2022版泌尿系结石诊断治疗指南

2022版泌尿系结石诊断治疗指南英文回答：
The 2022 edition of the Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines for Urinary Tract Stones provides updated recommendations for the diagnosis and management of urinary tract stones. As a healthcare professional, I find these guidelines to be extremely helpful in my practice. They provide evidence-based recommendations that assist me in making informed decisions regarding the diagnosis and treatment of patients with urinary tract stones.
One of the key aspects of the guidelines is the diagnostic approach to urinary tract stones. The guidelines recommend using imaging modalities such as non-contrast computed tomography (CT) scan as the initial diagnostic
tool for patients suspected of having urinary tract stones. This is because non-contrast CT scan has a high sensitivity and specificity for detecting urinary tract stones. In addition, it provides detailed information about the size,
location, and composition of the stones, which helps in planning the appropriate treatment.
Once the diagnosis is confirmed, the guidelines provide recommendations for the management of urinary tract stones. The treatment options depend on various factors such as the size and location of the stones, symptoms experienced by the patient, and the presence of any complications. For example, for small stones located in the lower urinary tract, conservative management with hydration and pain control may be sufficient. On the other hand, larger stones or stones causing severe symptoms may require intervention such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), ureteroscopy, or percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).
The guidelines also emphasize the importance of
lifestyle modifications and preventive measures to reduce the risk of recurrent urinary tract stones. These include increasing fluid intake, adopting a healthy diet low in
salt and animal protein, and avoiding certain medications that can increase the risk of stone formation. As a healthcare professional, I educate my patients about these
lifestyle modifications and provide them with the necessary resources to make informed decisions about their diet and medication use.
中文回答：
《2022版泌尿系结石诊断治疗指南》为泌尿系结石的诊断和治疗提供了更新的建议。

作为一名医疗专业人士，我发现这些指南对我的实践非常有帮助。

它们提供了基于证据的建议，帮助我在诊断和治疗泌尿系结石患者时做出明智的决策。

指南的一个关键方面是泌尿系结石的诊断方法。

指南建议使用非造影计算机断层扫描（CT）作为首选的诊断工具，用于怀疑患有泌尿系结石的患者。

这是因为非造影CT扫描对于检测泌尿系结石具有较高的敏感性和特异性。

此外，它提供了关于结石的大小、位置和成分的详细信息，有助于规划适当的治疗方案。

一旦确诊，指南提供了泌尿系结石的治疗建议。

治疗选择取决于多种因素，如结石的大小和位置，患者的症状以及是否存在任何并发症。

例如，对于位于下泌尿道的小型结石，保守治疗，如保持水分摄入和控制疼痛，可能就足够了。

另一方面，较大的结石或引起严重症状的结石可能需要进行体外冲击波碎石术（ESWL）、输尿
管镜检查或经皮肾镜取石术（PCNL）等干预措施。

指南还强调了改变生活方式和预防措施以减少泌尿系结石复发风险的重要性。

这些措施包括增加水分摄入量，采用低盐、低动物蛋白的健康饮食，以及避免某些可能增加结石形成风险的药物。

作为一名医疗专业人士，我会教育患者关于这些生活方式的改变，并为他们提供必要的资源，以便他们在饮食和药物使用方面做出明智的决策。