历年考研真题作文题目及范文1991-1998
历年考研英语真题作文
20XX年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)作文答案51题应用文Dear international students,I am the chairman of the Students‟ Union. I‟ve just received the emails from you and got the news that you would come to our university. Firstly, I‟d like to show our warm welcome. On behalf of our university and all the students here, I really look forward to your coming。
In order to make all of you feel at home, here are some conductive suggestions. Firstly, you‟d better take some warm clothes with you because it is winter in China now and it is very cold in Beijing. Secondly, I advise you to prepare some relevant knowledge about Chinese culture for better understanding in class。
I really hope you‟ll find these proposals useful. And I‟m looking forward to your com ing!Yours sincerely,Li Ming52题大作文范文一How vivid the cartoon it is! What the profound cartoon reflects is a not uncommon social phenomenon, from which we can observe that in this cartoon stand two men and a bottle of milk. The 2 men show different perspectives toward the bottle of milk that is place on the ground。
91-08真题范文
1997More Pressure from Academic Studies Does No Good to UsEveryone passing the entrance examination to university remembers the pressure in his senior high school. Entering the university or college, we should have less pressure from academic studies.With less pressure from academic studies, we can learn to enjoy learning by ourselves. Also, we can learn some practical knowledge after classes, which will be very helpful after our graduation. In the meanwhile, we can get the time and energy to practice what we learn from the classes. We have even more time to improve our characters and to grow into a mature person. On the other hand, more pressure from academic studies can make the students too tired to enjoy their studies. The only goal for the students is to pass all kinds of examinations, and to survive the graduation. They will not care how to get passed which will be fulfilled by cheating.In one word, I call for less pressure form academic studies because more pressure will do bad to us.More Pressure from Academic Studies Does Good to UsLast Friday, the teacher of spoken English had us discuss the effect of pressure from academic studies on us students. Some of my classmates maintained that it would not be beneficial if the pressure increased. I did not side with this view for two reasons.First, pressure is a necessary driving force. As society grows more and more competitive, college students must live up to future challenges foreseeable even today. Under pressure, each student must work hard. The good learners will try to take the lead, whereas the low achievers will do their utmost to catch up. Second, the pressure that exists among our students is far from sufficient. The teachers do give assignments from time to time, yet they have failed to keep the students busy enough. Quite a few of us idle away their time by playing video games, seeing films, watching TV, or playing cards. All these do not merely happen on weekends. By introducing more academic pressure into our life, the school can minimize the possibility of our doing wrong things.In summary, I believe more pressure from academic studies does a great deal of good to us college students. It is not that fearsome as some of us assume. Putting it in the right perspective, none of us will break or collapse. Section B Note-writingMay11th, 1997Dear Victoria,I was surprised not seeing you at my party yesterday until I terribly realized that I forgot to invite you. I am really sorry, Victoria. I planned to invite you when I borrowed your cook yesterday morning. However, you know, I saw you were really busy answering the phone from your mother at the time, so I forgot to invite you. Please accept my apology, Victoria. I hope that you can come to my home tomorrow afternoon and we can have tea together.Yours,MaryNov. 7Dear Victoria,This note is meant to be a token of my apology to you for having not invited you to a party held at my home last Sunday. It all happened quite by accident. Before the party, I scribbled a list of names and I clearly remember you were on the list. Then I asked my sister to call all of you one by one. Unfortunately, she misread your name and dialed a different friend of mine whose name happened to be spelt quite like yours. Finally, the same number of guests came and I was so careless that I didn't realize a mistake had occurred. I wish you, my closest friend, would forgive me.Yours,Peter1998One Way to Solve the ProblemTo deal with the air pollution caused by vehicles in cities is a challenging job. My suggestion is to produce vehicles powered by solar energy.Compared with mineral fuels such as gasoline, solar energy is inexhaustible in supply. The growth of cities and increase of vehicles call for more supply of energy, but there is a limit to the reserve of oil. Thus, solar energy with its endless supply is one of our solutions to energy crisis. The second advantage of solar energy is its cleanness. Traditional vehicles operating on gasoline give off exhaust, causing damage to human health and polluting the air. From the perspective of environmental protection solar energy is a much better choice. After the new technology becomes economically feasible, the sky over cities will be brighter, and the air will no longer be a threat to our health.Because of the two benefits of using solar energy as a new fuel, we should spend more money on the research which can make our dream come true.One Way to Solve the ProblemIt is now generally accepted that vehicles (cars, trucks, etc.) are a major source of air pollution in cities. Some solutions to the problem have been proposed, such as reducing the number of vehicles and using lead-free petrol. However, I would suggest replacing petrol with electricity as the source of power.The substitution of petrol with electricity is advantageous for at least two reasons. On the one hand, electricity is clean. As we know, the use of petrol has proved to be the most serious cause of pollution when we drive in vehicles. If electricity is applied, no pollutants will be yielded or produced. On the other hand, unlike petrol, electricity is almost inexhaustible. Now that many ways of generating electricity are available today, the resort to electricity may free us from the worry that the power needed for vehicle use may run out someday. As a consequence, we will not have to impose restrictions on the use of vehicles. Nor will we need to trim down their number.To sum up, using electricity as power is arguably an ideal solution to the problem of vehicle pollution. It can both keep the air clean and permanently satisfy the needs of vehicle users.Section B Note-writingMay 10th, 1998Dear George,I have got a ticket to a computer fair for the coming Sunday at two o’clock in the afternoon. The fair will be held at the International Center for Convention and Exhibition. I shall not be free that day, so I send the ticket to you and I am sure that a computer wizard like you will be glad to go there. Bus No. 101 will take you directly to the center from our school.Yours,MarkOct. 18Dear George,I've got a ticket for a computer fair, but as I will go to Beijing on business this weekend. I won’t be able to attend it. So I’m now sending the ticket to you. You’re always been keen on playing with the computer. I think you may like to go to the fair.Please find the ticket enclosed. Wish you would enjoy yourself there.Yours,Mark1999A Major Disadvantage of Advertising on TelevisionMost TV programs today are companied by all kinds of advertisements. They may be about various products or services or public benefits. Some of them are helpful to our life. Some of them, I must say, may get us into trouble.Generally speaking, all advertisements give us information about the items they try to publicize, which can help us stop wandering around among various products and suffering the confusion of making our decision.However, we may be misled by advertisements, especially by the false ones. Unfortunately, there are some false advertisements existing. Some of them boast too much about the advantage of the products. Therefore, the customers may get the unreasonable illusion about it.To improve the situation, our government should take more strict measures to control advertisements. In the meanwhile, we customers should use our minds to make good use of advertisements and to resist the temptation of spending too much money on the products that may turn out to be useless or even harmful to us.A Major Advantage of Advertising on TelevisionWe see advertisements on Television every day. Some people think that TV advertising brings us benefits, but others don't think so. In my opinion, it makes the consumers aware of the availability of products for their choice.On Television we often find some advertisements about the same kind of products. At one time, for instance, VCD players of multitudinous brands dominated the prime time of CCTV1. Almost whetting on people's nerves, the advertisements did introduce a large variety of electronic products to them. Such being the case, the consumers can get well informed of the different VCD players, including their properties and functions. When they make a purchase, they are able to choose the right brand according to their need. All this was impossible, however, when people were ignorant of the choices available to them. More often than not, they would buy thebest-known product or the locally made product.In conclusion, TV advertising plays a very important role in our economic behavior. With abundant information available on TV, we can make sensible choices as consumers.Section B Note-writingMay 10, 1999Dear Jimmy,I am very sorry to hear that you are ill these days. Are you feeling better now? I hope it is not anything serious. We’re all very concerned about you. Don't worry about your studies. I’ll help you catch up when you are well.Get well soon.Yours,JohnnySep. 20Dear Jimmy,I'm very sorry to hear that you're ill these days. Are you down with a bad cold? Or is it because you worked too hard? Are you feeling better now? I really want to go and see you, but a new task my boss assigned yesterday has prevented me from paying you a visit. Any way, I'll come to you as soon as I finish it. Until then, I pray for your early recovery.Yours,Jim2000The Importance of Extracurricular ActivitiesAlmost all the college freshmen expect their college life varied and colorful. Of course, the variety and colorfulness of their life are largely decided by the extracurricular activities. Therefore, how to improve the quality of the extracurricular activities is an important question that students as well as teachers should consider.First, students can set up all kinds of communities on, say, chess, balls, etc. and arrange some matches regularly. In this way, those students with the same hobbies can easily improve their skills and have a lot more friends. Second, teachers can give some lectures on the hot topics after certain intervals. Students can get in touch with the recent development of the society and can also improve their knowledge. Third, the college can provide some chances for the students to practice their knowledge.In one word, it involves all the efforts from college, teachers and students themselves to get the quality of the college life improved.The Importance of Extracurricular ActivitiesDear editor,College life is often said to be varied and colorful. And extracurricular activities are an important aspect of it. However, at present, I find there is much room for improvement in this regard. Among others, the necessity of extracurricular activities had not been adequately heeded. It is necessary, therefore, to drive home the importance of such activities.Evidently, extracurricular activities are important in various ways. To start with, such activities can enrich the students’college life. A student may ultimately grow tired of study if he spends all the time reading and writing. All work and no play make Jack a dull boy. Secondly, outside-class activities can help to develop the students' ability to cooperate and coordinate with others. Involved in those activities, the students shift their attention from individual effort to group performance. As a result, they will grow more aware of others' needs and functions in their life. Last but not least, extracurricular activities provide the students with an opportunity to practise what they have learned in books. Through the activities, the gap between the theory and reality can be bridged.To sum up, extracurricular activities are of immense importance to the college students. Unless people are aware of their importance, we can never expect the college life to be fully enjoyable.Section B Note-writingMay 10th, 2007Dear George,I have heard that you are considering applying for a part-time job. The university library is now looking for an assistant working at weekends. I think you are the suitable person for the vacancy. You are careful, and love reading. Why not apply? I am sure you can get the job and enjoy it. Wish you success.Yours,MichaelSep. 26Dear George,Yesterday I read on the notice board that our university library is looking for a part-time library assistant who can work at weekends. I know you've been looking for a part-time job, so I'm writing to tell you about the vacancy.I think you're the right person for the post, since you meet all the listed requirements. True, the job is not highly paid, but you only have to work at weekends. So why not go for an interview?Wish you good luck.Yours truly,Tom2001TRAVEL BROADENS OUR MINDIt has become a fashion for us Chinese people to go traveling during the long holidays in recent years. People either travel abroad or go sightseeing within the country. In fact travel has already been turned into a part of our life. The significance of travel is obvious it can broaden our mind.It is quite definite that travel can broaden our mind. Last summer, I visited Mount Tai, a world known natural scenery, and Qufu, a world famous historic and cultural city. On the top of the Mount Tai, I was deeply moved by the natural beauty, picturesque scenes and especially the inscriptions carved on the rocks by so many historical figures, who so profoundly expressed their love of our country. In Qufu, I was thoroughly attracted by our great culture and long history of civilization, especially the school of elite thought by Confucious as the greatest educator. I felt very proud of cultural lineage. As a student of English from a Normal university, I was determined to introduce our great country with so many natural sceneries and so many places of historical relics to the world.As an old saying goes: traveling ten thousand miles and reading ten thousand books is the top ideal for people. Travel really opens our mind because it enables us to know about the beautiful scenery, the long history and the great culture of a nation. Remember every time you travel around you will experience something new in mind.Travel Broadens the MindIt is absolutely right that “Travel can broaden the mind.” Through traveling, we learn that there are so many different places and people existing in the world.On one hand, we can enjoy the beautiful and historical spots and the happy people with their special custom. Traveling in the modem city, say, Beijing, we can learn a lot from all the museums, royal parks, and enjoy the delicious Beijing baked ducks. On the other hand, we can realize that the world is not perfect. We can experience the poor life and do our best to help the people. Touring in an underdeveloped village, Baise, for example, we can see how poor the people are. Therefore, traveling is the best way to avoid being “a frog at the bottom of a well”.Let’s travel more interesting places and lea rn more about our mother nature.Travel Broadens the MindToday, many of us go traveling every year. As a matter of fact, travel has become part of our life. Through our own experience -we have come to know the significance of travel. Above all, I think it broadens our mind in the sense that it helps us to know more about the splendor of the Chinese civilization.Last summer I went to visit the No. 2 Nanjing Yangste Bridge Park, which boasted a focus-in view of the grand modern bridge. It attracted me a lot, but I was more deeply impressed by the exhibition of the bridge models there. The bridges in miniature ranged from the most ancient ones to the most modern ones built by the Chinese working people. Despite their age, the modeled ancient bridges were delicate in structure and nice in form. I could not help admiring our ancestors for their wisdom and feeling proud of our civilization.In short, travel opens our mind because it enables us to know about the history and culture of a nation. In a way, going on travels is like reading books.Section B Note-writingJune 3, 2001Dear Professor Wang,I am terribly sorry that I failed to keep the appointment with you yesterday. One of my roommates fell ill suddenly and there was nobody else in the room, so I had to take her to the hospital. She is fine now, but I broke our appointment. Please forgive me. I wonder if we can meet again some time next week. I will be very grateful if you arrange another meeting with me. Please let me know after you get the time fixed.Sincerely yours,KateJune 16, 2001Dear professor,I am terribly sorry for having missed the appointment with you yesterday afternoon. I started out for your office at twelve. But unfortunately I was caught in a terrible traffic jam. When I finally got to your office you had already left. I know you are pretty occupied these days, but I wonder if you could arrange for another appointment with me. I badly need your help with my paper. Would this Friday afternoon be OK? I look forward to your reply.Yours sincerely,JerrySep. 16Dear Professor,I’m deeply sorry that I missed the appointment with you. I started out for your office at nine. I should have been able to arrive there on time, but unfortunately my bike went flat. I was even more desperate because there was no repair shop in sight. I had had to wheel the bike some five hundred meters before I got help. But it was late, for when I got to your office you had already left.I know you're pretty occupied these days, but I wonder if you could arrange for another appointment with me now that I badly need your help with my thesis. Would this Friday afternoon be OK for you? If possible, I will go to your office at two p. m. I look forward to your early reply.Yours truly,Kate2002THE BEST WAY TO STAY HEALTHYNowadays people are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of health. And they have different ways to stay healthy. For example, some exercise everyday; others try to keep a balanced diet. In my opinion, to do physical exercise is the best way.My suggestion that physical exercise is the best way for people to stay fit is based on the following two reasons. The first reason is that physical exercise can help to reduce one’s unnecessary fat and weight. Medical experts have reported that the redundancy of fat is one of the causes of various diseases, some of which are even fatal. The second reason is that physical exercise can keep people a good shape of figure. For example, by doing physical exercise, man can have a strong body and look cool; while woman can have a slim figure and look pretty. That is why there are so many people doing physical exercise in the parks, on the sports ground and in the various body-building clubs.In short, I believe the best way to keep fit is to do physical exercise. We may bear the following in mind: to do physical exercise every day, you will keep the doctor away.The Best Way to Stay HealthyIf you have recently started or restarted an exercise program, you are not alone, and it proves to be the best way to stay healthy.In the first place, exercise makes your body, most importantly, your heart stronger by helping it pump more blood with each heartbeat. The blood then delivers more oxygen to your body. Exercise can also lower blood pressure, reduce your risk of heart disease. Besides, exercise is the best way to lose weight. Burning calories and working off the fat will help you look and feel better. In the second place, more and more people realize that mental health is nevertheless more important than physical health. Focusing your energy on taking care of yourself with proper exercise is the best way to not just transform your body but to lift your spirits.If you are blessed with a healthy body and healthy mind by getting into exercises like soccer, ice skating, jogging, running, swimming, bicycling or anything that involves lots of activities, you can be confident that you are the “wealthiest”, thus the happiest man on the planet.The Best Way to Stay HealthyNowadays people are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of health. And they have different ways to stay healthy. For example, some exercise everyday, others try to keep a balanced diet. For my part, the best way to stay healthy is the combination of proper physical exercise and a balanced diet.Both physical exercise and proper diet are essential to health. For one thing, physical exercise not only builds a person's body, but also helps to reduce his or her unnecessary fat. Indeed, this is very important since the redundancy of fat has been medically proved to be a cause of various diseases, some of which are even fatal.For another, a balanced diet can provide a person with the right kind and amount of nutrition required for the operation of our organs. As we know, a multitude of elements are effective in keeping our body-running properly.A deficiency in any of them will result in some dysfunction. Yet a balanced diet may prevent this from happening.All in all, I believe the best way to keep fit is taking proper physical exercise plus staying on a balanced diet. Neither is dispensable if we are to enjoy sustainable health.Section B Note-writingMay 6th, 2002Dear Jack,I have heard that you wish to sell your walkman. I am very interested in it. I am just wondering about its condition. Give me a call when you have a moment. My telephone number is 555-2436. I am willing to offer 30 dollars for it if everything is OK.Looking forward to hearing from you soon.Yours,SamSeptember 12, 2002Dear Jack,I heard from Sam you would sell your walkman. It happened that my Walkman was broken for almost a month. I’d like to buy yours if possible. So will you let me know about its present condition and the price you would like to charge? Would 30 dollars is a reasonable price?Yours,SimonMay 6Dear Jack,This morning I met Tom. He said you wished to sell your walkman. I don’t know why you want to part with it, but I’d like to buy it if possible. So will you please let me know about its present condition and the price at which you expect it to be sold?Yours,Dick2003The Importance of Keeping a Good MoodModem people are supposed to endure a lot of pressure, from education, career, or family. There are often tragic stories in the newspapers about people who went insane or some who committed suicide. Those tragedies once again indicate how important it is to keep a good mood.Keeping a good mood under whatsoever circumstances is important in at least two aspects. The first one is that keeping a good mood can help people possess a right attitude towards various difficulties and challenges. Self-confidence is always the best way for people to get out of the difficult situation. For example, some people have failed in business for several times and now they are in deep debt, but they never give up their hope and still believe they have the ability to be successful. This self-confidence will surely lead them to success someday. The second one is that keeping a good mood can help people put disappointment and frustration in the right perspective. Thinking that failure is the mother of success, people can well survive the temporary blows and look forward to the right future.Through the above analysis, we can realize how important it is to keep a good mood in order to face the pressure or challenges of modem society. When most people are aware of the importance of physical health, we must simultaneously remind them of the significance of mental health.The Importance of Keeping a Good MoodIn today’s increasingly competitive world it is essential to maintain a positive attitude towards life. To put it in a metaphor, keeping a good mood is a foundation upon which our life is built.Keeping a good mood is important because it can help us solve various problems in life. The following two situations can enable us to clearly see how a positive attitude helps us cope with unpleasant things. Take English learning for example. In our effort to grasp English mistakes are unavoidable. From one perspective mistakes are annoying, but a positive attitude can make us realize that only through making mistakes can a learner be expected to make progress. Sometimes one may come down with a serious cold, feeling depressed. But a change in attitude will enable us to look at the matter from a positive perspective. The illness may teach us the importance of health.As we can see, keeping a good mood can help us to deal with mistakes in the right way and find comfort in time of sorrow. Its importance cannot be denied.The Importance of Keeping a Good MoodModern people are supposed to endure a lot of pressure, from education, career, or family. However, not all people can manage to tide them over. There are often reports of someone going insane or someone committing suicide. Those unfortunate people are not intelligently poor. Yet they were doomed only because they suffered troubled minds or mixed feelings. From their experiences, I would argue that keeping a good mood is all too important.Living in a good mood under whatsoever circumstances is important in at least two ways. For one thing, it can help one foster friendly interpersonal relation. Instead of treating colleagues or classmates as rivals or opponents, one will try to cooperate with them and benefit from them. One will work harder to keep paces with others or surpass them rather than complaining or get consumed by jealousy all the time. For another, a good mood can help one put disappointments and frustrations in the right perspective. Thinking that failure is the mother of success, one can well survive the temporary blows and look forward to the bright future. Both friendship and optimism derived from keeping a good mood or mentality are effective outlets for pressures whatsoever.Thus, we need not only to build a strong body but also keep a good mood in order to face the pressures or challenges of modern society. While most people are aware of the importance of the former, quite a proportion of people fail to recognize the significance of the latter.Section B Note-writingJune 16th, 2003Dear Clare,Thank you for inviting me to your house-warming party to be given at this weekend. I really ought to be there, but as I have a very important appointment with P rofessor Zhang, I can’t be present. How I regret to have to miss the party! Please accept my heartiest congratulations on your new home, and I will certainly call at your new home some time later. I hope you will have a good time with your friends.Yours,KateNovember 12, 2002Dear Clare,Congratulations on your moving into a new house and thanks a lot for your invitation to your house-warming party this weekend. But I won’t be able to come because I have to be in Beijing on business this Friday and will return until next Monday. Nevertheless, I hope you will enjoy the party and wish the new house of yours would bring you a wonderful new life.Yours,DikOct. 16Dear Clare,Congratulations on your moving into a new house and thanks a lot for your invitation to your house-warming party this weekend. But I really hate to tell you that I won’t be able to turn up then because I must leave for Chicago on business this Friday morning and will return until next Monday. What a pity that I should miss this important occasion! Nevertheless, I hope you will enjoy the party and wish the new house of yours would bring you a wonderful new life!Yours,Mary2004WILL PHONES KILL LETTER WRITING?According to a recent survey made by China Daily, about 200 million Chinese are using phones as their daily communications means in steady of writing letters to each other. So some people say that phones will kill letter writing. But I don’t think so.My argument that phones will not kill letter writing lies in at least three aspects. First, letter writing as a traditional way of communication still has some advantages over phones. For example, if people want to express something confidential to their close friend, they will turn to letter writing. Another example is that rural workers who are working far away from their hometown are more likely to write letters to their families than to make phone calls for the purpose of saving money. Second, letter writing is more authoritative and formal in some way. For instance, people who are doing business will write formal business letters to do a deal; people who want to recommend or introduce someone to someone else will write letter of recommendation or letter of introduction; people who want to apply for a scholarship will write a letter of application to a certain university, etc. Last but not the least, letter writing is still regarded as a token of friendship among friends. People always write letters to show their everlasting love and affection.All in all, letter writing is still very popular among people. It is still a good way for people to communicate。
1998考研英语作文
1998考研英语作文In 1998, I decided to take the postgraduate entrance exam. It was a tough decision, but I knew it was the right path for me. The exam was challenging, and I spent countless hours studying and preparing. I was determined to succeed, and I pushed myself to the limit.The day of the exam arrived, and I felt a mix of nerves and excitement. The test was grueling, and there were moments when I doubted myself. But I persevered, and I gave it my all. When the results came out, I was overjoyed to see that I had passed. It was a moment of triumph and validation for all the hard work I had put in.Going to graduate school was a whole new experience for me. The workload was intense, and the pressure was high. But I was determined to excel, and I threw myself into my studies. I made new friends and learned from some of the best professors in the field. It was a time of growth and self-discovery, and I cherished every moment of it.After two years of hard work, I finally completed my master's degree. It was a bittersweet moment, as I said goodbye to the friends and mentors who had helped me along the way. But I was also filled with a sense of accomplishment and pride. I had proven to myself that I was capable of achieving my goals, and I was ready to take on whatever challenges lay ahead.Looking back on 1998, I realize that it was a year of transformation and growth. The decision to take the postgraduate entrance exam set me on a path that would shape my future in ways I could have never imagined. It was a year of hard work, perseverance, and ultimately, success. And for that, I will always be grateful.。
英语考研之1991-1998年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
1998年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题Part ⅠCloze TestDirections：For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked \[A\], \[B\], \[C\] and \[D\]. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)Until recently most historians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution. They1that in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the2man. But they insisted that its3results during the period from 1750 to 1850 were widespread poverty and misery for the4of the English population. 5contrast, they saw in the preceding hundred years，from 1650 to 1750, when England was still a6agricultural country, a period of great abundance and prosperity.This view,7, is generally thought to be wrong. Specialists8history and economics, have9two things: that the period from 1650 to 1750 was10by great poverty, and that industrialization certainly did not worsen and may have actually improved the conditions for the majority of the populace.1.［A］admitted［B］believed［C］claimed［D］predicted2.［A］plain［B］average［D］normal3.［A］momentary［B］prompt［C］instant［D］immediate4.［A］bulk［B］host［C］gross［D］magnitude5.［A］On［B］With［C］For［D］By6.［A］broadly［B］thoroughly［C］generally［D］completely7.［A］however［B］meanwhile［C］therefore［D］moreover8.［A］at［B］in［C］about［D］for9.［A］manifested［B］approved［C］shown［D］speculated10.［A］noted［B］impressed ［C］labeled［D］markedPart ⅡReading ComprehensionDirections:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked \[A\], \[B\], \[C\] and \[D\]. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (40 points)Passage 1Few creations of big technology capture the imagination like giant dams. Perhaps it is humankind's long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the idea of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascinating. But to be fascinated is also, sometimes, to be blind. Several giant dam projects threaten to do more harm than good.The lesson from dams is that big is not always beautiful. It doesn't help that building a big, powerful dam has become a symbol of achievement for nations and people striving to assert themselves. Egypt's leadership in the Arab world was cemented by the Aswan High Dam. Turkey's bid for First World status includes the giant Ataturk Dam.But big dams tend not to work as intended. The Aswan Dam, for example, stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left-all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.And yet, the myth of controlling the waters persists. This week, in the heart of civilized Europe, Slovaks and Hungarians stopped just short of sending in the troops in their contention over a dam on the Danube. The huge complex will probably have all the usual problems of big dams. But Slovakia is bidding for independence from the Czechs, and now needs a dam to prove itself.Meanwhile, in India, the World Bank has given the go-ahead to the even more wrong-headed Narmada Dam. And the bank has done this even though its advisors say the dam will cause hardship for the powerless and environmental destruction. The benefits are for the powerful, but they are far from guaranteed.Proper, scientific study of the impacts of dams and of the costs and benefits of controlling water can help to resolve these conflicts. Hydroelectric power and flood control and irrigation are possible without building monster dams. But when you are dealing with myths, it is hard to be either proper, or scientific. It is time that the world learned the lessons of Aswan. You don't need a dam to be saved.11. The third sentence of paragraph 1 implies that.\[A\] people would be happy if they shut their eyes to reality\[B\] the blind could be happier than the sighted\[C\] over-excited people tend to neglect vital things\[D\] fascination makes people lose their eyesight12. In paragraph 5, "the powerless" probably refers to.\[A\] areas short of electricity\[B\] dams without power stations\[C\] poor countries around India\[D\] common people in the Narmada Dam area13. What is the myth concerning giant dams?\[A\] They bring in more fertile soil.\[B\] They help defend the country.\[C\] They strengthen international ties.\[D\] They have universal control of the waters.14. What the author tries to suggest may best be interpreted as.\[A\] "It's no use crying over spilt milk"\[B\] "More haste, less speed"\[C\] "Look before you leap"\[D\] "He who laughs last laughs best"Passage 2Well, no gain without pain, they say. But what about pain without gain? Everywhere you go in America, you hear tales of corporate revival. What is harder to establish is whether the productivity revolution that businessmen assume they are presiding over is for real.The official statistics are mildly discouraging. They show that, if you lump manufacturing and services together, productivity has grown on average by 1.2% since 1987. That is somewhatfaster than the average during the previous decade. And since 1991, productivity has increased by about 2% a year, which is more than twice the 1978-1987 averages. The trouble is that part of the recent acceleration is due to the usual rebound that occurs at this point in a business cycle, and so is not conclusive evidence of a revival in the underlying trend. There is, as Robert Rubin, the treasury secretary, says, a "disjunction" between the mass of business anecdote that points to a leap in productivity and the picture reflected by the statistics.Some of this can be easily explained. New ways of organizing the workplace-all that reengineering and downsizing-are only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training. Moreover, most of the changes that companies make are intended to keep them profitable, and this need not always mean increasing productivity: switching to new markets or improving quality can matter just as much.Two other explanations are more speculative. First, some of the business restructuring of recent years may have been ineptly done. Second, even if it was well done, it may have spread much less widely than people suppose.Leonard Schlesinger, a Harvard academic and former chief executive of Au Bon Pain, a rapidly growing chain of bakery cafes, says that much "reengineering" has been crude. In many cases, he believes, the loss of revenue has been greater than the reductions in cost. His colleagues, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied re-engineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long-term profitability. BBDO's Al Rosenshine is blunter. He dismisses a lot of the work of re-engineering consultants as mere rubbish-"the worst sort of ambulance-chasing".15. According to the author, the American economic situation is.\[A\] not as good as it seems\[B\] at its turning point\[C\] much better than it seems\[D\] near to complete recovery16. The official statistics on productivity growth.\[A\] exclude the usual rebound in a business cycle\[B\] fall short of businessmen's anticipation\[C\] meet the expectation of business people\[D\] fail to reflect the true state of economy17. The author raises the question "what about pain without gain?" because.\[A\] he questions the truth of "no gain without pain"\[B\] he does not think the productivity revolution works\[C\] he wonders if the official statistics are misleading\[D\] he has conclusive evidence for the revival of businesses18. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?\[A\] Radical reforms are essential for the increase of productivity.\[B\] New ways of organizing workplaces may help to increase productivity.\[C\] The reduction of costs is not a sure way to gain long-term profitability.\[D\] The consultants are a bunch of good-for-nothings.Passage 3Science has long had an uneasy relationship with other aspects of culture. Think of Gallileo's 17th-century trial for his rebelling belief before the Catholic Church or poet William Blake's harshremarks against the mechanistic worldview of Isaac Newton. The schism between science and the humanities has, if anything, deepened in this century.Until recently, the scientific community was so powerful that it could afford to ignore its critics-but no longer. As funding for science has declined, scientists have attacked "antiscience" in several books, notably Higher Superstition, by Paul R. Gross, a biologist at the University of Virginia, and Norman Levitt, a mathematician at Rutgers University; and The Demon-Haunted World, by Carl Sagan of Cornell University.Defenders of science have also voiced their concerns at meetings such as "the Flight from Science and Reason," held in New York City in 1995, and "Science in the Age of （Mis）information," which assembled last June near Buffalo.Antiscience clearly means different things to different people. Gross and Levitt find fault primarily with sociologists, philosophers and other academics who have questioned science's objectivity. Sagan is more concerned with those who believe in ghosts, creationism and other phenomena that contradict the scientific worldview.A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the antiscience tag has been attached to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.Few would dispute that the term applies to the Unabomber, whose manifesto, published in 1995, scorns science and longs for return to a pretechnological utopia. But surely that does not mean environmentalists concerned about uncontrolled industrial growth are antiscience, as an essay in US News & World Report last May seemed to suggest.The environmentalists, inevitably, respond to such critics. The true enemies of science, argues Paul Ehrlich of Stanford University, a pioneer of environmental studies, are those who question the evidence supporting global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth.Indeed, some observers fear that the antiscience epithet is in danger of becoming meaningless. "The term'antiscience' can lump together too many, quite different things, " notes Harvard University philosopher Gerald Holton in his 1993 work Science and Anti-Science. "They have in common only one thing that they tend to annoy or threaten those who regard themselves as more enlightened."19. The word "schism" (Line 3, Paragraph 1) in the context probably means.\[A\] confrontation\[B\] dissatisfaction\[C\] separation\[D\] contempt20. Paragraphs 2 and 3 are written to.\[A\] discuss the cause of the decline of science's power\[B\] show the author's sympathy with scientists\[C\] explain the way in which science develops\[D\] exemplify the division of science and the humanities21. Which of the following is true according to the passage?\[A\] Environmentalists were blamed for antiscience in an essay.\[B\] Politicians are not subject to the labeling of antiscience.\[C\] The "more enlightened" tend to tag others as antiscience.\[D\] Tagging environmentalists as "antiscience" is justifiable.22. The author's attitude toward the issue of "science vs. antiscience" is.\[A\] impartial\[B\] subjective \[C\] biased\[D\] puzzlingPassage 4Emerging from the 1980 census is the picture of a nation developing more and more regional competition, as population growth in the Northeast and Midwest reaches a near standstill.This development-and its strong implication for US politics and economy in years ahead-has enthroned the South as America's most densely populated region for the first time in the history of the nation's head counting.Altogether, the US population rose in the 1970s by 23.2 million people-numerically the third largest growth ever recorded in a single decade. Even so, that gain adds up to only 11.4 percent, lowest in American annual records except for the Depression years.Americans have been migrating south and west in larger numbers since World War II, and the pattern still prevails.Three sun-belt states-Florida, Texas and California-together had nearly 10 million more people in 1980 than a decade earlier. Among large cities, San Diego moved from 14th to 8th and San Antonio from 15th to 10th-with Cleveland and Washington, D.C., dropping out of the top 10.Not all that shift can be attributed to the movement out of the snow belt, census officials say. Nonstop waves of immigrants played a role, too-and so did bigger crops of babies as yesterday's "baby boom" generation reached its child-bearing years.Moreover, demographers see the continuing shift south and west joined by a related but newer phenomenon: More and more, Americans apparently are looking not just for places with more jobs but with fewer people, too. Some instances-■Regionally, the Rocky Mountain states reported the most rapid growth rate-37.1 percent since 1970 in a vast area with only 5 percent of the US population.■Among states, Nevada and Arizona grew fastest of all: 63.5 and 53.1 percent respectively. Except for Florida and Texas, the top 10 in rate of growth is composed of Western states with 7.5 million people-about 9 per square mile.The flight from overcrowdedness affects the migration from snow belt to more bearable climates.Nowhere do 1980 census statistics dramatize more the American search for spacious living than in the Far West. There, California added 3.7 million to its population in the 1970s, more than any other state.In that decade, however, large numbers also migrated from California, mostly to other parts of the West. Often they chose-and still are choosing-somewhat colder climates such as Oregon, Idaho and Alaska in order to escape smog, crime and other plagues of urbanization in the Golden State.As a result, California's growth rate dropped during the 1970s, to 18. 5 percent-little more than two thirds the 1960s' growth figure and considerably below that of other Western states.23. Discerned from the perplexing picture of population growth the 1980 census provided, America in 1970s.\[A\] enjoyed the lowest net growth of population in history\[B\] witnessed a southwestern shift of population\[C\] underwent an unparalleled period of population growth\[D\] brought to a standstill its pattern of migration since World War II24. The census distinguished itself from previous studies on population movement in that .\[A\] it stresses the climatic influence on population distribution\[B\] it highlights the contribution of continuous waves of immigrants\[C\] it reveals the Americans' new pursuit of spacious living\[D\] it elaborates the delayed effects of yesterday's "baby boom"25. We can see from the available statistics that.\[A\] California was once the most thinly populated area in the whole US\[B\] the top 10 states in growth rate of population were all located in the West\[C\] cities with better climates benefited unanimously from migration\[D\] Arizona ranked second of all states in its growth rate of population26. The word "demographers" (Line 1, Paragraph 7) most probably means.\[A\] people in favor of the trend of democracy\[B\] advocates of migration between states\[C\] scientists engaged in the study of population\[D\] conservatives clinging to old patterns of lifePassage 5Scattered around the globe are more than 100 small regions of isolated volcanic activity known to geologists as hot spots. Unlike most of the world's volcanoes, they are not always found at the boundaries of the great drifting plates that make up the earth's surface; on the contrary, many of them lie deep in the interior of a plate. Most of the hot spots move only slowly, and in some cases the movement of the plates past them has left trails of dead volcanoes. The hot spots and their volcanic trails are milestones that mark the passage of the plates.That the plates are moving is now beyond dispute. Africa and South America, for example, are moving away from each other as new material is injected into the sea floor between them. The complementary coastlines and certain geological features that seem to span the ocean are reminders of where the two continents were once joined. The relative motion of the plates carrying these continents has been constructed in detail, but the motion of one plate with respect to another cannot readily be translated into motion with respect to the earth's interior. It is not possible to determine whether both continents are moving in opposite directions or whether one continent is stationary and the other is drifting away from it. Hot spots, anchored in the deeper layers of the earth, provide the measuring instruments needed to resolve the question. From an analysis of the hot-spot population it appears that the African plate is stationary and that it has not moved during the past 30 million years.The significance of hot spots is not confined to their role as a frame of reference. It now appears that they also have an important influence on the geophysical processes that propel the plates across the globe. When a continental plate comes to rest over a hot spot, the material rising from deeper layers creates a broad dome. As the dome grows, it develops deep fissures (cracks); in at least a few cases the continent may break entirely along some of these fissures, so that the hot spot initiates the formation of a new ocean. Thus just as earlier theories have explained the mobility of the continents, so hot spots may explain their mutability (inconstancy).27. The author believes that.\[A\] the motion of the plates corresponds to that of the earth's interior\[B\] the geological theory about drifting plates has been proved to be true\[C\] the hot spots and the plates move slowly in opposite directions\[D\] the movement of hot spots proves the continents are moving apart28. That Africa and South America were once joined can he deduced from the fact that.\[A\] the two continents are still moving in opposite directions\[B\] they have been found to share certain geological features\[C\] the African plate has been stable for 30 million years\[D\] over 100 hot spots are scattered all around the globe29. The hot-spot theory may prove useful in explaining.\[A\] the structure of the African plates\[B\] the revival of dead volcanoes\[C\] the mobility of the continents\[D\] the formation of new oceans30. The passage is mainly about.\[A\] the features of volcanic activities\[B\] the importance of the theory about drifting plates\[C\] the significance of hot spots in geophysical studies\[DJ the process of the formation of volcanoesPart ⅢEnglish-Chinese TranslationDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Your translation must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)They were, by far, the largest and most distant objects that scientists had ever detected: a strip of enormous cosmic clouds some 15 billion light-years from earth. 31）But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago. That was just about the moment that the universe was born. What the researchers found was at once both amazing and expected: the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Cosmic Background Explorer satellite-Cobe-had discovered landmark evidence that the universe did in fact begin with the primeval explosion that has become known as the Big Bang（the theory that the universe originated in an explosion from a single mass of energy）.32）The existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang, first put forward in the 1920s, to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos. According to the theory, the universe burst into being as a submicroscopic, unimaginable dense knot of pure energy that flew outward in all directions, emitting radiation as it went, condensing into particles and then into atoms of gas. Over billions of years, the gas was compressed by gravity into galaxies, stars, plants and eventually, even humans.Cobe is designed to see just the biggest structures, but astronomers would like to see much smaller hot spots as well, the seeds of local objects like clusters and superclusters of galaxies. They shouldn't have long to wait.33）Astrophysicists working with ground-based detectors at the South Pole and balloon-borne instruments are closing in on such structures, and may report their findings soon.34）If the small hot spots look as expected, that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea, a refinement of the Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory. Inflation says that very early on, the universe expanded in size by more than a trillion trillion trillion trillionfold in much less than a second, propelled by a sort of antigravity. 35）Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation isa scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true.Section ⅣWriting36.Directions:A. Study the following cartoon carefully and write an essay in no less than 150 words.B. Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET 2.C. Your essay should meet the requirement below:1. Write out the messages conveyed by the cartoon.2. Give your comments.1997年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题Part ⅠCloze TestDirections：For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked \[A\], \[B\], \[C\] and \[D\]. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)Manpower Inc, with 560 000 workers, is the world's largest temporary employment agency. Every morning, its people1into the offices and factories of America, seeking a day's work for a day's pay，One day at a time. 2industrial giants like General Motors and IBM struggle to survive3reducing the number of employees, Manpower, based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is booming.4its economy continues to recover, the US is increasingly becoming a nation of part- timers and temporary workers. This "5" work force is the most important6in American business today, and it is7changing the relationship between people and their jobs. The phenomenon provides a way for companies to remain globally competitive 8avoiding market cycles and the growing burdens9by employment rules, healthcare costs and pension plans. For workers it can mean an end to the security, benefits and sense of 10 that came from being a loyal employee.1.［A］swarm［B］stride ［C］separate［D］slip2.［A］For［B］Because［C］As ［D］Since3.［A］from［B］in［C］on ［D］by4.［A］Even though［B］Now that ［C］If only［D］Provided that5.［A］durable［B］disposable［C］available［D］transferable6.［A］approach［B］flow ［C］fashion［D］trend7.［A］instantly ［B］reversely［C］fundamentally［D］sufficiently8.［A］but ［B］while［C］and［D］whereas9.［A］imposed［B］restricted［C］illustrated［D］confined10.［A］excitement［B］conviction［C］enthusiasm［D］importancePart ⅡReading ComprehensionDirections:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each questions there are four answers marked \[A\], \[B\], \[C\] and \[D\]. Read the passages carefully and choose the bestanswer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (40 points)Passage 1It was 3: 45 in the morning when the vote was finally taken. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. The measure passed by the convincing vote of 15 to 10. Almost immediately word flashed on the Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, executive director of the Right to Die Society of Canada. He sent it on via the group's on-line service, Death NET. Says Hofsess: "We posted bulletins all day long, because of course this isn't just something that happened in Australia. It's world history."The full import may take a while to sink in. The NT Rights of the Terminally Ill law has left physicians and citizens alike trying to deal with its moral and practical implications. Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back. In Australia-where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part-other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia. In the US and Canada, where the right-to-die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling.Under the new Northern Territory law, an adult patient can request death-probably by a deadly injection or pill-to put an end to suffering. The patient must be diagnosed as terminally ill by two doctors. After a "cooling off" period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met. For Lloyd Nickson, a 54-year-old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer, the NT Rights of Terminally Ill law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. "I'm not afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view, but what I was afraid of was how I'd go, because I've watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks, " he says.11. From the second paragraph we learn that.\[A\] the objection to euthanasia is slow to come in other countries\[B\] physicians and citizens share the same view on euthanasia\[C\] changing technology is chiefly responsible for the hasty passage of the law\[D\] it takes time to realize the significance of the law's passage12. When the author says that observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling, he means.\[A\] observers are taking a wait-and-see attitude towards the future of euthanasia\[B\] similar bills are likely to be passed in the US, Canada and other countries\[C\] observers are waiting to see the result of the game of dominoes\[D\] the effect-taking process of the passed bill may finally come to a stop13. When Lloyd Nickson dies, he will.\[A\] face his death with calm characteristic of euthanasia\[B\] experience the suffering of a lung cancer patient\[C\] have an intense fear of terrible suffering。
98年考研英语作文
98年考研英语作文As an AI, I'm not a teacher, but I can certainly help you with a sample essay for a 1998 graduate entrance examination (postgraduate entrance examination) in English. Please note that the actual content of the exam would be specific to that year's topics and requirements, but here's a general example of what a composition might look like:In the 21st century, technology has become an integral part of our daily lives, and this is especially true in the realm of education. The advent of computers, the internet, and various educational software has revolutionized the way we learn and teach.Firstly, technology has made information more accessible than ever before. Students can now access a wealth of knowledge with just a few clicks, which was unimaginable a few decades ago. This has not only broadened their horizons but also made learning a more interactive and engaging process.Secondly, the use of technology in classrooms has facilitated personalized learning. With the help of educational apps and online platforms, teachers can tailor their teaching methods to suit the individual needs of each student. This has been particularly beneficial for students with learningdifficulties, as they can receive the support they need at their own pace.However, the integration of technology in education is not without its challenges. One of the main concerns is the potential distraction that technology can cause. The abundance of online games and social media platforms can divert students' attention from their studies. Additionally, there is a risk that students may become overly reliant on technology, losing the ability to think critically and solve problems independently.In conclusion, while technology has undoubtedly brought about significant benefits to modern education, it is crucial that we balance its use with traditional teaching methods. Educators must strive to create a learning environment where technology is a tool for enhancing learning, not adistraction from it. By doing so, we can ensure that our students are well-equipped to face the challenges of the future.Please note that this is a fictional composition and the actual 1998 exam may have had different prompts and requirements. If you're preparing for a similar exam, it's important to practice writing on various topics and to familiarize yourself with the format and expectations of the exam.。
(备考四级)历年写作真题
words and you should base your
composition on the outline (given in
1994年6月CET作文题目
Chinese) below:
四级作文题：
1. 现代的交通工具越来越发达
Directions: For this part, you are
2. 也有人认为金钱是万恶之源（root of all evil） 3. 我的看法 Can Money Buy Happiness?
1995年6月CET作文题目 四级作文题： Directions: For this part, you are allowed
thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Advantage of a Job Interview. You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on outline (given in Chinese) below: 1. 现在找工作一般都要面试，通过面试，
1994年1月CET作文题目
四级作文题：
Directions: For this part, you are allowed
30 minutes to write a composition on the
topic
The World Is Getting Smaller and
Smaller. You should write at least 100
1998年1月CET作文题目
四级作文题：
Directions: For this part, you are allowed
考研英语作文历年真题及高分范文
考研英语作文历年真题及高分范文1998Directions:A.Study the following set of pictures carefully and write an essay in no less than150words.B.Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET II.C.Your essay should cover all the information provided and meet the requirements below:1.Write out the messages conveyed by the cartoon.2.Give your comments.【高分范文】As is symbolically and apparently conveyed in the drawing above, a proud hen is making a promise that eggs she laid are round without any angles and corners and have shells, egg whites and yolks. We are informed that a variety of promises have been arising from all walks of life, however, quite a lot of promises are sheer nonsense.The idea conveyed by the cartoon is apparent that some people put their duties as their promises in order to acquire immoral benefits. First of all, with the accelerated development of the market economy, some businessmen have to make such false promises for surviving in the fierce competitive surroundings. Furthermore, it is widely accepted that the moral level is declining steeply because the fair competition environment has not been established after the setting of reform and opening policy. For example, manufacturing units guarantee to turn out products of good quality. As a consequence, the intention to make such commitments is nothing but to put on civilized outer clothing to deceive the public.Personally, I advocate that special care must be taken to ensure an honest competition system.On the one hand, the regulations should be adopted by the authorities to punish the false promise makers. On the other hand, the businessmen should remember the old saying, “Honesty is the best policy”. Only through these attempts can our nation have an honest market system.【参考译文】正如上图象征性地、明显地传达的那样，一只骄傲的母鸡正在承诺：她下的蛋确保是圆的，没有棱角，并且有蛋壳、蛋白和蛋黄。
考研英语历真题大小作文原题范文及解析(1)
考研英语历真题大小作文原题范文及解析(1)考研英语历真题大小作文原题范文及解析在备考考研英语的过程中，作文是需要重点关注的一部分，尤其是大小作文的写作。
下面将对历年真题中的大小作文进行梳理，并提供范文及解析，供考生参考。
一、小作文小作文的题目分为两大类，一种是对比类的问题，另外一种是图表类的问题。
其中对比类的题目比较容易理解和答题，但图表类的题目比较有技巧，需要考生有较高的数据分析能力。
1. 对比类小作文历年真题中对比类小作文题目如下：2007年：Directions: the following chart shows the average monthly incomes of five kinds of professionals in a country. Write a short essay to compare the incomes of these people.2008年：Directions: the bar chart below shows the percentage of students in Shanghai receiving different levels of allowances from their parents. Write a short essay about the chart.2009年：Directions: the graph below shows the sales of the popular science books for four months in 2009 in a bookstore.Write a short essay to compare the sales of these books and say something about the changing trend.对比类小作文的写作思路：(1) 看清图表：在开始写作前，首先需要认真看清并理解图表内容，明确图表中所涉及的数据。
考研大作文真题范文_可背诵_
图画作文必背范文1. 1998年真题：职业道德The past several years has witnessed a phenomenon that a variety of promises have been arising from all walks of life.Regretfully, quite a lot of promises are sheer nonsense, just as the hen in the given cartoon commits herself to lay eggs which are round without any angles and corners and have shells, egg whites and yolks.Odd and funny as they sound,such false promises can be seen and heard everywhere in our country. Administration departments assure to perform their tasks effectively and fairly without taking any bribes; manufacturing units guarantee to turn out products of good quality; commercial enterprises swear to provide genuine commodities and enthusiastic services. Can you find anything new and substantial other than their obligations and duties in these so-called promises? I guess your answer will be negative. As a matter of fact, their intention to make such commitments is nothing but to put on civilized outer clothing to please or deceive the public.I dare say that our society is suffering corruption and cheat which are causing damage to society both materially and morally. But the hen and her like should know that by dishonest words no one can survive the intense competition under market economy system. They should re member the old saying, “Honesty is the best policy”.译文：过去几年发生了这样一个现象：各行各业开始出现了多种多样的承诺。
1991年专四作文
1991年专四作文英文回答：In the tapestry of life, where the threads of our experiences intertwine, the concept of "home" holds a profound significance. It represents not merely a physical abode but an emotional sanctuary, a place where we find solace, belonging, and a sense of deep-rootedness. Throughout the annals of history, poets, philosophers, and ordinary people alike have contemplated the essence of home, seeking to unravel its multifaceted nature.The phrase "home is where the heart is" captures the idea that true home is not confined within walls but rather resides within the bonds we forge with others. It is in the company of loved ones, whether they be family, friends, or soulmates, that we experience a sense of belonging and completeness. A true home is a haven where we can shed our facades, embrace our vulnerabilities, and feel unconditionally loved and accepted.However, the concept of home extends beyond theconfines of human relationships. It encompasses our connection to our surroundings, to the natural world that nourishes and sustains us. From the familiar streets of our childhood to the breathtaking landscapes that inspire awe and wonder, our surroundings can evoke a deep sense of home. It is in these places that we find a sense of place, a rootedness that binds us to the fabric of life.The notion of home is also inextricably linked to our cultural heritage and traditions. The customs, beliefs, and values that we inherit from our ancestors shape our understanding of what it means to belong. Through shared experiences, stories, and rituals, we connect with our past and forge a sense of continuity that extends beyond our individual lives. The places where these traditions are preserved and celebrated become touchstones of ourcollective memory, reminding us of our origins andgrounding us in a sense of purpose.Moreover, home can be a source of empowerment andagency. When we feel rooted and secure in our surroundings, we are more likely to take risks, pursue our passions, and make meaningful contributions to our communities. A true home provides us with a foundation from which we can grow, learn, and become the best versions of ourselves. It is a place where we can recharge, refocus, and find the strength to face life's challenges with renewed vigor.中文回答：“家是心灵的港湾”这一说法恰如其分地表达了家的真谛。
考研真题作文
考研真题作文篇一《合作的力量》在生活中，大家肯定都知道合作很重要，但是有时候对这事儿的理解那可真是得有点特殊经历才深刻。
就像我之前参加的一次校园寻宝活动，那可真是把合作这事儿给体现得明明白白的。
我们这一组大概有五个人，一开始啊，大家虽说认识，但是也没有特别熟悉。
活动规则就是在校园里找到特定的几个小物件，按要求组合起来就算赢。
刚开始找的时候呢，每个人都有自己的想法。
有个同学叫小李，他觉得应该先去花园找找，说以前在那儿看到过类似小物件的东西。
另一个同学小王呢，觉得要去图书馆，因为那里人多，说不定在角落就能发现。
大家各执一词，各自朝着自己想去的地方去了，结果啊，分散找了半天，啥都没找着。
这个时候呢，大家都有点没辙了。
我就寻思这不行啊，得团结起来。
我提议咱先找个固定的点集合，再把学校地图拿出来认真分析分析。
大家虽然一开始不太乐意，但是还是都过来了。
我们一边看着地图，一边分析每个可能藏东西的地方。
最后大家商量出了个路线，每个人负责一块区域，有新发现就赶紧联系彼此。
然后呢，奇迹就发生了。
小王在图书馆书架的角落发现了一部分小物件，我在操场边的草丛里看到了另一个相关的东西。
最后我们这一组顺利地把这些东西组合起来，完成了任务。
这事儿啊，让我感受到合作不是说大家在一起就叫合作了，得有共同的方向，得善于听取别人的意见。
这就跟咱们以后如果要做项目一样，不能光自己埋头干，得跟小组成员一起朝着一个方向努力。
这不就跟考研一样嘛，虽然是自己要努力复习，但是在学习的过程中也是可以和其他研友交流合作的呀，比如说分享个学习资料，讨论下难题的解法之类的。
相互合作能让大家都走得更远呢。
篇二《坚持的意义》讲真，坚持这东西，不亲身经历你都不知道有多重要。
我就跟你们说说我邻居老张学乐器的事儿。
老张一直特别喜欢二胡，年轻的时候就想学，但是各种事儿给耽搁了。
后来退休了，就开始正儿八经地学二胡。
那刚开始啊，二胡这玩意儿真不是那么好驾驭的。
老张拉出的音儿那叫一个惨不忍睹，就跟锯木头没啥两样，他家养的猫听了都要跳着逃跑。
98年英语一作文
98年英语一作文In the late 1990s, the Internet was just beginning to makeits presence felt in the field of education. This essay will explore the impact of the Internet on education during that time, focusing on how it revolutionized access to information, teaching methods, and global connectivity.Firstly, the Internet provided a wealth of information at the fingertips of students and educators alike. In 1998, theability to quickly search for and access scholarly articles, educational resources, and a vast array of data was a game-changer. This led to a significant shift in the way research was conducted, as students no longer had to rely solely on physical libraries and could instead tap into a global database of knowledge.Secondly, the advent of online learning platforms and digital teaching tools transformed the classroom experience.Interactive software and multimedia presentations became more prevalent, offering a more dynamic and engaging way to learn. Teachers could now supplement traditional lectures withonline quizzes, discussion forums, and collaborative projects, which fostered a more interactive and student-centeredlearning environment.Moreover, the Internet facilitated global connectivity, allowing students to connect with peers and educators from around the world. This opened up opportunities for culturalexchange and international collaboration. For instance, students could participate in online exchanges, work on joint projects with classmates from different countries, and even take virtual field trips to places they might never have the chance to visit in person.However, the Internet also presented challenges in the late 1990s. Issues such as digital divide, where access to technology was unequal, and concerns over the reliability and quality of online information were significant. Additionally, there were debates over the impact of screen time onstudents' social skills and the potential for distractionfrom the Internet's vast reservoir of non-educational content.In conclusion, the Internet in 1998 marked a pivotal momentin the history of education. It offered unprecedented accessto information, innovative teaching methods, and global collaboration opportunities. While challenges existed, the potential for growth and improvement in educational practices was undeniable. The 1998s set the stage for the ongoing evolution of education in the digital age.。
1991-1998年中国科学院遗传研究所考研真题
中国科学院遗传研究所硕士学位研究生1991年入学考试普通遗传学试题一、名词解释（20分）剂量补偿作用组成性突变性选择压力渐渗杂交转染F因子回文环异源多倍体反义核酸克隆（无性繁殖系）选择学说二、选择题（10分）1、某人是一个常染色体基因的杂合子Bb，而他带有一个隐性的X连锁基因d。
在他的精子中有多大比例带有bd基因。
(a)0；(b)1/2；(c)1/8；(d)1/16；（e）1/4。
2、有图谱系中，涂黑者为带有性状的W个体，这种性状在群体中是罕见的。
如下哪种情况是于谱系中的传递情况一致的？●□●□□●■○●●●●■○(a)常染色体隐性；(b)常染色体显性；（c）X连锁隐性；（d）X连锁显性；（e）Y连锁。
3、在一个突变过程中，一对额外的核苷酸插入DNA内，会得什么样的结果？(a)完全没有蛋白产物；(b)产生的蛋白中有一个氨基酸发生变化。
(c)产生的蛋白中有三个氨基酸发生变化。
(d)产生的蛋白中有一个氨基酸发生变化。
(e)产生的蛋白中，插入部位以后的大部分氨基酸都发生变化。
4、假设某种二倍体植物的细胞质在遗传上不同于植物B。
为了研究核-质关系，想获得一种植株，这种植株具有A的细胞质，而细胞核却主要是B的基因组，应该怎样做？(a)A×B的后代连续自交(b)B×A的后代连续自交(c) A×B的后代连续与B回交(d) A×B的后代连续与A回交(e) B×A的后代连续与B回交；（f）B×A的后代连续与A回交。
三、问答题：1、某城市医院的94,075个新生儿中，有10个是软骨发育不全的侏儒（软骨发育不全是一种充分表现的常染色体显性突变），其中只有2个侏儒的父亲或母亲是侏儒。
试问在配子中来自软骨发育不全的突变频率是多少？（10分）2、某种介壳虫的二倍体数为10，在雄性细胞中，5个染色体总是呈异染色质状态，另外5个染色体呈常染色质状态。
而在雌细胞中，所有10个染色体都是常染色体的。
考研英语作文真题及范文
考研英语作文真题及范文全真模拟题指的是某年某考试出题组题库中的题目，但并未在该考试中正式出现，因此不能等同于真题。
下面是店铺给大家整理的考研英语作文真题及范文，供大家参阅!考研英语作文真题及范文篇1一篇短文中，主题(theme)至关重要，而主题就是题义。
在图表作文中，考生应首先花一定的时间仔细阅读图表，理解其中所包含的信息以及作者想要表达的思想。
今年的图表包括两幅图，其中的一幅向我们展示了本世纪初世界渔业资源的情景，而另一幅则告诉我们在本世纪末人类所面临的尴尬境况。
通过对比，考生可以清楚地认识到本图作者要想表达的思想：人类无节制地捕捞鱼类资源导致了海洋生态环境的恶化，长此以往，人类将不但面临无鱼可捕的境地，而且极可能给自己带来毁灭性的灾难。
获得了这些必要的信息、理解了作者的意图之后，考生便可以根据题目的规定开始组织内容了。
[参考范文]A Brief History of World Commercial FishingThe two pictures tell us that during the 20th century the in crease of advanced commercial fishing resulted in a sharp decrease of fish. With only a few simple sailing vessels fishing in 1900, there were plenty of fish. But until 1995 with more advanced commercial fishing ships doing, fish remained much less. If such a casegoes on, then fish is to be extinct from the world and we will have none to eat in no time.Studying further, we will obtain more beyond the two pictures. First, all natural resources such as fish are limited. Second, even with modern science and technology, man should not overuse the natural resources just for enormous private interests. Last but not least, protecting natural resources hasbecome one of our immediate key tasks now.In my opinion, many ways can be found and fishprotecting carried out if we are determined. For example, the commercial fishing should be confined by law to certain species in certain areas and seasons while fish must be raised. Otherwise, the fishers will be fined, confiscated or put into prison. With all countriescontributing as much to the protection of natural resources, man can have adequate natural resources to use permanently.考研英语作文真题及范文篇2文章依然可以采取三段式。
考研英语考前写作必备手册第四章(九)
考研英语考前写作必备手册第四章（九）第九节剖析1998年真题一.1998 年真题解说Directions:A. Study the following cartoon carefully and write an essay in no less than 150 words.B. Your essay must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET Ⅱ.C. Your essay should meet the requirements below:1. Write out the messages conveyed by the cartoon.2. Give your comments.1998 年的考研作文是第一次消失图画作文，图画作文又可以细分为照片、图片、漫画等多种形式。
另外还有一点变化，就是从1998 年开头考研写作字数从原来不少于120 字增加到不少于150字，这一要求始终持续到2000 年。
从2001 年起，字数增加到200 字左右。
不过从20xx 年起由于增加了应用文作文，故大作文的字数要求有所降低，为现在的160-200字左右。
不过图画类作文应当是考试预备的重中之重。
本题属于漫画类，画的是一只下蛋的母鸡，可笑的是母鸡手中拿着一份承诺书，旁边还有一首诗对漫画的内容进行了讽刺。
对于漫画类题型，考生留意对漫画的描述不是最重要的，与之相比，揭示出其中的深刻寓意更为重要。
本题的提纲要求两点：第一点是写出漫画所包含的信息;其次点是给出评论。
总的说来，第一点是相当固定的，考生只要对漫画进行简洁描述就可以了。
需要提示的是我们应着力描写母鸡手中的承诺书，而不需要将旁边的诗进行逐句翻译，不过诗歌的题目倒是可以借鉴《如此承诺》，因此考生可以将本文的题目写成如My View on So called Promises 等。
提纲的其次点为考生留出了很大的想象的空间。
诚信问题始终是社会热点问题，认为正确而不怀疑考生写作都会有许多的思路，只要选择自己能够驾驭的语言将其意义揭示出来，并发表自己的看法即可。
考研真题范文(通用九篇)
考研真题范文(通用九篇)（经典版）编制人：__________________审核人：__________________审批人：__________________编制单位：__________________编制时间：____年____月____日序言下载提示：该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的，希望大家下载后，能够帮助大家解决实际问题。
文档下载后可定制修改，请根据实际需要进行调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种类型的经典范文，如工作总结、工作计划、合同协议、条据文书、策划方案、句子大全、作文大全、诗词歌赋、教案资料、其他范文等等，想了解不同范文格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by this editor. I hope that after you download it, it can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you!Moreover, our store provides various types of classic sample essays for everyone, such as work summaries, work plans, contract agreements, doctrinal documents, planning plans, complete sentences, complete compositions, poems, songs, teaching materials, and other sample essays. If you want to learn about different sample formats and writing methods, please stay tuned!考研真题范文(通用九篇)考研真题范文(篇一)1、英语前沿报刊2、考研英语复习不同于其他科目，需要考生长期积累。
英语考研之1991-1998年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
英语考研之1991-1998年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：1998年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题Part ⅠCloze TestDirections：For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked \[A\], \[B\], \[C\] and \[D\]. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)Until recently most historians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution. They1that in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the2man. But they insisted that its3results during the period from 1750 to 1850 were widespread poverty and misery for the4of the English population. 5contrast, they saw in the preceding hundred years，from 1650 to 1750, when England was still a6agricultural country, a period of great abundance and prosperity.This view,7, is generally thought to be wrong. Specialists8history and economics, have9two things: that the period from 1650 to 1750 was10by great poverty, and that industrialization certainly did not worsen and may have actually improved the conditions for the majority of the populace.1.［A］admitted［B］believed［C］claimed［D］predicted2.［A］plain［B］average［D］normal3.［A］momentary［B］prompt［C］instant［D］immediate4.［A］bulk［B］host［C］gross［D］magnitude5.［A］On［B］With［C］For［D］By6.［A］broadly［B］thoroughly［C］generally［D］completely7.［A］however［B］meanwhile［C］therefore［D］moreover8.［A］at［B］in［C］about［D］for9.［A］manifested［B］approved［C］shown［D］speculated10.［A］noted［B］impressed ［C］labeled［D］markedPart ⅡReading ComprehensionDirections:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked \[A\], \[B\], \[C\] and \[D\]. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (40 points)Passage 1Few creations of big technology capture the imagination like giant dams. Perhaps it is humankind's long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the idea of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascinating. But to be fascinated is also, sometimes, to be blind. Several giant dam projects threaten to do more harm than good.The lesson from dams is that big is not always beautiful. It doesn't help that building a big, powerful dam has become a symbol of achievement for nations and people striving to assert themselves. Egypt's leadership in the Arab world was cemented by the Aswan High Dam. Turkey's bid for First World status includes the giant Ataturk Dam.But big dams tend not to work as intended. The Aswan Dam, for example, stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left-all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.And yet, the myth of controlling the waters persists. This week, in the heart of civilized Europe, Slovaks and Hungarians stopped just short of sending in the troops in their contention over a dam on the Danube. The huge complex will probably have all the usual problems of big dams. But Slovakia is bidding for independence from the Czechs, and now needs a dam to prove itself.Meanwhile, in India, the World Bank has given the go-ahead to the even more wrong-headed Narmada Dam. And the bank has done this even though its advisors say the dam will cause hardship for the powerless and environmental destruction. The benefits are for the powerful, but they are far from guaranteed.Proper, scientific study of the impacts of dams and of the costs and benefits of controlling water can help to resolve these conflicts. Hydroelectric power and flood control and irrigation are possible without building monster dams. But when you are dealing with myths, it is hard to be either proper, or scientific. It is time that the world learned the lessons of Aswan. You don't need a dam to be saved.11. The third sentence of paragraph 1 implies that.\[A\] people would be happy if they shut their eyes to reality\[B\] the blind could be happier than the sighted\[C\] over-excited people tend to neglect vital things\[D\] fascination makes people lose their eyesight12. In paragraph 5, "the powerless" probably refers to.\[A\] areas short of electricity\[B\] dams without power stations\[C\] poor countries around India\[D\] common people in the Narmada Dam area13. What is the myth concerning giant dams?\[A\] They bring in more fertile soil.\[B\] They help defend the country.\[C\] They strengthen international ties.\[D\] They have universal control of the waters.14. What the author tries to suggest may best be interpreted as.\[A\] "It's no use crying over spilt milk"\[B\] "More haste, less speed"\[C\] "Look before you leap"\[D\] "He who laughs last laughs best"Passage 2Well, no gain without pain, they say. But what about pain without gain? Everywhere you go in America, you hear tales of corporate revival. What is harder to establish is whether the productivity revolution that businessmen assume they are presiding over is for real.The official statistics are mildly discouraging. They show that, if you lump manufacturing and services together, productivity has grown on average by 1.2% since 1987. That is somewhatfaster than the average during the previous decade. And since 1991, productivity has increased by about 2% a year, which is more than twice the 1978-1987 averages. The trouble is that part of the recent acceleration is due to the usual rebound that occurs at this point in a business cycle, and so is not conclusive evidence of a revival in the underlying trend. There is, as Robert Rubin, the treasury secretary, says, a "disjunction" between the mass of business anecdote that points to a leap in productivity and the picture reflected by the statistics.Some of this can be easily explained. New ways of organizing the workplace-all that reengineering and downsizing-are only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training. Moreover, most of the changes that companies make are intended to keep them profitable, and this need not always mean increasing productivity: switching to new markets or improving quality can matter just as much.Two other explanations are more speculative. First, some of the business restructuring of recent years may have been ineptly done. Second, even if it was well done, it may have spread much less widely than people suppose.Leonard Schlesinger, a Harvard academic and former chief executive of Au Bon Pain, a rapidly growing chain of bakery cafes, says that much "reengineering" has been crude. In many cases, he believes, the loss of revenue has been greater than the reductions in cost. His colleagues, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied re-engineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long-term profitability. BBDO's Al Rosenshine is blunter. He dismisses a lot of the work of re-engineering consultants as mere rubbish-"the worst sort of ambulance-chasing".15. According to the author, the American economic situation is.\[A\] not as good as it seems\[B\] at its turning point\[C\] much better than it seems\[D\] near to complete recovery16. The official statistics on productivity growth.\[A\] exclude the usual rebound in a business cycle\[B\] fall short of businessmen's anticipation\[C\] meet the expectation of business people\[D\] fail to reflect the true state of economy17. The author raises the question "what about pain without gain?" because.\[A\] he questions the truth of "no gain without pain"\[B\] he does not think the productivity revolution works\[C\] he wonders if the official statistics are misleading\[D\] he has conclusive evidence for the revival of businesses18. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?\[A\] Radical reforms are essential for the increase of productivity.\[B\] New ways of organizing workplaces may help to increase productivity.\[C\] The reduction of costs is not a sure way to gain long-term profitability.\[D\] The consultants are a bunch of good-for-nothings.Passage 3Science has long had an uneasy relationship with other aspects of culture. Think of Gallileo's 17th-century trial for his rebelling belief before the Catholic Church or poet William Blake's harshremarks against the mechanistic worldview of Isaac Newton. The schism between science and the humanities has, if anything, deepened in this century.Until recently, the scientific community was so powerful that it could afford to ignore its critics-but no longer. As funding for science has declined, scientists have attacked "antiscience" in several books, notably Higher Superstition, by Paul R. Gross, a biologist at the University of Virginia, and Norman Levitt, a mathematician at Rutgers University; and The Demon-Haunted World, by Carl Sagan of Cornell University.Defenders of science have also voiced their concerns at meetings such as "the Flight from Science and Reason," held in New York City in 1995, and "Science in the Age of （Mis）information," which assembled last June near Buffalo.Antiscience clearly means different things to different people. Gross and Levitt find fault primarily with sociologists, philosophers and other academics who have questioned science's objectivity. Sagan is more concerned with those who believe in ghosts, creationism and other phenomena that contradict the scientific worldview.A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the antiscience tag has been attached to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.Few would dispute that the term applies to the Unabomber, whose manifesto, published in 1995, scorns science and longs for return to a pretechnological utopia. But surely that does not mean environmentalists concerned about uncontrolled industrial growth are antiscience, as an essay in US News & World Report last May seemed to suggest.The environmentalists, inevitably, respond to such critics. The true enemies of science, argues Paul Ehrlich of Stanford University, a pioneer of environmental studies, are those who question the evidence supporting global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth.Indeed, some observers fear that the antiscience epithet is in danger of becoming meaningless. "The term'antiscience' can lump together too many, quite different things, " notes Harvard University philosopher Gerald Holton in his 1993 work Science and Anti-Science. "They have in common only one thing that they tend to annoy or threaten those who regard themselves as more enlightened."19. The word "schism" (Line 3, Paragraph 1) in the context probably means.\[A\] confrontation\[B\] dissatisfaction\[C\] separation\[D\] contempt20. Paragraphs 2 and 3 are written to.\[A\] discuss the cause of the decline of science's power\[B\] show the author's sympathy with scientists\[C\] explain the way in which science develops\[D\] exemplify the division of science and the humanities21. Which of the following is true according to the passage?\[A\] Environmentalists were blamed for antiscience in an essay.\[B\] Politicians are not subject to the labeling of antiscience.\[C\] The "more enlightened" tend to tag others as antiscience.\[D\] Tagging environmentalists as "antiscience" is justifiable.22. The author's attitude toward the issue of "science vs. antiscience" is.\[A\] impartial\[B\] subjective \[C\] biased\[D\] puzzlingPassage 4Emerging from the 1980 census is the picture of a nation developing more and more regional competition, as population growth in the Northeast and Midwest reaches a near standstill.This development-and its strong implication for US politics and economy in years ahead-has enthroned the South as America's most densely populated region for the first time in the history of the nation's head counting.Altogether, the US population rose in the 1970s by 23.2 million people-numerically the third largest growth ever recorded in a single decade. Even so, that gain adds up to only 11.4 percent, lowest in American annual records except for the Depression years.Americans have been migrating south and west in larger numbers since World War II, and the pattern still prevails.Three sun-belt states-Florida, Texas and California-together had nearly 10 million more people in 1980 than a decade earlier. Among large cities, San Diego moved from 14th to 8th and San Antonio from 15th to 10th-with Cleveland and Washington, D.C., dropping out of the top 10.Not all that shift can be attributed to the movement out of the snow belt, census officials say. Nonstop waves of immigrants played a role, too-and so did bigger crops of babies as yesterday's "baby boom" generation reached its child-bearing years.Moreover, demographers see the continuing shift south and west joined by a related but newer phenomenon: More and more, Americans apparently are looking not just for places with more jobs but with fewer people, too. Some instances-■Regionally, the Rocky Mountain states reported the most rapid growth rate-37.1 percent since 1970 in a vast area with only 5 percent of the US population.■Among states, Nevada and Arizona grew fastest of all: 63.5 and 53.1 percent respectively. Except for Florida and Texas, the top 10 in rate of growth is composed of Western states with 7.5 million people-about 9 per square mile.The flight from overcrowdedness affects the migration from snow belt to more bearable climates.Nowhere do 1980 census statistics dramatize more the American search for spacious living than in the Far West. There, California added 3.7 million to its population in the 1970s, more than any other state.In that decade, however, large numbers also migrated from California, mostly to other parts of the West. Often they chose-and still are choosing-somewhat colder climates such as Oregon, Idaho and Alaska in order to escape smog, crime and other plagues of urbanization in the Golden State.As a result, California's growth rate dropped during the 1970s, to 18. 5 percent-little more than two thirds the 1960s' growth figure and considerably below that of other Western states.23. Discerned from the perplexing picture of population growth the 1980 census provided, America in 1970s.\[A\] enjoyed the lowest net growth of population in history\[B\] witnessed a southwestern shift of population\[C\] underwent an unparalleled period of population growth\[D\] brought to a standstill its pattern of migration since World War II24. The census distinguished itself from previous studies on population movement in that .\[A\] it stresses the climatic influence on population distribution\[B\] it highlights the contribution of continuous waves of immigrants\[C\] it reveals the Americans' new pursuit of spacious living\[D\] it elaborates the delayed effects of yesterday's "baby boom"25. We can see from the available statistics that.\[A\] California was once the most thinly populated area in the whole US\[B\] the top 10 states in growth rate of population were all located in the West\[C\] cities with better climates benefited unanimously from migration\[D\] Arizona ranked second of all states in its growth rate of population26. The word "demographers" (Line 1, Paragraph 7) most probably means.\[A\] people in favor of the trend of democracy\[B\] advocates of migration between states\[C\] scientists engaged in the study of population\[D\] conservatives clinging to old patterns of lifePassage 5Scattered around the globe are more than 100 small regions of isolated volcanic activity known to geologists as hot spots. Unlike most of the world's volcanoes, they are not always found at the boundaries of the great drifting plates that make up the earth's surface; on the contrary, many of them lie deep in the interior of a plate. Most of the hot spots move only slowly, and in some cases the movement of the plates past them has left trails of dead volcanoes. The hot spots and their volcanic trails are milestones that mark the passage of the plates.That the plates are moving is now beyond dispute. Africa and South America, for example, are moving away from each other as new material is injected into the sea floor between them. The complementary coastlines and certain geological features that seem to span the ocean are reminders of where the two continents were once joined. The relative motion of the plates carrying these continents has been constructed in detail, but the motion of one plate with respect to another cannot readily be translated into motion with respect to the earth's interior. It is not possible to determine whether both continents are moving in opposite directions or whether one continent is stationary and the other is drifting away from it. Hot spots, anchored in the deeper layers of the earth, provide the measuring instruments needed to resolve the question. From an analysis of the hot-spot population it appears that the African plate is stationary and that it has not moved during the past 30 million years.The significance of hot spots is not confined to their role as a frame of reference. It now appears that they also have an important influence on the geophysical processes that propel the plates across the globe. When a continental plate comes to rest over a hot spot, the material rising from deeper layers creates a broad dome. As the dome grows, it develops deep fissures (cracks); in at least a few cases the continent may break entirely along some of these fissures, so that the hot spot initiates the formation of a new ocean. Thus just as earlier theories have explained the mobility of the continents, so hot spots may explain their mutability (inconstancy).27. The author believes that.\[A\] the motion of the plates corresponds to that of the earth's interior\[B\] the geological theory about drifting plates has been proved to be true\[C\] the hot spots and the plates move slowly in opposite directions\[D\] the movement of hot spots proves the continents are moving apart28. That Africa and South America were once joined can he deduced from the fact that.\[A\] the two continents are still moving in opposite directions\[B\] they have been found to share certain geological features\[C\] the African plate has been stable for 30 million years\[D\] over 100 hot spots are scattered all around the globe29. The hot-spot theory may prove useful in explaining.\[A\] the structure of the African plates\[B\] the revival of dead volcanoes\[C\] the mobility of the continents\[D\] the formation of new oceans30. The passage is mainly about.\[A\] the features of volcanic activities\[B\] the importance of the theory about drifting plates\[C\] the significance of hot spots in geophysical studies\[DJ the process of the formation of volcanoesPart ⅢEnglish-Chinese TranslationDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Your translation must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)They were, by far, the largest and most distant objects that scientists had ever detected: a strip of enormous cosmic clouds some 15 billion light-years from earth. 31）But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago. That was just about the moment that the universe was born. What the researchers found was at once both amazing and expected: the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Cosmic Background Explorer satellite-Cobe-had discovered landmark evidence that the universe did in fact begin with the primeval explosion that has become known as the Big Bang（the theory that the universe originated in an explosion from a single mass of energy）.32）The existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang, first put forward in the 1920s, to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos. According to the theory, the universe burst into being as a submicroscopic, unimaginable dense knot of pure energy that flew outward in all directions, emitting radiation as it went, condensing into particles and then into atoms of gas. Over billions of years, the gas was compressed by gravity into galaxies, stars, plants and eventually, even humans.Cobe is designed to see just the biggest structures, but astronomers would like to see much smaller hot spots as well, the seeds of local objects like clusters and superclusters of galaxies. They shouldn't have long to wait.33）Astrophysicists working with ground-based detectors at the South Pole and balloon-borne instruments are closing in on such structures, and may report their findings soon.34）If the small hot spots look as expected, that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea, a refinement of the Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory. Inflation says that very early on, the universe expanded in size by more than a trillion trillion trillion trillionfold in much less than a second, propelled by a sort of antigravity. 35）Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation isa scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true.Section ⅣWriting36.Directions:A. Study the following cartoon carefully and write an essay in no less than 150 words.B. Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET 2.C. Your essay should meet the requirement below:1. Write out the messages conveyed by the cartoon.2. Give your comments.1997年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题Part ⅠCloze TestDirections：For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked \[A\], \[B\], \[C\] and \[D\]. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)Manpower Inc, with 560 000 workers, is the world's largest temporary employment agency. Every morning, its people1into the offices and factories of America, seeking a day's work for a day's pay，One day at a time. 2industrial giants like General Motors and IBM struggle to survive3reducing the number of employees, Manpower, based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is booming.4its economy continues to recover, the US is increasingly becoming a nation of part- timers and temporary workers. This "5" work force is the most important6in American business today, and it is7changing the relationship between people and their jobs. The phenomenon provides a way for companies to remain globally competitive 8avoiding market cycles and the growing burdens9by employment rules, healthcare costs and pension plans. For workers it can mean an end to the security, benefits and sense of 10 that came from being a loyal employee.1.［A］swarm［B］stride ［C］separate［D］slip2.［A］For［B］Because［C］As ［D］Since3.［A］from［B］in［C］on ［D］by4.［A］Even though［B］Now that ［C］If only［D］Provided that5.［A］durable［B］disposable［C］available［D］transferable6.［A］approach［B］flow ［C］fashion［D］trend7.［A］instantly ［B］reversely［C］fundamentally［D］sufficiently8.［A］but ［B］while［C］and［D］whereas9.［A］imposed［B］restricted［C］illustrated［D］confined10.［A］excitement［B］conviction［C］enthusiasm［D］importancePart ⅡReading ComprehensionDirections:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each questions there are four answers marked \[A\], \[B\], \[C\] and \[D\]. Read the passages carefully and choose the bestanswer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (40 points)Passage 1It was 3: 45 in the morning when the vote was finally taken. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. The measure passed by the convincing vote of 15 to 10. Almost immediately word flashed on the Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, executive director of the Right to Die Society of Canada. He sent it on via the group's on-line service, Death NET. Says Hofsess: "We posted bulletins all day long, because of course this isn't just something that happened in Australia. It's world history."The full import may take a while to sink in. The NT Rights of the Terminally Ill law has left physicians and citizens alike trying to deal with its moral and practical implications. Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back. In Australia-where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part-other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia. In the US and Canada, where the right-to-die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling.Under the new Northern Territory law, an adult patient can request death-probably by a deadly injection or pill-to put an end to suffering. The patient must be diagnosed as terminally ill by two doctors. After a "cooling off" period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met. For Lloyd Nickson, a 54-year-old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer, the NT Rights of Terminally Ill law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. "I'm not afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view, but what I was afraid of was how I'd go, because I've watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks, " he says.11. From the second paragraph we learn that.\[A\] the objection to euthanasia is slow to come in other countries\[B\] physicians and citizens share the same view on euthanasia\[C\] changing technology is chiefly responsible for the hasty passage of the law\[D\] it takes time to realize the significance of the law's passage12. When the author says that observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling, he means.\[A\] observers are taking a wait-and-see attitude towards the future of euthanasia\[B\] similar bills are likely to be passed in the US, Canada and other countries\[C\] observers are waiting to see the result of the game of dominoes\[D\] the effect-taking process of the passed bill may finally come to a stop13. When Lloyd Nickson dies, he will.\[A\] face his death with calm characteristic of euthanasia\[B\] experience the suffering of a lung cancer patient\[C\] have an intense fear of terrible suffering。
1998年真题作文
1998年真题作文In the picture stands a hen ,who holds a notice with words on it –hen herself has attended to promise that her eggs which contain shells ,egg whites and yolks are round without angles and corners.The picture does reveal certain disturbing social phenomenon , that is ,people tend to overlook the fact that the so-called promise, flourishing through all walks of life ,is the essential responsibility ,and thus extravagant emphasis on it is an unnecessary move. The public attaches due attention to the false promise . The private businessmen ,striving to make profits ,utilize chemistry such as plasticizer ,clenbuterol(这个单词是某种剂，但现在怎么查也查不到了，老师将就着看看吧，找个单词代替了也行！) and its like added up to products to promote their goods and services in competition with other businessmen . By doing so , their activities pose a threat to public mental and physical well-being , thereby cause heart disease , hypertension and cardiovascular disease .According to the survey conducted by Chinese Academy of Social Science (CASS),63.93% of people certainly insist that failure to realize the severity of the false promise will inevitably decrease the success of transaction .It is imperative to come up with countermeasures .To begin with ,manufacturers guarantee to turn out the products of good quality ; secondly, commercial enterprise swear to provide genuine commodities and polite and enthusiastic services ; last but not least ,administration departments assure to perform their tasks effectively and fairly without taking any bribes.1999年真题作文As is shown ,the first graph-US Population Growth Over Time, exhibits that number of population was nearly 0 in America in 1800 and until （这里用不用加个in？）2000 it appeared to be 260 million ;the pre-to post-number had increased on average 20 million within 20 years .However ,the other graph suggests that the number of the American species extinction had increased ranging from 10 million to 70million since in (这个in要不要呢？)1600 until 1900. The two graph do reveal a certain disturbing phenomenon ,that is ,people tend to overlook the fact that a large number of population has posed a threat to the wildlife and even cause the extinction of species .The public attaches due attention to environmental problems .For one thing ,the pollutants like monoxide ,dioxide ,sulfur builds(老师，这是你春季班给的句型，但我不知道build为何有s，还是sulfur builds是一个词？)up in the atmosphere and cause the degradation of air quality ;for the other thing , the industrial sewage dumped into rivers and lakes and dwindling tropical jungles both are responsible for the death of wildlife .According to the survey conducted by Chinese Academy of Social Science (CASS),63.93% of people insistently suppose that failure to realize the importance of wildlife protection will inevitably decrease our standard of living .It is imperative that the government come up with countermeasures, including both to raise the public awareness of protecting animals and to make the comprehensive rules and regulations in regard to environment preservation .2000年真题作文As is shown, in 1900 a large number of fishes stayed in the ocean, where people standing on the boat are fishing .Still, in 1995 when the marine biomass has suffered a great loss with the commercial fishing vessels rapidly increasing .These pictures do reveal a certain disturbing social phenomenon ,that is , people tend to overlook the fact that aquatic species are in the presence of extinction .The public attaches dueattention to the limited ocean resource . Extravagant fishing poses a threat to the diversity of what is in the sea .Were the tendency to continue as it is ,our future generation would never bother to think of excuse for us .According to the survey conducted by Chinese Academy of Social Science (CASS),63.93% of people insistently suppose that failure to realize the severity of lack of species will inevitably decrease the possibility of human survival .It is imperative that senior departmental officials appeal the public to be made aware of environment preservation .In addition ,the government makes a comprehensive rules and regulations in regard to protect the environment .Only by the way can we have a brilliant future .（第二段太骨感了，老师给点新内容吧！！）。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
1997 年(2001 年Fra bibliotek纲样题)Ⅰ. Direction:（去掉 1997 年的叙述，以 2001 年的新表述为准。 ）
The majority of people would agree that cigarette smoking has caused serious problems. But the tobacco companies insist that they contribute greatly to the world economy by paying taxes to the government and employing hundreds of workers. [现象现状说明段] Personally, I believe that cigarette production and consumption threatens to do more harm than good. Firstly, smoking is responsible for many fatal diseases such as lung cancer, heart diseases and so on. According to the survey, tobacco consumers account for about 20% of the world population, and among them, three million people die from smoking-related diseases every year. The fact that the output of tobacco production is reduced from 143.64 billion pounds in 1994 to 142 billion pounds in 1995 also suggests that people have come to realize the negative effects of smoking. Secondly, tobacco consumption is extremely wasteful of money. As is indicated in the pictures, 200 billion US dollars is lost due to smoking each year. Obviously, the total loss of money around the globe substantially exceeds the gain in the industry. [利弊说明段] In conclusion, as the economic development aims at making our life better, we cannot sacrifice our health for short-term financial benefits. If we have to spend more and more money providing medical services for those who suffer from smoking-related illnesses, the notion of promoting economy via tobacco production is not justifiable. It is high time that we fought for the total tobacco ban. [归纳结论段]
1995 年
Ⅰ. Direction: A. Title: THE “PROJECT HOPE” B. Time limit: 40 minutes C. Word limit: 120-150 words (not including the given opening sentence) D. Your composition should be based on the OUTLINE below and should start with the given opening sentence: “Education plays a very important role in the modernization of our country.” E. Your composition must be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. OUTLINE: 1. Present situation 2. Necessity of the project 3. My suggestion Education plays a very important role in the modernization of our country. Without a well-educated population, China will not be able to achieve its planned economic growth, catch up with the developed nations technologically or improve the living standards of its people. Yet, according to recent statistics, there are over two million children in China who have dropped out of school because their parents are too poor to pay the fees. [现象现状说明段] At the moment, the government has too many things to do as it builds up the economy, and cannot afford the money needed to get those children back to school. And so a nationwide drive is necessary to raise funds to rescue them from illiteracy and ignorance. That drive is called the “Project Hope”. The project is a timely response to the problem, and many children living in the poverty-stricken parts of China now have a bright future because of the generosity of the people who have donated money to it. [原因列举段] Nevertheless, the “Project Hope” is only a temporary measure, and not a permanent solution. What is needed is a properly funded education system so that all children can be guaranteed an education, which will equip them to their roles to the full in the modernization of their country.[建议措施段]
第 12 页
In this cartoon, a hen is assuring the public that the eggs she lays are completely round, without any square corners, and that they all have shells and yolks. It seems amusing for the hen to be taking credit for doing nothing more than her duty——to lay ordinary eggs. But there is a deeper social message in this cartoon. [图画图表描述段] Recently it has become common for people in many walks of life to make a lot of high-sounding promises. For instance, administration departments promise efficient performance of their tasks, without any bribery involved. Again, commercial enterprises promise to provide excellent products at reasonable prices and with warm service. At first, we feel that we should thank them for making extra efforts on our behalf; but, upon reflection, we realize that they all have a basic responsibility to do things that they promise. [意义阐释段] “Good wine needs no bush.” If businesses and administration do their jobs properly and serve the people, they will prosper without having to make a lot of meaningless promises. [建议措施段]
在线英语听力室