奶牛蹄病预防措施
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微度牛蹄病
Stands with flat back, but arches when walks站立时脊背
平直,但行走时脊背拱起
2% milk loss!奶量损失
P.H. Robinson, Ph.D., Dept. of Animal Science, UC Davis
Gait is slightly abnormal步伐稍有异常
一旦我们判定牛 只蹄病严重程度, 下一步我们要 找出发生的原因
What Can We Do With Records?
奶牛蹄部损害鉴定
非感染性
对于蹄病记录 我们能做什么?
Determine type of lesion, infectious vs. noninfectious找出蹄病损
害的型态, 感染性或非 感染性
四蹄起落有致
行走移动指数1
DC - 319
Adapted from Sprecher et al., 1997. Theriogenology 47:1179
DAIRY CATTLE LOCOMOTION SCORING奶牛行走移动指数
Clinical Description 临床症状描述
MILDLY LAME
SEVERELY LAME
临床症状描述
重度牛蹄病 Pronounced arching of back 脊背明显拱起
affected limb拒绝用某一条腿支撑重量,
Reluctant to move, with complete off the P.H.almost Robinson, Ph.D., Dept. of Animalweight Science, UC transfer Davis
美国新罕布什尔大学动物科学与营养学系博士
Midwest Feed Company, 2 years, Manager, Dairy Nutrition and Research,
中西部饲料公司2年经理, 负责奶牛营养与研究
Zinpro Corporation, > 13 Years
美国金宝公司 >13年
轻度牛蹄病
Stands and walks with an arched back站立及行走时脊背拱起 Weight transfer from affected limb causes a slight sinking of dewclaws in opposite affected limb牛体承重由受影响的肢蹄转
行走移动指数2
DC - 320
Adapted from Sprecher et al., 1997. Theriogenology 47:1179
DAIRY CATTLE LOCOMOTION SCORING奶牛行走移动指数
Clinical Description 临床症状描述
MODERATELY LAME
Top dairies are able to achieve <5% 4s and 5s先进牛
场能达到低于5%牛只行走移动指数为4及5分
Once We Have Determined How Bad It Is (Lameness), Next We Have to Determine Why
1964年出生于美国威斯康星州 中北部30头奶牛场世家
Heavy dairy area, 40 of 75 classmates
grew up on dairies
该地区为奶业重镇, 75位同学 有40位生长于奶牛场世家
Worked my way through college working on neighbor’s 65 cow dairy
• Research Nutritionist
反刍营养研究者
• Dairy Research, Team Leader 奶牛营养研发团队领导 Married with 3 kids 已婚有3个小孩
Locomotion Scoring, Is Lameness a Problem?
行走移动指数, 跛足是否是问题!
Claw Lesion Prevention for Dairy Farms
奶牛场如何预防牛蹄伤害
Michael Socha, Ph.D. Zinpro Corporation 麦克· 索哈博士 美国金宝公司
Personal Background 个人介绍
Born December 30, 1964 in Edgar, WI Grew up on a small 30 cow dairy In North Central WI
affected limb受影响肢蹄悬蹄明显下沉
行走移动指数4
DC - 322
Adapted from Sprecher et al., 1997. Theriogenology 47:1179
DAIRY CATTLE LOCOMOTION SCORING奶牛行走移动指数
Clinical Description
找出蹄病发生的原因
Infectious
Hygiene 卫生 Footbath/foot spray 蹄浴/蹄部喷洒 Biosecurity 生物安全 Nutrition & feeding 营养及饲养
Determine Cause of Lameness
Non-Infectious
Hoof trimming 修蹄 Transition 围产
Hoof trimming 修蹄
Walking surfaces 行走地面
Implement Corrective Action Plan 强化矫正行动计划
DAIRY CATTLE LOCOMOTION SCORING奶牛行走移动指数
Locomotion Scoring 行动指数
Based on observation of cows standing and walking (gait) with special emphasis on their
独立自主在邻居的65头奶牛场 工作至大学
PERSONAL BACKGROUND 个人介绍
University of Wisconsin, BS and MS, Dairy Science
美国威斯康星大学乳牛学系学士及硕士
University of New Hampshire, PhD, Animal and Nutritional Sciences
15% milk loss!奶量损失
拒绝移动
行走移动指数5
DC - 323
Adapted from Sprecher et al., 1997. Theriogenology 47:1179
Who Are You Going to Score?谁需要被评分?
All the cows…..所有牛只 Representative groups:代表性牛群 • Fresh
指数为2或3牛只应进行检查及修蹄以避 免恶化
Trimming done by a competent trimmer with goal of returning claws to functional weight bearing and conformation
应请有经验修蹄 DC - 310师将蹄型修至最佳承重状态
感染性
Parity effect?产期效应 Seasonal effect?季节效应 Stage of lactation effect?
产奶期效应
Focus on lesions in lame cows
关注在跛足牛只的损害
The Power of Claw Lesion Records
非感染性的
Freestall 散养栏 Freestall ventilation 散养栏通风
感染性的
Time budget 时间成本 Heat abatement 降低热应激 Nutrition & feeding 养及饲养 Dirt lot 泥土栏舍 Tie stall 拴系牛床 Holding area 待挤区 营 Bedded pack Tie stall heat 拴系牛床 abatement 降低热应激
牛蹄损害记录的威力
300 250
Most are first calf heifers, need to look at a footbath or spray program for heifers
Only trimming cows routinely at dry off, need to look at doing a second maintenance trim in mid lactation
新产牛 初产牛
• First lactation
• High group
高产牛
产奶末期牛
• Late lactation older cows • Sick/lame pen
病/跛足栏舍牛只
More than 10% 4s and 5s, we have problem
超过10%牛只行走移动指数为4及5分, 我们 有牛蹄病问题
9% milk loss! 奶量损失 一条或几条腿, 但仍能支撑住身体
P.H. Robinson, Ph.D., Dept. of Animal Science, UC Davis
Sinking of the dew-claws may be evident in the limb opposite to the
DAIRY CATTLE LOCOMOTION SCORING奶牛行走移动指数
Clinical Description
时背部平直
Makes long confident strides
NORMAL正常
临床症状描述
Stands and walks normally with a level back 站立及行走
根据观察牛只站立及行走及 背部凸起状况
back posture Observations should be made on a flat surface that provides good footing for cows观察
时, 牛只应站在平整地面
Cows scoring 2 or 3 should be examined and trimmed to prevent more serious problems行动
DAIRY CATTLE LOCOMOTION SCORING 奶牛行走移动指数
Clinical Description
临床症状描述
LAME 中度牛蹄病 Arched back standing and walking站立及行走时脊背均拱起 Favoring one or more limbs but can still bear some weight on them喜欢用
移到另一侧, 受影响肢蹄悬蹄下沉 4% milk
loss!奶量损失
行走移动指数3
P.H. Robinson, Ph.D., Dept. of Animal Science, UC Davis
DC - 321
Adapted from Sprecher et al., 1997. Theriogenology 47:1179
感染性
Infectious
Non-Infectious
非感染性
蹄 病 的 记 录
Number of events
200
多数为初产牛需要 注意育成牛的足浴 或喷蹄计划
只有定期在干奶时修 蹄,必须在产奶中期注 意第二次维持性修蹄
150
100
50
0
Days in Milk
产奶天数
Data from Aug 2007 through Nov 2008. 1,200 cow Holstein herd with 39 kg milk, 3.5% fat, 3.0% true protein. Freestalls bedded with composted manure solids. Take home messages: 1) high number of infectious claw lesion claw lesions in the first 30 DIM (often observed but needs attention) and 2) high number of non-infectious lesions are found when conducting dry-off trims (too many locomotion 3 cows going undetected during lactation).
微度牛蹄病
Stands with flat back, but arches when walks站立时脊背
平直,但行走时脊背拱起
2% milk loss!奶量损失
P.H. Robinson, Ph.D., Dept. of Animal Science, UC Davis
Gait is slightly abnormal步伐稍有异常
一旦我们判定牛 只蹄病严重程度, 下一步我们要 找出发生的原因
What Can We Do With Records?
奶牛蹄部损害鉴定
非感染性
对于蹄病记录 我们能做什么?
Determine type of lesion, infectious vs. noninfectious找出蹄病损
害的型态, 感染性或非 感染性
四蹄起落有致
行走移动指数1
DC - 319
Adapted from Sprecher et al., 1997. Theriogenology 47:1179
DAIRY CATTLE LOCOMOTION SCORING奶牛行走移动指数
Clinical Description 临床症状描述
MILDLY LAME
SEVERELY LAME
临床症状描述
重度牛蹄病 Pronounced arching of back 脊背明显拱起
affected limb拒绝用某一条腿支撑重量,
Reluctant to move, with complete off the P.H.almost Robinson, Ph.D., Dept. of Animalweight Science, UC transfer Davis
美国新罕布什尔大学动物科学与营养学系博士
Midwest Feed Company, 2 years, Manager, Dairy Nutrition and Research,
中西部饲料公司2年经理, 负责奶牛营养与研究
Zinpro Corporation, > 13 Years
美国金宝公司 >13年
轻度牛蹄病
Stands and walks with an arched back站立及行走时脊背拱起 Weight transfer from affected limb causes a slight sinking of dewclaws in opposite affected limb牛体承重由受影响的肢蹄转
行走移动指数2
DC - 320
Adapted from Sprecher et al., 1997. Theriogenology 47:1179
DAIRY CATTLE LOCOMOTION SCORING奶牛行走移动指数
Clinical Description 临床症状描述
MODERATELY LAME
Top dairies are able to achieve <5% 4s and 5s先进牛
场能达到低于5%牛只行走移动指数为4及5分
Once We Have Determined How Bad It Is (Lameness), Next We Have to Determine Why
1964年出生于美国威斯康星州 中北部30头奶牛场世家
Heavy dairy area, 40 of 75 classmates
grew up on dairies
该地区为奶业重镇, 75位同学 有40位生长于奶牛场世家
Worked my way through college working on neighbor’s 65 cow dairy
• Research Nutritionist
反刍营养研究者
• Dairy Research, Team Leader 奶牛营养研发团队领导 Married with 3 kids 已婚有3个小孩
Locomotion Scoring, Is Lameness a Problem?
行走移动指数, 跛足是否是问题!
Claw Lesion Prevention for Dairy Farms
奶牛场如何预防牛蹄伤害
Michael Socha, Ph.D. Zinpro Corporation 麦克· 索哈博士 美国金宝公司
Personal Background 个人介绍
Born December 30, 1964 in Edgar, WI Grew up on a small 30 cow dairy In North Central WI
affected limb受影响肢蹄悬蹄明显下沉
行走移动指数4
DC - 322
Adapted from Sprecher et al., 1997. Theriogenology 47:1179
DAIRY CATTLE LOCOMOTION SCORING奶牛行走移动指数
Clinical Description
找出蹄病发生的原因
Infectious
Hygiene 卫生 Footbath/foot spray 蹄浴/蹄部喷洒 Biosecurity 生物安全 Nutrition & feeding 营养及饲养
Determine Cause of Lameness
Non-Infectious
Hoof trimming 修蹄 Transition 围产
Hoof trimming 修蹄
Walking surfaces 行走地面
Implement Corrective Action Plan 强化矫正行动计划
DAIRY CATTLE LOCOMOTION SCORING奶牛行走移动指数
Locomotion Scoring 行动指数
Based on observation of cows standing and walking (gait) with special emphasis on their
独立自主在邻居的65头奶牛场 工作至大学
PERSONAL BACKGROUND 个人介绍
University of Wisconsin, BS and MS, Dairy Science
美国威斯康星大学乳牛学系学士及硕士
University of New Hampshire, PhD, Animal and Nutritional Sciences
15% milk loss!奶量损失
拒绝移动
行走移动指数5
DC - 323
Adapted from Sprecher et al., 1997. Theriogenology 47:1179
Who Are You Going to Score?谁需要被评分?
All the cows…..所有牛只 Representative groups:代表性牛群 • Fresh
指数为2或3牛只应进行检查及修蹄以避 免恶化
Trimming done by a competent trimmer with goal of returning claws to functional weight bearing and conformation
应请有经验修蹄 DC - 310师将蹄型修至最佳承重状态
感染性
Parity effect?产期效应 Seasonal effect?季节效应 Stage of lactation effect?
产奶期效应
Focus on lesions in lame cows
关注在跛足牛只的损害
The Power of Claw Lesion Records
非感染性的
Freestall 散养栏 Freestall ventilation 散养栏通风
感染性的
Time budget 时间成本 Heat abatement 降低热应激 Nutrition & feeding 养及饲养 Dirt lot 泥土栏舍 Tie stall 拴系牛床 Holding area 待挤区 营 Bedded pack Tie stall heat 拴系牛床 abatement 降低热应激
牛蹄损害记录的威力
300 250
Most are first calf heifers, need to look at a footbath or spray program for heifers
Only trimming cows routinely at dry off, need to look at doing a second maintenance trim in mid lactation
新产牛 初产牛
• First lactation
• High group
高产牛
产奶末期牛
• Late lactation older cows • Sick/lame pen
病/跛足栏舍牛只
More than 10% 4s and 5s, we have problem
超过10%牛只行走移动指数为4及5分, 我们 有牛蹄病问题
9% milk loss! 奶量损失 一条或几条腿, 但仍能支撑住身体
P.H. Robinson, Ph.D., Dept. of Animal Science, UC Davis
Sinking of the dew-claws may be evident in the limb opposite to the
DAIRY CATTLE LOCOMOTION SCORING奶牛行走移动指数
Clinical Description
时背部平直
Makes long confident strides
NORMAL正常
临床症状描述
Stands and walks normally with a level back 站立及行走
根据观察牛只站立及行走及 背部凸起状况
back posture Observations should be made on a flat surface that provides good footing for cows观察
时, 牛只应站在平整地面
Cows scoring 2 or 3 should be examined and trimmed to prevent more serious problems行动
DAIRY CATTLE LOCOMOTION SCORING 奶牛行走移动指数
Clinical Description
临床症状描述
LAME 中度牛蹄病 Arched back standing and walking站立及行走时脊背均拱起 Favoring one or more limbs but can still bear some weight on them喜欢用
移到另一侧, 受影响肢蹄悬蹄下沉 4% milk
loss!奶量损失
行走移动指数3
P.H. Robinson, Ph.D., Dept. of Animal Science, UC Davis
DC - 321
Adapted from Sprecher et al., 1997. Theriogenology 47:1179
感染性
Infectious
Non-Infectious
非感染性
蹄 病 的 记 录
Number of events
200
多数为初产牛需要 注意育成牛的足浴 或喷蹄计划
只有定期在干奶时修 蹄,必须在产奶中期注 意第二次维持性修蹄
150
100
50
0
Days in Milk
产奶天数
Data from Aug 2007 through Nov 2008. 1,200 cow Holstein herd with 39 kg milk, 3.5% fat, 3.0% true protein. Freestalls bedded with composted manure solids. Take home messages: 1) high number of infectious claw lesion claw lesions in the first 30 DIM (often observed but needs attention) and 2) high number of non-infectious lesions are found when conducting dry-off trims (too many locomotion 3 cows going undetected during lactation).