book4 unit4知识点

Book 4 Unit4 Body language 学案

知识网络构建

重点词汇

https://www.360docs.net/doc/dc816391.html,municate v. 交流、通信、传递、传达

【常用短语】communicate with... 与......交流、通信

communicate sth. to sb. 把......传达给某人

【例句】They communicate with each other by telephone.

He communicated his thoughts clearly to me.

2.…的方法.

1) way: in the way “用这种方法”;

the way to do

the way of doing“做某事的方法”。

2) method: with this method “用这种方法”

3) approach: “方法”之外，还有“接近”的意思。

an approach to(介词) “……的方法”。

4) means: “方式，方法”。单复数同形，

by means of “通过……方法”

3.approach vi.& vt.接近，靠近

n.(1)通往…的途径(2)方法，方式(3)接近，靠近

【常用短语】make approaches to sb，“想法接近（认识）某人

He approached me with stealthy steps. 他悄然走近我。

Our approach scared the butterfly and it flew away. 我们走近时把那只蝴蝶吓跑了。

He put up a new approach to the difficulty. 他提出了解决这个困难的新方法。

Can you tell me the way to work out the maths problem?你能告诉我做那道数学题的方法吗？We should improve our teaching method, with which we can make ourselves understood better. 我们应该改善我们的教学方法，用这些方法，可以使学生更好的理解我们。

We arrived there by means of plane. 我们坐飞机到达那儿。

【同步练习】

(1)单项填空

There is no easy to the mathematics.

A. way

B. mean

C. method

D. approach

(2)单句改错

①His approach for the problem is special and proves good.

②All the approaches of the airport were blocked by the police.

4.represent vt. 象征；表示；作为……的代表；代表；

representative n. 代表；adj. 典型的；有代表性的

representation n. 表现；陈述；代理

The red lines on the map represent railways. 这张地图上的红线代表铁路。

He represented the whole class at the other school.他到另一所学校去作为全班同学的代表。

易混辨析represent/stand for/on behalf of

represent指“代表某人/某个团体/政府等,或指某种标志代表什么,某物描绘的是什么”。

stand for 通常指字母、数字、符号等代表/象征什么。

on behalf of 指代表/代替某人，只能作状语。

5. curious adj. 好奇的curiously adv. 好奇地curiosity n 好奇

be curious________对…..感到好奇

【常用短语】be curious to do 急于做/极想做

__________ curiosity 出于好奇

【同步练习】

1. I was to find out what he said.

A. strange

B. amusing

C. curious

D.consciou

2.翻译

1）那男孩对所见的一切都感到好奇。

_____________________________________________________________________

2）他急于学好英语。

_____________________________________________________________________

6. defend v. 防护；辩护；防守；保卫

The wall was built to defend the road from being washed away by the sea.

建这个围墙是为了保护这条路不被海水冲垮。

【同步练习】

完成句子

1.当那只狗攻击我时，我拾起一根木棍自卫。

When the dog attacked me, I picked up a stick and myself.

2.他戴着墨镜以防他的眼睛被强烈的太阳光晒伤。

He wears sunglasses to his eyes from the strong sunlight.

7. likely adj. 可能的（表示可能性很大时，可用most，very修饰likely）

【常用结构】

It is likely that sb. ...

=sb.is likely to do...某人可能做某事

not likely (表示坚决不同意)绝不可能；绝对不会

区别likely/ possible/probable

(1)It is __likely/ possible /probable that 可能性大小：probable > likely > possible

(2)sb/sth be __likely to do

(3)It is possible for sb to do

I’m likely to be very busy today.

It is possible that he will come late again.

【同步练习】

1. It’s nearly eleven o’clock and mother ________ walk in at any moment.

A. is possible to

B. is probable to

C. is likely to

D. is able to

2.I can't go out. It is very ________ that Mary will ring me tonight.

A. likely

B. possibly

C. probably

D. perhaps

3. Tom was ____to win first prize in the competition, but his illness made him miss the chance.

A. possible

B. probable

C. likely

D. maybe

8. close adv. 接近地；靠近地；紧密地（常与介词to连用）

adj. 近的；接近的；(关系)密切的；严密的；(尤指比赛)势均力敌的

v. 结束；关闭；关

His house is close to the factory. 他家靠近这个工厂。

易混辨析close/closely

close 是指距离、场所、地点等的“接近，靠近”，是一种实际意义上的“接近”。

closely是指抽象意义上的“接近”，多用比喻意义，指“亲密地；严密地；仔细地”

相同high/highly；wide/widely；deep/deeply等一类词。

带 –ly的副词往往用作抽象意义或比喻意义，

而不带 –ly的副词多用作实际意义。

The thief came close to him and stole the money from his pocket.

偷走近他，把他口袋里的钱偷走了。

Good teaching and good testing are closely related.

出色的教学工作与完善的测试制度密切相关。

【同步练习】

选词填空（close/closely）

①It was very cold, so the little girl stood________ to her mother.

②The policeman examined the room_________ to find the lost jewels.

9. avoid vt. “避开；避免”，

avoid difficulty in communication“避免交际上的困难”。

avoid后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。

你为什么要避开那个男孩？

_____________________________________________________________________

我横穿马路为了避免见到他。

_____________________________________________________________________

10.function n. 作用，功能，职能v. (机器等）工作，运转，起作用

【常用结构】

perform an important function 起重要作用

function as 起......作用；具有......功能; 用作

function well/badly (机器等)运转良好/不好

This organization performs an important function in this country.

The air condition is not functioning well.

The sofa functions as a bed at night.

重点短语

1. in general 一般而言，总的来说

短语拓展Generally speaking、In a word、To sum up、In conclusion

1）总的来说，你的文章挺不错的。

_____________________________________________________________________

2）_____________, woman cry more easily than men.

大体上来说，女人比男人更容易哭。

2.lose face丢脸，丢人

lose heart 泄气；灰心lose one’s heart to 爱上；钟情于lose weight 减肥lose one’s way迷路lose one’s life 丧生lose courage 丧失勇气lose sight of 看不见

In order not to _________, he spent the whole night preparing for the speech of next day.

A .lose courage B. lose heart

C. lose face

D. lose voice

3. at ease “处在舒适、自由自在的状态下”

常用短语：

with ease (= easily) 熟练地；轻而易举地

put people at ease意为“使人自由自在；不拘束”。

【同步练习】

1）他很放心，因为知道孩子们是安全的。

Her mind ____ ______ ______ , knowing that the children were safe.

2）He felt completely ease Mary.

A. at; with B .at ; to C. with; with D. to; to

4. kiss sb on the cheek

仿：拍某人肩膀

打某人脸

抓某人胳膊

打某人鼻子

5.on the country 与此相反，正相反

--- I am sure you like your new job.

---On the country, it's dull.

6.turn one’s back to 转身背对，背叛

Don't turn your back to him when you speak to someone.

When we need him,he turns his back to us.

重点句型

1.I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously.

1) 划线部分都是动词的-ing作状语，表示前面动作发生时的伴随状态

2)动词-ing形式作状语还可以表示时间\原因\条件等，如：

Seeing the teacher entering the classroom, the students stood up.（时间）

Being too excited, he couldn't go to sleep last night.（原因）

Studying harder, you can improve your English.（条件）

另外，动词-ing形式作状语还要注意以下三个问题：

( 1 ) 分词的逻辑主语为主句主语, 即主句主语与分词所表示的动作呈主动关系

（2）否定式在-ing前面直接加not, 如：

Not having enough money, I decided not to buy the book then.

（3）完成式:肯定为having done；否定为not having done, 强调该动作发生于主句动词之前如：

Having finished her homework, she began to watch TV.

Not having received his reply, she decided to write again.

1.）“You can’t catch me!”Janet shouted, ________ away.

A. run

B. running

C. to run

D. ran

2.）He glanced over at her，that though she was tiny，she seemed very well put together.

A. noting

B. noted

C. to note

D. having noted

3.）________ to reach them on the phone, we sent an e-mail instead.

A. Fail

B. Failed

C. To fail

D. Having failed

2. 部分否定通常用

"not与一些具有完全意义的词，如all/both/each/everybody/everything/altogether等连用，不管not在什么位置，均表示部分否定。

eg. Not every Welshman speaks Welsh. 并不是每个威尔士人都说威尔士语。

All is not gold that glisters. 发光的并不都是金子。

若要表示全部否定，则应用相应的表示全部否定的否定词。

all→none （一个人也没有、没有任何东西）；

both→neither （两个都不）;

every→no (没有，不是）；

everyone→no one(没有人);

everything→nothing(什么也没有)等。

eg. I like neither of the books. 这两本书我都不喜欢。

—I think the whole class is going on a field trip next Friday.

—I’m not sure. __________ has paid the transportation fee.

A. Not everyone

B. No one

C. None of them

D. Neither of us

补充短语

defend against保卫…以免受. intruduce sb to sb 向某人介绍某人

together with 与某人一起be likely to 很可能…；有希望…

on the contrary 相反greet sb with/by 通过…向某人问候

express one’s feelings表达某人的感情in general 总的来说；通常

at ease 舒适；快活；自由自在lose face丢脸

turn one’s back to 背对；背弃be willing to 渴望…. , 愿意….