人力资源专业英语汇编

Chapter 1The Strategic Role of Human Resource Management (Ⅰ)人力资源管理战略作用●Ⅰ、Strategic Overview战略概述●Ⅱ、Study Goals学习目标●Ⅲ、The Manager’s Human Resource Management Jobs管理者的人力资源管理工作●Ⅳ、Why Is HR Management Important to All Managers?为什么人力资源管理对所有的管理人员是重要的Ⅰ、Strategic Overview战略概述The headline said it all: “Despite plummeting profit margins（标题说：尽管利润率快速下降）, Dell Computer Corp. has no intention of backing off from an aggressive PC pricing strategy initiated earlier this year.”（戴尔计算机公司不打算背弃今年早些时候发起的激进的PC定价策略）The first few years of the 21st century had thrown the (PC) industry for a loop.（21世纪的前几年已经使PC为一个环工业）To maintain its new position as the world’s number one personal computer maker（为了维持作为世界第一大个人电脑制造商的新位置）, Dell’s average price per computer fell to about $2,000 in the first quarter of 2001, from about $2,300 the year before（戴尔每台计算机的平均价在2001年第一季度下降至2000美元，从一年前的约2300美元）. Its profit margin fell from 21% to 18%（它的利润率从21%下降到18%）. The only way it could keep that 18% margin intact while cutting prices was to find new ways to slash costs（唯一的方法可以保持18%利润率完整而降价就是寻找到新的方法来削减成本）. For a company that had always pursued a low-cost leader strategy, doing so wouldn’t be easy. （一个公司总是追求低成本领先战略，这样做并不容易）How could Dell cut costs from an already lean operation（精简的运营环节）（戴尔公司应该怎样从已经精简的运营环节削减成本）? The firm’s HR managers had to decide what they could do to support Dell’s new cost-cutting efforts（新的成本削减努力）.（该公司的人力资源管理者必须决定他们可以做什么来支持戴尔公司新的成本削减努力）The purpose of this chapter is to explain what human resource management is and the plan of this book（本章的目的是解释什么是人力资源管理和本书的计划）. We’ll see that HR management—activities like recruiting, hiring, training, compensation, appraising, and developing employees —is part of every manager’s job（我们会看到，人力资源管理活动是每个管理者工作的一部分，如招聘，雇用，培训，薪酬，考核，和开发雇员）. And we’ll see that it is also a separate “staff” function（一种独立的“人事”职能）, and that the HR manager assists all managers in many important ways. （我们也会看到，它也是一个独立的“人事”职能，和人力资源管理者在许多重要方面协助所有管理者）The main topics we’ll cover are the manager’s human resource management jobs, strategi c planning and important strategic trends, and HR’s strategic role in formulating and executing the company’s strategy（我们将涵盖的主要议题是管理者的人力资源管理工作，战略规划和重要的战略趋势，以及在制定和实施公司战略的人力资源管理的战略作用）. The following chapter completes the introductory part of the book and provides you with the knowledge you’ll need to deal effectively with equal employment opportunity questions on the job.（接下来的一章完成这本书的介绍部分，和为你提供你需要有效地处理工作上的平等就业机会问题的知识）Ⅱ、Study goals（学习目标）After studying this chapter you should be able to:（学完这章后，你应该能够） Explain what human resource management (HR) is and how it relates to the management process.（解释什么是人力资源管理（人力资源）和它涉及如何管理的过程）Give at least eight examples of how managers can use HR concepts and techniques（概念和技巧）.（给出至少八个管理者如何使用人力资源概念和技巧的例子）Illustrate HR’s role in formulating and executing company strategy.（举例说明人力资源在制定和实施公司战略的作用）Ⅲ、The Manager’s Human Resource Management Jobs（管理者的人力资源管理工作）Most writers（学者）agree that there are certain basic functions all mangers perform（大多数学者同意所有的管理者工作都有一些基本的职能）. These are planning, organizing, staffing, leading, and controlling（这些是计划，组织，人员配备，领导和控制）. In total, they represent what mangers call the management process (The five basic functions of planning, organizing, staffing, leading, and controlling.)（总的来说，他们代表管理者所说的管理过程（五个基本职能，计划，组织，人员配备，领导和控制））. Some of the specific activities involved in each function include:（每一职能涉及一些具体活动包括）Planning（计划）Establishing goals and standards（建立目标和战略）Developing rules and procedures（制定规则和程序）Developing plans and forecasting（制定计划和预测）Organizing（组织）Giving each subordinate a specific task（给每一个下属一个特定的任务）Establishing departments（建立部门）Delegating authority to subordinates（权力下放给下属）Establishing channels of authority and communication（建立权利与沟通渠道）Coordinating the work of subordinates（协调下属工作）Staffing（人事）Determining what type of people should be hired（确定应该雇用什么类型的人）Recruiting prospective employees（招聘未来员工）Selecting employees（选择员工）Setting performance standards（设定绩效标准）Compensating employees（补偿员工）Evaluating performance（绩效评估）Counseling employees（辅导雇员）Training and developing employees（员工培训与开发）Leading（领导）Getting others to get the job done（让他人完成工作）Maintaining morale（保持士气）Motivating subordinates（激励下属）Controlling（控制）Setting standards such as sales quotas, quality standards, orproduction levels (制定标准，如销售配额，质量标准，或生产水平) Checking to see how actual performance compares with these standards;（查看实际表现如何与这些标准相比）Taking corrective action as needed. （根据需要采取纠正行动）We are going to focus on one of these functions in this book - the staffing, personnel management, or (as it’s usually called today) the human resource management (HRM) function.（在这本书中，我们将关注这些功能之一，人员、人事管理或者（因为它今天通常被称为）人力资源管理（HRM）功能）Human resource management is the process of acquiring, training, appraising, and compensating employees, and attending to their labor relations, health and safety, and fairness concerns（人力资源管理是获取，培训，评估和补偿雇员，并参加他们劳动关系，健康和安全，公平问题的过程）. The topics we’ll discuss should therefore provide you with the concepts and techniques you need to carry out the “people” or personnel aspects of your management job.（因此我们将讨论的主题应该为你提供你需进行“人”或人事方面的管理工作所需的概念和技术）These include:（这些包括）Conducting job analyses（进行工作分析）(determining the nature of each employee’s job)（确定每个雇员的工作性质）Planning labor needs and recruiting job candidates（规划劳动力需求和招募求职者）Selecting job candidates（甄选候选人）Orienting and training new employees（配置和培训新雇员）Managing wages and salaries（管理工资和薪金）(compensating employees)（补偿雇员）Providing incentives and benefits （提供奖金和福利）Appraising performance（绩效评估）Communicating（进行沟通）(interviewing, counseling, disciplining)（面谈，提供咨询，进行纪律惩戒） Training and developing managers（培训和开发管理者）Building employee commitment （培养雇员奉献精神）And what a manager should know about:（一个管理者应该知道什么）Equal opportunity and affirmative action（公平就业机会和积极地反歧视行为）Employee health and safety（雇员的健康和安全）Handling grievances and labor relations处理申诉和劳资关系问题Core Words and Expressions核心词汇●HRM (Human Resource Management)人力资源管理●asset 资产●productive 多产的；有成效的●mission 使命●administrative 行政的●strategic 战略的●operational 操作的●tactical 战术的●factor of production 生产要素●physical resources 物质资源●financial resources财务资源●competitive advantage 竞争优势●performance 绩效，业绩●philosophy 理念●paid staff 支薪员工（受薪人员）●motivate激励●retain留住●layers of management 管理层级●orient（使）适应，（使）定位●evaluate 评估●compensation补偿，酬劳●benefits福利●promote 提升●turnover（人员）流失●job analysis 工作分析●job design工作设计●job descriptions 工作描述●lay off（使）下岗，临时解聘●layoff 下岗人员●recruitment 招聘●selection 筛选、甄选●performance management 绩效管理●work-life balance 工作与生活的平衡●diversity 多样性●commitment 承诺（员工对组织的归属感和奉献）●human capital 人力资本●intellectual capital 智力资本●knowledge worker 知识工作者●Ⅳ、Why is HR management important to all managers?（为什么人力资源管理对所有的管理人员是重要的）Why are these concepts and techniques important to all managers?（为什么这些概念和技术对所有的管理者来说是重要的）Perhaps it’s easier to answer this by listing some of the personnel mistakes you don’t want to make while managing.（也许这是很容易回答的，通过列举在管理过程中你不想犯的一些人员错误）For example, you don’t want to:（例如，你不想）Hire the wrong person for the job（雇用不合适的人来从事某项工作） Experience high turnover（遭受很高的员工流失率）Find your people not doing their best（发现米的下属工作不尽其全力） Waste time with useless interviews（在无效的面谈上浪费时间）Have your company taken to court because of discriminatory actions由于采取了歧视性行为而使企业被诉诸法庭Have your company cited under federal occupational safety laws forunsafe practices由于存在不安全的工作状况使企业违反联邦政府职业安全法而被传讯Have some employees think their salaries are unfair and inequitable relative to others in the organization（与组织中的其它人相比，雇员感到自己的薪资是不公平和不公正的）Allow a lack of training to undermine your department’s effectiveness （由于对雇员培训不足而导致本部门的效益受损）Commit any unfair labor practices（出现任何不公正的劳资行为）Carefully studying this book will help you avoid like these（仔细研读这本书将帮助你避免这些）. And, more important, it can help ensure that you get the right results（而且，更重要的是，它可以帮助确保你得到正确的结论）. Remember, you can do everything else right as a manager（记住，作为一个管理者，你可以做的一切权利）– lay brilliant plans（制定合理计划）, draw clear organization charts（勾勒清晰的组织结构图）, set up modern assembly lines（建立现代化生产流水线）, and use sophisticated accounting controls（运用复杂的财务控制系统）– but still fail as a manager by hiring the wrong people or by not motivating subordinates, for instance（但仍然是失败的，例如作为管理者雇用错误的人或没有激励下属）. On the other hand, many managers –presidents, generals, governors, supervisors –have been successful even with inadequate plans, organization, or controls（另一方面，许多管理者-主席，总经理，部门经理，主管，取得成功即使不充分的计划，组织或控制）. They were successful because they had the knack of hiring the right people for the right jobs and motivating, appraising, and developing them（他们成功是因为他们已经掌握了为合适的工作雇用合适的人员和激励，评价和开发他们的技能）. Remember as you read this book that getting results is the bottom line of managing, and that, as a manager, you will have to get those results through people（记住，当你读这本书，得到的结果是管理的底线，作为一个管理者，你将不得不通过人来得到那些结果）. As one company president summed up:（正如一位公司总裁总结的）For many years it has been said that capital is the bottleneck for a developingindustry（多年来一直说，资本是一个行业发展的瓶颈）. I don’t think this any longer holds true（我认为这不再是正确的了）. I think it’s the work force and the company’s inability to recruit and maintain a good work force that does constitute the bottleneck for production（我认为它是劳动力和公司没有能力招聘和维持一支优秀的雇员队伍，并构成生产的瓶颈）. I don’t know of any major project backed by good ideas, vigor, and enthusiasm that has been stopped by a shortage of cash（我不知道以完美的思路，充沛的精力和真诚的热情为后盾的任何重大项目已由资金短缺而暂停）. I do know of industries whose growth has been partly stopped or hampered because they can’t maintain an efficient and enthusiastic labor force, and I think this will hold true even more in the future……（我知道行业的增长部分停止或阻碍，因为他们不能维持一个高效率和从满热情的劳动力队伍，而且我认为这一结论的正确性在未来会变得越来越明显）Glossary(专业词汇)⏹profit margin:利润率⏹an aggressive PC pricing strategy:进攻型个人电脑定价战略⏹average price：平均价格⏹ a low-cost leader strategy:低成本领导战略⏹lean operation:非常精简的运营环节⏹ a separate “staff” function:独立的人事职能⏹strategic planning and strategic trends:战略规划与战略趋势⏹management process:管理过程⏹delegating authority :授权⏹authority channels :权利链条⏹taking corrective action ：采取纠正行为⏹the staffing, personnel management: 职能性的人事管理⏹human resource management:人力资源管理⏹job analysis ：职位分析（工作分析）⏹planning labor needs ：规划劳动力需求⏹recruiting job candidates :招募求职者⏹⏹orienting new employees :配置新雇员⏹managing wages and salaries :管理工资和薪金⏹⏹providing incentives and benefits ：提供奖金和福利⏹building employee commitment :培养员工献身精神⏹⏹affirmative action :积极的反歧视行为⏹⏹handling grievances and labor relations ：处理申诉与劳资关系问题⏹⏹high turnover :高流失率⏹discriminatory actions :歧视性行为⏹federal occupational safety laws :联邦政府职业安全法⏹⏹unfair and inequitable ：不公平的或不公正的⏹⏹ a lack of training :培训不足⏹⏹lay brilliant plans :制定合理的规划⏹draw clear organization charts :勾画清晰的组织图⏹set up modern assembly lines:装配现代化的生产流水线⏹use sophisticated accounting controls: 运用复杂的财务控制系统⏹president, general, governor, supervisor:总裁，总经理，部门经理，主管人员⏹federal occupational safety laws :联邦政府职业安全法⏹⏹formulating and executing the company’s strategy：制定和执行公司战略⏹⏹equal employment opportunity：公平就业机会。