精神科常见词汇-上海交通大学医学院精品课程

精神科常见词汇
总论
精神病学psychiatry
精神障碍mental disorder
精神健康mental health
医学心理学medical psychology
生物-心理-社会医学模式bio-psycho-social medical model 行为医学behavior medicine
心身医学psychosomatic medicine
心身疾病psychosomatic diseases
精神病理学psychopathology
感觉sensation
感觉障碍disorder of sensation
感觉过敏hyperesthesia
感觉减退hypoesthesia
内感性不适（体感异常）senestopathia
知觉perception
知觉障碍disturbance of perception
错觉illusion
幻觉hallucination
幻听auditory hallucination
幻视visual hallucination
幻嗅olfactory hallucination
幻味gustatory hallucination
幻触tactile hallucination
内脏幻觉visceral hallucination
真性幻觉genuine hallucination
假性幻觉pseudo-hallucination
机能性幻觉functional hallucination
反射性幻觉reflex hallucination
入睡前幻觉hypnagogic hallucination
心因性幻觉psychogenic hallucination
感知综合障碍psycho sensory disturbance
视物变形症metamorphopsia
视物显大症macropsia
视物显小症micropsia
思维thinking
思维障碍thinking disorder
思维形式障碍disorder of the thinking form
思维奔逸flight of thought
思维迟缓inhibition of thought
思维贫乏poverty of thought
思维散漫looseness of thought
思维破裂splitting of thought
词的杂拌word salad
思危不连贯incoherence of thought
病理性赘述circumstantiality
思维中断blocking of thought
思维插入thought insertion
强制性思维forced thinking
思维化声thought hearing
思维扩散diffusion of thought
思维被广播thought broadcasting
象征性思维symbolic thinking
词语新作neologism
逻辑倒错性思维paralogism thinking
强迫观念obsessive idea
思维内容障碍
妄想delusion
原发妄想primary delusion
继发妄想secondary delusion
被害妄想delusion of persecution
关系妄想delusion of reference
物理影响妄想delusion of physical influence 夸大妄想grandiose delusion
罪恶妄想delusion of guilty
疑病妄想hypochondriacal delusion
钟情妄想delusion of love
嫉妒妄想delusion of jealousy
被洞悉感（内心被揭露感）experience of being revealed 超价观念overvalued idea
注意attention
注意障碍disorder of attention
注意增强hyperprosexia
注意涣散aprosexia
注意减退hypoprosexia
注意转移transference of attention
注意狭窄narrowing of attention
记忆memory
记忆障碍disorder of memory
记忆增强hypermnesia
记忆减退hypomnesia
遗忘amnesia
顺行性遗忘anterograde amnesia
逆行性遗忘retrograde amnesia
界限性遗忘circumscribed amnesia
错构paramnesia
虚构confabulation
智能intelligence
精神发育迟滞mental retardation
痴呆dementia
假性痴呆pseudodementia
刚塞综合症Ganser syndrome
童样痴呆puerilism
抑郁性假性痴呆depressive pseudodementia 定向力orientation
定向障碍disorientation
情感affect
情绪emotion
心境mood
情感性质改变
情感高涨elation
情感低落depression
焦虑anxiety
恐惧phobia
情感稳定性改变
情感淡漠apathy
易激惹性irritability
情感不稳labile affect
情感协调性改变
情感倒错parathymia
情感幼稚
意志will
意志障碍disorder of will
意志增强hyperbulia
意志减弱hypobulia
意志缺乏abulia
犹豫不决hesitant
精神运动性兴奋psychomotor excitement 精神运动性抑制psychomotor inhibition
木僵stupor
蜡样屈曲cerea flexibility
缄默症mutism
违拗症negativism
主动性违拗active negativism
被动性违拗passive negativism
刻板动作stereotyped act
模仿动作echopraxia
作态mannerism
意识障碍
嗜睡drowsiness
意识浑浊confusion
昏睡sopor
昏迷coma
朦胧状态twilight state
谵妄状态delirium
梦样状态oneiroid state
自知力insight
面谈检查interview
各论
急性脑病综合症acute brain syndrome
慢性脑病综合症chronic brain syndrome
遗忘综合症amnesia syndrome
柯萨可夫综合症Korsakov’s syndrome
阿尔茨默病Alzheimer’s disease, AD
早老性痴呆presenile dementia
早发性痴呆dementia praecox
老年斑senile plaque, SP
神经元纤维缠结neurofibrillary tangles, NFT 血管性痴呆vascular dementia, VD
多发性梗塞性痴呆multi-infarct dementia, MID 外伤性精神混乱状态post-traumatic confusional state 脑外伤后遗忘post-traumatic amnesia, PTA 脑震荡综合症post-concussional syndrome
自动症epileptic automatisms
神游症fugue
精神分裂症schizophrenia
妄想性障碍delusional disorder
心境障碍mood disorder
情感性精神障碍affective disorder
双相障碍bipolar disorder
躁狂抑郁性精神病manic depressive psychosis
意念飘忽flight of idea
谵妄性躁狂delirious mania
抑郁性假性痴呆depressive pseudodementia
环性心境障碍cyclothymia
恶劣心境障碍disthymic disorder
神经症neuroses
意识consciousness
前意识preconsciousness
本我id
自我ego
超我superego
惊恐发作panic attack
焦虑症anxiety disorder
恐惧症phobia
抑郁depression
强迫症状obsession and compulsion
强迫观念obsessive idea
强迫意向obsessive intention
强迫行为compulsive behavior
疑病症状hypochondriacal symptom
疑病症hypochondriasis
广泛性焦虑障碍generalized anxiety symptom
惊恐障碍panic disorder
场所恐惧症agoraphobia
社交恐惧症social phobia
单一恐惧症simple phobia
躯体形式障碍somatoform disorders
躯体化障碍somatization disorders
慢性疲劳综合症chronic fatigue syndrome, CFS
癔症hysteria
应激stress
良性应激eustress
不良应激distress
应激源stressor
全身适应综合症general adaptation syndrome, GAS
创伤后应激障碍post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD
适应障碍adjustment disorder
心理因素相关障碍physiological disorder related to psychological factors 进食障碍eating disorder
神经性厌食anorexia nervosa
神经性贪食bulimia nervosa
失眠症insomnia
嗜睡症hypersomnia
睡行症sleep walking disorder
夜惊sleep terror
梦魇nightmare
性功能障碍sexual dysfunctional
性欲减退sexual hypoactivity
阳萎impotence
冷阴female failure of genital response
性乐高潮障碍orgasm disorder
早泄premature ejaculation
阴道痉挛vaginismus
性交疼痛dyspareunia
人格障碍personality disorder
偏执性人格障碍paranoid personality disorder
分裂性人格障碍schizoid personality disorder
反社会性人格障碍antisocial personality disorder
冲动性人格障碍impulsive personality disorder
表演性人格障碍histrionic personality disorder
强迫性人格障碍obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
焦虑性人格障碍anxious personality disorder
性心理障碍sexual deviatin
易性症transsexualism
恋物癖fetishism
异装癖transvestism
露阴癖exhibitionism
窥阴癖voyeurism
摩擦癖frotteurism
性施虐癖sadism
性受虐癖masochism
同性恋homosexuality
自杀suicide
自杀意念suicide idea
自杀未遂attempted suicide
自杀死亡committed suicide
类自杀parasuicide
蓄意自伤deliberate self-harm
自杀姿势suicide gesture
危机干预crisis intervention
精神发育迟滞mental retardation
智商intelligence quotient, IQ
儿童孤独症childhood autism
注意缺陷与多动障碍attention deficit and hyperactive disorder, ADHD 品行障碍conduct disorder
抽动障碍tic disorder
躯体治疗somatotherapy
精神药物psychotropic drugs
神经阻滞剂neuroleptics
抗精神病药物antipsychotics
抗抑郁药物antidepressants
心境稳定剂mood stabilizers
抗躁狂药物antimanic drugs
抗焦虑药物anxiolytic drugs
精神振奋药物psychostimulants
脑代谢药物nootropic drugs
急性肌张力障碍acute distonia
静坐不能akathisia
类帕金森症Parkinsonism
迟发性运动障碍tardive dyskinesia, TD
恶性综合症malignant syndrome
电抽搐治疗electric convulsive therapy, ECT 电休克治疗electrical shock therapy
心理治疗psychotherapy
个别治疗individual therapy
夫妻治疗couple therapy
家庭治疗family therapy
集体治疗group therapy
精神分析治疗psychoanalytic therapy
心理动力学治疗psychodynamic therapy
短程治疗brief therapy
行为-认知治疗behavioral-cognitive therapy
人本主义治疗humanistic therapy
系统治疗systemic therapy
依从性compliance
安慰剂效应placebo effect
治疗关系therapeutic relation
暗示suggestion。