如何提高小学生数学计算能力

如何提高小学生数学计算能力

在小学中低年级教学中,计算占相当大的比例,学生最容易出错的也是计算,特别是随着计算机时代的到来，计算能力往往被很多人所忽视。我觉得计算能力是每个人必备的一项基本功，培养学生的计算能力也是小学生数学教学中的一项重要任务，是学生学好数学的重

要基础。学会计算，终身受用，生活中处处离不开计算，计算是小学数学教学的重中之重。

In teach ing in the eleme ntary school lower grade calculati on, acco unts for a con siderable proport ion of stude nts the most error-pr one and comput ing, especially with the adve nt of the era

of

computer, computing capacity is often ignored by many people. I think computing capability is a basic skills esse ntial to every one, to cultivate the stude nts' calculati on ability is an importa nt task in the primary school mathematics teach in g, is the importa nt foun dati on of stude nts to learn mathematics. Society, life, life is in separable from the calculati on, the calculati on is the key of the

eleme ntary school mathematics teach ing.

一、把好口算关

著名数学家裘宗沪指出：如果你想学好数学，首先要会算，而且要算得好，心算是一种思维能力。心算好，脑子里能盘算的问题就多，随时随地都能想问题。

Famous mathematician QiuZong hu pointed out that: if you want to learn math well, first of all to calculate, and to calculate well, mental arithmetic is a kind of thinking ability. Good mental arithmetic, the brain can only problem is, any time, any where can want to questi on.

1培养学生的“数感”。

数感，它同音乐的“乐感”、美术的“美感”一样，学数学就得有“数感”。在教学中，让学生用数学的眼光去观察、认识周围的事物，用数学的概念与语言去反映和描述社会生产

和生活中的问题，结合生活中的具体事例去教学数学知识，让学生感受到数学就在身边，生活中处处有数学，从而以积极的心态投入学习，体验“数感”。

Number sen se, it with the music of the \"music\" and \"beauty\" of art, maths has \" nu mber sen se\". I n the teach in g, lets the stude nt to observe, from the view of mathematics un dersta nding things around, using mathematical concepts and Ianguage to reflect and describe the problem of social product ion and life, comb ined with the con crete facts of life to teach ing mathematics knowledge, let students experience mathematics on the side, everywhere in the life mathematics, with positive attitude in learning, experience the \"number sense\".

2、强化口算。

口算是笔算、估算、简算的基础，无论整数、小数的加减法，还是乘除法，以及四则混合运算，都离不开口算。如：360十18=360十9十2=40十2=20，在这个简算的过程中，运用

了三项口算。又如：计算5764+3821的和，要用到4项加法口算，任何一个环节发生错误，

都可导致全盘出错。因此，要提高小学生的计算能力，就必须从强化口算能力抓起，把口算

训练当作一项常规工作来抓。我的具体做法是：

Oral is the basis of manual computation and estimation, Jane is, in any integer, decimal

additi on and subtract ion, or, method, and the four mixed operati on, canno t leave the oral.

Such as:

360 prese nt 18 = 360 prese nt nine members prese nt 2 = 40 members prese nt 2 = 20, in the

process

of the abridged, using three oral arithmetic. Aga in such as calculati on of 5764 + 3821, and, n eed four additi on oral, any a link error, can lead to errors. Therefore, to improve the eleme ntary stude nt's comput ing power, it must grab from stre ngthe ning oral ability, oral training as a rout ine

work. My particular way is:

(1 )每天利用3-5分钟时间训练口算。在教学中，我每天在课堂上利用3-5分钟时间

进行口算训练，或视算或听算，或在作业中抄一、两道脱式计算题，每天批阅并及时反馈，逐步提高学生的

计算能力。

(1) using 3-5 minu tes daily oral trai nin g. I n the teachi ng, I every day in the classroom use of 3-5 minu tes oral training, or ShiSua n or liste n to calculate, or, i n the case of a homework to copy one or two off type calculati on problem, marking and feedback in time every day, gradually

improve the stude nts' ability of calculati on.

(2)记忆一些常用数据和巧算方法。像20以内的加减法、表内乘法、1-20的平方数等，都要求学生熟记，达到脱口而出的程度。同时，经常教学生一些巧算的方法，也可使其计算速度大大提高。女口：一个数与“11”相乘，“两边一拉，中间一加，满十向前一位进一”；一个数与5、25、125相乘，都可以运用巧算方法：

(2) memory and some com monly used data coin cide nee coun ti ng method. As additi on and subtract ion, multiplicati on table with in 20, 1-20 square nu mber, etc., require stude nts to memorize and to the point of blurt out. At the same time, ofte n teach stude nts some clever calculate way, also can make its calculati on speed is greatly in creased. Such as: is multiplied by a nu mber from \"11\", \"on both sides of a pull, a middle, ten a into a\" forward; With a nu mber is multiplied by 5, 25,

125, can use opport un ely calculate method:

24X 5=24- 2X 10

24 * 24 prese nt 2 * 5 = 10

324X 25=324 - 4 X 100

25 = 324 prese nt 4 x 324 x 324

409 X 125=408 X 125+125=408 - 8X 1000+125

409 * 125 = 408 * 125 + 125 = 408 prese nt 8 x 1000 + 125