高考名词讲解及练习
二、名词
知识要点：
一、名词的种类：
1、专有名词：
1), , , , , (不加冠词)
2) , , ’s China,
等。(由普通名词构成的专有名词,要加定冠词。)
2、普通名词：
1)不可数名词
注意：?不可数名词前一般不加冠词,尤不加不定冠词：若加a()则使之具体化了。
如：a .
?不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
?不可数名词一般无复数形式。部分物质名词在表不同类别时,可用复数形式。
如：, , , ……
| | | |
各种各样的鱼各种报纸河湖、海水积雪
…有些抽象名词也常用复数,变为可数的具体的事物。如：时代著作困难
…在表数量时,常用“”词组来表示。如：
a , a , ….
2)可数名词：
?可数名词除用复数形式表一类之外,一般都要加冠词：A .
a .
.
?有复数形式：
a)规则变化——加“s”或“”(与初中同,略)
b)不规则变化——(), (), (), (),
(), (), (), (),
()…
注意：c)单、复数同形：, , , , (同一种鱼)……。如,
a ,
d)只用复数形式：, , , , , ,…
e)形复实单：, , , , (塑料).
f)形单实复：(人民,人们) , 等
g)集合名词如：, , , 等。当作为整体时,为单数；当作
为整体中的各个成员时,为复数。如：
a .
.
h)复合名词变复数时)只把复合名词中的主体各词变为复数形式。如：
(s)嫂子,弟妹；(s)继子；(s) 总编辑。
b)如没有主体名词则在最后一个词的后面加“s”。如：(s)成年人(s)中间人
c), 作定语时,要与被修饰的名词的数一致。如：a —, a
—
二、名词的所有格：
1、表有生命的东西(人或动物)的名词所有格,一般在名词后加“’s”。如：’s , ’s ,
’s , ’s …
注意：1)名词复数的词尾是或,它的所有格只在词后加“s”。如：’, ’
(工人疗养院) ’
2)复合名词的所有格,在后面的词后加“’s”。如：’s (她女婿的照片)；
’s (其他任何人的书)
3)如果一样东西为两人或两人以上共有,则在最后的一个名词后面加“’s”；如果不是共有,则每个词后都要加“’s”。如：
’s . 珍妮和海伦的房间(共有). ’s ’s . 比尔的收音机和汤姆的
收音机(不共有)
4)表地点(店铺,某人的家等)的名词所有格后面,一般省去它所修饰的名词。如：
’s (裁缝铺) ’s (诊所) ’s (布朗先生的家)
5)有些表时间、距离、国家、城镇的无生命的名词,也可加“’s”表所有格。
如：’s (半小时的路程)
’s (中国的农业)
2、表示无生命的东西的名词一般与构成词组,表示所有格。如：
3、表示有生命的东西的名词也可以用,特别是名词较长,有较多的定语时。如：
?
4、“词组+所有格”的用法：
在表示所属物的名词前有冠词、数词、不定代词或指示代词(如：a, , , a , , , ,
等)时,常用“词组+所有格”的形式来表示所有关系。如：
a ’s 我父亲的一位朋友。
’s 爱迪生的一些发明
’学生们的那些练习本。
【专项训练】：
1、.
A．B．
C．D．
2、, a .
A．B．
C．D．
3、—— a ?
——.
A．B．C．D．
4、.
A．B．C．D．
5、.
A．; B．; C．; D．;
6、.
A．B．C．D．
7、 a .
A．B．
C．D．
8、.
A．B．C．a D．a
9、 a .
A．B．a C．’s D．
10、?
A．B．
C．D．
11、I a .
A．; B．;
C．; D．;
12、, .
A．; B．;
C．; D．;
13、.
A．; B．;
C．; D．;
14、 a .
A．; B．;
C．; D．;
15、——?
——’s .
A．’s B．
C．D．
16、’t . ’s .
A．B．’
C．’D．’s
17、 a .
A．’s B．’s ’
C．’s D．’s ’s
18、I .
A．B．C．’s D．’
19、 a .
A．B．C．’D．’s
20、I
.
A．’B．C．D．’
【答案】：
1、B
2、A
3、C (胃)虽是“”结尾,但其发音为[k],所以加“s”,不用加“”。
4、C
5、A , , , 等词的复数形式,直接加“s”。
6、C
7、A 名词作定语一般不用复数。
8、B
9、A 根据句意,打破的应是杯子,而不是茶；名词作定语表类别不用加“’s”。
10、B 11、D 12、B 13、C 14、C 15、A
16、D 根据上句,此处应是史密斯太太的衬衫。
17、D 18、C 19、D a ’s 是固定短语,意为“近在咫尺”。
20、B 此句中作动名词的所有格,本应用’s,但因其在动词后作宾语,所以可用宾格,因此B为正确答案。
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高考名词专项练习题
高考名词专项练习题 一、单项选择名词 1．More than half of the participants said that getting married was not an important___________ for becoming an adult. A．tension B．restriction C．circulation D．criterion 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词。句意：超过一半的受访者表示，结婚并不是成为成年人的重要标准。A. tension 紧张；B. restriction限制，约束；C. circulation流通，传播；D. criterion标准，准则。根据getting married和becoming an adult可知，结婚是成为一个成年人的“准则”。故选D。 2．His conflicted with that of the other witnesses and yet his story had, for me, the ring of truth. A．expectation B．instruction C．response D．account 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：他的叙述与其他目击者讲的有矛盾。然而在我看来，他所说的有可能是真的。A. expectation期望；B. instruction指示；C. response 回应 ;D. account陈述。由“yet his story”可知，account符合句意。故D选项正确。 3．As an American living in-Tianjin for about 10 years, Chris says that it has been a ________ be a witness to China’s great progress. A．privilege B．preference C．priority D．principle 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：作为一个在天津生活了大约10年的美国人，克里斯说，能够见证中国的巨大进步是一种荣幸。A. privilege 荣幸；B. preference偏爱；C. priority 优先；D. principle原则。 privil ege“荣幸”符合句意。故A选项正确。 4．The broken window was the that the house had been broken into. A．evidence B．expression C．scenery D．function 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
高考名词专项练习题题库
高考名词专项练习题题库 一、单项选择名词 1．The knowledge and skills the trainees have learned can help them make a clear _____ between what is right and wrong. A．distance B．distinction C．donation D．defense 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词。A. distance距离；B. distinction 区别，差别；C. donation 捐款；D. defense防卫，防护。句意：受训者所学到的知识和技能可以帮助他们区分对错。故选B。 2．The girl received no approval of his family as her marriage with an African boy was regarded as a ____ from tradition. A．violation B．departure C．withdrawal D．separation 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词的词义辨析。A. violation违反，妨碍；B. departure离开，出发；C. withdrawal撤退，收回；D. separation分离，分开。句意：这个女孩没有得到家人的认可因为她与非洲人的婚姻被认为是背离传统的。结合句意可知答案为B。 3．As an American living in-Tianjin for about 10 years, Chris says that it has been a ________ be a witness to China’s great progre ss. A．privilege B．preference C．priority D．principle 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：作为一个在天津生活了大约10年的美国人，克里斯说，能够见证中国的巨大进步是一种荣幸。A. privilege 荣幸；B. preference偏爱；C. priority 优先；D. principle原则。privilege“荣幸”符合句意。故A选项正确。 4．How amazing it is that Zuckberg can speak Chinese! After all, it is a big_____ for any westerner to learn such a totally different language. A．adventure B．achievement C．trend D．challenge 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】
外研版英语名词专项练习(附答案)
外研版英语名词专项练习(附答案) 一、初中英语名词 1．Hurry up! Some and are on sale in the supermarket. A. tomato; egg B. tomatoes; egg C. tomatoes; eggs D. tomato; eggs 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：快点！超市里一些西红柿和鸡蛋在销售。tomato西红柿；egg鸡蛋；都是可数名词。根据some，可知此处要用复数名词。故选C。 【点评】此题考查名词复数。要注意名词的复数形式。 2．（?江西）Some old people need a because they feel lonely. A. gift B. stick C. pet D. watch 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为一些老人感觉孤单，所以需要有宠物陪伴。A. gift礼物；B. stick棍子； C. pet 宠物；D. watch手表。根据常识可知，这里指老人需要的是宠物。故选C。 3．（?重庆） It's cold today. Take your with you when you go out. A. knife B. coat C. brush D. key 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天天气冷，当你出去的时候，请带上你的外衣。A. knife 小刀； B. coat外衣； C. brush 刷子； D. key钥匙。根据It’s cold today.可知，这里指的是出去带着外衣，故选B。 4．Did you hear the ________? A scientist will visit our school. A. advice B. news C. praise D. choice 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：你听说这个消息了吗？一位科学家将要拜访我们的学校。A. advice意见； B. news新闻，消息，不可数；C. praise表扬，赞扬；D. choice 选择，抉择。根据语境，A scientist will visit our school.是一个消息，故答案选B。 【点评】考查名词辨析；注意理解选项的意思，根据语境选择合适意义的词。 5．— Kate, I'm going shopping. Anything to buy for you? —Yes, that will save me a_____. A. hand B. trip C. visit D. bill
中考专项训练名词专题练习
中考专项训练名词专题练习 一、初中英语名词 1．—______ are you in? —I am in Class One. A. Which school B. What class C. Which grade 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——你在哪一个班？——我在一班。A. Which school哪所学校；B. What class什么班，哪一个班；C. Which grade哪一个年级。答语是“I am in Class One.”我在一班，可以推测出前句问的是班级，故选B。 2．（?六盘水）—How well she sings! — Yes, she has a very beautiful ______. A. voice B. sound C. noise D. laughter 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：－她唱得多好啊。－是的，她有一副非常优美的嗓音。A. voice嗓音，说话声；B. sound声音，指自然界的声音；C. noise噪音，嘈杂声；D. laughter笑声。歌唱得好，嗓音美。故选A。 【点评】本题考查名词词义辨析，以及voice；sound；noise；laughter四个词的词义和用法。 3．After years of war, the people in Syria are thirsty for ____________. A. price B. noise C. peace D. course 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：在战后几年里，叙利亚人们渴望和平。A.价格；B.噪音；C.和平； D.课程。根据常识可知战后人们肯定是渴望和平，故选C。 【点评】考查名词辨析，注意平时识记其词义，理解句意。 4．__________ is the quality to be brave when you are facing difficulties. A. Courage B. Pride C. Humor 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：当你面对困难时，你勇敢面对的品质叫勇气。courage意为“勇气”，符合题意，pride意为“骄傲”，humor意为“幽默”，均不符合题意，故选A。 【点评】本题考查名词辨析，注意理解名词词义，根据语境选择合适的名词。 5．— I have a bad cold.
名词专项练习题及答案(1)
必备英语名词专项练习题及答案 一、初中英语名词 1．Fruit is good for health，so I often have breakfast with one ．（） A. candy B. cake C. banana D. hamburger 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】水果有益健康，所以我早餐时经常吃一根香蕉．candy糖果；cake蛋糕；banana香蕉；hamburger汉堡包；根据Fruit is good for health，可知水果有益健康，这里只有banana是水果．故选C． 2．（·咸宁）—Tu You you received the Nobel Prize for her ________ of anemisinin（青蒿素）.—And she was the first Chinese who won the prize in science. A. design B. thought C. invention D. discovery 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：——屠呦呦因为发现了青蒿素获得了诺贝尔奖。——而且她是第一位在科学方面获得诺贝尔奖的中国人。design设计；thought想法；invention发明；discovery发现。因为anemisinin（青蒿素）.是原来就存在的，因此是发现了它。故选D。【点评】考查名词辨析，结合语境选择合适的词。 3．（?六盘水）—How well she sings! — Yes, she has a very beautiful ______. A. voice B. sound C. noise D. laughter 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：－她唱得多好啊。－是的，她有一副非常优美的嗓音。A. voice嗓音，说话声；B. sound声音，指自然界的声音；C. noise噪音，嘈杂声；D. laughter笑声。歌唱得好，嗓音美。故选A。 【点评】本题考查名词词义辨析，以及voice；sound；noise；laughter四个词的词义和用法。 4．（?贵州遵义）.A: Can I help you, madam? B: I want_ . A. two boxes of apple B. two glass of water C. two bowls of porridge 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:一我可以帮助你吗?夫人?一我要两碗粥。A . two boxes of apple 两箱苹果，apple是可数名词，两箱苹果，该用复数，错;B. two glass of water 两杯水，glass 杯子，是可数名词，两杯，要用复数形式，错; C. two bowls of porridge两碗粥，porridge是不可数名词，没有复数形式，正确。故选C。