化工专业英语课件
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• Throughout （表示时间）自始至终； 在…期间； 遍及…地域；
• Manufacture of chemicals in the mid-19th century consisted of modest craft operations. • Craft 工艺；手艺；技巧；技能
• Increase in demand,public concern at the emission of noxious effluents,and competition between rival processes provided the incentives for greater
• The laws of physical chemistry and physics govern
the practicability and efficiency of chemical engineering operations. • Practicability 实用性
• Energy changes,deriving from thermodynamic considerations, are particulary important.
• The number of unit operation-the building blocks of a chemical plant-is not large.
• The complexity arises from the variety of conditions under which the unit operations are conducted.
Specialized English for chemistry
Chemical Enineering and Technology
Lesson 1 Chemical Engineering
• Chemical engineering is the development of processes and the design and operation of plants in
• The demand for plants capable of operating physical
separation processes continuously at high levels of efficiency was a challenge that could not be met by the traditional chemist or mechanical engineer.
consultant.
• This book concentrated on the design of plant items for specific operation. • The notion of a processing plant encompassing a
number of operations, such as
efficiency.
• noxious effluents 有毒废水
• This led to the emergence of combines with resources for larger operations and caused the transition from a craft to a science-based industry.
• with the aid of
在。。。。帮助下
• Chemical engineering is as old as the process industries.
• Its heritage dated from the fermentation and evaporation process operated by early civilizations.
• Thermodynamic 热力学的
• Mathematics is a basic tool in optimization and modeling.
• Optimization means arranging materials,facilities,and energy to yield as productive and economical an
• It has given unity to the diverse unit operations
and has led to the development of chemical
engineering science in its own right;as a result,many applications have been found in fields outside the traditional chemical industry.
which materials undergo chaห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ges in physical or
chemical state on a technical scale. • on a technical scale • 在一个技术的规模 • Applied throught the process industies,it is founded on the principles of chemistry,physics,and mathematics. • A based B created C developed D studied
• Study of the fundamental phenomena upon which chemical engineering is based has necessitated their description in mathematical form and has led to more sophisticated mathematical techniques.
• In the same way that a complex plant can be divided into basic unit operations,chemical
reactions involved in the processes have common
characteristics. • unit operations 单元操作
• Heritage 遗产； 继承物； 传统； 文化遗产
• Fermentation 发酵；动荡；发酵（作用）；发酵〔作用〕 • Civilizations文明( civilization的名词复数 )； 文明社会；
• Modern chemical engineering emerged with the development of large-scale,chemical-manufacturing operations in the second half of the 19th century. • A appeared B advanced C adopted D advertized
• filtration
• evaporation
过滤
蒸发
• This was first enunciated by the American
chemical engineering Arthur D. Little in 1919 and
formed the basis for a classification of chemical engineering that dominated the subject for the next 40 years.
• The result was a demand for chemical technologists.
• Technologists 化学工艺技术人员 • The term “chemical engineering” was in general use by about 1900. • Despite its emergence in traditional chemicals
• Throughout its development as an independent discipline,chemical engineering has been directed toward solving problems of designing and operating
large plants for continuous production.
manufacturing,it was through its role in the development
of the petroleum industry that chemical engineering became firmly established as a unique discipline. • A training B punishment C application D branch of learning
mixing,evaporation,and filtration,and of these operations being essentially similar,whatever the product,led to the concept of unit operations. • unit operations 单元操作
• Since World War Ⅱ,closer examination of the fundamental phenomena involved in the various unit operations has shown these to depend on the basis laws of mass transfer,heat transfer,and fluid flow.
operation as possible.
• Facilities 设备( facility的名词复数)
• Modeling is the construction of theoretical mathematical prototypes of complex process systems,commonly with the aid of computers. • A development B basis C assistance D operation
• Necessitated 使…成为必要( necessitate的过去式和过去分词 )
• Sophisticated复杂的； 精致的； 富有经验的； 深奥微妙的
• The advent of digital computers has allowed laborious design calculations to be performed rapidly,opening the way to accurate optimization of industrial processes.
• A landmark in the development of chemical engineering
was the publication in 1901 of the first textbook on
the subject,by Gorge E. Davis, a British chemical
• This classification into unit processes brought
rationalization to the study of process engineering.
• Rationalization 合理化
• The unit approach suffered from the disadvantage inherent in such classifications:a restricted outlook based on existing practice. • Inherent 固有的 内在的
• Manufacture of chemicals in the mid-19th century consisted of modest craft operations. • Craft 工艺；手艺；技巧；技能
• Increase in demand,public concern at the emission of noxious effluents,and competition between rival processes provided the incentives for greater
• The laws of physical chemistry and physics govern
the practicability and efficiency of chemical engineering operations. • Practicability 实用性
• Energy changes,deriving from thermodynamic considerations, are particulary important.
• The number of unit operation-the building blocks of a chemical plant-is not large.
• The complexity arises from the variety of conditions under which the unit operations are conducted.
Specialized English for chemistry
Chemical Enineering and Technology
Lesson 1 Chemical Engineering
• Chemical engineering is the development of processes and the design and operation of plants in
• The demand for plants capable of operating physical
separation processes continuously at high levels of efficiency was a challenge that could not be met by the traditional chemist or mechanical engineer.
consultant.
• This book concentrated on the design of plant items for specific operation. • The notion of a processing plant encompassing a
number of operations, such as
efficiency.
• noxious effluents 有毒废水
• This led to the emergence of combines with resources for larger operations and caused the transition from a craft to a science-based industry.
• with the aid of
在。。。。帮助下
• Chemical engineering is as old as the process industries.
• Its heritage dated from the fermentation and evaporation process operated by early civilizations.
• Thermodynamic 热力学的
• Mathematics is a basic tool in optimization and modeling.
• Optimization means arranging materials,facilities,and energy to yield as productive and economical an
• It has given unity to the diverse unit operations
and has led to the development of chemical
engineering science in its own right;as a result,many applications have been found in fields outside the traditional chemical industry.
which materials undergo chaห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ges in physical or
chemical state on a technical scale. • on a technical scale • 在一个技术的规模 • Applied throught the process industies,it is founded on the principles of chemistry,physics,and mathematics. • A based B created C developed D studied
• Study of the fundamental phenomena upon which chemical engineering is based has necessitated their description in mathematical form and has led to more sophisticated mathematical techniques.
• In the same way that a complex plant can be divided into basic unit operations,chemical
reactions involved in the processes have common
characteristics. • unit operations 单元操作
• Heritage 遗产； 继承物； 传统； 文化遗产
• Fermentation 发酵；动荡；发酵（作用）；发酵〔作用〕 • Civilizations文明( civilization的名词复数 )； 文明社会；
• Modern chemical engineering emerged with the development of large-scale,chemical-manufacturing operations in the second half of the 19th century. • A appeared B advanced C adopted D advertized
• filtration
• evaporation
过滤
蒸发
• This was first enunciated by the American
chemical engineering Arthur D. Little in 1919 and
formed the basis for a classification of chemical engineering that dominated the subject for the next 40 years.
• The result was a demand for chemical technologists.
• Technologists 化学工艺技术人员 • The term “chemical engineering” was in general use by about 1900. • Despite its emergence in traditional chemicals
• Throughout its development as an independent discipline,chemical engineering has been directed toward solving problems of designing and operating
large plants for continuous production.
manufacturing,it was through its role in the development
of the petroleum industry that chemical engineering became firmly established as a unique discipline. • A training B punishment C application D branch of learning
mixing,evaporation,and filtration,and of these operations being essentially similar,whatever the product,led to the concept of unit operations. • unit operations 单元操作
• Since World War Ⅱ,closer examination of the fundamental phenomena involved in the various unit operations has shown these to depend on the basis laws of mass transfer,heat transfer,and fluid flow.
operation as possible.
• Facilities 设备( facility的名词复数)
• Modeling is the construction of theoretical mathematical prototypes of complex process systems,commonly with the aid of computers. • A development B basis C assistance D operation
• Necessitated 使…成为必要( necessitate的过去式和过去分词 )
• Sophisticated复杂的； 精致的； 富有经验的； 深奥微妙的
• The advent of digital computers has allowed laborious design calculations to be performed rapidly,opening the way to accurate optimization of industrial processes.
• A landmark in the development of chemical engineering
was the publication in 1901 of the first textbook on
the subject,by Gorge E. Davis, a British chemical
• This classification into unit processes brought
rationalization to the study of process engineering.
• Rationalization 合理化
• The unit approach suffered from the disadvantage inherent in such classifications:a restricted outlook based on existing practice. • Inherent 固有的 内在的