oracle数据库体系结构练习

alter tablespace SYSTEM begin backup;
alter tablespace UNDOTBS1 begin backup;
alter tablespace SYSAUX begin backup;
alter tablespace TEMP begin backup;
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 1000
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 'D:\ORADATA\TEST\REDO01.LOG' SIZE 50M,
sቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱze 10M;
SQL> create user test identified by test
2 default tablespace test;
grant connect,resource to test;
SQL> conn test/test
create table test(id number);
表空间已更改。
SQL> select 'alter tablespace '||tablespace_name||' begin backup;'
2 from dba_tablespaces;
'ALTERTABLESPACE'||TABLESPACE_NAME||'BEGINBACKUP;'
redo buffer
dbca:创建数据库
netca:配置网络
netmgr:配置网络
后台进程：
smon 系统监控进程
pmon 进程监控进程
ckpt(Checkpoint) 检查点进程
dbwn 数据文件写进程
lgwr 重做日志写进程
arcn 归档进程
database:
控制文件
OracleDBConsoleTEST em图形管理工具
http://localhost:1158/em
emctl start/stop/status dbconsole
OracleOraHOME1TNSlistener 监听服务
lsnrctl start/stop/status LISTENER_NAME
OracleServiceTEST DATABASE服务
首先启动该服务 然后启动数据库
alter tablespace test offline;
copy source target
copy target source
alter tablespace test online;
SQL> alter tablespace system begin backup;
instance + database = oracle server
sga+ 后台进程 = instance
sga/pga
sga instance启动时分配内存
pga 用户进行连接时分配内存
sga:
buffer cache
share pool
large pool
java pool
如果要保持数据库打开的状态下使用rman进行备份
数据库必须开启归档模式
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP on;
backup database format 'd:\rman\db%U';
exit
sqlplus "/ as sysdba"
shutdown immediate
startup mount
alter database noarchivelog;--修改为非归档模式
alter database archivelog; --修改为归档模式
alter database open;
archive log list
c:/>rman target /
RMAN> show all;
alter tablespace TEMP end backup;
alter tablespace USERS end backup;
alter tablespace EXAMPLE end backup;
alter tablespace TEST end backup;
关闭数据库
关闭服务
另外一个session
select * from test;
sql>show user
sql>conn / as sysdba
sqlplus "sys/oracle@test as sysdba"
shutdown abort
startup nomount
alter database mount;
'D:\ORADATA\TEST\UNDOTBS01.DBF',
'D:\ORADATA\TEST\SYSAUX01.DBF',
'D:\ORADATA\TEST\USERS01.DBF',
'D:\ORADATA\TEST\EXAMPLE01.DBF',
'D:\ORADATA\TEST\TEST01.DBF'
GROUP 2 'D:\ORADATA\TEST\REDO02.LOG' SIZE 50M,
GROUP 3 'D:\ORADATA\TEST\REDO03.LOG' SIZE 50M
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
'D:\ORADATA\TEST\SYSTEM01.DBF',
alter database open;
select status from v$instance;
select open_mode from v$database;
select * from v$dbfile;
SQL> create tablespace test
datafile 'D:\ORADATA\TEST\test01.dbf'
将服务启动修改成手动启动
oradim -edit -sid test -startmode manual
删除原数据库文件
copy备份位置的文件到原有位置
net start oracleservicetest
set oracle_sid=test
sqlplus "/ as sysdba"
2 from dba_tablespaces;
'ALTERTABLESPACE'||TABLESPACE_NAME||'ENDBACKUP;'
-----------------------------------------------------------
alter tablespace SYSTEM end backup;
startup
修改数据库到归档模式
log_archive_dest_1 LOCATION=D:\oradata\archive
alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=D:\oradata\archive' scope=spfile;
shutdown immedaite
alter tablespace USERS begin backup;
alter tablespace EXAMPLE begin backup;
alter tablespace TEST begin backup;
copy数据库到备份位置
SQL> select 'alter tablespace '||tablespace_name||' end backup;'
022
文件 666-022=644 110100100 rw-r--r--
文件夹 777-022=755 111101101 rwxr-xr-x
rw------- 110000000 600 066
with admin option 系统权限 A->B->C->D
with grant option 对象权限 A->B->D->D
conn / as sysdba
select tablespace_name from dba_segments
where segment_name='TEST'
and owner='TEST';
123456789
rwxrwxrwx
u g o
111111111
777
umask
-------------------------------------------------------------
alter tablespace SYSTEM begin backup;
alter tablespace UNDOTBS1 begin backup;
alter tablespace SYSAUX begin backup;
alter tablespace UNDOTBS1 end backup;