阅读理解技巧点拨

阅读理解技巧点拨通常，阅读理解的题型可概括如下：A.细节理解题；B. 主旨大意题；C. 推理判断题；D.词义猜测题;一、细节理解题1.设问形式：此类型的问题常以what、who、which、when、where、how或者why等词引导。

2. 应对策略：根据关键词或句，锁定文中位置反复推敲，仔细甄别。

At a late night news conference, Nicholson said one team had advanced about 4800 feet in the four hours since entering the mine just before 6p.m. Another team entered the mine about 30 minutes later.If the team advanced at an average speed, they could dig about_________ per hour.A.1000feetB.2400feetC.1200feetD.4800feetFor the safety of the artworks and other visitor. Nothing may be carried on a visitor’s back, Soft front baby carriers are allowed, but children may not be carried on shoulders or in a child carrier worn on the back. Pushchairs are available free of charge near each checkroom.Parents with small children visiting the Gallery ______.A. can carry their children in soft front child carriers.B. can carry their children on their shouldersC. can carry their children in child carriers worn on the backD. ought to pay if they want to use pushchairs for their childrenPicture-taking (including video) for personal use is permitted except in special exhibitions and where specifically prohibited. Tripods(三脚架) are not allowed.Visiting photographers should make sure that ______.A. pictures and videos are allowed for personal use anywhere in the GalleryB. pictures and videos can be taken in some places for personal useC. picture-taking and videoing are totally forbidden in the GalleryD. tripods are allowed except in some special exhibitions二、主旨大意题1.设问形式：the main idea, the best title 等。

2.应对策略: 区分主要信息和细节性信息紧扣首尾不放松(尤其是首段或首句)瞻前顾后来总结(整合每段主题句，通常为每段第一句)Kleptomania is an illness of the mind that gives a person the desire to steal. Such a person is not really a thief. They are sick and cannot help themselves. All small children act naturally and as they grow up they normally learn to control their actions. People with kleptomania for certain medical reasons have failed to develop control over their desire to take things that do not belong to them. With medical help they may become normal citizens again. The things that a kleptomaniac steals are seldom of great value.They often give away what they have stolen or collect objects without using them.Q:What is the topic of the text?A. Young Thieves.B. An Unusual Illness.C. Reasons for StealingD. A Normal Child’s Actions.You dream each night, even though you may not remember your dreams. While you dream your eyes move and your heart beats faster. Even your brain-wave pattern changes. Some scientists think that dreaming is important for the sake of health. They claim that without dream, people would go crazy.Question: What does the passage mainly tells?A. How people stay healthyB. How sleep is necessaryC. Why dreams are importantD. When people remember their dreamsIn Shanxi Province you may be offered brains to eat. Frightened? You shouldn’t be, because these brains are only a kind of food, which is famous for its unusual name and rich nutrition.(营养). Brains as a kind of food were invented more than 300 years ago by Fu Shan, an artist whose mother had been ill for along time. To help her become well again, he studied medicine and invented a kind of soup(汤)made of meat, vegetables and a number of Chinese medicines. Rich wine was also used in the soup to help illness caused by old age. Fu’s soup became the talk of the town. Many people came to see him. One day a restaurant owner asked him what was in the soup. “I’ll tell you,” Fu said, “ but if your restaurant is going to sell to soup, you must call it brains because of its shape and color. And your restaurant should be renamed after my mother.”Q: The best headline for this newspaper article is _______.A. A Good SonB. A Special SoupC. How to Make BrainsD. How to Live Long Life.三、推理判断题1.设问形式：此类题型的问题常含有conclude、infer、the author’s (writer’s) opinion (attitude) 等词2. 应对策略：(回归原文，但要高于原文。

)找出能传达作者一定情感色彩的词或句(Signal Words) 。

1）根据带有情感色彩的词句推断2）根据上下文逻辑——并列或对比关系推断3）根据上下文逻辑因果关系推断Why isn't your newspaper reporting any good news？All I read about is murder，bribery（行贿），and death．Frankly，I'm sick of all this bad news．This author's attitude towards the newspaper reporting is to ______ ．A．complain B．apologize C．amuse D．informMore and cleverer computers will continue to appear．They will take over more tasks from us，helping to change the face of our world．Some people even think that sooner or later computers will replace us. However…..Which of the following statements will best continue the paragraph？A．Computers will soon stop developing．B．Many people like computers very much．C．Computers are as clever as man．D．I do not think computers will replace us completely．--- I decided it was time to introduce her to word processing(文字处理). This proved to be a bigger challenge to her, so I gave her some homework. I asked her to write me a letter, using different letter types, colors and spaces(‘06全国Ⅱ, C)The author asked the mother to write her a letter________.A. because her mother had stopped using the telephone.B. because she wanted to keep in touch with her mother.C. so that her mother could practice what she had learnedD. so that her mother could be free from housework四、词义猜测1.根据构词法推测词义2. 根据定语从句或同位语从句推测词义3. 根据并列/ 递进或对比/ 转折关系推测词义(同义词或反义词；并列连词或转折连词)4. 根据分号、破折号、冒号甚至括号来推测词义5. 根据来列举推测词义1 .Doctors believe that smoking is detrimental to people's health. They also regard drinking as harmful.2. The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.3. Tornadoes (violent and destructive whirl wind)normally occur on hot, humid (a little wet) day.4. They will be on the night shift — from midnight to 6 a. m. — next week5. Mr. Smith loves to talk, and his wife is similarly loquacious.6. American businessmen expect employees to be punctual. They do not expect that the workers will come late.7. Many United Nations employees are polyglots; Mr. Simon, for example, speaks five languages fluently.8. Since I could not afford to purchase the original painting, I bought a replica. An inexperienced eye could not tell the difference.五.常见错误A. 扩大范围(all , every…)B. 缩小范围(only, no …)C. 偷换概念D. 无中生有六、技巧点拨A.基本原则：回归原文B.阅读顺序：1、reading--- questions --- reading2、questions---reading---questions注：不同的题材、不同的题型决定不同的阅读方法；C.阅读方法：1. 标注法：有助于理清文章结构，思路；便于查找，节省时间2. 摘录法：长期积累，有助于写作的提高AOur town is in the eastern part of our country. Once a year, we elect a girl to show how beautiful and great our town is. All the girls are eager to get this position in an effort to become popular.It was not an easy choice this year, since there were eight girls to choose from. The elder judge finally decided that either Sara or May would get the position. Both girls were beautiful with extraordinary appearance. Besides, they had a good education and cared about how pollution had a bad effect on the earth. Most important, both girls got up early to eat eggs at their breakfast. Eggs were important to people of the east of our town because the economy here depended mainly on the production of eggs.“Either girl will win,” my father said, “But someone will cry in the end.”“Either will be fine,” I said, “They are both great girls.”The final round was held at the east edge of our town. Sara lived nearby so she did not need to get up early to arrive. However, she was the first person there. “You know what they say about the early bird. ”she said with a smile.However, May arrived fifteen minutes late to the competition. “It’s the taxi driver’s fault,” she said. “I told him to head east, but he was in one ear and thought I said Bread Cheese. You know, Bread Cheese is the name of our neighboring town.”I thought May would certainly lose because she was late, but to my surprise, she turned out to be this year’s winner. The judges liked her answer to their last question, “If you could have anything in the world, what would it be?”Sara replied, “World peace.” May, on the other hand, said, “Better market to have our eggs sell well”.56. Why was it difficult to make a choice this year?A. Because the girls just looked alike.B. Because people had to choose from eight girls.C. Because all the girls liked eggs.D. Because all the girls had a good education.57. What does the underlined sentence “You know what they say about the earlybird.” mean?A. she liked the early bird very much.B. she was sure that she would succeed.C. she lived nearby, so she should get there early.D. she wanted to show off her good language knowledge.58. Why was May chosen in the end?A. Because she arrived late and gave enough explanation.B. Because she gave a different answer from Sara’s.C. Because she looked more beautiful than Sara.D. Because her answer was more practical than Sara’s.59. According to the passage, which of the following maps is correct?BIf you have heard the report that the Cabinet（内阁）ofthe government of the Maldives, an Indian island nation,has held a meeting under water to make people aware ofclimate change, you will grasp the chance to visit theMaldives as soon as possible.ActivitiesThe pure white beaches and brilliant sunlight in the Maldives invite tourists with promises of “the last paradise（天堂）on earth”. It's also a major destination for scuba divers, who come for the fantastic coral reefs（珊瑚礁）and the wealth of life in the ocean. But it's not a place for those with a low travel budget（预算）or those who want to travel independently and live as the locals do.The tourism strategyTourism in the Maldives is carefully managed. The lack of local resources makes it necessary to import everything that a visitor needs, so it can't really compete on price. The strategy has been to develop a limited number of good tourist spots, each on its islands where no people live.The tourism strategy also aims to reduce the bad effects of tourism on their traditional way of life. Tourists can pay short guided visits to local fishing villages, but must then return to their tourist spot. To stay longer or to travel to islands outside the tourist zone requires a good reason and a special permit.WarningThe islands of the Maldives were hit by a tsunami（海啸）caused by a big underwater earthquake on December 26. The Maldives—a popular diving and honeymoon destination in the Indian Ocean—is one of several nations circling the Bay of Bengal that were hit by the terrible waves. Around 50 people have been killed. Travelers are urged to delay visiting those areas, and to seek advice from their local governments.60. This passage most likely appears in a (an) .A. CD reviewB. art reportC. travel guideD. history book61. The most popular activities in Maldives do NOT include ________.A. riding an elephantB. going scuba divingC. doing sun bathingD. enjoying the beautiful scenery62. We can learn from the passage that ________.A. The Maldives is a perfect destination for people with a low travel budgetB. The Maldives is located in the Indian OceanC. Visitors can travel to islands outside the tourist zone without any permitD. The government of the Maldives never considers protecting their traditional way of lifeCAll of us have read thrilling（惊险的）stories in which the hero had only a limited time to live. Sometimes it was as long as a year; sometimes as short as twenty-four hours, but we were always interested in discovering just how the hero chose to spend his last days or his last hours.Such stories make us think and wonder what we should do under similar circumstances. What happiness and regrets should we find in thinking about the past?Sometimes, I have thought it would be an excellent rule to live each day as if we should die tomorrow. Such an attitude would emphasize （强调）sharply the values of life. We should live each day with appreciation which is often lost when time stretches （延伸）before us with more days and months and years to come.Most of us take life for granted. We know that one day we must die, but usually we picture that day as far in the future. When we are in pleasant health, death is unimaginable. We seldom think of it. The days stretch out endlessly. So we go about our little task, hardly aware of our dull attitude towards life.The same attitude, I am afraid, falls on the use of our abilities and senses. Only the deaf appreciate hearing; only the blind realize the importance of sight. But those who have never lost hearing and sight seldom make the fullest use of these abilities. Their ears take in sound hazily, without concentration, and with little appreciation. People seldom realize how good it is being in good health until they have fallen ill. It is the same old story of not being grateful （感激的）without missing.67. When reading the thrilling stories, we usually ________.A. have curiosity about the hero’s limited lifeB show great interest in our own livesC. find many regrets in thinking about the pastD. have pity on ourselves68. From the passage, we can learn that ________.A. if we want to live an excellent life we should die tomorrowB. the disabled are eager to lose their abilities and sensesC. each of us should treasure what we have todayD. most of us are able to make full use of our time69. The underlined word “hazily” in the last pa ragraph probably means ________.A. happilyB. unclearlyC. freelyD. sadly70. The best title for this passage may probably be ________.A. Not Being Grateful without MissingB. Giving a Hand to the DisabledC. Making Use of Our SensesD. Learning from Thrilling Stories。