小鼠解剖实验报告

小鼠解剖实验报告
篇一：实验动物学实验报告
实验动物学实验报告
一、实验动物：小鼠
二、操作流程：抓取，固定，编号，给药，取血，麻醉，绝育，解剖。

三、具体操作
1、抓取：抓取小鼠时，右手抓住小鼠尾巴，不要过于用力，以免惊吓小鼠。

左手从小鼠身体后部向前抓（以免小鼠向后缩咬伤自己），抓住小鼠颈部。

固定住小鼠后，将小鼠皮肤往上抓，尽量将小鼠背部皮肤抓住。

左手将小鼠腹部朝向自己，把小鼠尾巴用左手无名指和小指夹住，这时小鼠腹部皮肤紧绷，不能动弹。

2、固定：通常使用固定器进行固定。

将固定器拧开后，抓住小鼠尾巴，使其钻入固定器中，再将拧下的固定器部分装好，使小鼠尾部露出，再将可旋转的铁片固定住即可进行后续实验。

3、编号：编号方式有两种：①剪脚趾编号：把小鼠腹面朝上，在下的脚趾从左至右依次编为1~10号，剪10号脚趾加1~9号脚趾依次编为11~19号，在上的脚趾依次编为20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90号，其余编号与11~19号类似。

②打耳钉编号：耳钉上均有唯一编号，通过使用耳钉钳将耳
钉打在小鼠耳朵上即可。

实验时通常使用的是第一种方式进行编号，第二种编号通常用于需要长距离运输的动物。

4、给药：常用的给药方式有：
①口服给药：即灌胃。

将注射器装入药物溶液，装上灌胃针（灌胃针有直头和弯头两种，区别不大）。

如上所述，抓取小鼠后，使其头部朝上，尽量呈一直线，取灌胃针，从小鼠嘴角一侧缓缓插入（保持刻度在自己能看到的位置），顺着小鼠口腔食道的弧度让小鼠将针咽入，灌胃过程中如果遇到阻碍一定要及时拔出灌胃针，不可强行灌胃以免伤及小鼠食道以及肺部。

灌胃针顺利进入后基本与小鼠身体呈一条直线，注入适量体积后再顺着食道缓缓取出灌胃针。

②静脉注射：小鼠尾部有3条静脉和1条动脉，3条静脉非别位于背部，及两侧。

静脉注射时一般选取两侧静脉，因为其相对于背部静脉更为清晰饱满。

将小鼠固定后，用酒精擦拭其尾部静脉，使其充血，以便注射。

之后使注射器针孔处朝上，针与尾部呈约30°扎入尾部后向上轻挑，再向内扎入部分，此过程应该比较顺畅，没有阻碍，若阻碍较大则有可能扎入到了皮肤中。

扎入后将活塞向后回抽一点可见到有血回流，则说明成功扎入静脉当中，注射适当体积后迅速拔针，用酒精进行消毒。

5、取血：有断尾取血法和眼眶取血法两种。

本次实验使用的是眼眶取血法。

抓取小鼠，固定其头部用手指将其上
下眼睑分开，露出其眼球并且不能闭上。

用玻璃毛细管从其上眼角处扎入眼球后方毛细血管从，使血液顺着毛细管留下，取血完成后快速将毛细管取下。

6、麻醉：抓取老鼠，使其头部朝下，使其腹部脏器向胸腔靠拢，露出腹部空腔，以免刺伤脏器。

将注射器竖直扎入靠近后腿部腹腔，刺入之后稍微向前倾斜但不要向前刺入，一般注入0.5mL麻醉剂即可。

随后拔出针，方向小鼠，等待几分钟后即可麻醉。

7、绝育：绝育手术是通过剪除雌鼠卵巢或雄鼠输精管来实现的。

将麻醉的雌鼠背面朝上，从其胸腔和尾部之间向下三分之一处剪开一个小口，用镊子将其卵巢取出，上面呈现红色斑点的部分即为卵巢，用剪刀将这一部分剪除，然后用缝合针线将其缝合，缝合方法为将针穿过后，将线缠绕镊子两圈再逆时针缠绕两
圈，再重复缠绕一遍，将镊子夹住线头把缠绕的线移至线头系紧即可（缝合过程全程用镊子和剪刀操作），里面肌肉层以及外面皮层均需缝合。

雄鼠则从外生殖器向上1-2cm 处剪开小口，用镊子在其中找出输精管（较细长的乳白色小管），尽量多减掉一些，以免其长长愈合，以上述方法缝合伤口即可。

9、解剖：以颈椎脱臼法处死小鼠，使其腹面朝上。

用镊子将其腹部皮肤夹起，然后用剪刀剪开，观察各个器官所
在位置和形态，解剖完的小鼠放入尸体袋中。

篇二：小鼠解剖实验
小鼠的腹腔解剖试验
一、实验小鼠处死
二、小鼠体腔整体解剖
三、小鼠腹腔
Shiny surface of the organs is the visceral peritoneum; shiny lining the abdominal wall is the parietal peritoneum
四、小鼠横膈
The diaphragm is the thin muscular membrane below the heart and above the liver （second square from the top）
五、小鼠腹腔重要脏器一览
Ignore the top square (lung in thorax). From there down are the liver, stomach, spleen, left kidney, left seminal vesicle and the urinary bladder
From the left: liver, small intestine, large intestine, spleen, urinary bladder, left testis From the top: heart, diaphragm, gall bladder (between the right lateral and medial lobes of the liver), left medial lobe of liver), spleen, large
intestine
From the left: coiled oviduct, left uterine horn, left ovary above the left oviduct; note that the uterus is bicornuate（Female reproductive organs）
六、小鼠心脏和肺
Heart (ventricles) and left lung
Lungs inflated by blowing into nostrils
七、小鼠腹腔脏器相互关系简图
图一
图二
篇三：南方科技大学生物小鼠解剖英文实验报告
生物系实验报告
姓名班级学号实验日期实验名称Mouse Dissection 合作者指导教师成绩LAB 10: Mouse Dissection
Introduction:
In biomedical research, animal models are always regarded as indispensable tools. They contribute to the scientific discovery in biology and our understanding of the functions of individual genes, even the mechanism of different diseases. Typically, although mice are different from humankind in size and
appearance, they have a distinct genetic similarity. At the same time, mice have an efficient ability to reproduce, so they are important research tools for experiments in the lab.
In this experiment, we will exercise to dissect a mou
se, so that we can observe the inside of a mammalian body to identify the female and male mice. Learning and recognizing the anatomical structure of mice, including.
Materials and Methods:
Materials:
Operation plate, Scissor, Forceps, Alcohol cotton, Mouse.
Methods: [we get a male mouse]
Part 1: Observations of external features. Make a table T-1.
1． Having an overhead view, identify the mouse’s head, neck, truck, and tail; observe the dorsal and ventral surfaces. Roughly record what is seen.
2． Observe the thorax which is supported by the rib cage, and the abdomen, and the details of appendages
attached to the abdomen.
3． Find the mouth, two external nostrils, two external auditory canals, and anus, which are on the body surface.
4．Have a simply look at the surface of reproductive organ, prepuce, urethral and penis including. And locate the saclike scrotum; feel for the paired testes in the scrotum. Note the rough features.
Part 2: Observation of organs and structures inside the mouse. [Open the Ventral Body Cavities, Thoracic
Cavity, and Abdominopelvic Cavity in order. We must break the ribs near the attachment to the vertebral column to fold back the upper flaps.] Make a table T-2.
1. Ventral Body Cavities.
a. Make a longitudinal incision through the skin with a dissecting scissor, from the neck to the preputial opening. Pierce the body wall below the ribs, with the blades angled upward, so that it won’t damage the internal organs.
b. Pull the sides of the longitudinal incision, and look for the diaphragm. Then make two perpendicular
cuts through the body wall below the diaphragm. After this, cut the diaphragm
2. Thoracic Cavity.
a. After opening, observe the heart and cut the thymus away so that we can observe the heart clearly.
b. Make sure the location of lung, find the trachea and bronchus. Note the features in table T-2.
3. Abdominopelvic Cavity.
a. Observe the liver which is posterior to the diaphragm, look for the gallbladder.
b. Locate the stomach, and then examine the spleen. Note where the small intestine is, and look for the pancreas (can secrete insulin). Take photos and record the features.
c. Find the place where small intestine empties into large intestine. Observe the short rectum which is near to anus, and cecum.
d. Separate the esophagus, dorsal mesentery, and the descending portion of the large intestin
e. Give the urinary bladder.
e. Find two kidneys, and the urethra connected to
them, the ureter start from the central of kidney.
f. Examine the organs of the reproductive system. Use scissors to open the scrotum to expose the testis, and then find the coiled epididymis and vas deferens.
g. Roughly observe a mouse of the opposite sex.
Results:
Part 1: table T-1
As we can see, the blood vessels on the ear are apparent, and the penis is wrapped in prepuce. The saclike scrotum is outside the body, and is near to anus at the same time.
Part 2: table T-2
The thymus is important in the development of the immune defenses.
The bronchi can carry air from the trachea toward the lungs, during the process of inspiration. The small intestine is longest organ in the body, filling most of the Abdominopelvic cavity.
Pancreas produces enzymes for the digestion of food and, as a part of the endocrine system, it secretes insulin into the blood.
The system of female mouse is similar to male we
observe, except the reproductive organs.
Discussions:
Question 1: How to distinguish female and male mouse?
From the appearance of external genital organs, we can recognize them, the difference of penis
and vagina mouth is apparent. Besides, the female mouse has many visible nipples and the internal structures are also easy to distinguish.
Question 2: List some organs you are able to recognize in systems including circulatory, respiratory,
Respiratory system: lungs, trachea, bronchus.
Digestive system: stomach, spleen, pancreas, liver, gallbladder.
Urinary system: kidney, ureter, urinary bladder.
Reproductive system: penis, prepuce, saclike scrotum.
References:
Contribution statements:
%%% is responsible for recording the phenomena, when %%% operates the mouse, and %%% prepares the
materials needed.
Figures:
Mouth Head
Thorax Neck
Saclike
scrotum Ear
Anus
Foot
Tail
Figure 1-1 Figure 1-2 The view of the ventral surface the view of the dorsal surface (belly)(back) Diaphragm
Figure 2-1Figure 2-2Figure 2-3 The view of mouse after being The mouse after being openSome organs cut through the skin. the ventral body cavity.
Lung,4 pieces.
Thymus
Heart StomachTrachea.
Figure 2-4 Figure 2-4Figure 2-5 The view of Thoracic Cavity. The inside view of abdomen. The inside view of thorax.
Large
Intestine
Cecum Pancreas.
Spleen.
Small
Figure 2-6.intestine Figure 2-7
Intestines. Some organs of digestive system.。