基于单片机的交通灯设计课程设计论文(桂电二院)

题目：基于单片机的交通灯控

制器设计

院（系）：信息与通信学院

专业：微电子学

摘要

十字路口车辆穿梭，行人熙攘，车行车道，人行人道，有条不紊。那么靠什么来实现这井然秩序呢？靠的就是交通信号灯的自动指挥系统。本系统由单片机系统、四位数码管显示、彩色LED交通灯演示系统组成。设计一个用于东西、南北走向的交通管理。南北方向（主干道）车道和东西方向（支干道）车道两条交叉道路上的车辆交替运行，主干道每次通行时间都设为45秒、支干道每次通行间为30秒。本系统结构简单，操作方便；可实现自动控制，具有一定的智能性；对优化城市交通具有一定的意义。本设计将各任务进行细分包装，使各任务保持相对独立；能有效改善程序结构，便于模块化处理，使程序的可读性、可维护性和可移植性都得到进一步的提高。近年来随着科技的飞速发展，单片机的应用正在不断深入，同时带动传统控制检测技术日益更新。在实时检测和自动控制的单片机应用系统中，单片机往往作为一个核心部件来使用，仅单片机方面知识是不够的，还应根据具体硬件结构软硬件结合，加以完善。本文主要从单片机的应用上来实现十字路口交通灯智能化的管理，用以控制过往车辆的正常运作。

关键词：交通灯；单片机；数码管

Abstract

Shuttle crossroads vehicles, pedestrians bustling, car dealers lane pavements people, methodical. Rely on to achieve orderly order it? Is automated command system of traffic lights. The system consists of a microcontroller system, four digital display color LED traffic lights demo system. The design for the east and west, north-south traffic management. Lane of the north-south direction (the main road) and east-west direction (branch roads) lanes on two cross-road vehicles run alternately main road every passage time is set to 45 seconds, the branch roads between each passage 30 seconds. The system is simple in structure, easy to operate; achieve automatic control, smart has a certain significance; optimize urban traffic. The design of each task segments packaging, remain relatively independent of each task; effective to improve the structure of the program to facilitate modular treatment program readability, maintainability and portability have been further improved. With the rapid development of science and technology in recent years, the application of SCM is the deepening of the traditional control while driving detection technology is increasingly updates. Real-time detection and automatic control of microcomputer application system, the microcontroller is often as a core component to use microcontroller knowledge alone is not enough, should be based on the specific hardware structure of hardware and software combination, to be improved. This article come mainly from the application of SCM crossroads traffic lights intelligent management to control the normal functioning of the passing vehicles.

Key words：traffic lights; microcontroller; digital tube

目录

引言 (1)

1 设计方案 (1)

1.1 交通灯历史简介 (1)

1.2 设计要求 (2)

1.3 设计思路 (2)

2 硬件电路设计 (2)

2.1 主要元器件简介 (2)

2.1.1单片机AT89S52 (2)

2.1.2两位共阴数码管 (3)

2.2 电路原理图设计 (4)

2.2.1整体硬件原理图 (4)

2.2.2单片机最小系统 (4)

2.2.3LED指示灯设计 (5)

2.2.4数码管显示电路设计 (6)

3 程序设计 (6)

3.1 总体程序流程图 (6)

3.2 初始化程序 (6)

3.3 通车指示程序 (6)

3.4 倒计时程序 (6)

3.5 数码管显示 (7)

4 调试过程 (7)

5 心得体会 (7)

谢辞 (8)

参考文献 (9)

附录 (10)