2012_职称英语考试理工类_教材_词汇汇总
2012年职称英语理工类教材变化(含新增文章目录)
词汇选项题量不变，一共10组词汇，每组15道小题没有新增阅读判断没有新增概括大意与完成句子没有新增2012版职称英语理工类教材阅读理解一共新增6篇文章，其中理工C新增阅读两篇：第六篇Making Light of Sleep，第十九篇Graphene's Superstrength理工B新增阅读两篇：第三十八篇 "Life Form Found" on Saturn's Titan，第四十篇Teaching Math, Teaching Anxiety理工A新增阅读两篇：第四十五篇Small But Wise ，第四十六篇Ants have Big Impact on Environment as "Ecosystem Engineers"理工C复习范围：阅读第1-30篇理工B复习范围：阅读第1-40篇理工A复习范围：阅读第1-50篇2012版职称英语理工类教材完型填空一共新增4篇文章，其中理工C完型新增一篇(第三篇Germs on Banknotes)理工B完型新增两篇(笫十一篇Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities 和第十二篇Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk)理工A完型新增一篇（第十五篇"Liquefaction" Key to Much of Japanese Earthquake Damage）理工C复习范围：完型第1-10篇理工B复习范围：完型第1-12篇理工A复习范围：完型第1-15篇【理工类教材阅读理解篇目录】第一篇 Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles第二篇 World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than SomePredict第三篇 Citizen Scientists第四篇 Motoring Technology第五篇 Late-Night Drinking第六篇 Weaving with Light（2011理工C阅读真题）---2012版教材改为Making Light of Sleep第七篇 Sugar Power for Cell Phones第八篇 Eiffel Is an Eyeful第九篇 Egypt Felled by Famine第十篇 Young Female Chimps Outlearn Their Brothers第十一篇 The Net Cost of Making a Name for Yourself第十二篇 Florida Hit by Cold Air Mass第十三篇 Invisibility Ring第十四篇 Japanese Car Keeps Watch for Drunk Drivers第十五篇 Winged Robot Learns to Fly第十六篇 Japanese Drilling into Core of Earth第十七篇 A Sunshade for the Planet第十八篇 Thirst for Oil第十九篇 Prolonging Human Life ---2012版教材改为Graphene's Superstrength第二十篇 Explorer of the Extreme Deep ；第二十一篇 Plant Gas第二十二篇 Snowflakes第二十三篇 Powering a City It's a Breeze.第二十四篇 Underground Coal Fires — a Looming Catastrophe第二十五篇 Eat to Live第二十六篇 Male and Female Pilots Cause Accidents Differently第二十七篇 Driven to Distraction第二十八篇 Sleep Lets Brain File Memories第二十九篇 Food Fright第三十篇 Digital Realm*第三十一篇 Hurricane Katrina*第三十二篇 Mind-reading Machine*第三十三篇Experts Call for Local and Regional Control of Sites for Radioactive Waste*第三十四篇 Batteries Built by Viruses*第三十五篇 Putting Plants to Work*第三十六篇 Listening Device Provides Landslide Early Warning*第三十七篇 "Don't Drink Alone" Gets New Meaning*第三十八篇 Longer Lives for Wild Elephants（2011理工B阅读真题）---2012版教材改为"Life Form Found" on Saturn's Titan*第三十九篇 Clone Farm*第四十篇 Air Pollution Cloud Measured on Both Sides of Pacific ---2012版教材改为Teaching Math, Teaching Anxiety+ 第四十一篇 Too Little for Global Warming+ 第四十二篇 Renewable Energy Sources+ 第四十三篇 Forecasting Methods+ 第四十四篇 Defending the Theory of Evolution Still Seems Needed+ 第四十五篇 Some People Do Not Taste Salt Like Others（2011理工A阅读真题）---2012版教材改为Small But Wise+ 第四十六篇 Marvelous Metamaterials ---2012版教材改为Ants have Big Impact on Environment as "Ecosystem Engineers"+ 第四十七篇 Listening to Birdsong+ 第四十八篇 "Hidden，，Species May Be Surprisingly Common "+ 第四十九篇 U. S. Scientists Confirm Water on Mars+ 第五十篇 Cell Phones Increase Traffic, Pedestrian Fatalities【理工类教材完形填空篇目录】第一篇 Captain Cook Arrow Legend第二篇 Avalanche and Its Safety ,第三篇 What Is the Coolest Gas in the Universe（2011理工C完形真题）---2012版教材改为Germs on Banknotes第四篇 Animal's "Sixth Sense"第五篇 Singing Alarms Could Save the Blind第六篇 Car Thieves Could Be Stopped Remotely第七篇 An Intelligent Car第八篇 A Biological Clock笫九篇 Wonder Webs第十篇 Less Is More ---2012版教材改为Chicken Soup for the Soul: Comfort Food Fights Loneliness*笫十一篇 China to Help Europe Develop GPS Rival ---2012版教材改为Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities*第十二篇 Smoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in Teens（2011理工B完形真题）---2012版教材改为Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk+第十三篇 Cell Phone Lets Your Secret Out+第十四篇 Sharks Perform a Service for Earth's Waters+第十五篇 Young Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ Scores （2011理工A完形真题）---2012版教材改为"Liquefaction" Key to Much of Japanese Earthquake Damage【理工类教材阅读理解篇目录】第一篇Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles第二篇World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than SomePredict第三篇Citizen Scientists第四篇Motoring Technology第五篇Late-Night Drinking第六篇（新增）Making Light of Sleep第七篇Sugar Power for Cell Phones第八篇Eiffel Is an Eyeful第九篇Egypt Felled by Famine第十篇Young Female Chimps Outlearn Their Brothers第十一篇The Net Cost of Making a Name for Yourself第十二篇Florida Hit by Cold Air Mass第十三篇Invisibility Ring第十四篇Japanese Car Keeps Watch for Drunk Drivers第十五篇Winged Robot Learns to Fly第十六篇Japanese Drilling into Core of Earth第十七篇A Sunshade for the Planet第十八篇Thirst for Oil第十九篇（新增）Graphene's Superstrength第二十篇Explorer of the Extreme Deep ；第二十一篇Plant Gas第二十二篇Snowflakes第二十三篇Powering a City It's a Breeze.第二十四篇Underground Coal Fires — a Looming Catastrophe第二十五篇Eat to Live第二十六篇Male and Female Pilots Cause Accidents Differently第二十七篇Driven to Distraction第二十八篇Sleep Lets Brain File Memories第二十九篇Food Fright第三十篇Digital Realm*第三十一篇Hurricane Katrina*第三十二篇Mind-reading Machine*第三十三篇Experts Call for Local and Regional Control of Sites for RadioactiveWaste*第三十四篇Batteries Built by Viruses*第三十五篇Putting Plants to Work*第三十六篇Listening Device Provides Landslide Early Warning*第三十七篇"Don't Drink Alone" Gets New Meaning*第三十八篇（新增）"Life Form Found" on Saturn's Titan*第三十九篇Clone Farm*第四十篇（新增）Teaching Math, Teaching Anxiety+ 第四十一篇Too Little for Global Warming+ 第四十二篇Renewable Energy Sources+ 第四十三篇Forecasting Methods+ 第四十四篇Defending the Theory of Evolution Still Seems Needed+ 第四十五篇（新增）Small But Wise+ 第四十六篇（新增）Ants have Big Impact on Environment as "Ecosystem Engineers" + 第四十七篇Listening to Birdsong+ 第四十八篇"Hidden，，Species May Be Surprisingly Common "+ 第四十九篇U. S. Scientists Confirm Water on Mars+ 第五十篇Cell Phones Increase Traffic, Pedestrian Fatalities【理工类教材完形填空篇目录】第一篇Captain Cook Arrow Legend第二篇Avalanche and Its Safety ,第三篇（新增）Germs on Banknotes第四篇Animal's "Sixth Sense"第五篇Singing Alarms Could Save the Blind第六篇Car Thieves Could Be Stopped Remotely第七篇An Intelligent Car第八篇A Biological Clock笫九篇Wonder Webs第十篇（新增）Chicken Soup for the Soul: Comfort Food Fights Loneliness*笫十一篇（新增）Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities*第十二篇（新增）Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk+第十三篇Cell Phone Lets Your Secret Out+第十四篇Sharks Perform a Service for Earth's Waters+第十五篇（新增）"Liquefaction" Key to Much of Japanese Earthquake Damage。
2012年职称英语词汇表40页考试必备
Aa anart.1.一(个)2.每一(个)3.(同类事物中的)任何一个abandonvt. 放弃,遗弃,丢弃abbeyn.1.修道院 2.大教堂ABCn.1.字母表 2.基础知识 ,abdomenn. 腹部abdominaladj.腹部的abilityn.1.能力,本领2.(pl.)才能,才识ableadj.1.有(能力、时间、知识等)做某事的2.有本事的,能干的be able to：能够,会aboardadv./prep.在船(车、飞行器)上,上船(车、飞行器)abolisvt.废除,取消abortionn.流产,堕胎aboutprep.1.在…周围2.关于,对于adv.1.附近,周围,到处2.大约aboveprep.在…之上,高于above all：尤其是,最主要的是adj.上述的,上面的adv.1.在上面,往上2.更多abroadadv.1.到国外,在海外2.遍布,到处absence n.1.缺席2.缺乏,缺少absentadj.1.缺席的 2.缺乏的3.不在意的,茫然的be absent from：缺席accommodatevt.1.为…提供住宿2.容纳,接纳3.使适应,调节accommodationn.1.膳宿供应2.(pl.)提供便利的设备(或用具)3.适应,调节accompanyvt.1.陪伴,陪同 2.为…伴奏accomplishvt.完成,实现,成就accordancen.一致,相符in accordance with：依照,依据,与…一致according toprep.按照,根据accountvi.说明(理由等)account for：说明,解释(原因等)n.1.陈述,说明 2.账户,(pl.)账目3.原因,理由On account of：基于,由于On all accounts：无论如何on no account：决不take into account：考虑,重视accountantn.会计,出纳accurateadj.准确的,精确的accusationn.告发,控告accusevt.1.指责2.控告accuse…of指责某人,控告某人accustomvt.使习惯be accustomed to：习惯于acen.1.“A”牌 2.能手,专家3.发球得分absoluteadj.1.绝对的,完全的2.确实的,肯定的absorbvt.1.吸收2.使全神贯注abstractadj.抽象的,不具体的n.摘要,提要academicadj.1.学术的 2.学院的3.学究的academyn.1.(高等)院校,研究院2.学会,协会accentn.1.口音2.重音acceptvt.1.接受,领受 2.认可,同意vi.同意,认可acceptableadj.1.可接受的 2.合意的,受欢迎的acceptancen.1.接受2.承认,认可accessn.1.接近,获得(机会等)2.人口,通道 .have/gain access to：有(机会、手段、权力)得到/接近/进入accidentn.意外事件,事故by accident：意外地,偶然地achevi.痛n.痛,疼痛achievevt.1.完成,实现2.(经过努力)获得,达到achievementn.1.成就,成绩2.实现,达到acidadj.酸的,酸性的n.酸acknowledgevt.1.承认 2.感谢 3.告知收到(信件等)acquirevt.1.获得,取得 2.学到(知识等),养成(习惯等)acquisitionn. 获得(物)acren.英亩acrossprep.1.横过,穿过 2.在…的对面3.交叉4.经过(一段时间)adv.1.横过,穿过2.在另一边actvi.1.行动,做 2.起作用3.表演vt.1.扮演(角色)2.装作n.1.行为,行动2.法令,条例3.(戏剧的)一幕actionn.1.活动,行为2.作用activeadj.有活力的,积极的,主动的activistn.积极分子activityn.1.(pl.)活动,所做的事情2.活动性,活跃actorn.1.演员,男演员2.行动者actressn.女演员actualadj.事实上的,实际的actuallyadv.实际上acuteadj.1.(头脑或五官)灵敏的,敏锐的2.急性的A.D.公元adn.广告adaptvt.1.使适应,使适合2.改写,改编adapt...to：使适合,使适用addvi.1.增加2.加,相加add(up)to：累计为,总数达vt.1.加,增加 2.接着讲(或写)addictvt.使成瘾,热衷于be addicted to：嗜好,爱好addictionn.沉溺,吸毒成瘾additionn.1.加,加法2.附加部分,增加in addition to：除…之外,另外additionaladj.附加的,另外的addressn.1.地址,住址2.讲话,演说vt.1.向…讲话2.写姓名地址adequateadj.足够的,充分的adjoinvt.贴近,与…毗邻adjustvt.1.调整,调节 2.校准,校对vi.1.调整,校准2.(to)适应于administrationn.1.管理,经营2.行政机关admirevt.羡慕,赞美,钦佩admissionn.1.允许进入 2.入场费3.坦白,承认admitvt.1.承认 2.接纳,招收adolescencen.青春期,青少年adoptvt.1.采用,采取(态度等)2.选定(道路、职业等)3.收养adultadj.成年人的,已成熟的n.成年人advancevt.1.促进,推进 2.提升,提高3.提出vi.前进,进展n.1.发展,前进2.预付款项3.增长,抬高in advance：预先,在前面advantagen.1.优势,优点2.利益,好处take advantage of：利用,趁机adventuren.1.冒险活动2.奇遇advertisementn.1.广告2.做广告,登广告advicen.忠告,劝告advisevt.1.劝告,建议 2.通告,通知advisern.劝告者,顾问affairn.1.事情,事件2.(pl.)事务,事态affectvt.1.影响,作用 2.感动3.(疾病)侵袭affectionn.1.慈爱,爱,感情2.作用,影响affordvt.1.担负得起,买得起,抽得出(时间等)2.提供afraidadj.1.害怕的,畏惧的2.恐怕的,担心的be afraid of：害怕African.非洲Africanadj.非洲(人)的n.非洲人afterprep.在…以后,在…后面adv.以后,后来conj.在…以后afternoonn.下午,午后afterward(s)adv.以后,后来againadv.1.再,又2.(回)到原处,恢复原状again and again：反复地now and again：不时地,常常地time and again：反复地,一次又一次地againstprep.1.逆,反(对),违反 2.紧靠着,倚在3.与…对照,对比agen.1.年龄2.时代v.(使)变老,(使)老化agencyn.1.代理(权),代办2.力量,(能动)作用3.机构agendan.议事日程,记事册agentn.代理人,经办人aggressionn.侵略,攻击aggressiveadj.1.侵略的,侵犯的2.爱挑衅的,放肆的3.有进取心的,敢作敢为的agoadv.以前agonyn.(极度的)痛苦,创痛agreevi.1-赞同,答应 2.适合,一致3.商定,约定agree on/upon：对…意见一致agree to：同意,答应agree with：赞同,适合agreementn.1.协议,约定2.同意,达成协议agriculturen.农业aheadadv.在前,提前ahead of在…之前aidn.1.帮助,援助2.助手,辅助设备3.救护vt.1.帮助,援助 2.急救aimn.1.目的,目标2.瞄准,针对vi.(at)1.目的在于,企图2.瞄准,对准vt.把…瞄准,把…对准airn.1.大气,空气2.态度,神态by air：1.通过航空途径2.用无线电vt.通风aircraftn.飞机,飞艇,航空器airlinen.1.(飞机的)航线 2.航空公司airmailn.航空邮件,航空邮政airplane(英：aeroplane)n.飞机airportn.飞机场alarmn.1.惊恐2.警报3.警报器vt.1.使…惊恐2.向…报警album n.相片册,邮票簿alcoholn.1.酒精,乙醇2.含酒精的饮料alikeadj.相似的,相像的aliveadj.1.活着的,存在的2.有活力的,活泼的alladj.1.全部的,整个的2.非常的,极度的adv.完全地,十分地pron.全体,一切above all：首先,尤其是all over：到处,遍及in all：总计allegevt.断言,声称allegationadj.断言,主张,见解allegedadj.被说成的,被指称的allegedlyadv.据说alliancen.结盟,联盟,联姻alliedadj.联合的,同盟的,联姻的allowvt.1.允许,准许 2.承认3.给予vi.(for)考虑到,顾及allyn.1.同盟者2.伙伴3.同类almostadv.几乎,差不多aloneadj.1.单独的,孤独的2.唯一的adv.1.单独地,独自地2.只有,仅仅alongprep.沿着all along：始终,一直adv.向前alongsideprep.1.在…旁边,沿着…的边2.和…在一起3.和…相比adv.在旁边,并排地aloudadv.1.大声地 2.响亮地alreadyadv.已经,早已alsoadv.1.也,同样2.而且,还not only...butalso...：不但…而且altervt.1.改变,更改 2.改做(衣服等)vi.改变,变化alternativeadj.1.两者选一的 2.交替的n.1.两者选一 2.替换物3.交替althoughconj.尽管,虽然altituden.1.高度 2.海拔3.(pl.)高处altogetheradv.1.总共 2.完全地3.总之alumin(i)amn.铝alwaysadv.1.总是,一向2.始终,永远amateuradj.业余的n.业余爱好者amazevt.使惊讶,使吃惊amazingadj.令人惊讶的,令人吃惊的ambassadorn.大使,专使ambitionn.1.野心,雄心2.抱负,志向ambitiousadj.1.有雄心的,有抱负的2.热望的ambulancen.救护车(船、飞机等)amendmentn.1.改正,修正,改善2.修正案American.1.美洲2.美国Americanadj.1.美洲(人)的 2.美国(人)的n.1.美洲人2.美国人amidprep.在…中,在…当中among(st)prep.在…之中,在…中间amountvi.(to)1.总汁2.等于n.1.数额,数量2.总和,总额amplifyvt.1.扩大,加大 2.引申,详述amusevt.1.逗乐,使开心 2.给…提供娱乐analysevt.分析,分解analysisn.分析,分解in the final (1ast)analysis：归根结底ancestorn.祖宗。
2012年职称英语(理工B类)阅读理解中英文背诵模板
2012年职称英语（理工类）阅读理解中英文背诵模板 (2)*第三十一篇Hurricane Katrina (2)*第三十二篇 Mind-reading Machine (2)*第三十三篇 Experts Call for Local and Regional Control of Sites for Radioactive Waste (B级) (4)*第三十四篇（新增） Batteries Built by Viruses (4)*第三十五篇Putting Plants to work (6)*第三十六篇 Listening Device Provides Landslide Early Warning (7)*第三十七篇"Don't Drink Alone" Gets New Meaning (7)*第三十八篇（新增）“Life Form Found” on Saturn’s Titan（理B） (9)*第三十九篇Clone Farm (10)*第四十篇 Teaching Math, Teaching Anxiety (11)2012年职称英语（理工类）阅读理解中英文背诵模板*第三十一篇 Hurricane Katrina文章名称 问题 答案Hurricane Katrina 31.Hurricane Katrina （理B ）1) What is the eye of a hurricane?2) Which of the following is NOT the “requirements ”mentioned in the second paragraph?3) Which of the following is the best explanationof the word “drive ” in the third paragraph?4) What does the warm air mentioned in the fourthparagraph produce when it is rising from the seasurface?5) What is NOT true of Hurricane Katrina accordingto the last paragraph? 31.Hurricane Katrina （理B ）1) A calm central region of low pressurebetween 12 to 60 miles in diameter.2) The tropical waters are warm and calm.3) To supply the motive force or power andcause to function.4) Low pressure.5) The humanitarian crisis is as serious asthat of the great depression.卡特里娜飓风 31. 卡特里娜飓风（理B ） ①飓风眼是指____________。
2012年职称英语理工类(B级)
2012年职称英语等级考试用书（理工类）第一部分词汇选项词汇1-10第二部分阅读判断第一篇 *Computer Mouse第二篇*Study Helps Predict Big Mediterranean Quake第三部分概括大意和完成句子第一篇 *The Tiniest Electric Motor in the World第二篇*A Strong Greenhouse Gas第四部阅读理解*第三十一篇 Hurricane Katrina*第三十二篇 Mind-reading Machine*第三十三篇 Experts Call for Local and Regional Control of Sites for Radioactive*第三十四篇Batteries Built by Viruses*第三十五篇 Putting Plants to work*第三十六篇 Listening Device Provides Landslide Early Warning*第三十七篇 "Don't Drink Alone" Gets New Meaning*第三十八篇 "Life Form Found" on Saturn's Titan*第三十九篇 Clone Farm*第四十篇 Teaching Math, Teaching Anxiety第五部分补全短文第一篇*Virtual Driver第二篇*Musical Training Can Improve Communication Skills第六部分完型填空*第十一篇 Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities*第十二篇 Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk目录第二部分阅读判断 (19)第十一篇Computer Mouse (19)第十二篇Study Helps Predict Big Mediterranean Quake (20)第十二篇A Strong Greenhouse Gas (23)第三十一篇Hurricane Katrina (25)第三十二篇Mind-reading 1Machine（B级） (26)第三十三篇Experts Call for Local and Regional Control of Sites for Radioactive Waste (B级) (27)第三十四篇Batteries Built by Viruses (29)第三十五篇Putting Plants to Work (30)第三十六篇Listening Device Provides Landslide Early Warning (32)第三十七篇“Don’t Drink Alone” Gets New Meaning (33)*第三＋八篇"Life Form Found" on Saturn's Titan (34)第三十九篇Clone Farm (36)*第四十篇Teaching Math, T eaching Anxiety (37)第五部分补全短文 (39)第十一篇Virtual Driver (39)第十二篇Musical Training Can Improve Communication Skills (40)第六部分完形填空 (41)*第十一篇 Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities (41)*第十二篇 Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk (43)第二部分阅读判断 (45)第三部分概括大意和完成句子 (46)第四部分阅读理解 (47)第五部分补全短文 (52)第六部分完形填空 (53)第一部分词汇选项。
2012年全国职称英语考试大纲词汇
2012年全国职称英语考试大纲词汇2012年全国职称英语考试大纲词汇(第1课)单词词义教材出处（英文）教材出处（译文）widespread adj. 普遍的，广泛的；分布广的Before the widespread use of computers, the information either reached managers too late or was too expensive to be used.(原文:10年教材，阅读) 计算机广泛应用之前，信息要么到达经理处太迟，要么费用太贵而用不起。
hold,held, holdenvt. 持有；保存；拥有；拘留；约束或控制vi. 持续；支持；有效n. 保留；控制On his shoulder he carried a club and in his hand he helda bow(弓).(原文:09年教材，Hercules)他（Hercules ）肩扛棍棒,手持弓。
spacious adj. 宽敞的，广阔的；无边无际的。
We were told that ours was the most spacious room in the hotel.(原文:10年教材，阅读)我们被告知,我们的（婚礼）是最宽敞的房间在旅馆里。
explain v. 说明；解释Biologists are unable to explain why Dinosaurs aredying.(原文:10年教材，阅读)生物学家不能解释为什么恐龙灭亡。
forbiddenadj. 严禁的，禁用的；被禁止的 Women could not take part and were forbidden, on pain of death ，even to attend the Games.(原文:11年教材，阅读) 妇女不能参加甚至被禁止出席这个运动会decentadj. 得体的；正派的；相当好的 I want to provide my boys with a decent education.(原文:09年教材，阅读)我想给我的孩子们提供良好的教育。
英语职称必备单词
摘要：严格说来，职称英语考试其实并不能算是一项考试，它只是职称评定中的一个考核项目，因此考生们在复习时完全没有必要一副苦大仇深的样子，只要做好一个适合自己的计划，并认真备考，职称英语考试并不是很难。
为了帮助2012年职称英语考生有效备考职称英语考试，现特别整理了2012年全国职称英语考试理工类必备词汇，希望会对您有所帮助。
1）动词词组根据其后的搭配又可分为①动+名；②动+介；③动+副；2）后接动名词的固定搭配、形容词词组、易混词组动词+名词形式have/gain access to可以获得gain/have an advantage over胜过，优于take advantage of利用，趁…之机d0/try one's best尽力，努力make the best of充分利用，妥善处理catch one's breath屏息，歇口气take care of照顾，照料take charge of担任，负责take a delight in以…为乐take…into account考虑pay the way for为…铺平道路pay attention to注意get the best of 胜过get the.better of打败，致胜take care小心。
当心take a chance冒险一试keep company with与…交往make a/the difference有影响，很重要put into effect实行，生效take effect生效，起作用keep an eye on留意，照看find fault埋怨，挑剔come/go into force生效，实施be friends with对…友好，与…交上朋友keep one's head保持镇静carry/bring into effect使生效，使起作用come/go into effect生效，实施catch one eye引人注目make a face做鬼脸catch fire着火make friends交朋友，友好相处2012职称英语考试理工类词汇梳理1）动词词组根据其后的搭配又可分为①动+名；②动+介；③动+副；2）后接动名词的固定搭配、形容词词组、易混词组其他固定搭配credit card信用卡next door隔壁face to face面对面地a few有些，几个a little一点，稍微，一些，少许quite a little相当多，不少the moment（that）一……就I.D.card身份证no doubt无疑，必定out of doors在户外as a matter of fact实际情况，真相quite a few还不少，有相当数目的little by little逐渐地no matter无论no more不再fair play公平竞赛；公平对待rest room厕所，盥洗室side by side肩并肩，一个挨一个step by step逐步all the time一直，始终once in a while偶尔，有时word for word逐字地in demand有需要，销路好primary school小学heart and soul全心全意ahead 0ftime提前once upon a time从前no wonder难怪，怪不得decline with thanks婉言谢绝2012职称英语考试理工类词汇梳理1）动词词组根据其后的搭配又可分为①动+名；②动+介；③动+副；2）后接动名词的固定搭配、形容词词组、易混词组动词+介词形式account for说明（原因等）allow for考虑到arrive at达成，得出ask for请求，要求begin with从开始break off断绝，结束break up中止，结束；打碎，折断aim at瞄准，针对appeal to呼吁，要求ask after询问，问候attach to附属于，隶属于break into闯入break through突破bring about带来，造成bring down打倒，挫伤；降低Bring forth产生，提出Bring forward提出bring up教育，培养，使成长call for邀请；要求，需求call off放弃，取消call on/upon访问，拜访；号召，呼吁care for照管，关心；喜欢，意欲early on继续下去；从事，经营come to总计，达到；苏醒，复原count up把…相加bring out使出现；公布；出版build up积累；堵塞；树立，逐步建立；增进；锻炼call forth唤起，引起；振作起，鼓起catch at抓住（东西）call up召集，动员；打电话carry off夺去carry out贯彻，执行；实现count on依靠；期待，指望cover up掩饰，掩盖deal with处理，对付，安排fill in/out填充，填定get into进入，陷入g0 into进入；研究，调查go through经历，经受；详细检查go without没有…也行keep to保持，坚持2012职称英语考试理工类词汇梳理1）动词词组根据其后的搭配又可分为①动+名；②动+介；③动+副；2）后接动名词的固定搭配、形容词词组、易混词组动词+副词形式break down损坏，分解，瓦解break in闯入；打断；插嘴break out光出；突然发生，爆发burn out烧掉catch on理解，明白check out结账后离开；检验，核查cheer up使高兴，使振奋clear up收拾；澄清；放晴come off实现，成功，奏效come out出版；出现，显露；结果是bring to使恢复知觉burn up烧起来，旺起来；烧完check in办理登记手续check up（on）校对，检查，检验clear away扫除，收拾make it clear that弄清楚come on来吧，快点；出场，上演come round（around）来访；苏醒，复原come up走近，上来；发生，被提出cut back削减，减少cut in（汽车）抢道；插嘴，打断cut out删除die down渐渐消失，平息draw in（火车、汽车）到站dress up穿上盛装，打扮得很漂亮dry out干透，使干come through经历，脱脸cross out删去，取消cut down削减，降低cut 0ff切断；删去；停止cut short突然停止die out消失，来绝draw up写上，画上；草拟；停住drop bv/in顺便来访dry up干涸，枯竭drop 0ff减弱，减少fall behind落后fall throug}l落空，失败find out查明get around/round走动，旅行；（消息）传开get by通过，经过get in进入；收获，收集get over克服；（从病中）恢复过来have got t0（d0）不得不，必须drop out退出，离队fall out争吵；结果是feed in输入get across解释清楚，使人了解get away逃脱，离开get down从…下来；写下get 0ff从…下来；离开，动身，开始get through结束，完成；接通电话get together集合，聚集2012职称英语考试理工类词汇梳理1）动词词组根据其后的搭配又可分为①动+名；②动+介；③动+副；2）后接动名词的固定搭配、形容词词组、易混词组后接动名词的固定搭配aim at目的在于，旨在；瞄准depend on取决于engage in从事于，忙着；订婚g0 on继续；发生insist 0n坚持keep on继续不断，保持persist in坚持，持续put 0ff推迟，推延succeed in成功think of想起，想到；想一想accuse…0f…控告；谴责devote to奉献，致力feel like欲，想要cannot/couldnt help禁不住；不得不keep from使…不（做）look forward to盼望，期待prevent…from预防，防止set about开始，着手thank for感谢add up to合计，总计break away（from）脱离，逃跑come true实现，达到come up with提出，提供do away with废除，去掉‘have nothing to do with和…毫无关系make believe假装catch up with追上，赶上come up to达到，符合concern with关心，挂念；从事于have something to do with和…有点关系fall back on求助于，转而依靠fall in with符合，与…一致as follows如下get through到达，完成，及格be fed up with感到厌烦get along/0n with有进展，有进步get somewhere有些；结果get down to开始，着手get the better 0f占上风，胜过give onese away泄露，露马脚give way to给…让路，对…让步，被…代替go back on违背go before居前have to/have got t0不得不，必须help oneself自取所需（食物）keep out of躲开，置身…之外get out of逃避，改掉have get有give oneself up自首，投降，投案go along with陪同前往，随行g0 in for从事，致力于，追求hang on to紧握住，坚持下去have t0 do with与…有关hold on t0紧紧抓住，坚持keep up with向…看齐，跟上…let alone不干涉；更不用说let go放开，松手look down 0n看不起，轻视be made up of由…构成，由…组成never mind不要紧，没关系put up with容忍，忍受run out of用完，用尽，耗尽lend itself to适用于，对…有用let loose放开，放松，释放live up to做到，不负look up to尊敬，敬仰make up for补偿，弥补put in for申请refer t0…as把…称作，把…当做serve right活该，给应得的待遇set in来临，流行stand up for为…辩护；维护come to stay木已成舟take…as把…作为think better 0f改变主意，重新考虑throw down推倒set out to打算，着手stand up t0面对，坚决抵抗；经得起stay by守在一边think 0f…as把…看做是，以为…是throw about乱丢（东西）,乱花（钱）throw（a）light on照亮，阐明2012职称英语考试理工类词汇梳理1）动词词组根据其后的搭配又可分为①动+名；②动+介；③动+副；2）后接动名词的固定搭配、形容词词组、易混词组形容词的固定搭配be able to（do）能（做）,会（做）be absent from缺勤，缺课be accustomed to习惯于be active in积极于be alive to发觉，感觉，对…敏感be angry with对…发怒be anxious for急切盼望，渴望be ashamed 0f为…感到害臊be about to（do）即将，正要be abundant in富于，富有be acquainted with与…相识，熟悉be afraid of恐怕，害怕，担忧be angry at因某事生气be anxious about担心，为…担忧be anxious t0（do）渴望（做）be aware of意识到be bad at拙于，不善于be based 0n根据，以…为基础be beside oneself忘乎所以be badly off生活穷困be bent on热恋于，一心想be better 0ff处境较好，情况好转be born in出生于…be bound to（do）一定会，不得不be burned out住所被烧光be busy with忙于…be careful 0f爱惜，注意be born 0f出生于…（家庭）be buried in沉思，陷入，专心于be busy（doing）忙着（做某事）be busy about忙于…be careful t0（do）务必注意（做）be certain to（do）一定（做）,必然（做）be confident in对…有信心be clever at擅长于be composed of由…组成be connected with与…有关be covered with被…覆盖be curious t0（do）很想（做）be derived from由…得到be capable of能够be characterized by以…为特征be combined with与…结合be concerned about关心，挂念be coupled with与…配合be crowded with挤满，拥塞be dependent on/upon取决于，依赖be determined to（do）决心（做）be different from与…不同be divided into被分成be eager to（do）急于要（做）be equal to等于be fed up厌烦be m for适合，胜任be free from没有…的，不受…影响的be frightened at受…惊吓be divided by被…除be eager for渴望be engaged in忙于，从事于be famous for以…著名be filled with充满be fond of喜欢，爱好be friendly to对…友好be glad to（do）乐于（做）,对…感到高兴be good at（doing）善于，擅长be grateful to感谢，感激be independent 0f脱离…而独立，与…无关be interested in对…感兴趣be involved with涉及be known as被称作…，以…著称be late for迟到be mad about迷恋be good for适于，在…期间有效2012职称英语考试理工类词汇梳理1）动词词组根据其后的搭配又可分为①动+名；②动+介；③动+副；2）后接动名词的固定搭配、形容词词组、易混词组理工类必备词汇above all首先，毕竟at a11完全，根本all over遍及，到处not at all一点也不leave alone听其自然，更不用说one after another一个接一个anything but除…以外任何事（物）,根本不as for至于，就…方面说after all终于，毕竟；虽然这样all but几乎，差一点in all总共，总计aU out全力以赴，竭尽全力Along with与…一起one another互相as…as像…一样as if好像，仿佛as though好像，仿佛as well也，又not as/so…as不如…那样back of在…后部，在…背部had better最好还是，应该but for除…以外，倘没有，除非2012职称英语考试理工类词汇梳理1）动词词组根据其后的搭配又可分为①动+名；②动+介；③动+副；2）后接动名词的固定搭配、形容词词组、易混词组理工类必备词汇just now刚才，一会儿以前now that既然，由于and so on等等all at once突然；同时，一起once（and）for all一劳永逸，限此一次by oneself独自地，单独地other than不同于all right好，行ever since从那时起，自那时以来ever so非常，极其so…as to结果是；如此…以至于at once立刻，马上once more再一次，又一次every other每隔一个地over and over（again）一再，再三all round周围，处处and so on/forth等等or so大约，左右So far迄今为止s0 that以便，为的是；结果是such as像…that is（=i.e.）就是说，即up t0起来，从事于，忙于；直至2012职称英语考试理工类词汇梳理1）动词词组根据其后的搭配又可分为①动+名；②动+介；③动+副；2）后接动名词的固定搭配、形容词词组、易混词组要求掌握的基本短语结构hear 0f 听到，听说put into effect生效get out of control失控come to a conclusion得出结论decline invitation辞谢邀请put into use使用，应用put into practice落实be satisfied with满足hardly…when刚…就…avoid doing sth.避免干某事come about发生，出现in support 0f支持bring about发生，引起be different from与…不同out of the question绝不可能in time及时indifferent to不在乎above all最重要的prepare for准备first of a11首先get to开始；到达at the moment此刻be on sale 出售carry through完成2012职称英语考试理工类词汇梳理1）动词词组根据其后的搭配又可分为①动+名；②动+介；③动+副；2）后接动名词的固定搭配、形容词词组、易混词组超纲的其它固定搭配一be satisfied of相信may（might）as well还是…好rule out排斥agree on/upon取得一致意见argue about争论take（make）a stand for捍卫take（make）a stand against反对come after跟随lie up躺着休息without question毫无疑问beside the question离题bring t0 mind使人想起compile dictionary编字典。
2012年职称英语背诵模板(理工类)
5) The author of this passage probably agrees that.
5. Late-night Drinking（理C）
1) coffee is a stimulant.
4) run more miles than petrol driven cars.
5) The legislation will allow more low-emission to produced.
福特放弃电动汽车
1.福特放弃电动汽车（理C）
①针对电动汽车，通用汽车公司和本田汽车公司采取了_____________。
⑤文章的作者认为_________________。
5．深夜喝咖啡(理C)
①刺激物
②咖啡因使得体内睡眠激素的浓度减半
③含咖啡因的咖啡和脱咖啡因咖啡对于睡眠的影响
④喝含咖啡因的咖啡的人产生更少的睡眠激素
⑤晚餐后不宜喝咖啡
第六篇（新增）Making Light of Sleep
1. Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles（理C）
1) They have given up producing electric cars.
2) Will not be the main transportation vehicles in the future.
3) Toyota and Nissan.
4) To call for help when the car gets jammed in the traffic.
5) It will take some time before robotic drivers can be put to practical use.
2012职称英语理工类高频考点词汇复习汇总
2012职称英语理工类高频考点词汇复习汇总为了帮助广大考生有效备考2012年全国职称英语理工类考试，小编特编辑整理了职称英语考试复习资料，希望对您系统掌握2012年职称英语理工类考试的重点内容，顺利通过职称英语考试有所帮助。
1)动词词组根据其后的搭配又可分为①动+名;②动+介;③动+副;2)后接动名词的固定搭配、形容词词组、易混词组动词+名词形式have/gain access to可以获得gain/have an advantage over胜过，优于take advantage of利用，趁…之机do/try one's best尽力，努力make the best of充分利用，妥善处理catch one's breath屏息，歇口气take care of照顾，照料take charge of担任，负责take a delight in以…为乐take…into account考虑pay the way for为...铺平道路pay attention to注意get the best of 胜过get the.better of打败，致胜take care小心.当心take a chance冒险一试keep company with与…交往make a/the difference有影响，很重要put into effect实行，生效take effect生效，起作用keep an eye on留意，照看find fault埋怨，挑剔come/go into force生效，实施be friends with对…友好，与…交上朋友keep one's head保持镇静carry/bring into effect使生效，使起作用come/go into effect生效，实施catch one eye引人注目make a face做鬼脸catch fire着火make friends交朋友，友好相处make fun of取笑，嘲弄lose heart丧失勇气，失去信心get hold of抓住，掌握throw/cast light on使明白，阐明have…in mind记住，考虑到，想到come/go into operation使投入生产，使运转keep/hold pace with跟上，与...同步take place发生，进行come to the point说到要点，扼要地说get/learn by heart记住，背诵keep house管理家务，做家务bear/keep in mind记住make up one's mind下决心put…in order整理，检修play a part in起作用take the place of代替bring/carry into practice实施，实行make progress进步，进展make sense讲得通，有意义keep in touch保持联系lose touch失去联系put…to use使用，利用lead the way带路，引路make way让路，开路give rise to引起，使发生catch the sight of发现，突然看见take one's time不急不忙，从容进行keep track通晓事态，注意动向make use of利用give way让路，让步make one's way前进，进行keep one's word遵守诺言attempt at企图，努力interference in干涉appeal to呼吁，要求attitude to/towards态度，看法influence on影响interference with妨碍，打扰introduction to介绍lots of大量，很多a matter of(关于...)的问题reply to回答，答复a lot(of)许多(的)，大量(的)fall in love with相爱，爱上a number of若干，许多a series of一系列，一连串credit card信用卡next door隔壁face to face面对面地a few有些，几个a little一点，稍微，一些，少许quite a little相当多，不少the moment(that)一……就I.D.card身份证no doubt无疑，必定out of doors在户外as a matter of fact实际情况，真相quite a few还不少，有相当数目的little by little逐渐地no matter无论no more不再fair play公平竞赛;公平对待rest room厕所，盥洗室side by side肩并肩，一个挨一个step by step逐步all the time一直，始终once in a while偶尔，有时word for word逐字地in demand有需要，销路好primary school小学heart and soul全心全意ahead oftime提前once upon a time从前no wonder难怪，怪不得decline with thanks婉言谢绝动词+介词形式account for说明(原因等)allow for考虑到arrive at达成，得出ask for请求，要求begin with从开始break off断绝，结束break up中止，结束;打碎，折断aim at瞄准，针对appeal to呼吁，要求ask after询问，问候attach to附属于，隶属于break into闯入break through突破bring about带来，造成bring down打倒，挫伤;降低bringforth产生，提出bringforward提出bring up教育，培养，使成长call for邀请;要求，需求call off放弃，取消call on/upon访问，拜访;号召，呼吁care for照管，关心;喜欢，意欲early on继续下去;从事，经营come to总计，达到;苏醒，复原count up把…相加bring out使出现;公布;出版build up积累;堵塞;树立，逐步建立;增进;锻炼call forth唤起，引起;振作起，鼓起catch at抓住(东西)call up召集，动员;打电话carry off夺去来源：考试大carry out贯彻，执行;实现count on依靠;期待，指望cover up掩饰，掩盖deal with处理，对付，安排fill in/out填充，填定get into进入，陷入go into进入;研究，调查go through经历，经受;详细检查go without没有...也行keep to保持，坚持live up to不辜负cut across走捷径，抄近路do without没有...也行get at得蓟，接近;意思是go after追求go for竭力想到得;喜爱;支持，拥护go with伴随，与…协调improve on改进lie in在于live on/by靠…生活，以…为食look after照管，照料look for寻找，寻求look over检查.查看，调查make for走向，驶向;有助于play with以...为消遣，玩弄run for竞选see to注意，负责，照料，修理live through度过，经受过look at看望，注视look into调查，观察，过问;窥视look through仔细查看，浏览，温习occur to被想到，被想起refer to参考，查阅，涉及，提到run into撞上，偶然碰见send for派人去请，召唤;索取send in呈报，递交，送来set aside挑出，拨出，留出;拒绝stand by支持，帮助;袖手旁观stand against反抗，抵抗take after与…相像take in接受，吸收;了解，理解touch on关系到，涉及turn to变成;求助于，借助于serve as作为，用作sit for参加stand for代替，代表，意味着stick to坚持，忠于，信守take for把…认为是，把…看成是take to喜欢，亲近turn into变成turn off关上：出产;解雇break down损坏，分解，瓦解break in闯入;打断;插嘴break out光出;突然发生，爆发burn out烧掉catch on理解，明白check out结账后离开;检验，核查cheer up使高兴，使振奋clear up收拾;澄清;放come off实现，成功，奏效come out出版;出现，显露;结果是bring to使恢复知觉burn up烧起来，旺起来;烧完check in办理登记手续check up(on)校对，检查，检验clear away扫除，收拾make it clear that弄清楚come on来吧，快点;出场，上演come round(around)来访;苏醒，复原come up走近，上来;发生，被提出cut back削减，减少cut in(汽车)抢道;插嘴，打断cut out删除die down渐渐消失，平息draw in(火车、汽车)到站dress up穿上盛装，打扮得很漂亮dry out干透，使干come through经历，脱脸cross out删去，取消cut down削减，降低cut off切断;删去;停止cut short突然停止die out消失，来绝draw up写上，画上;草拟;停住drop bv/in顺便来访dry up干涸，枯竭drop off减弱，减少fall behind落后fall throug}l落空，失败find out查明get around/round走动，旅行;(消息)传开get by通过，经过get in进入;收获，收集get over克服;(从病中)恢复过来have got to(do)不得不，必须drop out退出，离队fall out争吵;结果是feed in输入get across解释清楚，使人了解get away逃脱，离开get down从...下来;写下get off从…下来;离开，动身，开始get through结束，完成;接通电话get together集合，聚集give away泄露;分送give in交上，投降，屈服give out分发，放出go ahead开始，前进;领先go down下降，降低;被载人，传下去got out外出;熄灭go round/around足够分配go through通过，审查，完成get up起床;增加，增强give back送还，恢复give off放出，释放give up停止，放弃go by过去go off爆炸，发射;动身，离开go over检查，审查;复习，重温go under下沉，沉没;失败;破产go up上升，增加;建起hand in交上，递交hand out分发，散发，发给hang about闲荡，徘徊，逗留hand down流传下来，传给，往下传hand on传下来，依次传递hand over交出，移交，让与hang back犹豫，踌躇，畏缩hang on抓紧不放，继续下去have back要回，收回hold back踌躇，退缩;阻止，抑制hold out维持，支持;坚持，不屈服hang up挂断(电话)have on穿着，戴着hold on继续，握住不放hold up举起，阻挡，使停止;抢劫hurry up(使)赶快，迅速完成keep down控制，压制，镇压;压低keep up保持，维持;继，坚持let in让...进入，放…进来let out放掉，放出，发出look back回顾，回头看look on旁观，观看;看待，视作look in顺便看望make out of用…做，从…得出keep back阻止，阻挡;隐瞒，保留keep off不接近，避开let down放下，降低;使失望let off放(烟，烟火)，开(枪)line up排队，使排成一行look out留神，注意，提防，警惕look up查阅，查考;寻找(某人) make out辨认，区分;理解，了解make up构成，拼凑;赔偿;化装pass away去世，逝世pass to转到，讨论，传到pay back偿还，回报pay down即时交付，用现金支付mix up混淆，混合，搞糊涂pass off中止，停止pass out失去知觉，昏倒pay off还清(债)pay up全部付清pick out选出，挑出，拣出;辨认pick up拾起，(偶然)得到;(车船)中途搭(人)，学会pull down拆毁.拉倒;拉下，降低pull in(车)停下，进站，船(到岸)pull on穿，戴pull together齐心协力put aCrOSS解释清楚，说明put away放好，收好;储存put forward提出put on穿上，戴上;上演;。
2012江苏职称英语考试原题试卷理工类
本科目共7套全部囊括2012年6-10月考试原题。
2012江苏职称英语卫生类中级/高级考试真题试卷【一】说明：本试卷共七大题，申报高级职称者全做，满分为120分；申报中级职称者做第一、二、三、四、五、七大题，满分为100分。
第六大题申报中级职称者不做，做了也不判分一、词汇与语法选择（20小题，每小题0.5分。
共10分，建议完成时间10分钟）1.______the difficulties we have come across,we'll go on with the program。
尽管我们遇到困难，但是我们将继续进行这个方案。
A.Given给予B.In spite of尽管C.Thanks to由于D.Because of因为2.You will see only the_____of the trees in the dim light.在昏暗的灯光下,你只会看到树的形状。
A.shadow影子B.shade阴影C.shape形状D.shallow浅层3.No agreement was reached____how the construction plan should be carried out.关于应如何开展建设规划，没有达成任何协议。
A.as about大约B.as that那个C.as it is其实D.as to关于4.The fact____most people believe nuclear war would be madness does not mean that it will never occur.事实上,大多数人认为核战争疯狂但并不意味着它永远不会发生。
A.whatB.whichC.that那个D.Why5.We have to try every means to_______the costs of the production.我们要千方百计降低生产成本。
2012年职称英语理工类考试必考——整理版
2012年职称英语理工类新增文章篇目（小抄整理版）阅读理解（6篇）第六篇Making Light of1 Sleep-1页第十九篇Graphene's Superstrength1*第三＋八篇"Life Form Found" on Saturn's Titan*第四十篇Teaching Math, Teaching Anxiety+第四＋五篇Small But Wise+第四十六篇Ants Have Big Impact on Environment as "Ecosystem Engineers"完形填空（6篇）第三篇Germs on Banknotes第十篇Chicken Soup for the Soul：Comfort Food Fights Loneliness*第十一篇Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities*第十二篇Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk+第十三篇Solar Power without Solar Cells+第十五篇“Liquefaction” Key to Muc h of Japanese Earthquake Damage注：1、+表示A级文章；*表示B即文章；其他为C级文章；第六篇Making Light of1 SleepAll we have a clock located inside our brains. Similar to your bedside alarm clock，your internal clock2 runs on a 24-hour cycle. This cycle，called a circadian rhythm，helps control whenyou wake，when you eat and when you sleep. ……………………………………………………………段落省洛But recent discoveries show that the human eye has two separate light-sensing systems. One system allows us to see. The second system tells our body whether it's day or night.练习：1 .The clock located inside our brains is similar to our bedside alarm clock becauseB、it has a cycle of 24 hours.2. What is implied in the second paragraph?C、Children before puberty tend to fall asleep earlier at night than adolescents.3. In the third paragraph the author wants to tell the reader thatB 、staying up late has a bad effect on teenagers' ability to think and learn.4. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the fourth and fifth paragraphs?C、Our internal clock as well as the alarm clock can be reset automatically.5. According to the last two paragraphs，what did the previous researchers think about the human eye's light-sensing system? B、The human eye had one light-sensing system.第十九篇Graphene's Superstrength1Big technology comes in tiny packages. New cell phones and personal computers get smaller …………………………………………………………………段落省洛Now stick the same piece of tape on another sheet of paper and pull the tape up —there should be an even thinner layer，this time left on the paper. Now imagine that you do this over and over，until you get the thinnest possible layer of material on the paper. This layer would be only one atom thick，and you wouldn't be able to see it. Graphite is made of layers of graphene，so when you get to the thinnest possible layer，you've found graphene.练习：1 .What would change the future of electronics according to engineers?C 、Graphene.2. According to the second and third paragraphs，what is true of graphene?C 、It is easy to find graphene.3. Which of the following can be used to replace the word “apply”in paragraph 4?D、put.4. Which of the following is NOT meant in the last two paragraphs?A 、Graphene is made of graphite，one of the softest materials in the world.5. Graphene's superstrength lies in the fact thatC 、It can help to make electronic components smaller.*第三＋八篇"Life Form Found" on Saturn's Titan（理工B级阅读理解）Scientists say they have discovered hints of alien life1 on the Saturn's moon2. The discovery of a sort of life was announced after researchers at the US space agency,NASA3,analyzed data from spacecraft Cassini4,which pointed to,the existence of methane-based form of life on Saturn's biggest moon.…………………………段落省洛"Scientific conservatism suggests that a biological explanation should be the last choice after all non-biological explanations are addressed,"Allen said. "We have a lot of work to do to rule out8possible non-biological explanations. It is more likely that a chemical process,without biology,can explain these results."练习：1 .What have scientists found about Saturn?C、They have found methane-based life on Titan.2. What do scientists say about Titan?A 、There are life clues there.3. To date,scientists have not yet detected this form of life.(paragraph 5)What does"this formof life" refer to?B 、Methane-based life.4. What can be inferred from what Allen said?A、Scientists have different arguments over whether there is life on Titan.5. Which of the following can replace the title of this passage?D、A different Life Form, a Possibility.*第四十篇Teaching Math, Teaching Anxiety（理工B级阅读理解）In a new study about the way kids learn math in elementary school, the psychologists at the………………………………………………段落省洛"This is an interesting study,but the results need to be interpreted as preliminary and in needof replication with a larger sample6," said David Geary,a psychologist at the University of Missouri7 in Columbia.练习：1. What is the result of the research at the University of Chicago,according to the first paragraph?D 、Female teachers' confidence in their math skills is related to girl's math skills.2. What is implied in the third paragraph?B 、A difficult subject like math may affect teachers' confidence in teaching the subject.3. According to the experiment,those teachers were probably anxious about math when they feltC uneasy reading the numbers of a sales receipt.4. The sixth paragraph tells us that the research findingsA 、prove a strong link between female teachers' math anxiety and their female students' mathachievements.5. David Geary thinks thatB、the research results need to be retested based on a larger sample.+第四＋五篇Small But Wise（理工A级阅读理解）On December 14,NASA1 blasted a small but mighty telescope into space. The telescope is^^…………………………………………………段落省洛cool down. They're so dim that they're almost impossible to see with visible light, but in theinfrared spectrum they glow.练习：1 .What is so special about WISE?C Its digital camera can help astronomers to see the unknown space.2. Which is NOT the synonym for the word "snap" in the third paragraph?A make.3. The camera on WISEC catches the infrared radiation while the ordinary camera does not.4. Which of the following is NOT correct about"asteroids" according to paragraph 7? A Asteroids float through space giving off visible light.5.What is implied in the last paragraph?B 、Brown dwarfs give off infrared radiation.+第四十六篇Ants Have Big Impact on Environment as "Ecosystem Engineers" （理工A级阅读理解）Research by the University of Exeter1 has revealed that ants have a big impact on their local environment as a result of their activity as "ecosystem engineers" and predators. The study, published in the Journal of Animal Ecology, found that ants have two distinct effects on their local environment.……………………………………段落省洛Ants are important components of ecosystems not only because they constitute a great part of the animal biomass5 but also because they act as ecosystem engineers. Ant biodiversity6is incredibly high and these organisms are highly responsive to human impact, which obviously reduces its richness. However, it is not clear how such disturbance damages the maintenance of ant services to the ecosystem．Ants are important in below ground processes8through the alteration of the physical and chemical environment and through their effects on plants, microorganisms, and other soil organisms.练习：1 .Why are ants compared to ecosystem engineers?C 、Because their activity affects the environment.2. As predators, antsA 、prey on small as well as large animals.3. Dir Sanders' study centered on how antsD produce such a big impact on the environment.4. What does paragraph 6 tell us?B 、Ants bring about a positive influence to an area when their population is small.5. What still remains unclear about ants, according to the last paragraph?C How do human activities affect ants' influence on a given ecosystem?完形填空第三篇Germs on BanknotesPeople in different countries use different types of 1、money yuan in China, pesos in Mexico, pounds in the United Kingdom, dollars in the United States, Australia and New Zealand. They may use 2、different currencies, but these countries, and probably all countries, still have one thing in common1: Germs on the banknotes.Scientists have been studying the germs on money for well over2 100 years. At the turn of the 20th 3、century , some researchers began to suspect that germs living on money could spread disease.Most studies of germy money have looked at the germs on the currency 4、within one country. In a new study, Frank Vriesekoop3 and other researchers compared the germ populations found on bills of different 5、countries .Vriesekoop3 is a microbiologist at the University of Ballarat in Australia4. He led the study, which compared the germ populations found on money 6、gathered from 10 nations. The scientists studied 1,280 banknotes in total; all came from places where people buy food, like supermarkets street vendors and cafes, 7、because those businesses often rely on cash.Overall, the Australian dollars hosted the fewest live bacteria ---- no more than 10 per square centimeter. Chinese yuan had the most ---- about 100 per square centimeter. Most of the germs on money probably would not cause harm.What we call “paper” money usually isn't made from paper. The U. S. dollar, for example, is printed on fabric that is mostly 8、cotton .Different countries may use different 9、materials to print their money. Some of the currencies studied by Vriesekoop and his 10、team such as the American dollar were made from cotton. Others were made from polymers.The three 11、currencies with the lowest numbers of bacteria were all printed on polymers. They included the Australian dollar, the New Zealand dollar and some Mexican pesos.The other currencies were printed on fabric made 12、mostly of cotton. Fewer germs lived on the polymer notes. This connection suggests that 13、germs have a harder time staying alive on polymer surfaces. Scientists need to do more studies to understand how germs live on money-----and whether or not we need to be concerned. Vnesekoop is now starting a study that will 14、compare the amounts of time bacteria can stay alive on different types of bills.Whatever Vriesekoop finds, the fact remains: Paper money harbors germs We should wash our 15、hands after touching it; after all5, you never know where your money 's been. Or what's living on it注释：第十篇 Chicken Soup for the Soul：Comfort Food Fights Loneliness Mashed potatoes, macaroni and cheese, may be bad for your arteries．1、 but according to a study in Psychological Science, they’re good for your heart and2、emotions The study focuses on “comfort food” and how it makes people feel．"For me 3、personally ,food has always played a big role in my family,” says Jordan Troisi, a graduate student at the University of Buffalo, and lead author on the study．The study came out of the research program of his co—author Shira Gabriel．It has 4、looked at non-human things that may affect human emotions．Some people reduce loneliness by bonding with their 5、 favorite TV show, building virtual relationships with a pop song singer or looking at pictures of loved ones．Troisi and Gabriel wondered if comfort food could have the same effect 6、by making peoplethink of their nearest and dearest. In one experiment, in order to make 7、participants feel lonely, the researchers had them write for six minutes about a fight with someone close to them．Others were given an emotionally neutral writing assignment. Then, some people in each 8、 group wrote about the experience of eating a comfort food and others wrote about eating a new food．9、Finally ,the researchers had participants 10、 complete questions about their levels of loneliness．Writing about a fight with a close person made people feel lonely．But people who were generally 11、secure in their relationships would feel less lonely by writing about a comfort food．"We have found that comfort foods are consistently associated with those close to us．"says Troisi．"Thinking about or consuming these foods later then serves as a reminder of those close others．"In 12、their essays on comfort food, many people wrote about the 13、experience of eating food with family and friends. In another experiment, 14、 eating chicken soup in the lab made people think more about relationships, but only if they considered chicken soup to be a comfort food．This was a question they had been asked long before the experiment, along with many other questions, so they wouldn’t remember it. Throughout everyone’s daily lives they experience stress, often associated with our 15、connections with others," Troisi says．"Comfort food Can be an easy remedy for loneliness．*第十一篇 Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities （B级完型）A new examination of urban policies has been 1、carriedout recently by Patricia Romero Lankao．She is a sociologist specializing in climate change and 2 、urban development．She warns that many of the world’s fast-growing urban areas，especially in developing countries．will likely suffer from the impacts of changing climate．Her work also concludes that most cities are failing to 3、reduce emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse 4、gases．These gases are known to affect the atmosphere．”Climate change is a deeply local issue and poses profound threats to the growing cities of the world,” says Romer o Lankao. ”But too few cities are developing effective strategies to 5、protect their residents."Cities are 6、major sources of greenhouse gases．And urban populations are likely to be among those most severely affected by future climate ch ange. Lankao’s findings highlight ways in which city-residents are particularly vulnerable, and suggest policy interventions that could offer immediate and longer-term 7 、benefits．The locations and dense construction patterns of cities often place their populations at greater risk for natural disasters. Potential 8、threats associated with climate include storm surges and prolonged hot weather. Storm surges can flood coastal areas and prolonged hot weather can heat 9、heavily paved cities more than surrounding areas．The impacts of such natural events can be more serious in an urban environment．For example，a prolonged heat wave can increaseexisting levels of air pollution，causing widespread health problems．Poorer neighborhoods that may 10、lack basic facilities such as drinking water or a dependable network of roads，are especially vulnerable to natural disasters．Many residents in poorer countries live in substandardhousing 11、without access to reliable drinking water，roads and basic services.Local governments, 12、therefore ,should take measures toprotect their residents.”Unfortunately，they tend to move towards rhetoric 13、rather than meaningful responses, Romero Lankao writes, ” They don’t impose const ruction standards that could reduce heating and air conditioning needs. They don't emphasize mass transit and reduce 14 、 automobile use. In fact, many local governments are taking a hands—off approach.” Thus, she urges themto change their 15 、idle policies and to take strong steps to prevent the harmful effects of climate change on cities.*第十二篇 Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk（B 级完型）Fast food outlets could provide statin drugs free of 1、charge so that customers can reduce the heart disease dangers of fatty food, researchers at Imperial College London 2、suggest in a newstudy．Statins reduce the 3 、 amount of unhealthy ”LDL” cholesterol in the blood. A wealth of trial data has proven them to be highly effective at lowering a person’s heart attack 4 、risk .In a paper published in the American Journal of Cardiology，Dr Darrel Francis and colleagues calculate that the reduction in heart attack risk offered by a statin is 5、enough to offset the increase in heart attack risk from 6、eating a cheeseburger and drinking a milkshake．Dr Francis，from the National Heart and Lung Institute at Imperial College London，who is the senior author of the study, said:”Statins don’t cut out a11 of the 7、unhealthy effects of cheeseburgers and French fries．It’s better to avoid fatty food altogether．But we’ve worked out that in terms of your 8、possibility of having a heart attack. Taking a statin can reduce your risk to more or less the same 9、degree as a fast food meal increases it.”“It’s ironic that people are free to take as many unhealthv condiments in fast food outlets as they 10、like , but statins, which are beneficial to heart health, have to be prescribed. It makes sense to make risk-reducing statins available just as easily as the unhealthy condiments that are 11、provided free of charge．It would cost less than 5 pence per 1 2、 customer 一not much different to a sachet of sugar.” Dr Francis s aid．When people engage in risky behaviours like driving or smoking, they’re encouraged to take 13、measures that lower their risk, 1ike 14 wearing a seatbelt or choosing cigarettes with filters. Taking a statin is a rational way of 1 5、lowering some of the risks of eating a fatty meal．+第十三篇Solar Power without Solar Cells（A级完型）A dramatic and surprising magnetic effect of light discovered by University of Michigan1researchers could lead to solar power without traditional semiconductor-based solar cells.The researchers found a way to make an "optical 1、battery ," said Stephen Rand, a professor in the departments of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Physics and Applied Physics.Light has electric and magnetic components. Until now, scientists thought the2、effects of the magnetic field were so weak that they could be ignored. What Rand and his colleagues found is that at the right intensity, when light is traveling through a material that does not conduct electricity, the light field can generate magnetic effects that are 100 million times stronger than 3、previously expected. 4、Under these circumstances, the magnetic effects develop strength equivalent to a strong electric effect."This could lead to a new kind of solar cell without semiconductors and without absorption to produce charge separation," Rand said. "In solar cells, the 5、light goes into a material, gets absorbed and creates heat. Here, we expect to have a very low heat load2. Instead of the light being absorbed, energy is stored in the magnetic moment3. Intense magnetization can be induced by intense light and then it is ultimately capable of providing a capacitive power6、source."What makes this possible is a previously undetected brand of "optical rectification4," says William Fisher, a doctoral student5 in applied physics. In traditional optical rectification, light's electric field causes a charge separation, or a pulling7、apart of the positive and negative charges6 in a material. This sets up a voltage, similar to 8、that in a battery.Rand and Fisher found that under the right circumstances and in right types of materials, the light's magnetic field can also create optical rectification. The light must be shone through7 a 9、material that does not 10、conduct electricity, such as glass. And it must be focused to an intensity of 10 million watts per square centimeter8. Sunlight isn't this intense on its own, but new materials are being sought that would work at lower intensities, Fisher said."In our most recent paper, we show that incoherent light9 like sunlight is theoretically almost as. 11、effective in producing charge separation as laser light is," Fisher said.This new 12、technique could make solar power cheaper, the researchers say. They predict that with improved materials they could achieve 10 percent efficiency in 13、converting solar power to useable energy. That's equivalent to today's commercial-grade solar cells."To manufacture 14 、modern solar cells, you have to do extensive semiconductor processing," Fisher said. "All we would need are lenses to focus the light and a fiber to guide it. Glass works for 15、both . It's already made in bulk10, and it doesn't require as much processing. Transparent ceramics might be even better."+第十五篇“Liquefaction” Key to Much of Japanese Earthquake Damage（A级完型）The massive subduction zone1earthquake in Japan caused a significant level of soil"liquefaction"2 that has surprised researchers with its 1、widespread severity, a new analysis shows."We've seen localized3 examples of soil liquefaction as extreme as this before, but the distance and 2、extent of damage in Japan were unusually severe," said Scott Ashford, a professor of geotechnical engineering4 at Oregon State University5. "Entire structures were tilted andsinking into the sediments," Ashford said. "The shifts in soil destroyed water, drain and gas pipelines6, crippling the utilities and infrastructure these communities need to 3、function . We saw some places that sank as much as four feet."Some degree of soil liquefaction7is common in almost any major earthquake. It's a phenomenon in which soils soaked with water, particularly recent sediments or sand, can lose much of their 4 、strength and flow during an earthquake. This can allow structures to shift or sink or 5、collapse .But most earthquakes are much 6、shorter than the recent event in Japan, Ashford said. The length of the Japanese earthquake, as much as five minutes, may force researchers to reconsider the extent of liquefaction damage possibly occurring in situations such as this8."With such a long-lasting earthquake, we saw 7、how structures that might have been okay after 30 seconds just continued to sink and tilt as the shaking continued for several more minutes," he said. "And it was clear that younger sediments, and especially areas built on 8、recently f illed ground, are much more vulnerable."The data provided by analyzing the Japanese earthquake, researchers said, should make it possible to improve the understanding of this soil 9、phenomenon and better prepare for it in the future. Ashford said it was critical for the team to collect the information quickly, 10、before damage was removed in the recovery efforts9."There's no doubt that we'll learn things from what happened in Japan10 that11will help us to reduce risks in other similar 11、events ," Ashford said. "Future construction in some places may make more use of techniques known to reduce liquefaction, such as better compaction to make soils dense, or use of reinforcing stone columns."Ashford pointed out that northern California have younger soils vulnerable to liquefaction ---on the coast, near river deposits or in areas with filled ground. The "young" sediments, in geologic terms, may be those 12、deposited within the past 10,000 years or more. In Oregon, for instance, that describes much of downtown Portland, the Portland International Airport and other cities.Anything 13、near a river and old flood plains is a suspect12, and the Oregon Department of Transportation has already concluded that 1,100 bridges in the state are at risk from an earthquake. Fewer than 15 percent of them have been reinforced to 14、prevent collapse. Japan has suffered tremendous losses in the March 11 earthquake, but Japanese construction 15、standards helped prevent many buildings from collapse ---even as they tilted and sank into the ground.轻松词汇通轻轻松松词汇通，稳拿满分在其中一、解释版：（一）必记：10大词汇选项要求掌握的单词：（03年8对8分，04年8对8分，05年8对两半10分）（斜体部分为近两年已考）1\account for=explain 理解minute=slight 细小disorder=confusion混乱Accused of=charged with 指控investigate=look into 调查numerous=many 许多obvious=clear 显而易见Odd=strange 奇怪participate in=take part in 参加preserve=keep 保存previously=before以前pull up=stop 停止perceive=notice 注意到possess=own占有substantial=significant 实质的2\spur=encourage 激励coverage=reportage报道dimly=faintly 昏暗(048)，模糊mildly=gently 温和地inevitable=certain 不可避免isolate=solitary 孤立的call of=cancel取消make up one’s mind=decide决定Now and then=occasionally=sometimes 有时find fault with=criticize 批评grasp=take hold of抓住Consideration=account 考虑tolerate=put up with 忍受abandon=give up 放弃lately=recently最近3\Manual=physical 人工harness=utilise(utilize) 利用resident=occupant 居民steadily=continuously不断地Remedy=cure治疗(055)draft==formulate起草practically=almost 几乎endeavor=try=test尝试seldom=rarely 很少而精Readily=willingly 乐意shine=polish 擦亮Extract=take out 取出(045)decent=honest正派Lethal=Deadly=fatal 致命的4\insist on=demand 坚持speed=velocity快过Physician=doctor 医生particularly=especially特别safe=secure安全的branch=division分支机构Abnormal=unusual 不正常的accelerate=step up 加快abundant=plentiful 丰富的accumulate=collect积累Allocate=distribute=assign 分配childish=immature 幼稚barren=bare贫瘠5\appalling=dreadful讨厌的Anyhow=anyway 不管achieve=attain 通过努力达到capability=ability 能力in conjunction=together共同Credible=convincing 可信的diligent=hardworking 勤奋diverse=varied多种多样faulty=wrong有错的Gorgeous=lovely 极美的persist=continue 持续regulate=control 控制scatter=separate分开Stand point=point of view 观点touching=moving 感人的6\vanish=disappear消失phase=stage阶段Deter=inhibit=prevent 阻止porcelain=china 陶瓷prior to=before在。
考试用书2012年职称英语讲义A-B-C
英语理工类专用教材精讲第一讲词汇第一部分词汇选项词汇量要求A级：认知6,000个左右的单词；B级：认知5,000个左右的单词；C级：认知4,000个左右的单词。
●未加符号标注的词汇和文章为C级考试水平；●标有“*”的词汇和文章为B级考试水平；●标有“﹢”的词汇和文章为A级考试水平。
注意：报考B级考试的考生要同时阅读未加符号标注的文章，报考A级考试的考生要同时阅读标有“*”的文章。
考生亦可根据自己的实际水平、兴趣及学习时间学习相关文章。
1.词汇选项题的考查重点及要求☆考查理解一定语境中的单词或短语意义的能力；☆本部分为15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语带有下划线；☆要求应试者从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
词汇题的答题步骤与技巧答题工具选择技巧：英汉双解词典2. 答题步骤技巧：1) 先熟后生：把15道题的划线单词浏览一遍，并迅速勾出自己熟悉的词汇或短语,能确定答案的直接选出；2) 一步到位：对于陌生的划线单词，直接查字典。
3. 答题技巧1）根据搭配猜测词义2）根据逻辑关系猜测词义3）利用词缀构词法猜词4）同义词联想记忆法5）根据语境语义猜词6）排除法例题解析1. We still have plenty of time to do our work. C a lot of☆ a few 修饰可数名词，同义表达：a couple of; some☆ a little 修饰不可数名词，同义表达：a bit of ; some☆ a lot of 既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词，同义表达：plenty of; a large amount of, a large number of; lots of☆ in-否定前缀，如：independent, incredible, incapable, injustice例题解析2. They had to abandon the match because of rain. A stop※ 语境排除法及同义词联想法abandon的同义表达为：leave; quit; give up quit=stop例题解析+3. If you join the club you must abide by its rules. D stick to☆ keep in mind: remember☆ believe in: trust☆ used to: used to do☆ stick to: keep to; follow例题解析*4. She didn’t explain exactly why she's taking the abrupt move. D sudden☆ take a move:采取行动☆ abrupt: 突然的，唐突的☆ take a walk, take a drink, take a shower例题解析+5. The doctor gave her an injection to alleviate her pain. D lessen※ 根据语境猜词☆构词法：形容词后加en变为动词，如：worse—worsen, wide—widen, broad—broaden, short—shorten 例题解析6. This is deadly poison. Keep it out of the reach of the children. C lethal☆deadly: 致命的同义词：fatal—fatal dose, fatal injurylethal—lethal weapons, a lethal injection例题解析7. The famous physician had made a tough decision.B doctor（psychologist）☆doctor, physician, surgeon, dentistdoctor: 泛指各科医生，即一切有行医资格者physician: 指医院的内科医生surgeon: 指专修外科或专修人体某个部分的外科专科医生，这种医生一般需对患者进行手术治疗 cosmetic surgeon 整形美容医师 dentist: 牙医例题解析*8. Chicken soup is a popular home remedy for colds.C cure※ 排除法☆ home remedy: folk prescription 民间流传的药方☆ remedy的同义词：cure, therapy例题解析9. Most movie stars are not willing to disclose their true age.C reveal※ 语义语境法☆ 构词法：dis-为否定前缀，如：discover, disapprove, disorder例题解析10. I’ve had a dreadful day - everything seems to have gone wrong.B terrible※ 排除法；语义语境法☆ 构词法：im-为否定前缀，如：impossible, impolite, improper例题解析* 11. Lily decided to postpone her trip because her best friend is sick.C defer※ 排除法;根据逻辑关系猜词☆ put up with：bear, stand 忍受，容忍defer: delay, postpone 延期，推迟例题解析+12 Some of the animals can live solitary and alone.A isolated※ 排除法;根据逻辑关系猜词☆ solitary: 孤独的；独居的isolate：使隔离；使孤立例题解析13. The boy is always respectful to aged people.A polite☆ 词义区分：respectful: 恭敬的，有礼貌的respectable: 值得尊敬的respective: 分别的，各自的e.g. Mr. Clark is a very respectable professor, and we are all respectful to him.例题解析14. Do you think that you can find eternal love through the Internet?C everlasting※ 语义语境法☆ extensive: 广泛的反义词：intensiveexternal: 外部的反义词：internaleternal: permanent, everlasting, lasting, timeless例题解析﹡15. Colleagues are not supposed to mock each other.B laugh at☆ be supposed to do: 应该做某事bully: 欺负，欺凌，侍强凌弱例题解析16. The frightened child gripped its mother’s arm.D scared☆ 表示“害怕、恐惧”的词：动词：frighten, terrify, scare形容词：afraid, fearful, panic例题解析17. No matter what the husband said, his wife was happy to believe.A whatever☆ whatever，whoever，whichever，whenever，wherever, however都可用来引导状语从句(让步状语从句)，其大意为:无论什么(是谁、哪一个、什么时候、什么地方、如何)，相当于no matter what (who, which, when, where, how)例题解析18. Regardless of where you travel, you will miss your home.A despite※ 同义表达联想法regardless of : 不论，不管同义表达为：in spite of, despite, ignoring例题解析19. It is very touching to see how the parents love their children.A moving※ 语义语境法☆ 英语中有一类及物动词，在词尾加-ing或-ed后，词性转为形容词，且意义不同，前者表示令人……；后者表示感到……。
2012年职称英语词汇表
Aa anart.1.一(个)2.每一(个)3.(同类事物中的)任何一个abandonvt. 放弃,遗弃,丢弃abbeyn.1.修道院 2.大教堂ABCn.1.字母表 2.基础知识 ,abdomenn. 腹部abdominaladj.腹部的abilityn.1.能力,本领2.(pl.)才能,才识ableadj.1.有(能力、时间、知识等)做某事的2.有本事的,能干的be able to：能够,会aboardadv./prep.在船(车、飞行器)上,上船(车、飞行器)abolisvt.废除,取消abortionn.流产,堕胎aboutprep.1.在…周围2.关于,对于adv.1.附近,周围,到处2.大约aboveprep.在…之上,高于above all：尤其是,最主要的是adj.上述的,上面的adv.1.在上面,往上2.更多abroadadv.1.到国外,在海外2.遍布,到处absencen.1.缺席2.缺乏,缺少absentadj.1.缺席的 2.缺乏的3.不在意的,茫然的be absent from：缺席accommodatevt.1.为…提供住宿2.容纳,接纳3.使适应,调节accommodationn.1.膳宿供应2.(pl.)提供便利的设备(或用具)3.适应,调节accompanyvt.1.陪伴,陪同 2.为…伴奏accomplishvt.完成,实现,成就accordancen.一致,相符in accordance with：依照,依据,与…一致according toprep.按照,根据accountvi.说明(理由等)account for：说明,解释(原因等)n.1.陈述,说明 2.账户,(pl.)账目3.原因,理由On account of：基于,由于On all accounts：无论如何on no account：决不take into account：考虑,重视accountantn.会计,出纳accurateadj.准确的,精确的accusationn.告发,控告accusevt.1.指责2.控告accuse…of指责某人,控告某人accustomvt.使习惯be accustomed to：习惯于acen.1.“A”牌 2.能手,专家3.发球得分absoluteadj.1.绝对的,完全的2.确实的,肯定的absorbvt.1.吸收2.使全神贯注abstractadj.抽象的,不具体的n.摘要,提要academicadj.1.学术的 2.学院的3.学究的academyn.1.(高等)院校,研究院2.学会,协会accentn.1.口音2.重音acceptvt.1.接受,领受 2.认可,同意vi.同意,认可acceptableadj.1.可接受的 2.合意的,受欢迎的acceptancen.1.接受2.承认,认可accessn.1.接近,获得(机会等)2.人口,通道 .have/gain access to：有(机会、手段、权力)得到/接近/进入accidentn.意外事件,事故by accident：意外地,偶然地achevi.痛n.痛,疼痛achievevt.1.完成,实现2.(经过努力)获得,达到achievementn.1.成就,成绩2.实现,达到acidadj.酸的,酸性的n.酸acknowledgevt.1.承认 2.感谢 3.告知收到(信件等)acquirevt.1.获得,取得 2.学到(知识等),养成(习惯等)acquisitionn. 获得(物)acren.英亩acrossprep.1.横过,穿过 2.在…的对面3.交叉4.经过(一段时间)adv.1.横过,穿过2.在另一边actvi.1.行动,做 2.起作用3.表演vt.1.扮演(角色)2.装作n.1.行为,行动2.法令,条例3.(戏剧的)一幕actionn.1.活动,行为2.作用activeadj.有活力的,积极的,主动的activistn.积极分子activityn.1.(pl.)活动,所做的事情2.活动性,活跃actorn.1.演员,男演员2.行动者actressn.女演员actualadj.事实上的,实际的actuallyadv.实际上acuteadj.1.(头脑或五官)灵敏的,敏锐的2.急性的A.D.公元adn.广告adaptvt.1.使适应,使适合2.改写,改编adapt...to：使适合,使适用addvi.1.增加2.加,相加add(up)to：累计为,总数达vt.1.加,增加 2.接着讲(或写)addictvt.使成瘾,热衷于be addicted to：嗜好,爱好addictionn.沉溺,吸毒成瘾additionn.1.加,加法2.附加部分,增加in addition to：除…之外,另外additionaladj.附加的,另外的addressn.1.地址,住址2.讲话,演说vt.1.向…讲话2.写姓名地址adequateadj.足够的,充分的adjoinvt.贴近,与…毗邻adjustvt.1.调整,调节 2.校准,校对vi.1.调整,校准2.(to)适应于administrationn.1.管理,经营2.行政机关admirevt.羡慕,赞美,钦佩admissionn.1.允许进入 2.入场费3.坦白,承认admitvt.1.承认 2.接纳,招收adolescencen.青春期,青少年adoptvt.1.采用,采取(态度等)2.选定(道路、职业等)3.收养adultadj.成年人的,已成熟的n.成年人advancevt.1.促进,推进 2.提升,提高3.提出vi.前进,进展n.1.发展,前进2.预付款项3.增长,抬高in advance：预先,在前面advantagen.1.优势,优点2.利益,好处take advantage of：利用,趁机adventuren.1.冒险活动2.奇遇advertisementn.1.广告2.做广告,登广告advicen.忠告,劝告advisevt.1.劝告,建议 2.通告,通知advisern.劝告者,顾问affairn.1.事情,事件2.(pl.)事务,事态affectvt.1.影响,作用 2.感动3.(疾病)侵袭affectionn.1.慈爱,爱,感情2.作用,影响affordvt.1.担负得起,买得起,抽得出(时间等)2.提供afraidadj.1.害怕的,畏惧的2.恐怕的,担心的be afraid of：害怕African.非洲Africanadj.非洲(人)的n.非洲人afterprep.在…以后,在…后面adv.以后,后来conj.在…以后afternoonn.下午,午后afterward(s)adv.以后,后来againadv.1.再,又2.(回)到原处,恢复原状again and again：反复地now and again：不时地,常常地time and again：反复地,一次又一次地againstprep.1.逆,反(对),违反 2.紧靠着,倚在3.与…对照,对比agen.1.年龄2.时代v.(使)变老,(使)老化agencyn.1.代理(权),代办2.力量,(能动)作用3.机构agendan.议事日程,记事册agentn.代理人,经办人aggressionn.侵略,攻击aggressiveadj.1.侵略的,侵犯的2.爱挑衅的,放肆的3.有进取心的,敢作敢为的agoadv.以前agonyn.(极度的)痛苦,创痛agreevi.1-赞同,答应 2.适合,一致3.商定,约定agree on/upon：对…意见一致agree to：同意,答应agree with：赞同,适合agreementn.1.协议,约定2.同意,达成协议agriculturen.农业aheadadv.在前,提前ahead of在…之前aidn.1.帮助,援助2.助手,辅助设备3.救护vt.1.帮助,援助 2.急救aimn.1.目的,目标2.瞄准,针对vi.(at)1.目的在于,企图2.瞄准,对准vt.把…瞄准,把…对准airn.1.大气,空气2.态度,神态by air：1.通过航空途径2.用无线电vt.通风aircraftn.飞机,飞艇,航空器airlinen.1.(飞机的)航线 2.航空公司airmailn.航空邮件,航空邮政airplane(英：aeroplane)n.飞机airportn.飞机场alarmn.1.惊恐2.警报3.警报器vt.1.使…惊恐2.向…报警albumn.相片册,邮票簿alcoholn.1.酒精,乙醇2.含酒精的饮料alikeadj.相似的,相像的aliveadj.1.活着的,存在的2.有活力的,活泼的alladj.1.全部的,整个的2.非常的,极度的adv.完全地,十分地pron.全体,一切above all：首先,尤其是all over：到处,遍及in all：总计allegevt.断言,声称allegationadj.断言,主张,见解allegedadj.被说成的,被指称的allegedlyadv.据说alliancen.结盟,联盟,联姻alliedadj.联合的,同盟的,联姻的allowvt.1.允许,准许 2.承认3.给予vi.(for)考虑到,顾及allyn.1.同盟者2.伙伴3.同类almostadv.几乎,差不多aloneadj.1.单独的,孤独的2.唯一的adv.1.单独地,独自地2.只有,仅仅alongprep.沿着all along：始终,一直adv.向前alongsideprep.1.在…旁边,沿着…的边2.和…在一起3.和…相比adv.在旁边,并排地aloudadv.1.大声地 2.响亮地alreadyadv.已经,早已alsoadv.1.也,同样2.而且,还not only...butalso...：不但…而且altervt.1.改变,更改 2.改做(衣服等)vi.改变,变化alternativeadj.1.两者选一的 2.交替的n.1.两者选一 2.替换物3.交替althoughconj.尽管,虽然altituden.1.高度 2.海拔3.(pl.)高处altogetheradv.1.总共 2.完全地3.总之alumin(i)amn.铝alwaysadv.1.总是,一向2.始终,永远amateuradj.业余的n.业余爱好者amazevt.使惊讶,使吃惊amazingadj.令人惊讶的,令人吃惊的ambassadorn.大使,专使ambitionn.1.野心,雄心2.抱负,志向ambitiousadj.1.有雄心的,有抱负的2.热望的ambulancen.救护车(船、飞机等)amendmentn.1.改正,修正,改善2.修正案American.1.美洲2.美国Americanadj.1.美洲(人)的 2.美国(人)的n.1.美洲人2.美国人amidprep.在…中,在…当中among(st)prep.在…之中,在…中间amountvi.(to)1.总汁2.等于n.1.数额,数量2.总和,总额amplifyvt.1.扩大,加大 2.引申,详述amusevt.1.逗乐,使开心 2.给…提供娱乐analysevt.分析,分解analysisn.分析,分解in the final (1ast)analysis：归根结底ancestorn.祖宗。
全国职称英语考试大纲词汇.doc
A man begins toexplorethe fat problem in the early 30's.(出处:11年职称英语预测题)
男人是在30出头开始担心肥胖问题的。
inside
n. 内部；内情；内脏
adj. 里面的；内部的；秘密的
adv. 在里面
prep. 少于；在…之内
我们在地球表面生活很习惯。
identify
v. 确定；认同；一致；识别；使参与
One result of this practice is that the Japanese workeridentifiesclosely with his company and feels strongloyaltyto it. (原文:教材Lifetime Employment in Japanese Companies)
词义
出处教材、大纲、考题（英文）
出处（中文）
wonder
n.惊奇；奇迹；惊愕
v. 怀疑；想知道；惊讶
adj.奇妙的；非凡的
Iwonderwhat your aim in life is.(出处:11年职称英语考试大纲)
我想知道你的生活目标是什么。
ancestor
n. 祖先，上代；先祖
The native people live much the way theirancestorsdid--without electricity.(原文:理工类教材，Weaving With Light)
你的狗每天需要至少20分钟充沛的运动。
resentment, resent + ment (n. 后缀)
n. 愤恨，怨恨
Patricia stared at the other girls withresentment. (出处:11年职称英语预测题)
2012年职称英语【理工类】阅读理解中英文背诵模板
2012年职称英语【理⼯类】阅读理解中英⽂背诵模板2012年职称英语（理⼯类）阅读理解中英⽂背诵模板 (3)第⼀篇 Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles. 3第⼆篇World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict 3第三篇 Citizen Scientists. 4第四篇 Motoring Technology. 4第五篇 Late-Night Drinking. 5第六篇（新增）Making Light of Sleep. 6第七篇 Sugar Power for Cell Phones. 6第⼋篇 Eiffel Is an Eyeful 7第九篇 Egypt Felled by Famine. 7第⼗篇 Young Female Chimps Outlearn Their Brothers. 8第⼗⼀篇 The Net Cost of Making a Name for Yourself 8第⼗⼆篇 Florida Hit by Cold Air Mass. 9第⼗三篇 Invisibility Ring. 9第⼗四篇 Japanese Car Keeps Watch for Drunk Drivers. 10第⼗五篇 Winged Robot Learns to Fly. 11第⼗六篇 Japanese Drilling into Core of Earth. 11第⼗七篇 A Sunshade for the Planet 12第⼗⼋篇 Thirst for Oil 12第⼗九篇（新增）Graphene's Superstrength. 13第⼆⼗篇 Explorer of the Extreme Deep. 13第⼆⼗⼀篇 Plant Gas. 14第⼆⼗⼆篇 Snowflakes. 14第⼆⼗三篇 Powering a City? It's a Breeze. 15第⼆⼗四篇 Underground Coal Fires -- a Looming Catastrophe. 16第⼆⼗五篇 Eat to Live. 16第⼆⼗六篇 Male and Female Pilots Cause Accidents Differently. 17第⼆⼗七篇 Driven to Distraction. 17第⼆⼗⼋篇 Sleep Lets Brain File Memories. 18第⼆⼗九篇 Food Fright 18第三⼗篇 Digital Realm.. 19*第三⼗⼀篇 Hurricane Katrina. 20*第三⼗⼆篇 Mind-reading Machine. 20*第三⼗三篇 Experts Call for Local and Regional Control of Sites for Radioactive Waste. 21*第三⼗四篇 Batteries Built by Viruses. 21*第三⼗五篇 Putting Plants to work. 22*第三⼗六篇 Listening Device Provides Landslide Early Warning. 22*第三⼗七篇 "Don't Drink Alone" Gets New Meaning. 23*第三⼗⼋篇（新增） “Life Form Found” on Saturn's Titan. 24*第三⼗九篇 Clone Farm.. 24*第四⼗篇（新增）Teaching Math, Teaching Anxiety. 25+第四⼗⼀篇 Too Little for Global Warming. 25+第四⼗⼆篇 Renewable Energy Sources. 26+第四⼗三篇 Forecasting Methods. 26+第四⼗四篇 Defending the Theory of Evolution Still Seems Needed. 27+第四⼗五篇（新增） Small But Wise. 28+第四⼗六篇（新增）Ants Have Big Impact on Environment as “Ecosystem Engineers”. 28 +第四⼗七篇 Listening to Birdsong. 29+第四⼗⼋篇 "Hidden" Species May Be Surprisingly Common. 29+第四⼗九篇 U.S. Scientists Confirm Water on Mars. 30+第五⼗篇 Cell Phones Increase Traffic, Pedestrian Fatalities. 302012年职称英语（理⼯类）阅读理解中英⽂背诵模板第⼀篇 Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles ⽂章名称问题答案Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles 1.Ford Abandons ElectricVehicles（理理C）1) What have the Ford motorcompany, General Motor’s and Hondadone concerning electric cars?2) According to Tim Holmes of FordEurope, battery-powered cars3) Which auto manufactures are stillproducing electric vehicles?4) According to the eighth paragraph,hybrid cars5) Which of the following is true aboutthe hope of car manufacturers accordingto the last paragraph?1.Ford Abandons ElectricVehicles（理理C）1) They have given upproducing electric cars.2) Will not be the maintransportation vehicles in thefuture.3) Toyota and Nissan.4) run more miles than petroldriven cars.5) The legislation will allowmore low-emission to produced.福特放弃电动汽车1.福特放弃电动汽车福特放弃电动汽车（理（理C）①针对电动汽车，通⽤汽车公司和本⽥汽车公司采取了_____________。
2012年职称英语(理工类)阅读理解中英文背诵模板
2012年职称英语（理工类）阅读理解中英文背诵模板 ........................................................................................................................................................................第一篇 Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles ..............................................................................................................................................................................................第二篇 World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict .........................................................................................................................第三篇 Citizen Scientists .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................第四篇Motoring Technology ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................第五篇Late-Night Drinking ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................第六篇（新增）Making Light of Sleep .........................................................................................................................................................................................第七篇Sugar Power for Cell Phones .................................................................................................................................................................................................第八篇Eiffel Is an Eyeful ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................第九篇Egypt Felled by Famine ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................第十篇Young Female Chimps Outlearn Their Brothers .....................................................................................................................................................................第十一篇 The Net Cost of Making a Name for Yourself .....................................................................................................................................................................第十二篇 Florida Hit by Cold Air Mass .......................................................................................................................................................................................第十三篇Invisibility Ring .........................................................................................................................................................................................................第十四篇 Japanese Car Keeps Watch for Drunk Drivers ................................................................................................................................................................第十五篇Winged Robot Learns to Fly ......................................................................................................................................................................................第十六篇Japanese Drilling into Core of Earth ........................................................................................................................................................................第十七篇 A Sunshade for the Planet .........................................................................................................................................................................................第十八篇Thirst for Oil .............................................................................................................................................................................................................第十九篇（新增） Graphene's Superstrength ...........................................................................................................................................................................第二十篇Explorer of the Extreme Deep ...................................................................................................................................................................................第二十一篇Plant Gas .....................................................................................................................................................................................................................第二十二篇Snowflakes ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................第二十三篇Powering a City? It's a Breeze。
2012年职称英语(理工类)阅读理解中英文背诵模板
2012年职称英语（理工类）阅读理解中英文背诵模板 ........................................................................................................................................................................第一篇 Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles ..............................................................................................................................................................................................第二篇 World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict .........................................................................................................................第三篇 Citizen Scientists .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................第四篇Motoring Technology ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................第五篇Late-Night Drinking ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................第六篇（新增）Making Light of Sleep .........................................................................................................................................................................................第七篇Sugar Power for Cell Phones .................................................................................................................................................................................................第八篇Eiffel Is an Eyeful ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................第九篇Egypt Felled by Famine ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................第十篇Young Female Chimps Outlearn Their Brothers .....................................................................................................................................................................第十一篇 The Net Cost of Making a Name for Yourself .....................................................................................................................................................................第十二篇 Florida Hit by Cold Air Mass .......................................................................................................................................................................................第十三篇Invisibility Ring .........................................................................................................................................................................................................第十四篇 Japanese Car Keeps Watch for Drunk Drivers ................................................................................................................................................................第十五篇Winged Robot Learns to Fly ......................................................................................................................................................................................第十六篇Japanese Drilling into Core of Earth ........................................................................................................................................................................第十七篇 A Sunshade for the Planet .........................................................................................................................................................................................第十八篇Thirst for Oil .............................................................................................................................................................................................................第十九篇（新增） Graphene's Superstrength ...........................................................................................................................................................................第二十篇Explorer of the Extreme Deep ...................................................................................................................................................................................第二十一篇Plant Gas .....................................................................................................................................................................................................................第二十二篇Snowflakes ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................第二十三篇Powering a City? It's a Breeze. ....................................................................................................................................................................................第二十四篇 Underground Coal Fires -- a Looming Catastrophe ....................................................................................................................................................第二十五篇Eat to Live ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................第二十六篇Male and Female Pilots Cause Accidents Differently ..................................................................................................................................................第二十七篇Driven to Distraction ...................................................................................................................................................................................................第二十八篇Sleep Lets Brain File Memories ...................................................................................................................................................................................第二十九篇Food Fright..................................................................................................................................................................................................................第三十篇Digital Realm ............................................................................................................................................................................................................*第三十一篇Hurricane Katrina .....................................................................................................................................................................................................*第三十二篇 Mind-reading Machine ................................................................................................................................................................................................*第三十三篇 Experts Call for Local and Regional Control of Sites for Radioactive Waste (B级) ....................................................................................................*第三十四篇 Batteries Built by Viruses ..............................................................................................................................................................................................*第三十五篇Putting Plants to work ...............................................................................................................................................................................................*第三十六篇 Listening Device Provides Landslide Early Warning .....................................................................................................................................................*第三十七篇"Don't Drink Alone" Gets New Meaning ....................................................................................................................................................................*第三十八篇（新增） Longer Lives for Wild Elephants（理B）.....................................................................................................................................................*第三十九篇Clone Farm ................................................................................................................................................................................................................*第四十篇（新增）Teaching Math, Teaching Anxiety ......................................................................................................................................................................+第四十一篇Too Little for Global Warming ...................................................................................................................................................................................+第四十二篇Renewable Energy Sources........................................................................................................................................................................................+第四十三篇Forecasting Methods .................................................................................................................................................................................................+第四十四篇Defending the Theory of Evolution Still Seems Needed .............................................................................................................................................+第四十五篇（新增） Small But Wise .............................................................................................................................................................................................. +第四十六篇（新增）Ants Have Big Impact on Environment as "Ecosystem Engineers" ................................................................................................................. +第四十七篇 Listening to Birdsong .................................................................................................................................................................................................. +第四十八篇"Hidden" Species May Be Surprisingly Common ...................................................................................................................................................... +第四十九篇 U.S. Scientists Confirm Water on Mars ....................................................................................................................................................................... +第五十篇 Cell Phones Increase Traffic, Pedestrian Fatalities ..........................................................................................................................................................2012年职称英语（理工类）阅读理解中英文背诵模板第一篇 Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles第二篇 World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict 文章名称问题答案World CrudeOil Production May Peak aDecade Earlier Than Some Predict 2.World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier ThanSome Predict （理C）1）Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word "sparked"appearing in paragraph 2?2）The term "a bell shaped curve" appearing in paragraph 2indicates that global oil production will3）Which of the following is NOT true of the Hubbert model?4）What is the major achievement of the new study mentioned in thelast paragraph?5）Who develop the new version of the Hubbert mode!?2.World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier ThanSome Predict （理C）1）stimulated2）start to decline after global oil production peaks.3）It provides a very realistic and accurate oil production.4）It predicts global oil production will peak in 2014..5）Kuwaiti scientists.世界原油产量可能提前十年达到峰值2．世界原油产量可能提前十年达到峰值（理C）①下列__________和第二段中的点燃的意思最接近。
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1：Call=phone=打电话 space=room=空间 at once=Immediately=马上 identify=认出、说出=name occurred=happen=发生complete=finish=完成eventually=finally=最终conversation=talk=谈话attend=go to=参加
made up his mind=decide=打定主意account=consideration=考虑put up with=tolerate=忍耐given up=abandon=放弃
seldom=rarely=很少 take out=extract=取出、抽出
2：spurred=encourage=鼓励、促进 coverage=覆盖（的区域、范围 )。
此处指新闻报道的范围。
reportage=新闻报道
dimly=faintly=暗淡地、微弱地 mildly=gently=温和地、有教养地 inevitable=certain=肯定的、必然的isolated=solitary孤立的、独居的、单个的 called off=Cancel=停止、取消 made up his mind=decide=打定主意
now and then=occasionally=时而、偶尔 finds fault with=criticize批评 grasped=take hold of=抓住、控制住
take …into consideration=take …into account=把……考虑进去tolerate=put up with=忍受abandoned=give up=放弃
lately=recently=接近、近来
3：manual=physical身体的、体力的harness=utilis=利用residents=occupant=居民、住户steadily=continuously=稳定地remedy=cure=治疗、补救draft=formulate=起草、设计Practically=almost=几乎 occasionally=sometimes=有时、偶尔 try=test=试、尝试 rarely=seldom=很少、不常 readily=willingly=乐意地 extract=take out=取出、拨出
shine=polish=擦亮 decent=honest=诚实的、正派的 deadly=fatal=致命的
4：insist on=demand=坚持 damaging=harmful=有损害的 seldom=rarely=很少、不常 speeds=velocity=速度
physician=doctor=大夫 particularly=especially意思近似、表示“特别、尤其” safe=secure=安全的branch=division=分支、分支机构 abnormal=unusual=不平常的 abundant=plentiful=丰富的
accelerate=step up=加快accumulate=collect=收集、积聚allocate=assign=分配、指派childish=immature=幼稚的、不成熟的 barren=bare=贫瘠的、赤裸的、光秃的
5：appalling=dreadful=表示条件之差使人感到吃惊 anyhow=anyway achieved=attain=通过努力取得或达到某种目标
Capabilities=ability in conjunction=together with=与……共同credible=convincing=可信的diligent=hardworking=勤奋的、努力的 diverse=varied=多种多样的、不同的 faulty=wrong=有错误的；有毛病的 gorgeous=magnificent=壮丽的；宏伟的 persists=continue=持续 regulate=control=控制scattered=eparate=分散；分离 standpoint=point of view=观点；看法 touching=moving=动人的；感人的
6：immense=enormous=巨大的accumulate=build up=积累、建立起overtook=pass=超过、越过advisable=wise聪明的puzzle=mystery=谜exhibit=show=显示eternal=everlasting=永久的depicts=describe=描写operative=work=运作的wrecked=damage=毁坏embodies=include=包含obscured=prevent=遮挡、挡住 restrain=prevent=阻止
Sensational=exciting=令人激动的 stroll=walk=走路；散步
7：annoying=irritating=有“使烦恼的”、“使人不愉快的”等意思 deliberately=intentionally意思相同=故意、蓄意地
vague=imprecise=模糊的,含糊的、不确切的、不明确的 summit=top of the mountain=指“山顶”census=count
duplicated=copy =复制 ban=forbid=表示“禁止” lawful=legal=合法的 mock=laugh at=取笑、嘲笑motives=reason=理由notably=particularly=尤其、特别omitted=fail=失败；没有能够orthodox=conventional=常见的；传统的
outrageous=unacceptable=不可接受的 scared=frightened=害怕的、受惊的
8：hailed=acclaim=表示“向……欢呼”、“将……拥戴为” principal organizers=planner=组织者、策划者postulated=assume=设想；假定extinction=die out=灭绝、绝迹abrupt=sudden=突然的allocated=distribute=分发、分布
Mighty=strong=强壮的 authentically=genuine=真的、真正的 eligible=entitle=给……权利（或资格）asserted=stated firmly=宣称、断言 permitted=allow=允许 proposed=suggest=建议 regret=sorry=后悔的 relied=depend on=依靠、依赖 removed=take off=脱掉、拿下
9：an improved=better=表示“改进了的、更好的“ breaks=beat=打破 provoked=elicit=引起、诱发gangsters=violent criminal=匪徒、歹徒、凶犯 framework=skeleton=框架、基本结构、骨架、骷髅hazard=danger=危险；危害
lure=at traction=吸引；诱惑 packaged=compactly=密集地；浓厚地 fascinated=intrigue=使……着迷、强烈地吸引住
probed=explore=探察；研究 settle=solve=解决 trembled=shake=摇动；颤抖 shocked=surprised=震惊的 abide=stick to=坚持；遵循 widens=broaden=变宽；扩大
10：shabby=unfair=不公正的；破旧的 uneasy=anxious =局促不安的、忧虑的、担心的 demolished=pull down=拆毁、毁掉、推翻adverse=unfavorable=不利的、逆的concise=short and clear=简明的courteous=respectful=礼貌的、谦恭的invaluable=extremely useful =无法估计的、十分宝贵的insane=crazy exhaustive=extremely thorough=透彻的、彻底的ingenious=clever=灵巧的、巧妙的eligible=qualified vigorous=healthy=精力充沛的、有活力的
abided by=adhere to=服从、遵守 without bias=fairly=偏袒、偏见 terminated=put an end to=结束。