太赫兹科学与技术进展-张希成
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22 http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
Prof. Ci-Ling Pan’s THz Lab (Clean-Room)
23
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
THz Lab at Capital Normal University of Beijing
24
牛仔裤: Route 66 毛衣: Mercury 羽绒大衣: Bossini 裤子: Great Land 毛巾: 414 内衣: Puma 衬衫: Basic Edition
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
时间延迟 (ps)
14
如果是鞋子会怎么样?
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
为了加强执法力度? 为了加强执法力度
2 http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
Wave’s Nature: Diffraction
single hole T-ray
3
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
Diffraction from a Hole (φ=1.8 mm) φ
2 0.5 THz 2 1 THz
8
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
The Breadth of T-Ray Applications
collated from several leading journals in past 5 years other 17% imaging 12% tomography 3% biomedical 7% material testing 17% semiconductor microscope 10% waveguide 7%
Tomographic imaging system offers cross-sectional information within a target, provides functional imaging. Problems need to be solved: [1] Imaging Time should be from hours to less than one minute, with a target time of a few seconds. [2] Imaging Area should be from 2 cm to 20 cm, with a target area of 40 cm. [3] Imaging Resolution should be from 3 mm to sub-mm, with a target resolution of 0.1 mm. [4] Imaging Distance should be from 20 cm to 2 meter, with a target distance of a few hundred meters.
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
THz Lab at National Normal University of Taipei
A fiber laser as a source
一块火鸡骨头的T-射线 一块火鸡骨头的 射线 CT
Reconstructed Image
火鸡骨头
刊登了我们T-射线 CT 研究的杂志有: 医学设备和诊断工业，高 级专业成像与辐射疗法，工业电视 (旧金山)，每日邮报，光电子 杂志，诊疗世界，医学设备和诊断新闻， RT 成像，商业周刊。
18 http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
10 http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
T-Ray Imaging and Tomography
Why T-ray imaging modality? Functional imaging! T-ray imaging with standard x-y scan Transmission and reflection mode Tomography T-ray computed tomography (CT) T-ray diffractive tomography (DT) Tomography with a binary lens and a broadband pulse
1 1 1 + = z z′ f v
0.75THz 1.24THz 1.57THz Fresnel lens sensor
z
21
Laser Focus World August issue
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
Future Work for T-Ray Imaging
cm
cm
0 1 2
1
0
2 0
1 0 2 THz
1
2
2 1.5 THz
cm
cm
0 1 2
0
1
0 0
1
1
2
4
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
Wave’s Nature: Diffraction
double holes T-ray
5
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
Young’s Experiment
a pair of slits T-ray
20
X (mm)
10
0
0
14 Time (ps)
27
源自文库
6
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
Frequency Dependent T-rayT-Ray Interference Diffraction from Young’s Young’s Interference
一个球状物体(φ 一个球状物体 φ=36 mm)的T-射线 CT成像 的 射线 成像
Photo Reconstructed Image
在 Laser Focus World上发表的一篇图文, 5 月, 2002
19 http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
2-, 4-, and 8-Level T-Ray Fresnel Lenses
2 0.5 THz 2 1 THz
cm
cm
0 1.5 THz 1 2
1
0
0 0 2 2 THz
1
1
2
cm
2
cm
0 1 2
0
1
0 0
1
1
2
7
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
T-射线 的一些重要特性 射线
T-射线 具有较低光子能量 (4 meV @ 1 THz) ，不会在 生物组织中产生有害的光致电离。 很多有机分子由于偶极子的旋转和震动跃迁, 在 GHz 到 THz 频段，都具有很强的吸收和色散；分子的这些 光谱特征使得T-射线 鉴别成为可能。 T相干T-射线 信号瞬时电场的强度和相位可以同时被测 量; 这样我们就可以通过对T-射线 进行时域探测，获得 THz 吸收光谱和色散光谱。 THz 时域光谱提供了非常高的信噪比，而且对黑体辐 射 (热背景)不敏感。
T-射线 收发器 射线
当警察需要从屋外确知人质、恐怖分子和武器的详细位置和 状况的时候，我们可否使用THz收发器来帮忙?
15 http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
T-射线收发器 射线收发器 射线
THz 收发器 T-射线 波 目标
THz 信号(a.u.)
2 0 -2 56.7 meters -4 0 40
9
22% gas sensing 5%
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
Research Highlights in Year 2002
Solid state THz laser (Italy and UK) High power THz source from Jefferson Lab (US) T-ray tomographic imaging (US) THz resonant structure for label-free DNA detection (Germany) T-ray for biological and chemical agents sensing and imaging (US) THz radiation from semiconductor under strong B field (Japan) Nonlinear THz wave spectroscopy (US) THz wave quantum optics and quantum computing (US) THz wave for medical application (Europe and US)
信封中。 THz像中其吸收/ 散射清晰可见， 但是为了准确地辨别，需要对样品 的THz 响应进行全面的分析。
Thurengiensis 杆状菌 孢子被放入
信封中的“炭疽热”病菌粉末成像
13
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
T-射线 透视衣物？ 射线 透视衣物？
皮衣(2mm) 牛仔裤 (1.8mm) 毛衣 (1.9mm) 羽绒大衣 (1.9mm) 毛巾 (1.3mm) 裤子 (0.05mm) 内衣 (0.03mm) 丝巾 (0.023mm) 衬衫 (0.023 mm) 自由空间
11
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
T-Ray Image of A Letter Contains Powders
Image a letter It contains powders
12
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
T-射线用于对抗生物恐怖主义 射线用于对抗生物恐怖主义 射线
Recent Progress for THz Science & Technology
X.-C. Zhang (张希成 张希成) 张希成
Center for THz Research Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA
THz Group at Rensselaer
1
International Symposium of Ultrafast Phenomena and Terahertz Radiation http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
NRC Report: Harnessing Light
“A particularly novel and unexpected application of femtosecond light pulses is the generation of terahertz radiation, or T-rays. T-rays in the wavelength range of 0.05 to 1 mm provide a new technology for imaging hidden items and some invisible materials properties.” --- 1998 电子 THz 间隙 (classical transport)
2-Level
4-Level
8-Level
S. Wang, et al, OL, 27, 1183 (2002).
20
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
Tomography with a T-Ray Binary Lens
simultaneously image 3 targets at different frequencies
80 时间延迟 (ps)
120
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
16
射线成像 飞行时间 T-射线成像 射线
T-ray imaging is fast being recognized as a powerful diagnostic technique.
17
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
微波
MF， HF， VHF， UHF， SHF， EHF
光子 (quantum transition)
x-射线 γ –射线
可见光
100
103
106
109
1012
1015
1018
1021
1024 Hz
dc
kilo
mega
giga
tera
peta
exa
zetta
yotta
频率 (Hz) 1 THz ~ 1 ps ~ 300 m ~ 33 cm-1 ~ 4.1 meV ~ 47.6 K
Prof. Ci-Ling Pan’s THz Lab (Clean-Room)
23
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
THz Lab at Capital Normal University of Beijing
24
牛仔裤: Route 66 毛衣: Mercury 羽绒大衣: Bossini 裤子: Great Land 毛巾: 414 内衣: Puma 衬衫: Basic Edition
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
时间延迟 (ps)
14
如果是鞋子会怎么样?
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
为了加强执法力度? 为了加强执法力度
2 http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
Wave’s Nature: Diffraction
single hole T-ray
3
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
Diffraction from a Hole (φ=1.8 mm) φ
2 0.5 THz 2 1 THz
8
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
The Breadth of T-Ray Applications
collated from several leading journals in past 5 years other 17% imaging 12% tomography 3% biomedical 7% material testing 17% semiconductor microscope 10% waveguide 7%
Tomographic imaging system offers cross-sectional information within a target, provides functional imaging. Problems need to be solved: [1] Imaging Time should be from hours to less than one minute, with a target time of a few seconds. [2] Imaging Area should be from 2 cm to 20 cm, with a target area of 40 cm. [3] Imaging Resolution should be from 3 mm to sub-mm, with a target resolution of 0.1 mm. [4] Imaging Distance should be from 20 cm to 2 meter, with a target distance of a few hundred meters.
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
THz Lab at National Normal University of Taipei
A fiber laser as a source
一块火鸡骨头的T-射线 一块火鸡骨头的 射线 CT
Reconstructed Image
火鸡骨头
刊登了我们T-射线 CT 研究的杂志有: 医学设备和诊断工业，高 级专业成像与辐射疗法，工业电视 (旧金山)，每日邮报，光电子 杂志，诊疗世界，医学设备和诊断新闻， RT 成像，商业周刊。
18 http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
10 http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
T-Ray Imaging and Tomography
Why T-ray imaging modality? Functional imaging! T-ray imaging with standard x-y scan Transmission and reflection mode Tomography T-ray computed tomography (CT) T-ray diffractive tomography (DT) Tomography with a binary lens and a broadband pulse
1 1 1 + = z z′ f v
0.75THz 1.24THz 1.57THz Fresnel lens sensor
z
21
Laser Focus World August issue
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
Future Work for T-Ray Imaging
cm
cm
0 1 2
1
0
2 0
1 0 2 THz
1
2
2 1.5 THz
cm
cm
0 1 2
0
1
0 0
1
1
2
4
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
Wave’s Nature: Diffraction
double holes T-ray
5
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
Young’s Experiment
a pair of slits T-ray
20
X (mm)
10
0
0
14 Time (ps)
27
源自文库
6
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
Frequency Dependent T-rayT-Ray Interference Diffraction from Young’s Young’s Interference
一个球状物体(φ 一个球状物体 φ=36 mm)的T-射线 CT成像 的 射线 成像
Photo Reconstructed Image
在 Laser Focus World上发表的一篇图文, 5 月, 2002
19 http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
2-, 4-, and 8-Level T-Ray Fresnel Lenses
2 0.5 THz 2 1 THz
cm
cm
0 1.5 THz 1 2
1
0
0 0 2 2 THz
1
1
2
cm
2
cm
0 1 2
0
1
0 0
1
1
2
7
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
T-射线 的一些重要特性 射线
T-射线 具有较低光子能量 (4 meV @ 1 THz) ，不会在 生物组织中产生有害的光致电离。 很多有机分子由于偶极子的旋转和震动跃迁, 在 GHz 到 THz 频段，都具有很强的吸收和色散；分子的这些 光谱特征使得T-射线 鉴别成为可能。 T相干T-射线 信号瞬时电场的强度和相位可以同时被测 量; 这样我们就可以通过对T-射线 进行时域探测，获得 THz 吸收光谱和色散光谱。 THz 时域光谱提供了非常高的信噪比，而且对黑体辐 射 (热背景)不敏感。
T-射线 收发器 射线
当警察需要从屋外确知人质、恐怖分子和武器的详细位置和 状况的时候，我们可否使用THz收发器来帮忙?
15 http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
T-射线收发器 射线收发器 射线
THz 收发器 T-射线 波 目标
THz 信号(a.u.)
2 0 -2 56.7 meters -4 0 40
9
22% gas sensing 5%
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
Research Highlights in Year 2002
Solid state THz laser (Italy and UK) High power THz source from Jefferson Lab (US) T-ray tomographic imaging (US) THz resonant structure for label-free DNA detection (Germany) T-ray for biological and chemical agents sensing and imaging (US) THz radiation from semiconductor under strong B field (Japan) Nonlinear THz wave spectroscopy (US) THz wave quantum optics and quantum computing (US) THz wave for medical application (Europe and US)
信封中。 THz像中其吸收/ 散射清晰可见， 但是为了准确地辨别，需要对样品 的THz 响应进行全面的分析。
Thurengiensis 杆状菌 孢子被放入
信封中的“炭疽热”病菌粉末成像
13
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
T-射线 透视衣物？ 射线 透视衣物？
皮衣(2mm) 牛仔裤 (1.8mm) 毛衣 (1.9mm) 羽绒大衣 (1.9mm) 毛巾 (1.3mm) 裤子 (0.05mm) 内衣 (0.03mm) 丝巾 (0.023mm) 衬衫 (0.023 mm) 自由空间
11
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
T-Ray Image of A Letter Contains Powders
Image a letter It contains powders
12
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
T-射线用于对抗生物恐怖主义 射线用于对抗生物恐怖主义 射线
Recent Progress for THz Science & Technology
X.-C. Zhang (张希成 张希成) 张希成
Center for THz Research Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA
THz Group at Rensselaer
1
International Symposium of Ultrafast Phenomena and Terahertz Radiation http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
NRC Report: Harnessing Light
“A particularly novel and unexpected application of femtosecond light pulses is the generation of terahertz radiation, or T-rays. T-rays in the wavelength range of 0.05 to 1 mm provide a new technology for imaging hidden items and some invisible materials properties.” --- 1998 电子 THz 间隙 (classical transport)
2-Level
4-Level
8-Level
S. Wang, et al, OL, 27, 1183 (2002).
20
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
Tomography with a T-Ray Binary Lens
simultaneously image 3 targets at different frequencies
80 时间延迟 (ps)
120
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
16
射线成像 飞行时间 T-射线成像 射线
T-ray imaging is fast being recognized as a powerful diagnostic technique.
17
http://www.rpi.edu/~zhangxc
微波
MF， HF， VHF， UHF， SHF， EHF
光子 (quantum transition)
x-射线 γ –射线
可见光
100
103
106
109
1012
1015
1018
1021
1024 Hz
dc
kilo
mega
giga
tera
peta
exa
zetta
yotta
频率 (Hz) 1 THz ~ 1 ps ~ 300 m ~ 33 cm-1 ~ 4.1 meV ~ 47.6 K