大学英语六级改革适用(段落翻译)模拟试卷209(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语六级改革适用（段落翻译）模拟试卷209(题后含答案及解
析)
题型有：1.4 billion. The Han Nationality is the majority, accounting for 92% of the total population, which distributes mainly in the east and middle of China; while the ethnic minorities dwell extensively all over China, distributing mainly in the southwest, the northwest and the northeast. Each of the minority ethnic groups has a distinctive character, long traditional culture and unique conventions. Chinese government has long been advocating and developing an equal and united ethnic relationship, highlighting the common development and prosperity of all ethnic groups.
解析：1．第二句的主干结构是“中国共有56个民族”，可理解成“中国是56个民族的家”，因此“有”译为is home to，充分表达了中国是一个大家庭的意思。

“总人口约14亿人”用介词短语with a total population of about 1．4 billion 表达．句子更加简洁精炼。

2．第三句“汉族是……东部和中部”可把“汉族是中华民族的主体民族”作为主句；“约占全国人口的92％”使用现在分词短语作状语，即accounting for 92％of the total population；“主要分布在东部和中部”则使用which引导的非限制性定语从句来表达。

3．第四句“而其他少数民族居住……”同样讲民族的分布，可用连词while与上一句连接，中间用分号隔开，从而使汉族与少数民族的分布形成对比。

这里的“主要分布在……”可使用现在分词短语作状语，译为distributing mainly in…。

4．翻译最后一句时可把“中国政府长久以来一直提倡和发展平等、团结的民族关系”作为句子主干，谓语动词“一直提倡和发展”可使用现在完成进行时态，说明政策的延续性。

“强调各民族共同发展、共同繁荣”则使用现在分词短语作状语highlighting…对主句作进一步补充说明。

知识模块：段落翻译
3．家中度假(staycation)是指一个人或一家人待在家里休息，或者在离家不远的景点游览的一段时光。

人们在家中度假的原因很多。

如家庭预算紧张、出游成本不断攀升，或者孩子太小。

对于大多数中国人来说。

节假日期间景区人山人海，高速公路、城市道路拥堵(congestion)，是促使他们家中度假的两大主要原因。

常见的家中度假活动包括在家里招待朋友、游览当地的公园和博物馆，或参与当地一些节日活动等。

家中度假也可以丰富多彩，它将成为一种新的度假趋势。

正确答案： A staycation refers to a period in which an individual or a family stays at home for relaxing or takes trips to nearby tourist attractions. There are various reasons for people to take a staycation, like tight family budgets, rising travel costs or having very young kids. For the majority of Chinese people, overcrowded tourist sites, congestion on expressways and city roads during holidays are the two major factors contributing to their staycations. Common activities of a staycation include entertaining friends at home, visiting local parks and museums, and attending local festival celebrations. A staycation can be rich and colorful, and it will become a new
trend for vacation.
解析：1．第一句话中的主干结构为“家中度假是指……一段时光”，因为定语过长，可将定语处理成which引导的定语从句。

2．“如家庭预算紧张、出游成本不断攀升．或者孩子太小”具体列举人们在家中度假的原因，翻译“紧张”、“攀升”和“太小”时可采用“形容词+名词”的结构，即like tight family budgets，rising travel costs or having very young kids，比较符合英文表达习惯。

3．在“节假日期间景区人山人海，高速公路、城市道路拥堵，是促使他们家中度假的两大主要原因”一句中，“景区人山人海”和“高速公路、城市道路拥堵”都是主谓短语，可理解成“人山人海的景区”和“拥堵的高速公路、城市道路”，分别译作overcrowded tourist sites和congestion on expressways and city roads，符合英文中多用名词表达的语言特点。

4．最后一句由两个分句组成，可译为两个并列句，用连接词and连接。

知识模块：段落翻译
4．长城被称为中国的奇迹，拥有两千多年的历史。

从空中俯瞰，它像一条长龙。

从西向东蜿蜒前行，总长约6700公里。

从春秋战国时期(the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period)起，各诸侯国开始修建城墙以保护边境。

秦朝建立以后，秦始皇把这些城墙连接起来，成为长城。

然而，当时的长城大都已经在战争中损毁，而现存的长城主要是明朝时修建的。

长城最初是为了抵抗来自北方的侵略，如今已成为旅游胜地，吸引了来自世界各地的游客。

有句谚语：“不到长城非好汉”，足以见证长城的雄伟壮观(grandeur)。

正确答案：The Great Wall, with a history of more than 2,000 years, was regarded as a wonder of China. From a bird’s-eye view, it is just like a dragon winding itself from west to east, stretching for approximately 6,700 kilometers. Since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the walls had been put up to defend the borders by the kingdoms. After the founding of Qin Dynasty, Qin Shi Huang had all the walls joined together to make “The Great Wall”. While most of the walls were ruined in wars, the majority of the Great Wall we see today was mainly built during Ming Dynasty. The Great Wall, originally built to resist the invasion from the North, now has become a well-known place of interest, attracting tourists from all over the world. As a saying goes, “He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man”, which is evidence of its grandeur.
解析：1．第二句中的“从西向东蜿蜒前行，总长约6700公里”，描述的主语都是“它”——长城，故用现在分词短语winding…stretching…作状语，对长城做进一步说明；“总长”可在stretch for后面直接用数字表示。

2．第三句中的“各诸侯国开始修建城墙以保护边境”可译为主动态the kingdoms had built the walls to defend their borders，也可用the walls作主语，使用被动语态来表达。

3．倒数第二句中的“长城成为旅游胜地”可翻译为英文句的主干，“吸引了来自世界各地的游客”，用现在分词短语attracting…表伴随状况。

“最初是为了……”处理为过去分词短语originally built to…作目的状语。

4．最后一句话中，“有句谚语”可使用as a saying goes这一句型；“足以见证……”是对谚语的补充说明，可使用which引导的非限制性定语从句。

知识模块：段落翻译
5．中国的桥梁建设有着悠久的历史。

中国古代桥梁以木材和石头为主
要建筑材料，形式多样，极富特色。

中国现存最古老的桥梁为隋代建造的安济桥，位于河北省赵县。

安济桥又名赵州桥，桥长50．82米，桥宽9米，为国家重点保护的文物(cultural relic)。

清朝末年，兰州黄河铁桥建成，标志着中国桥梁建设进入了以钢铁和混凝土(concrete)为主要材料的时期。

如今，中国的桥梁建设保持着多项世界记录，中国跻身于世界桥梁建设强国行列。

正确答案：China boasts a long history in bridge construction. With wood and stone as the major building materials, Chinese ancient bridges vary in forms and are highly distinct. Constructed in the Sui Dynasty, Anji Bridge, which is located in Zhao County, Hebei Province, is the oldest existing bridge in China. Anji Bridge, also named Zhaozhou Bridge, is a key national protected cultural relic measuring a length of 50.82 meters and a width of 9 meters. In the late years of the Qing Dynasty, Huanghe Iron Bridge in Lanzhou was completed, symbolizing that China’s bridge construction stepped into an era of adopting steel and concrete as the main materials for bridges. Now, bearing many world records, China stands among world giants in bridge construction.
解析：l．第二句中的“以……为主要建筑材料”可处理为状语，用介词短语with．．．as the major building materials表达，而“中国古代桥梁”宜译为“形式多样，极富特色”的主语，谓语部分“形式多样，极富特色”可处理为并列内容，用and连接，表达为vary in forms and are highly distinct。

2．第三句“中国现存最古老的桥梁……位于河北省赵县”的定语较多，可以拆译成两句。

首先译出主要结构Anji Bridge is the bridge，“现存最古老的”有两个形容词，英语中的比较级或最高级形容词通常在其他形容词之前，故译为oldest existing。

“隋代建造的”可处理为过去分词短语constructed in the Sui Dynasty或which引导的定语从句。

3．第四句的主干是“安济桥为国家重点保护的文物”，故把“又名赵州桥”处理为插入语also named．．．；将“桥长50．82米，桥宽9米”处理为伴随状态的状语，用分词短语measuring a length of．．．and a width of．．．译出。

4．倒数第二句中的“兰州黄河铁桥”与“建成”之间是被动关系，翻译时需把“建成”译为被动式was completed。

“标志着中国……”是结果，故可处理为状语，用现在分词短语symbolizing that．．．表达。

定语“以钢铁和混凝土为主要材料的”较长，可处理为后置定语，用现在分词短语adopting…as the main materials表达，也可用介词短语with．．．as the main materials翻译。

知识模块：段落翻译。