人教新课标高中英语选修8第二单元 Book 8 Unit 2 Cloning 学案含答案
Unit 2 Cloning （Book 8）
Period 1 Reading Cloning: Where is it leading us?
Class：Name：__________ Group：No：______
Learning Objectives:
1. Learn the useful new words and expressions.
2. Read the passage and learn some information about cloning.
Learning Key Points:
1. Grasp the important words and expressions in the reading material.
2. Learn the text and master the major uses of cloning and the success and problem of cloning Dolly the sheep.
Learning Difficult Points:
1.Help Ss improve th e students’ reading ability.
2. Ss learn the reading skills: scanning and skimming.
I.【Pre-class homework】
Scan the text and choose the best answer.
1. The main idea of the text is _____________.
A. animal cloning is very valuable and can benefit the world
B. animal cloning could be misused by bad people so it must be forbidden
C. animal cloning is well developed because Dolly the sheep was born
D. animal cloning raised arguments and scientists are not sure about its future
2. Which of the following statements about cloning is NOT true according to the text?
A. Cloning is something that has been developed quite recently.
B. Twains that look exactly the same are originally from the same egg.
C. Cloning is used by gardeners to make more money.
D. Animal cloning is much more difficult than plant cloning.
3. The lamb is the clone of the cell from sheep B because ______________.
A. it provides the egg cell
B. it gives birth to the lamb
C. it provides the nucleus
D. it is a female sheep
4. Which of the following is NOT a problem or danger of cloning mentioned in the text?
A. Evil leaders may want to clone themselves.
B. Animal clones may develop the illness of older animals and may die younger than the
donor animals.
C. There are moral objections to cloning human beings.
D. Too much cloning may lead to the destruction of the balance of nature.
5. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of cloning ?
A. Cloning can be used for medical purposes.
B. Large quantities of food can be produced by cloning.
C. Famous persons who have passed away can be cloned.
D. Cloning can help keep animals from becoming extinct.
6. We can infer from the last three paragraphs that _____________.
A. The normal development of Dolly had no effect on the cloning of other species.
B. Dolly’s serious disease and final death disturbed everyone in the world.
C. Dolly successfully cloned a new lamb with the help of cloning scientists.
D. There were arguments about animal cloning and concerns about the future of cloning.
7. What is the writer’s attitude toward cloning in the passage?
A. The writer is against cloning.
B. The writer is in favour of cloning.
C. The writer does not state any personal opinion about cloning .
D. The writer is in agreement with cloning .
II.【While-class】Array Step1. Lead-in
Step2. Group discussion
Step3. Consolidation
Read the text carefully and answer the following questions.
1. How many major uses does cloning have?
_____________________________________________________________
2. What is used in the procedure for cloning Dolly the sheep?
________________________________________________
3. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
4. Find out the main idea of each paragraph:
Para.1:___________________________________________________________ Para.2:___________________________________________________________ Para.3:___________________________________________________________ Para.4:___________________________________________________________ Para.5:___________________________________________________________ 5. Read the text again and fill in the blanks.
Cloning is a way of making an 1._____________ (exactly) copy of another animal or plant. It has two major uses .2. ____________, gardeners use it to earn profits. Secondly, it is valuable for research on new plant species and 3.____________ medical research on animals. Although cloning mammals is difficult 4.___________ (undertake), the determination and patience of the scientists 5.____________ (pay) off in 2019. The fact 6.___________ she seemed to develop normally was very 7._______________(encourage). But she had half of the 8.________________ (long) of the original sheep, 9.____________ arose scientists’concern. Up to now, cloning is still 10. _________________ (controversy).
Keys:
【Pre-class homework】
1.D
2.A
3.C
4.D
5.C
6.D
7.C
Step3. Consolidation
1. It has two major uses. Firstly, gardeners use it all the time to produce commercial
quantities of plants. Secondly, it is valuable for research on new plant species and for
medical research on animals.
2. The nucleus of sheep B.
3. Some governments will permit research into human cloning with aim of me dical aid.
4. Para.1: The definition of cloning
Para.2: The two major uses of cloning
Para.3: The problems of Dolly the sheep
Para.4：The attitudes towards Dolly’s appearance
Para 5: The effect of cloning in society
5. Fill in the blanks
1.exact
2. Firstly,
3. For
4. to undertake. 5, paid 6,that 7. encouraging 8. length
9, which 10, controversial
Unit 2 Cloning （Book 8）
Period 2 Language points in Reading 1
Class：Name：__________ Group：No：______ Learning Objectives:
1. Learn and grasp the important useful new words and expressions.
2. Learn the important useful sentences and patterns.
3. Make sentences after the useful expressions.
Learning Key Points:
Grasp the usages of such important new words and expressions.
Learning Difficult Points:
Understand some difficult and long sentences.
Learning Procedures: ArrayⅠ.【Pre-class homework】
A. Phrases:
1. 与……不同11. 对……产生影响
2．一项难以承担的任务12. 媒体
3．得到回报13. 变得有争议的
4．一方面……另一方面……14. 打开眼界
5. 令人感到不安的消息15. 邪恶头目
6．沮丧，不愉快16. 道德问题
7. 适合于17. 变得谨慎的
8. 无法控制的命运18. 收集证据
9. 改进19. 赞成
10. 一阵强烈的反对20. 反对
B. Make sentences.
1. differ
___________________________________________________________________________ 2. object
___________________________________________________________________________ 3. pay off
___________________________________________________________________________
4. bother
5. vain
___________________________________________________________________________
6. obtain
___________________________________________________________________________ 7. cast down
___________________________________________________________________________
8. be bound to …
___________________________________________________________________________
Ⅱ.【While-class】Array Step1. Lead-in
Step2. Group discussion
Step3．Consolidation
Sentences
1. Cloning plants is straightforward while cloning animals is very complicated.
翻译：____________________________________________________________________
(1) 中译英：中国人喜欢红色，而西方人则偏爱白色。
________________________________________________________________________
【比较】while 和but
(2) This TV is of high quality, ____________ it’s too expensive.
(3) This TV is of high quality, ____________ that one is much cheaper. Which one should
I choose?
2. It is a difficult task to undertake.
翻译：___________________________________________________________
中译英: (1) 这个房间住起来很舒服。
________________________________________________________________
(2) 你认为这水喝起来安全吗？
________________________________________________________________
(3) 我们可担当这项工作令我们的父母很欣慰。
________________________________________________________________.
3. Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.
翻译：___________________________________________________________________ 中译英：(1) 所有学生冲了了出去。(out)
_____________________________________________________________
(2) 上课铃声响了。(there)
_____________________________________________________________
(3) 最令人激动的时刻到了。(finally)
_____________________________________________________________
4. Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning.
翻译：____________________________________________________________________ 中译英：(1) 此处禁止吸烟。
______________________________________________________________
(2) 法律禁止在此处进行修建。
(3) 他的父母禁止他再喝酒。
Ⅰ. Phrases
1.differ from 11. have an impact on
2. a difficult task to undertake 12. the media
3.pay off 13. become controversial
4.on the one hand… on the other hand 14. open one’s eyes
5.the disturbing news 15. evil leaders
6.cast down 16. moral questions
7.be appropriate to 17. become conservative
8.the arbitrary fate 18. accumulate evidence
9.make corrections 19. (be) in favour of
10.a storm of objections 20. (be) against / object to
B. sentences:
Ⅱ. Sentences
1. 翻译：克隆植物简单，而克隆动物就非常复杂了。
(1) 中译英：中国人喜欢红色，而西方人则偏爱白色。
Chinese people love the red color while westerners prefer white.
【比较】while 和but
(2) This TV is of high quality, but it’s too expensive.
(3) This TV is of high quality, while that one is much cheaper.
2 翻译：这是一项难以承担的任务.
中译英: (1) 这个房间住起来很舒服。
The room is comfortable to live in.
(2) 你认为这水喝起来安全吗？
Do you think the water is safe to drink?
(3) That we can undertake the job made our parents very pleased.
3. 翻译：接着传来了令人不安的消息，多莉病重了。
中译英：(1) Out rushed all the students.
(2) There goes the bell.
(3) Finally came the exciting moment.
4.翻译：有些（政府）开始改革法律体系并禁止对人类克隆的研究。
中译英：(1) Smoking is forbidden here.
(2) The law forbids building here.
(3) His parents forbade his drinking again. /
His parents forbade him drinking again.
/ His parents forbade him to drink again. /
His parents forbade him from drinking again.
Unit 2 Cloning （Book 8）
Period 3 Grammar: the Appositive
Class：Name：__________ Group：No：______ Learning Objectives:
1. Ss learn and master the Appositive
2. Ss use the structure correctly and properly according to the context.
Learning Key Points:
Learn about the use of the Appositive
Learning Difficult Points:
Ss grasp the skills needed to use the Appositive
Learning Procedures:
Ⅰ.【Pre-class homework】
Ⅰ. 请划出下列句子中的同位语。
1.George Bush, the former American president, was the governor of the state of Texas.
2.He enjoys the exercise, swimming in winter.
3.There is one thing he will never do—tell lies.
4.He, short and thin, is unfit for the job.
5.As the head of the company, he had to explain what had happened.
6.You have yet to answer my question whether you can lend me your bike.
Ⅱ. 请从课文中找出含有同位语的句子。(用红线划出)
Ⅲ. 请用正确的连接词填空
1.对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。
They were all very much worried over the fact ______ you were sick.
2.德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。
Early in the day came the news ______ Germany had declared war on Russia.
3.我不知道他是否来。
I have no idea ______ he’ll come or not.
4.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。
The question ______ should do the work requires consideration.
5.什么时候去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。
We haven't yet settled the question ______ we are going to spend our summer vacation. 6.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题
It is a question ______ he did it.
7. 他总是问他自己接下来做什么的问题。
He always asks himself the question ________ is to be done next.
8. 在这么短的时间里，从哪里得到这么多的钱仍旧是个问题。
It remains a question______ we can get so much money in such a short time.
9. 医生做了很多努力来减少这个病人对于死与这个疾病的恐惧。
The doctor did a lot to reduce the patient’s fear ______ he would die of the disease.
10. 他突然想到敌人可能已经逃出城了。
The thought came to him ___________ maybe the enemy had fled the city.
语法归纳:
1. 引导同位语从句的连接词有：
___________________________________________________________________________ 2. 同位语从句常说明的抽象名词有：
___________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________
Step1. Lead-in
Step2. Group discussion
Step3．Consolidation
A. 单项对比填空，并区分同位语从句与定语从句。
1．(1) As to his being late, she seemed not satisfied with his reason ________ he got up too late.
(2) The reason ________ he was late was that he got up late.
(3) The reason ________ he gave for his delay was not accepted.
2. (1) The problem ________ we are facing now is how we can raise so much money.
(2) The question ________ he is sure to win the game is hard to answer.
3. (1) The order _________ the officer gave was to attack the enemy at once.
(2) The officer gave the order _______ the soldiers should attack the enemy at once.
4. The assistant put forward a suggestion, _________ was turned downed by the manager. The suggestion ________ we learn a third foreign language was very practical.
B. 单项选择：
( ) 5. She heard a terrible noise , brought her heart into her mouth .
A. it
B. which
C. this
D. that
( ) 6. I can’t stand the terrible noise she is crying loudly.
A. it
B. which
C. this
D. that
( ) 7. Information has been put forward more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.
A. while
B. when
C.as
D. that
( ) 8. Several years later, Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them.
A. a word came that
B. word came that
C. words came that
D. word came which
( ) 9. There is a feeling in me we’ll never know what a UFO is—not ever .
A. what
B. which
C. of which
D. that
( ) 10. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars road conditions need .
A. that; to be improved
B. which ; to be improved
C. where; to be improved
D. when ; improving
C.根据中文意思补充句子。
11.The belief is shared by many people .(lead)
许多人相信条条大路通罗马。
12.China is no longer .(used)
中国不再是过去的中国。
13.众所周知，地球绕着太阳转。（用多种方法译成英语）
①The truth is known to us all .
②We all know .
③known to us all that .
④known to us all , .
⑤known to us all is .
D. 用同位语从句翻译下列句子。
14. Mike 承诺说他会承担这项任务。(promise, undertake)
15．对于是否允许进行克隆人的实验有一个激烈的争论。(debate)
16. 大多数人持有严禁克隆人的观点。(view, forbid)
17. 科学家们也不知道克隆人将在什么时候诞生。(idea)
E. 短文改错
Today is June 26th. We are having a discussion if we will stay at home or go out for a trip as the summer holiday was drawing near. Some of us are for favour of staying at home. Their view is it’s both convenient and comfort. What’s more, they can save money for other purposes. But that they will lose is the chance of getting to know the outside world however, others prefer to go out for travelling since it can increase his knowledge and broaden their horizons. But maybe they’ll meet many difficulty and spend more money while travel. Personally, I think it would be much better to stay at home, for I can do that what I like, such as reading books, watching TV and helping my parents with some housework.
Keys:
Ⅰ. 请划出下列句子中的同位语。
1.George Bush, the former American president, was the governor of the state of Texas.
2.He enjoys the exercise, swimming in winter.
3.There is one thing he will never do—tell lies.
4.He, short and thin, is unfit for the job.
5.As the head of the company, he had to explain what had happened.
6.You have yet to answer my question whether you can lend me your bike.
Ⅱ. 请从课文中找出含有同位语的句子。
1.But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 2019 with a
breakthrough—the cloning of Dolly the sheep.
2.The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.
3.Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.
4.Altogether Dolly lived six and a half years, half the length of the life of the original sheep. Ⅲ. 请用正确的连接词填空
1.They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.
2.Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.
3.I have no idea whether he’ll come or not.
4.The question who should do the work requires consideration.
5 We haven't yet settled the question when we are going to spend our summer vacation.
6.It is a question how he did it.
7. He always asks himself the question what is to be done next.
8. It remains a question where we can get so much money in such a short time.
9. The doctor did a lot to reduce the patient’s fear that he would die of the disease.
10. The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.
语法归纳:
1. 引导同位语从句的连接词有：that, whether, what, which, who, when, where, why, how 等。
2. 同位语从句常修饰的抽象名词有：fact, idea, news, help, thought, belief, doubt, question,
answer, rumour, wish, promise, report, suggestion, conclusion, hope, truth, problem, information, word 等。
Ⅱ.【While-class】
Step1. Lead-in
A. 单项对比填空，并区分同位语从句与定语从句。
1．(1) As to his being late, she seemed not satisfied with his reason that he got up too late.
(2) The reason why he was late was that he got up late.
(3) The reason that / which he gave for his delay was not accepted.
2. (1) The problem that / which we are facing now is how we can raise so much money.
(2) The question whether he is sure to win the game is hard to answer.
3. (1) The order that / which the officer gave was to attack the enemy at once.
(2) The officer gave the order that the soldiers should attack the enemy at once.
4. The assistant put forward a suggestion, which was turned downed by the manager.
The suggestion that we learn a third foreign language was very practical.
B. 单项选择
5.B
6. D
7. D 1
8. B
9. A 10.A
C.
11. that all roads lead to Rome
12. she/it used to be
13. ①that the earth turns around the sun
②(that) the earth turns around the sun
③It’s , the earth turns around the sun
④As is , the earth turns around the sun
⑤What is , that the earth turns around the sun
D 用同位语从句翻译下列句子。
14 Mike 承诺说他会承担这项任务。(undertake)
Mike made a promise that he would undertake the task.
15．对于是否允许进行克隆人的实验有一个激烈的争论。(debate)
There is a fierce debate whether human cloning experiments should be allowed.
16. 大多数人持有严禁克隆人的观点。(forbid)
The majority of people hold the view that human must be strictly forbidden cloning.
17. 科学家们也不知道克隆人将在什么时候诞生。(idea)
Scientists also have no idea when human clones will be born.
E. 短文改错
Today is June 26th. We are having a discussion if we will stay at home or go out for a trip
whether
as the summer holiday was drawing near. Some of us are for favour of staying at home. Their
is in
view is ∧it’s both convenient and comfort. What’s more, they can save money for other that comfortable
purposes. But that they will lose is the chance of getting to know the outside world however, what
others prefer to go out for travelling since it can increase his knowledge and broaden their
their
horizons. But maybe they ’ll meet many difficulty and spend more money while travel. difficulties travelling
Personally, I think it would be much better to stay at home, for I can do that what I like, such as reading books, watching TV and helping my parents with some housework.
Unit 2 Cloning （Book 8）
Period 4 Writing
Class ： Name ： __________ Group ： No ：______ Learning Objectives:
Be able to know more about how to express their own opinions.
Be able to know how to improve the writing.
Learning Difficult Points:
Develop the writing ability.
Learning Procedures: I. Pre- class home work:
范文赏析
最近你在某网站有一篇抨击克隆技术的文章，文章作者认为克隆是残忍的，而你并不赞同此观点。请你写一篇英语短文作为评论反对此观点。主要内容包括：
1. 你的观点；
2. 你的理由。
Cloning has always been a controversial topic since it was brought up. There is no doubt that some people are against it, thinking it ’s cruel, but I believe that cloning benefits our society.
For example, if a couple can ’t have children, cloning can help give them a child. Besides, cloning enables endangered species t increase their population, preventing some species from dying out. What ’s more, cloning can be used to find cure for fatal diseases.
In a word, cloning is not cruel at all. On the contrary, it can help us in many aspects. I believe if we make good use of cloning, we can benefit greatly from it.
A) 范文中的经典词句:|
好词：
_______________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
B) 好句：
____________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 句型训练：
1. Frankly, my suggestion is that we leave as soon as possible. （画线部分同义转换） ____________________________________________________________________
(完整版)新课标人教版高中英语选修6单词-中文
选修六 Unit 1 1.adj. 现实主义的；逼真的；现实的 2.adj. 抽象的；深奥的n. 摘要 3.n. 雕塑 4.n. 雕刻家；雕塑家 5.n. 美术陈列室；画廊 6.n. 信任；信心；信念 7.adv. 忠实地 8.adv. 所以；因而 9.n. 目标；目的vi. & vt. 瞄准；（向某方向）努力 10.adj. 常规的；传统的；因循守旧的 11.adj. 典型的；有代表性的 12.adj. 明显的；明白的 13.n. 新生；复兴；复活 14.vt. 采用；采纳；收养 15.adj. 人道主义的 16.vt. 拥有；具有；支配 17.n. （尤作复数）所有；财产 18.adj. 卓越的；杰出的；极好的 19.n. 透视画法；透视图；观点 20.n. 技术；方法；技能 21.n. 巧合（的事）；（事情、口味、故事等）相合 22.巧合地 23.n. 杰作；名著 24.n. 印象主义；印象派 25.adj. 印象派的 n.印象派艺术家 26.adj. 后印象派的n. 后印象派艺术家 27.大量28.n. 阴影；影子 29.adj. 荒谬的；可笑的 30.adj. 争论的；争议的 31.n. 努力；尝试；企图vt. 尝试；企图 32.（可是）另一方面 33.vt. 预言；预告；预测 34.n. 风景；景色 35.adj. 确切的；特定的 36.n. 画像；身材；数字 37.n. 黏土 38.n. 评论家；批评者 39.n. 青铜；青铜色；青铜制艺术品 40.n. 大理石 41.vt. 雕刻；刻记 42.adj. 脆弱的；容易生病的；精致的 43.n. 帆布；画布 44.n. 咖啡馆；小餐馆 45.adj. 过敏性的；对……过敏的 46.adv. 有效地 47.n. 展览；陈列；展览会 48.adj.敢做敢为的;侵略的；好斗的 49.n. 学者 50.n. 肉；肌肉；肉体 51.活着的；本人 52.n. 几何学 53.n. 束；串 54.n. 林荫道；道路；大街 55.n. 喜爱；偏爱
外研版高中英语选修8全册教案
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目录 Module 1 Deep South Period II Module 1 Deep South Period III Module 1 Deep South Period IV Module 1 Deep South Period V Module 1 Deep South Period VI Module 1 Deep South Period Ⅰ Module 1《Deep South》 Module 2 The Renaissance--cultural corner and task Module 2 The Renaissance--function and grammar Module 2 The Renaissance--reading and vocabulary 1 Module 2 The Renaissance--reading practice Module 2 The Renaissance--Vocabulary and writing Module 2 The Renaissance--word list and introduction Module 3 Foreign Food--function and grammar Module 3 Foreign Food--reading and vocabulary Module 3 Foreign Food--reading practice Module 3 Foreign Food--vocabulary and writing Module 3 Foreign Food--word list and introduction Module 4 Which English--Cultural corner Module 4 Which English--Grammar Module 4 Which English--Introduction Module 4 Which English--Listening Everyday English Speaking Module 4 Which English--Reading and Vocabulary Module 4 Which English--Reading Practice Module 4 Which English--Speaking-Reading and Vocabulary (2)-Writing-Task Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe-- Introduction Reading and speaking Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe-- Listening Everyday English Speaking Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe-- Reading and Vocabulary Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe--Grammar Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe--Reading and Vocabulary (2) Writing Task Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe--Reading Practice Module 6 《War and Peace-grammer》 Module 6《The Tang Poems-Introduction》 Module 6《The Tang Poems-Language Points》 Module 6《The Tang Poems-Reading and writing》
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人教版高中英语选修九Book Nine
高中英语学习材料 madeofjingetieji Book Nine Unit One Breaking records 课程标准中的内容标准： 本单元的话题是围绕“世界纪录”为主题，重点讨论了创造世界纪录所必须的身体素质、心理素质、创新意识以及挑战自我的决心和毅力。 教学细目： 1、（情感目标）通过阅读，了解比赛必备的基本素质及延伸到学习所需要的决心和毅力。 2、（交际）通过听说学习有关表示惊讶、相信或不相信的用语。 3、（词汇）通过阅读、师生互动掌握本单元与体育项目及本单元教学目标和要求中的词 汇用法。 4、（写作）通过阅读和书面训练，学习并掌握介绍著名运动员的个人介绍。 5、（语法）通过书面训练，深入理解和进一步运用英语主语的形式、用法及主谓一致。 学习领域与主题内容及要求目标层次 人 教版选修九 Unit One Breaking records 理解掌握运用 1.1.1. 话题：sports √ 1.1.2功能（通过听和说，能在生活中运 用下列英语进行交际）： 1. (Expressing surprise)表示惊讶 You’re kidding! Are you kidding? How amazing! Good heavens! Really? It can’t be true! Are you serious? Is that all? 2. Expressing belief / disbelief. (表示相信 或不相信) √
I’m not surprised. I can’t believe it. I think it’s true. That’s wonderful. I find that hard to believe. You’re right. I believe what you said. You’re not serious, are you? Oh, come on! You must be joking! I don’t doubt. √ 1.1.3 Understanding vocabulary（理解词 汇）（通过听、看、阅读，能理解下列词 汇含义。学生只需认识，不作为测试的 内容考查。）hurdling, boxing, lunge, zip, somersaulting, hula hooping, Guinness, vomit, gymnastically, meditation, marathon, sacred, conception, tact, repentance, juggle, triathlon, springboard, profile, economics, accountant, underwear, receptionist, scarf, amateur, wisdom, laughter, politician, conventional, appreciation √1.1.4 Grasping vocabulary（掌握词汇） （通过听、看、读，能运用下列词汇进 行造句，在完形填空和短文改错中运用 下列词汇。学生能够掌握其意义、用法、 搭配，可作为考查内容。）approximately, unfit, fascinate, spiritual, soul, virtue, noble, doom, bid, courageous, salary, wage, reality, adjustment, tough, extreme, urge, accomplish, motivation, devotion, deed, regret, champion, therefore, entire,
人教版高中英语必修10课文逐句翻译(高二)
人教版选修10课文译文 一次成功的失败经历 如果起初不成功，就要一次又一次地尝试。——W·C·菲尔兹 1914 年 8 月，珀斯·布莱克鲍罗参加了欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士的“持久号”轮船南极探险。沙克尔顿是他那个时代最负盛名的探险家，加入他的探险活动被认为是一种巨大的荣耀。现在请看读帕斯所讲故事的第一部分。 1916 年 8 月 29 日慢慢地，我把头探出睡袋，向四周看了看。一切都是灰色的：小屋里面看上去是灰色的，晨曦看上去是灰色的，燃油炉上噗噗作响的罐子也是灰色的。同往常一样，气味中混合着汗液、海豹油脂和脏内衣的味道，几乎让人难以忍受。我尝试着想一些快乐的事情：温暖和干爽的衣服、舒适的卧室、阳光灿烂的日子、妈妈的脸庞，以及返家后得到的庆贺，因为我是试图横穿南极大陆的一次失败探险活动的成员之一，这种事以前还没有人做过。正想到这儿，一条黑毛毯掉下来把我盖住，几乎把美好时光的记忆封闭住了。 一想到由于冻伤变黑而必须截去的腐烂的脚趾头，我就感到喘不过气来。我们的境况让人绝望，谁也不清楚会不会活着回去。也许好些年后，我们的尸体会被其他探险队所辨认并搜集起来。 正当我快要变得自我怜惜起来时，我们营棚的门开了，一股冷空气穿过营棚。“把门关上!”我用一种自己都快辨认不出来的沙哑的嗓音嚷嚷道。“坚持下去，珀斯。不要变成另一个汤姆。”一个声音在应答。“我们又逮住了一只企鹅，今晚有企鹅汤喝了!”保佑弗兰克一吓尔德，他可是我们的头儿欧内斯特·沙克尔顿之外最好的人啦。我怎么能像汤姆·奥德·利兹那样自私自利和脾气暴躁呢!我挣扎着下床，新的一天开始了。 当初宣布探险活动时，我才 20 岁，老梦想着要去冒险。所以在 1914 年 7 月的一个早晨，我是怀着无比激动的心情读以下这则广告的： 为危险之旅招募人手：工资低廉、寒冷无比、数月不见天日、无法确保安全返回。如果成功，荣耀和报酬将会接踵而至。欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士。 同伟大的欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士去南极探险——我被深深地迷住了!我是探险的门外汉，但我年轻，身体健康而且精力充沛。我偷偷地上了“持久号”轮船，藏在一个小橱里。直到轮船已开始航行了，我才被人发现，而且晕船晕得很厉害。不管怎么说，沙克尔顿似乎对我傻乎乎的行为感兴趣，并且接受了这种局面。他让我当一名伙计，协助做 28 个人一天三顿的饭菜。 1915 年 1 月 18 日，正当我们接近南极时，“持久号”被海上的浮冰(有的坚固无比，有的破裂成若干巨大的冰块浮在水上)卡住了。周围的冰都冻结了，我们千真万确地被困住了!轮船在我们的眼前慢慢地被挤坏。我相信沙克尔顿肯定会对这次探险意想不到的结局而痛心，但他并没有把时间浪费在遗憾和悔恨中。他镇静地把大家召集在一起，然后紧急宣布我们必须在船沉下去之前，只抢出基本给养，尤其是小船、食物、炊具、蜡烛、卧具和衣服。为了显示自己的决心，沙克尔顿把一些金币和他的金表扔到冰上。然而，让我感到惊讶的是，他竟鼓励赫西带上班卓琴。他把班卓琴描述成让我们保持精神振奋的关键。 他的顽强精神赢得了我们对他的完全信赖。他对我们也总是坦诚相待(就像广告中那样)，他从不灰心丧气，从不放弃，甚至当轮船沉下去时也是如此。1916 年 4 月 9 日，我们搬到了大象岛上现在的宿营地。不久沙克尔顿给我们这里的生活列出了规矩：取消级别和社会地位上的差异，每个人都得忙起来；公平分配食物和卧具；关心每一个人。这种团队精神鼓舞了船员们的士气，并挽救了我们的生命。 我们在大象岛上一安顿好，沙克尔顿就马上向大家解释了他的营救计划：22 人留在这里，他挑选其他五个人去南乔治亚求援。由于谁也不知道我们身处何地，所以不能指望任何外部救援。我永远也不会忘记眼看着小船从哗哗作响的波浪中消失在波涛汹涌的大洋里的情景。留在大象岛上的人发誓要按他所主张的那样做：在他返回来救我们之前要保持乐观、恢复健康。