2011年中考英语复习课件专题14 阅读理解

解析：这是一篇美国著名作家 Doctor Seuss 的故事，详细介绍了他的生平事迹，他针对 当时美国孩子们没有有趣的读物的情况， 写作了有趣易懂的文章， 从而不仅赢得了美国孩子 还有美国民众的口味，并于 1984 年赢得了普利策奖，从而改变了美国孩子的阅读方式。 (1)A 细节理解题。 从文章第二段开头的“In 1954, life magazine published(刊登) a report about school children who could not read. The report said many children's books were not interesting.”可以看出孩子们不能阅读是因为很多书没有趣，所以选择答案 A，而不是 B。 (2)C 细节理解题。由第二段第三句“Doctor Seuss strongly hoped to help children and decided to write books that were interesting and easy to read.”可知他的书深受喜爱是因为他的 书有趣且易读。所以选择答案 C。 (3)B 计算推理题。 文章开头“Doctor Seuss was born in 1904.”他出生于 1904 年，第三段 开头“In 1957, Dr. Seuss wrote The Cat in the Hat.”他于 1957 年写出这本书，计算出是在 53 岁 时写的，所以选择答案 B。
A．50
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B．53
C．56
D．87
(4)Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Doctor Seuss wrote Green Eggs and Ham with over 230 words. B．Doctor Seuss wrote books only for children in the United States. C．The Cat in the Hat was written only for six-year-old children. D．His books provided education and enjoyment for Americans. (5)From the text we know that Doctor Seuss _________. A．won a Pulitzer Prize soon after his death B．sold millions of his books himself worldwide C．changed American children's way of reading D．wrote the largest number of books in the world
知识网络
选择型阅读 阅读理解判断正误型阅读 回答问题型阅读
阅读理解主要包括以下几种主要类型的文章 1．人物故事 阅读故事类的材料，应该抓住人物线索、地点线索、时间线索和情节发展线索。特别注 意的是，以上线索往往是并存的。因为情节的发展总是涉及到人物的变化、时间的推移、场 景的变换等。 命题人往往会围绕这些内容设计一些事实类的理解题。 事实类的理解题都可以 从阅读材料的表层文字中找到答案。在阅读故事类短文时，应理解文章的深层含义，也就是 它的主题。 2．科普知识 这里所指的科普类是广义的。它包含有介绍科学知识、社会知识的短文。阅读这类短文 时，要以事实为中心进行思考，抓住事物的特征、用途、相互关系等。 3．新闻报道 报刊阅读应逐步成为中学生阅读的一个重要内容。 由于新闻报道强调遵循 5 个 W(what， who，why，when，where)和 1 个 H(how)，所以，我们在阅读时也要抓住这一点去理解。
In 1957, Dr. Seuss wrote The Cat in the Hat. He used less than 230 words to write the book and even a six-year-old should be able to read it. It was a fun story and easy to read. Children loved it. Their parents loved it, too. Today it is still one of the stories they like best. The success of The Cat in the Hat made him want to write more books for children. In 1960, he wrote a book using less than fifty words. The book is called Green Eggs and Ham. In 1984, Doctor Seuss won a Pulitzer Prize (普利策奖). He was honored for the education and enjoyment his books provided American children and their parents. He died at the age of 87, but his influence remains. Millions of his books have been sold worldwide. People say his books helped change the way American children learned to read. Yet, his books are loved by people of all ages. Doctor Seuss once said，“I do not write for children. I write for people.”
(1)Doctor Seuss learned from the magazine that _________. A．some school children could not read B．many children's books were interesting C．children wanted to learn to read D．a writer for children was wanted (2)People like his books because the books ________. A．are cheap and easy to get B．were written in different languages C．are easy and interesting to read D．were written with invented words (3)He wrote the book The Cat in the Hat at the age of ________.
4．图文广告、应用文体 这类短文是通过看图或表格等来了解某方面的情况。 指导学生阅读这类材料时， 主要从 两方面入手：一是了解图表的主题，确定图表的主要内容；二是推敲图画语言或数字，找出 它们之间的关联或试图表达的含义。 5．文化教育 6．社会生活
考 点一
选择型阅读
做题时一定要采用多种方法来进行选择。 首先要读准题干要求， 然后抓住文章重点句式 和段落，排除干扰选项，确定准确答案。 1．抓住中心句。 阅读文章时要特别注意每段的第一句和最后一句话， 因为它们往往是这一段文章的主要 内容、中心思想和关键所在，抓住这些便能准确、快速地解题。 2．体味关键词。 阅读理解文章中允许出现 3%的生词，细品文章时，对于在文章中所遇到的一些生词应 区别对待：与文章内容或要解决的问题有关的生词要结合上下文语境，通过构词法、对比、 因果等关系推测，理解其词义；与文章内容或要解决的问题没有太大关系，又较难、较偏、 较专业的词汇，可以将其忽略，以免浪费时间。
(4)D 细节理解题。第四段第二句“He was honored for the education and enjoyment his books provided Ameri-can children and their parents.”可得答案 D 是正确的。第三段末尾“In 1960, he wrote a book using less than fifty words. The book is called Green Eggs and Ham.”可知 答案 A 错误；末尾段的倒数第二句“Yet, his books are loved by people of all ages.”可知答案 B 错误；第三段第二句“even a six-year-old should be able to read it.”可知并非只为 6 岁孩子， 而是连 6 岁孩子都能读懂，所以 C 也错误。 (5)C 推测理解题。根据文章最后一段，他死于 87 岁，而他获奖是在 1984 年他 80 岁 时，所以答案 A 错了；是他的很多书在世界广泛销售，并非自己卖，所以 B 也错了；文章 没说到他的书世界最多，所以 D 也错了，而把握全文，其主旨大意就是 Doctor Seuss 改变了 美国孩子的阅读方式。所以选择答案 C。
Doctor Seuss was born in 1904. By the middle 1950s, he had become one of the best-loved and most successful children's book writers in the world. His books are very popular with young readers. They enjoy the invented words and the pictures of unusual funny animals and plants. In 1954, life magazine published(刊登) a report about school children who could not read. The report said many children's books were not interesting. Doctor Seuss strongly hoped to help children and decided to write books that were interesting and easy to read. He used words with the same ending sound, like fish and wish. He did not receive training in art. Yet, he drew the pictures for most of his books.
专题 14
阅读理解
阅读理解题是各地中考的必考题型， 是中考试卷中分值最大的一类题， 并且分值仍有不 断提高的趋势。 试题中所选的阅读文章题材广泛，涉及政治经济、社会文化、风俗习惯、历史地理、科 学技术等各个方面。体裁多样，包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文以及新闻报道、广告、 通知、操作说明、表格等各种文体。 阅读理解的主要题型有： 选择型阅读理解、 判断正误型阅读理解及回答问题型阅读理解。 中考阅读理解考查的主要内容是： 1．考查把握文章的事实和细节的能力。 2．考查依据短文内容和考生应有的常识进行推理和判断的能力。 3．考查根据上下文猜测生词含义的能力。 4．考查归纳所读材料的主旨和大意的能力。 5．考查推断作者意图和态度的能力 。