英语专业英美文学文学汇总

of a great hero and reflecting the values of the society from which it originated. Many epics were drawn from an oral tradition and were tran smitted by song and recitatio n before they were writte n dow n. （史诗）2Roma nee: It was a long compositi on, sometimes in verse, sometimes in prose, describ ing the life and adve ntures of a n oble hero. （传奇文学）3Heroic Couplet : the rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter.（英雄双韵体）4lambic Pen tameter : is the most com mon En glish meter, i n which each foot contains an unaccented ________________________

syllable and an accented syllable.（五音步抑扬格） meter格律foot音步

5ballad: is a story told in song, usually in 4-1 ine sta nzas, with the second ___ and fourth lines rhymed. （歌谣）

6Sonnet: It is a lyric poem of 14 lines, usually in iambic pentameter, restricted to a defi nite rhyme scheme. （十四行诗）

7Blank verse : is a type of poetry, distinguished by having a regular meter, but no rhyme.（无韵诗）

8Soliloquy : an utteranee or discourse by a person who is talking to himself/ herself or is disregardful of or oblivious to any hearers prese nt （ofte n used as a device in a drama to disclose a character 'i nn ermost

thoughts）; 2. the act of talking while or as if alone（独白）

9Classicism : Aesthetic attitudes and principles manifested in the art, architecture, and literature of an cie nt Greece and Rome and characterized by emphasis on form, simplicity, proporti on, and restra int. Classicism was popular in Europe in the 18th cen tury. （古典主义）

10Neo-classicism : neo-classicism imitated the characteristics of Roman writers, including Horace, Virgil, Cicero, etc., in the days of Augustus. They tried to make English literature conform to rules and principles established by the great Roma n and Greek classical writers .In writ ing plays, they used rhyme and couplet in stead of bla nk verse, observed the trinity --- the unity of time, place and acti on. （新古典主义）

11An epistolary novel is a novel written as a series of documents. The usual form is letters, although diary entries, newspaper clippings and other docume nts are sometimes used. （书信体小说）

12Sentimentalism is one of the important trends in English literature of the middle and later decades of the 18th century. It justly criticized the cruelty of the capitalist relatio ns and the gross social injustices brought about by the bourgeois

revoluti on s. It embraces a pessimistic outlook and blames reas on and the In dustrial Revoluti on, marked by a sin cere sympathy for the

poverty-stricken ‘expropriated peasants.（感伤主义）

Romanticism: Romanticism is a literary trend. It prevails in England during the period 1798-1832. romanticists expressed the ideology and sen time nt of those classes and social strata who were disc ontent with

and opposed to the development of capitalism. They split into two groups because of the differe nt attitudes toward the capitalist society. (浪漫主义) Ode is a lyric poem of some len gth that honors an in dividual, a thing, a

trait dealing with a lofty theme in a dignified manner. The form dates back to classical times and is orig in ally inten ded to be sung at festivals or in plays.

Brief Outline of British Literature : works

National epic: The Song of Beowulf

2) The An glo-Norman Period (1066-1350)

Arthuria n Roma nee: Sir Gawa in and

Gree n Kni ght

3) Geoffrey Chaucer1340-1400 : Messenger of Humanism

The first important realistic writer

Father ” of English poetry

The Ca nterbury Tales the wife of Bath (巴斯夫人)，