江苏专用届高三英语一轮复习精品学案Module3Unit3Backtothepast

江苏专用届高三英语一轮复习精品学案Module3Unit3Backtothepast
Unit 3Back to the past
重点单词
【1】辨析remain, stay
(1) remain与stay表示“留下，继续保持某一状态”时，常作连系动词，可以互换，其后接名词、形容词、介词短语等作表语。

He stayed/remained outside while we entered the room. 他留在外面，我们进了屋子。

(2) 当表示“剩下”(即其余的一切都被拿走、除去、破坏等)，通常只用remain而不用stay。

What remains of the original art collection is now in the city museum.
原来的艺术收藏品剩下来的现在都在市博物馆里。

(3) 当表示“在某处或在某处住下”时，常用stay而不用remain。

He wants to stay with a friend in the country for a week. 他想和一个朋友在乡下待一个星期。

remaining adj. 剩下的
Ladies and gentlemen, please remain ______ until the plane has come to a complete stop.
A. seated
B. seating
C. to seat
D. seat
A句意：女士们，先生们，请在飞机完全停下来之后再离开座位。

考查非谓语动词作表语。

remain“仍然是，保持不变”，是连系动词，后接不定式表示将要发生的动作；seat是及物动词，“使某人就座”为seat oneself，故用过去分词作表语。

【2】protect vt. 保护，from后接能带来伤害或损害之物。

其常用句型为：protect…from/against…
He wore a pair of sunglasses to protect his eyes from/against strong light.
他戴上太阳镜以保护他的眼睛不受强光影响。

protection n. 保护
Remember to bring clothes that provide adequate protection against the wind and rain.
记住要带上足以防风雨的衣服。

①Each company is fighting ______________________________.
每家公司都在奋力保护自己的商业利益。

②Troops have been sent to ____________________________.
已经派出部队保护救援人员免遭袭击。

①to protect its own commercial interests
②protect aid workers against attack
【3】influence v．&n. 影响，感化
Don't let me influence your decision.
不要让我影响你的决定。

Listening to the music has a calming influence on her.
听音乐对她起了一种镇静的作用。

The team consists of four Europeans and two Americans.
这支队伍由4名欧洲人和2名美国人组成。

For her, happiness consists in watching television and reading magazines.
对她而言，幸福在于看看电视和读读杂志。

Theory should consist with practice.
理论应当与实践相一致。

have a good/bad…influence on/upon/over 对……有好的/坏的……影响
under the influence of 受……的影响
influence sb. (to do sth.) 支配/左右某人做某事
表示“对……有影响”还可以用：
affect…；have…effect on/upon…
但要注意，强调“因果关系”时，用cause and effect。

①What exactly is __________________________？
电视对儿童究竟有什么影响？
②Those friends ________________________________________________ ________________________.
那些朋友对她有负面的影响。

③His writings __________________________.
他的作品影响了千百万人的一生。

①the influence of television on children
②have a bad influence on her
③have influenced the lives of millions
【1】be in use (机器、场所等)在使用中
Seriously damaged, the bridge is no longer in use.
因受到严重损坏，这座桥不再使用了。

The new version of this dictionary is not in use yet.
这本字典的新版本还未通行。

come into use 开始存在；开始被使用
be no use (to sb.)/be of no use无用
put sth. to good use 有效使用/利用
make use of 利用……
be out of use 不再使用，废弃不用
in turn 轮流地，反过来
in vain 徒劳无功地
in addition 除此之外
in return 作为回报
The library of our school, which contains books of all kinds from home and abroad, ______ for almost 100 years.
A. is in use
B. has been in use
C. in for use
D. has been for use
B表示“在使用中”用be in use, 根据句中的时间状语for almost 100 years, 可知需要用现在完成时态。

【2】take over 接管，接替，接任
Mr. Collins will take over my duties for a week after I leave.
在我离开后柯林斯先生将接替我的工作一个星期。

take a chance 碰运气
take a seat 坐下
take account of 考虑，重视
take apart 拆开
take…as…把……当作
take…by surprise 出其不意
take care 当心，注意
take charge of 负责，掌管
take down 记下
take effect 见效
take…for example 以……为例
take hold of 抓住
be taken in 被欺骗
take interest in 对……感兴趣
take notice of 注意
take a day off 休假一天
take one's time 从容行事
take out 取出；擦掉
take over 接管
take part in 参加
take pride in 以……为自豪
take the lead 带头
take the place of 代替
take place 发生
take turns 轮流
take after 相似
take down 拆掉；拆除；写下；记录
take off 脱去(衣服)；起飞；(理念，产品等)成功take on 承担(工作、责任等)；呈现；雇佣，聘用take up 开始从事(某工作)；占(时间、场所等) take in 吸收；理解；领会；欺骗
take back 收回；退回(事物)
take away 使消失；取走
take for 误认为，以为
take…for granted ……习以为常
①Einstein liked Bose's paper so much that he ______ his own work and translated it into German.
A. gave off
B. turned down
C. took over
D. set aside
用介词或副词填空
②Now I'll give you some tablets to take ________ the pain.
③The policeman took ________ all particulars of the accident.
④Take your coat ________ and sit down.
⑤Now his hair has taken ________ a healthy shine.
⑥So many young men want to take ________ writing. ①D句意：Einstein非常喜欢Bose的论文，便把自己的工作置于一旁，把论文翻译成德语。

考查动词短语辨析。

A发出；B拒绝，调低；C接管；D不顾，把……置于一旁。

根据句意选D。

②away③down④off⑤on⑥up
【3】turn to 变成(＝turn into)；转向；翻到；求助于Their amusement turned to horror when they realized
what had happened.
当他们意识到发生了什么事情时，他们的愉悦变成了恐慌。

The girl always turns to her mother when in trouble.
这个女孩遇到困境时，总是向她妈妈求助。

turn up 出现，调大
turn down 关小，拒绝
turn away 拒绝，避开，走开，转身
turn in 上交，退还，向内拐
turn out 结果是，制造，向外，驱逐
turn over 翻转，仔细考虑，移交
turn against 背叛，违反，翻脸
turn back 往回走，翻起，折转
turn around/round 转身
turn a blind eye to 对……熟视无睹
turn a deaf ear to 置若罔闻
turning point 转折点，转向处
—What are you reading, Tom?
—I'm not really reading, just ______ the pages.
A. turning off
B. turning around
C. turning over
D. turning up
C句意：——汤姆，你在读什么？——我没在真正地
读，只是在随便翻翻。

考查动词短语辨析。

A关掉；B 转变，转身；C翻转，翻身，翻阅；D出现，开大音量。

根据句意选C。

【4】be off to 前往
They were off to Italy (＝leaving for Italy) and wanted to make an early start.
他们将前往意大利，并且想要早点出发。

go off 走开；开火，爆炸，熄灭，中断
set off 出发，动身，引起，使发生
get off 离开，发出，(使)入睡，匆匆脱下
call off 把……叫走，取消，转移
give off 发出(光、气体等)，放出
show off 炫耀
break off 中断，停止，断交，脱离
①Suddenly the light ____________.
突然灯熄灭了。

②We ____________ London just after ten.
刚过10点，我们就动身去伦敦了。

③They ________________ their engagement.
他们已经解除婚约。

①went off
②set off
③have called off
【5】run through 跑着穿过……；(使)在……流过；反复练习，复习；匆匆阅读，贯穿于……之中；挥霍Run through your notes before class.
上课前把笔记复习一下。

This theme runs through the whole book.
该主题贯穿全书。

The heir has soon run through his fortune.
那个继承人很快就把财产挥霍完了。

get through 完成，到达，接通电话，结束，及格
go through 检查，审查，搜查，完成，遭受，经受，经历，穿过，通过
see through 看破，看穿
look through 浏览，快速查看
live through 度过，经历过
The girl is working very hard, expecting to ______ the test.
A. get through
B. see through
C. look through
D. run through
A句意：这女孩正在努力学习，希望通过考试。

A通过，及格；B看穿；C浏览；D流过，贯穿。

根据句意选A
【6】prevent sb. from doing sth.
(＝stop/keep sb. from doing sth. )防止/阻止某人做……在主动语态中，prevent/stop sb. from doing 中的from 可以省略，但是在被动语态中不可以省。

keep sb. from doing sth. 中的from主动、被动语态中都不能省，因为keep sb. doing 意为“使某人不停地做某事”。

The heavy rain prevented/stopped her (from) going out. ＝The heavy rain kept her from going out.
→She was prevented from going out by the heavy rain. 大雨阻止了她出去。

As citizens, we should do what we can to prevent our river ______.
A. from polluted
B. from polluting
C. polluting
D. being polluted
D句意：作为市民，我们应该尽力防止我们的河流被污染。

A中from后要加being才对。

“河流被污染”表被动，故选D。

【1】By 27 BC, Rome had become an empire, which controlled many parts of Europe.
到公元前27年，罗马已经成为帝国，控制了欧洲的许多地区。

句子中有by ＋过去时间的时间状语或by the time ＋
过去时的时间状语从句，谓语动词使用过去完成时。

By the time he was fourteen, Einstein had learned advanced mathematics all by himself.
到爱因斯坦14岁时，他已经自学了高等数学。

When I talked with my grandma on the phone, she sounded weak, but by the time we ______ up, her voice had been full of life.
A. were hanging
B. had hung
C. hung
D. would hang
C句意：当我与奶奶在电话中交谈时，她的声音听起来很虚弱，但到我们挂断电话时，她的声音已经充满了活力。

考查动词时态。

据题干her voice had been full of life为过去的过去，因此我们挂断电话为过去的动作。

by the time ＋一般过去时的从句，主句用过去完成时，表示“到……时候为止，已经……”。