船体结构-3-外板与甲板板

strake
在首尾端， 由于船体 瘦削，某 两列板合 并为一列 板，称为 并板
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2. Joining styles of each plates(板材联接形式)
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Shell plating and deck plates
1. The concept of seam and strakes(接缝与列板) Contents
Hull Structure
— Shell plating and deck plating
Lecturer：Pro. Zhang Mobile:13604261158 Email: zwy@dlou.edu.cn QQ:305772007 2016.3
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第一节: 外板（Shell plates）
Shell plates ：船体底部(bottom plates)、舭部(bilge plates)及舷侧(side plate)构成了船体的外板 作用：保证船体水密
3. Seams and strakes
The strake of side plating nearest to the deck is known as the ‘sheer strake’. The sheer strake is increased in thickness or a high tensile steel is used. 靠近甲板的舷侧列板叫做“舷顶列板”。舷顶列板的厚度需 要增加或采用高强度钢。 A strake
Frames：General name of different framings to support the shell plates, such as the following fig.
1-船尾甲板室 2-第五货舱 3-第四货舱 4-船中甲板室 5-第三 货舱 6-上甲板 7-第二货舱 8-第一货舱 9-首楼 10-首端 11-下甲板 12-船中部 13-尾端
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2. Joining styles of each plate (板材联接形式)
列板（strake）：钢板逐块端接而成的沿船长方向的连续 长板条称为列板，若干个列板组成船体外板。
2. Joining styles of each plates(板材联接形式)
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0 Introduction
主要构件（Primary Members）：船体的主要支撑构件，如强 肋骨、舷侧纵桁、甲板纵桁、强横梁、船底桁材等，一般由T 型组合材制成 次要构件（Secondary Members） ：支持板的骨材，如肋骨、 甲板纵骨、组合肋板等，一般由不等边角钢和球扁钢制成
What the terms mean about the seam and butt? The horizontal welds are termed ‘seams’ and the vertical welds are termed ‘butts’, because the shell plating is composed of many strakes or plates arranged in a fore and aft direction and welded together.
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The ship sections-Do you remember the terms?
bridge Poop deck Hatch 2 Main deck/ Upper deck forecastle Hatch 7
保证船体的水密，使船漂浮并具有运载能力 船体梁，参与总纵弯曲，承受各种横向载荷，保证局部强度和刚度
Forces acting on the plates: 总纵弯曲应力：船底板和舷侧外板承受总纵弯曲应力。 横向载荷：外板直接承受舷外水压力和舱内液体压力，产 生局部弯曲应力。 动力载荷：首部外板承受波浪冲击力，尾部外板承受螺旋 桨工作时的水动压力，冰区航行的船舶外板承受冰块的撞 击和挤压力。 偶然性载荷：碰撞、搁浅等意外载荷。
1. Shell plates
Shell is a welded-steel plates contracture(外板由一块块钢板焊接而成) Shell plating
船的外板、甲板板是由许多钢板拼合焊接而成。
板材的尺度(Dimensions) 长度：6000-14000mm 宽度：1200-3000mm 厚度：4-100mm
边接缝 seam
长边与长边相接的纵向接缝 钢板的长边沿 船长方向布置
端接缝 Butt
短边与短边相接的纵向接缝
肋骨曲率变化大，沿长边容易成型 纵向强度要求高,纵向强度好
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3. Seams and strakes
Name of strakes
Bottom strakes (船底列板) Bilge strakes (舭部列板) Side strakes(舷 侧外列板） Deck strakes (甲板板)
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Shell plate is composed of many strakes arranged in the
fore and aft direction and these strakes welded together. 船的外板是由许多列板沿船 长方向拼接而成。
Longitudinal（沿船长） 船 宽 方 向
sheer strake Side plates
Stringer plate (甲板边板
S strake Side plates
bilge strakes
Flat plate keel
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sheer strake Side plates
Stringer plate (甲板边板
S strake Side plates
A strake
bilge strakes
Flat plate keel
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0 Introduction
Main body is a hollow watertight structure which is composed of upper deck and shell plating.
Many frames support the plating of the shell.
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3. Seams and strakes
Terms: The strake of side plating nearest to the deck is known as the ‘sheer strake’. The sheerstrake is increased in thickness or a high tensile steel is used.
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2. Shell plating (船壳板) 3. Deck plate（甲板板）
Course Goals: 能正确描述外板的名称、排列布置及厚度分析 能正确描述甲板的形式、排列布置及厚度分析 能根据甲板和外析的位置确定其厚度分布及判 断其分布是否合理
Flat bar （平板）
bulb flat
unequal angle steels
Angle bar （角钢）
channel steel （槽钢）
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3. Seams and strakes
The plating located at the ship bottom is called bottom plates, among which are keel plates that are a series of plating sited at the centerline of hull.
0 Introduction
构件（Members）：在船体结构中，每一个加工单元就 称为一个构件（如一块钢板，一根角钢） 构件在船体中的位置不同，其名称也不同 纵向构件（Longitudinal Members）：沿船长方向布 置的构件。如舷侧纵桁、甲板纵桁、船底桁材、甲板 纵骨等 横向构件（Transverse Members） ：沿船宽方向布置 的构件。如肋骨、组合肋板等
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Transverse system of frame-横骨架式
4. Forces acting on the shell plating
Shell plates: 船底板+舭列板+舷侧列板 Functions：
0 Introduction
船体结构主要是由

Shell plating(外板) Frames（骨架）
Combination of the plate and the stiffeners called grillage （列板）
Fore peak tank after peak tank Middle body Lower deck
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2. Joining styles of each plates(板材联接形式)
In the shell structure, each shell plating has its own designation. For example, the plating located at the ship bottom is called bottom plates, among which are keel plates that are a series of plating sited at the centerline of hull. 外板结构中，每一块外板都有自己的名称。例如：位于船 底部的叫做船底板，位于船体中线上的一系列板叫做龙骨 板等。
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0 Introduction
There many different framings styles, such as follows 船用轧制的型材主要有：Flat bars、Bulb flats、Anlge bars 、Unequal angle steels、Channel steel and pipes et al。 这些型材统称为构件。