我国灵活就业面临的问题与对策

中南财经政法大学自学考试本科毕业生论文

（初稿）

论文题目：我国灵活就业面临的问题与对策

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日期：2011 年 6 月20 日

中南财经政法大学自考办制

摘要

我国正处在经济和社会的转型之中，“就业难”已成为当前和今后长期存在的社会问题，也是我国经济发展过程中面临的最大难题。我国劳动力资源丰富，劳动力供大于求的格局将长期存在，就业的结构性矛盾突出，统筹城乡就业、解决新增长劳动力和下岗失业人员就业问题任务艰巨，使得就业形势严峻、就业压力巨大。2O世纪9O年代以后，伴随着巨大的就业压力，灵活就业越来越受到我国政府的关注和重视。我国劳动力资源丰富,劳动力相对过剩,灵活就业不仅成为吸纳劳动力,特别是相对简单劳动力的巨大“海绵”和“蓄水池”,而且对于促进人力资源合理配置,保障民生,构建和谐社会都具有重要意义。然而由于多种原因,许多灵活就业人员仍然徘徊于社会保障制度范围之外,在建设“共建共享”的社会主义和谐社会进程中,完善灵活就业群体的社会保障制度是当务之急。2001年我国“十五”计划纲要提出要引导劳动者转变就业观念，采取非全日制就业、季节性就业等灵活多样的就业形式，提倡自主就业。2002年党的十六大报告再次指出，要“引导全社会转变就业观念，推行灵活多样的就业形式，鼓励自谋职业和自主创业。”中国劳动和社会保障部已经将“发展灵活多样就业形式问题”列入重要的工作议程，并对此进行专门的调查和研究。上世纪九十年以来，灵活就业为解决我国就业问题起到了极大的积极作用，但不规范的用工形式、低水平的工资待遇，以及不完善的保障体系也是目前急需解决的问题。我国的就业问题既不同于西方发达国家的就业问题，也不同于传统的就业问题，深入分析并认清我国就业面临的形势，是寻求正确解决问题的关键。本文分析了我国灵活就业的概念、类型、作用及特点，介绍了灵活就业的人员规模及人员构成，总结了当前我国灵活就业面临的问题，并针对所有问题提出了相应的解决方案，以促进灵活就业的健康发展，发挥灵活就业对缓解就业压力、提高劳动力资源配置效率的重要作用。

【关键词】：灵活就业问题对策

Abstract

Our country is in the economic and social transformation in, "the difficult employment" has become the current and future long-term existing social problem, China is the process of economic development face of the biggest problems. Our country abundant labor resources, labor supply pattern will exist for a long time, the employment of the structural contradiction, the coordination of urban and rural employment, solve the new growth labor and laid-off workers obtain employment problem difficult task, makes the employment situation, employment pressure. 2 O century after 9 O s, accompanied with great pressure of employment, flexible obtain employment in China has been more and more attention of the government. Our country abundant labor resources, relative surplus labor force, flexible obtain employment, especially absorbing labor has become not only a relatively simple labor of the great "sponge" and "reservoir", and to the reasonable allocation of human resources, guarantee the people's livelihood, and construct a harmonious society is very significant. However, due to DuoZhong reasons, many personnel of flexible obtain employment is still wandering in the social security system in construction outside the scope of the co-construction and sharing of the "" socialist harmonious society in the process, perfect the flexible obtain employment group of social security system is a top priority. In 2001, "15" program offered to guide laborer changing employment idea, take part-time jobs, seasonal employment, and so flexible and diverse forms of employment, advocate independent employment. In 2002, the party's 16 big reports said that, again lead the public to change employment concept, promote flexible and diverse forms of employment and encourage people to find jobs and my own business." China's labor and social security ministry has flexible obtain employment "development" on important problems form work agenda, and carries on the special investigation and study. In the ninety years since, flexible obtain employment for solving the employment problem in China has greatly positive role, but not of the regulation of the labor form, low levels of pay treatment, and not perfect security system is also urgent problems at present. The employment of our country is different from the western developed countries's employment question, also different from traditional employment problems, the thorough analysis and understand the situation facing the employment in China, is the search for the correct the key of resolving the problem. This paper analyzes the concept of flexible obtain employment, type, function and characteristics, this paper introduces the personnel of flexible obtain employment scale and personnel structure, summarizes the current our country are faced with the problem of flexible obtain employment, and in the light of all the problem put forward corresponding solutions, in order to promote the healthy development of flexible obtain employment, play flexible obtain employment to ease the employment pressure, improve the workforce resource allocation efficiency important role.

【Key words】: flexible obtain employment problem countermeasures