2020-2021学年北京汇文中学高三英语上学期期中试题及答案

2020-2021学年北京汇文中学高三英语上学期期中试题及答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Four Online Events
The handshake：an anthropologist’s guide
What is its biological purpose？What are the best and worst handshakes？In this talk，scientist Ella Al-Shamahi examines the power of touch and argues the handshake is at least 7 million years old．This event will start at 18:00 pm on 25 March and will last one hour．Standard ticket price：£15(A 20％discount for those who buy the ticket before March 20.)
A rescue plan for nature
What do we need to do to restore the planet 's biodiversity and preventthe next pandemic (疫情)？Join scientist Cristian Samper as he talks about how our ignoring nature caused the pandemic-and how we can seize a unique opportunity to build back better．This free event will start at 18:00 pm on 15 April．Origins of life
Why is the planet the way it is？How did we get here？Does everything happen for a reason or are some things left to chance？Research shows we live in a world driven by chance．In this talk，biologist Sean B Carroll will tell the stories of the mother of all accidents，and the surprising power of chance in our lives and the world．This event will start at 19:30 pm on 22 April and will last two hours．Standard ticket price：£18(A 10％discount for those who buy the ticket before April 17.)
The truth about exercise
Should we all be hitting the gym three times a week？Should we worry about sitting to omuch？If you are strong and fit，can you get away with being inactive？In this talk，specialist Jason Gill introduces what science can really tell us about how much we need to move to live a healthy life．This event will start at 19:00 pm on May 13 and will last one hour，Standard ticket price：£12(A 15％discount for those who buy the ticket before May 8.)
1.How much should you at least spend on the event about the handshake？
A.£10.2．
B.£12．
C.£13．
D.£16.2．
2.From whom can you learn about the origins of life？
A.Ella Al-Shamahi．
B.Cristian Samper．
C.Sean B Carroll．
D.Jason Gill．
3.What does the four online talks have in common？
A.They are science-based．
B.They are about cultures．
C.They are related to nature．
D.They are intended for the young．
B
A team of engineers atHarvardUniversity in trying to create the first robotic fly. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.
"The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of its components is off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own’ said Robert Wood, a Harvard engineering professor.
They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings hasa number of interdependencies (相互依赖）on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it d connected to,” said Wood.
While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites，in farmers’ fields or on the battlefield. "Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around，” he said.
Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications.“You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animal，but using these robots instead” he said. "So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day-to-day basis.”
4. What is the typical characteristic of the robotic fly?
A. It's automatic.
B.It's very small.
C. It's controllable.
D. It's quite powerful.
5. We can infer from the passage that the robotic flyer can____ .
A. act as a spy plane
B. help do farm work
C.fly at a very high speed
D. answer many scientific questions
6. What is Wood's idea about the robotic fly according to the last paragraph?
A. It is highly questionable.
B. It has wide practical applications.
C. It gives scientists interest in flying machines.
D. It points to a new direction in studying biology.
7. What can be the best title for the passage?
A. Harvand's Study in the Field of Insects.
B. A Breakthrough in Engineering Science
C. An Interesting Invention一Robotic Fly
D. Robotic Fly一a Copy of Real Life Insect
C
More than 10,000 people were made homeless in Ternang when the Sungai Mas overflowed its banks yesterday after six days of continuous heavy rain.
The wooden bridge across the river has been washed away. The town is cut off by flood waters. At the fifth mile, Jalan Tengkn, the water is two meters deep. It is closed to all traffic. Flooding first happened at mid-afternoon yesterday along the river banks. People trying to get to higher ground were just in time to escape the destroying of the flood. Most of the flood victims(受害者) had to leave all their things behind.
The National Flood Relief(救济) Center was reported to give its help and by early evening the whole town was moved out, helped by the army, police, Red Cross Society and volunteers(志愿者).
The flood victims are now housed in different simple relief centers in the nearby town of Ternang. “Everything possible is being done to help the unlucky people,” a government spokesman said, “In fact, money, food and clothing have begun to come in from public organizations and helpful people. A Disaster Relief Fund(救灾基金会) will be started as soon as possible.”
According to the latest reports it is still raining heavily at Ternang. The whole town is expected to be wholly covered by the water. So far no deaths have been reported.
8. This passage is probably taken from______.
A. a storybook
B. a textbook
C. a magazine
D. a newspaper
9. It seems that the flood happened just because ______.
A. the banks were too low
B. the wooden bridge is solid (坚固)
C. the river was too narrow
D. they had had wet days for some time
10.From the passage we know that ______.
A. though the town was flooded, you could still go there by bus
B. as soon as the water flowed over the banks, people began to go to higher lands
C. the government and the whole society are taking great care of the flood victims
D. the flood hasn't brought a large loss to the town as nobody died in the flood
11. What is the best title for this passage?
A. A Big Flood
B. Ternang Is destroyed
C. Over 10,000 People Are Homeless
D. Rescue Team Arrived
D
Sleep problems in early childhood may be linked to the development of certain mental health disorders in adolescence, according to a new research.
A study of 7,155 children in theUnited Kingdomfound that waking up frequently during the night and irregular sleep routines as babies and toddlers was linked to psychotic experiences in children aged 12 and 13. Also, children who slept for shorter periods at night were more likely to be associated with borderline personality disorder at ages 11 and 12.
The research, published in the journalJAMA Psychiatry, was the first time possible links between early childhood sleep problems and adolescent psychotic experiences and borderline personality disorder (BPD) symptoms have been examined.
“We know from previous research that persistent nightmares in children have been associated with both psychosis and borderline personality disorder,” said lead author Isabel at theInstituteofMental Healthat theUniversityofBirmingham.
“But nightmares don’t tell the whole story. We’ve found that, in fact, a number of behavioral sleep problems in childhood can point towards these problems in adolescence,” she said.
Adolescence, typically defined as the ages between 10 and 19, is a key period in human development because of brain and hormonal changes, anditis now thought to be when many mental health problems start.
Prior research inAustraliafound that babies with persistent severe sleep problems in their first year were at greater risk for anxiety and emotional issues in later childhood. Sleep problems in children and adolescents have been shown to predict the development of various emotional and behavioral problems, including depression, anxiety, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, risk-taking and aggression. However, findings have been inconsistent, especially when based on objective measurements of sleep, rather than parental reports.
Sleep and mental health are closely connected in adults, with sleep problems increasing the risk for developing particular mental illnesses as well as resulting in mental health issues.
12. What can we know from paragraph 3?
A. Childhood sleep problems probably cause youth mental health problems.
B. Severe sleep problems in childhood lead to emotional issues.
C. Persistent nightmares in children are closely related to psychosis.
D. The research has not been known to the public.
13. What does “it” refer to in paragraph 6?
A. Adolescence.
B. Key period.
C. Human development
D. Hormonal change.
14. According to the Australian research, older children who had long-term serious sleep issues at one year old are more likely to ________.
A. grow slowly
B. develop attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
C. do badly in lessons
D. suffer from anxiety
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. A Study About Childhood Sleep Problems Is Under Progress
B. Pay Attention to Children Who Lack Sleep
C. Childhood Sleep Issues Linked to Adolescent Mental Health Problems
D. How to Help Children Develop a Good Sleep Habit
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
How Can I Fight Laziness?
Lazy people will never gain anything in life. However, laziness can be defeated once a few changes have been made in your mind.
____16____Many people lack sleep constantly, since they stay up too late and get up too early to prepare for work. These people have little motivation once they arrive home. Laziness works hand in hand with a lack of motivation and a tendency to put off things. By adjusting your sleep schedule to provide a few more hours of meaningful rest, you can fight laziness throughout the day.
Another way to fight laziness is to change your mind from passive to active. Some people treat their lives as if they were pushed fromtask to task. Others take a more positive approach, viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone.____17____
Some people fight laziness by removing the temptations（诱惑）that surround them. A television in the living
room may provide entertainment, but watching too much TV often contributes to laziness.____18____Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy, such as a good dinner or a film.
Laziness can also be a lasting problem at home. Couples and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if not dealt with immediately.____19____Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal. Others in the home may eventually follow your example and perform their own task. It is difficult to practice lazinesswhen you are surrounded by motivated（积极的）people.
____20____Enough exercise and a balanced diet can help you to develop a healthy lifestyle, thus enabling you to have more energy and help lift your spirits.
A.Knowing how to fight laziness is important
B.To fight family laziness,set an example.
C.Finally, taking exercise regularly can help you fight laziness.
D.One way to fight laziness is to get enough sleep.
E.Create a reward system for yourself, just as parents do for a child.
ziness appears when you no longer feel in charge of your own mind.
G.With strong determination, you will be able to achieve your goal
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Something extraordinary happened at LA airport today. I was at the gate,___21___to get on my plane toPortland. Suddenly, a___22___boy who looked to be eighteen months was having a total breakdown(崩溃),___23___between the seats, kicking(踢)and screaming(尖叫), then lying on the ground, refusing to board the___24___.
His young mom, who was clearly pregnant(怀孕的)and traveling___25___with her son, became completely___26___. She couldn't___27___her son because he was lying down on the ground, kicking and___28___. The mother finally sat down on the floor and put her___29___in her hands, with her son next to her.
Then, this gorgeous(极好的)thing happened. Six or seven____30____in the airport approached and____31____the poor mother and thelittle boy. We knelt down and formed a circle. I sangThe Itsy Bitsy Spiderto the little boy. One woman had a little____32____in her bag that she let the boy play with, another woman gave the mom a newly-bought____33____of water. Someone else____34____the mom to get the kid's cup out of her bag and give it to him. It was so____35____, because there was no____36____and no one knew
anyone else, but we were able to calm them both down, and she got her child on the plane.
After they____37____the door we all went back to our____38____seats and didn't talk about it We were strangers, gathering to____39____problems. It occurred to me that a circle of women, with a mission(使命), can____40____the world.
21. A. waiting B. begging C. leaving D. standing
22. A. clever B. little C. dirty D. hungry
23. A. dashing B. yelling C. running D. listening
24. A. boat B. taxi C. train D. plane
25. A. angrily B. freshly C. alone D. lonely
26. A. lost B. careful C. grateful D. old
27. A. set up B. take in C. put down D. pick up
28. A. speaking B. screaming C. jumping D. laughing
29. A. shoulder B. head C. eyes D. ears
30. A. women B. people C. professors D. members
31. A. talked B. neglected C. questioned D. surrounded
32. A. dog B. toy C. gun D. coat
33. A. cup B. bowl C. bag D. bottle
34. A. refused B. forced C. helped D. allowed
35. A. boring B. dangerous C. gorgeous D. interesting
36. A. discussion B. need C. time D. room
37. A. looked into B. turned into C. went through D. heard of
38. A. priceless B. wood C. common D. separate
39. A. solve B. produce C. analyze D. forget
40. A. destroy B. save C. cheat D. win
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
A law amendment(修正案) that allows couples in China to have three children____41.____(pass) on Friday. Supportive measures aimed at encouraging births, such as protecting women’s workplace rights and____42.____(lower) education costs, also received legal backing in the revised Population and Family Planing Law.
The policy shift addresses the challenge of declining birth rates. According to the____43.____(late) national survey, the proportion of those aged 60 and above rose to 18.7 percent last year, while the birth rate____44.____(drop) to 1.3 children per woman.
Zhang Guilong,____45.____official from the NPC, says that revisions made to the law are aimed at ensuring progress can be made toward the goal of achieving____46.____(balance) population development in the long run.
In particular, the revised law serves____47.____a push for establishing affordable nursery care service systems. In____48.____(respond) to concerns that the third-child policy will likely deepen gender discrimination against working women, the law states that a women’s right to employment will be guaranteed and that employment services will be provided for those____49.____jobs are affected due to pregnancies.
The law also for the first time addresses parental leave, making_____50._____clear that support will be given to regions exercising the practice.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（∧）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Last week, I watched a movie, namingA Dog’s Way Homefrom Sony Pictures, what mainly tells about dogs at animal shelters. Through the movie, I learned that much of those dogs have to be put to the death if they aren’t adopted. The followed day I told my parents that I wanted to visit to the animal shelter in our city and take a dog home. They strong supported my idea of adopting a dog and we choose a brown one at last. I hope that more dogs at animal shelters can find their permanently home. I also hope that dog owner will keep their pets instead giving them up.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Lying in bed with my husband, Gary, we were reminiscing (怀旧). Having been together for 31 years, we were now proud parents to 5 children. Our four eldest kids had flown away to their own life, and Samuel, in his final year of school, was preparing to follow in their footsteps.
With six bedrooms, Gary and I wondered what we would do once we became empty-nest-ers. “Maybe we should sell the house,” Gary suggested. But over the next six months, we never got around to it. Plus, we were busy as foster carers (寄养照管), which we'd done for the past five years. Though I loved every child who stayed with us, we had no plans to have any youngsters for ever. After all, we'd raised five kids already. Then, looking through the Internet, I saw an article. Seven siblings (兄弟姐妹) in need of forever home, it read, beside a photo of the kids in their best clothes.
My heart went out to their hopeful smiles. Reading, I discovered the children—Adelino, then 13, Ruby, 11, Aleecia and Anthony, both six, Aubriella, four, Leo, three, and Xander, two—had been in a terrible car accident six months earlier. Their parents had died and the youngsters had been badly injured. It was a miracle (奇迹) they'd survived.
We had to help them, I thought. I sent an e-mail to my husband if we could adopt (收养) them, expecting him to tell me I was crazy. With Gary working for the post office and me a lawyer, I knew we had the ability to make it work. And as the hours passed, I couldn't push the kids out of my mind. Who else would have the room to keep them all together? I wondered. It would be devastating (毁灭性的) if they had to be seperated.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Before Gary arrived home from work, I'd prepared a speech to present my request.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____
I tried to help them feel safe with us.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____
参考答案
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. B
5. A
6. B
7. D
8. D 9. D 10. C 11. A
12. A 13. A 14. D 15. C
16. D 17. F 18. E 19. B 20. C
21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. B 30. A 31. D 32.
B 33. D 34.
C 35. C 36. A 37. C 38.
D 39. A 40. B
41. was passed
42. lowering
43. latest 44. dropped
45. an 46. balanced
47. as 48. response
49. whose 50. it
51.(1).naming→named；
(2).what→which；
(3).much→many；
(4).去掉death前的the；
(5).followed→following；
(6).strong→strongly；
(7).choose→chose；
(8).permanently→permanent；
(9).owner→owners；
(10).在instead后加of
52.略。