初三直接引语变间接引语的讲解

Reported speech 间接引语.
“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引 语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第 二人称或被第二人你所修饰。从句 中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语 一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语 。也可以用第一人称，如：
He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?”
What did he say?
He said he__w_e_n_t_t_o__b_e_a_ch__e_v_e_r_y_S_u__n_d_a_y__.
I go to beach every Sunday.
What did she say?
She said she_w__o_u_ld__c_a_l_l _m_e__to_m__o_r_r_o_w____.
一 随 主
引号内的第一人 称变间引后与主 句主语的人称保 持一致
She said,“ I like Tennis.”
二 随 宾
引号内的第二人 称变间引后与主 句宾语的人称保
He said to Lily, “ you must get up early”
持一致
三
引号内的第三人
She said to me , “ They want to
When do you have math? ( They asked him )
you have math
They asked him when you have math.
he had
They asked him when he had math.
2.一般疑问句直接引语变间接引语
Do you have math? ( They asked him )
Direct speech 直接引语
间接引语.
用自己的话转述 别人的话，不用 引号
引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式:
一.原封不动地引用原话,把它放在括 号内,这叫直接引语;
二. 用自己的话加以转述, 这叫间接引 语.
１）人称的变化 一随主，二随宾，三不变
She asked me __w__h_y ___I__ _w__a_s__interested in science.
2. He asked him “when will you buy the red coat?”
He asked him w__h_e_n __h__e__w__o_u_l_d__ buy the red coat.
basketball.
I am good at English. I do well in Edongwlieshll.in
SWhheatsadiidd sshhee wsaays?good at English. SWhehastadididshsheedsidayw?ell in English.
They asked him Whether/if you can play the piano.
he could
They asked him whether/if he could play the piano.
Exercises:
1. She said to me “ Why are you interested in science?”
“How does she go to school?”
She asked me
how She went to school.
“Do you know my name?”
是否
She asked me Whether / if I knew her name.
Summary(总结)
1.特殊疑问句直接引语变间接引语
(2)如果在当地转述，here 不必改为there，动词 come 不必改为go.
(3)当转述客观真理时，直接引语变为间接引语时， 时态不变。如： 1.He said , “The moon moves around the earth He said that the moon moves around the earth
He said he could speak three languages.
I am mad at Marcia.
He said he was mad at Marcia.
What did he say?
We are having a party for Lana.
What did they say? They said they were having a party for Lana.
Practice:
1) He said,“ My brother failed in the exam.” He said ____hbirsother had failed in the exam.
2) He said to Mary,“ How is your mother now?” he asked Mary how _____mother was then. her
I am hardworking. I am not lazy.
She sWahidatsdhideswhaessahya?rd-working, ShWehsaat iddidsshheewsaays?not lazy.
I’m good at playing
basketball.
HWehastaididhheewsaasy?good at playing
不 称在变间引后去人 help him”
变 称不变
She said that she liked tennis
He told Lily that she must get up early
She told me that That they wanted help him
一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 一般过去时 过去完成时 一般将来时
→She said her brother wanted to go shopping with her.
The boy said ,” I’m reading a book.”
Direct speech 直接引语
The boy said (that) he was reading a book.
记住： 动词时态的变化
1 陈述句 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语
时，用连词that引导（that在口语中常省略）
一般现在时
一般过去时
He said, “ I can do well in English.”
→ He said that he could do well in English.
I will call you tomorrow.
“What are you doing?” She asked me what I was doing.
“Why do you like English?” He asked me why I liked English
“Where does he live?” She asked me where he lived.
→He asked Kate how her sister was then。
“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间 接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是 第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的 人称一般不需要变化如：
Mr. Smith said, “Jack is a good boy.”
→Mr. Smith said Jack was a good boy.
surprise party for Maria." Lana said that she was going to have a surprise party for Maria.
Can you play the piano? ( They asked him )
You can play the piano
现在进行时
过去进行时
He said, “I'm writing a letter.” → He said that he was writing a letter.
一般将来时
过去将来时
Tom said to me “I will call you tomorrow” Tom told me that he would call me the next
3. Shirley asked me “Where were you born?”
Shirley asked me __w__h_e_r_e_ __I___ _w_a__s_ born.
(4)为了表示引述的状态和情况到现在仍然是事实时 也经常用一般现在时。
My teacher said, “Tom is a good student. ” My teacher said Tom is a good student.
I can speak three languages.
What did he say?
he
her
my
He says,“Is Tom a student or a teacher？” → He asks whether Tom is a student or a teacher. He asked me, "Do you like playing football?“ → He asked me if/whether I liked playing football. My sister asked me : “ What is your friend?” →My sister asked me what my friend was. Jack asked me, "How do you like the film?" →Jack asked me how I liked the film. The solider ordered,“Be quiet.” → The solider ordered us to be quiet. He said to her,“Open the door, please.” →He asked her to open the door. She says,“I will go to Beijing next month.” →She says (that) she will go to Beijing the next month. He often says “ I shall tell you about them.” →He often tells me that he will tell me about them.
you have math
They asked him Whether/if you have math.
he had
They asked him whether/if he had math.
将下列直接引语的句子改写为间接引语: 1. Lana said, "I'm going to have a
3)My teacher said, ‘‘ she is a good student. ’’ My teacher said ____was a good student she
4) He said to me,“ I’ve left her book in your room” He told me that ___had left ___ book in ___ room.
一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成时 不变 过去将来时
直接引语中的时间状语转换规则：
记住：指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和 动词的变化
“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从 句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从 句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：
She said. "My brother wants to go shopping with me. ”
day.
注： 如果主句是一般现在时，直接引语变 间接引语时，从句的时态不变。
He says, “I’m not good at math. ”
He says that he is not good at math.
注意： (1)如果在当天转述today,yesterday, tomorrow 等 时间状语也不必改变。