finance

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金融学专业介绍

credit. 3. finances Monetary resources; funds, especially those of a
government or corporate body. 4. The supplying of funds or capital. tr.v. fi·nanced, fi·nanc·ing, fi·nanc·es 1. To provide or raise the funds or capital for: financed a new
（1986 Webster's third new international dictionary）这里圈定的范围与我们的宽口径相当。此外还可以举两个例子：
1）联合国统计署的Financial and related services包括: 包再保险,养老基金服务房地产,信托，租赁等服务等 2）美国1999年”financial services modernization ACT”,中” financial services”的范围包括:银行,证券公司, 保险公司,储蓄协会,住宅贷款协会,经纪人公司等中介服务.
常被知识来源于外国商学院的中青年学者使用.认为金融只涵盖资本市场。认为金融就是英文中的 Finance. 指Financial market, capital market. 从狭义看,金融= finance 主要指资本市场. (二) “金融”词在中国的起源最早见于1937<辞海> 1915<辞源>。之前没有金融。只有金和融。 1979年<辞海> 给出了较明确的界定。金融是货币资金的融通。
中finance ＝宽金融
黄达教授认为，中国目前使用的“金融”一词，同时存在“宽” 和“窄”两个口径，我国日常经济生活中使用的“金融”为宽口径，这个宽口径是自然形成的，边界虽然不是十分清楚，但人们的认识大致相同。具体涵盖的范围包括：与物价有紧密联系的货币流通、银行与非银行金融机构体系、短期资金拆借市场、资本市场、保险系统、以及 “国际金融”等领域。

英语作文 finance

英语作文 financeFinance is a crucial aspect of our daily lives. It affects everything from the way we manage our personal expenses to the way businesses operate and grow. Understanding finance is essential for making informed decisions and planning for the future.When it comes to personal finance, budgeting is key. Keeping track of income and expenses can help individuals make the most of their money and avoid unnecessary debt. Setting financial goals and regularly reviewing progresscan also help people stay on track and make necessary adjustments.Investing is another important aspect of finance. Whether it's in stocks, bonds, real estate, or other assets, investing can help individuals grow their wealth over time. It's important to do thorough research and seekprofessional advice before diving into the world of investing.For businesses, finance plays a critical role in every aspect of operations. From managing cash flow to securing funding for expansion, businesses rely on sound financial management to thrive. Financial statements, budgeting, and financial analysis are just a few of the tools businesses use to make informed decisions.Risk management is also a crucial part of finance. Whether it's managing risk in personal investments or in business operations, understanding and mitigating risk is essential for long-term success. Insurance, diversification, and hedging are common strategies for managing risk.In conclusion, finance is a complex and multifacetedfield that impacts all aspects of our lives. From personal budgeting to business operations, understanding finance is essential for making informed decisions and planning forthe future. Whether it's managing expenses, investing, or managing risk, finance plays a crucial role in our daily lives.。

finance(42) 用法

finance(42) 用法
（原创版）
目录
1.介绍 finance(42) 的含义和用法
2.详细说明 finance(42) 函数的具体应用
3.阐述 finance(42) 函数在实际案例中的应用
4.总结 finance(42) 函数的重要性和优势
正文
finance(42) 是一个在计算机编程中经常使用的函数，特别是在金融和财务计算领域。

它的主要作用是计算金融相关的数值，例如计算贷款的利息、股票的市盈率、债券的收益率等。

下面我们将详细介绍 finance(42) 的用法和具体应用。

finance(42) 函数在 Python 语言中被广泛应用。

使用 finance(42) 函数，用户可以方便地计算各种金融数值。

例如，它可以计算贷款的利息，帮助你了解贷款的成本。

也可以计算股票的市盈率，帮助你评估股票的价值。

此外，finance(42) 函数还可以计算债券的收益率，帮助你了解债券的收益情况。

在实际案例中，finance(42) 函数的应用也非常广泛。

例如，如果你正在考虑购买一套房子，finance(42) 函数可以帮助你计算贷款的利息，帮助你决定是否可以承担得起贷款。

又如，如果你正在考虑投资股票或债券，finance(42) 函数可以帮助你计算股票的市盈率和债券的收益率，帮助你决定是否值得投资。

总的来说，finance(42) 函数在金融和财务计算中起着重要的作用。

它不仅可以帮助用户计算各种金融数值，还可以帮助用户做出更明智的决策。

英语作文 finance

英语作文 financeFinance is a vast field that covers everything from managing personal budgets to investing in stocks and bonds. It's not just about crunching numbers; it's about understanding the flow of money and making smart decisions to achieve financial goals.For many people, finance starts with setting a budget. This means figuring out how much money comes in each month and how much goes out. It's about prioritizing expenses and cutting back on non-essentials to save for the things that really matter, like a dream vacation or a down payment on a house.But finance isn't just about saving; it's also about investing. This can be as simple as putting money into a savings account or as complex as trading stocks and bonds on the market. The key is to understand the risks involved and make informed decisions based on your personal tolerance for risk and your financial goals.Another aspect of finance is debt management. Whether it's a mortgage, a car loan, or credit card debt, managing debt effectively is crucial to maintaining a healthy financial life. This means making timely payments, understanding interest rates, and knowing when it might be beneficial to refinance or consolidate debts.Finance also plays a role in retirement planning. Figuring out how to save enough money to live comfortably during your golden years can be a challenge, but it's an important one。

internal finance的意思

internal finance的意思
"Internal finance"（内部金融）是一个涵盖多个领域的术语，主要涉及公司或组织内部与金融相关的活动和决策。

它通常涉及资金的筹集、分配、管理以及与公司财务目标、战略和运营相关的各种金融决策。

内部金融的核心在于确保公司有足够的资金来支持其日常运营、投资和扩张计划。

这包括制定预算、管理现金流、评估投资机会、制定风险管理策略以及确保遵守相关法规和会计准则。

内部金融的决策对公司长期成功至关重要，因为它直接影响到公司的盈利能力、竞争力和可持续发展。

因此，内部金融需要综合考虑公司的战略目标、市场环境、行业趋势以及内部资源和能力等因素。

与金融的英语单词

与金融的英语单词与金融有关的英语单词金融是现代比较大的一个经济体,经常会左右世界的经济发展趋势。

下面,我们来看一些金融相关的英语单词吧。

1).economy n.经济If you want to be acquainted with the development of economy in China, you can read some books about economics 如果你想对中国的.经济发展有所了解，你可以读一些经济学方面的书籍。

2).macroeconomics n.宏观经济学l cant tell the difference between macroeconomics and microeconomics.我说不出宏观经济学和微观经济学之间的区别。

3).depression n.萧条期，经济衰退As far as l know, many people lost their jobs during the great depression据我所知，许多人在大萧条时期丢了工作。

4).stagnant adj.停滞的，萧条的He complained that his business was stagnant at present他抱怨说目前生意不景气。

5).revitalize v.使恢复生机Anyway we should take measures to revitalize industry不管怎样我们都应该采取措施振兴工业。

6).prosper v.繁荣，兴旺After he got married, his family began to prosper结婚后，他的家开始兴旺发达起来。

7).finance n.资金，金融An expert in finance will tell you how to manage your money 财务专家会告诉你如何理财8).capital n.资金，资本In order fo collect enough capital to build a factory. he turned to his uncle for help为了筹集到足够的资金建工厂，他向他叔叔求助。

finance相关词组

1、annual return 年度收益、年利润The return an investment provides over a period of time, expressed as a time-weighted annual percentage. Sources of returns can include dividends, returns of capital and capital appreciation. The rate of annual return is measured against the initial amount of the investment and represents a geometric mean rather than a simple arithmetic mean.Annual return is the de facto method for comparing the performance of investments with liquidity, which includes stocks, bonds, funds, commodities and some types of derivatives. Different asset classes are considered to have different strata of annual returns.2、annuity 年金A financial product sold by financial institutions that is designed to accept and grow funds from an individual and then, upon annuitization, pay out a stream of payments to the individual at a later point in time. Annuities are primarily used as a means of securing a steady cash flow for an individual during their retirement years.3、breakup value (破产企业)清理价值(指把资产分开出售所得的价值)；(公司解散并出售其各部门之后的)残(余价)值The sum-of-parts value of a publicly traded company. This value is derived by analyzing each business segment of a company independently. This is usually applied to large cap stocks that are likely to operate in several different markets or industries. A breakup value analysis may be brought about by investors if the market cap of the stock is less than the breakup value for a prolonged period of time.4、compound interest 复利Interest added to interest previously earned on a principal balance. Compounding increases the depositor's rate of return on bank balances and the lender's effective yield on the unpaid principal of outstanding loans.5、simple interest 单利A quick method of calculating the interest charge on a loan. Simple interest is determined by multiplying the interest rate by the principal by the number of periods.Simple interest=P*I*N, Where:P is the loan amount,I is the interest rate,N is the duration of the loan, using number of periods6、cost benefit analysis成本效益分析A process by which business decisions are analyzed. The benefits of a given situation or business-related action are summed and then the costs associated with taking that action are subtracted.7、Credit risk 信用风险The risk of loss of principal or loss of a financial reward stemming from a borrower's failure to repay a loan or otherwise meet a contractual obligation. Credit risk arises whenever a borrower is expecting to use future cash flows to pay a current debt. Investors are compensated for assuming credit risk by way of interest payments from the borrower or issuer of a debt obligation.Credit risk is closely tied to the potential return of an investment, the most notable being that the yields on bonds correlate strongly to their perceived credit risk.8、Diversification 分散风险Corporate growth strategy whereby a business builds its total sales by acquiring or establishing other businesses that are not directly related to the company's present product or market.9、federal discount rate 联邦贴现率The interest rate set by the Federal Reserve that is offered to eligible commercial banks or other depository institutions in an attempt to reduce liquidity problems and the pressures of reserve requirements. The discount rate allows the federal reserve to control the supply of money and is used to assure stability in the financial markets.10、finance 金融The science that describes the management of money, banking, credit, investments, and assets. Basically, finance looks at anything that has to do with money and the market.11、future value 终值The value of an asset or cash at a specified date in the future that is equivalent in value to a specified sum today. There are two ways to calculate FV:1) For an asset with simple annual interest: = Original Investment x (1+(interest rate*number of years))2) For an asset with interest compounded annually: = Original Investment x ((1+interest rate)^number of years)12、present value 现值The current worth of a future sum of money or stream of cash flows given a specified rate of return. Future cash flows are discounted at the discount rate, and the higher the discount rate, the lower the present value of the future cash flows. Determining the appropriate discount rate is the key to properly valuing future cash flows, whether they be earnings or obligations.The basis is that receiving $1,000 now is worth more than $1,000 five years from now, because if you got the money now, you could invest it and receive an additional return over the five years.13、rate of return 收益率The gain or loss on an investment over a specified period, expressed as a percentage increase over the initial investment cost. Gains on investments are considered to be any income received from the security plus realized capital gains.Nickson deposits $100 in a savings account. At the end of the year Nickson receives a payment of $5. Nickson’s rate of return is 5%.14、yield 收益（税收、投资等）The income return on an investment. This refers to the interest or dividends received from a security and is usually expressed annually as a percentage based on the investment's cost, its current market value or its face value.15、interest 利息1. The charge for the privilege of borrowing money, typically expressed as an annual percentage rate.2. The amount of ownership a stockholder has in a company, usually expressed as a percentage. Interest is commonly calculated using one of two methods: simple interest calculation, or compound interest calculation.16、finance charge 财务费用A fee charged for the use of credit or the extension of existing credit. May be a flat fee or a percentage of borrowings, with percentage-based finance charges being the most common.A finance charge is often an aggregated cost, including the cost of the carrying the debt itself along with any related transaction fees, account maintenance fees or late fees charged by the lender.17、bond 债券A debt investment in which an investor loans money to an entity (corporate or governmental) that borrows the funds for a defined period of time at a fixed interest rate. Bonds are used by companies, municipalities, states and U.S. and foreign governments to finance a variety of projects and activities.Bonds are commonly referred to as fixed-income securities and are one of the three main asset classes, along with stocks and cash equivalents..18、financing 资金融通The act of providing funds for business activities, making purchases or investing. Financial institutions and banks are in the business of financing as they provide capital to businesses, consumers and investors to help them achieve their goals.19、financial institution 金融机构An establishment that focuses on dealing with financial transactions, such as investments, loans and deposits. Conventionally, financial institutions are composed of organizations such as banks, trust companies, insurance companies and investment dealers. Almost everyone has deal with a financial institution on a regular basis. Everything from depositing money to taking out loans and exchange currencies must be done through financial institutions.20、fair market value 公允市价price at which an asset or service passes from a willing seller to a willing buyer. It is assumed that both buyer and seller are rational and have a reasonable knowledge of relevant facts. example: property is condemned for public use, the owner is entitled to be compensated at fair market value.21、mortgage 按揭A debt instrument that is secured by the collateral of specified real estate property and that the borrower is obliged to pay back with a predetermined set of payments. Mortgages are used by individuals and businesses to make large purchases of real estate without paying the entire value of the purchase up front.In a residential mortgage, a home buyer pledges his or her house to the bank. The bank has a claim on the house should the home buyer default on paying the mortgage.22、merger 兼并The combining of two or more companies, generally by offering the stockholders of one company securities in the acquiring company in exchange for the surrender of their stock.Basically, when two companies become one. This decision is usually mutual between both firms.23、hostile takeover 恶意收购The acquisition of one company (called the target company) by another (called the acquirer) that is accomplished not by coming to an agreement with the target company's management, but by going directly to the company’s shareholders or fighting to replace management in order to get the acquisition approved. A hostile takeover can be accomplished through either a tender offer or a proxy fight.24、debenture 无担保债券A type of debt instrument that is not secured by physical asset or collateral. Debentures are backed only by the general creditworthiness and reputation of the issuer. Both corporations and governments frequently issue this type of bond in order to secure capital.25、bad debt reserve 坏账准备An account set aside by a company to account for and offset losses that arise as a result of defaults from futures loans. This figure may be calculated based on historical norms or other known information about the relative safety of the debt.2、年金，是定期或不定期的时间内一系列的现金流入或流出。

Finance(国际金融)关键术语名词解释

Chapter 1《American EconomicReview》《美国经济评论》《Journal of Finance》《金融学报》《The Wealth of Nations》《国富论》acquisition 收购adjust risk 调整风险aggressive target 激进（性）的目标asset 资产asset allocation 资产配置bidder 出价者，竞标者Black-Scholes optionspricing formulaB-S期权定价公式business finance 企业财务（金融）capital budgeting 资本预算capital expenditure 资本支出capital structure 资本结构cash flow 现金流chief executive officer（CEO）首席执行官chief financial officer（CFO）首席财务官（财务总监）claims 权益（证）、索取权利classical economics 古典经济学common stock 普通股competitive stock market 竞争性的股票市场conflict of interest 利益冲突consumption and savingdecisions消费和储蓄决策consumption preference 消费偏好controller 审计员convertible securities 可转换证券corporation （有限责任）公司corporation finance 公司财务（金融）debt outstanding 未清偿贷款（债务）derivative securities 衍生证券diversify risk 分散风险dividend and financialpolicies红利（股利）和财务政策economic value 经济价值entertainment industry 娱乐行业（产业）entity 实体equity权益（与Liability（负债对应）evaluation of cost 成本估算（评价）exclusive goal 唯一目标executive compensationprogram管理者补偿（薪酬）计划extended family 大家庭finance 金融, 财政, 金融学finance system 金融系统financial advisory firm 金融咨询公司financial capital 金融资本financial contracting 订立金融合约（合同）Financial Executive Institute 财务执行官组织financing 筹措资金（融资）financing decision 融资决策general partner 一般合伙人going concern 关注效应infrastructure 基础设施、架构initial outlay 初始投入integrated financial program 完整的财务计划investment decision 投资决策ITT corporation 国际电报电话公司learning curve 学习曲线liability 负债、债务、责任limited liability 有限责任limited partner 有限责任合伙人long-lived asset 长期资产long-range incentivesystem长期激励系统market discipline 市场规则market interest rate 市场利率market risk premium 市场风险价格market value of shares 股票市场价值（简称市值）marketing 营销maximize the wealth （使）财富最大化merger 兼并，合并mortgage loan 抵押贷款multinational conglomerate 跨国企业集团mutual fund 共同基金net worth 净资产operating margin 营业利润option 期权original core business 原始的核心业务partnership 合伙企业pension liabilities 养老金负债personal investing 个人投资physical capital 实物资本pool联营；集中使用的（资金，物）portfolio 投资组合portfolio of asset 资产组合preferred stock 优先股president 总裁primary commitment 首要（基本）任务private corporation 私人（非公众）公司professional managers 职业经理人profit 利润profit-maximizationcriterion利润最大化标准proposition 命题public corporation 公众公司quantitative model 定量模型regulatory body 监管机构resource allocationdecision资源配置决策retail outlet 零售摊点return 回报，收益risk-averse 风险厌恶（规避）security price 证券价格share price appreciation 股价上涨（增值）shareholder-wealth-maximization股东财富最大化sole proprietorship 个体（业主制）企业spin-off 配股spread out over time 跨时间分布stake 资助，资金stock option 股票期权strategic planning 战略规划supplier 供货商takeover 接管the exchange of assetsand risks资产和风险的交换the set of markets andother institutions市场及其它机构的集合trade off 权衡uncertain benefit 不确定性收益unlimited （limited）liability无（有）限责任vice-president forfinancial财务副总裁voting right （股东）投票权welfare 福利well-functioning capitalmarket高效的资本市场working capitalmanagement营运资本管理Chapter 2accounting procedure 会计程序adverse selection 逆向选择American Express 美国运通信用卡arithmetic mean 算术平均数asymmetry 不对称average risk premium 平均风险升水（溢价）Bank for InternationalSettlement（BIS）国际清算银行banking panic 银行危机bartern. 易货贸易；v. 讨价还价board of directors 董事会by-product 副产品call option 买入期权（看涨期权）capital gain（loss）资本收益（损失）Capital market资本市场（即长期资金市场）cash dividend 现金股利（红利）central bank 中央银行charge price 要价clearing and settlingpayment清算和结算支付closed-end 封闭式的collateral 担保品collateralization 以…担保commercial loan 商业贷款commercial loan rate 商业贷款利率credit card 信用卡default 违约、托债、弃权default risk 违约风险deficit unit 赤字部门defined-benefit pensionplan规定收益型养恤金制defined-contributionpension plan规定缴费型养恤金制depository savingsinstitution存款储蓄机构（系统）derivative 衍生（证券）Deutsche Bank 德意志银行dissemination 推广、传播dividend reinvestment 红利（股利）再投资dollar-denominated asset 以美元计价的资产double-entry-bookkeeping 复式记账法equity 权益equity-kickers 权益条件expected rates of return 期望（预期）收益率Federal Reserve System 联邦储备系统Finance AccountingStandardsBoard财务会计标准委员会financial instrument 金融工具financial intermediary 金融中介financial market parameters 金融市场参数financial variable 金融（财务）变量fixed-income-instruments 固定收益证券flow of fund 资金流flow of fund 资金流foreign exchange 外汇formation extraction 信息提取forward contract 远期合约functional perspective （从）功能（的角度或观点）future 期货German marks 德国马克go public 上市incentive problem 激励问题index fund 指数（化）基金index-linked bonds（与物价）指数联系的债券information service 信息咨讯（服务）insurance company 保险公司interest rate 利息率（简称利率）interest rate arbitrage 利率套利interest rate equalization 利率平价intermediary 中介International BankforReconstruction andDevelopment国际复兴开发银行International Monetary Fund（IMF）国际货币基金组织International Swap DealersAssociation国际掉期交易商协会intertemporal 跨期的（多阶段的）IOUI owe you的简称，喻指“借条”issuing stock 发行股票Japanese yen 日元life annuity 人寿年金limited liability 有限责任liquidity 流动性maturity （票据）到期日；期限money market货币市场（即短期资金市场）moral-hazard 道德风险mortgage 抵押mortgage rate 抵押利率mutual fund 共同基金New York Stock Exchange 纽约股票交易所nominal interest rate 名义利率offset 弥补、抵消open-end 开放式的option 期权Osaka Options and FuturesExchange大阪期货期权交易所over-the-counter-market（OTC）场外（交易）市场parties to contract 合约的参与者pool or aggregate 联营；集中使用的（资金或物品）；premium 升水、溢价price appreciation 增值principal-agent problem 委托－代理问题pro rata 按比例的put option 卖出期权（看跌期权）qusai- 准、半rate of exchange 汇率rates of return 收益（回报）率rating agency 评级机构real interest rate 实际利率real rate of return 实际收益率redeem 赎回、偿还residual claim 剩余索取（求偿）权risk aversion 风险厌恶（规避）risk premium 风险升水（溢价）security dealer 证券交易商shed specific risk 规避（分散）特定（或私有）风险standard deviation 标准差standardized option contract （经）标准化的期权合约surplus unit 盈余部门trade-off 权衡trust company 信托公司U.S Treasury Bills 美国国库券underwrite 认购、包销unit of account 计值单位universal bank全能银行（指兼做中央银行和商业银行业务的银行）volatility 波动性well-information 信息充分的yen rate of return（以）日元（记值）的收益率yield curve 收益（率）曲线yield spread 收益价差Chapter 3accounting earnings 会计收入accounting rule 会计规则accrual 应计的accrual accounting 应计制（权责发生制）accumulated depreciation 累计折旧amortize 摊销、分期偿还apocryphal 伪经的、假冒的asset turnover（ATO）资产周转率（销售收入/总资产）audit 查账、审计balance sheet 资产负债表benchmark （比较）基准bond-rating 债券评级book value 账面价值capital structure 资本结构capital-incentive utility 资本密集型的公用事业（公司）cash and equivalents 现金及其等价物cash budget 现金预算cash cycle time 现金循环周期cash inflow 现金流入cash outflow 现金流出common stock outstanding 流通在外的普通股contingent liability 或有负债（如：可能发生的诉讼赔偿等）current asset 流动资产current liability 流动负债current ratio 流动比率depreciation 折旧、贬值disclose 披露dividend payout rate 股利支付率earnings before interest and tax （EBIT）息税前利润（=毛利- GS&A）earnings per share 每股盈余（收益）earnings retention rate （收益）留存比率expiration date 到期日external financing 外部融资（比如，发行股票和债券）financial distress 财务危机（困境）financial leverage 财务杠杆（率）financial ratio 财务比率financial statement 财务报表general, selling, andadministrative expenses（GS&A）管理及销售费用goodwill 商誉gross margin 毛利（润）（=销售收入-产品销售成本）income statement 损益表income tax 所得税intangible asset 无形资产inventory 库存、存货inventory turnover 存货周转率liquidity 流动性long-term debt 长期负债market to book 市值价值/账面价值marking to market 盯住市场net income（or net profit）净利润（即税后利润=EBIT-利息-所得税）net working capital 净营运资本（=流动资产-流动负债）net worth 净资产（即权益，=资产-负债）off-balance-sheet 表外项目operation income 营运收益（营业利润）opportunity cost 机会成本owner’s equity所有者权益paid-in capital 实收资本payable 应付账款percent-of-sales method 销售（收入）百分比法planning horizon 计划（时间）跨度price to earnings 市盈率（价格/盈余）profitability 盈利能力、盈利性property 土地、地产、所有权quick ratio 速动比率receivable 应收账款receivables turnover 应收账款周转率retained earnings 留存收益ROA（return on asset）资产收益率（EBIT/资产）ROE（return on equity）净资产收益率（即权益报酬率，=税后利润/净资产）ROS（return on sales）销售利润率（EBIT/销售收入）short-term debt 短期负债specify performance target 设定业绩目标statements of cash flow 现金流量表sustainable growth rate 持续增长率taxable income 应税收益（即税前利润=EBIT-利息）times interest earned 利息保障倍数Tobin’s Q托宾Q值（=资产市值/重置成本）total shareholder returns 总的股东收益（率）Chapter 4after-tax interest rate 税后利率amortization 分期偿还、摊销annual percentage rate（APR）年度百分比（利率）annuity 年金before-tax interest rate 税前利率compound interest 复利compounding 复和（与discounting 相反的概念）discount rate 折现率、贴现率discounted cash flow（DCF）折现现金流discounting 折现、折扣effective annual rate（EFF）有效年利率exchange rate 汇率future value 终值future value factor 终值系数（即由现值计算终值的换算因子）growth annuity 增长年金immediate annuity 即付年金implied interest rate 隐含利率installment 分期付款internal rate of return（IRR）内部报酬率market capitalizationrate市场资本化利率（简称市场利率）net present value（NPV）净现值opportunity cost ofcapital资本的机会成本ordinary annuity 普通年金（即后付年金）original principal （初始）本金outstanding balance 未平头寸payback period 回收期perpetual annuity（orperpetuity）永续年金present value 现值present value factor （终值）现值系数（终值系数的倒数）reinvest 再投资simple interest 单利tax-exempt 免税的time value of money （TVM）货币（或资金）的时间价值yield to maturity 到期收益率Chapter 5bequest 遗赠、遗赠物break-even 得失相当的，盈亏平衡的deductible 可扣除（或抵扣）的explicit cost 显性成本feasible plan 可行（的）计划human capital 人力资本implicit cost 隐性成本incremental 增量的、增值的intertemporal budgetconstraint跨期预算约束optimization model 优化模型permanent income 永久性收入provision 条文、条款tax deferred 税收（可）延缓的tax exempt 免税的trial-and-error 试错Chapter 6after-tax cash flow 税后现金流all-equity-financed firm 全权益融资公司annualized capital cost 年金化资本成本appropriation 拨款、占用break-even point 盈亏平衡点capital budgeting 资本预算cost of capital 资本成本coupon bond 息票债券cumulative present value 累计现值full-fledged 完备的、正式的horizontal axis 横轴（或横坐标）labor-intensive 劳动密集型的liquidate 清算、清偿market-related risk 市场相关（或者承认予以补偿）的风险，即系统风险（systematic risk）prototype 模型、原型residual value 残值risk premium 风险溢价risk-adjusted discountrate（经）风险调整的折现率sensitivity analysis 敏感性分析vertical axis 纵轴（或纵坐标）zero-inflation 零通涨（率）Chapter 7Arbitrage 套利arbitrageurs 套利（交易）者beverage 饮料bona fide 真正的bond 债券default risk 违约风险default-free 无违约（风险）的earnings per share 每股盈余efficient marketshypothesis（EMH）有效市场假说fetch 售得…fixed-income securities 固定收益证券foreign exchangemarket外汇市场fundamental value 基础价值information set 信息集interest-rate arbitrage 利率套利intrinsic value 内在价值laundry 洗衣店Law of One Price 一价定律price/earnings multiple 市盈率（倍数）real estate 房地产、不动产sibling 兄弟、同胞、氏族成员tautologically 同意反复地transaction costs 交易成本triangular arbitrage 三角套利vending 售货well-informed 信息充分的Chapter 8abscissa 横坐标ask price 卖价、要价（报价）bid price 买价、出价（询价）callable bond 可赎回债券convertible bond 可转换债券coupon bond 带息债券、息票债券current yield 即期收益（率）discount bond 折价债券face value/ par value 面值maturity 到期日ordinate 纵坐标par bond 平价债券premium bond 溢价债券pure discount bond 纯折现债券quote 牌价redeem 赎回、偿还risk-free interest rate 无风险利率yield curve 收益（率）曲线yield to maturity 到期收益（率）zero-coupon bond 零息（票）债券Chapter 9New York StockExchange纽约股票交易所cash dividend 现金股利（或红利、分红）closing price 收盘价Constant-Growth-RateDDM不变增长率股利折现模型current/existingstockholders现有股东、老股东discounted-dividendmodel（DDM）股利折现模型dividend policy 股利政策dividend yield 分利收益率ex-dividend price 除息（即股息）价格expected rate of return 期望收益率（或报酬率）infinite 无穷（或无限）的internal equity financing 内部权益融资Investment opportunity 投资机会market capitalization rate 市场资本化利率odd lots 零星（交易量）per se 亲自、亲身perpetual 永久的price/earnings ratio 市盈率Reinvested earnings 再投资收益required rate of return 必要报酬率（或收益率）risk-adjusted discountrate（经）风险调整折现率round lots 整批（交易量）share repurchase 股票回购skeptical 怀疑的stock dividend 股票股利stock splits 股票分割Chapter 10actuary 精算师caterer 酒席承办人colossal 巨大的、异常的confidence intervals 置信区间consortium 社团、合伙continuous probability distribution 连续概率分布diversification 分散化（投资）diversifying 分散化、多样化dunce 笨蛋、书呆子ex ante 事先的ex post 事后的expected rate of return 期望收益率（报酬率）flexibility 灵活性、柔性forward contract 远期合约hedger （套期）保值者、对冲者hedging 保值、对冲、对两方下注以防止（赌博、冒险等）的损失insuring 投保、给…保险jurisdiction 司法、权力、权限layoff 解雇、失业materialize 实现mean 均值normal distribution 正态分布overview 概述perverse 故意作对的、任性的portfolio 投资组合precautionary saving 预防性储蓄probability distribution 概率分布quadruple adj. 四倍的；v. 使…（增加）四倍recrimination 反责refund 退还risk assessment 风险评估risk aversion 风险规避risk avoidance 风险避免risk exposure 风险暴露risk identification 风险识别risk management 风险管理risk retention 风险保留risk transfer 风险转移sinful 有罪的、过错的、不道德的speculator 投机者square root 平方根stakeholder 利益相关者standard deviation 标准差swap 互换volatility 波动率Chapter 11American-type option 美式期权call option 买入期权（简称“买权”）cap （利率）上限condominium 公寓私有的共有方式co-payment 共同支付counterparty 交易对手credit guarantee 信用担保credit risk 信用风险deductible/deduction 免赔额delivery 交割delivery date 交割日derivative 衍生工具diversifiable risk 可分散的风险diversification principle 分散化（或多元化）原则European-type option 欧式期权exclusion 除外责任expiration date 到期日expire 到期face value 面值fictitious 虚构的firm-specific risk （公司）私有（或特有）风险forward contract 远期合约forward price 远期价格future contract 期货合约guarantee 保证、保证人、担保、担保品loan guarantee 债务保单long position 多头market risk 市场风险non-diversifiable risk 不可分散的风险premium 保险费、附加费、溢价proceed n. 盈利put option 卖出期权（简称“卖权”）rolling over 滚动（式）的short position 空头shortfall 不足之数、赤字spot price 即期价格standardized （经）标准化的strike price/ exerciseprice执行价格、行权价swap contract 互换合约、调期合约Chapter 12decision horizon 决策（修正）期限efficient portfolio 有效组合efficient portfolio frontier 有效组合前沿expected return 期望收益率mean-variance model 均值－方差模型minimum-varianceportfolio最小方差组合mutual fund 共同基金optimal combination ofrisky assets风险资产最优组合planning horizon 计划期、规划期point of tangency 切点portfolio selection （投资）组合选择risk premium 风险溢价risk tolerance 风险容忍（度）riskless asset 无风险资产risky-asset portfolio 风险资产组合set of……的集合tangency portfolio 切线组合target expected return 目标期望收益率trade-off 权衡、平衡trading horizon 交易（间隔）期限Chapter 13active investmentstrategies积极投资策略active portfolio selectionstrategy积极的组合选择策略Arbitrage Pricing Theory （APT）套利（定价）理论beat the market 打败市场benchmark 基准benchmark portfolio 基准组合Capital Asset PricingModel（CAPM）资本资产定价模型capital market line（CML）资本市场线consensus 一致、一致同意cost of capital 资本成本covariance 协方差equilibrium asset price 均衡（的）资产价格equilibrium expectedreturn均衡（的）期望收益率equilibrium price 均衡价格equilibrium risk premium 均衡风险溢价indexing 指数化irreducible 不能减少的、难复位的marginal contribution 边际贡献market portfolio 市场组合market-related risk 市场相关的（或承认的）风险multifactor IntertemporalCapital Asset PricingModel（ICAPM）多因子、跨期资本资产定价模型mutual fund 共同基金non-market risk 非市场风险passive investing 消极投资passive portfolio selectionstrategy消极的组合选择策略pension fund 养老基金regression coefficient 回归系数reward-to-risk ratio 风险补偿比率security market line（SML）证券市场线short-sale 卖空systematic risk 系统风险unsystematic risk 非系统风险Chapter 14arbitrageur 套利者bountiful 慷慨的、充足的casino 卡西诺赌场、小别墅closing out（one’s/a）position平仓continuouscompounding连续复利cost of carry 持有成本daily marking to market 逐日盯市（即每日无负债清算制度）delivery 交割delivery date 交割日delivery price 交割价格expectationshypothesis期望假说financial future 金融期货（即标的物为金融产品的期货合约）foreign-exchangeparity relation汇率平价关系forward contract 远期合约forward price 远期价格forward-spotprice-parity relation 远期-即期价格间的平价关系future contract 期货合约future price 期货价格future spot price 将来的现货价格hedger 套期保值者intrinsic value 内在价值margin 保证金open interest 未平仓合约数、头寸开放权益数position 头寸posting of margin （对）保证金（进行）过帐quasi-arbitrage 准套利（机会）replicate 复制speculator 投机者spoilage 损坏spot price 即期价格、现货价格spread 价差、差额the wall street journal 《华尔街日报》Chapter 15American-typeoption美式期权arrear 应付欠款、储备物at the money option 两平期权Black-Scholes model 布莱克-斯科尔斯期权定价模型boom 繁荣的bullish 乐观的call （option）买入期权（简称买权）、看涨期权capital-gain 资本（性）收益cash settlement 现金结算Chicago BoardOptions Exchange（CBOE）芝加哥期权交易所commission 佣金Contingent Claims 或有权益（简称或有权、或然权）credit guarantee 信用保证（或承诺）de facto 实际的、实际上decision tree 决策树delinquency 失职、违法行为dividend yield 股利收益率dividend-adjusted option formula 股利调整期权（定价）公式embedded option 嵌入式期权European put option 欧式卖权European-typeoption欧式期权evasion 逃避、躲避Exchange-traded option 场内（即在交易所交易的）期权exercise price/strikeprice执行价格/敲定价格expirationdate/maturity date到期日explicit 外生的flexibility 灵活性、柔性FutureOptions/Option onFutures期货期权growth option 增长期权guarantor 保证人hedge ratio 对冲比率、套期比率implicit 内生的implied volatility 隐含波动率in the money option 虚值期权incremental 增量的、增加的index option 指数期权intrinsicvalue/tangible value内在价值、执行价值junk bond 垃圾债券litigation 诉讼、争论mainline 主流的、传统的natural logarithm 自然对数normal distribution 正态分布Option 期权out of the moneyoption实值期权Over-the-counteroption场外（交易的）期权payoff diagrams 支付图plaintiff 起诉人provision 条文、条款put （option）卖出期权（简称卖权）、看跌期权put-call parityrelation买（权）与卖（权）间的平价关系real option 实物期权recession 衰退self-financinginvestment strategy自融资投资策略sequel 续篇、后果shortfall 不足之数、赤字stochastic 随机的 swap 互换 time value 时间价值 truncate截断two-state （binomial ）option pricing model 两状态（二项式）期权定价模型 underlying asset 标的资产、基础资产Chapter 16account payable 应付账款accrued wage应计工资adjusted present value （APV ）（经）调整的现值 after-tax incremental cash flow 税后增量现金流agency cost 代理成本 allegiance 忠诚、忠贞 all-equtiy financing 全权益融资 bankruptcy cost破产成本bankruptcy proceeding 破产程序、破产诉讼 Capital Structure资本结构capital structure irrelevance proposition 资本结构无关性定理 circumvent 绕过、智胜 collateral 担保品 common stock 普通股 corporate income tax公司所得税cost of financial distress 财务危机（危难）成本 debt financing 债务融资 entity实体、本质、存在 equity financing 权益融资 external financing外部融资（筹资） fiduciary受信托的 financial distress财务危机（危难） financing instrument 金融工具 franchise 特许权 free cash flow自由现金流 frictionless 无摩擦的gourmet供美食家的享用的、美食家imminent 临近的、迫在眉睫的 interest tax shield （债务）利息税盾 internal financing 内部融资（筹资） issuing new stock 发行新股leveraged investment 杠杆投资（即投资额中有部分债务融资） long-term lease 长期租赁 M & M proposition MM 定理market debt-to-equity ratio（用）市场（价值表示的）债务-权益比率market-value/economic balance sheet （用）市场价值（表示的）资产负债表 Modigliani & Miller （M 莫迪里阿尼和米勒& M ）optimal capital structure 最优资本结构 pension liability 养老金（形式的）债务 perk额外补贴 personal income tax 个人所得税 preferred stock优先股学习必备欢迎下载prestige 威信、声望pro rata 按比例的realized capital gains 已实现资本收益redeploy 重新部署（布置、调派）repurchase stock 回购股票residual claim 剩余索取权（求偿权）retained earning 留存收益scrutiny 细致检查secured debt 安全债务stock option 股票期权subsidy 津贴、财政援助、特别津贴voting right 投票权warrant 认股权证、认股权weighted average costof capital（WACC）加权资本成本Chapter 17acquisition 收购bargain v. 讲价、讨价还价；n. 便宜货、交易、协定breakup 分散、中止、崩溃consolidation 合并、联合、巩固consummate 完成、使…完美contest 竞争、争夺corroborate 加强证实、巩固、支持discretion 决定权、谨慎、判断力divest 使…脱去information set 信息集loss carry-forward 亏损递延malevolence 恶意、坏影响merger 兼并opaqueness 不透明real option 实物期权spin-off 派生出、让产易股、抽资脱离synergy 协同增效takeover 接管。

财务的英文

财务的英文财务的英文 1.finance2.financing3.[会计] financial affairsfinance常见用法n.财政; 金融; 财源; 资金vt.为…供给资金，从事金融活动; 赊货给…; 掌握财政;1. the finance minister will continue to mastermind poland's economic reform.财政部长将继续策划波兰的经济改革。

2. the scheme offers seed corn finance with loans at only 4% interest.该方案提供种子基金融资，其贷款只收取4%的利息。

3. foreign office officials assisted with transport and finance problems.外交部官员帮助解决运输和经费问题。

4. he majored in finance at claremont men's college in california.他在加利福尼亚州的克莱尔蒙特男子学院主修金融专业。

5. the united states was tops in finance and services.美国在金融业与服务业方面无可匹敌。

6. the finance minister has renewed his call for lowerinterest rates.财政部长再次呼吁降低利率。

7. finance ministers are meeting today in brussels with britain in the chair.财政部部长们今天在布鲁塞尔碰头，会议由英国主持。

8. neither anna nor i are interested in high finance.安娜和我对巨额融资都不感兴趣。

9. "but finance is far more serious." — "well i don't know really."“但是财政更加困难了。

英语作文 finance

英语作文 financeFinance is a crucial aspect of our lives, as it affects every single decision we make. From buying a cup of coffee to purchasing a house, finance plays a significant role. It is essential to have a good understanding of finance in order to make informed decisions and manage our money effectively.One of the most important aspects of finance is budgeting. A budget is a plan for how you will spend your money, and it is crucial for managing your finances effectively. By creating a budget, you can ensure that you are not spending more money than you earn and that you are putting money aside for savings and investments. A budget can also help you prioritize your spending and make sure that you are allocating your money to the things that are most important to you.Another important aspect of finance is saving and investing. Saving money is important for building anemergency fund and for making large purchases in the future. It is also important to invest your money in order to makeit grow. There are many different investment options available, including stocks, bonds, and real estate. It is important to do your research and consult with a financial advisor in order to make informed investment decisions.Credit and debt are also important aspects of finance.It is important to use credit wisely and to avoid taking on more debt than you can afford. By maintaining a good credit score, you can qualify for lower interest rates on loansand credit cards, which can save you money in the long run. It is also important to make sure that you are paying off your debt in a timely manner in order to avoid paying excessive interest.Finally, it is important to have a good understandingof taxes and insurance. Taxes are a significant expense for most people, and it is important to understand how theywork and to take advantage of any deductions or creditsthat you may be eligible for. Insurance is also crucial for protecting your financial well-being. There are manydifferent types of insurance, including health insurance, life insurance, and property insurance, and it is important to make sure that you are adequately covered.In conclusion, finance is a crucial aspect of our lives and it is important to have a good understanding of it in order to make informed decisions. By creating a budget, saving and investing, using credit wisely, and understanding taxes and insurance, you can manage your finances effectively and build a secure financial future.It is never too late to start learning about finance and taking control of your financial well-being.。

finance是什么意思_finance的中文解释

finance是什么意思_finance的中文解释finance是什么意思_finance的中文解释finance英[faɪ'næns; fɪ-; 'faɪnæns] 美 ['faɪnæns]n. 财政，财政学;金融vt. 负担经费，供给…经费vi. 筹措资金n. (Finance)人名;(法)菲南斯[ 过去式 financed 过去分词 financed 现在分词 financing ] 【网络释义】财务什么是证据，唯一的铁证只有隆尧公安局自身的财务(Finance)帐本或华龙(Hualong)方便面的财务帐本可以有纪录，再有(Again)就是本家儿自己，我们平民百姓不可能查到这个账。

金融电子金融(E-Finance)是以网络等信息技术手段为基础的金融创新形式，金融信息化的高级阶段，指服务供应商在互联网等新技术的基础上对原有财政学学了十年(Ten years)，最少还有两科没读――《财政学(Finance)》和《金融学》。

知识创造家当这句话确切地说应该是，结构化(Structured)的知识创造财富，灵活运用的知识创造财富。

【词组短语】public finance 公共财政 ; 公共财政 ; 财政学 ; 财政Finance ministry 财政部 ; 财政部 ; 财务部 ; 财政部Mathematical finance 金融数学 ; 金融数学 ; 数理金融学 ; 数学金融Project finance 项目融资 ; 专案融资 ; 项目贷款 ; 项目金融学Google Finance Google财经 ; 谷歌财经 ; Google财经 ; 谷歌金融Finance islamique 伊斯兰银行Company finance 公司融资公司财务 ; 公司财务 ; 公司融资 ; 考试大MSc Finance 金融学 ; 金融学硕士 ; 金融 ; 金融硕士Finance Committee 财务委员会 ; 财政委员会 ; 委员会 ; 财政专门委员会ministry of finance 财政部public finance 财政学international finance 国际金融finance and economics 经济，财经;金融与经济corporate finance 公司金融;公司理财;公司融资finance department 财务部;财政部;财会部finance minister 财政部长national finance 国家财政local finance 地方财政real estate finance 房地产金融;不动产财务housing finance 住宅信贷，住宅金融;住房集资company finance 公司财务;公司融资finance manager 财务经理;财政经理finance ministry 财政部finance company 金融公司;信贷公司finance and accounting 财务会计;财务部;会计学;金融和会计 trade finance 贸易金融project finance 项目融资;项目贷款finance and trade 财贸;金融与贸易accounting and finance 会计和金融;会计与财务【同近义词】n. [财政]财政，财政学;[金融]金融policy of tightening control over expenditure and credit , cameralisticsvi. 筹措资金fund raising【双语例句】He does not understand finance at all.他对财务一窍不通。

What is Finance

• As of 2004, the financial services industry represented 20% of the market capitalization of the S&P 500 in the United States.
Banks
• A "commercial bank" is what is commonly referred to as simply a "bank". The term "commercial" is used to distinguish it from an "investment bank," a type of financial services entity which, instead of lending money directly to a business, helps businesses raise money from other firms in the form of bonds (debt) or stock (equity).
• Issuance of credit cards and processing of credit card transactions and billing • Issuance of debit cards for use as a substitute for checks • Allow financial transactions at branches or by using Automatic Teller Machines (ATMs)
Other types of bank services
• Private banking - Private banks provide banking services exclusively to high net worth individuals. Many financial services firms require a person or family to have a certain minimum net worth to qualify for private banking services.[2] Private banks often provide more personal services, such as wealth management and tax planning, than normal retail banks.[3]

Finance部门和职能的划分

Finance部门和职能的划分（外加一篇Quant是什么）我先试图把Finance类工作做一个定义。

首先，要把Finance工作和在Financial Institution(金融机构)中工作要区分开。

在 Financial Institution中的工作可以是Teller(柜员),Financial Advisor (理财/销售), Trader (交易员),Fund Manager(基金经理),Middle Office (结算) ，Equity Research Associate (股票调研)等等，这些从广义上讲，也是Finance领域的，但是从一个公司的职能上分，这些实际上是属于C ustomer Service, Sales, Operations, 等部门，并不是职能上的Finance部门。

职能上的Finance工作应该是在“Corporate Finance” 的范畴，也就是在一个(金融或非金融)企业中从事以企业自身资金、资本、财务为对象的管理工作。

虽然不同的公司对内部部门和职能的划分会有不同，但一个比较典型的大型上市公司的Finance部门应以CFO(财务总裁) 为首，包括三大块：Treasury, Controller, 和Planning & Analysis。

以下就这三部分做一个简介：Treasury:Treasury就是资金部，一般负责与银行打交道，银行帐户管理、cash management(资金管理), risk m anagement(风险管理), debt and equity financing(融资/融券) 等。

这个部门比较有意思，也压力比较大，因为直接跟大笔的资金打交道。

尤其在risk management方面比较有挑战性，如果需要建一些分析model，那么就对数学统计也有一定要求。

这里的用人需要主要是Financial Analyst. 他们会做大量的与cash flow, interest, debt,and risks有关的reporting和analysis工作，根据具体工作不同也可能细分为Credit Analyst, Liquidity Analyst,等。