高中英语-专题二代词课件
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代词
高考对代词的考察呈现出两大特点： 1.旧的热点仍在，如对不定代词的考 察，新的考察热点在逐步形成，如， 对it的考察。 2.加强在特定的语境中对代词与其他 相关语法的综合考察。
突破方法： 首先从整体上把握代词的知识，如代 词种类的划分：（1）人称代词（2） 物主代词：形容词性物主代词，名词 性物主代词。（3）反身代词（4）指 示代词（5）相互代词
nothing和someone/anyone/everyone/no one 却不能。 As we were asleep, none of us heard the
sound. None of them knew about the plan because it was kept a secret. 三、any, every的区别
The boy is old enough to take care of himself.(介宾） 2）表语 She is not quite herself today. 3)同位语 I myself can repair the bike.
2.含有反身代词的惯用语
（1）与介词连用 You’ll have to see if he has gone to the
只能做名词或动名词的定语。 This is our classroom. His father is an engineer. Would you mind my opening the window? Our country is a developing country. 2.名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代
2.what,which的区别
which 是在已知范围内进行选择，后面可跟 of短语；what是在未知范围内进行选择，后
面不可跟of短语。 Which (of the animals) is bigger, an elephant or a horse?(有范围） What do you want to read?(无范围）
somebody/everyone/everybody/anyone/any body连用。
If I had some money, I would lend him some, but unfortunately, I had none.
3.none后面可跟of短语，而 something/anything/everything/
四、every, each的区别
each强调“个体”，可做代词和形容词，指 “两个或两个以上中的每一个”；every强 调“全体”，只能做定语，指“三个或三 个以上”。each做同位语时，不影响谓语 动词的数，不可用not each表部分否定。
Each of my children goes to a different school. 主语
4.What的习惯用法
what is the population/the distance /the price of the book/ your address / your attitude/the height/weight/the
depth/length/width/size?
一、both,all, either,any, neither,none 的用法
either. I had to buy all these books because I didn’t know which one was the best.
二、none, nothing, nobody (no one)的用法区别
1.none既可指人，也可指物，且表特指概念， 常回答how many, how much引导的疑问句。 no one只能指人，且表泛指概念，常回答 who引导的疑问句；nothing只能指物，且 表泛指概念，常回答what引导的疑问句。
every+名词都表示全部肯定；no one, none, nobody, nothing, not…any以及no+名词都表示全部
否定；但当not出现在含有全部肯定的不定代词的 句子中，不管not在它们之前还是在它们之后都表 示部分否定。此外not与总括性副词
词+名词”，可单独做主语、宾语、表语。 此外，名词性物主代词还可与名词及of连用，
构成双重所有格，即：
a/an/this/that/these/those/some/any/several/ no/each/every/such/another/which+名词+
of+名词性物主代词。 This is her coat. Mine is over there. Some friends of mine will attend my birthday party. That car of hers is always breaking down. I know each brother of his.
----How much money do you have? ---None.
---What are you doing now? ----Nothing.
2.none往往与前面的some/any/
every+名词连用; nothing往往与前面的 something/anything/everything连用；no one/nobody往往与前面someone/
which(ever),
what(ever)
四、疑问代词
1.what,who的区别 what 问职业、地位； who问姓名或身份。 ---Who is that man? ---He is her
husband. ---What was the man over there? ----He was a doctor.
2.人称代词有时也可用作名词
• It’s not a she; it’s a he.
• 3.人称代词单独使用时，一般不用主格而用 宾格。
----Glad to meet you. ----Me,too. 4.代词they(不分性别）代表已提到过的一些
人或事物。 The browns phoned. They’re coming round this evening.
3.whatever,whichever,whoever
Whatever,whichever,whoever分别为what, which,who的强调形式，相当于what/which/ who on earth (in the world) 到底（究竟）什
么/哪一个/谁 Whatever do you want? Whoever gave you the book?
any+名词表示“（三个或三个以 上）”
即：这个或那个或那个；every+名词表示 “三个或三个以上中的）每一个”，即：这个和那
个和那个。not any表示全部否定，而not every+名词表部分否定。 I have many books here, and you can take any
one. Every student has to take the examination. =All the students have to take the examination.
school for yourself.(亲自） The computer can shut off of itself. (=naturally自动地） Jim is not bad in himself, but he is a little shy. (本质地）
One would rather have a bedroom
力、知觉；苏醒过来） When he woke up, he found himself in
hospital.(find oneself 发现自己不知不觉来到） help oneself to 别客气，请自便，随便取用
四、疑问代词
who(ever), whom(ever), whose(ever),
一二 三 复复 复 we you they
us you them
物主代词
人 称
物形
主
容 词
代性
词名
词 性
一 二 三（单） 单单
一二 三 复复 复
my your his her its our your their
mine your his hers its ours yours theirs
1.形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，
to oneself.(=for one’s own private use; not to be shared独自享用）
One can’t play tennis by oneself.(=alone, without help单独地、独自地） He was beside himself with joy when he
heard he had passed the exam. (=almost mad with anger/excitement,etc. 由于气愤、激动等而发狂、忘形）
（2）与代词连用
enjoy yourself! (=Have a good time!) behave yourself.(=be polite; show good
（6）不定代词（7）疑问代词（8）连接代词
（名词性从句）（9）关系代词（定语从句） 其次，要重点掌握几组易混词，尤其是不定
代词间的用法区别。 一、人称代词 1.当说话者不清楚或不必要知道说话对象的
性别时，可以用it来表示。 It’s a lovely baby. Is it a boy or a girl?
--Susan ,go and join your sister
cleaning the yard.
---Why me? John is sitting there doing nothing.
格一
单
人
主I
称格
二 三（单数） 单
you he she it
代
词 宾 me you him her it 格
不定代词
都 任何 都不
两者
both either neither
两者
或三 all
者以 上
any none
--You’re always working. Come on,
let’s go shopping.
All you ever want to do is going shopping. ---There’s coffee and tea; You can have
say/talk/tell/think to oneself 暗自（在心中），自言自语 He is always boasting himself.(自夸） A moment later, he came to himself. (=regain self-control or consciousness，恢复自制
He had a cut on each foot. 定语
each可做主、宾、定、同
Each of the tickets costs 10 dollars. 主语 =The tickets cost 10 dollars each. 同位语 =The tickets each cost 10 dollars. 同位语 五、全部否定和部分否定 all ,both, everyone,everybody,everything以及
反身 代 词
一 二 三（单） 一 二 三
单单
复复复
my- your- him- her- itself our- your- them
self self self self
selv -
es es selv
es
三、反身代词
1.反身代词基本用法： 1）宾语 Tom taught himself Chinese.(动宾）
manners) 使举止良好 absent oneself 缺课、缺勤 devote oneself to 专心于；献身于 apply oneself to 专心致志于 adapt oneself to 适应于 make oneself at home 不要客气
seat oneself(=sit) 坐
高考对代词的考察呈现出两大特点： 1.旧的热点仍在，如对不定代词的考 察，新的考察热点在逐步形成，如， 对it的考察。 2.加强在特定的语境中对代词与其他 相关语法的综合考察。
突破方法： 首先从整体上把握代词的知识，如代 词种类的划分：（1）人称代词（2） 物主代词：形容词性物主代词，名词 性物主代词。（3）反身代词（4）指 示代词（5）相互代词
nothing和someone/anyone/everyone/no one 却不能。 As we were asleep, none of us heard the
sound. None of them knew about the plan because it was kept a secret. 三、any, every的区别
The boy is old enough to take care of himself.(介宾） 2）表语 She is not quite herself today. 3)同位语 I myself can repair the bike.
2.含有反身代词的惯用语
（1）与介词连用 You’ll have to see if he has gone to the
只能做名词或动名词的定语。 This is our classroom. His father is an engineer. Would you mind my opening the window? Our country is a developing country. 2.名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代
2.what,which的区别
which 是在已知范围内进行选择，后面可跟 of短语；what是在未知范围内进行选择，后
面不可跟of短语。 Which (of the animals) is bigger, an elephant or a horse?(有范围） What do you want to read?(无范围）
somebody/everyone/everybody/anyone/any body连用。
If I had some money, I would lend him some, but unfortunately, I had none.
3.none后面可跟of短语，而 something/anything/everything/
四、every, each的区别
each强调“个体”，可做代词和形容词，指 “两个或两个以上中的每一个”；every强 调“全体”，只能做定语，指“三个或三 个以上”。each做同位语时，不影响谓语 动词的数，不可用not each表部分否定。
Each of my children goes to a different school. 主语
4.What的习惯用法
what is the population/the distance /the price of the book/ your address / your attitude/the height/weight/the
depth/length/width/size?
一、both,all, either,any, neither,none 的用法
either. I had to buy all these books because I didn’t know which one was the best.
二、none, nothing, nobody (no one)的用法区别
1.none既可指人，也可指物，且表特指概念， 常回答how many, how much引导的疑问句。 no one只能指人，且表泛指概念，常回答 who引导的疑问句；nothing只能指物，且 表泛指概念，常回答what引导的疑问句。
every+名词都表示全部肯定；no one, none, nobody, nothing, not…any以及no+名词都表示全部
否定；但当not出现在含有全部肯定的不定代词的 句子中，不管not在它们之前还是在它们之后都表 示部分否定。此外not与总括性副词
词+名词”，可单独做主语、宾语、表语。 此外，名词性物主代词还可与名词及of连用，
构成双重所有格，即：
a/an/this/that/these/those/some/any/several/ no/each/every/such/another/which+名词+
of+名词性物主代词。 This is her coat. Mine is over there. Some friends of mine will attend my birthday party. That car of hers is always breaking down. I know each brother of his.
----How much money do you have? ---None.
---What are you doing now? ----Nothing.
2.none往往与前面的some/any/
every+名词连用; nothing往往与前面的 something/anything/everything连用；no one/nobody往往与前面someone/
which(ever),
what(ever)
四、疑问代词
1.what,who的区别 what 问职业、地位； who问姓名或身份。 ---Who is that man? ---He is her
husband. ---What was the man over there? ----He was a doctor.
2.人称代词有时也可用作名词
• It’s not a she; it’s a he.
• 3.人称代词单独使用时，一般不用主格而用 宾格。
----Glad to meet you. ----Me,too. 4.代词they(不分性别）代表已提到过的一些
人或事物。 The browns phoned. They’re coming round this evening.
3.whatever,whichever,whoever
Whatever,whichever,whoever分别为what, which,who的强调形式，相当于what/which/ who on earth (in the world) 到底（究竟）什
么/哪一个/谁 Whatever do you want? Whoever gave you the book?
any+名词表示“（三个或三个以 上）”
即：这个或那个或那个；every+名词表示 “三个或三个以上中的）每一个”，即：这个和那
个和那个。not any表示全部否定，而not every+名词表部分否定。 I have many books here, and you can take any
one. Every student has to take the examination. =All the students have to take the examination.
school for yourself.(亲自） The computer can shut off of itself. (=naturally自动地） Jim is not bad in himself, but he is a little shy. (本质地）
One would rather have a bedroom
力、知觉；苏醒过来） When he woke up, he found himself in
hospital.(find oneself 发现自己不知不觉来到） help oneself to 别客气，请自便，随便取用
四、疑问代词
who(ever), whom(ever), whose(ever),
一二 三 复复 复 we you they
us you them
物主代词
人 称
物形
主
容 词
代性
词名
词 性
一 二 三（单） 单单
一二 三 复复 复
my your his her its our your their
mine your his hers its ours yours theirs
1.形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，
to oneself.(=for one’s own private use; not to be shared独自享用）
One can’t play tennis by oneself.(=alone, without help单独地、独自地） He was beside himself with joy when he
heard he had passed the exam. (=almost mad with anger/excitement,etc. 由于气愤、激动等而发狂、忘形）
（2）与代词连用
enjoy yourself! (=Have a good time!) behave yourself.(=be polite; show good
（6）不定代词（7）疑问代词（8）连接代词
（名词性从句）（9）关系代词（定语从句） 其次，要重点掌握几组易混词，尤其是不定
代词间的用法区别。 一、人称代词 1.当说话者不清楚或不必要知道说话对象的
性别时，可以用it来表示。 It’s a lovely baby. Is it a boy or a girl?
--Susan ,go and join your sister
cleaning the yard.
---Why me? John is sitting there doing nothing.
格一
单
人
主I
称格
二 三（单数） 单
you he she it
代
词 宾 me you him her it 格
不定代词
都 任何 都不
两者
both either neither
两者
或三 all
者以 上
any none
--You’re always working. Come on,
let’s go shopping.
All you ever want to do is going shopping. ---There’s coffee and tea; You can have
say/talk/tell/think to oneself 暗自（在心中），自言自语 He is always boasting himself.(自夸） A moment later, he came to himself. (=regain self-control or consciousness，恢复自制
He had a cut on each foot. 定语
each可做主、宾、定、同
Each of the tickets costs 10 dollars. 主语 =The tickets cost 10 dollars each. 同位语 =The tickets each cost 10 dollars. 同位语 五、全部否定和部分否定 all ,both, everyone,everybody,everything以及
反身 代 词
一 二 三（单） 一 二 三
单单
复复复
my- your- him- her- itself our- your- them
self self self self
selv -
es es selv
es
三、反身代词
1.反身代词基本用法： 1）宾语 Tom taught himself Chinese.(动宾）
manners) 使举止良好 absent oneself 缺课、缺勤 devote oneself to 专心于；献身于 apply oneself to 专心致志于 adapt oneself to 适应于 make oneself at home 不要客气
seat oneself(=sit) 坐