THE CALIFORNIA DESERT PROTECTION ACT&THE MOJAVE NATIONAL PRESERVE
帝国郡简介Imperial County
County seat Largest city Area • Total • Land • Water
El Centro El Centro
4,481.7 sq mБайду номын сангаас (11,608 km2) 4,176.6 sq mi (10,817 km ) 305.00 sq mi (789.9 km )
10 11 12 13
In popular culture See also References External links
History[edit]
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2009)
County
The fields of Imperial Valley, Salton Sea, CA (2008)
Seal
Location in the state of California
California's location in the United States Country State Region Incorporated United States California Imperial Valley August 7, 1907
Juan Bautista de Anza Bezerra Nieto Spanish explorer Melchor Díaz was one of the first Europeans to visit the area around Imperial Valley in 1540. The explorer Juan Bautista de Anza also explored the area in 1776.[2] Years later, after the Mexican-American War, the northern half of the valley was annexed by the U.S., while the southern half remained under Mexican rule. Small scale settlement in natural aquifer areas occurred in the early 19th century (the present-day site of Mexicali), but most permanent settlement (Anglo Americans in the U.S. side, Mexicans in the other side) was after 1900. In 1905, torrential rainfall in the American Southwest caused the Colorado River (the only drainage for the region) to
环境保护措施英语作文(4篇)
环境保护措施英语作文（4篇）（经典版）编制人：__________________审核人：__________________审批人：__________________编制单位：__________________编制时间：____年____月____日序言下载提示：该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的，希望大家下载后，能够帮助大家解决实际问题。
文档下载后可定制修改，请根据实际需要进行调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种类型的经典范文，如总结报告、心得体会、应急预案、演讲致辞、合同协议、规章制度、条据文书、教学资料、作文大全、其他范文等等，想了解不同范文格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by this editor. I hope that after you download it, it can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you!Moreover, our store provides various types of classic sample essays, such as summary reports, insights, emergency plans, speeches, contract agreements, rules and regulations, documents, teaching materials, complete essays, and other sample essays. If you would like to learn about different sample formats and writing methods, please pay attention!环境保护措施英语作文（4篇）在日常学习、工作和生活中，大家都经常看到作文的身影吧，作文要求篇章结构完整，一定要避免无结尾作文的出现。
《加州旅馆》——背景介绍
《加州旅馆》——背景介绍《加州旅馆》——背景介绍加州旅馆到底是指什么？它在哪里？有人认为歌曲中的加州旅馆是确实存在的，而这之中还有旅馆、戒毒所、精神病院三种说法。
认为确实存在这个旅馆的人，在南加州的托多斯。
桑托斯（Todos Santos）这个小镇算是找到他们需要的一切。
小镇在南加州高速公路的沙漠旁边，在小镇内有一座类似唱片封面的旅馆，在旅馆的不远处是会半夜传来钟声的教堂，而这旅馆在以前正是有暗地的色情交易。
旅馆的主人号称这正是歌曲中的“加州旅馆”，不过小镇历史上，旅馆的改名是在歌曲已经流行后的八十年代才发生的。
在九十年代后期，数篇报章开始登载这个正宗“加州旅馆”的故事，最后终于引来了歌曲创作者Don Henley在2000年的正式否认：老鹰乐队的成员从未到过此地。
歌曲本身的数次对毒品的暗示，是加州旅馆原是戒毒所说法的来源。
加州旅馆是在南加州公路旁的一个自愿戒毒院，老鹰队员曾经吸毒与入院的经历是歌词的创作来源。
歌词在一开始colitas的暗示，头感到发重是吸大麻烟的特征。
“lit up a candle”是一个吸毒的常用语，在后院跳舞更是吸毒后失控发作的一个现象。
这种自愿戒毒院是主要为中产阶层开的，介于疗养院与戒毒所之间，而淫乱现象更是七十年代中产阶层放荡后的一种常态。
毒品的瘾性使得你可以在某段时间痊愈而离开戒毒院，不过却永远无法摆脱那重蹈旧轨的阴影，这正是“你可以一时结账，却永远无法离开”的写照。
歌词的诡异可能是精神病院说法的来源。
歌词中与之相关联的暗示有：不断有远处声音的幻听想象；天堂和地狱指精神病人中某些如恶魔的邪恶人性和如天使纯洁无知觉；在后院里病人如着魔般的跳舞；头脑思想扭曲正是精神病的直语；自己思想的囚犯也是暗语；想杀死恶魔却总杀不死的精神病幻觉。
当然精神病也和毒品一样，你可以觉得你暂时是正常了，却无法保证将来是正常的，永远无法离开那阴影。
七十年代曾经是电影界恐怖片流行的时候，而这歌词正向我们勾出这样的故事框架：边远沙漠大路上的孤独一人，大门前掌烛的丽人，酒吧的神秘领班，后院的召魔舞蹈，意图杀死却总杀不死的恶魔，即使结束却总有人来在背后提醒还有续集的结尾。
重庆市巴蜀中学校2023-2024学年高一上学期期末模拟英语试题试题
重庆市巴蜀中学校2023-2024学年高一上学期期末模拟英语试题试题一、阅读理解Are You a Moring Person?Mornings are not for everyone. Knowing that our own bodies may be wired to prefer a certain time of day is certainly a relief. But many of us still have to wake up and function during those first daylight hours. So what can you do?We tapped a variety of experts - from sleep experts to nutritionists to life organizational pros (生活管理达人) — to share their tricks on how to make morning less stressful and more pleasant for even the most after-hours of night owls.1. Night wakingPoor sleep quality can explain why we sometimes wake up from eight hours of snoozing and feel like we only clocked in at four. “It’s normal to have one or two awakenings, but more than that leaves us feeling groggy (昏昏沉沉) in the morning because of the fragmented sleep,” explains Shelby Harris, director of the behavioral sleep medicine program at Montefiore Medical Center.2. The Science of snoozingThe snooze button does more harm than good. Nodding off again sends you into a light and fragmented sleep! Multiple snoozes can leave you feeling groggier than just getting out of bed the first time. Instead, be honest about the time you intend to get up and then enjoy every last minute of sleep, so you can wake up alert and ready to go. 3. Don’t ease into your workdayIt can be tempting to plow through the easy things early on—checking e-mail, scanning the headlines—but it’s wise to tackle the bigger stuff first. “Getting to work on the most important tasks not only ups the chances that they actually get done, but it also leaves you with a burst of accomplishment to take with you the rest of the day,” says Jason Selk, coauthor of Organize Tomorrow Today.4. Save social media for laterSchedule a social media block later in the afternoon to check in when you’re likely to need a break anyway, and save the morning for the important stuff.1．What’s the purpose of the passage?A．To help us to get the most out of our mornings.B．To relieve us from the guilt of multiple snoozes in the morning.C．To warn us of the harm of not getting out of bed immediately.D．To inform us about the fact that our bodies are wired to prefer a certain time of day.2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A．One or two awakenings ensure us a good night’s sleep.B．To be an early bird, better forget about the snooze button.C．It’s important not to block social medium if you want to save your morning.D．Beginning a day with easy things aroused our interest and a sense of accomplishment.3．Where can we find the passage?A．Classified Advertisement B．Travel BrochureC．Life and Study D．Scientific JournalSitting in the garden for my friend’s birthday. I felt a buzz (振动) in my pocket. My heart raced when I saw the email sender’s name. The email started off: “Dear Mr Green, thank you for your interest” and “the review process took longer than expected.” It ended with “We are sorry to inform you…” and my vision blurred (模糊). The position—measuring soil quality in the Sahara Desert as part of an undergraduate research programme — had felt like the answer I had spent years looking for.I had put so much time and emotional energy into applying, and I thought the rejection meant the end of the road for my science career.So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, who was running the programme, invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally shocked—and overjoyed—when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab. What she proposed didn’t seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I was going to give it my all.I found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data from the desert remotely. That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the desert, not only survived the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn’t. In the end, I had a new scientific interest to pursue.When I applied to graduate school, I found three programmes promising to allow me to follow my desired research direction. And I applied with the same anxious excitement as before. When I was rejected from one that had seemed like a perfect fit, it was undoubtedly difficult. But this time I had the perspective (视角) to keep it from sending me into panic. It helped that in the end I was accepted into one of the other programmes I was also excited about.Rather than setting plans in stone, I’ve learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered,even if they don’t sound perfect at the time, and make the most of them.4．How did the author feel upon seeing the email sender’s name?A．Anxious.B．Angry.C．Surprised.D．Settled.5．After talking with Professor Devon, the author decided to ________.A．criticise the review process B．stay longer in the Sahara DesertC．apply to the original project again D．put his heart and soul into the lab work6．According to the author, the project with the robotics professor was ________.A．demanding B．inspiring C．misleading D．amusing7．What can we learn from this passage?A．An invitation is a reputation.B．An innovation is a resolution.C．A rejection can be a redirection.D．A reflection can be a restriction.An immersive and slow-paced Citywalk is becoming trendy across China. In contrast to rushing past overcrowded tourist landmarks, the new trend has emerged as a popular alternative to explore bustling markets, ancient streets, and charming alleys at a leisurely pace.The appeal of Citywalk caters particularly to the younger generation often caught up in demanding work schedules. As evidenced by the increasing popularity of hash tags like “City walk for vacation” on lifestyle sharing platform Xiaohong shu, with a staggering 465 million views and nearly 464, 600 engagements, the trend is truly capturing unbelievable attention.Citywalk, or meandering through the urban landscapes, means the act of walking freely along city streets unburdened by exhaustive plans. It offers people an avenue to intimately experience urban culture and local traditions. Citywalk is not merely about sightseeing. It creates an opportunity for social interactions and deep connections with the cities. Citywalk routes are tailored to the specific interests of both out-of-town tourists and locals. For tourists, the focus is on sharing local customs and traditions, while for locals, discussions revolve around the city’s past, present, and future. The growing trend of Citywalk reflects a changing attitude towards life, embracing a warmer, more relaxed, and slower-paced lifestyle.As Citywalk expands beyond first-tier cities like Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou, to second-and third-tier cities across the county, it brings fresh opportunities for the tourism industry, in such areas as dining, shopping, and accommodation.Governments in Beijing and Shandong have recognized the potential of Citywalk, incorporating it into theiraction plans to promote cultural tourism and leisure activities. In Shanghai, public bus lines specially designed have been introduced to elevate the overall Citywalk for participants.“By slowing down and delving into the narrow alleys, observing the lives of city residents, and immersing oneself in the context of museums and art galleries, one is entitled to embrace the pleasure of life,” said Luo Jun, a cultural tourism enthusiast.8．What’s the main reason for the popularity of Citywalk among young people?A．It mainly focuses on urban sightseeing.B．Social media offer many tempting videos.C．Busywork schedule limits the choice of people.D．Conventional tourist landmarks are losing charm.A．Astonishing.B．Rewarding.C．Embarrassing.D．Shrinking.10．Which of the following statements is NOT Citywalk?A．An immersive route for foreigners to enjoy the alleys in Chengdu.B．A holiday travel to hurriedly visit crowded landmarks in Shanghai.C．A free walk including visiting museums and old towns in Qingdao.D．A leisurely tour along Qiantang River to experience city transformation.11．What have some governments done to promote Citywalk?A．Facilities in the museums have been enhanced.B．Cooperation has been strengthened among cities.C．Opportunities have been offered to third-tier cities.D．Specific public transportation routes have been introduced.We all have a tendency to fake laugh, particularly when authority figures in our lives try to make a joke that just doesn’t land. Though it might feel rude not to laugh when your in-laws or boss try to say something funny, pretending to do so might not be much better. It turns out, even if you think that your forced laughing sounds genuine, people are usually pretty good at separating truly spirited belly laughs from fake ones. But how can they possible know the difference?Well, when researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles studied the acoustic and perceptual differences between real and fake laughter, they found that some of the sounds associated with genuine laughter is“really hard to fake.” In their study, the researchers determined that subjects were only fooled by 37 percent of fake laughter.The most prominent factor distinguishing real laughter from fake laughter is duration -- or, more specifically, the number of breaths taken in in between sounds. Seeing as it takes more effort and concentration to fake a laugh as opposed to do it genuinely, people tend to pause more in between their “ha-ha’s” when they’re faking it. Evidently, that pausing is pretty noticeable.“A fake laugh is basically an imitation of a real laugh, but produced with a slightly different set of vocal muscles controlled by a different part of our brain,” Greg Bryant, the lead UCLA researcher on the study, explained. “The result is that there are subtle features of the laugh that sound like speech, and ... people are unconsciously quite sensitive to them.”People have also proven to be emotionally sensitive to laughter as well. “Our rains are very sensitive to the social and emotional significance of laughter,” said Carolyn McGettigan, a scientist at Royal Holloway, University of London.McGettigan conducted a 2014 study that recorded participants’ brain responses as they listened to the same people produce genuine laughter by watching funny videos, as opposed to fake laughter. “During our study, when participants heard a laugh that was posed, they activated regions of the brain associated with mentalizing in an attempt to understand the other person’s emotional and mental state,” she said.So, while we may understand that certain social situations sometimes require fake laughter, most of the time, our instincts and emotional intelligence are just too smart to buy into them.According to McGettigan, that’s a good thing. “Evolutionarily speaking, it’s good to be able to detect if someone is authentically experiencing an emotion or if they’re not,” she said. “Because you don’t want to be fooled.”12．What do researchers at the University of California want to find out in this study?A．What is the difference between a fake laugh and a real one.B．Which part of the brain controls the sound of our laughter.C．Why do people need to fake laugh when they don’t want to.D．How to laugh as genuinely as possible when you are faking it.13．Your forced laughing is more noticeable than you think, mainly because_______.A．you seem more concentrated when you laugh for realB．you take more breaths when you try to fake a laughC．a fake laugh often happens after a sudden pauseD．a real laugh usually lasts longer than a fake one14．Which of the following is true according to Greg Bryant?A．Real laughter is not at all controllable by our brain.B．People may notice fake laughter without knowing why.C．People use the same set of muscles to laugh and to speak.D．Faking laugh shares the same techniques as making speech.15．What has Carolyn McGettigan’s 2014 study proven?A．Certain social situations may require us to fake a laugh.B．Evolution has enabled us to recognize other’s emotions.C．By instincts, we are able to tell a person’s mental state.D．We can sense other’s emotional state when they laugh.Will Traditional TV Ever Be Replaced by Streaming?For a long time, people had to listen to the radio to get news, drama, and music at home. This all changed with the development of the television in the early 20th century. 16 Since then, British TV viewers have enjoyed the launch of commercial TV, the addition of Channel 4, and then Channel 5, and finally the birth of paid services through satellite and cable.A Slow DeclineWhile the uptake of TV ownership exploded, the decline of television's dominance has been slow and has been going on for the past decade. 17 Streaming services have given us access to more content than was ever possible, including back catalogues of classic shows and blockbuster movies.Changing Viewing HabitsIn the UK, adults are spending more time watching content on YouTube and streaming services than ever before. In 2018, these figures were 30 minutes and 26 minutes per day respectively. 18Still the King19 For example, in 2018 UK adults continued to watch BBC One for an average of 41 minutes per day, more than any streaming service.Average viewing time for all traditional TV channels continues to decline though, despite much larger quantities of original content being produced by these organisations. 20While the traditional TV networks have seen a decline, the television set itself doesn't look like it's going anywhere any time soon.A．This has been the trend for the last couple of decades.B．The original content has included massively popular shows.C．Suddenly, we were able to see what was going on, not just listen along.D．The traditional TV channels are taking away audiences from streaming services.E．Most major TV channels have their own catch up streaming service.F．While demand for streaming services is up, TV continues to be the most watched overall.G．Today, we have the power to watch whatever, whenever, wherever we want.二、单项选择21．_____ his conclusion on the evidence he collected on the spot, he proved that the murderer was guilty.A．Based B．Basing C．To base D．Being based22．Beloved by people of all classes, Neruda is one of the most widely read poets in history, who was once_________ as the Picasso of poetry.A．respected to B．related to C．referred to D．connected to23．It took me a long time before I was able to fully ____________ what my parents had done for me.A．appreciate B．relate C．regard D．refer24．In August, radioactive wastewater from Japan was released into the Pacific Ocean, _________ effects people are still suffering.A．by which B．from which C．from whose D．by whose25．Despite _________ under the ruins after the earthquake and the great trouble he had _________, he was still positive and relived a younger girl beside him.A．trapped; breathing B．trapping; to breatheC．being trapped; breathing D．trapping; breathed26．An ancient temple _________ the Northern Qi Dynasty was destroyed in flames, _________ concerns about the effective protection of cultural relics.A．dating back to; caused B．dating from; causingC．dated back to; causing D．dated from; caused27．It is generally considered unwise to give a child ______ he or she wants ______ rich you are.A．whatever, however B．no matter what, no matter howC．whenever, however D．no matter when, no matter how28．China’s image is improving steadily, with more countries _________ its role in international affairs..A．being recognized B．recognizingC．to be recognized D．recognized29．The reason ________ he didn’t come to school on time is ________ he had to take care of his sick brother at home.A．That; because B．that; that C．why; because D．why; that30．There was a time _________, if a lady got onto a crowded bus or train, a gentleman would stand up and offer her his seat.A．while B．as C．when D．until三、完形填空on film, to describe in words, or to explain to those who have never had the awe-inspiring experience of standing in the heart of a primary rainforest.Rainforests have 32 over millions of years to turn into the incredibly complex environments they are today. Rainforests represent a store of living and 33 renewable natural resources that for an immeasurably long period of time, by virtue of their richness in both animal and plant species, have 34 a wealth of resources for the survival and well-being of humankind. These resources have included basic food supplies, clothing, shelter, fuel, spices, industrial raw materials, and medicine for all those who have lived in the majesty of the forest. 35 , the inner dynamics (动力学；相互作用的方式) of a tropical rainforest is a complex and fragile system. Everything is so 36 that upsetting one part can lead to unknown damage or even destruction of the whole. Sadly, it has taken only a century of human intervention to destroy what nature designed to 37 forever.The scale of human 38 on ecosystems everywhere has increased enormously in the last few decades. Since 1980 the global economy has tripled in size and the world population has increased by 30 percent. Consumption of everything on the planet has risen — at a cost to our 39 . In 2001, The World Resources Institute estimated that the demand for rice, wheat, and corn is expected to grow by 40% by 2025, increasingirrigation water demands by 50% or more. They further reported that the demand for wood could double by the year 2050; 40 , it is still the tropical forests of the world that supply the most part of the world’s demand for wood.In 1950, about 15 percent of the Earth’s land surface was covered by rainforest. Today, more than half has already gone up in 41 . In fewer than fifty years, about half of the world’s tropical rainforests have fallen 42 to fire or deforestation, and the rate of destruction is still 43 . Unbelievably, more than 200,000 acres of rainforest are burned every day. That is more than 150 acres lost every minute of every day, and 78 million acres lost every year! More than 20 percent of the Amazon rainforest is already gone, and much more is severely 44 as the destruction continues. If nothing is done to control this 45 , the entire Amazon could well be gone within fifty years. Fewer rainforests mean less rain, less oxygen for us to breathe, and an increased threat from global warming.31．A．establish B．claim C．capture D．prove32．A．extended B．evolved C．expanded D．resolved33．A．energizing B．healing C．isolating D．breathing34．A．destroyed B．contributed C．reduced D．affected35．A．However B．Furthermore C．Therefore D．Otherwise36．A．active B．positive C．interdependent D．dominant37．A．restore B．support C．relieve D．last38．A．pressure B．resources C．concern D．strengths39．A．existence B．ecosystem C．species D．survival40．A．unfortunately B．consequently C．naturally D．similarly41．A．store B．food C．smoke D．wealth42．A．subject B．down C．apart D．victim43．A．running out B．going up C．holding back D．falling down44．A．released B．revealed C．threatened D．boosted45．A．trend B．practice C．intention D．attitude四、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
关于加州的英文短语
关于加州的英文短语1. California is known for its beautiful beaches and sunny weather.2. The Golden Gate Bridge is a famous landmark in California.3. Los Angeles is the largest city in California and is known for its entertainment industry.4. San Francisco is known for its hilly terrain, beautiful bay views, and historic architecture.5. California is the most populous state in the United States.6. Hollywood is located in California and is the entertainment capital of the world.7. The state flower of California is the golden poppy.8. California is home to the tallest trees in the worldin the Redwood National and State Parks.9. The state animal of California is the grizzly bear.10. California produces the most agricultural products in the United States.11. The Napa Valley in California is famous for its wine production.12. California is home to Silicon Valley, a major center for the tech industry.13. The weather in California varies greatly from its northern to southern regions.14. Yosemite National Park in California is known for its stunning granite cliffs and waterfalls.15. The official state motto of California is "Eureka".16. The state bird of California is the California quail.17. Many famous national parks are located in California, including Joshua Tree National Park and Death Valley National Park.18. The California State Capitol is located in Sacramento.19. California has a diverse population with people from many different backgrounds and cultures.20. California has a thriving economy with a strong focus on entertainment, technology, and agriculture.21. The state reptile of California is the deserttortoise.22. California is known for its progressive policies, particularly in the areas of environmental conservation and LGBTQ rights.23. The state fish of California is the golden trout.24. The California Gold Rush of the mid-1800s led to a population boom in the state.25. The economy of California is the largest in theUnited States and the fifth largest in the world.26. The state flag of California features a grizzly bear and a red star.27. Lake Tahoe, located in the Sierra Nevada Mountains,is a popular destination for outdoor recreation in California.28. The California State University system is one of the largest in the country.29. The Port of Los Angeles is the busiest container port in the United States.30. California's official colors are blue and gold.31. The Transcontinental Railroad was completed in Promontory, Utah on May 10, 1869 where the Central Pacificand Union Pacific railroads met.32. California is home to a diverse range of ecosystems, including forests, deserts, and coastal areas.33. The Channel Islands National Park off the coast of California is home to a rich diversity of plant and animal life.34. Disneyland, located in Anaheim, California, is one of the most popular theme parks in the world.35. The state insect of California is the California dogface butterfly.36. The San Andreas Fault in California is a major geologic feature and is responsible for much of the state's seismic activity.37. The official state song of California is "I Love You, California".38. California is known for its progressive environmental policies, including efforts to reduce carbon emissions and promote renewable energy.39. California is the birthplace of the modern environmental movement and the home to many iconic national parks and wilderness areas.40. The state gem of California is benitoite, a rare and beautiful blue crystal.41. Many iconic movies and TV shows have been filmed in California, taking advantage of its diverse landscapes and urban environments.42. California is a major center for aerospace and aviation research and development.43. The state fossil of California is the saber-toothed cat.44. The California coastline stretches over 800 miles and is known for its stunning natural beauty.45. The University of California system is a leading public research university system in the United States.46. The state beverage of California is wine, reflecting the state's prominent wine industry.47. California has a rich history of Native American culture and was home to many native tribes before European settlement.48. The state rock of California is serpentine, a greenish mineral that is common in the state's geology.49. The tech industry in California is centered in Silicon Valley and has been a major driver of the state's economy.50. California has a strong tradition of innovation and entrepreneurship, with many successful companies originating in the state.51. The California State Railroad Museum in Sacramento showcases the history of railroads in California and the United States.。
tpo62三篇托福阅读TOEFL原文译文题目答案译文背景知识
tpo62三篇托福阅读TOEFL原文译文题目答案译文背景知识阅读-1 (2)原文 (2)译文 (5)题目 (7)答案 (15)背景知识 (16)阅读-2 (23)原文 (23)译文 (27)题目 (30)答案 (36)背景知识 (37)阅读-3 (39)原文 (39)译文 (43)题目 (46)答案 (53)背景知识 (54)阅读-1原文Plant Adaptations to Cool Environments①There are many interesting adaptations that allow plants to survive in cool environments.One obvious strategy is dormancy(a suspension of activity)during the cold season.Most of the common trees in the forests of northeastern North America,western Europe,and eastern Asia,such as the maples,oaks,beech,birches,and ashes,are deciduous trees that lose their frost-sensitive leaves during the cold winter season.In most of these trees,the leaves suffer damage at temperatures of freezing or just below.The new leaves arise in the spring from winter buds that can remain viable at colder temperatures.②Most of the needle-leaved conifers of the northern and alpine forests,such as pines,spruces,and firs,do not lose their leaves during the winter.How do such evergreen plants escape intracellular freezing (freezing within cells)and tissue destruction when temperatures may drop to-40℃or colder?In these plants,the onset of cool temperatures causes physiological changes that allow plant tissue to either avoid freezing or restrict freezing to extracellular areas(thoseoutside of cells).For plants to avoid freezing,they must chemically alter their liquids into a form that is analogous to antifreeze in automobiles.The liquids in these plants can be cooled far below0℃and will not freeze.This process is called supercooling and is achieved by the metabolic synthesis of sugars and other molecules which,when in solution in the plant's tissue,lower the temperature for ice formation to far below0℃.Supercooling seems to be the prevalent mechanism of frost resistance in herbs.For woody plants,supercooling is augmented by declines of cellular water content,greater cellular accommodation to deformation,and processes that allow water to accumulate and freeze in extracellular spaces.The loss of water from the cells to extracellular areas increases the solute content(the quantity of dissolved substances)of the remaining cell water,making it more resistant to freezing.The cell walls can accommodate the deformations caused by water freezing on the exterior of the cell.For northern and alpine evergreens such as pines and spruces,both supercooling and extracellular ice formation play a part in allowing the plants to withstand extremely cold temperatures.One interesting facet of these physiological adaptations to freezing is that most of these plants will still be damaged by cold temperatures if they do not have a period of cooling in which to adjust to the onset of winter.This process of physiological preparation for the onset of winter cold is called frosthardening.③Some members of the cactus family appear to resist freezing during cool nights by radiating heat stored during the day in their thick,moist tissue.The greater the mass of the cactus,the more heat it can store and the less prone it will be to freezing damage during the night.How is it then that these cacti can survive cold temperatures when they are young and small?The giant saguaro cactus is perhaps the best-known symbol of the southwestern desert of North America.In the popular lore of North America,the distinctive shape of the multistemmed saguaro is a universally recognized icon that is used to represent deserts in movies,television,and comics.Yet,this distinctive and widely recognized plant is actually found only in the Sonoran Desert of California,Arizona,and adjacent Mexico.The saguaro cactus is damaged or killed if exposed to prolonged freezing temperatures. Desert climates in the northern Sonoran Desert are typified by warm days but sometimes experience nighttime temperatures that are below freezing in the winter.Young saguaros that survive are found sheltered beneath more frost-tolerant desert shrubs.The cover of these shrubs acts as a thermal blanket,capturing heat radiated from the ground and keeping the microclimate of the small saguaro warm at night.As thecactus grows,it eventually rises above the cover of the protective shrub.The radiation of heat from the stalk of the large mature cactus prevents freezing.This strategy works up to a point.The range of the saguaro is restricted to areas that do not experience more than about 12to24continuous hours of air temperatures below0℃.It appears that after24hours of freezing air temperatures,not enough heat reserve is left in the saguaro to keep the tissue from freezing.译文植物适应寒冷环境①有许多有趣的适应性可以让植物在凉爽的环境中生存。
沙漠之舟高级英语
沙漠之舟高级英语The Enigmatic Beauty of the DesertThe desert, with its vast expanse of barren land, often evokes images of desolation and harshness. However, beneath the seeminglylifeless and inhospitable surface lies a world of profound beauty and mystery. The desert, like an enigmatic boat sailing through time, hasits own unique allure that captivates the hearts and minds of those who dare to explore its secrets.First and foremost, the desert's breathtaking landscapes are a sight to behold. From the towering dunes of the Sahara to the rugged canyonsof the American Southwest, these natural wonders inspire a sense of awe and wonder. The shifting sands, sculpted by the wind over millennia, create ever-changing patterns that mesmerize the eyes. The play of light and shadow on the dunes at sunrise or sunset is a spectacle that canonly be witnessed in the desert. It is a reminder that even in the harshest of environments, nature can create moments of transcendent beauty.Moreover, the desert is a haven for unique and resilient forms of life. Despite the scarcity of water and extreme temperatures, flora and fauna have adapted to survive and thrive in these challenging conditions. The Joshua trees of California's Mojave Desert and the cacti of the Sonoran Desert are testament to nature's ingenuity. Their ability to store water and endure prolonged periods of drought is a testament tothe resilience of life.The desert also holds a wealth of cultural and historical significance. For centuries, nomadic tribes and ancient civilizations have called the desert home. These cultures have developed intricate systems of survival and thrived in harmony with their environment. From the Bedouin tribes of the Arabian Desert to the Native American tribesof the Southwest, the desert has shaped their way of life, their customs, and their traditions. Their stories and legends, passed down from generation to generation, add to the mystique and allure of the desert.In addition to its natural and cultural wonders, the desert offers a unique sense of solitude and introspection. The vastness of the landscape and the absence of human presence allow for a deeperconnection with oneself and the universe. The silence of the desert is a stark contrast to the noise and chaos of modern life. It offers a sanctuary for reflection and contemplation, a space to escape from the distractions of the world and find inner peace.However, it is important to acknowledge the fragility of the desert ecosystem and the need for its conservation. Human activities, such as overgrazing, urbanization, and climate change, pose significant threats to the delicate balance of desert ecosystems. Efforts must be made to protect these unique and invaluable landscapes for future generations to enjoy and appreciate.In conclusion, the desert is far from a barren wasteland. It is a place of wonder and beauty, a testament to the resilience of life andthe ingenuity of nature. From its breathtaking landscapes to its rich cultural heritage, the desert offers a wealth of experiences andinsights for those willing to embark on a journey of exploration. It isa reminder that even in the harshest of environments, there is beauty to be found.。
小学上册第2次英语第3单元期中试卷
小学上册英语第3单元期中试卷英语试题一、综合题(本题有100小题，每小题1分，共100分.每小题不选、错误，均不给分)1.My brother is a ______. He enjoys cooking.2.I love to watch _____ (小动物) interact at the zoo.3.How many continents are there?A. 5B. 6C. 7D. 84.The ancient civilization of ________ is revered for its artistic achievements.5.The Milky Way has a spiral structure with arms containing many _______.6.Water is made up of _______ and oxygen.7.What do we call a story that teaches a lesson?A. NovelB. FableC. PoemD. Biography8.What is the smallest unit of life?A. OrganB. TissueC. CellD. OrganismC9.The capital of Cambodia is _______.10. A _______ is used to measure the pressure of gases.11.The ________ was a famous leader known for his reforms.12.My mom enjoys __________ (园艺).13.What is the capital of Thailand?A. BangkokB. PhuketC. Chiang MaiD. Pattaya14.Bubbles form when a liquid ______.15.My dad is ________ a car.16.The bear catches fish with its _________. (嘴)17.The _______ of a wave can be visualized with a diagram.18.The clock says it is ________ o'clock.19.I love to watch the ______ (雷电) during a storm.20.What do you call the sound a dog makes?A. MeowB. RoarC. BarkD. Tweet21.Chemical reactions can release energy in the form of ______.22.Superclusters are large groups of ______ that contain many galaxies.23.The painter, ______ (画家), creates beautiful art.24.The bronze age followed the ________ age.25.ts are considered ______ (杂草) in gardens. Some pla26._____ (根系) support the plant and absorb nutrients.27.Chemical reactions often involve the breaking and forming of ______.28.The Earth's surface is shaped by both natural and human ______.29.The process of hydrolysis uses ______ to break bonds.30.The study of the Earth's surface features is known as ______.31.My favorite animal is the ______ (狮子).32.The _________ (玩具) shop is full of _________ (颜色鲜艳的) toys.33.The ______ (绿化) of cities is important.34.In an electrochemical cell, oxidation occurs at the ____ electrode.35.What do we call the time between night and day?A. DawnB. DuskC. EveningD. Noon36.The flowers bloom in different _______ (花以不同的_______开放).37.What is the name of the famous American singer known for her hit song "Like a Prayer"?A. MadonnaB. Janet JacksonC. Britney SpearsD. Lady GagaA38.The __________ is known for its artistic community.39.The gift is _____ (for/from) you.40.The __________ is a famous desert in the United States.41.He drinks ___ in the morning. (milk)42. A catalyst speeds up a __________ (反应) without being consumed.43.The __________ is a major agricultural area in the United States. (中西部)44.My ______ is a doctor who helps people feel better.45.What is the color of an apple?A. BlackB. WhiteC. RedD. Purple46.What is the name of the famous bear in the Hundred Acre Wood?A. PaddingtonB. Winnie the PoohC. BalooD. YogiB47.The ______ (阳光) is necessary for photosynthesis.48.My aunt is very _______ (形容词) when it comes to cooking. 她的菜很好吃，真_______ (形容词).49.What is the name of the famous ancient ruins in Mexico?A. TeotihuacanB. Machu PicchuC. Angkor WatD. PetraA50.I enjoy reading ______ at night.51.The ancient civilization of __________ (玛雅) is known for its advanced knowledge of astronomy.52.Which fruit is red and often mistaken for a vegetable?A. BananaB. TomatoC. AppleD. GrapeB53.What is the primary color of the sky on a clear day?A. BlueB. GreenC. RedD. YellowA54.Air is a mixture of several different ______.55.The _______ (The Gulf War) involved a coalition against Iraq in the early 1990s.56.Chemical reactions often produce ______.57.Which animal is known for having a pouch?A. ElephantB. KangarooC. DogD. CatB58.The __________ (历史的反思) fosters growth.59.Fossils are often found in sedimentary ______ that formed over millions of years.60.The first female pharaoh of Egypt was _______. (哈特谢普苏特)61.The _____ (植物细胞) help in growth and development.62.We are going to the ______ (amusement) park.63.We made a ______ out of sticks.64.I want to _____ (understand) how plants grow.65.The _____ (水果) is fresh.66.What do we call the act of protecting something from harm?A. DefenseB. ProtectionC. SafeguardingD. All of the aboveD67.The train leaves at _______ (five) o'clock.68.My cousin is a great ____ (swimmer).69.The grass is ______ (green) in the spring.70.What do you call a doctor who helps animals?A. DentistB. VeterinarianC. SurgeonD. PediatricianB71.What do you call a person who studies the stars?A. AstronomerB. AstrobiologistC. GeologistD. MeteorologistA72.What is the name of the device used to see small things?A. MicroscopeB. TelescopeC. BinocularsD. Magnifying GlassA73.The boiling point of water is higher at ______ altitude.74.What is the first letter of the English alphabet?A. AB. BC. CD. D答案:A75.What do you call a large, flightless bird?A. EagleB. OstrichC. SparrowD. Penguin76.What do you call the event where people come together to discuss important issues?A. MeetingB. ConferenceC. AssemblyD. ForumB77.What is the primary color of the sun?A. GreenB. BlueC. YellowD. RedC78.How many hours are there in a day?A. 12B. 24C. 36D. 48B79.What is the name of the first female astronaut?A. Sally RideB. Mae JemisonC. Valentina TereshkovaD. Eileen CollinsC80.What do you put on your head to keep warm?A. SocksB. HatC. GlovesD. ScarfB81.What do you call the tool used to cut wood?A. HammerB. SawC. ScrewdriverD. WrenchB82.I have a toy _______ that lights up and makes me smile.83.I help my sister with her __________. (画画)84.The scientist, ______ (科学家), studies how plants grow.85.Chemical reactions can be classified into several types, such as _______ and synthesis. (分解)86. A __________ is a large area of arid land.87.I can _____ (dance/sing) very well.88.I can ______ (利用) online tools effectively.89.Certain plants are known for their ______ (长寿命).90.What is the name of the famous ancient structure in England?A. StonehengeB. ColosseumC. Great WallD. PyramidsA Stonehenge91.What is the name of the imaginary line that runs from the North Pole to the South Pole?A. LatitudeB. LongitudeC. EquatorD. Meridian92.The chemical symbol for aluminum is _______.93.What is the name of the president of the USA?A. KingB. Prime MinisterC. MayorD. PresidentD94.什么是最常见的英语问候语？A. GoodbyeB. HelloC. See youD. ThanksB95.What is the opposite of "hot"?A. WarmB. ColdC. CoolD. Boiling96.The __________ is known for its deep ravines and mountains. (科罗拉多州)97.The _______ (The Age of Exploration) led to the discovery of new lands and trade routes.98.The __________ can provide critical insights into the health of the environment.99.The train is very ________.100.What do we call the distance around a circle?A. AreaB. CircumferenceC. RadiusD. DiameterB。
加州g2英语课作文沙漠徒步
加州g2英语课作文沙漠徒步In the heart of California's desert, I found myself ona journey that would test my endurance and courage. The sun was beating down mercilessly, and the sand seemed toswallow every step I took. Yet, the allure of the unknown and the promise of a breathtaking landscape kept me going.With every step, the heat seemed to intensify, and the silence of the desert was deafening. There were no distractions here, no sounds of civilization to comfort me. Just the rhythm of my breathing and the shuffle of my feet through the sand.As the day progressed, I started to feel the weight of my pack and the exhaustion in my legs. The landscape was unchanging, and the horizon seemed as far away as ever. Yet, I pressed on, determined to reach my destination.Just when I was starting to doubt my ability to continue, a small mirage appeared in the distance. It wasan oasis, a beacon of hope in the middle of the desert.With renewed energy, I quickened my pace and soon found myself standing at the edge of a small pool of water.The relief was instantaneous. The cool water was a welcome contrast to the heat of the desert, and the shade of the surrounding palm trees was a welcome sight. I took a moment to appreciate my surroundings and to reflect on the journey that had brought me here.Looking back, I realized that the desert had been more than just a challenging landscape. It had been a test of my resilience and a reminder of the power of perseverance. Through the heat and the exhaustion, I had found a newfound respect for nature and a deeper understanding of my own capabilities.As the sun began to set, I packed up my things and began the journey back. The return trip was easier, knowing that the end was near and that I had survived the harshest part of the desert. As I walked, I couldn't help but feel a sense of成就感 and pride. I had faced my fears and overcome the challenges of the desert, and for that, I was grateful.The desert had taught me many things, but the most important lesson was that of perseverance. No matter how difficult the journey may be, as long as we have thewillpower to continue, we can always find our way to the other side.**沙漠徒步：一次难忘的探险之旅**在加利福尼亚州的心脏地带，我踏上了一次考验耐力和勇气的旅程。
加利福尼亚英文介绍 做的很认真的
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Golden State
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Golden State
California
• California is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the thirdlargest by land area (after Alaska and Texas): 阿拉斯加和德克萨斯 . It is home to the nation's second and sixth-largest census statistical areas (Los Angeles Metropolitan Area and San Francisco Bay Area) :洛城大都 市区和三藩湾地区 , and eight of the nation's fifty most populated cities (Los Angeles, San Diego, San Jose, San Francisco, Fresno, Sacramento, Long Beach and Oakland):洛杉 机，圣迭戈，圣若泽，三藩，弗雷斯诺，萨克拉 门托，长滩，奥克兰 . The capital city is Sacramento:萨克拉门托 .
• California's climate varies from Mediterranean to subarctic. • Much of the state has a Mediterranean climate, with cool, rainy winters and dry summers. The cool California Current offshore often creates summer fog near the coast. Further inland, one encounters colder winters and hotter summers. • Northern parts of the state average higher annual rainfall than the south. California's mountain ranges influence the climate as well: some of the rainiest parts of the state are west-facing mountain slopes. Northwestern California has a temperate climate, and the Central Valley has a Mediterranean climate but with greater temperature extremes than the coast. The high mountains, including the Sierra Nevada, have a mountain climate with snow in winter and mild to moderate heat in summer. • The east side of California's mountains produce a rain shadow, creating expansive deserts. The higher elevation deserts of eastern California see hot summers and cold winters, while the low deserts east of the southern California mountains experience hot summers and nearly frostless mild winters. Death Valley, a desert with large expanses below sea level, is considered the hottest location in North America; the highest temperature in the Western Hemisphere, , was recorded there on July 10, 1913.
航天夏令营 英语作文
航天夏令营英语作文In the vast expanse of the universe, the mysteries of space have always fascinated mankind. This summer, I had the once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to participate in a Space Camp, an extraordinary experience that took me beyond the boundaries of Earth and into the infinite realm of space exploration.Located in the heart of the California desert, the Space Camp was a blend of education, adventure, and pure excitement. Upon arrival, the first thing that struck me was the massive simulation of a space station, a replica of which was built with remarkable attention to detail. The camp was divided into various sessions, each focusing on a different aspect of space exploration.The first session was dedicated to the basics of astronomy. We learned about the constellations, planets, and galaxies, and how they fit into the vast cosmic puzzle. Using powerful telescopes, we observed distant stars and planets, a breathtaking sight that left us in awe.The next session was all about rocket science. We were introduced to the principles of rocket propulsion and even had the opportunity to build our own miniature rockets. Launching them into the air, watching them arc gracefully through the sky, was a thrilling experience that brought home the magic of space travel.The highlight of the camp, however, was the simulation mission to Mars. We were divided into teams and given the task of planning and executing a mission to the red planet. From mission planning to spacecraft design, everything was done by us, under the guidance of expert mentors. The simulation was so realistic that it felt like we were actually traveling to Mars, and the sense of accomplishment when we successfully completed the mission was immense.The Space Camp was not just about learning, it was also about making new friends and bonding with people from different parts of the world, all sharing a common passion for space. The evenings were filled with fun activities and interactive sessions where we shared our experiences and dreams.In conclusion, the Space Camp was an unforgettable experience that not only broadened my knowledge about space but also instilled a sense of wonder and curiosity thatwill stay with me forever. It was a journey into the final frontier that left me inspired and eager to explore the mysteries of the universe.**航天夏令营：通向最终边疆的丰富之旅**在宇宙的广袤无垠中，太空的秘密一直令人类着迷。
写一篇作文仙人掌
写一篇作文仙人掌The cactus, known as the "desert guardian," is a plant that symbolizes strength and survival in harsh environments. 仙人掌，被称为“沙漠守护者”，象征着在恶劣环境中的坚韧和生存能力。
Its iconic silhouette and sharp spines make it instantly recognizable, and its ability to thrive in arid conditions has made it a symbol of resilience and adaptability. 它标志性的轮廓和尖利的刺让人们一眼就能认出它，而其在干旱条件下生存的能力使其成为了韧性和适应能力的象征。
From a botanical perspective, the cactus is a fascinating plant with unique physiological adaptations that allow it to survive in the desert. 从植物学的角度来看，仙人掌是一种非常有趣的植物，它具有独特的生理适应性，使其能够在沙漠中生存。
Its thick, fleshy stem stores water to sustain the plant during dry periods, and its small, often waxy, leaves minimize water loss through transpiration. 它的粗壮的肉质茎能够储存水分，以在干旱时期维持植物的生存，而其小而且通常是多蜡质的叶子能够最大限度地减少通过蒸腾而失去的水分。
Additionally, the cactus's ability to perform photosynthesis at night, when temperatures are lower and humidity is higher, helps it conserve precious water. 此外，仙人掌之所以能够在夜间进行光合作用，是因为此时的温度较低，湿度较高，有助于植物节省宝贵的水分。
介绍动物的生活习性生存现状英语作文
介绍动物的生活习性生存现状英语作文Here is an English essay on the living habits and current status of animals, with a word count of over 1,000 words.Animals are an integral part of our natural world, playing vital roles in the delicate balance of ecosystems. From the majestic lions roaming the African savannas to the colorful coral reefs teeming with marine life, the diversity of the animal kingdom is truly awe-inspiring. In this essay, we will explore the fascinating living habits and the current status of various animal species around the globe.One of the most captivating aspects of animal behavior is the intricate social structures and communication methods they employ. Take the example of wolves, which are known for their strong family bonds and complex pack dynamics. Wolves have a well-defined hierarchy within their packs, with the alpha pair leading the group. They use a variety of vocalizations, body language, and scent marking to convey messages and maintain their social order. This sophisticated social organization allows wolves to effectively hunt, defend their territory, and raise their young.Another intriguing example of animal socialization is the honeybeecolony. Bees live in highly organized hives, with a clear division of labor and a well-defined hierarchy. The queen bee is responsible for laying eggs and maintaining the colony, while the worker bees gather nectar, build the hive, and care for the young. Bees communicate with each other through a complex system of dance movements and pheromones, allowing them to coordinate their activities and respond to changes in their environment.In addition to their social behaviors, many animals have developed remarkable adaptations to thrive in their respective habitats. The polar bear, for instance, is perfectly suited to the harsh Arctic climate. Its thick fur and layer of insulating fat provide protection against the intense cold, while its large paws act as natural snowshoes, enabling the bear to traverse the frozen landscape with ease. Similarly, the desert-dwelling camel has evolved to conserve water and adapt to the scorching temperatures of its arid environment. The camel's hump, which stores fat that can be converted into water and energy when needed, is a testament to the remarkable resilience of these magnificent creatures.Unfortunately, many animal species are facing significant challenges to their survival due to various human-induced factors. Habitat loss, caused by deforestation, urbanization, and agricultural expansion, is one of the primary threats to wildlife. As natural habitats are destroyed or fragmented, animals are forced to compete for limitedresources, leading to increased conflicts with humans and a decline in population numbers. The African elephant, for instance, has experienced a dramatic decline in its population due to habitat loss and poaching for the illegal ivory trade.Pollution is another major concern for the welfare of animals. Plastic waste, oil spills, and chemical contamination can have devastating effects on marine ecosystems, threatening the survival of countless species of fish, sea turtles, and seabirds. The impact of pollution extends beyond the immediate environment, as toxins can accumulate in the food chain, ultimately affecting the health and well-being of larger predators, including humans.Climate change poses an even more significant challenge to the future of many animal species. As global temperatures rise, the delicate balance of ecosystems is disrupted, leading to changes in weather patterns, the availability of food and water, and the spread of diseases. This can have devastating consequences for animals that are unable to adapt quickly enough to the rapidly changing environment. The polar bear, for example, is facing an uncertain future as the Arctic sea ice, its primary hunting ground, continues to shrink at an alarming rate.Despite these daunting challenges, there are glimmers of hope in the efforts to protect and conserve animal populations around the world.Conservation organizations and governments are working to establish protected areas, implement stricter regulations on hunting and poaching, and promote sustainable practices in agriculture and resource extraction. Additionally, advances in scientific research and technology are providing new insights into animal behavior and ecology, which can inform more effective conservation strategies.One such example is the work being done to protect the endangered mountain gorilla. Through collaborative efforts between conservation groups, local communities, and government agencies, the population of mountain gorillas has slowly rebounded from the brink of extinction. Rigorous anti-poaching patrols, habitat restoration, and ecotourism initiatives have all played a crucial role in this success story.Another inspiring example is the recovery of the humpback whale population. After being hunted to the verge of extinction in the 20th century, humpback whales have made a remarkable comeback thanks to the implementation of international whaling bans and the designation of marine protected areas. Today, these majestic creatures can be observed breaching and singing their haunting melodies in oceans around the world, a testament to the power of conservation efforts.In conclusion, the living habits and current status of animals are atestament to the incredible diversity and resilience of the natural world. While many species face significant challenges to their survival, the efforts of conservation organizations, policymakers, and individuals to protect and preserve these precious resources offer hope for the future. By understanding and appreciating the intricate relationships between animals and their environments, we can work towards a more sustainable and harmonious coexistence, ensuring that the wonders of the animal kingdom continue to enrich our world for generations to come.。
治沙防沙新闻报道范文
治沙防沙新闻报道范文英文回答：Sand control and desertification prevention have always been important issues in environmental protection. The news often reports on various measures and initiatives taken to combat sandstorms and desertification. For example, in recent news, I read about a project in China where they are planting millions of trees to stabilize the shifting sand dunes. This is a great example of afforestation efforts to reduce desertification. By planting trees, the soil is held in place, preventing sand from being blown away by the wind.Another news report I came across highlighted the useof sand fences to control sand movement. These fences are installed along the coastlines or in desert regions to trap the sand and prevent it from spreading further. This method has proven to be effective in preventing sand dunes from encroaching on agricultural land or residential areas. The sand fences act as barriers, reducing the impact ofsandstorms and protecting vulnerable areas.Additionally, there have been reports on the implementation of water conservation measures in desert regions. Water scarcity is a common issue in desert areas, and efficient water management is crucial to prevent desertification. Some regions have introduced dripirrigation systems, which deliver water directly to the roots of plants, minimizing water loss through evaporation. This not only helps to conserve water but also promotes the growth of vegetation, stabilizing the soil and preventing desertification.中文回答：治理沙漠化和防止沙尘暴一直是环境保护中的重要问题。
小学下册D卷英语第三单元全练全测
小学下册英语第三单元全练全测英语试题一、综合题(本题有100小题，每小题1分，共100分.每小题不选、错误，均不给分)1. A ______ is a collection of data gathered from observations.2.What do you call a large body of water surrounded by land?A. LakeB. OceanC. RiverD. SeaA3.What do you like to do on a ______ (晴朗的) day?4.What is the primary ingredient in a smoothie?A. YogurtB. JuiceC. FruitD. Milk5.I can play make-believe with my ________ (玩具).6.Do you have any __________?7. A ____ is a small mammal that loves to dig in the dirt.8.The _____ (music/dance) is fun.9.The _______ of a pendulum can be illustrated using a clock mechanism.10. A __________ is an area where two oceans meet.11.Which planet is closest to the sun?A. EarthB. VenusC. MercuryD. MarsC12.In _____ (87), you can find many pyramids.13.We created an obstacle course with ________ (玩具车) in the backyard. It was a fun ________ (挑战).14.The chemical symbol for iodine is ______.15.The __________ was a time of great scientific advancement. (启蒙时代)16.What do you call a collection of poems?A. AnthologyB. NovelC. StorybookD. JournalA17.The Earth's crust is primarily composed of ______ and sedimentary materials.18.She is an actress, ______ (她是一名女演员), in a popular show.19.The __________ (历史的叙述) can influence public perception.20.What is the opposite of quiet?A. LoudB. SoftC. CalmD. PeacefulA21.I saw a ________ at the zoo yesterday.22.I want to ______ a new game. (try)23.The coach, ______ (教练), trains us for competitions.24.Some frogs can change ______.25.Some _______ can spread quickly.26.What do you call a collection of books?A. LibraryB. ShelfC. GalleryD. Office27.Which insect can produce silk?A. AntB. FlyC. CaterpillarD. SpiderC28. A ________ (马蜂) builds nests and can sting if threatened.29.How many hours are in a day?A. 12B. 24C. 36D. 4830.The Sahara is a large __________.31.What do we call the process of cleaning up the environment?A. Pollution controlB. Environmental protectionC. ConservationD. All of the aboveD32.What is the capital of Seychelles?A. VictoriaB. MahéC. PraslinD. La DigueA33.What is the name of the famous mountain in the Alps?A. Mont BlancB. MatterhornC. EigerD. JungfrauA Mont Blanc34.The ____ has a powerful sense of smell and can follow scents easily.35.The __________ (历史的研究方法) shapes conclusions.36. A ________ (植物观察课程) encourages exploration.37.What is the name of the famous theme park in California?A. DisneylandB. Universal StudiosC. SeaWorldD. Legoland38.The chemical formula for -octanoic acid is ______.39.The chemical symbol for rhenium is _____.40.The first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic was _______. (阿梅莉亚·埃尔哈特)41.I like _____ (to eat/to drink).42.We have a ______ (精彩的) event planned for next month.43.The soup is too ___ (spicy/sweet).44.I like to visit ______ (公园) to see the flowers blooming in spring.45.The __________ (火药) was invented in ancient China.46.The chemical formula for sodium bicarbonate is _______.47.What is 10 3?A. 6B. 7C. 8D. 948. A ____ is known for its loud croak at night.49.What is the opposite of "new"?A. FreshB. OldC. YoungD. Modern50.What do we call a large area of trees?A. DesertB. ForestC. MountainD. Field51.Which animal is known for building dams?A. BeaverB. OtterC. DuckD. FrogA52.We have a ______ (大) library in town.53.The ______ (鲸鱼) is known for its songs.54. A _______ (小蝙蝠) flies at night in search of insects.55.The formula for glucose is _____.56.What do you wear on your feet?A. HatB. GlovesC. ShoesD. Scarf57.Every morning, I wake up at _____ (时间) and get ready for school. I usually have _______ (食物) for breakfast. After that, I take my _______ (交通工具) to school.58.The first electric car was developed in the ______ (19世纪).59.The ________ (生态友好型技术) supports sustainability.60.The ______ helps transport oxygen in the blood.61.What do we call the process of becoming a butterfly?A. MetamorphosisB. TransformationC. EvolutionD. GrowthA62.It is ______ (下雨) outside, so take an umbrella.63.Did you see that _____ (小鸟) singing in the tree?64. A ________ (树木园) showcases different species.65.The _____ (chickpea) plant is a legume.66. A ________ is a large area of land that has a lot of vegetation.67.I love to go ______ (滑沙) in the desert.68.What do you call the large, flat area of land?A. MountainB. HillC. PlainD. Valley69.The library is full of _______ (书籍).70. A ____(settlement) is a community of people living in one place.71. A ____ is known for its elaborate courtship dance.72.I always carry a __________ in case of sudden rain. (雨具)73.What is the name of the fairy tale character who had a magic carpet?A. AladdinB. CinderellaC. RapunzelD. Snow White74.What do we call the first meal of the day?A. LunchB. DinnerC. BrunchD. BreakfastD Breakfast75.The __________ is a major river in the southeast United States. (佛罗里达河)76. A goldfish's memory can last for ______ (几个月).77.War was marked by competition in ________ (太空). The Cold78.The clouds are _____ in the sky. (floating)79.The element with the atomic number is ______.80.What is the term for a baby chicken?A. DucklingB. GoslingC. ChickD. PoultC81.What do you call a young cat?A. PuppyB. KittenC. CubD. Chick82.The earth spins on its _______.83.I love __________ in the summer.84.The __________ is a famous landmark in the United States.85.The ______ (植物观察) teaches us about growth.86.We have a ______ (丰富的) menu at the café.87.Listen and tick or cross.(听录音，打钩或划叉.)88.What is 10 3?A. 7B. 6C. 5D. 4A89.The _______ (Vikings) were known for their seafaring and exploration.90.The ______ shares useful tips on health.91.What do we call the process of cleaning the environment?A. RestorationB. RehabilitationC. RemediationD. All of the aboveD92.What is the opposite of ‘young’?A. OldB. NewC. FreshD. Recent93.The athlete trains for the _____ (比赛).94.I enjoy collecting ______ (自然) items like shells and rocks.95.What do you call a person who teaches at school?A. StudentB. PrincipalC. TeacherD. CounselorC96.What tool do astronomers use to observe distant stars?A. MicroscopeB. TelescopeC. BinocularsD. Camera97.The stars are ___ (twinkling) at night.98.What is the name of the famous river in Egypt?A. AmazonB. NileC. MississippiD. YangtzeB99.The process of creating steam from water is called _______. 100.What do you call the season when leaves fall from trees?A. SpringB. SummerC. AutumnD. WinterC。
八年级英语英语国家地理知识问答单选题50题
八年级英语英语国家地理知识问答单选题50题1.Which city is known as the "Big Smoke"?A.LondonB.ManchesterC.BirminghamD.Edinburgh答案：A。
本题主要考查对英国城市别称的了解。
伦敦被称为“大烟城”，所以选A。
B 曼彻斯特、C 伯明翰、D 爱丁堡都没有这个别称。
2.Which of the following is a famous landmark in London?A.The Eiffel TowerB.The Statue of LibertyC.Big BenD.The Leaning Tower of Pisa答案：C。
本题考查伦敦的著名地标。
A 埃菲尔铁塔在法国巴黎，B 自由女神像在美国，D 比萨斜塔在意大利，而大本钟是伦敦的著名地标，所以选C。
3.Which city is famous for its football teams?A.LiverpoolB.NewcastleC.CardiffD.Brighton答案：A。
本题考查对英国有著名足球队的城市的了解。
利物浦有很多著名的足球队，所以选A。
B 纽卡斯尔、C 加的夫、D 布莱顿在足球方面的知名度相对较低。
4.Where is the British Museum located?A.LondonB.ParisC.New YorkD.Berlin答案：A。
本题考查大英博物馆的位置。
大英博物馆位于伦敦，所以选A。
其他城市没有大英博物馆。
5.Which city is the capital of Scotland?A.LondonB.EdinburghC.GlasgowD.Aberdeen答案：B。
本题考查苏格兰的首府。
苏格兰的首府是爱丁堡，所以选B。
A 伦敦是英国的首都，C 格拉斯哥和D 阿伯丁都不是首府。
6.Which of the following is not a part of the United States?A.East CoastB.MidwestC.South AmericaD.West Coast答案：C。
小学上册第十一次英语第2单元期末试卷
小学上册英语第2单元期末试卷英语试题一、综合题(本题有100小题，每小题1分，共100分.每小题不选、错误，均不给分)1.What do we call the person who studies history?A. HistorianB. ScientistC. BiologistD. Chemist2.The __________ (历史的交流方式) foster understanding.3.What color are bananas when they are ripe?A. GreenB. YellowC. RedD. Blue4.She is organizing her ___. (books)5.ers are __________ (香味) and attract bees. Some flo6.What do you call the story of your life?A. BiographyB. AutobiographyC. NovelD. Fiction7.The __________ (边界) is marked by a river.8.What do we call the frozen form of water?A. IceB. SteamC. LiquidD. Gas9.________ (植物适应性管理) is critical for success.10.What is the name of the famous artist known for his paintings of water lilies?A. Vincent van GoghB. Claude MonetC. Pablo PicassoD. Leonardo da VinciB11.The Earth's outer layer is called the ______.12.Plants are essential for __________ (生态平衡).13.The bus is _______ (来了).14. A _______ grows best in sunlight.15.The color of a star indicates its _______.16.What do you call a group of stars?A. GalaxyB. UniverseC. ConstellationD. NebulaC17.I see a _____ (tree/bush) in the yard.18.The bumblebee has round, fuzzy _______ (身体).19.What is 6 x 7?A. 42B. 36C. 30D. 48A20.The _____ (sage) plant is drought-resistant.21.What do we call the act of protecting something from harm?A. DefenseB. ProtectionC. SafeguardingD. All of the aboveD22.The dog is _____ (running/sitting) in the yard.23.What do you call the fifth planet from the sun?A. EarthB. MarsC. JupiterD. Saturn24.My best friend is also my ______ (同班同学). We study and play together every day.25.The squirrel's _______ (灵巧) allows it to climb trees.26.What do you call the time period when dinosaurs lived?A. CretaceousB. JurassicC. TriassicD. All of the above27.She has a ________ (cat) at home.28.Space missions have expanded our knowledge of the _______.29. A reaction that can create energy is called an ______ reaction.30.The ________ (dog) is barking loudly.31.The ________ can be a great companion.32.The coldest planet in our solar system is ______.33.What is the capital of South Sudan?A. JubaB. MalakalC. WauD. BorA34.What do you call the process of growing plants?A. GardeningB. FarmingC. PlantingD. Cultivation35.What is the name of the largest moon of Jupiter?A. TitanB. EuropaC. GanymedeD. Callisto36.The __________ (历史的图景) paints a broad picture.37.What is the opposite of 'big'?A. LargeB. SmallC. HugeD. TallB38.My brother has a passion for ____ (science).39.We have a _____ (展览) at the museum.40.We have to protect our __________ (环境).41.What do you call a story that is passed down through generations?A. FolktaleB. LegendC. MythD. FableA42.We are going to watch ________ (表演).43.The __________ can provide insights into the distribution of natural resources.44.Plants can be used for ______ (食品) and decoration.45.The main purpose of a catalyst is to speed up a _____.46. A ________ (植物生态学原理) supports conservation.47.Oxidation-reduction reactions involve the transfer of _____ between substances.48.I find math _______ (easy/hard).49.The fall of the Roman Empire happened in _____.50.We are going to ______ a concert this weekend. (attend)51.transportation infrastructure) supports economic growth. The ____52.My uncle is a __________ (商人).53.The ancient Romans celebrated festivals to honor their ________.54.The melting point of ice is _______ degrees Celsius.55.Which of these is a type of tree?A. FernB. RosebushC. OakD. GrassC56.My dad is very ________.57.What is the name of the famous American civil rights leader?A. Nelson MandelaB. Martin Luther King Jr.C. Malcolm XD. Rosa Parks58.The sun is _____ after the rain. (shining)59.I enjoy helping my ______ (朋友) with their homework. It feels good to support each other.60.What do you call a baby chicken?A. PigletB. CalfC. ChickD. LambC61.The __________ (历史的对照) highlights contrasts between eras.62.The ________ is soft and cuddly.63.What is the name of the famous singer known as the "King of Pop"?A. Elvis PresleyB. Michael JacksonC. PrinceD. Freddie MercuryB64.Frogs have ______ to catch insects.65.The chemical formula for vanillin is __________.66.The _____ (garden) brings joy and relaxation.67.What color is a school bus?A. BlueB. YellowC. GreenD. Red68.What is the name of the fairy tale with the big bad wolf?A. CinderellaB. Snow WhiteC. Little Red Riding HoodD. Beauty and the BeastC69. A solid has a ______ shape.70.The chemical formula for sodium selenite is _______.71.The process of breaking down rocks and minerals is called ______.72.How many legs does a cat have?A. TwoB. FourC. SixD. EightB73.Every evening, I help my parents ______ (做家务). It teaches me to be responsible and ______ (勤劳).74.The tortoise is much ______ (慢) than the rabbit.75. D.OrangeWhat is the opposite of hot?A. ColdB. WarmC. Cool76.The fish swims around the ______.77. A lizard can lose its ______ (尾巴) to escape.78.I see a _____ (cat/dog) in the yard.79.I have a ___ (test/quiz) tomorrow.80._____ (果树种植) requires specific knowledge.81.What is the color of a typical blueberry?A. BlueB. RedC. GreenD. Yellow82.The historian writes about important _____ (事件).83.在历史上，________ (documents) 记录了重要的事件与法律。
小学上册O卷英语第五单元测验卷
小学上册英语第五单元测验卷英语试题一、综合题(本题有100小题，每小题1分，共100分.每小题不选、错误，均不给分)1.The Pacific Ocean is to the ________ of the Americas.2.The ancient Egyptians used hieroglyphics as their form of ________.3.The children are _____ around the tree. (running)4.Where do penguins live?A. DesertB. JungleC. ArcticD. AntarcticaD Antarctica5.My dad loves to watch __________ on TV. (体育)6.What do we call the warm-blooded vertebrates that have feathers?A. MammalsB. FishC. BirdsD. ReptilesC7.What is the name of the animal known for its black and white stripes?A. ZebraB. HorseC. DonkeyD. TigerA8. A lion roars loudly in the _______.9.I _____ (play/learn) the guitar.10.Chemical reactions can be classified as reversible or ______.11.The hawk hunts with ______ (敏捷).12.The Mediterranean Sea is between Europe and _______.13.What do we call a large structure built to hold water?A. DamB. BridgeC. TunnelD. Wall14.Which planet is known as the "Giant Planet"?A. EarthB. SaturnC. JupiterD. UranusC15.I like _____ (reading/watching) TV.16.What do we drink in the morning?A. MilkB. WaterC. JuiceD. All of the above17.The _____ (生态) is balanced by plants and animals.18.The ice cream is _____ (melting/frozen).19.The __________ is a famous natural landmark in Arizona. (大峡谷)20.The sun shines bright in the ______ (白天).21.What is the name of the famous Egyptian queen known for her beauty?A. NefertitiB. CleopatraC. HatshepsutD. TutankhamunB Cleopatra22.Which season comes after winter?A. SpringB. SummerC. FallD. Rainy23.The _____ (海洋) is vast.24.The ancient Egyptians believed in _______ for protection in the afterlife. (护身符)25.What is the basic unit of life?A. AtomB. MoleculeC. CellD. Organ26.__________ (成分) of a mixture can vary in amount.27.I have a toy _____ that comes with accessories.28.What is the capital of Fiji?A. SuvaB. NadiC. LautokaD. Labasa29.What do we call the parts of a plant that attract insects?A. RootsB. StemsC. FlowersD. LeavesC30.My sister loves to watch ______ (鸟) at the park.31. A chemical that resists changes in pH is a ______.32.The bird is ___ in the cage. (singing)33.The country known for its ancient ruins is ________ (意大利).34.The tortoise is very _______ (耐心) and slow.35.What is the process of changing from a gas to a solid called?A. DepositionB. SublimationC. CondensationD. EvaporationA36.The puppy is _____ (sleeping/playing) outside.37.I think that resilience helps us overcome __________.38.What do we call a person who repairs vehicles?A. MechanicB. EngineerC. TechnicianD. ElectricianA39.The process of ______ can create sedimentary layers.40.The cake is on the ________.41.The soup is _____ (hot/cold) today.42.The car is ___ down the street. (driving)43.The sandwiches are ___ (fresh/old).44.The weather is very ___ (nice/stormy) today.45.How many weeks are in a year?A. 50B. 52C. 54D. 56B46.The _______ (小长颈鹿) reaches up for leaves in the trees.47.Which body part do you use to hear?A. EyesB. NoseC. EarsD. MouthC48.The capital of the Bahamas is __________.49.They are having a ________.50.The __________ (历史的演绎) reveals complexity.51.My favorite sport is ______ (basketball).52.The sky is _______ (晴朗的).53.The _____ (藤蔓) climbs the fence beautifully.54.The _____ (花园) is full of flowers.55.The country known for its cultural heritage is ________ (以文化遗产闻名的国家是________).56.The ________ (气候模式) changes with seasons.57.My friend likes to take ____ (photos) of nature.58.What is the name of the famous fairy tale character who lost her glass slipper?A. CinderellaB. BelleC. Snow WhiteD. Rapunzel59.My sister is a _____ (演员) who stars in plays.60.Which season comes after spring?A. WinterB. SummerC. FallD. Rainy61.What is the tallest mountain in the world?A. K2B. EverestC. KilimanjaroD. Fuji62.I want to ___ (visit/see) my friend.63. A tarantula can live in various ______ (栖息地).64. A goat can climb very _________ (高).65.What is 8 divided by 2?A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 566.My cat loves to play with _______ (毛线).67.What do we call a long, narrow strip of land connecting two larger landmasses?A. PeninsulaB. IsthmusC. DeltaD. ArchipelagoB68.The grasshopper jumps on the ______.69.The ____ has a colorful shell and is often seen in the garden.70.What is the name of the famous detective created by Arthur Conan Doyle?A. Hercule PoirotB. Sherlock HolmesC. Sam SpadeD. Miss MarpleB71.My sister is my best _______ because we share everything together.72.The __________ (淘金热) brought many people to California in the 1840s.73.The sun sets in the _______ (west).74.The chemical symbol for mercury is ______.75.What is the name of the famous American author known for "Moby Dick"?A. Mark TwainB. Herman MelvilleC. Nathaniel HawthorneD. Edgar Allan PoeB76.I enjoy building ______ (模型) of historic landmarks.77.I enjoy _______ (跑步) in the morning.78.The ______ is a skilled musician.79.The main purpose of chromatography is to separate ______.80.The __________ is a major river system in Africa. (刚果河)81._____ (温暖) weather helps many plants thrive.82.What is the capital of Iceland?A. AkureyriB. ReykjavikC. KeflavikD. Vik83. A flamingo stands on one leg to help ______ (保持平衡).84.My grandmother has a beautiful ________ garden.85.The _____ (teacher/student) is helpful.86.在历史上，________ (leaders) 的影响力决定了国家的走向。
美国国家概况考题
Unit1 The country（）1. The United States stretches from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east.（）2. The Mississippi river is the longest river in the United States.（）3. The Appalachian region is both complicated and varied, containing some of the highest mountains in North America, but also a vast expanse of intermontane basins, plateaus, and isolated ranges.（）4. Western Washington and Oregon receive plenty of rain and central California is noticeably drier in winter.( )5. New England is sometimes called the birthplace of America.( )6. Washington D. C. is located in the Southern States Region.( )7. Many Southerners have a strong sense of regional loyalty and take pride in the South’s history and tradition.( )8. The Midwestern States Region is a vast area of generally flat land that covers much of the center of the United States.( )9. Las Vegas and Reno stand out as “American dreamland”, for they primarily find wealth through the gambling and entertainment industries.( )10. Hawaii has the largest land area of all the states, and Alaska has one of the smallest land areas.1. The United States of America is the ____________ country in the world in size.A. LargestB. second-largestC. third-largestD. fourth-largest2. ____________ extend from the northern tip of Maine southwestern to Alabama.A. The Rocky MountainsB. The Appalachian HighlandsC. The Coast MountainsD. The Blue Mountains3. The climate of the United States is influenced by ____________.A. the Atlantic and Pacific OceansB. the Gulf of MexicoC. the Great LakesD. All of the above4. What is the leading commercial crop of the south?A. Cotton.B. Tobacco.C. Sugar cane.D. Rice.5. What Midwestern city is the automobile capital of the world?A. Chicago.B. Detroit.C. Milwaukee.D. Cleveland.6. One of the most important lakes in the United States is _________, which is the largest fresh water lake in the world.A. Lake SuperiorB. Lake MichiganC. Lake HuronD. Lake Ontario7. New England lies in __________ of the United States.A. the northern partB. the southern partC. the northeastern partD. the southeastern part8. The southern part of the Pacific coast in California has a ___________ climate.A. subtropicalB. continental desertC. maritimeD. Mediterranean9. The smallest state in the United States is ___________.A. WashingtonB. Rhode IslandC. HawaiiD. Maryland10. In the United States, the largest city along the Pacific coast is ___________.A. Los AngelesB. San FranciscoC. SeattleD. PortlandUnit2 History（)1. The first English colony in America was founded at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607.( )2. The early British settlers organized the east coast of North America into 17 colonies.( )3. When many thousands of Southerners saw the triumph of Abraham Lincoln in the 1860 election as not simply a political defeat but also a threat to all southern institutions and the southern way of life, they decided to secede from the Confederacy.（）4. The Progressive Movement was a well-organized, unified movement, demanding government regulation of economy and social condition.（)5. The Stock Market collapse occurred in 1928 in the United States.( )6. The Marshall Plan refers to the military and economic aid to Greece and Turkey in the 1950s.( )7. Nixon was the second President in American history who resigned.（)8. The black-white racial chasm in post-Civil-Rights-Movement America was highlighted by the savage beating of Martin Luther King by white police officers in 1992.1. The British established 13 colonies along _________.A. the west coast of North AmericaB. the west coast of South AmericaC. the east coast of North AmericaD. the east coast of South America2. In the early 1850s, with the westward movement, the slavery became a serious political issue endangering the unity of the country because _________.A. whether or not slavery would expand into the future states formed as a result of the westward movement would affect the balance of power in the SenateB. the South insisted that slavery should be allowed to spread into all new territoriesC. the North refused to let slavery spread into new territoriesD. the North wanted to put an end to slavery3. The Progressive Movement wanted to ________ in order to stop big business control.A. initiate strict government regulationB. have the government fix pricesC. break up all the big businessesD. do away with rebates4. The 1920s in the United States has been described as a period of ____________ .A. cultural revivalB. loss of purposeC. development in science and technologyD. material success and spiritual frustration5. The serious economic crisis in the late 1920s and 1930s was first brought about by _____________.A. bank failuresB. serious unemploymentC. farm foreclosuresD. the stock market crash6. The purpose of the New Deal measures was to __________.A. save American democracy and the capitalist systemB. check the worsening of the economic situationC. help people tide over the difficultyD. increase American export7. On June 5, 1947, ________ suggested that the U.S. should offer economic aid to Western Europe so as to protect the region from Soviet expansion.A. George MarshallB. Franklin D. RooseveltC. George KennanD. Harry Truman8. At the time of Cuban Missile Crisis, the President of the U.S. was ____________.A. TrumanB. EisenhowerC. KennedyD. Johnson9. New Frontier and Great Society were programs initiated by _______.A. President KennedyB. President JohnsonC. Presidents Kennedy and Johnson respectivelyD. Presidents Johnson and Kennedy respectively10. The conservatism during Reagan’s administration was known as _____________.A. the New LeftB. the New RightC. the New FrontierD. the New FreedomUnit3 The American identity（）1. In the United States, the major source of population growth is the rising birth rate.（）2. In the United States, the largest minority group is the African-American group.（）3. In the United States, the fastest-growing group is the Asian-American group.（）4. Native Americans have a low school dropout rate.（）5. The three major Hispanic groups are the Mexican-Americans, the Puerto Ricans and the Cuban-Americans.（）6. The Puerto Ricans are American citizens.（）7. The first Asians to arrive in the United States in significant numbers were the Japanese.（）8. Today the Indians are only allowed to live on reservations.（）9. Traditionally, the mainstream Americans were called WASP.1.The current situation of African-Americans presents_______.A. a favorable pictureB. a negative pictureC. a mixed pictureD. a positive picture2. Although discrimination has been legally abolished, ________.A. discrimination in employment still existsB. discrimination in university admission still existsC. poverty rate of the blacks is the highest among all racial and ethnic groupsD. inequality and subtle discrimination still exist3. The Cuban-Americans mainly live in ______.A. FloridaB. TexasC. LouisianaD. Alabama4. Some people say Asian-Americans owe their success to the Asian tradition of the following EXCEPT ________.A. familyB. hard workC. educationD. Discrimination5. Now about 80% to 90% of immigration to the UnitedStates is from _______.A. Asian and Hispanic countriesB. African countriesC. European countriesD. Central and South American countries6. The first immigrants in American history came from __________.A. England and the NetherlandsB. IrelandC. West GermanyD. East Europe7. Among the major Hispanic groups in the UnitedStates, the largest group is _______.A. the Puerto RicansB. the Mexican-AmericansC. the Cuban-AmericansD. the Central and South American immigrants8. Among the major Hispanic groups in the UnitedStates, ________ have the highest social status.A. the ChicanosB. the Cuban-AmericansC. the Puerto-RicansD. the Latin American immigrants9. The Native Americans are __________.A. the IndiansB. the whitesC. the blacksD. the HispanicsUnit4 political institutions（）1. The Constitution of the United States, after its adoption, has never been revised.（）2. According to the Constitution, the federal government is responsible for addressing questions that affect the nation as a whole as well as individual states.（）3. Separation of power is designed to prevent the government from being too strong.（）4. The U.S. government is divided into four branches: the legislative, the presidency, the bureaucracy and the judiciary.（）5. The Supreme Court has the right to declare laws and actions of the federal, state, and local governments unconstitutional.（）6. Candidates for the presidency can only be chosen from political parties.（）7. The U.S. President has great executive power but no legislative power.（）8. Congressmen serve a term of six years while Senators serve a term of two years.（）9. The Democrats are thought of as associated with business, Anglo-Americans, and the rich.（）10. The number of Senators from each state is based upon its population.1. The Supreme Court has original jurisdiction in ________.A. all kinds of casesB. cases involving foreign citizensC. cases involving a stateD. Both B and C2. Political parties are the basis of the American politicalsystem, _________.A. but there is no provision in the Constitution forpolitical partiesB. and the Constitution has clear provisionC. but the founding fathers had strong apprehensionof political partiesD. Both A and C3. The two major parties today have ______differences in policy concentration.A. noB. littleC. someD. Great4. The writers of the Constitution worked out the checks and balances in order to _______.A. prevent the government from misusing its powerB. prevent the government from being strongC. pacify those who opposed the ConstitutionD. meet the demands of small states5. The President of the United States is elected _____.A. indirectly by the electors B by CongressC. directly by the votersD. None of the above.6. U.S. President can serve ________ term(s).A. only oneB. twoC. more than twoD. as many as four7. The U.S. President’s appointments have to beapproved by ________.A. the House of RepresentativesB. the SenateC. the CabinetD. the Supreme Court8. The Supreme Court of the United States consists ofone Chief Justice and ______ Associate Justices.A. 6B. 7C. 8D. 109. The two major political parties in the United Statesare _______.A. the Democratic Party and the Labor PartyB. the Federalist Party and the Democratic PartyC. the Federalist Party and the Republican PartyD. the Democratic Party and the Republican Party10. The U.S. Congress has the power to override thepresident’s veto by a _____ majority.A. 2/3B. 3/4C. 3/5D. 4/5Unit5 Economy（）1. Since the U.S. economy is based on free enterprise, there is little government involvement in the economy.（）2. The United States is the world’s leading maker of industrial goods.（）3. In the 18th century, the New England colonies specialized in producing tobacco from plantations.（）4. While most Americans embraced the idea of money-making and held successful businessmen in great admiration, they resented big businesses monopolizing any industry in any form.（）5. By 1956, a majority of U.S. workers held blue-collar rather than white-collar jobs.（）6. Many urban Americans, particularly Blacks and Hispanics, found the postwar prosperity inaccessible to them.（）7. The American West is now an important region for corn and wheat.（）8. While manufacturing giants such as IBM and General Electronic enjoy worldwide reputation as the pillars of the American economy, the U.S. economy is by no means one dominated by giant corporations.（）9. As the number of workers employed in the traditional manufacturing industries has declined, union membership has dropped in recent years.1. The United States ranks ________ in the world in thetotal value of its economic production.A. firstB. secondC. thirdD. Fourth2. The following are the factors that have contributed tothe development of the U.S. economy EXCEPT__________.A. the vast space and resources of the landB. the ideals of freedom and economic opportunityC. English as its national languageD. hard work by the people3. What is America’s most important food crop?A. Corn.B. Rice.C. BarleyD. Oat.4. Service industries account for more than _________ of the U.S. gross domestic product.A. a thirdB. halfC. two thirdsD. three fourth5. The westward expansion is a demonstration ofAmerican ________.A. IndividualismB. patriotismC. LiberalismD. Expansionism6. Hamilton believed that the United States shouldpursue economic growth through the followingEXCEPT ________.A. shippingB. manufacturingC. bankingD. slavery7. With the arrival of the 20th century, the United Statesbecame increasingly urbanized, particularly in the_________ cities.A. NortheastB. NorthwestC. SoutheastD. Southwest8. The American South is a center of the followingtraditional crops EXCEPT _________.A. tobaccoB. cornC. cottonD. wheat9. As the world’s leading maker of industrial goods, theU.S. now produces around _________ of the world’sindustrial products.A. 20%B. 25%C. 30%D. 35%10. In the United States, the following areas tend tospecialize in high-tech and computer industriesEXCEPT ________.A. NortheastB. MidwestC. NorthwestD. SouthwestUnit6 social service（）1. In the United States, the social security system provides assistance to people with financial problems.（）2. In the United States, Medicare provides virtually free treatment for all American citizens.（）3. Social security is the nearly universal retirement program for Americans, with about 92 percent of people aged 60 and over receiving benefits.（）4. Since 1996, welfare responsibility under AFDC has been passed to the states, which receive federal grants to run their own programs.（）5. The Social Security Administration organizes the distribution of food and food stamps through state and local governments.（）6. Since government-sponsored welfare programs are essential to the needy and the poor, they are quite adequate in confronting the poverty issue.（）7. Child Welfare League of America is the largest privately-funded childcare agency in the United States, providing shelter and service to homeless and runaway youth.（）8. In the United States, most employees and their families are normally insured for health care through public insurance programs.（）9. Medicaid program provides federal grants to states for the free treatment of the elderly.（）10. In the United States, two-thirds of the housing units in the private sector are “single-family dwellings”.1. The American social security system includes thefollowing programs EXCEPT _________.A. OASDHIB. MedicareC. MedicaidD. Unemployment Compensation2. Americans may start receiving their pensions at the age of _________.A. 55B. 60C. 65D. 703. The main federal welfare programs in the USAconsist of the following programs EXCEPT_________.A. MedicaidB. AFDCC. Food StampsD. Medicare4. Which of the following belongs to the religious welfare organization?A. NCH.B. CWLA.C. CCHD. D. Ford Foundation.5. Among private foundations, which has becomeincreasingly prominent in private charity activity?A. Rockefeller Foundation.B. Ford Foundation.C. Buffett Foundation.D. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.6. Which of the following statement is NOT true aboutAmerican health care services?A. A sizable number of Americans still remain uninsured.B. The U.S. has top-quality medical facilities.C. Medicaid covers only about 40 percent of the poor nationwide.D. Compared with other developed countries, theUnited States spends less on health care.7. According to the healthcare reform proposed duringthe Obama administration, the government will requiremost Americans to have health insurance by _______.A. 2011B. 2012C. 2013D. 20148. Homes and houses give Americans the followingsense EXCEPT ________.A. possessionB. material satisfactionC. personal identificationD. freedomUnit7 the legal system（）1. The U.S. Constitution defines the organization of a court system, including a Supreme Court and inferior courts.（）2. In the United States, each state has one district court.（）3. District courts are the only national courts that use grand juries and petit juries.（）4. All national courts can review decisions of state courts.（）5. At the national level, government prosecution is the responsibility of the Supreme Court.（）6. The U.S. attorneys are appointed for life terms to the district courts.（）7. Anglo-American Common Law is based on the supposed reasonable person’s view of what is right and fair.（）8. In the United States, all cases should be tried with a jury.（）9. A unanimous decision is needed for a grand jury to make a decision.（）10. Federal crimes are mainly the responsibility of theFederal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).1. There are currently ________ district courts in the United States.A. 52B. 54C. 92D. 942. There are currently _______ courts of appeals in the United States.A. 10B. 11C. 12D. 133. __________ argues cases for the government before the Supreme Court.A. Chief Justice of Supreme CourtB. Attorney GeneralC. Solicitor GeneralD. President of the United States4. District judgeships are filled by the President with the consent of _________.A. Chief Justice of Supreme CourtB. Attorney GeneralC. the SenateD. the House of Representatives5. Generally, the trial jury consists of _______ ordinary citizens.A. 1－6B. 6－12C. 12－23D. 23－306. Generally, the grand jury consists of _______ ordinary citizens.A. 1－6B. 6－12C. 12－23D. 23－307. The Supreme Court consists of a chief justice and _______ associate justices.A. 7B. 8C. 9D. 108. In the United States, people between the ages of _______ are the most inclined age group to commit crimes.A. 11－19B. 19－24C. 24－45D. 45－549. In some urban areas in the United States, murder is the main cause of death among non-White males between the ages of ________.A. 11－19B. 19－24C. 24－45D. 45－5410. As a rule, the implementation of state law is carried out by the police and detectives in the city, and by _______ in rural areas.A. SheriffsB. ConstablesC. MagistratesD. both A and BUnit8 Education（）1. Americans generally hold that everyone is entitled to education.（）2. Americans believe that education is beneficial to individuals and society as a whole.（）3. In the United States, public education at elementary and secondary level is free.（）4. American education system is characterized by diversity.（）5. According to the U.S. Constitution, education is the responsibility of the federal government.（）6. There is little similarity in the education system of the 50 states.（）7. The state board of education is responsible for the education policy of the state.（）8. The oldest institution of higher learning in the United States is Harvard University.（）9. Junior colleges offer only B.A. degrees.（）10. The affirmative action program aims to help ethnic and racial minorities in elementary and secondary education.1. To many Americans, education is important because _____________.A. it contributes to the success of individualsB. it contributes to the strengthening of national strengthC. it prepares the young people for future developmentD. Both A and B2. In the United States, public schools at the elementary and secondary level are______________.A. freeB. compulsoryC. open to allD. Both A and C3. American schools fall into two categories, namely, _______________.A. public and private schoolsB. academic and vocational schoolsC. coeducation and single sex schoolsD. national and state-run schools4. In the United States, education policies are made by ______________.A. the federal governmentB. the state board of educationC. local school districtD. board of trustees5. The governing board of school district is responsible for _______________.A. the hiring of teachers and staffB. the designing of a suitable curriculumC. the compiling and approving of budgetD. All of the above6. There is _______________ difference(s) in tuition rates between public and private institutions of higher learning in the U.S.A. noB. significantC. SomeD. not much7. The community college _______________.A. offers bachelor degreesB. offers associate degreesC. offers master degreesD. Both A and B8. Elementary and secondary education in the U.S. covers _______ years.A. 9B. 11C. 12D. 149. Admission to an educational institution in the U. S. is determined by ______________.A. the institution itselfB. the state board of educationC. the local authorityD. the federal government10. The following are the public policies and legal decisions emphasizing special rights for ethnic and linguistic minorities in the area of education EXCEPT _______________.A. Bilingual Education ActB. Proposition 227C. affirmative action programD. No Child Left Behind ActUnit9 Religion in American life（）1. In comparison with other Western countries, America is less religious in terms of church attendance and financial commitment to church organizations.（）2. At the time when the United States was founded, it was the Catholic branch of the Christian faith that had the strongest influence on the development of the religious climate in the United States.（）3. The Pilgrims tried to create a community in which life would be guided by God’s will and deviations from His will in any shape or form would never be tolerated.（）4. America became “the Kingdom of God”by the end of the 17th century.（）5. In the 19th century, Americans stopped talking about the importance of religious values for their national identity.（）6. According to the U.S. Constitution, church and state are separate in their role and function.（）7. Historically, church and state in the United States has never interacted to each other.（）8. A growing trend in American religious life is that religion has become increasingly secularized.（）9. In the United States, mainstream Protestant denominations have lost ground to Catholic denominations.（）10. Post-war Evangelism has attempted to use its influence to restore some sense of community in a society.1. The Catholic faith was first brought to the North American continent by ______________.A. the PortugueseB. the EnglishC. the FrenchD. the Spanish2. The great waves of Jewish immigration started in ______________ and made the United States a major center of Judaism.A. 1836B. 1863C. 1936D. 19633. By the end of the 17th century, ______________ had already begun to lose its energies.A. ProtestantismB. CatholicismC. PuritanismD. Judaism4. The First Great Awakening of ______________ provided the opportunity for a fresh reaffirmation of God’s role in directing the fortunes of His chosen people.A. the 17th centuryB. the 18th centuryC. the 19th centuryD. the 20th century5. The Second Great Awakening of ______________ exerted a profound impact both on the scale of church membership and on the range of American sectarianism.A. the 17th centuryB. the 18th centuryC. the 19th centuryD. the 20th century6. The _______________ Amendment of Constitution states that “Congress shall make no law respecting the establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof.”A. FirstB. SecondC. TenthD. Twentieth7. Which of the following minority religions is deemed by the mainstream religion to advocate or practice kinds of beliefs against the public interest?A. Islam.B. Hinduism.C. Mormonism.D. Zenism.8. The following mainstream Protestant denominations have recently witnessed significant loss of members EXCEPT ________________.A. MethodistsB. EpiscopaliansC. PresbyteriansD. Evangelistsv9. Post-war Evangelicalism has made effective use of __________ to reach massive audiences.A. telephoneB. musicC. televisionD. Movies10. Which of the following contemporary religious groups is relying upon big rallies to draw Christian men together?A. “Saved”Christians.B. Fundamentalists.C. Promise Keepers.D. Seventh-Day Adventists.Unit10 Private life in American（）1. Most Americans have an ambition to own their own house on a little piece of property, but it’s difficult for them to have that ambition materialized.（０2. After the arrival of the so-called post-industrial society, Americans started to moveto the city.（）3. Most Americans live in mobile homes which function as prefabricated housing units in stationary settings.（）4. Many poor American families expect their children to find part-time jobs, especially as they enter their teens.（）5. Parties for children and for grown-ups are constantly occupying the leisure hours of Americans.（）6. In the United States, high-brow arts get most of the financial backing from the government.（）7. In the United States, popular culture outshines classical culture in audience size and in public influence.（）8. Today’s preeminent spectator game in America is baseball.（）9. American football was derived from the British game of soccer.（）10. Baseball is adapted by the Americans from the English cricket to their own tastes.1. For most Americans, one of the first activities at home is to _______________.A. watch TVB. do repair workC. surf on the InternetD. drink coffee2. The following are “chores”assigned to the children in American families EXCEPT ________________.A. washing and waxing floorsB. mowing the lawnC. keeping the car(s) cleanD. Babysitting3. The following are part-time jobs expected to be done by American children EXCEPT _________.A. mowing lawnsB. delivering newspapersC. taxi drivingD. Babysitting4. The following are the leisure activities outside the home for American adults EXCEPT ___________. A. playing bowling B. playing soccerC. attending public service activitiesD. attending church-related activities5. The following are the leisure activities outside the home for American children EXCEPT ________.A. taking lessonsB. traveling overseasC. horseback ridingD. Swimming6. One out of every ______ Americans donates some part of their time as volunteers.A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 67. The following belong to high-brow culture EXCEPT ___________.A. classical musicB. BalletC. operaD. Movies8. The following remain high on the domestic vocational destination list in the minds of most Americans EXCEPT ________________.A. Walt Disney WorldB. New YorkC. the Yellowstone National ParkD. the Grand Canyon9. The following are the “four major sports”in the United States EXCEPT _______________.A. basketballB. footballC. baseballD. V olleyball10. The Super Bowl is a game for _______________.A. basketballB. footballC. baseballD. volleyball。
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CDPA
Death Valley National Park + 1.2 million acres to Death Valley National Monument Joshua Tree National Park + 234,000 acres to Joshua Tree National Monument Mojave National Preserve 1,419,800 acres
Sec. 508
Regulations on mining
Emphasis on minimizing impact on preserve resources.
Sec. 510
Grazing
“The privilege of grazing domestic livestock on lands within the preserve shall continue to be exercised at no more than the current level…”
Federally listed as “threatened”
Mojave National Preserve
11 mountain ranges 4 dry lakes Cinder cones Badlands Washes Mesas Buttes Lava beds Caves Dunes Alluvial fans
California Desert
Wilderness National Park systems Federal lands State parks
California Desert History
1976
Congress designates 25 million acres as the California Desert Conservation Area.
Mojave National Preserve
Located in Southern California, it is a combination of the Great Basin, Sonoran, and Mojave Desert ecosystems. Of the 1.4 million acre reserve…
CDPA
Section II
“Appropriate public lands in the California desert shall be included within the National Park System and the National Wilderness Preservation system, in order to…”
CDPA Title V Mojave National Preserve
Sec. 501
Emphasizes natural, cultural, historical, recreational, and scientific resources and values.
Sec.ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้506
Permits “hunting, fishing, and trapping on lands and waters within the preserve.”
(b) PURPOSE.-In furtherance of the need to recognize the value and importance of jazz, it is the purpose of this title to establish a New Orleans Jazz National Historical Park to preserve the origins, early history, development and progression of jazz; provide visitors with opportunities to experience the sights, sounds, and places where jazz evolved; and implement innovative ways of establishing jazz educational partnerships that will help to ensure that jazz continues as a vital element of the culture of New Orleans and our Nation.
THE CALIFORNIA DESERT PROTECTION ACT & THE MOJAVE NATIONAL PRESERVE
Annie Mancini
California Desert
25,000,000 acres Over 100,000 archaeological sites 90 mountain ranges More than 760 different wildlife species
CDPA
The CDPA “transferred over 3 million acres of the California Desert from BLM to NPS and designated nearly 8 million acres of wilderness on NPS and BLM lands…” “CDPA created the Mojave National Preserve and redesignated Death Valley and the Joshua Tree National Monuments as national parks.”
695,200 acres make up the Mojave Wilderness
Designated by the Wilderness Act Part of the National Wilderness Preservation System
Roughly half is designated as critical habitat for the desert tortoise
And the most important part of the CDPA is…
TITLE XII--NEW ORLEANS JAZZ NATIONAL HISTORICAL PARK
SEC. 1201. SHORT TITLE. This title may be cited as the "New Orleans Jazz National Historical Park Act of 1994". SEC. 1202. FINDINGS AND PURPOSE. (a) FINDINGS.-The Congress finds that: * (1) Jazz is the United States' most widely recognized indigenous music and art form. Congress previously recognized jazz in 1987 through Senate Concurrent Resolution 57 as a rare and valuable national treasure of international importance. * (2) The city of New Orleans is widely recognized as the birthplace of jazz. In and around this city, cultural and musical elements blended to form the unique American music that is known as New Orleans jazz, which is an expression of the cultural diversity of the lower Mississippi Delta Region. * (3) Jean Lafitte National Historical Park and Preserve was established to commemorate the cultural diversity of the lower Mississippi Delta Region including a range of cultural expressions like jazz.
interpretive, educational, and scientific programs
within the preserve.”
Soda Springs Desert Study Center
Sec. 514
The Soda Springs Desert Study Center is a field station of California State University
California Desert History
1992
Dianne Feinstein and Barbara Boxer (D-CA) (Delected Feinstein and Boxer reintroduce bill to 103rd Congress
1994
CDPA is passed October 31, 1994 69-29 vote 69-
California Desert Protection Act
* * * * * * * * * * * * Title I--Designation of BLM administered wilderness Title II--Designation of FWS administered wilderness Title III--Death Valley National Park Title IV--Joshua Tree National Park Title V--Mojave National Preserve Title VI--National Park System Wilderness Title VII--Miscellaneous Provisions Title VIII--Military Lands and Overflights Title XI--Authorization of Appropriations Title X--Protection of Bodie Bowl Title XI--Lower Mississippi Delta Region Intiatives Title XII--New Orleans Jazz National Historic Park