中考初中八大时态讲解和练习

中考初中八大时态讲解和练习
知识点一、八大时态的构成及识记
§一般现在时
概念：
1. 表示经常性、习惯性的动作；
2. 表示现时的情况或状态；
3. 表示客观事实和普遍真理。

时间状语：always, often, usually, sometimes, once a week, every day等。

如果主句为一般将来时，由if, unless等引导的条件状语从句和when, until, as soon as等引导的时间状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来。

§一般过去时
概念：表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态切动作已结束。

时间状语：... ago, last week, yesterday, just now, in 1988等。

§一般将来时
概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态以及打算、计划或准备要做的事。

时间状语：tomorrow, next month, in two days, soon等。

there be结构的一般将来时为there will be / there is going to be。

§过去将来时
概念：表示在过去将来的某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。

时间状语：the next day (morning, year...), the following month (week ...) 等。

此时态。

§现在进行时
概念：表示现在或现阶段正在发生的动作。

时间状语及提示语：now, these days, at this moment, Listen! Look! 等。

§过去进行时
概念：表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段内正在进行的动作。

时间状语：at that time, this time yesterday, at six yesterday, when + 从句（动词为过去式）等。

§现在完成时
概念：
1. 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果；
2. 表示从过去某时开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态。

构成形式：have / has + 动词的过去分词时间状语及提示词：“for + 段时间”，“since + 点时间/ 从句”，already, yet, never, ever, just, before, once, so far, ever since等。

for 与since的转换；already常用在肯定句中，yet常用在否定句和疑问句中；短暂性动词不能与表示段时间的状语连用。

§过去完成时
概念：表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。

它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。

时间状语：by the time / when / before + 从句（动词为过去式）, by the end of last year (week, month ...) 等。

随堂练习
（一）用所给词的适当形式填空
1. He______ swimming in the river every day in summer. (go)
2. It________ you are right. ( seem )
3. Look, the children______ basketball on the playground. ( play )
4.He______to the radio when I came in, ( listen )
5. It is very cold .I think it______ ( rain )
6. —I need some paper. —I______ some for you . ( bring )
7. I can’t find my pen. Who______ it? ( take )
8. He said that he______ back in five minutes . ( come )
9.I didn’t meet him. He______ when I got there. ( leave )
10.I______my bike, so I have to walk to school. ( lose )
11.He______down and began to read his newspaper. ( sit )
12.He is very hungry. He_________ anything for three days. ( not eat )
13.I______with you if I have time . ( go )
14.We will go to the cinema if it______fine . (be )
15.I will tell her the news when she______to see me next week. (come)
16. “ When______you______the car ?” “ In 1998 . ”( buy )
17.We______good friends since we met at school . （be）
18.What______you______ at five yesterday afternoon ? (do)
19.The bike is nice . How much______it______? (cost)
（二）单项选择
() 1. We're proud that China ________ stronger and stronger now.
A．will become B．became C．is becoming D．was becoming () 2. I ________ the shops. Can I get you anything?
A．go to B．went to C．have gone to D．am going to
() 3. Henry will give us a report as soon as he ______.
A．will arrive B．was arriving C．arrives D．arrived
() 4. Rick ________ a lot about Chinese culture since he came to China.
A．learns B．learned C．has learned D．are learning
() 5. Keep practicing and you ________ your English.
A．improve B．will improve C．improved D．were improved
() 6. —Do you know our town at all? —No，this is the first time I ________ here.
A．was B．have been C．came D．am coming
()7. The teacher told us that light ________ faster than sound.
A．traveled B．travels C．is traveling D．will travel
( )8.(2016连云港中考)—Did Billy and Anna find a way out at last? —Yes，they ________ a plan and did it.
A．were working out B．worked out C．are working out D．have worked out
( )9.(2016河北中考)Just go down this road and you ________ the library next to the bank.
A．see B．Saw C．have seen D．will see
( )10.(2016哈尔滨中考)—Could you tell me where you found Miss Gao just now?
—Certainly. In the principal's office. They ________ happily at that time.
A．are talking B．have talked C．were talking
( )11.(2016上海中考)This medicine ______ millions of people's lives since it was put into use.
A．is saving B．will save C．has saved D．had saved
( )12.(2016天津中考)—What a nice watch！How long ________ you ________ it? —For just two weeks.
A．will；buy B．have；had C．were；having D．did；buy ( )13.(2016重庆中考) I ________ the History Museum twice. I've learned a lot there.
A．visit B．am visiting C．have visited D．will visit ( )14.(2016河北中考)Our team ________ another point！I am sure we'll win the game.
A．will get B．has got C．is getting D．was getting
( )15.(2016济南中考)—I think our teacher，Mrs.Allen，knows everything.
—I agree. Because she ________ over 2 000 books.
A.read B．has read C．reads D．is reading
( )16. His brother is a teacher. He________ math at a school.
A．taught B．has taught C．teaches
( )17.I hope Tim can come to my birthday party.Then we________a much happier time.
A．have B．had C．will have
( )18.I don't have time to discuss the plan.I ______to an interview.
A．go B．went C．am going
( )19.—Hello，mom. Are you still on Lushan Mountain?
—Oh，no.We are back home.We________a really good journey.
A．have B．had C．are having
( )20.I don't remember when and where I________this umbrella.
A．buy B．have bought C．bought
( )21.—Have you had your breakfast yet? —Yes.Mom________it for me.
A．was cooking B．is cooking C．cooked
( )22.—Why does Tony look unhappy? —Because he________the chance to take part in the English contest.
A．misses B．was missing C．missed
( )23.Can you answer the door，Jim？I________the dishes.
A．do B．did C．am doing
( )24.—I saw Mr.Smith in the office at ten yesterday morning.
—That's impossible.He________an English party with us then.
A．has B．had C．was having
( )25.The students________the Art Festival when I passed by their school.
A．celebrate B．were celebrating C．will celebrate
( )26.Jenny________in the kitchen when you called her at 5 o'clock this afternoon.
A．is cooking B．was cooking C．cooks
( )27.Sanya is a beautiful city. I________there twice.
A．have gone B．have been C．have gone to
（三）请根据句意及所给动词，用其正确时态填空
1. _____________ it _____________(cost) much to live here?
2. The teacher looked at the clean classroom and said we _________ (do) a good job.
3. The Smiths___________ (change) greatly in the last two years.
4. He heard her singing loudly in the next room, so he __________ (read) in a louder voice.
5. We __________ (learn) about ten English songs by the end of last term.
6. Father said that he ____________ (buy) a new bike for me the next Friday.
7. Bill isn’t here. He _____________ (chat) with his friends in the classroom.
8. The teacher said that the moon _______________ (go) round Earth.
9. Listen! They_____________(talk) about the new film.
10. His sister ______________ (marry) a doctor on May 1st, 2008.
11. The reporter ___________ (interview) the little boy just now.
12. The Greens ____________ (watch) TV now.
13. We ______________ (study) English for about three year s.
14. My brother__________ (join) t he army in 1997.
15. The farmers_____________ (pick) apples when I saw them.
16. The film___________ (begin) when I got to the cinema.
17. My sister is a student and she__________ (study) at a middle school nearby.
18. Mr Green _______________ (travel) to several places in South China since he came here.
19. You ______________ (catch) the early bus if you get up early.
20. I ____________ (stay) there for two months last year.
一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷
1．阅读理解
Along with wheat, rice is one of the most important food crops in the world. It is a nutritious, healthy food.
Each year, farmers grow millions of tons of rice.
Top Five Rice﹣producing Countries
（1）What food crop is the reading material mainly about？
A. Wheat.
B. Rice.
C. Corn.
D. Potato.
（2）In which country is the most rice grown？
A. China.
B. Bangladesh.
C. India.
D. Vietnam.
（3）From the map we know that the five countries are all in .
A. Europe.
B. Africa.
C. America.
D. Asia.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）D
【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇阅读材料主要介绍了世界水稻种植的国家和产量。

（1）细节理解题。

根据rice is one of the most important food crops in the world. 水稻是世界上最重要的粮食作物。

故选B。

（2）看图识图题。

根据柱形图可知中国的水稻产量最高超过200000000，其次是印度，再次印度尼西亚。

故选A。

（3）看图识图题。

根据柱形图可知世界五大水稻生产国是：中国，印度，印度尼西亚，孟加拉和越南。

它们都是亚洲国家。

故选D。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。

先观察图片，理解图片信息。

然后分析问题，带着问题仔细观察图片信息，找出问题正确答案。

2．根据短文理解，选择正确答案。

A
Some people think only school children do not agree with their parents, however, it is not true. Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If it's hard for you to communicate with your parents, don't worry about it. Here are some suggestions for you to bridge generation gap(代沟).
Don't argue with your parents. Don't get to your parents when you are angry. Your parents probably won't consider your ideas if you are shouting at them You can't express(表达) yourself well if you are angry. Go to some place to cool off. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy. Then think about what you want to say to your parents. If you don't think you can speak to them at the moment, try writing a letter.
Try to reach a compromise (和解). Perhaps you and your parents disagree(有分歧) on something. You can keep your disagreement and try your best to accept each other. Michael's mother didn't agree with him about buying a car. They argued over it, but finally they came to a compromise. Michael bought the car, but only drove it on certain days.
Of course your parents might refuse to compromise on something. In these situations, it is especially important to show love and respect (尊敬）to them. Showing respect will keep your relationship strong.
Talk about your values. The values of your parents are probably different from those of your own. Tell your parents what you care about, and why. Understanding your values might help them see your purposes in life.
A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person. It is worth having a try.
（1）From the passage we know_______ have a communication problem.
A. parents and children of all ages
B. children and other people
C. parents and their school children
D. teachers and their students
（2）How many pieces of advice does the writer give us to bridge the generation gap?
A. 5
B. 4
C. 3
D. 2
（3）The underlined phrase "cool off" in the passage means_______.
A. make yourself happy
B. make yourself quiet and relaxed
C. become angry
D. go away
（4）If the values of your parents are different from those of yours, you'd better_______.
A. argue with them
B. keep away from them
C. agree with them all the time
D. tell your parents what you care about
（5）The best title for the passage is_______.
A. How to Bridge the Generation Gap
B. How to Deal with Family Problems
C. How to Be Good Parents
D. How to Be a Good Child
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）B
（4）D
（5）A
【解析】【分析】父子之间有代沟，主要原因就是缺少沟通，当我们彼此了解了对方的观点和想法以后，就能很容易的理解对方，从而消除代沟。

（1）细节理解，根据文中语句“Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages.”理解可知。

父母和孩子之间的沟通问题在任何年龄段都存在，故选A。

（2）理解归纳，通读文中语句理解可知，作者给我们提了三条建议，故选C。

（3）词义理解，根据You can't express(表达) yourself well if you are angry. Go to some place to cool off. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy.可知生气的时候不能表达你自己，找个地方冷静冷静，让自己明白为什么不开心。

所以cool off意思是“冷静下来”故选B。

（4）细节理解，根据文中语句“The values of your parents are probably different from those of your own. Tell your parents what you care about, and why.”理解可知。

让父母了解你的价值观，可以帮助父母更加的了解你，故选D。

（5）主旨大意，通读全文中的语句理解可知，本文主要介绍怎样消除代沟的建议，第一段最后一句Here are some suggestions for you to bridge generation gap(代沟).是本文的中心句，故选A。

【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。

3．阅读理解
Humans have learnt many things from nature. These things have helped us in our daily life. The latest thing is self-repairing clothing.
Scientists have developed a special way for clothing to repair rips and tears by itself, without the need for sewing. It works with materials such as cotton, linen and wool. The scientists are from the Naval Research Office and Pennsylvania State University in the USA. Scientists Dr Walter Dressick and Dr Melik Demirel looked at how a squid can cling on to things so well. The research team found a protein in the rings of teeth that cover the suckers on a squid. The protein is similar to the one found in the silk that spiders use to make spider webs. It is very strong and elastic.
The new protein has been developed as part of a coating, which is put on clothes. When the coating is dipped in water, the area around the rip or tear joins together in less than a minute. This could help clothes last longer and save money for us. It could also be useful for military and survival clothes. People like soldiers and mountaineers would be safer if they had clothes that could be repaired quickly and easily. Professor Demirel spoke about the invention. He said," The coatings are thin, less than a micron, so they wouldn't be noticed in everyday wear." Then he added, "Even thin, they increase the overall strength of the material. For the first time, we are making self-healing textiles."
（1）From what have humans learnt a lot？
A. Books.
B. Nature.
C. Scientists.
D. Clothing.
（2）What is NOT needed for the self-repairing clothes to fix themselves？
A. Tears.
B. Cotton.
C. Sewing.
D. Glue.
（3）What's the Chinese meaning of the underlined words "is similar to"？
A. 与……相同
B. 与……不同
C. 与……相似
D. 与……一样（4）The passage is about .
A. the new protein
B. the coating
C. humans
D. the spider
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）C
（4）A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了最新的发明——自我修复衣服。

（1）细节题。

根据Humans have learnt many things from nature.人类已经从大自然里学了许多东西，故选B。

（2）细节题。

根据Scientists have developed a special way for clothing to repair rips and tears
by itself, without the need for sewing.可知是不需要缝，故选C。

（3）细节题。

根据句子可知这种蛋白质与蜘蛛用来制作蜘蛛网的丝中的蛋白质相似。

be similar to，和……相似，故选C。

（4）细节题。

根据The new protein has been developed as part of a coating，可知主要讲了新型蛋白质，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

4．阅读理解
My family has had a great influence on me. When I was a kid, I learnt how to work from my family. My mum would never let me get away when there was something to be done. I learnt the importance of education. My parents would give me 50 dollars if I got As in school. They taught me how to use and save money. My mum taught me how to cook, how to clean, and basically everything I needed to know to live on my own. My dad taught me how to garden, how to do home improvement, how to treat women and girls with respect, and how to put other people's needs above my own. My brothers and sisters taught me how to make a decision in conflict(矛盾). I'm 22now, and I'll get married next year. I learn things from my parents' marriage by examples. For example, I've never seen my parents really fight. They had disagreements, but they were always in control and never let anger get the best of them. I think that's great, and I'm going to work towards that in my marriage.
I have a great family. I'm grateful that my parents chose to make it a great family.
（1）Who taught the writer to do some housework?
A. The mother.
B. The father.
C. The sisters.
D. The brothers.（2）When will the writer have a new family?
A. At the age of 22.
B. At the age of 24.
C. At the age of 23.
D. At the age of 21.（3）Which of the following is NOT true?
A. The writer's family influence the writer a lot.
B. The writer learns to save money.
C. The writer is a girl in the family.
D. The writer's parents never fight with each other.
（4）How will the writer's new family be according to the passage?
A. It will be a large family.
B. It will be a great family.
C. The family members will be different.
D. The family members will never get angry.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了作者的家庭对作者有很大的影响。

（1）推理题。

根据My mum taught me how to cook, how to clean, and basically everything I needed to know to live on my own.我妈妈教我如何做饭，如何打扫卫生，以及基本上我需要知道的独立生活所需的一切可知，作者的妈妈教他做家务，故选A。

（2）推理题。

根据I'm 22now, and I'll get married next year可知，作者23岁时会有一个新家庭，故选C。

（3）推理题。

根据My dad taught me how to garden, how to do home improvement, how to treat women and girls with respect,我爸爸教我如何园艺，如何改善家庭，如何尊重妇女和女孩可知作者是男孩，作者是家里的一个女孩是错的，故选C。

（4）细节题。

根据I have a great family. I'm grateful that my parents chose to make it a great family.我有一个大家庭。

我很感激我的父母选择让它成为一个伟大的家庭可知，作者的新家庭会是一个伟大的家庭故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

5．阅读理解
For more than six million American children, coming home after school means coming to an empty house. Some deal with the situation by watching TV. Some may hide. But all of them have something in common. They spend part of each day alone. They are called "latchkey children". They're children who look after themselves while their parents are working. And their bad condition has become a subject of concern.
Lynette Long was once the headmistress of an elementary school. She said, "We had a school rule against wearing jewellery. A lot of kids had chains around their necks with keys fastened. I was constantly telling them to put them inside their shirts. There were so many keys. It never came to my mind what they meant," Slowly, she learned they were house keys.
She and her husband began talking to the children who had them. They learned of the impact(影响) working couples and single parents were having on their children. Fear is the biggest problem faced by children at home alone. One in each three latchkey children the Longs talked to reported being scared. Many had nightmares and were worried about their own safety. The most common way latchkey children deal with their fears is by hiding. It might be in a shower stall, under a bed, or in a closet. The second is TV. They'll often play it at high volume. It's hard to get statistics(统计数据) on latchkey children, the Longs learned. Most parents are slow to
admit they leave their children alone.
（1）The main idea about latchkey children is that they _________________.
A. are growing in numbers
B. suffer problems from being left alone
C. watch too much TV during the day
D. are also found in middle class neighbourhoods
（2）Which sentence in the second paragraph is the topic sentence?
A. We had a school rule against wearing jewellery.
B. A lot of kids had chains around their necks with keys fastened.
C. Slowly, she learned they were house keys.
D. I was constantly telling them to put them inside their shirts.
（3）he main feeling these children have when they are at home by themselves is _________________.
A. tiredness
B. freedom
C. loneliness
D. fear
（4）The Longs' study was mainly on _________________.
A. lonely children who have single parents
B. children whose parents are working or who have one parent only
C. children who have the problem of fear
D. parents who are working far from their homes
（5）We may draw a conclusion(结论) that _________________.
A. it's difficult to find out how many latchkey children there are
B. latchkey children try to hide their feelings
C. latchkey children often watch TV with their parents
D. latchkey children enjoy having such a large amount of time alone
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）D
（4）B
（5）A
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了美国一些“钥匙儿童”的生活情况这一社会问题。

（1）推理题。

根据their bad condition has become a subject of concern 他们的糟糕状况已经成为人们关注的话题可知，关于钥匙儿童的主要观点是他们独自一人会有问题，故选B。

（2）主旨题。

根据 Slowly, she learned they were house keys 可知，慢慢地，她了解到它们是房子的钥匙是第二段的主题句子，故选C。

（3）细节题。

根据 Fear is the biggest problem faced by children at home alone 可知，这些孩子独自在家时的主要感觉是害怕，故选D。

（4）细节题。

根据They learned of the impact(影响) working couples and single parents were having on their children 可知，主要研究父母在工作或只有一个父母的孩子，故选B。

（5）推理题。

根据It's hard to get statistics(统计数据) on latchkey children 可知，结论是很难查出有多少挂钥匙的孩子，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题，主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。