过去分词作后置定语时

过去分词短语用作定语时，一般 皆置之于其所修饰的名词之后， 其意义相当于一个定语从句，但 较从句简洁，多用于口语中。
There were twenty or thirty monkeys huddled along the branches as still as statues. 有二三十个猴子蜷缩在树枝上，静如 雕像。
The general stared at him in startled admiration. 将军以惊讶而赞赏的眼光注视着他。
Attention
e.g. We asked two of China’s many talented journalists to tell us more about new. I want to write about people addicted to drugs.
-- I hear you and James are engaged at last.
-- Yes, we are. -- When are you gettinຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu married? -- In the spring. -- Oh, lovely. Where’s the
wedding going to be?
Past Participle as the Predicative
Example: But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people. Now find two more examples in the reading passage.
• 过去分词作定语：
1. 分词可以用作前置定语，此时， 分词和名词之间有两种语意关 系：一种是分词表示主动（但 时间上已经过去）；一种是分 词表被动。
He is a retired worker. 他是一个退休工人。
This is a newly-developed device. 这是一个新开发的工具。 2. 过去分词作后置定语时，其功 能相当于一个定语从句。
同学们，你们还记得在 Book 4 Unit 3 A taste of English humour 中有这样三个句子吗？ 1. Such training was common in acting families ... 2. He grew more and more popular as his charming character ... 3. The acting is so convincing that ...
He got interested in two theories explaining how cholera killed people.
Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.
Practice 1: Complete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.
过去分词短语有时亦可用作非限 制性定语，前后常有逗号。
Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a train.
他们当中有一些人，生长在农 村，从未见过火车。
用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转 移到修饰非人的事物，变成所谓的 转移形容语。这种过去分词在形式 上直接修饰人，但它所修饰的事物 仍与人直接有关。
Past Participle as the Attributive
Example: 1. So many thousands of terrified
people died. 2. He found that it came from the
river polluted by the dirty water from London.
Past Participle as
Past Participle as
an attribute
the predicative
1. terrified people 1. people who are terrified 2. reserved seats of
3. polluted water 2. seats which are reserved 4. a crowded room 3. water that is polluted
通过观察，我们不难发现第1、 2句是动词-ing形式作定语，且 放在被修饰的名词前面；第3句 是动词-ing形式作表语，放在be 动词的后面。今天我们要学习 与动词-ing形式相对应的过去分 词作定语和表语的用法。
• 过去分词作表语一般用来表示感受
或状态（系动词 + 过去分词） No wonder he is excited! (predictive) 可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有： delighted, disappointed, upset, astonished, excited, frightened, experienced, interested, qualified, puzzled, exhausted, satisfied
Trucks and buses were driven on gas carried in large bags on the roof. 卡车与公共汽车皆烧煤气，煤气是装 载车顶上的袋中。
Look at the dialogue and find the use of the past participle.
• When the past participle is a single word, where do you put, before the noun modified or after it? When the past participle is a phrase, where do you put?