《材料成型及控制工程专业英语阅读》翻译
材料成型及控制工程专业英语--4.PLASTIC--FORMING---PROCESSES--AND--DIES解析
As the phenomenon of superplasticity moves from the laboratory into the industrial arena, as in the case of a number of engineering metals, the need for quality and process control during superplastic forming becomes increasingly important.▪Translation Skill —Semantic Extension▪（翻译技巧——常见多功能词的译法）▪多功能词as，it，that，what在科技文章中广泛使用，出现频率很高，有必要提出来重点讨论。
➢as的译法；➢it的译法；➢that的译法；➢what的译法。
as的译法▪1.as 作为介词的译法●as 作为介词可引出主语补足语、宾语补足语、状语、同位语等，可译为“作为”、“为”、“以”、“是”、“当作”等。
●Fire protection engineers define the term explosion as an “effect”produced by a sudden violent expansion of gases.●We take steel as the leading engineering materials.译：消防工程师把爆炸定义为气体瞬时剧烈膨胀的效应。
译：我们把钢作为主要的工程材料。
▪2.as 作为关系代词的译法●as 作为关系代词可以单独使用，也可以与such ，the same等词搭配使用，引导定语从句。
●as单独使用，引导定语从句或省略定语从句时，可译为“正如”或“这”、“这样”等，有时as可略去不译。
●As known to us, inertia(惯性)is an absolute quality possessed by all bodies.●As have been found there are more than a hundred elements. 译：正如我们所知，惯性是所有物体都具有的一种绝对属性。
材料成型及控制工程专业英语
材料成型及控制工程专业英语Mechanical property机械性能austenitic奥氏体的martensite 马氏体Plastic deformation塑性变形stress concentrator应力集中点bar棒材beam线材sheet板材ductile可延展的stress relief应力松弛austenitie奥氏体 martensite马氏体normalize正火temper回火anneal正火harden淬火close-die forging模锻deformation rate变形速度diffusion扩散overheat过热Work hardening加工硬化dislocation density位错密度die模具residual strain残留应变as-forged锻造的injection mold注射模molding shop成型车间clamping force合模力grind磨削drop stamping锤上模锻nickel-base superalloy镍基合金insulation 隔热burr毛刺injection capacity注射容量deterioration变化、退化discrete不连续的abrasive磨损welding焊接metallurgical 冶金的Formation of austenite奥氏体转变The transformation of pearlite（珠光体）into austenite can only take place at the equilibrium critical point（临界温度）a very slow heating as follows from the Fe-C constitutional diagram（状态图）. under common conditions, the transformation is retarded and results in overheating,i.e.occurs at temperatures slightly higher than those indicated in the Fe-C diagram.The end of the transformation iS characterized by the formation of austenite and the dis—appearance of pearlite(ferrite+cementite)．This austenite is however inhomogeneous even in the volume of a single grain．In places earlier occupied by lamellae（层片）(or grains)of a pearlitic cementite，the content of carbon is greater than in places of ferritic lamellae．This is why the austenite just formed is inhomogeneous.In order to obtain homogeneous （均匀的）austenite，it is essential on heating not only to pass through the point of the end of pearlite to austenite transformation，but also to overheat the steel above that point and to allow a holding time to complete the diffusion（扩散） processes in aus-tenitie grains．为了获得均匀的奥氏体，在加热过程中通过珠光体的结束点向奥氏体转变是必要的，而且对过热刚以上的点，允许持续一定时间来完成奥氏体晶粒的扩撒过程。
材料成型及控制工程专业英语-_3.PRINCINPLES_OF_PLASTIC_FORMING
亚结构（substructure），泛指晶体内部的错位排 列和分布；特指晶体划分为取向差不大（从秒到度 数量级）的亚晶粒，其晶粒间界可以归结为错位的 行列或网络(见位错)。
终轧温度 （finish-rolling temperature）是指热轧 板带离开最后一道精轧机时的温度；而之后的卷取 温度是指板带到达卷取机时的温度，这两个温度对 热轧板带成材后的金相组织、晶粒大小有着极大影 响，从而对其机械性能影响巨大。
dynamic softening 动态软化
static recovery 静态回复 recrystallization 再结晶 thermally activated 热激活的 dislocation density 位错密度
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CHAPTER 3
PRINCIPLES OF PLASTIC FORMING
3.2 Subgrain and Dislocation Strengthening
precipitation沉淀物
tow phase region 两相区
restoration index回复指标
systematic study 系统研究
microalloyed steel 微合金钢
linear dependence 线性关系 misorientation 取向错误 perpendicular垂直的，正交的 axis轴，轴线
这些问题的答案决定了材料在进入下一个和随后的加工过程 时的结构，从而影响材料的流动应力和所需要的作用力。并 最终确定的热加工产品的结构和性能。
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CHAPTER 3
PRINCIPLES OF PLASTIC FORMING
材料成型及控制工程专业英语--1.MATERIALS-AND-THEIR-PROPERTIES
1.1 Metals and Non-metalsWords and termsdefinite－确定的、明确的defect－缺陷plastic deformation塑性变形stress concentrator 应力集中点self-strengthening自强化the tip of a crock裂纹尖端☐Among numerous properties possessed by materials，their mechanical properties，in the majority of cases，are the most essential and therefore，they will be given much consideration in the book．☐在一些主要应用场合，机械性能是材料的各种性能中最重要的性能，因此，本书中将重点讨论。
▪consideration 考虑，需要考虑的事项，报酬☐All critical parts and elements，of which a high reliability （可靠性）is required，are made of metals, rather than of glass，plastics or stone.☐由于各种关键零部件的可靠性要求高，均用金属而不是玻璃、塑料或石头制造。
▪is required 翻译时将英文中的被动语态，改译为汉语中的主动语态。
▪rather than 而不是☐As has been given in Sec.1-1，metals are characterized by the metallic bond（金属键），where positive ions （正离子）occupy the sites of the crystal lattice （晶格）and are surrounded by electron gas（电子云）．☐正如Sec1-1中所说，金属主要由金属键组成（其特征主要……）。
材料成型及控制工程专业英语--2.-HEAT-TREATMENT-OF-STEEL
▪The role of heat treatment in modern mechanical engineering can not be overestimated.▪The changes in the properties of metals due to heat treatment are of extremely great significance.热处理在现代机械工程中的作用不可能评价的过高。
由热处理而产生的性能改变是特别重要的。
☐2.1.1 temperature and time 温度和时间The purpose of any heat treating process is to produce the desired changes in the structure of metal by heating to a specified temperature and by subsequent cooling.▪任何热处理的目的都是（通过）将金属加热到一定的温度并(随后)冷却,以使金属组织产生所需变化。
☐2.1.1温度和时间Therefore, the main factors acting in heat treatment aretemperature and time, so that any process of heattreatment can be represented in temperature-time ( t-r ) coordinates.▪因此，热处理的主要因素是温度和时间，所以任何热处理工艺都以用温度-时间为坐标轴进行表示。
☐热处理工艺主要有以下几个参数：加热温度t max ，既合金加热的最高温度；在加热温度下的保温时间；加热速率和冷却速率。
▪Heat treatment conditions are characterized by the following parameters: heating temperature t max , i.e. the maximum temperature to which an alloy metal is heated; time of holding at the heating temperature ; heating rate and cooling rate .▪☐如果以不变速率加热或冷却，则温度和时间的关系可以具有不同倾斜角的直线。
材料成型及控制工程专业英语及翻译解读
最新消息1-2the benefits of civilization which we enjoy today are essentiallydue to the improved quality of products available to us .文明的好处我们享受今天本质上是由于改进质量的产品提供给我们。
the improvement in the quality of goods can be achieved with proper design that takes into consideration the functional requirement as well as its manufacturing aspects. 提高商品的质量可以达到与适当的设计,考虑了功能要求以及其制造方面。
The design process that would take proper care of the manufacturing process as well would be the ideal one. This would ensure a better product being made available at an economical cost.设计过程中,将采取适当的照顾的生产过程将是理想的一个。
这将确保更好的产品被使可得到一个经济成本。
Manufacturing is involved in turning raw materials to finished products to be used for some purpose. 制造业是参与将原材料到成品用于某些目的。
In the present age there have been increasing demands on the product performance by way of desirable exotic properties such as resistance to high temperatures, higher speeds and extra loads.在现在的时代已经有越来越多的产品性能要求的理想的异国情调的性能如耐高温,更高的速度和额外的负载These in turn would require a variety of new materials and its associated processing.这些反过来需要各种新材料及其相关的处理Also, exacting working conditions that are desired in the modern industrial operations make large demands on the manufacturing industry.这些反过来需要各种新材料及其相关的处理。
材料成型及控制工程专业的专业英语翻译
polystyrene (PS) 聚苯乙烯；poly-tetra-fluoro-ethylene （PTFE）聚四氟乙烯；vacuum forming吸塑；ram injection moulding machine柱塞式注射成型机；计算机辅助设计computer aided design；热塑性塑料thermoplastics；ram injection moulding machines；模具维持费用；聚合物分子的几何形状the geometrical form of polymer molecule；模具设计die design；注射成型机injection moulding；热处理heart treatment；抗拉强度tensile serength；对焊buttwelding；自由锻open die forging；粉末冶金powder metalurgy；注射模塑injection molding；线状聚合物linear polymer；球化spheroidzing；正火normalizing；回火tempering；临界温度critical temperature。
1. The time has probably come to adapt a new name more worthy of the exciting range of polymer materials with many different properties which are available to engineers.目前塑料定义已可能迎来新的术语，以阐述具有不同属性可用于工程领域的聚合物材料。
2.It should be noticed that compression moulding would be impracticable for thermoplastics which have no curing stage during which a chemical reaction take place; because the mould would require cooling each cycle in order to allow the component to harden sufficiently for extraction. 需要指出的是，热塑性塑料压缩成型是不可行的。
材料成型及控制工程专业英语--1.MATERIALS-AND-THEIR-PROPERTIES解析
1.1 Metals and Non-metalsWords and termsdefinite－确定的、明确的defect－缺陷plastic deformation塑性变形stress concentrator 应力集中点self-strengthening自强化the tip of a crock裂纹尖端☐Among numerous properties possessed by materials，their mechanical properties，in the majority of cases，are the most essential and therefore，they will be given much consideration in the book．☐在一些主要应用场合，机械性能是材料的各种性能中最重要的性能，因此，本书中将重点讨论。
▪consideration 考虑，需要考虑的事项，报酬☐All critical parts and elements，of which a high reliability （可靠性）is required，are made of metals, rather than of glass，plastics or stone.☐由于各种关键零部件的可靠性要求高，均用金属而不是玻璃、塑料或石头制造。
▪is required 翻译时将英文中的被动语态，改译为汉语中的主动语态。
▪rather than 而不是☐As has been given in Sec.1-1，metals are characterized by the metallic bond（金属键），where positive ions （正离子）occupy the sites of the crystal lattice （晶格）and are surrounded by electron gas（电子云）．☐正如Sec1-1中所说，金属主要由金属键组成（其特征主要……）。
材料成型及控制工程专业英语版介绍-完整版-狂砍幸福
Material molding and control engineering research through the hot working to change the microstructural structure, macro properties and surface shape, the hot working process of the relevant technological factors on the influence of the materials, solve the molding process development, molding equipment, process optimization theory and method. The die design theory and method, the mould manufacturing of material, heat treatment, processing methods. This subject is the development of national economy of pillar industry.This specialized raise has materials science and engineering theory basis, material molding process and control engineering, mould design and manufacture professional knowledge, can in machinery, mould, material molding manufacture engaged in scientific research, application development, technology and equipment for the design, manufacturing and operation management, the advanced engineering and technical personnel and management personnel. This major is divided into two training module:(1)welding forming and control:Training to adapt to the needs of society, grasp the basic theory of welding forming, metal material welding, welding inspection, welding methods and equipment, welding production management comprehensive knowledge of the senior technical personnel.(2) the mold design and manufacturing:Master the material plastic forming the basic theory, the die design and manufacture, die computer-aided design, materials such as plastic processing production management comprehensive knowledge of the senior technical personnel.The professional bachelor's, master's with PhD degree of engineering and architecture, students can choose to further study. Students can to machinery manufacturing, automotive and shipping manufacture, metal and rubber and plastic materials processing, etc and welding material molding, engaged in the mould design and manufacturing, and related control of the production process, technical development, scientific research, business management, trade marketing, etc. This major wide employment, the market demand, the employment situation is good.Material molding and control engineering is the predecessor of the metal casting professional. The early liberation, China's metal materials professional belongs to the discipline of the machinery, metal forming belong to major in mechanical engineering. Due to the needs of the development of the industry, our country in the early days of the steel smelting level and scale improve soon, corresponding promoted the metal especially steel molding the professional development. Beijing steel institute (now the Beijing science and technology university), wuhan iron and steel institute, shenyang mechanical engineering college is China's earlier a batch of metal forming research institutions. Other universities in the mechanical engineering also have metal casting molding subject, these professional training for our country in the early days of a large number of socialist construction personnel. The-60-s, under the help of the Soviet union, China's rapid development of industry, the corresponding molding the professional have gained great achievements, all kinds of machine manufacturing needs a lot of metal parts, and these parts of the strength and hardness and size requirement enhances unceasingly, metal forming level and therefore get improved a lot.At present, the material molding and control engineering has become one of the components materials to an important process, the modern industrial development on parts of the performance requirements more and more high, some application of materials depends not only on the material itself all sorts of function, but also on its mechanical properties can be processed. Therefore, material molding industry has been accompanied by the development of new high technology ceaselessly. In the 90 s, China has built a large number of modern material molding enterprise, make our country material processing standards have been raised, some export added value of products improve. At present our country some enterprise production of stamping, stretch forming parts already exported to Japan motor corporation the company of affiliation, Toshiba corporation the company of affiliation, Fuji, motor, kawasakiheavy industries, wu mountain instrument corporation and other enterprise. By cold forming, hot extrusion process of copper pipe production has been exported to the United States, Germany and Australia and other countries.Our country material molding and control technology is still needs further development, computer control forming technology in our country at present is still in the initial stage, and in this industry the technology level of our country in the world still is backward, and our country to this domain product demand is big rise, thereby material molding field would be in the next few years for considerable development. 21 century information industry, material industry, the energy industry will be the national production of the three pillar industries, and material molding and control technology material industry is one of the important parts, it would involve all fields of national production.。
材料成型及控制工程的英语
材料成型及控制工程的英语Material forming and its control engineering is a fascinating field that deals with the transformation of raw materials into finished products. It's all about understanding the science behind how materials behave when they're shaped, heated, cooled, or pressed.In this discipline, we play with the physics and chemistry of materials, pushing their limits to create strong, durable, and sometimes even aesthetically pleasing structures. It's like being a sculptor, but with metals, plastics, and alloys instead of clay.Control engineering, on the other hand, adds the precision and automation to the process. It's about designing systems that monitor and adjust the variablesthat affect material forming – temperature, pressure, speed – to ensure consistency and quality.When you're in the workshop, it's all hands-on. You canfeel the vibration of the machines, smell the heat of the molten metal, and hear the satisfying click when a partfits perfectly. But it's not just about the physical aspect; it's also about the intellectual challenge of solving problems and finding innovative solutions.For me, the best part is seeing the finished product –that car part, that medical implant, or that high-tech gadget – and knowing that I played a role in bringing itto life. It's a reminder that material forming and control engineering is not just about science and engineering; it's about making a difference in the real world.。
材料成型及控制工程专业英语--4.PLASTIC--FORMING---PROCESSES--AND--DIES
As the phenomenon of superplasticity moves from the laboratory into the industrial arena, as in the case of a number of engineering metals, the need for quality and process control during superplastic forming becomes increasingly important.▪Translation Skill —Semantic Extension▪（翻译技巧——常见多功能词的译法）▪多功能词as，it，that，what在科技文章中广泛使用，出现频率很高，有必要提出来重点讨论。
as的译法；it的译法；that的译法；what的译法。
as的译法▪1.as 作为介词的译法●as 作为介词可引出主语补足语、宾语补足语、状语、同位语等，可译为“作为”、“为”、“以”、“是”、“当作”等。
●Fire protection engineers define the term explosion as an “effect”produced by a sudden violent expansion of gases.●We take steel as the leading engineering materials.译：消防工程师把爆炸定义为气体瞬时剧烈膨胀的效应。
译：我们把钢作为主要的工程材料。
▪2.as 作为关系代词的译法●as 作为关系代词可以单独使用，也可以与such ，the same等词搭配使用，引导定语从句。
●as单独使用，引导定语从句或省略定语从句时，可译为“正如”或“这”、“这样”等，有时as可略去不译。
●As known to us, inertia(惯性)is an absolute quality possessed by all bodies.●As have been found there are more than a hundred elements. 译：正如我们所知，惯性是所有物体都具有的一种绝对属性。
专业主干课程翻译—材料成型及控制...
专业主干课程翻译—材料成型及控制工程（Major course translation - material shaping and control engineering）The main courses of translation materials and molding - control engineering.Txt9 love is a drop of dew, kiss the dry soil, rain it with warmth, with a diamond firm, looking forward to the flashing light of the broken soil fertility; a freezing point of love in life is not, it is a flowing river, the river we have created a beautiful scene in life. Translation of major courses -- material molding and control engineeringMaterial forming and control engineeringHigher mathematics Advanced MathematicsLinear algebra Linear AlgebraProbability and mathematical statistics Probability and StatisticsMathematics experiment Calculus ExperimentsComplex function and integral transformation Plural Function and Integration changeCalculation method Method of CalculationUniversity Physics College PhysicsCollege physics experiment Experiments in PhysicsPhysical chemistry Physic ChemicalsEngineering Chemistry Engineering ChemicalsIntroduction to engineering Introduction of EngineeringDescriptive geometry and mechanical drawing Descriptive Geometry and Mechanical Drawing basisTooling design (CAD) Design of Welding DeviceComputer application foundation Fundamentals of Computer ApplicationThe Base Of Mechanical Manufacture Technology of mechanical manufacturing technologyFundamentals of materials science Fundamentals of Materials ScienceTheoretical mechanics Theoretical MechanicsElectrical technology Electricity FoundationProcess Foundation of Material FormationElectronic technology Electronic TechnologyMaterial mechanics Mechanics of MaterialsMaterial forming control base Control Foundation of MaterialFormationMechanical properties of materials Mechanical Properties of MaterialsProgramming foundation and Visual C++ application Basis of Programmer and Visual C++Heat transfer and mass transfer Heat and Mass TransferMechanical design basis Fundamentals of Machine DesignPrinciple and application of microcomputer Micro-Computer Principle and ApplicationApplication of computer in material science and engineering Application Of Computer to Materials Science. and Engineering.Nondestructive testing (material forming) Non-Destructive TestMaterial elastic plastic foundation Elastic-plastic Fundamentals of MaterialsApplication of finite element method in material science and engineering Applications of FEM to MaterialsMaterial shaping sensing and signal processing technology Sensors & Signal Processing of MaterialMaterial forming Mechatronics Materials WorkingMech-electronicsSurface engineering technology Surface Engineering TechnologyElectronic information retrieval Information Research InternetInformation acquisition and publishing technology Internet Information Access and PublicationWelding methods and equipment Method and Equipment of Welding Arc welding power supply Power of Arc WeldingWelding structure Welded StructureWelding principle Principle of Melted WeldingWeldability of metal Weldability of MetalsSafety assessment of welded structures Safety Assessment of Welded StructureWelding stress and deformation control Controlling of Welding Stress and DeformationConnection of advanced materials Joining of Advanced Materials Modern welding technology Modern Welding Technology Pressure Welding for pressure weldingSpecial welding Special Welding焊接生产焊接制造材料及材料的焊接行为材料和焊接材料的行为焊接工艺及设备焊接工艺与设备焊接结构设计焊接结构设计焊接结构生产制造生产焊接结构专业外语焊接专用英语焊接结构生产制造生产焊接结构焊接工艺及设备焊接工艺与设备材料及材料的焊接行为材料和焊接材料的行为基本实践操作操作在制造过程中的质量控制加工过程质量控制材料成型方法与设备材料形成方法和设备计算机控制软件计算机控制软件自动控制系统的设计自动控制系统设计电路设计基础电路设计基础材料成型自动控制基础自动控制材料成型电力电子器件及控制电力电子器件和控制先进材料的连接先进材料连接表面工程技术表面工程技术可编程控制器原理及应用原理及PLC应用现代焊接技术现代焊接技术在制造过程中的质量控制加工过程质量控制材料成型方法与设备材料形成方法和设备计算机控制软件计算机控制软件自动控制系统的设计自动控制系统设计电路设计基础电路设计基础专业外语自动控制专业英语材料成型自动控制基础自动控制材料成型计算机控制计算机控制技术技术电力电子器件及控制电力电子器件和控制先进材料的连接先进材料连接表面工程技术表面工程技术可编程控制器原理及应用原理及PLC应用现代焊接技术现代焊接技术工程热力学工程热力学成型过程数值模拟成型过程的数值模拟流体力学基础流体力学基础模具制造工艺学模具制造技术微机械制造及技术微机械制造技术专业外语锻造专业英语冲压设备及自动化成形设备及自动化快速原型及制造技术快速原型制造技术。
材料成型及控制工程专业英语翻译(William D. Callister,Jr)
第一章前言1.1 历史展望材料在我们的文化中比我们认识到的还要根深蒂固。
如交通、房子、衣物，通讯、娱乐和食物的生产，实际上，我们日常生活中的每一部分都或多或少地受到材料的影响。
历史上,社会的发展及进步与那些能满足社会需要的材料的生产及操作能力密切相关。
实际上，早期的文明就以材料的发展水平来命名，如石器时代，铜器时代。
早期人们能得到的只有一些很有限的天然材料，如石头、木材、粘土等。
渐渐地，他们发现了用于生产优于自然材料的新材料的技术，这些新材料包括陶器和各类金属。
进一步地，人们发现材料的性质可以通过热处理或加入其他物质来改变。
在这点上，材料的应用完全是一个选择的过程。
也就是说，在一系列非常有限的材料中，根据材料的优点选择一种最适合某种应用的材料。
直到最近，科学家才终于了解材料的结构要素与其特性之间的关系。
这种在过去的 60年左右获得的知识在很大程度上使得人们能够赋予材料特征。
因此，成千上万的发展了独特性能的材料通过其特殊的性质得以发展来满足我们现代复杂的社会需要；这些材料包括：金属，塑料，玻璃和纤维。
很多使我们生活舒适的技术的发展与适宜材料的获得密切相关。
对一类材料理解的提升通常是一种技术逐步进步的先兆。
比如，没有便宜的钢制品或其他替代品就没有汽车。
在现代，复杂的电子器件取决于所谓的半导体零件。
1.2 材料科学与工程材料科学学科涉及研究材料的结构和性质之间的关系。
相反，材料工程是根据材料的结构和性质的联系来设计或操纵材料的结构以求制造出一系列可预定的性质。
本书将注意力集中在材料性质和结构元素的关系上。
“structure”一词是个需要被解释的模糊.术语。
简单地说，材料的结构通常与其内在成分的排列有关。
亚原子结构涉及单个原子内的电子以及原子核间的相互作用。
在原子水平上，结构包括原子或分子与其他相关的原子或分子的组织。
在更大的结构领域上，其包括大的原子团，这些原子团通常聚集在一起，称为“微观”结构，意思是可以使用某种显微镜直接观察得到的结构。
材料成型及控制工程 科目英文
材料成型及控制工程科目英文Materials Forming and Control Engineering is a specialized subject that focuses on the various processes involved in shaping and controlling materials to create desired products. It is a multidisciplinary field that combines knowledge from mechanical engineering, materials science, and industrial design.The aim of Materials Forming and Control Engineering is to explore the different methods and techniques utilized in the manufacturing industry to shape materials into specific forms. This includes processes such as casting, molding, extrusion, forging, and sheet metal forming. These processes are crucial in the production of a wide range of products, from automotive parts to kitchen appliances. One aspect of Materials Forming and Control Engineering is the study of material properties and behavior during the forming process. Researchers in this field investigate how materials respond to external forces, such as heat and pressure, and how they deform and change shape. This knowledge is essential in determining the optimal process parameters and ensuring high-quality product outcomes.Another important aspect is the development of control systems for manufacturing processes. Engineers in this field design and implement control algorithms and systems to regulate the various parameters involved in the forming process, such as temperature, pressure, speed, and timing. These control systems aim to ensure consistent and precise shaping of materials, reducing waste and improving productivity.Moreover, Materials Forming and Control Engineering also addresses the challenges related to material defects and quality control. Engineers study the causes of defects, such as cracks, voids, and surface imperfections, and develop strategies to minimize their occurrence. They also design inspection methods and quality control processes to detect and eliminate defective products during manufacturing.The advancements in computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) technologies have significantly contributed to the field of Materials Forming and Control Engineering. These tools enable engineers to simulate and analyze the forming process digitally, optimizing the design and manufacturing parameters before the actual production begins. This helps in reducing costs, improving efficiency, and enhancing product quality.In conclusion, Materials Forming and Control Engineering plays a vital role in the manufacturing industry by exploring and applying various methods and technologies to shape and control materials. It encompasses the study of material behavior, the development of control systems, and the implementation of quality control processes. With continuous advancements in technology, this field is constantly evolving to meet the demands of modern manufacturing and drive innovation.。
材料成型及控制工程专业英语翻译
材料成型及控制工程专业英语翻译1.1 制造工艺我们如今所享受到的文明的好处从本质上来说是源于我们所能利用的产品质量的提高。
产品质量的提高可以通过包括功能和制造方面的需求的合理设计来获得。
设计过程会合理的考虑使用同样理想的制造工艺。
这可以保证产品在经济的成本下制得。
制造就是将未加工的材料转变为为某种目的而使用的成品。
以往我们对材料的一些外部性能如耐高温，耐高速，和高负荷的要求不断提高这反过来也需要一系列的新材料和与之关联的工艺过程。
而且，现代工业操作所需要的外部环境也对制造工业有很大要求。
而且制造过程的经济性是一个很重要的考量，为了在现代环境侠可行，一件产品必须在出功能与美学要求外完全定价。
所以对一个工程师来说考虑到制造的各个方面是必须的。
制造工艺是一个很基础的课题，因为他不仅涉及到制造工程师的利益，事实上也关乎几乎所有工程学科的利益。
之所以如此是因为工程是一个为人类消费提供各种材料的整体。
对许多如化学工业，文职，电力，电气，纺织等需要的工业机器制造工艺都是至关重要的部分、因此对制造工艺的详尽的了解对每一个工程师来说都是必要的。
这可以帮组他来判别各种制造工艺的性能，优缺点。
这反过来也对他对所需产品的合理设计有所帮助。
首先他能够从它的设计来评估制造的可行性。
他也可以找到不止一种制造过程来生产一件特殊的产品，从而对能以最低的制造成本来造出所需质量的产品的工艺做出合理的选择。
他也可以轻微地修改它的设计部来适应他所选择的制造工艺。
制造被韦伯词典定义为：制造出可供使用的产品。
直到18世纪末的第一次工业革命制造仍然被定义为生产小体积，低价格的产品的手工工艺。
个别的部件的生产和整体装配需要高度熟练的手工艺。
在任何机器都没有的情况下，缓慢而昂贵是唯一可能发生的情况，蒸汽机和燃煤火炉的使用使大量蒸汽驱动的机器被发明，从而极大增加制造能力。
这一时期出现了大量与机器有关的发明，并持续至19世纪末。
至19世纪末随着电力和更好的工程材料的发明，机器操作变得更具生产力。
材料成型级控制工程专业英语阅读
材料成型级控制工程专业英语阅读1.2.1 Plain Carbon Steel 普通碳钢Hot-rolled steel delivered （供给）by steelmaking works as rolled sections(bars, beams，sheets．tubes，etc) is the most wildly used material for manufacture of various machines，machine tools, building structures，consumer goods，etc．Delivered steel should have the properties as specified by State Standards（国家标准）．钢铁制造车间供给的热轧钢主要为棒材、柱材、板材、管材等，热轧钢是制造各种机械、机器工具、建筑结构和消费品中应用最广泛的材料。
所供给的钢应具有国家标准规定的各种性能。
In the RSSU．Plain carbon steels are classified into three groups：A, B and C，depending on their application.在RSSU中，普通碳钢根据其用途分为A、B、C三类。
A: If a steel is to be used for making products without hot working (welding, Forging．Etc.). Its structure and properties in the final product will be the same as delivered from the rolling mill．In that case the user requests for a steel of warranted（保证）mechanical properties，while the chemical composition is not guaranteed（保证、担保）．A:如果钢在制造产品的过程中没有进行热加工（焊接、锻造等），则最终产品的组织和性能将与轧厂提供的相同。
材料成型及控制工程专业英语阅读翻译
第 5 章塑料成型及模具5. 1. 1 注塑模具5.1.1 一般注塑成型技术的处理器的持续发展的要求越来越多。
注塑成型过程中最重要的问题无疑是正确的注射。
因为设计成型形状的影响不大，如有的建设最多样化的注塑部件的机器。
高效的生产主要取决于注塑模具。
模具的耐久性取决于他们的护理和治疗。
由于总是硬化和地面的运动部件和模具型腔，他们之间产生500000和100000000张。
为了便于建设，降低制造成本，注塑模具成为标准化.一些公司提供基本现成的方形或圆形，立即使用. 只需插入标准或卸料板模具设计的基础，那么，必须安装到基础。
5.1.2 个基本模具结构5.1.2.1 工作原理注塑模具基本上由两个半形. 模具的一半包含浇道衬套和热流道系统，喷射系统。
成型部分是设在分界线另一半的房子。
5.1.2.2 单或者多腔模具要成立一个关于在注塑模具型腔的选择计算，需要准确掌握的材料，要处理的注塑机和模具。
蛀牙和相对整机成本decrease.The 生产对于一个给定的成型零件所需的时间越来越多的模具成本增加，取决于壁厚，注射速度，回收率，冷却dolded 材料所需的时间，冷却模具的能力和保压时间期限，如必要的附带倍，射血时间，延迟时间等。
因此，决定确定的腔数取决于：（1）尺寸（成型零件的数量，交货时间顺序）（2）形状的模具零件（尺寸质量要求）（3）注塑机（锁模力，塑化和注射容量）（4）模具成本有几个已知的程序计算腔的经济。
不幸的是，他们是如此不同，这是不可能的凝结。
作为一个例子：理论最大。
腔数是F2必须等于或比F1小。
F1是: 注塑模具的注射模成型车间成型车间，造型车间注塑成型注射成形的研磨（地上，地下）磨削，磨光单型腔模具单型腔注射模的多腔腔达到词语和术语的最大数量模多型腔注射模的阻尼力夹紧力; 合模力塑化（使）成为可塑;（使）可塑注射容量注射容量。
5.1.3 三板式注射模具三板式注射模具是具有两个分型面的注射模具，这种模具带有浇口，也就是直浇道在模型中和塑件相分离。
《材料成型及控制工程 专业英语阅读 》翻译
第一章材料及其性能1。
1金属和非金属许多属性具有材料之一，其机械性能，在大多数情况下，是最重要的，因此，他们将在本书太多的考虑。
所有关键部件和元件，其中一个高可靠性的要求，都是用金属制作的，而不是玻璃，塑料或石头。
已升了SEC，金属的特点是金属键；在正离子占据晶格的网站和周围的电子气。
所有非金属离子和共价键。
这些类型的债券是刚性的，是由于两个不同的电荷离子的静电引力。
由于金属键，金属塑性变形能力和自我强化的塑性变形。
因此，如果在一个物质或者元素的形状是这样，有应力集中的缺陷，在这些点上的应力可以达到一个巨大的价值，甚至导致开裂。
但是，由于材料的塑性越高，金属在塑性变形这一点，说，在裂纹尖端，经过强化，骨折的过程中，涉及到一个逮捕。
这不是在非金属发生。
他们是不可能的塑性变形和自我强化；因此，裂缝将尽快在缺损的尖端的应力超过一定值时发生。
这些事实说明为什么金属是可靠的结构材料和不可超越的非金属材料。
1。
2铁合金以上的人类使用的金属材料，重量90%铁合金。
这代表了范围广泛的组织工程材料的一个巨大的家庭及相关性质。
工程设计要求结构承重或电力传输大多数涉及铁合金。
作为一个实际问题，这些合金分为基于碳在合金成分两大类。
钢通常包含在0。
05和2重量%的碳。
铸铁通常含有2和4.5重量%的碳之间。
在钢的范畴，我们应当区分是否显着量的合金元素碳以外的使用。
的组合物的5重量%的总的非碳的加入将作为低合金高合金钢之间的边界。
这些合金元素都经过精心挑选，因为他们总是带来大幅增加材料成本。
只有在性能如强度高、耐蚀性能提高的改进证明他们是必不可少的。
2。
钢的热处理的1原则热处理在现代机械工程的作用不能被高估。
在因热处理金属性能的变化是极为重要的意义。
2。
1。
1温度和时间目的的任何热处理工艺是通过加热到指定的温度和随后的冷却产生在金属结构所需的变化。
因此，在热处理的主要因素是温度和时间，所以，任何热处理过程可以在温度时间（Tτ）坐标表示热处理条件的特点是通过以下参数：加热温度T最大，即为合金金属加热的最高温度；在加热温度τH保温时间；加热速率νH和冷却速率如果加热（或冷却）是在一个恒定的速率，温度时间关系会以各自的角度倾斜的直线描述。