新概念第三册笔记 lesson4
新概念英语第三册：Lesson4重点句型解析
【导语】新概念英语作为家喻户晓的经典之作，它有着全新的教学理念，有趣的课⽂内容及其全⾯的技能训练，为⼴⼤的英语学习者提供帮助！如果你也想学好英语，⼜怎能错过新概念英语？下⾯⽆忧考为您提供了相关内容，希望对您有所帮助！ 1、Why did Alf wanta white-collar job? These days, people who do manual work often receive far more money than people who work in offices. people whodo manual work = blue-collar workers people who do mental work = white-collar workers= people who work in offices for more money(far 副词⽤来加强语⽓= much) 2、People who work in offices are frequently referred to as "white-collar workers' for the simple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work. refer to...as = regard...as 把...看作为 -- I always referto him as bookworm(n.书呆⼦)for the simple reason = for 引导的原因状语从句 for the reason that 多⽤于正式⽂体，because 多⽤于⼝语中。
-- He is refer to as a book wormforthe simple reason that he spare no efforts reading. -- He wassend to prison for he could not payhisdebts. 3、Such is human nature,that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becomingwhite-collarworkers. human nature⼈ such...that... (that 引导同位语从句,进⼀步补充说明such 的基本内涵) -- His kindness was suchthat we will never forget him. =Such was his kindness that… (such 在句⾸要倒装) =He was so kind that we will never forgethim. -- Such is human nature that we want to get a lot of things free. 介词for表⽰⼀种⽬的 be willing to do sth =be ready to do sth⼼⽢情愿做 4、This can give rise to curious situations, as itdid in the case of Alfred Bloggs who worked as adustman for the Ellesmere Corporation. give rise to =(lead to v.导致,通向)(cause vt.引起, 惹起)(result in v.导致) -- Such conduct might give rise to misunderstandings. 这种⾏为会引起误解。
新概念英语第三册-Lesson_4
Describe their work: doing mental work kinds: workplace: working in offices what they wear: wear a suit and tie how to call them: white-collar workers
Listening: Listen to the text, and
find out the main idea of the text:
The main idea of the text:
Actually Alfred is a dustman, but he disguises himself as a white-collar worker when he goes to work every morning. He wants to get a white-collar job even if it means he will be earning less money.
working in an office wearing a suit all day
he used to Others will call him “Mr. Bloggs”, not “Alf ”.
earning only half as much as
Deep understanding: Choose the best answer to each question: 1. Why did Alf want a white-collar job?
4. What does the case of Alfred Bloggs illustrate?
A．That manual workers prefer to keep their job a secret. B．That “white-collar workers” usually wear a suit to go to work. C．That people often care more about the status of a job than the salary. D．That office workers usually earn less than manual workers
新概念英语第三册-Lesson4
业工作的人多得多。 • These days, people who work in the sports world/entertainment industry often receive far more money than people who toil in other sectors.
Exercise
• 森林被称作地球之肺，因为它们为地球上的生物 提供氧气。 • Forests are frequently referred to as ‘the lungs of the earth’ for the simple reason that they provided oxygen for all the creatures on the earth.
Text
体育界/娱乐界的人挣的钱比在其他行业的人多 护士比医生挣得钱要少得多
•.
明星比农民挣得多得多
A receive more money than B.
A do more sth than B.
Text
• These days, people who do manual work often
Exercise
A is the power of TV that it can make a person • ______ suddenly famous. (09 辽宁) • A. Such B. This D. That D. So
Exercise
• 年轻人追星乃人之常情。 • Such is human nature that young people are often willing to run after their idol.
新概念英语第三册 Lesson 4 文章词汇语法详细解析
•manual adj.体力的(physical)；手动的，手控的(by hand)•far副词，可以放于比较级前用于加强语气。
【注】修饰形容词,副词比较级的常用修饰词有:no, a little, a bit, much, even, still, a lot, a great deal, far, by far, rather, any 等。
其中（1）no在修饰比较级时,在意义上否定两者,表示前者在某方面不比后者强多少.He is no richer than Peter. =He is as poor as Peter. 他和彼得一样穷。
（2）still修饰形容词,副词的比较级时,可以位于比较级之前或之后。
（3）在否定句,疑问句或条件状语从句中,修饰形容词,副词的比较级,只能用any来修饰.He can't jump any higher. 他不能跳得更高了.Can he jump any higher? 他能跳得更高一些吗?If you can jump any higher, I will give you a prize.如果你能跳得更高些,我就奖励你.1-2 坐办公室的之所以常常被称作“白领工人”，就是因为他们通常是穿着硬领白衬衫，系着领带去上班。
People {who work in offices are frequently referred to as ' white collar workers' for the simple reason [that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work]}.●∙∙∙refer to（...as）把...看作为，被称作regard...as…/callWe always refer to the teacher as a gardener. 我们总是把老师称作园丁。
新概念英语第三册Lesson4
Lesson 04 The double life of Alfred Bloggs1.New words and expression 生词和短语Double adj.两倍的, 双重的-- Double life, 双重生活-- Double character：双重人格-- Double chin：双下巴-- Double bed: 双人床, twin beds: 两张标准床。
Two-timer: a man who dates two women at the same time, 脚踩两只船。
manual adj.体力的〔= physical adj.身体的, 物质的-- manual work 体力工作-- manual labor 体力劳动者mental work 脑力工作collar n.衣领-- gold-collar adj. 金领阶层的。
- -white-collar adj.白领阶层的, 脑力劳动者〔those who do mental work-- blue-collar adj蓝领阶级的, 工人阶级的〔those who do manual workhot under the collar 怒气冲天-- He got hot under the collar when he knew that they laughed at him.make a collar: police catch criminals, 警察抓小偷sacrifice vt.牺牲,献出〔to give up for good purpose-- sacrifice one's life for the country-- sacrifice timesacrifice n.牺牲〔-- make many sacrificesdustman n.清洁工corporation n.公司, 大型股份-- multinational corporation: 跨国公司Company: 小公司Enterprise: 企业-- Joint-venture enterprise: 合资企业-- State-owned enterprise: 国有企业-- Township enterprise: 乡镇企业-- Non-government run school: 民办学校overalls n.工作服shower n.淋浴secret n.秘密adj.秘密的, 隐秘的Confidential adj.机密的keep secret 保密-- It's between you and me. 此事只介于你我之间。
新概念第三册Lesson 3-4词汇课文详细讲解
New Words and Expressions
6. civilization n. 文明（尤其指高级的）
Eg: 高度文明 high level of civilization 精神文明 spiritual civilization 物质文明 material civilization
civilize v. 使文明，教化 civilized adj. 文明的，有礼貌的
New Words and Expressions
11. classical adj. (希腊罗马)古文化的；古典的，经典的
Eg: I'm interested in classical architecture.
我喜爱古典建筑风格。
classical music
古典音乐
classical education 人文科学教育
Listen to the tape then answer the question below.听录音，然后回答以下问题。
How did the archaeologists know that the statue was a goddess?
Because the fragment were found in the most sacred room of the temple.
非洲许多部落仍认为蛇是不可冒犯的。
Practice:
Public schools are often viewed as ____(holy/sacred) cows. 答案：sacred. 句意：公立学校常被认为是批评的禁区。sacred cow 指“不可 批评的人，思想或事物”。holy cow表感叹，意为“不会吧；哎呀；我的天啊”。
新概念英语第三册Lesson4~6课文翻译及词汇(最新)
新概念英语第三册Lesson4课文翻译及词汇【课文】The Double Life of Alfred BloggsThese days, people who do manual work often receive far more money than people who work in offices. People who work in offices are frequently referred to as ‘white-collar workers' for the simple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work. Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers. This can give rise to curious situations, as it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs who worked as a dustman for the Ellesmere Corporation.When he got married, Alf was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job. He simply told her that he worked for the Corporation. Every morning, he left home dressed in a smart black suit. He then changed into overalls and spent the next eight hours as a dustman. Before returning home at night, he took a shower and changed back into his suit. Alf did this for over two years and his fellow dustmen kept his secret. AlF's wife has never discovered that she married a dustman and she never will, for Alf has just found another job. He will soon be working in an office. He will be earning only half as much as he used to, but he feels that his rise in status is well worth the loss of money. From now on, he will wear a suit all day and others will call him 'Mr. Bloggs', not 'Alf'.【课文翻译】如今，从事体力劳动的人的收入一般要比坐办公室的人高出许多。
新概念英语第三册Lesson 4 知识讲解(具体、含练习及答案)
新概念英语第三册Lesson 4 The double life of Alfred Bloggs知识讲解重点:1、本课书重点词汇、句型2、词汇辨析：get married与be married；invent、discover、find与create3、关于“倍数”的表达；too...to.../so ...that的表达等难点：worth的用法教学目标：1、能理解课文大意、掌握课文中重点词汇、句型2、能辨析相关近义词汇3、理解worth的用法、记住worth的用法误区教学过程：一、【生词、短语学习】double adj.两倍的, 双重的manual adj.体力的（= physical adj.身体的, 物质的）manual work 体力工作=physical workmental work 脑力工作例句：体力工作和脑力工作都需要能量。
有时脑力工作比体力劳动更消耗能量。
collar n.衣领white-collar adj.白领阶层的, 脑力劳动者（those who do mental work）blue-collar adj蓝领阶级的, 工人阶级的（those who do manual work）get hot under the collar 怒气冲天例句：He got hot under the collar when he knew that they laughed at him.当他知道他们嘲笑他的时候，他怒气冲天。
sacrifice vt.牺牲，献出（to give up for good purpose）-- sacrifice one's life for the country为国家献身-- sacrifice time牺牲时间、贡献时间sacrifice n.牺牲（-- make many sacrifices）即学即用：伟大的人往往不在意为别人贡献一切。
过去的牺牲使他赢得了别人的尊重。
新概念英语第三册第4课
manual adj. 体力的，手工的(=physical 身体的）；
New words：
n. 手册，指南 manual work; mental(精神的，思想的） work ; manual labour 体力劳动 manual worker; manual labourer; manual craft（技术，手艺） 手工艺； manual training 手工课； training manual 训练手册
these days “目前，当前，如今”；类似的还有： at present，at the present time, currently, nowadays, for the time being 眼下 for the moment 暂时，目前 for more money（far副词用来加强语气= much）
overalls n.工作服
working clothes; sports wear 运动服；nighty 睡衣 boiler（锅炉，热水器)suit 连体工作服
shower n.淋浴；阵雨；（一）阵，（一）批）
a shower of 一阵, 大量 a shower of criticism / arrows be showered with 被大量给予…
sacrifice n.牺牲（品），献身，供品 privilege n.好处； v. 给予…特权；特免
（= advantage n.优势, 有利条件, 利益） sacrifice one„s advantage/privilege 牺牲掉某人的好处 enjoy privileges 享有特权 privilege sb. from sth. 特免某人… privilege n.特权, 特别待遇；免责特权（= special right） -give/grant sb. the privilege of doing sth 特许某人做某事 privileged a.荣幸的 -- We are privileged to be together with professor Smith this evening.
新概念英语第三册Lesson 4 The double life of Alfred 课件
enjoy a privilege/privileges abuse a privilege
Education is a right, not a privilege. right 权利 power 权力
privilege
n. 好处，特权；荣幸
2.U：the rights and advantages that rich and poweful people have 贬义
cause 这种行为可能会引起误解。 Such behavior might give rise to misunderstanding.
※ This can give rise to curious situations, as it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs who worked as a dustman for the Ellesmere Corporation.
garbage man/collector （AmE） refuse collector
BrE rubbish AmE garbage/trash
dustbin ---- can
dustman garbage man/collector
corporation
Corp. :a large business company
When he got married , Alf was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job. He simply told her that he worked for the Corporation .
manual labor/ work/ jobs/manual------- mental material-------spiritual spiritual civilization/ material civilization
新概念英语第三册课后习题答案详解
2... B
3... C
为…表示感谢：be grateful for…/ be thankful for…
不辞辛劳地做某事：take the trouble to do sth.
4... B in the past是过去时态的标志；always用在实意动词之前
-- They made her wait for hours.àShe was made to wait for hours.
5…答案正确：D
A）把say改成claim就对了（-- People claimed to have seen the puma.）
D）清楚的道明了动作发生的先后关系
6…正确答案：B
Lesson 01 A Puma at large
Special difficulties难点
Exercises A
1. at/for 2. to 3. to 4. in 5. on
Exercises B
1. He is the man we have heard about so much.
2. The shelf you put those books on has collapsed.（vi.倒塌,崩溃,瓦解）
at this distance of/in time时隔已久
-- I can hardly remember him at this distance of time.时隔这么久,我几乎想不起来他了。
原句中的when引导的时间状语从句表示：－...就…（as soon as）
被动：On being observed, it immediately ran away.
新概念英语第3册课程讲义Lesson4
Lesson 4 The double life of Alfred Bloggsmanual ['mænjuəl]adj. 体力的manual work / labor反义：mental or spiritual?mental work / labor spiritualmaterial “man(u)” = handmanufacturebiscuit manufacturerssoap manufacturersmanacle manuscriptemancipateemancipate slavesthe emancipation of womenthe Emancipation Proclamationcollar ['kɒlə(r)]n. 衣领collaraboveHi, buddy! muchI love you, honey. colorThe color of the collar is white.white-collar workersblue-collar workersThe policeman collared the thief.tie tie a tie sigh a sighwish a wishI wished a wish on the star.dream a dreamdie a glorious deathbreathe one’s last breathsacrifice ['sækrɪfaɪs]v. 牺牲，献出sacrifice … for …Many women sacrifice their careers for their families.Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers.Relatively few people are prepared to sacrifice holiday time for the pleasure of travelling by sea. give up abandonabandon ship renouncerenounce smoking and drinkingcedeHong Kong was ceded to Britain after the Opium War.privilege ['prɪvəlɪdʒ]n. 特权，特殊的好处enjoy a privilege abuse a privilegeEducation is a right, not a privilege.have the privilege to do …Today, I have the privilege to speak at this important international forum on behalf of the Chinesegovernment.corporation [kɔ:pə'reɪʃn]n. 公司multinational corporationcompany firmbusiness concernenterpriseforeign funded enterprisejoint-venture enterprisestate-owned enterprise (SOE)private enterprisetownship enterpriseThese days, people who do manual work often receive far more money than people who work in offices.these days today nowadaysin those daysIn those days, boxers fought with bare fists for prize money.In those days wandering minstrels were welcome everywhere.receive moneymake moneyearn moneyfar / much / even / still / yet …slightly / a little / a bit …造句：现如今，在娱乐界(the entertainment field) 工作的人挣的钱往往比在教育行业(the education sector) 工作的人多得多。
新概念第三册 lesson 4
Revision
• • • • • done with or controlled by the hands manual Endure the loss of, give up sacrifice special right or advantage privilege cause to happen, lead to give rise to to make someone feel ashamed, nervous, or uncomfortable embarrass • social or professional rank or position status • To mention or to speak of refer to • ready or eager to do adj willing (to)
pron
He will soon be working in an office
• 将来某一时间内正在进行的动作 . • 有很强的推测性. • 和其它进行时一样，含有一定的情感,通常是一 种期待。 • What will you be doing at this time next Monday? • My duties will end in July , and I'll be returning to ShangHai. • He won‟t be coming to the party.
Fill in the blanks
• Alfred was tooembarrassed ________ to tell his wife about his job as a dustman ______when he got married, he was ashamed to tell his wife that he does______ manual work, so he had to lie to his wife every day and left homedressed _____ in a black suit, then changed into overalls _____ at work. He has found earn only half as another job, though he will _____ before, he still thinks the rise in satus ____ is well loss worth the ______ of money. • Such is human nature, that people will sacrifice _____higher pay for the privilege ______ of becoming a white-collar worker
新概念英语第三册lesson4
ege
privilege
n. 特权；优待 vt. 给予…特权；特免
eg.
1.It was a great privilege to hear her sing.
听她唱歌真是三生有幸。
2.It must be a privilege to know such a man.
3.Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers.
that 引导的是such的同位语从句
n. 地位；状态；情形；重要身份
social status 社会地位 economic status 经济地位 health status 健康状况 legal status 法律地位
status
辨析： state (人/事) 状态
condition (人/事) 情况
situation （事）情形
___________________________
half的后置定语，意思相 当于 previous pay
现身说“法”
Grammar
such 前置引起的倒装
such 置于句首，句子进行了倒装，主要目的 是强调，that 引导的是such的同位语从句。
Such is human nature , that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white collar workers.
新概念英语第三册Lesson4重点句子及解析
新概念英语第三册Lesson4重点句子及解析1.These days, people who do manual work often receive far more money than people who work in offices.如今，从事体力劳动的人的收入一般要比坐办公室的人高出很多。
语言点1：句子结构分析：far more money than…是典型的比较结构。
一个who分别引导一个定语从句，分别修饰“两种不同类型”的工作人群。
语言点2：表示“当前，当前”的短语总结：These days 如今；at present 当前；at the present time 当前；currently 当今；nowadays 当前；for the moment当前；forthe time being 时下；presently 时下。
2.People who work in offices are frequently referred toas'white collar workers' for the simple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work.坐办公室的人之所以常常被称作“白领工人”，就是因为他们通常是穿着硬领白衬衫，系着领带去上班。
语言点：句子结构分析：who引导定语从句，修饰people。
White-collar workers用引号括起，为借代修辞格。
That引导同位语从句，解释说明reason的内容。
3.Such is human nature, that a great many people areoften willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white collar workers.很多人常常情愿放弃较高的薪水以换取做白领工人的殊荣，此乃人之常情。
新概念英语3、册第4课-第4课笔记）
新概念英语3、册第4课-第4课笔记）《Thirteen equals one》的笔记：identical 强调两者的完全一致平等权利 equal opportunity2014-06-26 15:48We need to have a balanced diet. 饮食均衡2014-06-26 15:48神职人员：priest, pastor, rector, clergyman 2014-06-26 15:48vicar 英国国教神父priest 特指天主教神父pastor 基督教神父rector 掌管一个教区的神父clergyman 神职人员的总称2014-06-26 15:49raise cash / capital / fundraise funds for 为……筹集资金2014-06-26 15:50raise the wind for= make a collection for 为……筹集款项2014-06-26 15:55pass the hat around 募捐=donate money to.......2014-06-26 15:55patronize sb. / sth. 赞助……2014-06-26 15:56the cause of world peace 世界和平事业for one cause / thing or another表达某种原因、理由We'll get out of the mess in one way or another.For one reason or another, the meeting was postponed.2014-06-26 15:57You knew that when you were out in practice you would inevitably error atone time or another.If you work hard, you can get one reward or another.2014-06-26 15:57have my car repaired 请某人来修车have my hair done / cut 做头发2014-06-26 15:58arise多用于诗歌或者比喻中rise指具体的或抽象的事务由低到高移动raise多指某物从低处到高处移动2014-06-26 16:01When the clock was striking twelve, Cinderella ran away.Twelve had just struck when she ran away.2014-06-26 16:08day and night...=all the time总是night after night = every night2014-06-26 16:08day after dayfailure after failureweek after weekcar after carafter adv. 一个接一个地2014-06-26 16:09The train stopped station after station. 火车一站接一站的停2014-06-26 16:10damage 和 destroy 强调事物被损害：destroy 完全地摧毁damage 一般性的损坏injure 和 hurt 主要指人受到伤害injure 身体上受到某种伤害hurt 心灵上受到伤害2014-06-26 16:11silent = soundless 无声的安静still = motionless 没有动作的安静quiet 周围气氛的安详2014-06-26 16:12a silent film 无声电影The letter 'h' in 'hour' is silent.with a start.n. / v. 猛地一惊The sound of footsteps gave me quite a start.She started at the sound of the phone.源于 startle v. 使某人大吃一惊2014-06-26 16:14armed to the teeth 全副武装the armed forces of a country 国家武装力量be armed with some weapon / knowledge/ skillsShe came to the meeting armed with all the facts and figures. 反义：disarm v. 解除武装2014-06-26 16:15caught sight of看见看不见：lose sight ofcatch sight of 强调动态see 静态结果2014-06-26 16:16local government 地方政府local time 当地时间as good as和……一样好Her work is as good as his.作为adv. 表示：和……几乎一样，实际上等于We are as good as defeated.我们差不多失败了。
新概念英语第三册课堂笔记：第4课
Lesson 4The double life of Alfred Bloggs阿尔弗雷德.布洛格斯的双重⽣活【New words and expressions】⽣词和短语double：双重的★manualadj. 体⼒的＝physicalmanual work: 体⼒⼯作mental work: 脑⼒⼯作★collarn. ⾐领white-collar:⽩领（do mental work)bule-collar: 蓝领（do manual work)（get) hot underthe collar:怒⽓冲天★sacrificev. 牺牲，献出vt.……to give up for good purpose sacrifice one's life for the countrysacrifice timen.……make many sacrifices★privilegen. 好处=advantage特权（special right)牺牲掉⾃⼰的好处：sacrifice one's advantage/privilege特许某⼈做某事：give sb.the privilege of doing sth. privileged:（a.)荣幸的★dustmann. 清洁⼯★corporationn. 公司★overallsn. ⼯作服★showern. 淋浴★secretn. 秘密a. keep secret:保密It's between you and me.I'll keep it to myself.confidential：机密的in secret:私下⾥＝secretly,in private,privatelyI was told about it in secret.in the secret:知道内情He was in the secret form the beginning★statusn. 地位＝social positionstatusstatue:雕像，塑像Listen to the tape then answer the question below.听录⾳，然后回答以下问题。
新概念英语第三册Lesson 4 知识讲解(具体、含练习及答案)
新概念英语第三册Lesson 4 The double life of Alfred Bloggs知识讲解重点：1、本课书重点词汇、句型2、词汇辨析:get married与be married；invent、discover、find与create3、关于“倍数"的表达；too.。
to。
./so .。
that的表达等难点：worth的用法教学目标：1、能理解课文大意、掌握课文中重点词汇、句型2、能辨析相关近义词汇3、理解worth的用法、记住worth的用法误区教学过程：一、【生词、短语学习】double adj.两倍的，双重的manual adj。
体力的（= physical adj。
身体的, 物质的）manual work 体力工作=physical workmental work 脑力工作例句：体力工作和脑力工作都需要能量。
有时脑力工作比体力劳动更消耗能量。
collar n。
衣领white—collar adj.白领阶层的, 脑力劳动者（those who do mental work）blue—collar adj蓝领阶级的，工人阶级的（those who do manual work）get hot under the collar 怒气冲天例句:He got hot under the collar when he knew that they laughed at him。
当他知道他们嘲笑他的时候,他怒气冲天。
sacrifice vt。
牺牲,献出（to give up for good purpose）—- sacrifice one’s life for the country为国家献身—- sacrifice time牺牲时间、贡献时间sacrifice n.牺牲(——make many sacrifices)即学即用：伟大的人往往不在意为别人贡献一切。
过去的牺牲使他赢得了别人的尊重。
新概念英语第三册第4课
Eg. His kindness was such that we will never forget him.
= Such was his kindness that… （such在句首要倒装）
Such is human nature that everybody tries to earns more and work less. If such is the case, we need not to go there.
-- It's between you and me. 此事只介于你我之间。 -- I'll keep it to myself. 我会保守秘密的。
in secret 私下里（= secretly, in private, privately） -I was told about it in secret. in the secret 知道内情 -He was in the secret from the beginning make no secret of 不隐瞒 status n.地位（= social position）
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
牺牲掉自己的好处：
sacrifice one's advantage/privilege
特许某人做某事：
give sb.the privilege of doing sth.
privileged:（a.)荣幸的
★dustman
n. 清洁工
★corporation
changed into：换上
Before returning home=Before he returned home
在Before引导的时间状语从句中，return的逻辑主语和主句的主语he是保持一致的，所以这个时间状语是有介词Before和动名词搭配而成，相当于Before引导的时间状语从句。
如果表示状态：get married,be married
如果表明和某人已经结婚多长时间了：be married to sb
The old man has been married to his wife for 50 years.
too...to...：太...而不能
refer to...as = regard...as 把...看作为
I always refer to him as boolworm（书呆子）
for the simple reason=>for 引导的原因状语从句
for the reason that比because正式，因此多用于正式文体
mental work: 脑力工作
★collar
n. 衣领
white-collar:白领（do mental work)
bule-collar: 蓝领（do manual work)
（get) hot underthe collar:怒气冲天
★sacrifice
v. 牺牲，献出
如果运用动名词形式，动名词的逻辑主语必须是主句的主语
After gettting home,he had a good rest.
Before having dinner,he finished all his homework.
she never will=she will never discover the secret
在省略句式中，never要放在助动词之前
“will you go to see her?"
“I will never to to see her"/"no ,I never will."
half as much as (he used to)
half(a quarter,twice,three times)as .... as...---表示倍数
参考译文
如今，从事体力劳动的人的收入一般要比坐办公室的人高出许多。坐办公室的之所以常常被称作“白领工人”，就是因为他们通常是穿着硬领白衬衫，系着领带去上班。许多人常常情愿放弃较高的薪水以换取做白领工人的殊荣，此乃人之常情。而这常常会引起种种奇怪的现象，在埃尔斯米尔公司当清洁工的艾尔弗雷德.布洛斯就是一个例子。
simply:副词，用来修饰限定动词told
dressed in a smart balck suit---形容词短语表示一种状态
He got to work dressed in a beautiful coat.
He left home wearing a smart balck suit.
in secret:私下里
＝secretly,in private,privately
I was told about it in secret.
in the secret:知道内情
He was in the secret form the beginning
★status
n. 地位
I won't marry a man who is twice as old as me.
We gotபைடு நூலகம்three times as many people as we expected.
This room is about three times as large as that one.
介词for表示一种目的
be willing to do sth.=be ready to do sth.心甘情愿做
give rise to,lead to,cause:引起，惹起＝result in
Such conduct might give rise to misunderstandings.
n. 公司
★overalls
n. 工作服
★shower
n. 淋浴
★secret
n. 秘密
a. keep secret:保密
It's between you and me.
I'll keep it to myself.
confidential：机密的
vt.……to give up for good purpose
sacrifice one's life for the country
sacrifice time
n.……
make many sacrifices
★privilege
n. 好处
=advantage
特权（special right)
...as（形容词或副词原形）as...：是...几倍
比...多几倍：...times（形容词或副词比较级）
This road is four times longer than that one.
＝》This road is five times as long as that one.
The bad conditions have given rise to a lot of crimes.
in the case of: 至于，就...而言＝concerning
Stealing isno shame in the case of him.
in case of:（连）万一，以访
human nature人性
such...that...
that引导同位语从句，进一步补充说明such的基本内涵
His kindness was such that we will never forget him.
＝》Such was his kindness...
Such is human nature that we want to get a lot of things free.
is well worth the loss of money
What he obtained is well worth the loss of time.
Lesson 4
The double life of Alfred Bloggs
阿尔弗雷德.布洛格斯的双重生活
【New words and expressions】 生词和短语
double：双重的
★manual
adj. 体力的
＝physical
manual work: 体力工作
艾尔弗结婚时，感到非常难为情，而没有将自己的职业告诉妻子。他只说在埃尔斯米尔公司上班。每天早晨，他穿上一身漂亮的黑色西装离家上班，然后换上工作服，当8个小时清洁工。晚上回家前，他洗个淋浴，重新换上那身黑色西服。两年多以来，艾尔弗一直这样，他的同事也为他保守秘密。艾尔弗的妻子一直不知道她嫁给了一个清洁工，而且她永远也不会知道了，因为艾尔弗已找到薪职，不久就要坐办公室里工作了。他将来挣的钱只有他现在的一半。不过他觉得，地位升高了，损失点儿钱也值得。从此，艾尔弗可以一天到晚穿西服了。别人将称呼他为“布洛格斯先生”，而不再叫他“艾尔弗”了。
You should ensure your house in case of fire.
who引导定语从句
too embarrassed to say:太尴尬而没有说明
be ashamed of
get married
marry(v.)如果强调动作：He married the girl
When he got married, Alf was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job. He simply told her that he worked for the Corporation. Every morning, he left home dressed in a smart black suit. He then changed into overalls and spent the next eight hours as a dustman. Before returning home at night. He took a shower and changed back into his suit. Alf did this for over two years and his fellow dustmen kept his secret Alf's wife has never discovered that she married a dustman and she never will, for Alf has just found another job. He will soon be working in an office. He will be earning only half as much as he used to, but he feels that his rise in status is well worth the loss of money. From now on, he will wear a suit all day and others will call him 'Mr. Bloggs', not 'Alf'.