现在完成时ppt精品课件

(6) before 用于句末, 表示“以前”
I’ve seen it before. Has she ridden a bike before ?
Exercises
❖ 1. I h__a_v_e_h_a_d_(have) lunch already. ❖ 2. Has the train_a_r_r_iv_e_d_ (arrive), yet? ❖ 3.Tome _h_a_s_ never_b_e_e_n__to_ (be to ) China. ❖ 4. The twin __h_a_s__just _s_e_e_n_(see) my
疑问句: 句末 “己经” Have you had breakfast yet?
注意：当在肯定句中含already或 just，变否定时，在句末加yet。
● I have already seen the film. I haven’t seen the film yet.
● Mother has just cleaned the house. Mother hasn’t cleaned the house yet.
当有 so far, in/during/over the past/ last few days(在过去/最近的几年里)，since 接过去时间状语或过去时的句子等常用 现在完成时 (不能与确定的时间)
Put the following sentences into English.
1. A: 火车已经开走了.
现在完成时的结构
主语 + have/ has + 过去分词（pp）
注：主语若是第三人称单数助动词用 has
否定形式 haven’t ( have not ） +过去分词 hasn’t ( has not ) +过去分词
疑问句 把助动词 have / has 放在句首
区别have 和 has的用法
have—had—had am/is —was—been are—were—been do—did—done go—went—gone see—saw—seen
Present perfect tense 现在完成时
❖构成:
have/has + 过去分词
❖用法一：
表示过去发生的某一动作 对现在造成的影响或结果. 现在完成时,强调是过去动 作与现在的联系,也就是强 调现在的影响和结果.
father. ❖ 5. The twins s_a_w__(see) my father just now. ❖ 6. Many tall buildingsh_a_v_e_b__e_e_n_b_u_i_lt(build)
in the past 5 years.
❖ 用法二：表的示 状过态去，所一发直生持的续动 到作现或在存并在可 能还将持续下去。动词使用延 续性动词。常与for或since引 导的时间连用
He has ever made meal. He has never made meal.
带ever的一般疑问句作否定回答时 可用“No, never.”
Have they ever travelled by train?
No, never.
(5) just 用于句中, 表示“刚刚”
I’ve just had breakfast. What have they just done?
1、规则变化（过去分词与过去时变化规则一样）
(1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 work---worked---worked visit---visited---visited
(2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加 “ d ”。
live---lived
(3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 “y” 变为 “i”，
肯定句: “己经”
I’ve already had breakfast. (常见) = I’ve had breakfast already.
一般疑问句: 句末(表示惊讶的语气) “难道”
Have you had breakfast already？ (表示强调)
(2) yet
否定句:句末 “还(没)” I haven’t had breakfast yet.
❖ He has bought a house. 他买了一栋房子。 (现在已拥有这房子)
❖ He bought a house ten years ago. 他10年 前买了一栋房子。(现在是否仍拥有这房子不 清楚)
一般过去时与现在完成时有一些明 显的时间状语。
遇到yesterday, Last year, in May, in+过 去某一年，two days ago, the other day, just now等就用一般过去时 (表过去的时 间)
had
buy have/has had
How long has she stood here?
选用for和since填空:
1.We haven’t seen each other __f_o_r__ a long time. 2.His father has been in the Party _s_in__c_e_ 10 years ago.
现在完成时和一般过去时的区别：
现在完成时: 强调这一动作产生的结果对现 在的影响或结果，与现在有关。 一般过去时: 仅表示在过去某一时刻曾发生 过这一动作，与现在无关。
他已学英语五年了。 He has studied English for five years.
（说明他还会继续学下去）
他曾学过五年英语。
You have planted all the trees. I have planted all the trees. He/she has planted all the trees. They have planted all the trees.
主语若是第三人称单数助动词用 has
过去分词
Present Perfect Tense
Present Perfect Tense
现在完成时
past
present(now)
future
现在完成时的结构 主语 + have/ has + 过去分词（pp）
Winter has already come， will it storn glasses _s_i_n_ce___he was 7 years old.
borrow arrive/come
join
瞬间动词
begin/start finish/end
··········
注意: 瞬间动词不能和时间段连用.
She has bought the computer for two years.
He studied English for five years.
（只说明他过去学过五年英语，但现在不学了。）
❖ I’ve lived here for ten years. 我在这里住了 10年。(现在仍住这儿)
❖ I lived here for ten years. 我在这里住过10 年。(现在不住这儿了)
9. My friends haven’t visited me _s_in_c_e__my birthday. 10. We haven’t used our car _f_o_r__ a long time .
11. She hasn’t had a good cup of coffee __fo_r__years.
B: Where did you buy it?
A: I bought it in my hometown. A: have you seen the film? B: Yes, I have. A: When did you see it? B: I saw it last Sunday.
现在完成时不能与表示过去的时间状语连 用，常与之连用的时间状语有：
I lived there 2 years ago
past
present
I have lived here for two years
❖ 1.两个句子都表示过去发生的事； ❖ 2.现在完成时强调过去和现在的联系，不能和具
体的时间状语连用；
❖ 3.一般过去时强调过去发生的事或状态,没有说明 与现在的关系，它与表示过去的具体时间连用。 （last, ago, yesterday, etc. ）
(3) ever 肯定句/疑问句 : 句中 “曾经”
I’ve ever been to Beijing. Have you ever been to Beijing?
(4) never
否定句: 句中 “从来没有” I’ve never been to Beijing.
注: 带ever的肯定句变否定句时, 将 ever变never
for: (长达）
for+ 时间段
He has kept the book for 2 weeks.
注意: 对for或since引导的时间 状语提问 必须用__h_o_w__lo_n__g__
1. I have lived here for 10 years.
How long have you lived here? 2. She has stood here since 2 hours ago.
6. Mr. Brown has had his TV __f_o_r__ 15 years. 7. I’ve taken driving lessons __s_in_c_e__last month.
8. My sister has had her cell phone _f_o_r___a month .