现在完成时优秀课件

B.表示过去已经开始、持续到现在（也许还 会继续进行下去）动作或状态，常和表示一 段时间状语，如:today, these days, since…,for…,this month,now等连用。例 如:I have studied English for two years.
我学英语已经两年了。
6.I am not hungry.I ____just____(have) my dinner.
7.Don’t worry. The train____yet.
A.arrived B.won’t arrive C.hasn’t arrived
(3) 用法
Ａ表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在 造成的影响或结果。例如：
现在完成时优秀课件
现在完成时
(1) 构成:现在完成时由“have/has+ 动词的过去 分词”构成。
(2)
现在完成时的肯定式、否定式和疑问式
及简单回答形式（以动词study为例）：
(3)
肯定式：I （You）have studied.
(4)
He(She, It) has studied.
(5)
We(You,They) have studied.
She has been back for two years.(正）
She has come back for two years（误）
终止性动词完成时的否定式表示一种否定状态是可以延续的， 所以其否定式可以和段时间状语连用。
如：I haven’t seen him for ages.我好久没见到他了。 （现在仍没见到他）
助动词have (has) + 动词的过去分词 注：has 用于第三人称单数，have 用于其他所有 人称。规则动词的过去分词变化与过去式相同， 不规则变化则须单独记忆。
1. 现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在 造成的影响或结果。(汉语中常用“已经”、“过”、 “了”等表达）通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词 just，already, before, yet, never, ever 等状语连用。例如：
Just now,when I came in等连用。但可以和一 些不确定的时间状语，如already,yet
Sometimes,often,before,lately,once,never, Just,ever 等连用；也可以和包括现在在内的 时间状语，如this morning, today, this Week, this year等连用。例如 She has already come.她已经来了。 I haven’t read it yet.我还没有读过这个 Have you ever seen each other before?你们 见过面吗？
① I have never heard of that before. ② Have you ever ridden a horse? ③ She has already finished the work. ④ Have you milked the cow yet? Yes, I have done that already. ⑤ I’ve just lost my math book.
(6)
否定式I(You) have not/haven’t studied.
(7)
studied.
He(She,It)has not/hasn’t
We(You,They) have not/ haven’t studied.
疑问式：Have I( you ) studied?
Yes, you (I) have./No,you (I) haven’t.
你还记得过去式吗？
请用两个单词分别写现在完成时的肯定句，否 定句和疑问句。
I have written my postcard. I haven’t written my postcard. Have you written your postcard? Yes, I have. / No,I haven’t.
They have lived in Beijing since 1980.
他们自１９８０年就一直住在北京。
We’ve known each other since we were children.我们从小就认识。
英语的行为动词大体可以分为两大类型：一是延续性的动词， 二是终止性动词。延续行动词是指那些动作意义不会一下 完成，而是可以延续、发展的动词。如： work,read,write,study等。这些动词的完成时可以和段时间状 语连用。终止性动词是指那些动作一次完成，不能延续的 动词。如：come, go, buy, die, join, begin等。这些动词的肯 定式不能和段时间状语连用。在Ｂ用法中要用延续性动词 代替终止性动词。
I have opened the window.我已经把窗户打 开了。（窗户是开着的）
The concert has started.音乐会已经开始 （音乐会现在在进行）
They have gone to Shanghai.他们已去上海 了（他们不在这里）
现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语，如 yesterday,last year,in 1980,three days ago
1The room is cold。Who——————（open） the window？
2 He———（go）to the cinema。 3 —you——（put）away my dictionary?
4.We________(not finish) the work yet.
5.I________(see) the play. I _____(see) it last month with my sister.
Has he (she,it) studied?
Yes,he(she,it) has.／No,he(she,it) hasn’t.
Have we(you,they) studied?
Yes, you (we,they) have.
No,you (we,they) haven’t.
(2)动词的过去分词：规则与不规则