人教新目标(Go for it)版八年级上册英语期中复习—重要知识考点+练习过关(含答案)

重要知识考点总结归纳
一、复合不定代词的用法 (1)
二、一般过去时的用法 (2)
三、反身代词的用法 (4)
四、频度副词的用法 (5)
五、形容词和副词的比较级 (7)
六、形容词和副词的最高级的用法 (9)
七、动词不定式作宾语的用法 (11)
八、反意疑问句的用法 (13)
重要知识考点总结归纳
一、复合不定代词的用法
1、复合不定代词只相当于名词，在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语，不能作定语（即不具有形容
词的性质）。

❶ 含-body和-one的复合不定代词只用来代替人，在功能和意义上完全相同，可以互换。

eg：Someone/Somebody is crying in the next room.有人在隔壁房间里哭。

❶ 含-thing的复合不定代词只用来指事物。

eg：Are you going to buy anything? 你打算去买东西吗？
2、复合不定代词都作单数看待，如果充当主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

eg：Is everyone here today? 今天大家都到齐了吗？
Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.世上无难事，只怕有心人。

3、形容词修饰复合不定代词时，要放在复合不定代词的后面。

eg：Can you tell something interesting? 你能讲一些有趣的事情吗？
Did you go anywhere interesting last weekend？上周末你去什么有趣的地方了
4、和some，any用法一样，含有-some的复合不定代词一般用于肯定句和请求语气的句子中，
含有-any的复合不定代词一般用于否定句、疑问句。

eg：I have something important to tell you. 我有一些重要的事要告诉你。

Do you have anything to say? 你有话要说吗？
5、在表示请求、邀请、提建议等的疑问句和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句中，也可用含
-some的复合不定代词。

eg：Would you like something to eat? 你想要吃的东西吗？（表示建议）
Could you tell me something about her？你能告诉我一些关于她的事吗？（表示请求）Why don’t you ask someone to help you？你为什么不请人帮你呢?（表示反问）
6、含有any的复合不定代词也可以用于肯定句中，表示“任何人”或“任何事”的意思。

eg：Anything is OK. 什么都行。

Anybody knows the answer. 任何人都知道答案。

【考题练习】
❶ 选择题
( )1.I’m hungry. I want ________ to eat.
A. anything
B. something
C. everything
D. nothing
( )2.—Do you have ________ to say for yourself?
—No, I have ________ to say.
A. something; everything
B. nothing; something
C. everything; anything
D. anything; nothing
( )3.Why not ask ________ to help you?
A. everyone
B. someone
C. anyone
D. none
( )4.Everything ________ ready. We can start now.
A. Are
B. is
C. be
D. were
( )5.There’s ________ with his eyes. He’s OK.
A. anything wrong
B. wrong something
C. nothing wrong
D. wrong nothing
( )6.She listened carefully, but heard ________.
A. anyone
B. something
C. everyone
D. nothing
( )7.I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ________.
A. everything
B. anything
C. something
D. nothing
( )8.Everything ________ good.
A. be
B. are
C. is
D. were
❷用适当的复合不定代词填空
9.Listen, __________ is singing next door.
10.She didn’t go there with __________ last week.
11.Would you like __________ to eat?
e here! I have __________ important to tell you.
13.－Is __________ here？
－Yes，all the students are here.
二、一般过去时的用法
牢记与一般过去时连用的时间状语；熟练掌握规则动词过去式的构成及不规则动词过去式的变化。

⑴ 主+be→“主系结构”
肯定句：主语+ be (was/were) +其他.
否定句：主语+ be (was/were)n't +其他.
—般疑问句：be (was/were) +主语+其他?
特殊疑问句：疑问词+be (was/were)+主语+其他？
⑴ 主+动→“主谓结构”
肯定句：主语+行为动词原形+其他.
否定句：主语+ didn't +行为动词原形+其他.
一般疑问句：Did +主语+行为动词原形+其他？
特殊疑问句：疑问词+did +主语+行为动词原形+其他?
eg：I was very busy last Friday. 我上个星期五很忙。

Mike wasn't at school. 迈克不在学校。

－Were they doctors? 他们以前是医生吗？
－Yes, they were. 是的，他们是。

－Where was Lucy last year? 去年露西在哪儿？
－She was in Shanghai. 她在上海。

He taught me how to make a model plane. 他教我怎么制作飞机模型。

Andrew didn't have classes this morning. 今天上午安德鲁没课。

－Did you telephone your uncle yesterday? 你昨天给你叔叔打电话了吗？
－Yes,I did. 是的,我打了。

/No,I didn't. 不,我没打。

－When did you get up this morning? 今天早晨你几点钟起床的？
－At six. 6点钟。

【考题练习】
❶ 句型转换
14.Mary saw her English teacher just now.（改为否定句）
______________________________________________________________________________ 15.Jack bought something special in the gift shop.（改为一般疑问句）
______________________________________________________________________________ 16.We went to the movie yesterday.（对画线部分提问）
______________________________________________________________________________ 17.Tony went to Tibet on vacation.（对画线部分提问）
______________________________________________________________________________ 18.Danny visited the small town two years ago.（对画线部分提问）
______________________________________________________________________________ 19.Did you go to the movies with your parents last night? （作肯定/否定回答）
______________________________________________________________________________
❶ 选择题
( )20.—Where did you go last winter vacation?
—I ________ to London with my family.
A. go
B. have gone
C. went
D. was going ( )21.He ________ me his name, but I can't remember it now.
A. tells
B. told
C. will tell
D. is telling ( )22.—Wendy, how long have you had the Huawei P30 Pro?
—A couple of days. I ________ it last week.
A. bought
B. buy
C. will buy
D. have bought ( )23.—What did you do the day before yesterday?
—I ________ for an English test.
A. is studying
B. studied
C. study
D. will study ( )24.The teacher ________ why the boy was late for school again.
A. made
B. wondered
C. waited
D. took
三、反身代词的用法
反身代词多用于动词或介词后做宾语；强调“某人自己”；反身代词应与自己的逻辑主语在人称和数上保持一致。

eg：The child can dress himself. 这孩子能自己穿衣服了。

I teach myself English. 我自学英语。

I finished the work by myself. 我一个人完成了这项工作。

固定搭配：help oneself (to sth.) 随便吃/喝（某物）；dress oneself 某人自己穿衣服；enjoy oneself 玩得开心，过得愉快；by oneself单独，独自；speak to oneself自言自语；
eg：Jim,help yourself to some cakes. 吉姆，请随便吃点蛋糕。

My son is now able to dress himself. 我儿子现在会自己穿衣服了。

【考题练习】
( )25.Those girls enjoyed ________ in the party last night.
A. them
B. they
C. themselves
D. herself
( )26.Help ________ to some fish, children.
A. yourself
B. your
C. yours
D. yourselves ( )27.The film ________ is very fun.
A. it’s
B. itself
C. it
D. its
( )28.—Who teaches ________ math?
—I teach ________.
A. your, myself
B. you, myself
C. you, me
D. you, herself
( )29.The father will make ________ a bike ________.
A. her, himself
B. she, himself
C. her, herself
D. she, herself
( )30.The scarf is ________, she made it ________.
A. herself, her
B. herself, hers
C. hers, herself
D. her, herself
( )31.Liu Hulan’s death was great. She thought more of others than ________.
A. her
B. she
C. hers
D. herself
( )32.Luckily, he didn’t hurt ________ terribly yesterday.
A. him
B. themselves
C. himself
D. they
( )33.I can’t mend my shoe ________. Can you mend it for ________ ?
A. myself, me
B. myself, I
C. me, I
D. I, me
( )34.I like watching ________ in the mirror.
A. me
B. I
C. my
D. myself
四、频度副词的用法
❶频度副词的含义：表示次数、频率的副词称为频度副词。

常用的频度副词按频率的高低依次为：always﹥usually﹥often﹥sometimes﹥seldom﹥hardly ever﹥never
eg：John always comes late. 约翰总是迟到。

He hardly ever exercises. 他几乎从不锻炼。

❷表示具体的频率、次数时,一次用once,两次用twice,三次及以上用“基数词+ times”表示。

eg：I exercise once a week.我一周锻炼一次。

I visit my grandmother four times a year. 我一年去看望我（外）祖母四次。

❸频度副词的位置
频度副词一般位于情态动词、助动词、连系动词之后，实义动词之前。

eg：He can never understand. 他永远也不会明白。

（在情态动词之后）
She is sometimes very busy. 她有时很忙。

（在be动词之后）
He sometimes goes there on business. 他有时到那里出差。

（在实义动词之前）❹频度副词常与一般现在时连用，表示现在经常或反复发生的动作。

eg：He often goes to school by bike. 他经常骑自行车去上学。

❺对这些频度副词提问时，用how often
eg：How often do you write to your elder brother? 你多久给你哥哥写一封信？
【考题练习】
❶选择题
( )35．I ______ ride a bike to school. But this morning, I walked to school.
A. never
B. hardly
C. seldom
D. usually
( )36．—How often do you go skating?
—______ . I can't skate at all.
A. Always
B. Sometimes
C. Seldom
D. Never
( )37．—Laura, how often do your family take a trip?
—Hmm, ______ .
A. twice a month
B. since last week
C. for an hour
D. ten days ago
( )38．If my friends have any problems, my door is ______ open to them.
A. seldom
B. sometimes
C. always
D. never
( )39．Although he listened to the old man ______ , he could ______ understand his words.
A. patiently；hardly
B. patient；hard
C. patiently；hard
D. patient；hardly
( )40．—would you like a glass of cola?
—No, thanks. I ______ drink cola. I cant stand(忍受) its taste.
A. usually
B. never
C. often
D. always
( )41．—How often do you usually go to work by subway?
—______ . I always take a bus, because there is no subway in this city.
A. Sometimes
B. Often
C. Never
D. Seldom
( )42．“Left-behind”children(留守儿童) ______ see their parents, because their parents work in the cities, leaving them behind in the countryside to be cared for by their grandparents.
A. always
B. hardly ever
C. often
D. usually
( )43．—I heard you made a new family rule(规则) "Put away your phone while at home ".
—Yes. We were ______ busy checking our mobile phones before, but now we enjoy communicating(沟通) with our family.
A. always
B. never
C. seldom
D. sometimes
( )44．We'll have to say goodbye, my dear friends! But I will ______ forget the days we spent
together.
A. always
B. often
C. never
D. usually
❷选择适当的频度副词填空
45．Milk can help us sleep well, so I __________ (always/ never ) drink milk before going to bed. 46．Jeff __________ (often/hardly ever) plays chess. It's easy for him.
47．Grace sleeps well every night. She __________ (usually/never) stays up late.
48．I __________ (sometimes/usually) eat a healthy breakfast because my mom makes breakfast for me most of the time.
49．Mr. and Mrs. Clark are very busy, so they __________ (hardly ever/usually) play sports.
五、形容词和副词的比较级
❶比较级的变化规则
❷形容词和副词的比较级的使用
❶选择题
( )50.The box was ______ than I had expected. I was out of breath when I got home.
A. more heavier
B. much heavier
C. a little heavier
D. very heavier ( )51.—I think it's necessary to learn how to work in groups.
—I quite agree. Sometimes it's even ______ than grades.
A. less important
B. more important
C. the least important
D. the most important
( )52.He is a little ______ than you, but he is as ______ as you.
A. thin；stronger
B. thinner；stronger
C. thinner；strong
D. thin；strong
( )53. A journey by train is ______ than by coach(乘长途汽车).
A. more relaxing
B. relaxing
C. most relaxing
D. the most relaxing ( )54.The ______ kids learn to be independent, the ______ it is for their future.
A. early；good
B. early；better
C. earlier；better
D. earlier；good
( )55.—I think that Eric writes as ______ as Betty.
—So he does.
A. more careful
B. more carefully
C. most carefully
D. carefully
( )56.—Lisa, how is your cousin?
—He is ______ now. Thank you.
A. more healthier
B. much healthier
C. very healthier
D. healthiest
( )57.Can you do the work well with ______ time and ______ people?
A. less；few
B. few；little
C. less；fewer
D. fewer；less ( )58.—How hard you are working, Helen!
—We must! President Xi said that ______ we are, ______ we will be.
A. the more hard-working；the luckier
B. the hard-working；the lucky
C. more hard-working；luckier
D. the most hard-working；the luckiest ( )59.—I talked with my little uncle on the computer last night.
—The Internet makes the world______ .
A. small and small
B. smaller and smaller
C. small and smaller
D. smaller and small
❷写出下列句子同义句
60.Tom is the same age as Jack.
Tom is ______________________________ Jack.
61.I don't think English is as difficult as math.
I think math is ______________________________ English
62.This book is less interesting than that one.
That book is ______________________________than this one.
63.Mike is 13 years old. Bob is 10 years.
Mike is 13 years old. Bob is three year ___________________________ Mike 64.Tony runs more slowly than his best friend.
Tony's best friend _____________________ than him.
六、形容词和副词的最高级的用法
❶选择题
( )65.—When is the ______ time to visit Brazil?
—In August and September, I think. Not too cold,not too hot.
A. hottest
B. hotter
C. best
D. better
( )66.Mo Yan is one of ______ writers in the world.
A. famous
B. more famous
C. most famous
D. the most famous
( )67.He is very rich but that day he bought ______ bike to save money for the poor children.
A. an expensive
B. a more expensive
C. the more cheaper
D. the cheapest
( )68.I have been to quite a few restaurants, but I can say this one is ______ .
A. good
B. better
C. the better
D. the best
( )69.Among the four seas off the coast of China, East China Sea is the second ______ .
A. deep
B. deeper
C. deepest
D. the deepest
( )70.Tianjin is one of ______ cities in China.
A. big
B. biggest
C. the biggest
D. the bigger
( )71.—What's ______ time you're willing to wait for Waimai food?
—Ten minutes at most.
A. long
B. longer
C. the longer
D. the longest
( )72.Of all the subjects, chemistry seems to be ______ for me.
A. difficult
B. too difficult
C. more difficult
D. the most difficult ( )73.Mr. Liu is a really nice person——the ______ person I know.
A. nicer
B. nicest
C. happier
D. happiest
( )74.—Home is ______ place wherever you go.
—East or west, home is best.
A. warm
B. warmer
C. warmest
D. the warmest
( )75.Jeff is a top student in our class. The math question is as ______ as ABC to him.
A. harder
B. hard
C. easier
D. easy
❷用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
76.Wang Hong is the __________________ (hardworking) girl in our class.
77.The Yellow River is the second __________________ (long) river in China.
78.Which is the __________________ (heavy), the horse, the sheep or the elephant?
79.Dave does his homework _______________ (carefully) in our class. He always gets good grades.
80.Of all the hotels in our city, this is the __________________ (comfortable) one. Many people
choose to stay in it.
81.Grace speaks English __________________ (badly) of these students.
82.Cindy is my __________________ (good) friend in China.
83.Tom made the __________________ (little) money in his family this year.
七、动词不定式作宾语的用法
动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成的，否定形式为“not to+动词原形”构成的，这里的to没有词义，只是为了构成不定式的一种符号，是非谓语动词形式的一种，动词不定式具有名词、形容词、副词词性，所以动词不定式除了不能作谓语以外，其他成分都可以作，因此，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补足语。

本单元我们主要学习动词不定式作宾语的用法：
1、动词不定式作主语
这种情况一般要改成it作形式主语的形式，后接不定式，为了避免头重脚轻。

❶ “It is+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.”意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”，此句中的形容词多为描述性的词语，不对人或物的品格进行评价。

如difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous，impossible等。

eg：To learn English is very important for me 对我来说学英语很重要。

=It is very important for me to learn English.
❷ “It is+形容词+of sb.+to do sth.”意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”。

此句中的形容词用于描述人的性格、品质。

如：kind，good，nice，right，wrong，clever，careless，polite，foolish等。

eg：It was stupid of him to press the emergency button. 他按了紧急按钮，这真愚蠢。

2、动词不定式作宾语
❶ “谓语动词＋动词不定式”，此类动词很多，这些动词通常用来表明意图、强调态度、展示能力。

常见的有：want，like，wish，hate，prefer，hope，continue，manage，try，ask，offer（主动提出），start，forget，promise，mean，pretend（假装），intend（打算），begin，attempt（试图），decide，learn，desire（渴望），agree，care，choose，determine（查明），undertake（承担，承诺），expect等
eg：Some students hate to study English. 有些学生不喜欢研读英语。

She wants to help Mary. 她想要帮助玛丽。

❷ 另外tell，advise，show，teach，find out，decide，discuss，learn，forget，know，explain等动词（短语），常跟“疑问词+不定式”作宾语。

eg：Please teach me how to play the piano. 请教我怎么弹钢琴。

=Please teach me how I play the piano.
No one could tell me where to get the book. 没有人能告诉我去哪里得到这本书。

❸ find，think，feel等动词可用于“动词+it+adj./n.+to do sth.”句型，其中it作形式宾语，动词不定式为真正的宾语。

eg：I think it necessary for us to have a good rest after the boring work.
我认为对我们来说，在烦闷的工作之后好好休息是有必要的。

She felt it her duty to help the old man. 她觉得帮助这个老人是她的责任。

【考题练习】
❶选择题
( )84.Harry has decided ______ an online shop after graduation from school.
A. open
B. to open
C. opened
D. opening
( )85.I can't tell you what she said. I've promised ______ it a secret.
A. keep
B. kept
C. keeping
D. to keep
( )86.I wanted to see the Beijing Opera,so Lingling offered ______ me to watch an opera.
A. took
B. takes
C. to take
D. taking
( )87.At times, parents find it difficult ______ with their teenage children.
A. talk
B. talked
C. talking
D. to talk
( )88.—What would you like to do to relax yourself?
—I prefer ______ basketball rather than ______ magazines.
A. playing；reading
B. to play；to read
C. play；read
D. to play；read
( )89.It was raining. My father asked me ______ a raincoat.
A. to take
B. take
C. takes
D. took
( )90.—Sam, don't forget ______ the book to the library tomorrow.
—OK, I won't.
A. return
B. returning
C. returned
D. to return
( )91.—Would you like to go swimming with me, Tom?
—Sorry, but our teachers always tell us ______ in the river.
A. don't swim
B. not swimming
C. not to swim
D. to not swim
( )92.—Excuse me. Do you know ______ ?
—Sorry, I don't know, either.
A. how to check out a book
B. when will the concert begin
C. that there is a bank near here
D. how long the meeting would last
( )93.—I didn't hear you come in just now.
—That's good. I tried ______ the baby up.
A. to wake
B. not to wake
C. waking
D. woke
( )94.Please stop ______ and go out for a walk. Remember ______warm clothes.
A. to study；wearing
B. studying；to wear
C. to study；to wear
D. studying；wearing
( )95.When I saw my father ______ for me on a cold winter night, I couldn't keep back my tears.
A. wait
B. waited
C. to wait
D. waiting
❷用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

96.My friends and I plan _________________ (go) camping next week.
97.After thinking it over, he decided _________________ (try) again.
98.I find it hard _________________ (learn) English.
99.My parents told me not _________________ (play) soccer in the street.
100.P lease stop _____________ (study) and go out for a walk. Remember ____________(wear) warm clothes.
八、反意疑问句的用法
❶ 反意疑问句由“陈述句+简短语句”构成，这两部分要用逗号隔开，并且时态要一致，遵循“前肯后否”或“前否后肯”的结构原则，它用于征询意见或者希望陈述句所说的内容得到证实：反意疑问句的回答应符合事实，事实是肯定的用yes；事实是否定的用no。

肯定的陈述句+否定的简短问句
eg：—Jim likes listening to music, doesn’t he? 吉姆喜欢听音乐，是吧？
肯否
—Yes, he does. 是的，他是。

❶ 当反意疑问句的构成形式为“前否后肯”时，回答yes或no与汉语习惯正好相反。

这种省略回答yes要译成“不；不是”；no要译成“是；是的”。

① 否定的陈述句+肯定的简短问句
eg：—Li Lei didn’t go to school yesterday, did he? 李磊昨天没有去上学，是吧？
否肯
—Yes, he did. 不，他去了。

① 当陈述部分含有否定意义的词时，则视作否定句，后面应用肯定形式。

初中常见的“五大
否定词”有：few, little, seldom, hardly, never。

其它否走词还有：not, no, no one, nobody, nothing, none, neither。

eg：There are few apples in the basket, are there? 篮子里几乎没有苹果，是吗？
They seldom come late, do they? 他们很少迟到，是吗？
① 当陈述部分所含的否定词是通过加前缀或后缀构成的，则不属于否定词，其后的反意疑问句依然用否定结构。

eg：It is unfair, isn’t it? 这不公平，不是吗？
He looks unhappy, doesn’t he? 他看上去不高兴，不是吗？
① 祈使句的反意疑问句部分一律用will you，但let’s的反意疑问句部分用shall we。

eg：Help me to do it, will you？帮我做这件事，好吗？
Don’t go there,will you？别去那里，好吗？
Let’s clean the classroom, shall we？让我们打扫教室，好吗？
【考题练习】
101.—Lucy is good at swimming, _________ she?
—No, she isn’t.
102.—He isn’t a student, _________ he?
—No, he isn’t
103.He can hardly swim, _________ he?
104.He is never late for school, _________ he?
105.Be quiet, _________ _________？
106.Let’s go there, _________ _________？
参考答案
1.B
2.D
3.B
4.B
5.C
6.D
7.A
8.C
9.someone/somebody
10.anyone11.something12.something13.everyone/everybody
14.Mary didn't see her English teacher just now.
15.Did Jack buy anything special in the gift shop？
16.What did you do yesterday？17.Where did Tony go on vacation？
18.When did Danny visit the small town？19.Yes, I did / No, I didn't
20.C21.B22.A23.B24.B
25.C26.D27.B28.A29.A
30.C31.D32.C33.A34.D
35.D36.D37.A38.C39.A
40.B41.C42.B43.A44.C
ually49.hardly ever 50.B51.B52.C53.A54.C
55.D56.B57.C58.A59.B
60.as old as61.more difficult than62.more interesting63.younger than
64.runs faster65.C66.D67.D68.D
69.C70.C71.D72.D73.B
74.D75.D76.most hardworking77.longest78.heaviest 79.the most carefully80.most comfortable81.the worst82.best
83.least84.B85.D86.C87.D
88.D89.A90.D91.C92.A
93.B94.B95.D96.to go97.to try 98.to learn99.to play100.studying；to wear101.isn’t102.is
103.can104.is105.will you106.shall we。