人教版必修一Unit 5 重点短语和句型

人教版必修一Unit5 重点短语和句型

I. 重点短语

1.be of high/low quality 高/低质量的

2. in quality 在质量上

3. be mean about sth. 吝啬某物

4. be mean to sb. 对某人刻薄

5. be mean to do sth. 不愿做某事

6. mean to do sth. 打算做某事

7. mean doing 意味着8. be active about 对...热心

9. be active in sth./doing sth. 积极参与... 10. be active as 作为...活跃

11. devote +n. (时间、精力、生命等）+ to ... 把时间、精力、生命等用在......上

12. devote oneself to = devote one's life to 致力于，献身于

devote oneself to 通常用被动形式，即be devoted to

在devote ... to... 中，to 是介词，后接名词或动名词做宾语。常见的类似短语还有：

pay attention to（注意……）; stick to（坚持……）; lead to（导致……）;

prefer…to（相比……更喜欢……）; look forward to（盼望……）;

13. fight for 为……而斗争；努力争取14. fight against 与……作斗争

15. fight with 和……并肩作战，用(某种武器)与(某人)交战;

用(某种方式、手段)反对(某人)，联盟作战

16. vote for/against 投票赞成/反对17. vote on =take/have a vote on 对……进行表决

18. in reward (for…) 作为（对……的）报酬、报答=as a reward for

19. give/offer a reward to sb. for sth. 因为某事而给某人报酬、赏金

20. reward sb. for (doing) sth. 因为（做）某事而报答、奖赏某人

21. reward sb. with sth. 用某物报答、奖赏某人22. be equal to 与……相等，胜任，能应付23. be equal with 与……平等24. advise sb. on sth. 就……给某人出主意25. advise +n. /pron. 建议……26. advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人干……

27. advise (one’s) doing sth. 建议（某人）干……28. advise + (that) sb. (should) do 建议某人做...

29. go to sb. for advice = ask sb. for advice向某人寻求建议；征询某人的意见

30. give advice to sb. on sth.就……对某人提供建议

31. follow sb’s advice = take sb’s advice 接受某人的建议32. be in prison 在狱中，被监禁

33. put…in prison = send…to prison = throw …into prison 把……投入监狱

34. out of work 失业35. in work 有工作

36. out of breath 上气不接下气37. out of patience 不耐烦

38. out of use 没用了39. out of date 过时

40. out of order 次序颠倒；出故障41. out of control 失控42. out of danger 脱离危险43. out of shape 变形

44. Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见, 心不烦。

45. lose heart 丧失勇气或信心46. loose one's heart (to sb/sth) 爱上...... 47. learn sth. by heart 背诵，牢记48. put one's heart into 专心于

49. break sb's heart 使某人伤心50. heart and soul 全心全意，完全地

51. lose one's job 失业52. lose one's balance 失去平衡

53. lose one's breath上气不接下气54. lose one's life 丧生; 遇害

55. lose face 丢脸; 受屈辱

56. in trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中57. get into trouble 遇上困难

58. get sb. into trouble 使...碰上麻烦59. ask for trouble 自寻苦恼

60. have trouble (in) doing sth. 做...有困难61. make trouble 惹麻烦

62. take the trouble to do 费力去做，奋力

63. turn to 求助于，致力于，转向，变成，翻到（书的某页、某张），查阅

64. turn on 打开65. turn off 关上，使（某人）失去兴趣

66. turn up 调高（声音），出现67. turn down 把（声音等）调小，调低，拒绝68. turn in 上交69. turn out 结果证明，生产

70. turn round/around 转身71. turn ... into... 把......变成......

72. turn over 使（东西）翻转，仔细考虑

73. come to power= come into power 当权，上台（表动作）

74. be in power 执政，当权（表状态）75. beyond /out of one's power... 某人力所不能及76. in one's power 尽一切力量77. escape from + n. 从.......逃脱

78. escape doing sth. 逃避（做）某事79. set up 设立，建立

80. set down 写下，记下81. set about（doing）sth. 着手（做）某事82. set aside 把... 放一边83. set off 出发，动身，使爆炸

84. set out 出发，动身，摆设，陈列，（后跟to do）开始做

85. sentence sb. to death 判某人死刑86. be sentenced to 被判处...（徒刑）

87. answer violence with violence 以暴还暴88. as a matter of fact= in fact 事实上

89. be willing to 愿意做... 90. in a peaceful way 以和平的方式

91. blow up 使充气，爆炸92. beg to do sth. 请求做某事

93. beg sb. (not) to do sth. 乞求/请求某人（不要）做某事

94. beg sth. of/from sb. = beg sb. for sth. 向某人要（求）某物

95. I beg your pardon.= Pardon? = Beg your pardon. 对不起，请再说一遍。

II. 重点句型

☆1. The time when I first met him was a very difficult period of my life.

第一次见到他的时候是在我一生中非常艰难的时期。（定语从句）

☆2.The school where I studied only two years was three kilometers away.

那所我仅仅读了两年的学校有三公里远。（定语从句）

My family could not continue to pay my school fee.

我的家庭无法继续支付我的学费。

☆3.However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.

可是，那个时候你要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得要有身份证不可。

☆4. As a matter of fact, I was worried about whether I would be out of work.

事实上我担心我是不是会失业。

☆5. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.

（定语从句）过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，

一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。

☆6. The parts of town where they lived were places decided by white people.

（过去分词作后置定语）他们在城里的住宅区都是由白人决定的。

☆7. We were put in a position in which we had either to accept we were less important,

or fight the Government.

我们被置于这样一种境地，或者是被迫承认我们低人一等，或者是与政府作斗争。

[解释] 这是一个主从复合句，in which引导定语从句，修饰先行词position。

类似的名词还有situation, stage, case等，作先行词时，可用where引导定语从句

介词+关系代词which在定语从句中充当时间、地点、原因状语，相当于关系副词when, where和why。eg. The reason why（= for which）he was late for school was unbelievable.

☆8. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.

（倒装句）只是在我们才决定以暴制暴。

当only 修饰状语位于句首时，句子采用部分倒装的结构，将助动词或系动词提前，放在主语前。☆9.In 1963, I helped him blow up some government buildings.

在1963年，我帮助他炸毁了一些政府大楼。

☆10.But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.

但是我乐于帮忙，因为我知道，这是为了实现我们的黑人和白人平等的梦想。

☆11. This was my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks.

这是我毕生为争取黑人的平等权利而斗争所得到的回报。☆12. He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep.

（虚拟语气）在午餐的休息时间和晚上我们本应该睡觉的时候他教授我们。

☆13. They were not cleverer than me, but they did pass their exams. So I knew I could get a degree too.

他们并不比我更聪明，却通过了考试，因此我就知道我也能拿到学位。

☆14. I felt bad the first time I talked to a group. 第一次给旅行团讲解时，我的心情很不好。

☆15. So now I am proud to show visitors over the position, for I helped to make our people free in their own land.

所以现在我能给参观者介绍有关监狱的情况，对此我感到非常骄傲，因为我曾经为我们的人民在自己的国土上争取自由而出过力。

16.He was sentenced to three years in prison for stealing.

他因偷窃被判处三年监禁。

17.The reason why I got a job was because of my hard work.

我得到工作是因为我工作努力。

18.He set up a black law firm to help those poor black people.

他开设了一间黑人律师事务所帮助那些穷苦的黑人。

19. It is a doctor’s job to advise patients on health problems.

医生的职责就是向病人提供有关健康的建议。

20. After getting up, he always drinks a glass of water, which he believes is good for his health.

（非限制性定语从句）每天起床后，他都喝一杯水，他认为这对他的身体有好处。

21. In his life, he has always tried to help those who are less fortunate than himself.

（定语从句）在他的一生中，他总是设法帮助那些比他不幸的人。

22.Before he came to power, he was once put in prison for years.

在掌权之前，他曾经坐了几年牢。