四川2018-2019学年高中英语上学期第7周周训练题

四川省宜宾市一中2018-2019学年高中英语上学期第7周周训练题
双向细目表
Module 4 Great Scientists 单元测试题
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A
Mother Nature knows best. But she’s not always generous with her secrets. Sometimes she only tells them to the most careful observers.
George de Mestral was a Swiss engineer who enjoyed walking with his dog in the woods. One day, after a walk, he looked down and saw some seeds (种子) stuck to his trousers. He was a little bit angry because the seeds were hard to remove. He pulled a few of the seeds off of his trousers and examined them under a microscope (显微镜). What he saw amazed him: tiny hooks (钩子) on the ends of the seeds. De Mestral saw a new way to stick things together and keep them attached.
He was inspired (启示) to turn his accidental discovery into a useful product. He borrowed money from a bank, gave up his job, and gave all of his time and energy to the task. At first, people refused to take him, and the idea, seriously. He took his idea to a weaving (编织) center, where he did manage to get the help of one weaver, who made two products out of cotton that worked. However, the cotton wore out quickly. Finally, by using nylon instead of cotton, he made his invention work. It took ten years to develop it. He called it Velcro.
Today, Velcro is used everywhere: in shoes, purses, and children’s toys. We can thank de Mestral for discovering and developing a wonderful way to attach things. But the real thanks should go to nature for making the secret known.
21. What gave de Mestral the idea for inventing Velcro?
A. The thick woods.
B. The sticky seeds.
C. His trousers.
D. His dog.
22. What does the underlined part “the task” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Looking for a new job.
B. Finding a useful material.
C. Raising enough money for his experiment.
D. Developing a product to stick things together.
23. What is the best title for the text?
A. Velcro: An Invention Inspired by Nature
B. Mother Nature: The Perfect Designer
C. Lessons Learned from Nature
D. The Mother of Invention
B
Christopher Charles studied Health Science at a university in Canada. After graduation, he went to Cambodia and lived in a small village. There, he studied a serious health condition called anaemia (贫血症). People with anaemia do not have enough iron in their bodies. Charles did blood tests on many people and discovered something shocking. About 90% of women and children had anaemia. He knew he could not leave Cambodia.
Iron medicine is the usual treatment for anaemia, but it costs a lot. Cooking with iron pots (锅) could help because it would release (释放) iron into every meal. But iron pots are heavy and expensive. Also, food goes bad if it is left in an iron pot. So Charles added an iron bar to a cooking pot. It didn’t cost much money and it did release lots of iron. However, instead of cooking with it, people used it to hold down papers or support a table with a broken leg.
Finally Charles created the iron fish. People in Cambodia eat fish every day and they believe fish are lucky. So people are willing to put the iron fish in their cooking pots.
It turned out that the iron fish not only improved people’s health, but also helped the local economy. People who use the iron fish miss fewer days at work. And some people even get jobs from the iron fish. They make and supply the iron fish.
More and more people are using the lucky iron fish in Cambodia now. But anaemia is a worldwide problem, which affects one in three people in the world. In some places people do not eat fish. Charles says this is not a problem. “The iron could be shaped in a different form. What is important is that it is right for each culture. So people will use it and it will improve their lives,” he sa ys.
24. Why did Charles decide to stay in Cambodia?
A. He graduated from a university there.
B. He was kindly requested to stay by the locals.
C. He was attracted by the small village.
D. He wanted to solve a health problem there.
25. What was the problem with the iron bar for treating anaemia?
A. It could easily make food go bad.
B. People found other uses for it.
C. It didn’t release enough iron.
D. People couldn’t afford it.
26. How did the local people feel about using the iron fish?
A. Pleased.
B. Bored.
C. Puzzled.
D. Shocked.
27. What does Charles mean by his words in the last paragraph?
A. The iron fish can be used for treating anaemia worldwide.
B. A treatment does not work unless it is acceptable.
C. Fish is an important part of Cambodian culture.
D. Anaemia is not so serious as people think.
C
“That one looks just like a sheep! And look over there. That one looks like a horse!” Do you remember lying on your back in a grassy field on a summer afternoon, discovering the soft shapes in the clouds in the sky? Those were the good old days when you could see anything and everything in the clouds.
But now people look at the sky and see clouds in the shape of a motor company’s advertising logo (标识), or a message inviting them to go out and buy a certain brand (品牌) of beer. These cloud pictures are not products of their imaginations. Instead, they are produced by a machine. These new floating advertisements are called Flogos; the name stands for “floating logos.”T hey’re made from a mixture of soapy foam (泡沫) and a lighter-than-air gas such as helium, and they can be made into different sizes and shapes depending on the advertisement.
Flogos can last up to an hour if weather conditions are good, and they can fly several kilometers high. Advertisers can rent a Flogo machine for $2,500 a day. The set-up is normally performed within 1 to 2 hours, and it will release four Flogos per minute. Advertisers can fill the air with any shape or message they want.
Some people are worried that the Flogos might not be pollution-free. However, the Flogo’s inventor insists that the soap he uses is natural, and that a Flogo just dissipates in the air, leaving nothing behind. Though it may be true that Flogos are environmentally friendly, some people believe that the natural clouds in our memory may be replaced by man-made ones. They are afraid that soon there will be nowhere left where their imaginations can float freely.
28. The author mentions the animal-like clouds to show that _____.
A. clouds remind us of the good old days
B. clouds can become any interesting shape
C. weather conditions were much better in the past
D. people observed the sky more carefully in the old days
29. What do we know about Flogos?
A. They are made out of air and gas.
B. They are purely imaginary products.
C. They were produced by a motor company.
D. They are flying designs used for advertising.
30. What does the underlined word “dissipates” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Hides.
B. Travels.
C. Remains.
D. Disappears.
31. We can infer from the end of the text that some people _____.
A. believe what the Flogo’s inventor says
B. prefer the new floating advertisements to others
C. fear that Flogos will leave nothing to their imaginations
D. hope that companies will advertise by using natural clouds
D
Isabella Milbank
People often comment (评论) that I’ve always got my head in a book. I just find that reading is such a great way to pass boring moments. I’ll read almost anything, but on the whole, I am likely to go for books that have received praise from a newspaper or magazine. And I guess I’d have to say that my favourite kinds of books are modern thrillers. The very best ones are those that keep you guessing right up until the end. Henry Crawford
I read modern novels, but generally, I prefer the classics, by authors like Dickens and Eliot, for example. However, no one compares to Jane Austen! People are often surprised when I tell them that Jane Austen is my favourite author because they think she only wrote romantic (浪漫的) novels. Her books do deal with love and marriage, but on the whole, they’re actually more about general relationships and human nature.
Emily Hawthorne
I used to read a lot of romantic novels. Now, I’m interested in biographies (传记). I’ve read about many different kinds of people. I enjoy autobiographies, too, but I sometimes wonder how true a picture they actually paint. I mean, if you wrote about yourself, you’d probably try to leave out anything tha t showed you in a bad light. In this case you’re more likely to get a more rounded picture of a person by reading a well-researched biography.
Ian Reed
I enjoy reading books that I can learn something from. Books about historical events or political proble ms, for example. I realise these kinds of books aren’t everyone’s cup of tea, but it’s a pity that many people don’t give them a try. I admit that in the past they could often be a bit tricky to read, but that has all changed now. These days, plenty of them are written in quite an entertaining style. You can learn quite a lot about the world by reading these kinds of books.
32. It seems that Isabella _____.
A. enjoys the humour in the books she reads
B. is likely to be influenced by book reviews
C. appreciates books that teach her something
D. chooses what to read based on how she’s feeling
33. What can we infer from Henry?
A. Jane Austen mainly wrote love stories.
B. Jane Austen wrote novels with surprising endings.
C. He regrets that people show little interest in Jane Austen.
D. People have misunderstandings about Jane Austen’s books.
34. Who mentions a change in his or her reading habits?
A. Ian.
B. Emily.
C. Henry.
D. Isabella.
35. What do the four people have in common?
A. They’re fond of reading.
B. They have the same reading habits.
C. They encourage others to start reading.
D. They enjoy reading the same kind of books.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

All animals produce waste. We call it “waste,” but we all know it can be very useful. In some parts of the world, animal waste, or poop, is collected, dried, and burned for cooking and heating. 36
The Chengdu Giant Panda Breeding Center has an unusual way of using animal “waste.” The center’s 40 pandas produce about two tons of poop a day. This material is being turned into a new product called Panda Poop Paper. 37 After all, paper is made from plant fiber (纤维), which cannot be digested (被消化) and simply goes through the body as waste.
Since pandas eat nothing but bamboo, their “waste” is perfect paper material. 38 Their stomachs haven’t fully developed for their vegetarian diet, so
their bodies make use of just 20% of what they eat. The other 80% comes out as poop: very high in fiber and perfect for paper.
Once the poop is collected, it is cleaned with chemicals, crushed (碾碎), and put into frames (框架) to dry. 39 Because of its good quality as well as the worldwide popularity of the panda, gift products made from the paper sell well.
40 They got the idea from the elephant dung (大象粪) paper made at the Elephant Conservation Center in Chiang Mai, Thailand. And Creative Paper Wales in the U.K. sells paper gifts made from sheep waste.
A. It’s not so strange!
B. Where does the paper come from?
C. What’s more, pandas have a special advantage.
D. After these steps, it becomes very good, strong paper.
E. But have you ever heard of paper that’s made from poop?
F. Farmers have been using animal and human waste for a long time.
G. S urprisingly, the Chinese weren’t the first to make paper from animal waste.
第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

As a student in my final year of high school, I am very concerned about college. I spend most days thinking about the 41 , hoping that I’m on the right path.
I’m interested in a career in42 , so I decided to volunteer (自愿提供) for service at the local hospital. I thought it would be the best of both worlds: 43 people while getting valuable on-the-job experience! So I went to the
business office. 44 , the hospital director was quite willing to let me help out, and he said I could 45 that summer as soon as I finished my finals. I accepted his 46 immediately, thinking to myself that here lay all the 47 I could ever want!
Soon enough, I 48 for my first day at the 49 . The director gave me a brief tour of different departments (科室) 50 we stopped right in front of the maternity ward (产科病房). “This is where you’re going to51 ,”he said. I was overwhelmed (受不了的) by the sounds. Women shouted and newborns 52 . I got nervous and wondered if I had been in a hurry when I 53 to go for such a 54 job.
My 55 must have shown clearly on my face because the director said, “Don’t worry. You are going to help in the nursery.”56 that, we walked down a hallway filled with balloons, beautiful flowers and into the 57 room I’ve ever seen. The soft colors provided a quiet backdrop to the sleeping babies. The nurse in charge of the nursery 58 me, thanked me for 59 , and asked me to start putting some baby things away in the drawers. The director gave me a 60 look, which I returned with a quiet nod. I got right to work.
41. A. score B. test C.
family D. future
42. A. teaching B. nursing C.
dancing D. acting
43. A. helping B. moving C.
encouraging D. visiting
44. A. Finally B. Fortunately C. Suddenly D. Immediately
45. A. start B. sign C.
learn D. ask
46. A. gift B. rule C.
offer D. advice
47. A. possibilities B. responsibilities C.
choices D. chances
48. A. went over B. showed up C. turned out D. kept on
49. A. high school B. business office C. college D. hospital
50. A. as B. when C. until D. before
51. A. work B. study C.
live D. research
52. A. played B. slept C.
cried D. laughed
53. A. stopped B. continued C.
refused D. decided
54. A. difficult B.
boring C.
small D. dangerous
55. A. fear B. anger C.
pain D. surprise
56. A. For B. Like C.
With D. Before
57. A. most peaceful B. most convenient C. largest D. cleanest
58. A. replaced B. remembered C.
welcomed D. trusted
59. A. waiting B. returning C. listening D. coming
60. A. questioning B. quick C.
serious D. familiar
第Ⅱ卷
第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Alexander Graham Bell is one of the most famous people in the history of the United States. He is known 61. ________ the invention of the first telephone in the world, 62. ________ changed the way people communicate.
Telegraph lines could no longer meet the needs of the United States as 63. ________ result of its rapid economic development. So new lines had to be constructed 64. ________ (improve) the communication. The U.S. turned to inventors for help and asked them to design a line 65. ________ (send) several messages at once. Bell went to investors to get support for his new idea, the telephone, and he got the money 66. ________ (need) for his work.
On March 10, 1876, Bell’s invention 67. ________ (put) to the test. T he first words spoken on a phone were to his assistant. “Mr. Watson, come here. I want to see you.” Watson heard Bell’s words 68. ________ (clear) in the next room, and the telephone was born.
Bell’s greatest invention is the telephone, but 69. ________ is funny that he refused to have a phone in his work area. He felt phones were 70. ________ (annoy).
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Mike is one of my sister’s classmate. He is a full-time chemistry student, though at weekends he worked in the univers ity bookshop. She is a member of the Students’ Union, and helps holding a few different events. In his free time, he plays an active part in quite a lot clubs and societies. For example, he belongs in the English Club, helping out with many of the organization work. He is also a strongly supporter of the university basketball team. In fact, he’s recently been taken on the role of their minibus driver, and takes them to matches once the week.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
假设你校英文报Scientists栏目正在征集稿件。

请你根据所给提示用英语写一篇短文应征，介绍
中国著名农业科学家——丁颖。

注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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参考答案
21-25 BDADB 26-30 ABADD
31-35 CBDBA 36-40 EACDG 41-45 DBABA
46-50 CDBDC 51-55 ACDAA 56-60 CACDA
61. for 62. which 63. a
64. to improve 65. sending 66. needed
67. was put 68. clearly 69. it
70. annoying
短文改错：
71. ... my sister’s classmate. classmate →classmates
72. ... he worked in ... worked →works
73. She is a member ... She →He
74. ... and helps holding ... holding →hold
75. ... a lot clubs ... lot后加of
76. ... he belongs in ... in →to
77. ... many of the ... many →much
78. ... a strongly supporter ... strongly →strong
79. ... recently been taken ... 去掉been
80. ... once the week. the → a
One possible version:
Ding Ying, who was born in Guangzhou on November 25th, 1888 and died on October 14th, 1964, was a great Chinese agricultural scientist.
Ding Ying went to Japan to study rice planting in 1921. Returning to China with a bachelor’s degree in 1924, Ding Ying became a college teacher. Then he concentrated his efforts on the scientific research of rice. In 1926, he discovered a wild rice plant in the suburban area of Guangzhou, which proved that China is one of the areas where rice was planted originally. His other great contribution is that he greatly improved the yield of rice by improving many species of rice plant.
部分解析
阅读理解：
A篇(个人情况)
本文是记叙文。

文章主要介绍了瑞士工程师George de Mestral发明维可牢尼龙搭扣的故事。

21. B。

细节理解题。

根据第二段的描述可知，de Mestral散步完后发现裤子上粘上许多种子，而且这
些种子很难清除掉，这让他感到好奇，因此在显微镜下观察其结构。

也正是对于这些种子的观察让他有了重大发现并萌生了发明一种用来粘合物品的材料。

22. D。

篇章结构题。

第三段中的the task实际上指的是上一句中的turn his accidental discovery into a useful product，由此可知答案。

23. A。

标题归纳题。

文章以Mother Nature knows best引出接下来要讲述的故事，然后在文章的主体部分（第二、三段）详细描述了瑞士工程师是如何受到大自然的启发发明尼龙搭扣的故事。

最后一段末句But the real thanks should go to nature for making the secret known与文章开头形成首尾呼应，说明大自然给予人类的启示。

因此，A项作标题概括了文章主旨。

B篇(健康)
本文是记叙文。

文章主要讲述了加拿大医生Christopher Charles发明“铁鱼”为柬埔寨人治疗贫血症的故事。

24. D。

细节理解题。

根据第一段中的Charles did blood tests on many people ... he could not leave Cambodia可知，Charles发现柬埔寨人患有严重的贫血症，于是决定留下来帮他们解决这个问
题。

25. B。

细节理解题。

根据第二段中的instead of cooking with it, people used it to hold down papers or support a table with a broken leg可知，人们并没有将铁棒用来做饭，而是挪作他用。

26. A。

推理判断题。

根据第三段中的So people are willing to put the iron fish in their cooking pots可知，当地的村民愿意将铁鱼添加到做饭用的锅中以补充铁。

由此可推测，他们很乐意使
用铁鱼。

27. B。

推理判断题。

根据最后一段中Charles说的“用什么样形状的铁来帮助人们治疗贫血症，关键
要与当地的文化结合起来，因为只有人们愿意使用它，它才有用”可知B项正确。

C篇(日常活动)
本文是说明文。

云朵机可以制作出各种形状的云朵，并常被用于广告宣传活动中。

28. A。

推理判断题。

根据第一段中的Do you remember ... 以及Those were the good old days ... clouds可以推测，作者在第一段提到形状像动物的云朵是为了表达对那些过往美好时光的回忆。

29. D。

细节理解题。

根据第二段中的描述可知，Flogo指的是那些出现在天空中的类似云朵的广告。

30. D。

词义猜测题。

根据划线词后的leaving nothing behind可知，这些泡沫最终会消失得无影无
踪。

31. C。

推理判断题。

根据最后一段末句They are afraid that soon there will be nowhere left where their imaginations can float freely可知，有些人害怕这些人工制造的类似云朵的广告图案
会剥夺了他们想象的权利。

D篇(兴趣与爱好)
本文是应用文。

文章是四位读者关于读书的讨论。

32. B。

细节理解题。

根据第一段中的I am likely to go for books that have received praise
from a newspaper or magazine可知，Isabella会根据相关书评来选择要看的书。

33. D。

推理判断题。

根据第二段中的they think she only wrote romantic novels和but on the whole, they're actually more about general relationships and human nature可推测，Henry认
为人们对于简•奥斯汀的书的主题有所误解。

34. B。

细节理解题。

根据第三段中的I used to read a lot of romantic novels. Now, I'm interested in biographies可知，Emily的读书习惯有所改变。

35. A。

推理判断题。

通读全文可知，Isabella提到：I've always got my head in a book. I just find that reading is such a great way to pass boring moments；Henry提到：I read modern novels ... I prefer the classics；Emily提到：I used to read a lot of romantic novels. Now, I'm interested in biographies ... I enjoy autobiographies, too；Ian提到：I enjoy
reading ...。

由此可知，四位读者都是喜爱读书之人。

七选五：
话题：自然
本文是说明文。

文章主要介绍了动物粪便被制作成为纸张。

36. E。

根据文章接下来介绍熊猫的粪便被制作成为纸张可知，尽管大家听说过动物粪便的诸多用处，
但是你听过由粪便制成的纸张吗？
37. A。

根据下一句中的After all, paper is made from plant fiber可知，由于纸张本来就是由纤
维组成的，因此用纤维含量高的熊猫粪便制作纸张也就不足为奇。

38. C。

接下来介绍的“熊猫只能吸收其所吃的20%，剩余80%富含纤维的食物都随粪便排出体外”是熊猫的一个特殊优势。

39. D。

根据上一句中的collected，cleaned，crushed和dry可知，经过这些程序后，熊猫的粪便被
制作成为非常好用且结实的纸张。

40. G。

根据下一句They got the idea from the elephant-dung paper made at the Elephant Conservation Center in Chiang Mai, Thailand可知，咱们中国不是第一个想到用动物粪便制作纸张的国家。

完形填空：
话题：个人情况
本文是记叙文。

作者讲述了自己第一天到医院作义工的经历。

41. D。

根据下文的I'm on the right path及career可知，作者花很多时间考虑自己的“未来（future）”。

42. B。

根据下文出现的hospital及nurse可知，作者希望将来从事“护理（nursing）”工作。

43. A。

去医院作义工当然可以“帮助（helping）”他人。

44. B。

根据下文的the hospital director was quite willing to let me help out可知，作者想去医院作义工，院长表示同意，说明她很“幸运（Fortunately）”。

45. A。

此处是说，期末考试一结束，作者就可以“开始（start）”在医院作义工。

46. C。

根据下文作者开始到医院工作可知，她接受了院长的“提议（offer）”。

47. D。

根据上文的getting valuable on-the-job experience可知，作者认为医院能给她提供她想要的任何“机会（chances）”。

48. B。

49. D。

根据下文作者到医院参观各个科室可知，她“到了（showed up）”“医院（hospital）”。

50. C。

作者在院长的带领下参观各个科室，“直到（until）”他们来到产科病房前。

51. A。

根据文章最后一句I got right to work可知，作者被安排在产科“工作（work）”。

52. C。

根据上文的I was overwhelmed by the sounds可知，此处指新生儿的“哭闹（cried）”。

53. D。

作者看到产科病房的场景时开始感到紧张不安，她不知道自己是否作出了一个草率的“决定（decided）”。

54. A。

根据上文的got nervous可知，作者觉得这项工作“难（difficult）”做。

55. A。

根据下文的because the director said, “Don't worry. ...”可知，作者的“担心（fear）”被院长看在眼里。

56. C。

“说着（With that）”，我们便通过了一个气球和鲜花装点的走廊。

57. A。

根据下文的soft，quiet和sleeping babies可知，这个房间是作者见过的“最安静的（most peaceful）”房间。

58. C。

59. D。

根据本句中的thanked me可知，负责育儿室的护士对作者的“到来（coming）”表示“欢迎（welcomed）”和感谢。

60. A。

根据下文的which I returned with a quiet nod可知，院长投来“询问的（questioning）”目光。

语法填空：
61. for。

考查介词。

be known for因……而著名。

62. which。

考查关系词。

设空处引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明the invention of the first telephone in the world，故填which。

63. a。

考查不定冠词。

as a result of由于……的结果。

64. to improve。

考查不定式作状语的用法。

设空处表示目的，故填to improve。

65. sending。

考查动词-ing形式作后置定语的用法。

line与send之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且send 表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，故填sending。

66. needed。

考查动词-ed形式作后置定语的用法。

need与money之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且need 表示的动作已经完成，故填needed。

67. was put。

考查一般过去时的被动语态。

invention与put之间是被动关系，且由时间状语可知put 表示的动作发生在过去，故填was put。

68. clearly。

考查副词。

设空处作状语修饰heard，故填副词clearly。

69. it。

考查it的用法。

设空处作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句，故填it。

70. annoying。

考查形容词作表语的用法。

设空处作表语，说明事物的性质，意为“令人讨厌的”，故填annoying。