2014届初中毕业学业考试英语考纲词汇详解[1]范文

2014届初中毕业学业考试英语考纲词汇详解
A
1. a (an) (art) 一（个，件…）
There is an eraser in the box.
A knife and fork一副刀叉
【经典试题】
A spaceship flies at about eleven kilometers _______ second.
A. /
B. the
C. a
D. an
How beautifully she sings! I have never heard _______ voice.
A. the best
B. a best
C. the better
D.a better
2. ability (n) 能力; 才能;
She has no ability in that kind of work.
（ability后可接介词in或for引导的短语表示“有某方面的能力”，也可接动词不定式做定语，但不接“of +
v-ing”）
3. able (a.)有能力的，能够
I am afraid I won’t be able to visit you on Saturday. 恐怕我无法在星期六来拜访您了。

* unable (a.) 不能的，不能胜任的
4. about （prep, ad.）关于，在各处；大约，到处
5. above (prep) 在...上面在...之上,
Water came above our knees.水淹过我们的膝盖
We cannot accept children above the age of 10.我们不能接受10岁以上的儿童。

【词语辨析】
Above与最低限度和固定点相连，如：
2000 feet above sea level海拔2000英尺。

T emperatures will not rise above zero tonight.
而over与数目，数量，年龄，金钱和时间相连，如：He’s over 50。

他已年过半百。

It cost over $100.这个值100美元。

We waited over 2 hours.
6. abroad (a. ad.)在国外;到国外
My son is still living abroad.
He was famous both at home and abroad. (abroad前不可用in或to，但可用from表示“从国外”)
7. absent (a.)缺席的,不在场的T o be absent from work / school / a meeting
缺勤，缺课，未出席会议。

according to按照，根据
8. accent (n)口音,腔调[
Judging by her accent, she must be a Southerner. 从她的口音判断,她准是南方人。

9. accept (v)接受,领受;答应,同意(区别于receive) He has accepted our invitation She’s decided not to accept the job.她决定不接受这项工作。

10. accident (n)事故;灾祸
by accident = by chance偶然地
11. ache (n)痛，疼痛
She felt an ache in her bank.她感觉背痛。

【复合词】toothache, stomachache, heartache 12. achieve (v)完成,实现，达到,赢得
achieve peace实现和平
13. across (prep)横越,穿过（区别于through）
14. act（n, v）表演, 扮演, 行动
Actor男演员 actress女演员
15.action (n)行动;行为;活动
He was sorry for his actions.他为自己的行为感到懊悔。

16.active (a.)积极的，主动的
17. activity (n)
活动(outdoor activities户外活动
I take an active part in all kinds of activities including tennis, swimming and running.我积极参加诸如网球游泳跑步等各种各样的活动。

18. add (v)添加;增加，加
Add 5 to 3 and you have 8. 3加5等于8.
If the tea is too strong, add some more water.如果茶太浓，加些水吧。

19. address（n）住址,地址
What’s your home address?
补充词义：演说,致词
The headmaster gave an address to the school before the prizes were given away.在发奖之前校长向全校发表了讲话
20. advantage (n)优点，优势，好处，disadvantage 缺点，劣势
What’s the advantage of using wind power?使用风能有何好处？
21. advertisement (n)广告
Advertisement helps to sell goods.
* advertise(v)为…做广告
22. advise (v)建议，劝告
23. advice (n)劝告,忠告I want your advice, sir. Follow/take advice 遵守建议
24. afford （v）负担得起(费用)，抽得出(时间),，提供(常与can,could,be able to连用)买得起;有足够的...(去做...)
We can’t afford to pay such a price.
I cannot afford a car.我没有充足的钱买汽车。

25. afraid (a.)害怕的，担心
be afraid of + 令人害怕或具有危险地事物。

be afraid to do sth
be afraid that 句子
26． Africa 非洲African 非洲的，非洲人
26. after (ad, prep, conj)之后，后来；在…以后After sth/doing sth/句子
27. afternoon（n）
I always have a rest/break in the afternoon.我下午总要休息一会。

（afternoon与this, that, yesterday, tomorrow, every等限定词连用时，其前不用介词）
28. again (ad.)再，再次，又，重新
He sang the song again.
again and again 再三地，反复不断地
29. against （prep）反对;违反; 逆;对着；倚;靠the fight against the A flu 抗甲流斗争
We’re playing against Hongxing Middle School next week. 下周我们要和红星中学比赛。

Against the house there stands a tree.一棵树对着这房子立着。

This is against the law.这是违法的。

Put the piano there, against the wall.
30. age (n)年龄，时代，(人生的)某一时期
the age of the computer计算机时代
What’s the age of that old building?
I used to play tennis there when I was your age. He left school at the age of 18.
31. ago (ad.)以前
she died two years ago.她死在两年以前.
比较：He had written a novel two years before.
He wrote a novel two years ago.
(ago指从现在算起若干时间以前，动词用过去式；before 指从过去算起的某个时间以前，动词用过去完成时)
32. agree (v)同意，赞同
I can not agree with you on this point.
He agreed to show me around the factory.
33. agreement (n)同意,一致; 协定,协议
My parents are in agreement on what color to paint the house. 我父母亲对于用什么颜色漆房子意见一致。

The three sides reached an agreement to stop the war. 三方达成协议停止战争。

34. air(n) 空气;大气，天空
We can’t live without air. 35. airline (n)(飞机的)航线航空公司航空系统
I often travel by Northwest Airlines. 我常坐西北航空公司的飞机旅行。

36. airplane(n)飞机
An airplane started for Canton yesterday.昨天一架飞机飞往广州。

37. airport(n)飞机场，航空站
They landed at a small airport. 他们在一座小型的机场降落。

38. alive(a.) (常做表语或补语偶尔做后置定语)
活着的;现存的;
They were caught alive.他们被活捉了。

I don’t know whether he’s alive or dead.我不知道他是死是活。

Is your mother still alive?你妈妈还健在吗?
39. all (a. pron)所有的，全部的
Not all people are happy.
--Thanks very much for your help.
--Not at all. It was a pleasure.
【经典试题】
I’m interested in ______ you have said.
A. all tha t
B. all what
C. that
D. which
40. allow (v)允许,准许
Swimming is not allowed at this beach. 这片海滩禁止游泳。

She allowed us to smoke. 她允许我们抽烟。

He is not allowed to stay out late.他不可以在外呆到很晚。

We do not allow smoking in the hall.我们不准有人在大厅内抽烟。

41. almost (ad)几乎，差不多
He spent almost 1,000 dollars a month.
42. alone (a.)单独的,独自的
She watches TV when she is alone. 独自一人时,她便看电视
单独地(adv)
For years Mary lived alone in New York.
玛丽孤身一人在纽约生活了好几年。

43. along (ad. prep)向前, 和…一起,一同; 沿着
He sang loudly as he walked along. 他边向前走边大声唱着歌。

Come along with us. 跟我们一道去吧。

I was driving my car along a path.我沿着一条小路开车。

* aloud (ad.)出声地, 高声地
44. already (ad.)已经;先前
I have had lunch already. 我已用过午餐了。

(用语疑问句表示惊讶，惊奇，怀疑)
Is it 10 o’clock already? 都10点了？
（2010安徽中考题）
-- What’s the date today?今天几号了？
--It’s June 16. 六月十六
--Already? Then it’s Dragon Boat Festival today, isn’t it?是吗？那么今天是端午节了，对吗
45. also (ad.)也,亦;还; 同样地
John is also 19 years old约翰也是十九岁。

Since you've accepted the invitation, I'll also accept it. 既然你已接受邀请,那我也接受邀请。

He not only plays well, but also writes music. 46. although (conj.)虽然;尽管
Although he was ill, he worked hard.
47. always(ad)总是,经常；永远,一直；(动词用进行时)老是,一再；(与can/could连用)随时
They always make fun of Mr. Smith.
She’s always disturbing me.她老是骚扰我。

That phone’s always ringing.那电话老是响个不停。

（2008安徽中考试题）
--English is____ too difficult for me. I can’t learn it well.
--Don’t give up. Nothing is difficult if you work hard.
A. seldom
B. never
C. always
D. usually
48. America (n)美国美洲
America was discovered by Columbus in 1492. 49. American(a. n)美国的；美国人
The American students get on well with us.
I saw many Americans in Summer Palace yesterday.
50. among (prep)（区别于between, in the middle of）
在...之中;在(三个以上)...中间
T om has always been popular among his classmates. 汤姆在同学中一直很受欢迎。

例题：He is talking A the students of Class 2 on the playground. A. among B. in the middle of He is playing soccer B the playground.
A. among
B. in the middle of
51. ancient(a.)古代的; 古老的;古旧的,旧的。

* ancestor (n)祖宗，祖先
52. and (conj) 和，与，及（表示并列）
This place is nice and warm.此处温暖而舒适。

表示时间，动作，状态的延续，重复。

We waited for hours and hours. 我们等了不知多少小时。

She is getting better and better.她的身体在逐渐变好。

为了（在口语中用于come,go,try之后，相当于动词不定式的符号to）
go and buy one去买一个。

Wait and see 等着瞧吧。

(2009安徽中考试题第32题）
Linda tried to become an excellent teacher, ____at last she succeeded.
A. so
B. or
C. but
D. and
53. angry (a.)生气，发怒的
He was angry with his younger brother.
She was angry at what her husband said.
54. animal (n)动物，残暴的人
What an animal he is! 他是一个非常残暴的人。

55. another (a. pron )
别的，不同的；再(另, 又)一个
He drank another glass of beer. 他又喝了一杯啤酒That’s another matter. 那是另外一回事。

I don’t like this one, please show me another.
If you want to book a round-trip ticket, you’ll have to pay another $30.如果你要订双程票，你的再付30美元。

Let’s do it another time.我们下次再办这事吧。

56. answer (n. v)
回答;答复接(电话); 应(门)
Ann asked many questions and I did my best to answer them. 安妮问了许多问题,我尽可能地回答。

Who answered the telephone? 谁接的电话?
回答;答复; 复信反应(n)
I’m waiting for an answer to my letter. 我正在等候回信。

He said good night to her but she gave no answer. 他向她道晚安,而她却毫无反应。

57. ant (n)蚂蚁
to work like an ant勤奋工作
58. any (pron. a .)
(无论)哪一个(些); 任何的;一些(否,疑,if从句)
He wanted a job, any sort of a job. 他需要一个工作,任何工作都行。

If there is any trouble, do let me know. 如遇到麻烦,务必告诉我。

I don’t have any money to spare. 我的钱都用光了。

Are there any letters for me? 有我的信吗?
(修饰比较级：稍稍= a little)
Do you feel any better today?今天感觉稍好点吗？【经典试题】
He is taller than ______ girl in his class.
A. any
B. other
C. any other
D. another
59. anybody(pron)无论谁,任何人,
60. anyone=anybody (pron)任何人
61. anything (pron)
(用于疑,否或if从句时)什么东西, 任何东西
Do you have anything to say? 你有什么话要说吗? Is there anything wrong with your clock?
(用于肯定句时)无论什么东西,无论什么事情
My dog will eat almost anything. 我的狗几乎什么东西
62. anyway (ad.)不管怎样；反正；即使如此
It may rain, but we shall go anyway. 也许会下雨,可我们无论如何要去。

Thank you all the same = Thank you anyway 63. anywhere (ad.)
(用于疑问句或if从句时)在任何地方,往任何地方
Did you go anywhere last night? 你昨天夜里有没有到什么地方去?
(用于否定句时)什么地方(也)
You can’t get it anywhere. 这东西你什么地方也买不到的。

(用于肯定句时)随便什么地方
Sit anywhere. 随便坐。

64. appear (v)出现;显露，演出;陈列;露面Gradually a smile appeared on her face. 她脸上渐渐地露出笑容。

似乎,看来好像=seem
It appears they are right. 看来他们是对的。

He appeared to be talking to himself. 他似乎在自言自语。

65. apple (n)苹果
An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
成语：She is the apple of her father’s eye.她是她父亲的掌上明珠。

66. April (n)4月
April Fool’s Day 愚人节
67. area (n)面积,地区,领域,范围This room is 150 square feet in area.
这房间面积为150平方英尺。

His major area of study is chemistry.
他的主要研究领域是化学。

68. arm (n)臂, 胳膊; 支架
She is holding a baby in her arms.她正抱着孩子。

There must be something wrong with my left arm. * armchair (n)扶手椅
69. army (n)军队, 大群;大批
There they formed an army of about two thousand men.他们在那里组建了一支两千人的军队。

John is in the army. 约翰服务于陆军。

An army of workmen was brought in to build the stadium.
一大群工人被召来建筑运动场。

70. around (prep. ad .)
围绕,环绕在...四处在...附近大约,将近(prep)
They sat around the table. 他们围桌而坐。

Ann travelled around Europe for a few months. 安妮在欧洲各地旅游了数月。

He went to the United States around 1987. 他大约是在一九八七年去美国的。

I’ll be back at around 5 o’clock.
到处,四处周围,附近大约环绕;循环地(ad .)
Just drive me around. 开车带我四处走走就行了。

The windmill kept turning around.风车不停地转动着。

The journey will take around ten days. 这次旅行大约要用十天时间。

71. arrive (v)
到达;到来(+ in / at); 达到;达成They arrived in London last Monday.他们上周一抵达伦敦。

What decision did you finally arrive at? 你们最后做了什么决定?
Finally we arrived at an agreement.最后我们达成一项协议。

arrival (n)到达，达到
His arrival brought complete silence to the room. 他的到来使房间里鸦雀无声。

72. art (n)艺术,美术, 技艺
* artist (n) 艺术家
73. article (n)文章; 东西, 物品; 冠词
74. as (ad. conj. prep)
像…一样;如同;因为;作为,当作，按照，当…时
His face is as black as coal.他的脸象煤一样黑。

Run as I do.象我这样跑。

She sang as she worked.她一边工作,一边唱歌。

She stayed at home as she had no car.她因为没有车,所以呆在家里。

We talked about such subjects as the weather.我们谈论了诸如天气之类的话题。

As a student, I should try my best to study well. My uncle used to work as a doctor.我叔叔过去做医生。

T reat others as you wish them to treat you.
要象你希望别人对待你那样对待别人。

75. Asia (n)亚洲
76. Asian (a.，n)亚洲(人)的；亚洲人
77. ask (v) 询问,请求,要,讨价,邀请 .
He asked me how to open the box
78. asleep (a.)睡着的，熟睡
He seems to be fast asleep. 他好像睡得很快
(be asleep指睡着的状态，可以接表示延续性时间的状语;而fall asleep指的是一时的动作)
79. at (prep)在….点钟；在某处
He gets up at six o’clock in the morning.
They were already waiting at the gate when I got there. 当我到达那里时,他们已等候在门口了。

介词搭配:
Don't shout at me. 别对我叫喊。

she is good at describing things or expressing ideas.她善于描述事物或表达思想。

I woke at the sound of the bell. 随着铃响,我醒了。

以(某种价格、速度等)
They sold the cloth at a dollar a yard. 他们以每码一元的价格出售这种布。

The ship was going at full speed when it hit the rock.该船正在全速行驶时触礁。

80. Atlantic大西洋
81. attention(n)注意;注意力;专心
Don’t pay attention to what they say.别在意他们所说的。

An article in the newspaper caught my attention. 报纸上一篇文章引起了我的关注。

Attention, please。

请注意！
* attend 出席，入席
82. August (n)八月
83. aunt (n)伯母;婶母;姑母;姨母;舅母
84. Australia(n)澳洲，澳大利亚
85. Australian(a. n)澳大利亚的；澳大利亚人86. autumn (n)秋季,秋天成熟期;渐衰期; American people use the word “fall”to mean autumn. 美国人用"fall"这个字来表示秋天。

He is in the autumn of his life.他正处中年。

87. available (a.)
可用的,空闲的
The swimming pool is available only in summer. 这个游泳池只在夏天开放。

I am available,let’s go shopping.
可得到的,可买到的（后置定语）
Is there water available around here? 附近弄得到水吗?
This was the only room available.这是唯一可用的房间。

--Hello! Golden Sun Hotel. Can I help you?
--Do you have a room _____ for this weekend?
A. available
B. useful
C. empty
D. possible
88. avoid(v)避开,躲开避免I avoided him as much as possible. 我尽量避开他。

They all avoided mentioning that name. 他们都避免提及那名字。

She avoided answering my question.她避而不答我的问题。

T ry to avoid accidents尽量避免事故。

派生词：avoidable可以避免的
89. awake(v)唤醒，醒来：(adj)醒着的，清醒的
I awoke from a deep sleep.我从沉睡中醒来。

Her voice awoke the sleeping baby.
她的声音惊醒了睡着的孩子。

补：He was very tired, but he tried to keep him awake.他很累但他强迫自己保持清醒。

90. away (ad.)离开
He hasn’t been away from home before. 以前他从没有离开过家。

Let’s keep away from drugs.让我们远离毒品！
(用在名词后)隔开...远;尚有...时间
The hotel is only two miles away旅馆离开这里只有两英里。

Christmas is still months away.离圣诞节还有几个月。

词组：die away渐渐消失；right away立刻马上【经典试题】
My father_______on business for 2 weeks. He’ll return in 3 days.
A. left
B. has left
C. has gone
D.has been away
* awful 极差的，糟糕的
B
91. baby(n)婴儿; 家中年龄最小的
She has a five-month-old baby她有一个五个月的婴儿
Which of you is the baby of the family? 你们当中谁是家中年龄最小的人?
92. back(ad. n)回(原处);向后;后面的;背后,背Someone patted me on the back. 有人在我背上轻轻地拍了一下。

Grandpa and grandma sat in the back of the car. 爷爷和奶奶坐在汽车后排的座位上。

Joan and I walked back to the college.我和琼步行回到学校。

Please go back three steps. 请退后三步。

93. background(n)背景; 出身背景
Her dress had pink flowers on a white background.她的衣服是白底粉红色花。

He is a man of high culture background.他是位受过高等教育的人。

94. bad (a.)(worse, worst)坏的,恶劣的; 有害的,不利的;
The weather was really bad. 天气真糟。

I felt bad all day. 我整天觉得不舒服。

Reading in bed is bad for the eyes.躺在床上看书有损视力
She’s got a bad headache. 她头痛得厉害。

The meat has gone bad. 这肉已坏了。

They arrived at a bad time.他们来得不是时候。

badly 坏，拙劣，不利地
Don’t speak badly of others.别说人家坏话
He does badly in English.他英语学得不好
95. bag (n)袋;提袋
96. ball(n)球;球状体；舞会
The ladies were all dressed beautifully at the ball. 舞会上女士们全都穿得很漂亮。

●ballpoint=ballpoint pen圆珠笔
● a birthday ball生日舞会
97. balloon(n)气球
99. bamboo(n)竹子
Bamboos are widely grown in southern parts of China. 竹子在中国南部种植很广。

99. banana (n)香焦
100. bank(n) (河、海、湖的)堤；银行
101. baseball(n)棒球
102. basic(a.)基本的，基础的,初步的。

These points are basic, without them,the plan can not work.
这几点是根本的，没有它们，这份计划就行不通。

103. basket(n)篮子
she bought a basket of peaches.她买了一篮桃子
104. basketball (n)篮球
105. bathroom(n)洗澡间
*bath（n）(洗澡):
He takes a bath every morning.他每天早晨都洗澡。

* bathe(v)洗澡，游泳
Don’t bathe too soon after eating.刚吃完饭不要马上去洗澡
106. be (is , am , are, was, were, being , been)
--Have you ever been to Shanghai, Mary?
--Yes. I ___ there for three days with my parents last month
A. have gone
B. have been
C. went
D. was
——-Kate’s never late for school, ______?
A. isn’t she
B. is she
C. has she
D.hasn’t she
107. beach (n)海滩
*bean 豆子
108. bear(n)熊（v）忍受，承担
【补充】粗鲁的人
She’s nice but her husband is such a bear that nobody likes him.她人不错，可是她丈夫粗鲁，没有人喜欢他
109. beat (n, v)敲打; 跳动; 打赢; (音乐)节拍
He beat his brother for lying. 他因为他的兄弟说谎而揍他
His heart was still beating.他的心脏还在跳。

I think Jack can beat all the runners in the country.
我认为杰克可以胜过这个国家的所有赛跑选手。

--What do you think of the football match yesterday?
--Well. It’s surprising. The strongest team of our school was beaten
名词：（音乐）节拍
Every member of the band must follow the beat very closely.乐队的每一个成员都必须紧跟节拍。

110. beautiful（a,）美丽的,漂亮的，出色的,
111. because(conj)因为
补：because of因为，由于
The plane was late because of the bad weather. 6
飞机因恶劣天气晚点了.
--Did you call Sara back?
--I didn’t need to, _______ we’ll have a meeting together tonight.
A. though
B. unless
C. because
D. if 112. become (became, become)变成,成为；适合;
It seems that he has become very fond of the boy. 似乎他变得十分喜爱这男孩。

This color becomes you. 这颜色适合你。

113. bed(n)床; 睡觉;; (河)床;(海、湖的)底;底部; It’s time for bed now.现在到睡觉时间了.
The bed of the river has been polluted.
这条河的河床受到了污染.
【补充】go to bed就寝, make the bed铺床 bedtime 就寝时间
114. bedroom (n)卧室
115. bee (n)蜜蜂
116. beef(n)牛肉
117. before(prep, ad. conj)
在…以前(前面);以前;在…之前
Only two days remained before the examination. 考前只剩下两天了。

Your name comes before mine. 你的名字在我之前。

Pride comes before a fall. 骄必败。

He was never late before. 过去他从不迟到。

Have you two met before? 你们两人以前见过面吗? Check it carefully before you hand it in. 交来之前仔细核对一下。

118. begin (v) (began, begun)开始，着手。

After running half a kilometre, I began to feel tired.
-- I’m thinking of a country in Asia.
--What does it begin with?(=What is the first letter?)
●beginning (n)开始, 开端
at the beginning of...
119. behaviour = behavior (n)行为,举止
good / bad behaviour良好/恶劣行为
social behaviour社会行为
●behave (v)守规矩，行为
120. behind (prep)在...的背后;在...的后面；支持There is a garden behind the house. 屋后有个花园。

George always falls behind his schedule. 乔治老是不能按时完成计划。

She knew that, whatever she decided, her family was right behind her. 她知道，无论她作出什么决定，她的家人都支持她。

121. believe(v) 相信
--Does he still work there?
--I believe so / not. 我想是/不是
Believe it or not, he asked me to marry him。

信不信由你，他向我求婚。

*【派生词】believeable可信任的
* belief (n)信条，信念
122. bell (n) 钟,铃,钟声，钟形物
123. below (prep)
(指位置，数量，程度)在...下面;在…以下
Her skirt came below her knees. 她的裙长过膝。

The cost of the whole work was below two thousand dollars. 办理此事的全部费用在两千元以下。

The temperatures remained below freezing all day.
气温一整天都保持在冰点以下。

124. beside (prep)在...近旁;在旁边;
He sat down beside Emma. 他在艾玛身旁坐下。

125. besides(prep,ad)
在...之外,除...之外；此外,而且,加之
Besides working as a doctor, he also writes novels in his spare time. 除了当医生之外，他在业余时间还写小说。

Besides, I want you to promise me one thing. 此外,我要你答应我一件事。

126. between (prep)
(指时间、空间、顺序等)在...之间
【2008安徽中考试题】
--What do you often do ____ classes to relax yourself?
---Listen to music.
A. over
B. among
C. between
D. through 127. beyond (prep)在(到)…较远的一边;超过
The exercise was beyond the abilities of most of the class.练习超出了大多数学生的能力。

It’s beyond me why she married him. 我无法理解她为什么嫁给他。

The dorrbell on the wall was beyond the baby’reach. 墙上的门铃小孩子是够不着
128. big (a.)大的
129. bike = bicycle (n)
130. bill ( n)
账单，钞票，纸币，清单；纸币；法案；议案
The store sent me a bill for $50. 那家商店寄给我一张五十美元的帐单。

I have five one-dollar bills.我有5张一美元的钞票We are all for the bill.我们都赞成这项议案。

131. bird(n)鸟;禽
birdcage（n）鸟笼 bird flu禽流感
132. birth (n)出生;诞生
I am a Chinese by birth.我生为中国人.
●birthplace（n）出生地，故乡
133. birthday (n)生日
134. biscuit (n)饼干
135. bit (n)一点，一些，少量的
a bit of = a little
I’ve got a bit of milk to drink.
a bit = a little bit
This shoes are a bit tight.这鞋有点儿紧。

The shoes are a little bit tight.这鞋有点儿紧。

136. bitter (a.)苦的，痛苦的，怀恨的；严酷的；难过的
The medicine tastes bitter. 此药味苦。

137. black(a.n)黑色的；(咖啡)不加牛奶(或奶油
T wo black coffees, please.请来两杯不加牛奶咖啡。

138. blackboard (n)黑板
139. blind (a.)瞎的,盲的;视而不见的
He is blind in one eye. 他一只眼睛失明。

He is blind to his son’s bad behaviour.他对他儿子的坏行为视而不见。

（blind表示“某人是盲人”时，只能以人做主语，不能用eye做主语： He is blind in the right eye.他右眼是瞎的，不能说His right eye is blind.）
140. blood (n)血,血统
They are of the same blood.他们是血亲。

Blood is thicker than water.血浓于水。

*blouse 男式衬衫
141. blow(blew, blown) (v)吹,刮风，吹气
It was blowing hard. 刮着大风。

142. blue (n,a.)
蓝色(的)，忧郁的，发青的,悲伤的，沮丧的
Her hands were blue with cold.她的双手冻的发青。

He’d been feeling blue all week.他整个星期不乐。

You are looking blue. What’s the matter?
你看起来挺忧愁，怎么回事？
143. board (n)木板，布告牌
The exam results went up on the board. 考试成绩张贴在布告牌上
【补充】boarding school 寄宿制学校
144. boat (n)小船
●boat race (n)划船比赛
●boating (n) 划船（游玩），泛舟
145. body(n) 身体；躯干；尸体
body language 身体语言
146. book(n)书,书本,书籍;著作;报章杂志
(v)预定，定（房间，车票）
I’d like to book a table for two for 8 o’clock tonight.我想订一张今晚8点钟的两人餐桌。

I’m sorry --- We are fully booked.对不起，客满了。

●Bookcase书橱 bookmark书签 bookshelf书架
bookshop/bookstore书店 bookman文人147. boring (a.)令人生厌的;乏味的
bored 令人厌烦的
148. born (a.)出生的, 诞生的;产生的；天生的, 生来就有的
The baby was born last Friday. 孩子是上星期五生的。

She was considered a born movie star. 她被看成是天生的电影明星。

She was born to succeed. 她注定会成功的。

149. borrow (v)借,借入(+from)；借用;采用(+from)
How much have you borrowed from him? 你向他借了多少钱?
Some of his ideas were borrowed from other sources. 他的某些见解是从别处借用来的。

150. boss (n)领班，老板
151. both (pron, a.)两...(都),两个...(都)
152. bottle (n)瓶子一瓶的容量
153. bottom (n)底部，尽头，末端；底部的
The bottom of the cup is broken. 这杯子的底破了。

Bottoms up!干杯！
154. bowl (n)碗一碗的容量
Would you like another bowl of soup? 请再喝一碗汤好吗?
155. box (n)盒子,箱子
boxing (n)拳击(运动)
156. boy (n)男孩
【派生词】boyish孩子气的；boyhood少年时代157. brain (n) 智力,头脑
I suppose she has more brains than any of us. 158. brave (a.)勇敢的,英勇的
He was as brave as a lion. 他勇猛如雄狮。

Bravely 副词
●bravery (n)勇气
159. bread (n) 面包
160. break(broke, broken) (v)打碎，弄坏，撕开S he dropped the plate and it broke into pieces. He came in second, but still broke the Olympic record.他得了第二名，但仍然打破了奥运记录。

161. break (n) 间歇，休息
Let’s take a break.我们休息一会吧。

It’s time for break.下课了，休息！
162. breakfast (n)早餐,早饭
I had a quick breakfast this morning in order not to be late for school.
(breakfast做名词泛指早餐时，前面不加冠词；有定语修饰时常加冠词a;特指某一顿早餐时还可加定冠词the) 163. breath (n)呼吸
He held his breath while the results were read out.宣读结果时，他屏住呼吸。

164. breathe (v)呼吸
The air was so cold that we could hardly breathe. 空气太冷，我们难以呼吸。

165. bridge (n)桥梁，纽带
We crossed the bridge over the Changjiang River. 我们穿过了长江上的这座桥。

Culture exchanges are a way of building bridges between countries. 文化交流是各国之间建立联系的纽带。

166. bright (a.)明亮的；聪明的
167. bring (brought, brought) (v)带来,拿来,取来
*Britain 大不列颠（英国）British大不列颠的
168. brother (n)兄弟
elder brother哥哥
【派生词】 brotherhood手足之亲; brother-in-arms 战友; brother-in-law姐夫;妹夫; brotherless无兄无弟的; brotherly兄弟般的
169. brown (n,a.)棕色（的），褐色（的）
The leaves turn brown in autumn.树叶在秋天变成褐色
Brown bread 全麦面包
170. brush (n, v )刷, 掸, 拂；刷子, 毛刷, 画笔
I paint with a brush. 我用画笔作画。

I'm going to brush my teeth. 我要去刷牙了。

171. build (built, built) (v)建筑;建造172. building (n)建筑物,房屋，大楼
173. burn(-ed, -ed / burnt, burnt) (n)烧伤，烫伤
174. bus (n)公共汽车
●bus stop公共汽车站
175. business (n)(本分)工作,职业;职责;生意,交易He’s gone to Shanghai on business.他去上海出差去了。

A teacher’s business is to help children learn.教师的本分是帮助孩子学习。

This is none of your business.这与你不相干。

●businessman男商人businesswoman女商人176. busy(a.) 繁忙的
Kate is busy with her homework.
James is busy practising for the school concert.詹姆斯正忙着为学校音乐会排练。

【成语】as busy as a bee忙得不可开交。

177. but (conj.)但是;(通常用not...but...)而是; 可是,然而
It is hot in summer here, but it is not cold in winter. 这里夏天热,但冬天不冷。

Our purpose is not to do it for you but to teach you to do it by yourself.我们的目的不是替你做这事,而是教会你自己做。

178. butter (n)奶油,黄油
179. butterfly(n)蝴蝶；时髦的人；
180. buy (bought, bought)(v)买,购买;
181. by (prep)靠近, 在…旁;; 不迟于; 被, , 由; 乘(车)
182. bye (int.)
C
183. cabbage(n)甘蓝菜,卷心菜
184. cake (n)蛋糕,糕饼
A piece of cake 一块蛋糕，一件很容易的
*calendar 日历日程表
185. call (v.n)喊,叫; 称呼;呼唤; 电话, 通话“Come on,”she called out. “快,”她喊道。

Shall I call you a taxi? 我给你叫辆出租车好吗?
She called him Joe. 她称他乔。

She made a long-distance call to Hong Kong. 她打长途电话到香港。

186. camel (n)骆驮
187. camera (n) 照相机,摄像机
188. camp (n, v)野营;营地扎营;宿营
189. can (v)（表示有能力，请求，允许，可能性）能，
会
--Who’s the man over there? Is it Mr.Black?
--It _____ be him. He’s much taller.
A.can’t
B. mustn’t
C. should
D. may
罐头，罐子，易拉罐
We drank a can of Coke each.我们每人喝了一罐可乐。

190. Canada (n)加拿大Canadian 加拿大的，加拿大人
191. cancel (v)取消；删去；抵消
192. cancer (n) 癌症
193. candle (n)蜡烛
light a candle点燃蜡烛
194. candy (n) 糖果
195. cap (n) 帽子；（管，瓶等的）盖;钢笔套
lift(raise) one’s cap举帽致意
put the cap back on the bottle.把瓶盖盖上
196. capital (n)首都；省会;大写；资本
What’s the capital of Canada?
our capital is Beijing.我们的首都在北京。

They don’t have enough capital to build another factory.
他们没有足够的资金来兴建另一家工厂。

Proper nouns are spelled with a capital letter. 专有名词用大写字母。

197. captain (n)船长；(足球等)队长; （海军）上校198. car (n)小汽车; 火车车厢，小卧车
199. card (n)卡片;名片;贺卡; 扑克牌
Play cards 打牌
200. care(v, n)照料，保护，小心；介意，在乎medical care医疗保健， patient care病人护理He’s old enough to ta ke care of himself.
I don’t care what he thinks.我才不管他怎么想。

Take care (告别用语)走好，保重。

201. careful (a.)小心的, 仔细的,谨慎的;
Be careful! 小心！
202. careless (a.)粗心的, 漫不经心的
*carrot 胡萝卜
203. carry(v) (用手、肩等)挑,抱,背,提,扛,搬,传播
*cartoon 卡通
204. cat (n)猫
Let the cat out of the bag.（无意中）泄露秘密
It rained dogs and cats.倾盆大雨
205. catch(caught, caught) （v）接住,抓住; 赶上; 染上；发现; 领会I caught him by the arm.我抓住他的胳膊。

catch a cold感冒/ catch a fever发烧
I think I must have caught this cold from you.我的感冒想必是你传染的。

I could hardly catch what he meant.我简直不理解他说的意思。

206. cause(n. v)原因;起因；促使，引起，使发生What was the cause of the accident? 造成这一事故的原因是什么?
His speech caused much discussion.他的演讲引起了许多议论。

These causes led to a bad result.这些原因导致了不良的后果。

207. CD (n)
208. CD--ROM(n)光盘，
209. ceiling(n)天花板;顶篷
210. celebrate（v）庆祝,
We held a party to celebrate our success. 我们举行宴会庆祝我们的成功。

celebration (n) 庆祝会，庆祝
211. cent (n)(美、加等国的货币单位,为dollar的1%)分
25% = 25 per cent
centimetre=centimeter厘米
212. centre=center (n)中心，中央 central （adj）中心的
There is a long table in the centre of the room.
a shopping / sports centre购物中心, 运动中心213. century (n) 世纪，百年
the 21st century二十一世纪
214. certain (a.)（未知名真实姓名的）某…;确定的，无疑的，一定的
I’m not certain who is there.
It is certain that they will agree. / They are certain to agree. 他们肯定会同意
A certain person called on you yesterday.
昨天有个人来拜访过你。

Certainly 当然
* uncertain (a.) 不确定的
215. chair(n) 椅子; 主席; 主席席位
Do you know the old man asleep in the chair? She takes the chair in all our meetings. 她主持我们所有的会议。

Who is in the chair today? 今天谁主持？
216. chairman/woman(n)(女)主席,(女)会长;(女)。