KT式理性思考法

指 導出可 能原因
特異之 處及變動
明
--有 --沒有 何事 何地 何時 程度
求 證 ---邏輯性 ---事實
問題分析 解釋某一 偏離現象
偏離情 況敘述 應當實際 ± 偏離 指 明
--有 --沒有 何事 何地 何時 程度
檢驗可能原因 解釋--有 導出可 及--沒有 能原因 特異之 處及變動
Identify Likely Causes
Take Preventive Action
Plan Contingent Action
Develop actions to reduce likely effects Set triggers for contingent actions
導出選 擇方案
Make Decision
Potential Problem Analysis
Identify Potential Problems State action Develop plan List potential problems Assess threat (probability and seriousness) Consider what could causes the potential problems Develop actions to address likely causes
Situation Appraisal
Identify concerns List concerns (threats and opportunities) Clarify concerns (separate if necessary)
Set Priority Plan Next Steps Consider seriousness urgency and growth Determine analysis needed (PA,DA,PPA or SA)
Identify Possible Causes Use knowledge and experience to develop possible cause statements
Use distinctions and changes to develop
possible cause statements Evaluate Possible Causes Test possible causes against the IS and
目標分類
必要﹕限制 需要﹕加權
----數目 ----範圍
比較及 選擇
必要﹕可/不可 需要﹕相對適合性 不利後果﹕使威脅最小
預料問題設 定優先順序 行動方 案說明
---步驟 ---時間 ---機率 ---嚴重性
預料可 能原因
機率
建立目標
---成果 ---資源
決策分析
決策聲明
---目的 ---層次
選擇一項 行動方案
Plan Involvement Identify who does what and when
Problem Analysis
Describe Problem
a1
State problem (object/defect) Specify problem (IS/IS NOT.what. Where.when and extent)
潛在問 題分析 你的工作
認識狀況分 解設定優先 找出﹕PA或DA或PPA 確保活 動成功
選擇行動 提供資料
---報告進展 ---發動應變行動 預防性 ---去除原因 應變性 ---減低影響
問題分析 求 證
---邏輯性 ---事實
解釋某一 偏離現象
偏離情 況敘述
應當實際 ± 偏離
檢驗可能原因
解釋--有 及--沒有
Clarify purpose State decision (level) Develop objectives (consider results and resources) Classify objectives into Musts and Wants Weigh the Wants
Evaluate Alternatives Generate alternatives Screen alternatives through the Musts Compare alternatives against the Wants(score) Assess Risks Develop adverse consequences Assess threat (probability and seriousness) Make best balanced choice(gain vs.risk)
IS NOT to determine most probable causes
Confirm True Cause
Байду номын сангаас
Verify assumptions made in testing conduct observation;try fix and check result
Decision Analysis