高层建筑设计课程汇报案例(英文)
建筑设计方案文本中英翻译
I 设计文本图名英文翻译一设计说明篇1 设计说明Introduction of design二上位分析篇1 宏观区位分析图Macro location analysis drawing2 微观区位分析图Micro location analysis drawing3 资源分析图Resources analysis drawing4 企业分析图Enterprise analysis drawing5 区位交通分析图Traffic location analysis drawing6 基地现状分析图Existing site analysis plan7 基地高层分析图Highrise analysis drawing8 基地视线分析图Sight line analysis drawing9 山体条件分析图Mountain condition analysis plan10 水体条件分析图Water condition analysis plan三案例分析篇Case Analysis1 案例分析图Case analysis drawing四城市印象篇Urban Impression1 白天鸟瞰图Aerial View2 夜景鸟瞰图Aerial Night View3 黄昏鸟瞰图Aerial Dusk View4 半鸟瞰图Semi-Aerial View5 局部透视图（白天-夜景-黄昏）Partial perspective(day-night-evening) 五理念分析篇Concept analysis1 方案构思图Plan Idea diagram2 理念构思图Idea Conceived Diagram3 理念分析图Idea Analysis diagram六规划设计篇1 总体规划平面图Overall planning2 总经济技术指标表General Technological and EconomicIndex3 分地块经济技术指标表Sub Parcel Technological and EconomicIndex分区经济技术指标表Subarea Technological and EconomicIndex4 模型展示图Model exhibition Diagram5 模型分析图Model Analysis Diagram6 功能系统分析图Function System Analysis Diagram7 建筑平面功能分析图Building Plane Function AnalysisDiagram8 建筑空间功能分析图Architecture Space Function AnalysisDiagram9 交通系统分析图Traffic System Analysis Diagram10 道路系统分析图Road System Analysis Diagram11 水路系统分析图Water way system Analysis Diagram12 结构系统分析图Structure System Analysis Diagram13 空间结构分析图Space Structure Analysis Diagram14 空间系统分析图Space Structure Analysis Diagram15 开发系统分析图Development system Analysis Diagram16 开发强度示意图Development Intensity Diagram17 消防系统分析图Fire protection system AnalysisDiagram18 景观系统分析图Landscape system Analysis Diagram19 空间景观分析图Space Sequence Analysis Diagram20 绿化系统分析图Afforestation system Analysis Diagram21 日照系统分析图Sunshine system Analysis Diagram22 竖向设计分析图Vertical elevation Analysis Plan23 视线系统分析图Sight System Analysis Plan24 地块价值分析图District Value Diagram25 地块价值挖掘分析图26 天际线分析图Skyline Analysis Diagram27 灯光系统分析图Lighting System Analysis Diagram七建筑设计篇1 首层建筑平面图Ground floor plan2 夹层建筑平面图Mezzanine plan3 二层建筑平面图Second floor plan4 三层建筑平面图Third floor plan5 地下一层平面图Plan for Basement Floor6 地下二层平面图2nd Basement plan7 地下三层平面图3rd Basement plan8 防火分区图Fire Compartmentation Diagram9 建筑立面图Building Elevation drawing10 建筑剖面图Building Section11 户型平面图Layout plan12 材料运用示意图Material Exertion Diagram八建筑意向篇1 户型意向图Housing intention2 建筑意向图Architectural intention九景观意向篇1 景观意向图Landscape intention十空间意向篇1 空间意向图Space intention十一场景意向篇1 场景意向图Scene intention* 对于不明确制图图纸的情况，请参考文件最后的图纸导航。
超高层建筑的烟囱效应原理和实例(Stack effect design)
超高层建筑的烟囱效应原理和实例(Stack effect design)烟囱效应简介烟囱效应的产生。
在有共享中庭、竖向通风（排烟）风道、楼梯间等具有类似烟囱特征——即从底部到顶部具有通畅的流通空间的建筑物、构筑物（如水塔）中，空气（包括烟气）靠密度差的作用，沿着通道很快进行扩散或排出建筑物的现象，即为烟囱效应。
是指户内空气沿著有垂直坡度的空间向上升或下降，造成空气加强对流的现象。
最常见的烟囱效应是火炉、锅炉运作时，产生的热空气随著烟囱向上升，在烟囱的顶部离开。
因为烟囱中的热空气散溢而造成的气流(Draft)，将户外的空气抽入填补，令火炉的火更猛烈。
烟囱效应亦可以是逆向的。
当户内的温度较户外为低(例如夏天使用空调时)，气流可以在烟囱内向下流动，将户外空气从烟囱抽入室内。
烟囱效应的强度与烟囱的高度，户内及户外温度差距，和户内外空气流通的程度有关。
在高楼大厦的环境内，烟囱效应可以是令火灾猛烈加剧的原因。
在低层发生的火灾造成的热空气，因为密度较低，经电梯槽或走火通道内得以往上流动，使高热气体不断在通道的顶部积聚，结果是使火势透过这种空气的对流在大厦的顶层制造另一个火场。
不单使扑救变得更困难，更会危及前往天台逃生的人员的生命安全。
高层建筑烟囱效应分析烟囱的主要作用是拔火拔烟，排走烟气，改善燃烧条件。
高层建筑内部一般设置数量不等的楼梯间、排风道、送风道、排烟道、电梯井及管道井等竖向井道，当室内温度高于室外温度时，室内热空气因密度小，便沿着这些垂直通道自然上升，透过门窗缝隙及各种孔洞从高层部分渗出，室外冷空气因密度大，由低层渗入补充，这就形成烟囱效应。
烟囱效应是室内外温差形成的热压及室外风压共同作用的结果，通常以前者为主，而热压值与室内外温差产生的空气密度差及进排风口的高度差成正比。
这说明，室内温度越是高于室外温度，建筑物越高，烟囱效应也越明显，同时也说明，民用建筑的烟囱效应一般只是发生在冬季。
就一栋建筑物而言，理论上视建筑物的一半高度位置为中和面，认为中和面以下房问从室外渗入空气，中和面以上房间从室内渗出空气。
高层建筑设计中英文对照外文翻译文献
中英文对照外文翻译文献(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)Structural Systems to resist lateral loadsmonly Used structural SystemsWith loads measured in tens of thousands kips, there is little room in the design of high-rise buildings for excessively complex thoughts. Indeed, the better high-rise buildings carry the universal traits of simplicity of thought and clarity of expression.It does not follow that there is no room for grand thoughts. Indeed, it is with such grand thoughts that the new family of high-rise buildings has evolved. Perhaps more important, the new concepts of but a few years ago have become commonplace in today’ s technology.Omitting some concepts that are related strictly to the materials of construction, the most commonly used structural systems used in high-rise buildings can be categorized as follows:1.Moment-resisting frames.2.Braced frames, including eccentrically braced frames.3.Shear walls, including steel plate shear walls.4.Tube-in-tube structures.5.Tube-in-tube structures.6.Core-interactive structures.7.Cellular or bundled-tube systems.Particularly with the recent trend toward more complex forms, but in response also to the need for increased stiffness to resist the forces from wind and earthquake, most high-rise buildings have structural systems built up of combinations of frames, braced bents, shear walls, and related systems. Further, for the taller buildings, the majorities are composed of interactive elements in three-dimensional arrays.The method of combining these elements is the very essence of the design process for high-rise buildings. These combinations need evolve in response to environmental, functional, and cost considerations so as to provide efficient structures that provoke the architectural development to new heights. This is not to say that imaginative structural design can create great architecture. To the contrary, many examples of fine architecture have been created with only moderate support from the structural engineer, while only fine structure, not great architecture, can be developed without the genius and the leadership of a talented architect. In any event, the best of both is needed to formulate a truly extraordinary design of a high-rise building.While comprehensive discussions of these seven systems are generally available in the literature, further discussion is warranted here .The essence of the design process is distributed throughout the discussion.2.Moment-Resisting FramesPerhaps the most commonly used system in low-to medium-rise buildings, the moment-resisting frame, is characterized by linear horizontal and vertical members connected essentially rigidly at their joints. Such frames are used as a stand-alone system or in combination with other systems so as to provide the needed resistance to horizontal loads. In the taller of high-rise buildings, the system is likely to be found inappropriate for a stand-alone system, this because of the difficulty in mobilizing sufficient stiffness under lateral forces.Analysis can be accomplished by STRESS, STRUDL, or a host of other appropriatecomputer programs; analysis by the so-called portal method of the cantilever method has no place in today’s technology.Because of the intrinsic flexibility of the column/girder intersection, and because preliminary designs should aim to highlight weaknesses of systems, it is not unusual to use center-to-center dimensions for the frame in the preliminary analysis. Of course, in the latter phases of design, a realistic appraisal in-joint deformation is essential.3.Braced FramesThe braced frame, intrinsically stiffer than the moment –resisting frame, finds also greater application to higher-rise buildings. The system is characterized by linear horizontal, vertical, and diagonal members, connected simply or rigidly at their joints. It is used commonly in conjunction with other systems for taller buildings and as a stand-alone system in low-to medium-rise buildings.While the use of structural steel in braced frames is common, concrete frames are more likely to be of the larger-scale variety.Of special interest in areas of high seismicity is the use of the eccentric braced frame.Again, analysis can be by STRESS, STRUDL, or any one of a series of two –or three dimensional analysis computer programs. And again, center-to-center dimensions are used commonly in the preliminary analysis.4.Shear wallsThe shear wall is yet another step forward along a progression of ever-stiffer structural systems. The system is characterized by relatively thin, generally (but not always) concrete elements that provide both structural strength and separation between building functions.In high-rise buildings, shear wall systems tend to have a relatively high aspect ratio, that is, their height tends to be large compared to their width. Lacking tension in the foundation system, any structural element is limited in its ability to resist overturning moment by the width of the system and by the gravity load supported by the element. Limited to a narrow overturning, One obvious use of the system, which does have the needed width, is in the exterior walls of building, where the requirement for windows is kept small.Structural steel shear walls, generally stiffened against buckling by a concrete overlay, have found application where shear loads are high. The system, intrinsically more economicalthan steel bracing, is particularly effective in carrying shear loads down through the taller floors in the areas immediately above grade. The sys tem has the further advantage of having high ductility a feature of particular importance in areas of high seismicity.The analysis of shear wall systems is made complex because of the inevitable presence of large openings through these walls. Preliminary analysis can be by truss-analogy, by the finite element method, or by making use of a proprietary computer program designed to consider the interaction, or coupling, of shear walls.5.Framed or Braced TubesThe concept of the framed or braced or braced tube erupted into the technology with the IBM Building in Pittsburgh, but was followed immediately with the twin 110-story towers of the World Trade Center, New York and a number of other buildings .The system is characterized by three –dimensional frames, braced frames, or shear walls, forming a closed surface more or less cylindrical in nature, but of nearly any plan configuration. Because those columns that resist lateral forces are placed as far as possible from the cancroids of the system, the overall moment of inertia is increased and stiffness is very high.The analysis of tubular structures is done using three-dimensional concepts, or by two- dimensional analogy, where possible, whichever method is used, it must be capable of accounting for the effects of shear lag.The presence of shear lag, detected first in aircraft structures, is a serious limitation in the stiffness of framed tubes. The concept has limited recent applications of framed tubes to the shear of 60 stories. Designers have developed various techniques for reducing the effects of shear lag, most noticeably the use of belt trusses. This system finds application in buildings perhaps 40stories and higher. However, except for possible aesthetic considerations, belt trusses interfere with nearly every building function associated with the outside wall; the trusses are placed often at mechanical floors, mush to the disapproval of the designers of the mechanical systems. Nevertheless, as a cost-effective structural system, the belt truss works well and will likely find continued approval from designers. Numerous studies have sought to optimize the location of these trusses, with the optimum location very dependent on the number of trusses provided. Experience would indicate, however, that the location of these trusses is provided by the optimization of mechanical systems and by aesthetic considerations,as the economics of the structural system is not highly sensitive to belt truss location.6.Tube-in-Tube StructuresThe tubular framing system mobilizes every column in the exterior wall in resisting over-turning and shearing forces. The term‘tube-in-tube’is largely self-explanatory in that a second ring of columns, the ring surrounding the central service core of the building, is used as an inner framed or braced tube. The purpose of the second tube is to increase resistance to over turning and to increase lateral stiffness. The tubes need not be of the same character; that is, one tube could be framed, while the other could be braced.In considering this system, is important to understand clearly the difference between the shear and the flexural components of deflection, the terms being taken from beam analogy. In a framed tube, the shear component of deflection is associated with the bending deformation of columns and girders (i.e, the webs of the framed tube) while the flexural component is associated with the axial shortening and lengthening of columns (i.e, the flanges of the framed tube). In a braced tube, the shear component of deflection is associated with the axial deformation of diagonals while the flexural component of deflection is associated with the axial shortening and lengthening of columns.Following beam analogy, if plane surfaces remain plane (i.e, the floor slabs),then axial stresses in the columns of the outer tube, being farther form the neutral axis, will be substantially larger than the axial stresses in the inner tube. However, in the tube-in-tube design, when optimized, the axial stresses in the inner ring of columns may be as high, or even higher, than the axial stresses in the outer ring. This seeming anomaly is associated with differences in the shearing component of stiffness between the two systems. This is easiest to under-stand where the inner tube is conceived as a braced (i.e, shear-stiff) tube while the outer tube is conceived as a framed (i.e, shear-flexible) tube.7.Core Interactive StructuresCore interactive structures are a special case of a tube-in-tube wherein the two tubes are coupled together with some form of three-dimensional space frame. Indeed, the system is used often wherein the shear stiffness of the outer tube is zero. The United States Steel Building, Pittsburgh, illustrates the system very well. Here, the inner tube is a braced frame, the outer tube has no shear stiffness, and the two systems are coupled if they were considered as systemspassing in a straight line from the “hat” structure. Note that the exterior columns would be improperly modeled if they were considered as systems passing in a straight line from the “hat” to the foundations; these columns are perhaps 15% stiffer as they follow the elastic curve of the braced core. Note also that the axial forces associated with the lateral forces in the inner columns change from tension to compression over the height of the tube, with the inflection point at about 5/8 of the height of the tube. The outer columns, of course, carry the same axial force under lateral load for the full height of the columns because the columns because the shear stiffness of the system is close to zero.The space structures of outrigger girders or trusses, that connect the inner tube to the outer tube, are located often at several levels in the building. The AT&T headquarters is an example of an astonishing array of interactive elements:1.The structural system is 94 ft (28.6m) wide, 196ft(59.7m) long, and 601ft (183.3m)high.2.Two inner tubes are provided, each 31ft(9.4m) by 40 ft (12.2m), centered 90 ft (27.4m)apart in the long direction of the building.3.The inner tubes are braced in the short direction, but with zero shear stiffness in the longdirection.4. A single outer tube is supplied, which encircles the building perimeter.5.The outer tube is a moment-resisting frame, but with zero shear stiffness for thecenter50ft (15.2m) of each of the long sides.6. A space-truss hat structure is provided at the top of the building.7. A similar space truss is located near the bottom of the building8.The entire assembly is laterally supported at the base on twin steel-plate tubes, becausethe shear stiffness of the outer tube goes to zero at the base of the building.8.Cellular structuresA classic example of a cellular structure is the Sears Tower, Chicago, a bundled tube structure of nine separate tubes. While the Sears Tower contains nine nearly identical tubes, the basic structural system has special application for buildings of irregular shape, as the several tubes need not be similar in plan shape, It is not uncommon that some of the individual tubes one of the strengths and one of the weaknesses of the system.This special weakness of this system, particularly in framed tubes, has to do with the concept of differential column shortening. The shortening of a column under load is given by the expression△=ΣfL/EFor buildings of 12 ft (3.66m) floor-to-floor distances and an average compressive stress of 15 ksi (138MPa), the shortening of a column under load is 15 (12)(12)/29,000 or 0.074in (1.9mm) per story. At 50 stories, the column will have shortened to 3.7 in. (94mm) less than its unstressed length. Where one cell of a bundled tube system is, say, 50stories high and an adjacent cell is, say, 100stories high, those columns near the boundary between .the two systems need to have this differential deflection reconciled.Major structural work has been found to be needed at such locations. In at least one building, the Rialto Project, Melbourne, the structural engineer found it necessary to vertically pre-stress the lower height columns so as to reconcile the differential deflections of columns in close proximity with the post-tensioning of the shorter column simulating the weight to be added on to adjacent, higher columns.抗侧向荷载的结构体系1.常用的结构体系若已测出荷载量达数千万磅重，那么在高层建筑设计中就没有多少可以进行极其复杂的构思余地了。
建筑方案汇报英语翻译
建筑方案汇报英语翻译Building Scheme PresentationIntroduction:Good morning/afternoon, everyone! Thank you for being here today. In this presentation, I will be discussing the proposed building scheme for [project name].Background:[Provide some background information about the project, such as its purpose, location, and any unique features.]Objectives:The objectives of this building scheme are as follows:1. To create a functional and aesthetically appealing space that meets the needs of our intended users.2. To optimize the use of available resources, ensuring sustainability and efficiency in the construction process.3. To adhere to all relevant safety and building regulations.4. To incorporate innovative and modern design elements that enhance the overall experience.Design Concepts:Now, let's dive into the design concepts that shape this building scheme:1. Functionality:Efficiency and practicality are key elements in our design. We have ensured that each space within the building serves a specificpurpose and is organized in a logical manner. This includes features such as well-designed circulation areas, easily accessible amenities, and properly separated functional zones.2. Flexibility:In order to accommodate various future needs, we have incorporated flexible spaces that can be easily adapted to different uses. These multi-purpose areas can be transformed to meet changing requirements, allowing for maximum utilization of the building.3. Sustainability:We take sustainability seriously and have integrated eco-friendly practices throughout the design. This includes the use of energy-efficient systems, sustainable building materials, and incorporating natural lighting and ventilation where possible. Additionally, we have planned for rainwater harvesting and have included green spaces to promote a healthier environment.4. Aesthetic Appeal:We understand the importance of creating a visually attractive building that harmonizes with its surroundings. Our design incorporates modern architectural elements, utilizing clean lines and innovative materials. The exterior facade will be visually captivating, complementing the overall design intent.Building Features:Let's now explore some of the key features of this building scheme: 1. Open Spaces:The building design maximizes the use of open spaces, including common areas and outdoor recreational areas. These spaces provide opportunities for social interaction, relaxation, and wellness.2. Technology Integration:We have taken into account the ever-increasing role of technology in our lives. This is reflected in the incorporation of smart building features, such as energy-efficient HVAC systems, automated lighting, and smart controls for optimum resource utilization.3. Safety and Accessibility:The building will be designed with safety and accessibility in mind. Features such as wheelchair ramps, elevators, clear signage, and emergency exits will be strategically placed to ensure ease of movement and meet all safety regulations.Conclusion:In conclusion, this building scheme aims to create a functional, sustainable, and visually appealing space that meets the needs of our intended users. The design concepts, including functionality, flexibility, sustainability, and aesthetic appeal, ensure a comprehensive approach to the building's development.Thank you for your attention. I am now open to any questions you may have.。
建筑设计方案文本中英翻译.
I设计文本图名英文翻译一设计说明篇1 设计说明Introduction of design二上位分析篇1 宏观区位分析图Macro location analysis drawing2 微观区位分析图Micro location analysis drawing3 资源分析图Resources analysis drawing4 企业分析图Enterprise analysis drawing5 区位交通分析图Traffic location analysis drawing6 基地现状分析图Existing site analysis plan7 基地高层分析图Highrise analysis drawing8 基地视线分析图Sight line analysis drawing9 山体条件分析图Mountain condition analysis plan10 水体条件分析图Water condition analysis plan 三案例分析篇Case Analysis1 案例分析图Case analysis drawing四城市印象篇Urban Impression1 白天鸟瞰图Aerial View2 夜景鸟瞰图Aerial Night View3 黄昏鸟瞰图Aerial Dusk View4 半鸟瞰图Semi-Aerial View5 局部透视图(白天-夜景-黄昏Partial perspective(day-night-evening 五理念分析篇Concept analysis1 方案构思图Plan Idea diagram2 理念构思图Idea Conceived Diagram3 理念分析图Idea Analysis diagram六规划设计篇1 总体规划平面图Overall planning2 总经济技术指标表General Technological and EconomicIndex3 分地块经济技术指标表Sub Parcel Technological and EconomicIndex分区经济技术指标表Subarea Technological and EconomicIndex4 模型展示图Model exhibition Diagram5 模型分析图Model Analysis Diagram6 功能系统分析图Function System Analysis Diagram7 建筑平面功能分析图Building Plane Function AnalysisDiagram8 建筑空间功能分析图Architecture Space Function Analysis Diagram9 交通系统分析图Traffic System Analysis Diagram10 道路系统分析图Road System Analysis Diagram11 水路系统分析图Water way system Analysis Diagram12 结构系统分析图Structure System Analysis Diagram13 空间结构分析图Space Structure Analysis Diagram14 空间系统分析图Space Structure Analysis Diagram15 开发系统分析图Development system Analysis Diagram16 开发强度示意图Development Intensity Diagram17 消防系统分析图Fire protection system Analysis Diagram18 景观系统分析图Landscape system Analysis Diagram19 空间景观分析图Space Sequence Analysis Diagram20 绿化系统分析图Afforestation system Analysis Diagram21 日照系统分析图Sunshine system Analysis Diagram22 竖向设计分析图Vertical elevation Analysis Plan23 视线系统分析图Sight System Analysis Plan24 地块价值分析图District Value Diagram25 地块价值挖掘分析图26 天际线分析图Skyline Analysis Diagram27 灯光系统分析图Lighting System Analysis Diagram 七建筑设计篇1 首层建筑平面图Ground floor plan2 夹层建筑平面图Mezzanine plan3 二层建筑平面图Second floor plan4 三层建筑平面图Third floor plan5 地下一层平面图Plan for Basement Floor6 地下二层平面图2nd Basement plan7 地下三层平面图3rd Basement plan8 防火分区图Fire Compartmentation Diagram9 建筑立面图Building Elevation drawing10 建筑剖面图Building Section11 户型平面图Layout plan12 材料运用示意图Material Exertion Diagram八建筑意向篇1 户型意向图Housing intention2 建筑意向图Architectural intention九景观意向篇1景观意向图Landscape intention十空间意向篇1 空间意向图Space intention十一场景意向篇1 场景意向图Scene intention* 对于不明确制图图纸的情况,请参考文件最后的图纸导航。
(完整版)高层建筑案例分析
上海中心大厦
1 大厦基本信息 2 大厦功能、平立面分析
3 大厦外形设计分析
4
浅谈绿色建筑标准在上海中心大厦的应用与技术 策略
涡轮式风力发电技术
垂直风力发电机
据悉，在大楼最高区域的几层内，已 经规划设计了一个巨大的“王冠”。 “王冠”内有一个精致的雨水收集利 用系统和５４台垂直风力发电机，计 划每年为大厦提供５４万千瓦时的绿 色电力。4
风力发电具有如下的优越性： 一是风力发电是一种干净的自然能源 二是风电技术日趋成熟，是一种安全
5 总结
一 大厦基本信息
上海中心大厦计划造124层，总高632 米，日接待游客量为16000人，预计在 2014年竣工。届时，它将超过台北 101，成为上海乃至全中国最高的楼。 同时它也会紧随迪拜塔，成为世界第 二高楼。（前提当然是，半路上没有 “程咬金“的出现。）
英文名称：Shanghai Tower
可靠的能源；
三是风力发电的经济性日益提高，其 发电成本已接近煤电，低于油电与核 电；
四是风力发电建设工期短，单台机组 安装仅需几周
谢谢观赏
金茂大厦
环球金融中心
上海中心
塔式
螺旋式
绿色技术
内外双层幕墙
同等面积的不同形状平面 围合的建筑物的表面积变 化。
这种圆润三角形的结构， 在照顾造型的前提下，极 大的减少了建筑物的表面 积，从而减少了与外界的 能量交换和能量损失，是 一种十分有效的手段。
相对于金茂大厦、环球金融中心 的近似正方形的平面布局，这 样的布局少了视线和光线死角，不仅可以让办公人员能在更多的 角度欣赏大厦周围的美景，而且在冬季阳光可以更多的进入建筑 内部 ，减少了建筑的能耗。
建筑设计与房屋构造(英文版)
建筑设计与房屋构造(英文版)Architectural Design and Building ConstructionArchitectural design and building construction are two fundamental aspects of creating structures that are functional, aesthetically pleasing, and safe. They involve a range of disciplines and expertise to ensure that buildings meet both practical needs and artistic aspirations.**Architectural Design**Architectural design is the process of planning and creating the form and function of buildings. It involves understanding the needs and requirements of the client, the purpose of the building, and the surrounding environment. Architects use their creativity and technical knowledge to design spaces that are not only visually appealing but also efficient and comfortable.Key elements of architectural design include:1. **Conceptual Design**: This is the initial stage where architects develop ideas and concepts based on the client’s needs and the project’s goals. Sketches and models are often created to visualize these concepts.2. **Design Development**: During this phase, architects refine the initial concepts, working on detailed plans and specifications. They address aspects such as space planning, materials, and structural systems.3. **Technical Drawings**: These detailed drawings include floor plans, elevations, and sections, which provide precise information needed for construction. They also include details about materials, finishes, and construction techniques.4. **Sustainability**: Modern architectural design increasingly focuses on sustainability, incorporating energy-efficient systems, sustainable materials, and environmentally friendly practices.**Building Construction**Building construction is the process of physically creating the structures designed by architects. It involves a series of steps and coordination among various professionals to bring the architectural vision to life.Key aspects of building construction include:1. **Site Preparation**: This involves clearing and preparing the site for construction, including excavation and foundation work.2. **Foundation**: The foundation is crucial as it supports the entire structure. It can be made from various materials such as concrete, steel, or masonry, depending on the design and soil conditions.3. **Structural Framework**: This includes the skeleton of the building, such as beams, columns, and floors, which provide stability and support. Common materials used are steel, concrete, and wood.4. **Building Envelope**: This encompasses the exterior elements of the building, including walls, windows, and roofs. It is important for insulation,weather resistance, and aesthetic appeal.5. **Interior Construction**: This involves the installation of interior walls, flooring, ceilings, and other elements such as electrical and plumbing systems. It focuses on creating functional and comfortable spaces within the building.6. **Finishing Touches**: The final stage includes painting, decorating, and installing fixtures and fittings. These finishing touches enhance the aesthetic appeal and usability of the building.**Conclusion**Architectural design and building construction are intricately linked processes that transform ideas into physical structures. Effective architectural design ensures that buildings are not only beautiful but also practical and sustainable. Building construction brings these designs to life, requiring careful planning, coordination, and execution. Together, they create spaces that enhance our lives and contribute to the built environment.。
建筑类作文模板英语
建筑类作文模板英语英文回答：Introduction。
Architecture is the art and science of designing and constructing buildings and other physical structures. It is a complex field that encompasses a wide range of disciplines, including engineering, mathematics, physics, and art. Architectural design is often driven by a combination of functional, aesthetic, and economic considerations.Body。
Architectural design can be divided into two main categories:Functional design focuses on creating buildings that meet the specific needs of the occupants. This includesconsiderations such as space planning, lighting, ventilation, and accessibility.Aesthetic design focuses on creating buildings that are visually appealing. This includes considerations such as form, color, texture, and ornamentation.In addition to functional and aesthetic design, architects must also consider the economic aspects of building design. This includes factors such as construction costs, maintenance costs, and energy efficiency.Architects use a variety of tools and techniques to design buildings. These include:Computer-aided design (CAD) software is used to create detailed drawings of buildings.Physical models are used to study the form andfunction of buildings.Wind tunnels are used to test the aerodynamicperformance of buildings.Materials testing is used to evaluate the strength and durability of building materials.The architectural design process typically involves the following steps:1. Programming The architect meets with the client to determine the specific needs of the building.2. Schematic design The architect develops a preliminary design for the building.3. Design development The architect refines the design and develops detailed drawings.4. Construction documents The architect produces the final construction drawings and specifications.5. Construction The building is constructed according to the architect's plans.Architecture is a dynamic field that is constantly evolving. New technologies and materials are constantly being developed, and the needs of building occupants are changing. As a result, architects must continually adapt their design approach to meet the challenges of the future.Conclusion。
超高层建筑结构设计与施工控制(英文中文双语版优质文档)
超高层建筑结构设计与施工控制（英文中文双语版优质文档）Super high-rise buildings are an important part of today's urbanization process, which is of great significance to the utilization of urban space and the development of building technology. Structural design and construction control of super high-rise buildings are core issues in the construction industry and important skills that architects and construction teams need to master.1. Structural design of super high-rise buildingsThe structural design of super high-rise buildings is one of the core skills that architects need to master. The structural design of a super high-rise building needs to take into account external factors such as the height of the building, earthquakes, wind, etc., and at the same time meet the strength and stability requirements of the building. Architects need to comprehensively consider factors such as the purpose of the building, design requirements and site conditions, and design a structural form suitable for the building.The key to the structural design of super high-rise buildings lies in the control of strength and stability. Architects need to choose different structural forms according to different building heights and external environmental factors, including steel structures, concrete structures, frame structures, etc., while taking into account the rationality and feasibility of the structure to ensure the safety and stability of the structure.2. Super high-rise building construction controlConstruction control of supertall buildings is another important skill that architects and construction teams need to master. During the construction process, various factors such as the height of the building, external environmental factors, the use of manpower and mechanical equipment need to be considered to ensure the quality and safety of the construction.The key to super high-rise building construction control lies in the control of safety and efficiency. The construction team needs to formulate reasonable construction plans and safety measures to ensure safety and quality control during the construction process. At the same time, the improvement of construction efficiency must be considered to ensure the rationality of the construction period and the progress of the project.3. Innovation and application of super high-rise building structure design and construction controlWith the continuous development of construction technology and materials, the structural design and construction control of super high-rise buildings are also constantly innovated and applied. For example, through the application of digital technology and intelligent equipment, the efficiency and precision of building structure design and construction control can be greatly improved; through the application of new materials, the safety and sustainability of buildings can be improved.In addition, the structural design and construction control of super high-rise buildings also need to consider the application of human factors. Architects and construction teams need to consider the users of the building, as well as the impact of the building on the surrounding environment and urban space, and improve the use value of the building and its contribution to the urban environment by designing a humanized building structure and construction plan.In conclusion, the structural design and construction control of super high-rise buildings are the core issues in the construction industry, which requires professional knowledge and skills of architects and construction teams. Through continuous innovation and application of new technologies, new materials and humanized design concepts, the safety, sustainability and use value of super high-rise buildings can be improved, while contributing to the urbanization process and the development of building technology.超高层建筑是当今城市化进程中的重要组成部分，对于城市空间的利用和建筑技术的发展具有重要的意义。
建筑方案汇报英文
建筑方案汇报英文Building Design Proposal ReportExecutive Summary:The following report presents a proposed building design plan that aims to address the needs and requirements of the project. The design incorporates sustainable practices, modern aesthetics, functionality, and safety measures. The objective is to create a harmonious space that meets the client's expectations, provides a comfortable environment for occupants, and enhances the surrounding community.Introduction:The building proposal report outlines the design process, considerations, and objectives of the project. It discusses the design team's approach, sustainable initiatives, architectural concepts, and specific details relating to the building's functionality, aesthetics, and safety.Design Process:The design process involved a careful analysis of the client's requirements, site conditions, and surrounding context. The aesthetic preferences, functional needs, and budget constraints were taken into account during the initial stages of design development. Extensive research and collaboration with various stakeholders, including engineers, architects, and contractors, were also undertaken to ensure a holistic approach towards the building design.Sustainable Practices:An integral aspect of the proposed design is the incorporation of sustainable practices. The building design aims to achieve a high level of energy efficiency, minimize environmental impact, and enhance occupant comfort. Key sustainability features include the utilization of renewable energy sources, such as solar panels and geothermal heating systems, and the implementation of passive design strategies, such as natural ventilation and daylight harvesting.Architectural Concepts:The proposed design embodies a modern aesthetic that reflects the vision of the client while respecting the surrounding environment. The building's form and façade are designed to be visually appealing and capture the attention of passersby. The use of sustainable materials, such as recycled steel and locally-sourced timber, further adds to the design's ecological value. Functionality:Functionality is a crucial aspect of the proposed design. The building layout is optimized to accommodate the intended functions while promoting efficient circulation and accessibility. Adequate spaces for offices, common areas, and amenities have been allocated, ensuring comfort and convenience for occupants. The design also integrates smart building technologies to enhance efficiency and ease of operation.Safety Measures:Safety considerations have been prioritized in the proposed design. The building design complies with all relevant local building codes and regulations to ensure the safety of occupants. Fire protectionsystems, including fire alarms, extinguishers, and sprinklers, have been integrated throughout the building. Additionally, emergency evacuation plans and accessible paths have been carefully designed for the overall safety and well-being of all users.Conclusion:The proposed building design offers a comprehensive and innovative solution that meets the functional, aesthetic, sustainability, and safety requirements of the project. The careful consideration of client needs, site conditions, and sustainable practices has guided the design process. The ultimate goal is to create a building that not only fulfills its intended purpose but also enhances the surrounding community and promotes a sustainable future.。
建筑方案汇报英语
建筑方案汇报英语Architectural Proposal PresentationIntroduction:Good morning/afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. Today, I am delighted to have the opportunity to present to you our architectural proposal for the upcoming project. The aim of our proposal is to provide an innovative and functional design that not only meets the client's requirements but also contributes to the overall aesthetic appeal of the surrounding area.1. Client's Requirements:Firstly, let's discuss the client's requirements. Our client seeks a modern, sustainable, and technologically advanced building that will serve as a community center for both recreational and educational activities. The building should provide a harmonious blend of indoor and outdoor spaces, promoting a sense of connectedness with nature.2. Design Concept:To fulfill these requirements, we have developed a design concept centered around three key elements: functionality, sustainability, and aesthetics.2.1. Functionality:Efficient utilization of space is crucial to the success of any building. Our proposal includes a multifunctional layout that allows for flexible usage of the space. We have designated specific areas for recreational activities, classrooms, meeting rooms, and administrative offices. Each space has been carefully planned toensure ease of access and smooth circulation.2.2. Sustainability:Sustainability is at the core of our architectural philosophy. Our design incorporates various eco-friendly features, including passive cooling and heating systems, rainwater harvesting, and the use of renewable energy sources. We have also emphasized natural lighting and ventilation throughout the building to reduce energy consumption. Additionally, the integration of vertical gardens and green roofs enhances the overall environmental performance of the structure.2.3. Aesthetics:Aesthetics play a significant role in creating a visually appealing and harmonious environment. Inspired by the natural beauty of the surrounding landscape, our design features a sleek and modernfaçade, with large windows that provide stunning views and ample natural light. The exterior design is complemented by a combination of traditional and contemporary materials, ensuring a timeless appeal.3. Detailed Features:3.1. Recreational Areas:The community center boasts several recreational spaces, including a gymnasium, swimming pool, fitness center, and outdoor sports courts. These areas are designed to accommodate a variety of activities, catering to people of all ages and interests.3.2. Classrooms and Meeting Rooms:The educational aspect of the community center is equally important. We have incorporated well-equipped classrooms and meeting rooms that can be adapted for various purposes, such as workshops, seminars, and training sessions. These spaces are versatile and can be personalized to meet the specific needs of different user groups.3.3. Sustainable Features:As mentioned earlier, sustainability is a key element of our design. Our proposal includes solar photovoltaic panels on the roof, which will generate clean energy to power the building. We have also integrated rainwater collection and purification systems, reducing the dependency on external water sources. The choice of eco-friendly materials and the incorporation of green spaces further enhance the sustainability of the project.4. Conclusion:In conclusion, our architectural proposal provides a comprehensive solution that aligns with the client's requirements for a modern, sustainable, and visually appealing community center. Our design emphasizes functionality and flexibility, while also prioritizing environmental considerations. We believe that our proposal offers a unique opportunity to create a space that will enrich the lives of the community, foster learning, and promote a sustainable lifestyle. Thank you for your attention, and I welcome any questions or feedback you may have.。
设计出美丽的楼房英语作文
设计出美丽的楼房英语作文设计美丽楼房英语作文：Building Beautiful Structures: A Vision in Architecture。
Architecture is more than just a profession; it's anart form that shapes the way we experience the world around us. From towering skyscrapers to quaint cottages, every building tells a story and leaves an impression on thosewho encounter it. In this essay, we'll explore theprinciples of designing beautiful buildings and the impact they have on our lives.To begin with, a beautiful building starts with a compelling vision. Architects must first understand the purpose of the structure they are designing and the environment in which it will be situated. Whether it's a residential home, a commercial complex, or a cultural landmark, the design should reflect the needs andaspirations of its occupants while harmonizing with itssurroundings.One key aspect of designing a beautiful building is paying attention to proportions and scale. A well-proportioned building creates a sense of balance and harmony that is pleasing to the eye. This involvescarefully considering the relationship between the various elements of the structure, such as the height, width, and depth, as well as how they relate to each other and to the surrounding landscape.In addition to proportions, the choice of materials plays a crucial role in the aesthetics of a building. The use of high-quality materials not only enhances the visual appeal of the structure but also ensures its longevity and durability. Whether it's sleek glass facades, warm wooden accents, or rugged stone exteriors, the right materials can elevate a building from ordinary to extraordinary.Furthermore, attention to detail is paramount in creating a truly beautiful building. From intricate ornamentation to innovative architectural features, everyelement should be thoughtfully considered and meticulously executed. This requires a keen eye for design and a dedication to craftsmanship that sets great architecture apart from the rest.Moreover, incorporating sustainable design principlesis essential in creating beautiful buildings that are also environmentally friendly. This includes maximizing natural light and ventilation, using energy-efficient materials and systems, and minimizing waste and pollution. By designing buildings that respect the natural environment and contribute to a healthier planet, architects can create beauty that endures for generations to come.In conclusion, designing beautiful buildings is both an art and a science. It requires creativity, technical expertise, and a deep understanding of human needs and aspirations. By paying attention to proportions, materials, detail, and sustainability, architects can createstructures that not only delight the eye but also enrich the lives of those who inhabit them. In doing so, they leave a lasting legacy that shapes the world for years tocome.This essay reflects on the principles of designing beautiful buildings, emphasizing the importance of vision, proportions, materials, detail, and sustainability. It explores how these elements come together to create structures that not only enhance their surroundings but also enrich the lives of those who encounter them. Through careful consideration and thoughtful design, architects can create buildings that stand as timeless works of art.。
建筑方案汇报视频英文
建筑方案汇报视频英文Good morning everyone,Today, I am here to present our architectural proposal for the new building project. This is an exciting opportunity for us to create a truly innovative and functional structure that will not only meet the needs of future occupants but also add value to the community. Our team has put in a great deal of effort and creativity into designing a building that is not only aesthetically pleasing but also sustainable and efficient.First, let's start with the overall design concept. Our inspiration for this building came from a combination of modern and traditional architecture. We wanted to create a structure that would stand out in its surroundings while still maintaining a sense of harmony with the existing environment. To achieve this, we incorporated sleek and contemporary elements, such as glass facades and clean lines, while also paying homage to local architectural features, such as using natural materials like wood and stone.Now let's talk about the layout and functionality of the building. One of our main objectives was to create a space that promotes collaboration and interaction. To achieve this, we have incorporated open-plan workspaces on each floor, with plenty of communal areas and meeting rooms for employees to gather and exchange ideas. This design encourages a sense of community and enhances productivity.In terms of sustainability, we have integrated a variety of environmentally friendly features into the building. These includesolar panels on the roof to generate clean energy, rainwater harvesting systems to reduce water consumption, and energy-efficient heating and cooling systems. We have also taken advantage of natural lighting by incorporating large windows throughout the building, which not only helps reduce electricity usage but also creates a pleasant working environment.As for the exterior landscaping, we have designed a green roof and a vertical garden on one side of the building. This will not only provide a visual appeal but also contribute to improving air quality and reducing noise pollution. We have also included bike racks and electric car charging stations to encourage alternative modes of transportation and reduce carbon emissions.Another important aspect of our proposal is accessibility. We have incorporated ramps, elevators, and spacious corridors throughout the building, ensuring that it is fully accessible for people of all abilities. We believe in creating inclusive spaces that can be enjoyed by everyone.In terms of construction materials, we have prioritized the use of locally sourced and sustainable materials. This not only reduces the carbon footprint but also supports the local economy. We have also collaborated with local artists to incorporate sculptures and paintings throughout the building, adding a touch of creativity and cultural significance.In conclusion, our architectural proposal aims to create a building that not only meets the functional needs of its occupants but also contributes positively to the environment and community. Webelieve that by combining innovative design with sustainable practices, we can create a space that will inspire creativity, collaboration, and well-being. We are excited about the opportunity to bring this vision to life and we hope that you share in our excitement.Thank you for your attention.。
建筑方案英语汇报
建筑方案英语汇报Building design presentationIntroduction:Good morning/afternoon/evening everyone,I hope you are all doing well. Today, I am here to present the building design proposal for [project name]. This presentation will provide an overview of the design concept, architectural plans, and key features of the proposed building. I invite you all to take a closer look at the visual presentations and feel free to ask any questions at the end. Let's get started!Design Concept:The design concept for [project name] is inspired by [insert inspiration]. Our aim was to create a building that harmonizes with the surrounding environment while also incorporating modern and sustainable design elements.Architectural Plans:1. Exterior:The building's exterior will feature a combination of glass, steel, and concrete to create a contemporary and sleek look. The façade will be designed with large windows to allow natural light into the building, reducing the need for artificial lighting during the day.2. Interior:The interior design focuses on creating a functional and aesthetically pleasing space. The layout ensures efficient circulation and maximizes the use of natural light. We haveincorporated open spaces, communal areas, and green elements such as indoor plants to create a healthy and collaborative environment for the occupants.Key Features:1. Green Initiatives:The building will incorporate various sustainable features to reduce its environmental impact. These include rainwater harvesting systems, solar panels for electricity generation, and energy-efficient HVAC systems. We also plan to incorporate green spaces on the roof and vertical gardens around the building, promoting biodiversity and providing a visually appealing environment.2. Smart Technology:To enhance the occupants' comfort and convenience, the building will be equipped with state-of-the-art smart technology. This includes automated lighting, temperature control, and smart security systems. This technology will not only improve the overall efficiency of the building but also increase security and user satisfaction.3. Flexibility:The design of the building takes into consideration the changing needs and requirements of the occupants. The floor plans allow for flexible space allocation, making it easy to adapt to different functions and layouts over time. This feature ensures future-proofing and longevity of the building.4. Accessibility:Ensuring accessibility for all is an integral part of the buildingdesign. There will be ramps, elevators, and accessible public spaces to cater to individuals with disabilities. In addition, the building will meet all relevant standards and regulations regarding accessibility.Conclusion:In conclusion, the proposed building design for [project name] combines modern architecture, sustainable features, and innovative technology to create a functional and aesthetically pleasing space. The emphasis on green initiatives, smart technology, flexibility, and accessibility ensures that the building meets the needs of both the occupants and the environment. Thank you for your attention. I am now open to any questions or feedback you may have.。
高层建筑设计实例分析
设计：ShaGa Studio 地点：内坦亚新， 以色列 整个项目由以色列 事务所ShaGa Studio 完成，其一
部分为塔楼结构， 另一部分则形成独 特的城市公共公园 – 绿色心脏 。
Architects为中华钢铁公司 设计的位于台湾高雄的总部 大厦。现已进入收尾阶段， 工程质量比较优秀。设计应 用多面方形管结构拼接，从 而得到优化抗震钢强度的美 学形式。整个建筑由4个方形 管状结构，中心共享核心筒。 每个管结构每隔八层就扭转 12.5度，以形成一个动态造 型。
城市因素所构造的垂直起伏地形结构体
建筑师：Studio Gang Architects 地点：芝加哥，美国 水族塔是世界上为数不多的具有鲜明 特点的住宅高楼之一。该项目有82层 以及超过190万平方英尺的建筑面积， 囊括酒店，公寓，公寓，停车场，办 公室等多功能，和芝加哥最大的屋顶 绿化。其室外露台，形状不同，从地 板到地板上的遮阳，结合套型形成了 一个塔的鲜明起伏的外观。
马来西亚地标大厦
项目名为Angkasa Raya，是一个办公，高 档酒店与商业的超高层综合体，总共高268 米。其特别之处在于，塔楼实为三个部分垂 直组成，底层与中间穿插进两个水平状空中 花园。生态手段，如高层中庭采日光，玻璃 幕墙保温隔热性能等都被重点考虑。 设计：Buro Ole Scheeren 奥雷•舍人 地点：吉隆坡, 马来西亚
深圳KK100超高层设计 / TFP Farrells
深圳KK100超高层设计于去年完工，由 英国著名建筑师事务所特里法雷尔(TFP Farrells)完成。最近，该公司在中国完 成了一系列重大项目，其中包括北京南 站与东直门中国石油总部等。KK100位 于深圳CBD边缘，提供了一个新的商业 空间。项目包括包括五幢住宅楼宇与两 个商业楼宇。项目总高100层，441.8米， 总建筑面积21万平方米，总用地面积 41.7万平方米。入口处直接掀开表皮转 变为挑檐凸显于城市。屋顶设有多层通 高的花园，能直接俯瞰整个深圳，并远 眺香港。 设计：TFP Farrells 地点：中国，深圳
高层建筑High-RiseBuilding
Paragraph 3
(shear resistance of a mid-rise building )
Moderate additional bracing for rigid frames in “short” buildings can easily be provided by filling certain panels (or even all panels) without increasing the sizes of the columቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱs and girders otherwise required for vertical loads. additional bracing 附加的支撑
paragraph14megaframe巨型框架通过连接大型竖向和水平构件以形成巨型框架像两个或更多的电梯井与间隔几层的楼板系统相连25巨型结构251巨型框架结构是用筒体作柱子用高度很大的水平构件做梁
LESSON 15
High-Rise Buildings
1
Background Knowledge
为了使高层建筑对更高的水平荷载与变形有足够
的抵抗能力，常常需要做特殊的结构布置、且柱、
主梁、墙、板需要额外的结构材料。
12
Paragraph 5
(how the weight of structural steel increases as the number of stories increases)
Curve A in Fig. 25.1 represents the average unit weight of a conventional frame with increasing numbers of stories. Curve B represents the average steel weight if the frame is protected from all lateral loads. The gap between the upper boundary and the lower boundary represents the premium for height for the traditional column-and-beam frame. Structural engineers have developed structural systems with a view to eliminating this premium.