诺机亚培训教材(英文)

USL nominal value
USL nominal value
Defect
LSL
LSL
The Two Causes of Variation
USL
❖ Common Causes:
Nominal value
LSL
Defect
USL nominal value
LSL
Causes that are implemented in the process due to the design of the process, and affect all outcomes of the process
Two Types of Product Characteristics
Variable: A characteristic measured in physical units, e.g. millimetres, volts, amps, decibel and seconds.
Attribute: A characteristic that by comparison to some
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sampling plan needs to be made on the 118.51 1 1 8 .5 3
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4 Use of the NMP Data Collection Spreadsheet
44
5 Confidence of Cpk
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Process Capability - Evaluating Manufacturing Variation
Acknowledgements
• Benny Matthiassen • Frank Adler • Joni Laakso • Jim Christy
maximum
variation of a
dimension. Rejected Part Acceptable part
Rejected

Rejected Part
Product
LSL (lower specification limit) 10,7
Nominal USL (upper specification limit) 10,80,1 10,9
Measurement Report In most cases we measure only one part per cavity for measurement report
Example of Capability Analysis
Data
❖ For some critical dimensions we need to measure more than 1 part
• StablveaPrroiacebssi:lity Aouptrcoo=cme>sessdianuriwseehsitcoohnvlcyarofiraomtmiomn inon commcaonucsauesses
• Unstable Process: A process in which variation is a result of both common and special causes
Identifying these types of causes requires methods such as Design of Experiment (DOE), etc.
❖ Special Causes: Shewhart (1931)
Tolerances
A tolerance is
a allowed
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basis of production quantity, run 118.51
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5th S ubgroup 6th S ubgroup 7th S ubgroup 8th S ubgroup
(NMP CMT, Copenhagen, Denmark) (NMP Alliance, Dallas, USA)
(NMP R&D, Salo, Finland) (NMP SRC, Southwood, UK)
Section 1
Variation, Tolerances and Dimensional Control
ON
standard is judged “good” or “bad”, e.g. free from scratches
(visual quality). OFF
The Sources of Process/System Variation
Equipment
Methods
Environment
Process
Customer Satisfaction
Operators
Material
Two Types of Processes
❖ All processes
– Unnatural variability
have:
=> due to special causes
Natural (random)
❖ For capability data we usually measure
5 pcs 2 times/hour=100 pcs (but 1 s t S u b g ro u p 2 n d S u b g ro u p 3 rd S u b g ro u p 4 th S u b g ro u p
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诺机亚培训教材(英文)
Contents
Section
Heading / Description
Page
1 Variation, Tolerances and Dimensional Control
4
2 Population, Sample and Normal Distribution
15
3 Cp and Cpk Concept