综合英语2(交大版)课后习题及答案

1. This year saw the publication of rich assortment of realistic fictions for children aged 8-12 and older.2. People with narcissistic personality disorder have a great sense of self-importance.3. Studies on film consumers had indicated teenage audience as a prime market, with the result that Hollywood filmmakers obsessively catered to that market, sometimes at the expense of adult fare.4. They were seen warring, slaying and eating each other,5. Attempting to make money from the growing legion of both female and male fans of basketball,6. Being somewhat older than he was, they instilled into him a false idea7. It is perhaps difficult for White South Africans, with an ingrained prejudice against communism8. the secretary and chairman hustled back and forth between committees9.49 people were killed and 47 injured in the stampeded.10. I had harbored qualms about just how I might be received.1. where the sacred and profane lived in close proximity.2. World War I broke out after the assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand, which ignited an already tense territorial feud between…..3. That night Dr. Leighton concocted a plane to rid himself of this old woman,4. with the terrific reverberations almost deafening us inside.5. The great many of slaveholders look upon education among the slaves as utterly subversive of the slave system.6. is as well known for its mastery of technical innovations as for enigmatic smile of the subject.7. at t he convergence of youth and manhood in a timeless moment8. J D was sworn in as provisional president of the CSAdefy material injure from external annoyance.10. T he skin texture of noble was so transparent that the blue veins might be seen branching off in various directions.1. Although it has been stressed that the confidential information should be kept in absolute secrecy somehow it is given away.2. The new underground railway will facilitate the journey to all parts of the city.3. Split personality is a severe mental disorder characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and sometime bizarre behavior.4. Imagination and innovation of a manager will help make the business a success.5. People who had been suspected of contracting SARS were all under surveillance.6. I must go now or I wouldn‟Incidentally, if you want that book I‟ll bring it next time I come.7. People all over the world, old or young, male or female, administered help to those in Indonesia who were suffering the tsunami.8. Included in this wave of deregulation were airlines, railroads and intercity buses.1. Agreement replaced contrariness quiet, reasoned discussion replaced argument.2. We warned our boys not to tangle with that group of tough boys from the other side of town.3. it will also increase your stamina and level of control.4. Without stirring from our firesides we may roam to the most remote region of the earth,5. Another problem is that the richness and subtlety of Chinese is often lost or diluted6. Since the poor begged only in the major thoroughfares and bustling marketplaces and stayed away from the quiet residential areas of rich.conspire with others in advance to commit crimes stipulated are to be handled as accomplices of smuggling,8. in their foray into the international market.9. We must win the people‟s confidence with tangible achievements in the building of10. Today I will savor the taste of grapes from these vines and verily1. dietary nourishment is better than medicinal nourishment.2. Job stress has been known to trigger heart problems in people who already have cardiovascular disease.3. became a syndrome as the months wore on.4. the tree may prefer calm, but the wind will not subside.5. There had been nary a word about the impending closures or relocations when I left town6. We mustn‟t alienate ourselves from the masses,7. This box is a hodge-podge of books, toys and things.8. they emigrate to places where they are more in demand.9. Preparing for the Christmas Eve feast makes me at my wit‟s end.10. He was presumptuous in making the announcement before the decision had been approved.1. People who suffer from infertility can seek medical advice to identify the cause and undergo treatment.2. hypothetical threat3. If profits should emerge in any field of production,4. In a broad sense, activities called thinking are internally adaptive responses intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli.5. Surveys indicate that at least half of the 3 to 4 percent of newborns with birth defects suffer a major genetic contribution.6. Have you specified where the new sofa will be put?7. confidential sources would have no legal recourse against unscrupulous reporters or editors.8. How can you justified your rude behavior towards your parents who love you so much?1. Less invasive than traditional surgery,2. seemingly unaware of their particular vulnerability,3. China has adhered to a stable and pragmatic policy4. this salve specializes in treating traumatic injuries.5. the various communities in Singapore will be able to create a vibrant economy,6. there is no stigma attached to a failed effort.7. It is believed that excessive preoccupation with one‟s own well-being.8. an image of masculinity9. Healthy hair fibers are pushed away from each other but if you are not eating the right foods the molecular structure of each hair follicle is unable to hold water.10. Cao Xueqin, … is the cultural celebrity I worship most,1. I untangled the thread while dad found a replacement capacitor2. The heroine is anguished by the thought that her sweetheart, …died…3. Where there are obligations attached to testamentary succession or legacy,4. this piece depicts the eye-catching scenery of the watery region in South,]5. that has been discarded must be restored and even improved.6. that he was intact and unhurt.7. A slight shudder shook her frame,8. and our most fervent efforts to change ourselves are useless.9. it commemorates Christ‟s resurrection from the tomb where he had lain for three days after his crucifixion.10. You‟d do very well at a spiritual retreat that encourages meditation,1.Guilt can be a feeling of remorse about an action or situation in which you had some culpability or responsibility. Sometimes we can feel guilt even there is no reason.Any ideas about what has triggered the guilt? What is of interest in our context is the neurotic sense of guilt which is a form of anxiety mostly connected to repressed, murderous rage. The person feels as if he had committed moral crime.Does too much criticism really cause too much guilt? Harsh parenting leads to decreased empathy, guilt, and self-control. Children are more likely to develop a sense of morality/ conscience if parents use induction. Guilt means that a person does something that violates their moral code, value system, or their sense of right/ wrong and good/ bad. In other words, once they do something against their duty, people will have the sense of guilt. In the final analysis we judge things by whether they fulfill the purpose for which they were made. It is a generally accepted principle that one cannot condemn something for failing to achieve what it was never intended to achieve. If man is merely a biochemical machine, he cannot be judged on any moral grounds since the behavior of machines is predetermined by their very nature and is in no sense “moral”.2.Everything that the human race has done and thought is concerned with the satisfaction of deeply felt needs and the assuagement of pain. One has to keep this constantly in mind if one wishes to understand spiritual movements and their development. Feeling and longing are the motive force behind all human endeavor and human creation, in however exalted a guise the latter may present themselves to us. Now what are the feelings and needs that have led men to religious thought and belief in the widest sense of the words? A little consideration will suffice to show us that the most varying emotions preside over the birth of religious thought and experience. With primitive man it is above all fear that evokes religious notions—fear of hunger, wild beasts, sickness, death. Since at this stage of existence understanding of causal connections is usually poorly developed, the human mind creates illusory beings more or less analogous to itself on whose wills and actions these fearful happenings depend. Thus one tries to secure the favor of these beings by carrying out actions and offering sacrifices which, according to the tradition handed down from generation to generation, propitiate them or make them well disposed toward amortal. In this sense I am speaking of a religion of fear. This, though not created, is in an important degree stabilized by the formation of a special priestly caste which sets itself up as a mediator the people and the beings they fear, and erects a hegemony on this basis.3.A variety of simple techniques can prevent computer crimes, but more sophisticate methods are also necessary to prevent computer crimes.One technique to protect confidentiality is encryption. Information can be scrambled and unscrambled using mathematical equations and a secret code named a key. Two keys are usually employed, one to encode and the other to decode the information. The key that encodes the data, called the private key, is possessed by only the sender. The key that decodes the data, called the public key, may be possessed by several receivers. The keys are modified periodically, further hampering unauthorized access and making the encrypted information difficult to decode or forge.Another technique to prevent computer crime is to limit access of computer data files to approved users. Access-control software verifies computer users and limits their privileges to view and alter files. Records can be made of the files accessed, thereby making users accountable for their actions. Military organizations give access rights to classified, confidential, secret, or top secret information according to the corresponding security clearance level of the user. Passwords are confidential sequences of characters that give approved level users access to computer. To be effective, passwords must be difficult to guess. Effective passwords contain a mixture of characters and symbols that are not real words.5.Though it‟s never fun to be stuck on a crowded plane, it can be excruciating on long-haul flights like the ones to Europe that so many vacationers are about to take. And with load factors—the percentage of seats filled—expected to reach 90 percent or more on many days this summer, finding space to stretch out is harder than ever.Flight between the United States and Europe are particularly tight in August, when travelers returning from vacations abroad are also competing with Europeans beginning their holiday trips to the United Sates. And so far, botched car bombings in London and Glasgow don‟t seem to be deterring travelers to Britain.Anyone with the cash can pay more to stretch out in business or first class, but most travelers end up in coach, smashed up against a window, bumped by beverage carts in the aisle or worse—in the dreaded middle seat. But even without an upgrade or elite status in a frequent-flier program, it‟s possible to nab a spot on a plane with plenty of empty seats—if you know what to look for.To help you find some room in the sky—and avoid that spot in the middle—here‟s a guide to avoiding crowded planes to Europe this summer.Some of the least-packed planes to popular European destinations are flown by airlines you might not think of. Take Los Angeles to Frankfurt. It‟s no surprise that the German carrier Lufthansa is one of the most popular airlines on that route. Last August, 90 percent of its seats were filled, according to Back Aviation Solutions, an industry consulting firm. But Air India,which files that same route on its way to New Delhi, was only half full last August. While it‟s difficult to predict how full a particular flight will ultimately be this summer, Frederick Roe, regional manager at Back Aviation Solutions, said that taking a look at how full planes were on a given route last summer “can be indicative” of what to expect this year.7.It used to be that when things started to unravel in almost any Asian country it was easy to finger the culprit: Americanization. Are families falling apart? Dig out the American divorce rates. Kids joining gangs? Talk about Los Angeles and American movies. Rock groups replacing the gamelan? Must be the imported TV programs. The environment in ruins? Blame New York‟s air conditioners. AIDS? That‟s a Western disease, the Thais once said confidently as more and more warehouse-sized “massage parlors” opened.Now in cities, towns and satellite-dished villages across Asia—and in other parts of the world where rising incomes and greater access to goods and information are breeding consumerism and speeding modernization—it is getting much harder to hold the West, particularly the United States, responsible for assaults on local cultures.Worldwide communications—especially satellite television, the fax machine and the Internet —hasten the narrowing of cultural differences. Not everything novel comes from the West, even if most of these now-universal fashions were first popularized in richer Western countries. If trends are set by Japan, this is because the Japanese were the first to break into the top ranks of technology and trade, not only in the region but also worldwide. Others will follow in other regions.An American diplomat said he was struck by this trend when a Korean radical wearing jeans and smoking an American cigarette lectured him on the perverse effects of American influence. Many Southeast Asians have abandoned traditional costumes for business suits not because Western business people dress that way but because the Japanese and Taiwanese do.8.The noun “Clone” and the verb“to Clone” are not used consistently. In biology, a clone is a cell or organism that is genetically identical to another cell or organism. Many simple organisms such as bacteria reproduce themselves by copying their DNA and splitting in half. The two bacteria that result from this form of a sexual reproduction are genetically identical; they are clones of each other. In contrast, during the process of sexual reproduction, the nucleus of a sperm cell, which carries the father‟s DNA, fuses with the nucleus of the egg cell, which contains the mother‟s DNA. The resulting offspring carry genetic material from both parents and are not identical to either parent.The verb “to Clone” refers to the process of creating cloned cells or organisms. The process differs, depending on the kinds of cells used in the cloning procedure and the desired result. Usually, when scientists clone an animal, they take the nucleus of a cell—which contains chromosomes made of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and proteins—and place it into an egg cell (also called an oocyte) form which the nucleus has been removed. The egg cell then divides to produce an embryo that develops into an animal, if the procedures work as planned.11.Millions of Americans get poked, prodded—and cut open—all in the name of beauty. But last week‟s death of novelist Olivia Goldsmith from complications during plastic surgery provides a sharp reminder that surgery, and surgery, is inherently risky.Plastic surgery, like most surgeries, is relatively safe. Anesthesia-related deaths in 1 in 250,000 procedures, says the American Society of Anesthesiologists. But Goldsmith‟s death is a reminder that “plastic surgery isn‟t a pure benefit,”says Nancy Etcoff, psychologist at Harvard Medical School and author of Survival of the Prettiest. “It isn‟t someone waving a magic wand and you look better. You‟re subjecting yourself to potential dangers.”Cosmetic procedures by plastic surgeons have increased195% since 1992, and about 6.6 million Americans had procedures in 2002, according to the plastic surgeons society. Risks range from ugly scarring and illness to death.Diane Sanders, a commercial property manager from Dallas, says she understood the risks when she had facial plastic surgery three years ago. But that did n‟t stop her. Goldsmith‟s death “is a one-in-a-million type?thing,”says Sanders, 56. “You can‟t to through life just hiding behind everything. You‟re got to think, …Well, that was an accident. It‟s not going to happen to me.‟”Even a small risk should be considered carefully, doctors say.“You have to ask yourself, …How important is it for me to have my face lifted?‟” says Roger Litwiller, president of the American Society of Anesthesiologists. “If it‟s very important, then you do everything you can to minimize that risk.” That includes checking a physician‟s qualifications and making sure surgical facilities can handle emergencies.In a youth-driven culture, it‟s easy to understand why people take the risk, Etcoff says.The surgery provides people “a whole new freedom … to look any way they want,” Etcoff says. “It used to be people would go into hairdressers and say, …I want Meg Ryan‟s hairdo.‟ Now it‟s…I want her nose, her chin.‟”12.Cambridge University is an English autonomous institution of higher learning at Cambridge, Cambridge shire, Eng., on the River Cam 50 miles north of London.The start of the university is generally taken as 1209, when scholars from Oxford migrated to Cambridge to escape Oxford‟s riots of “town and gown” (townspeople versus scholars). In 1633 the Lucasian professorship of mathematics was founded under the will of a former member of the university, and six years later the first holder resigned in favor of Isaac Newton, then a young fellow of Trinity. In 1871 the university established the Cavendish professorship of experimental physics and began the building of the Cavendish Laboratory. James Clerk Maxwell was the first professor, beginning a leadership in physics at the university that would be continued by J.J. Thomson and Ernest Rutherford. Here, too, the team of Francis Crick and James Watson elucidated the structures of proteins and of the double-helix DNA, to double the modern science of molecular biology. Noted Cambridge scholars in other fields have been the naturalist Charles Darwin, the economist John Maynard Keynes, and the historian G.M.Trevelyan.Many of the college buildings are rich in history and tradition. King‟s College Chapel, begun in 1466, is one of Britain‟s most magnificent buildings. The mulberry tree under which the poet John Milton is reputed to have written Lycidas is on the grounds of Christ‟s College. Two of the colleges contain chapels designed by Christopher Wren-Pembroke and Emmanuel. The gardens and grounds of the colleges along the River Cam are known as the “Backs,” and together they form a unique combination of large-scale architecture, natural and formal gardens, and river scenery with student boaters.The university library with well over 3,000,000 volumes is one of a handful in the country that is entitled to a copy every book published in Great Britain. Noteworthy collections include the Acton Library of medieval, ecclesiastical, and modern history, the W.G. Aston Japanese library, the papers of Charles Darwin, and the Wade Chinese collection.。