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2010专八真题及答案.doc

2010专八真题及答案.doc

2010 专八真题及答案【篇一：2010 英语专八真题及答案(word 完整版)】>test for english majors (2010)-grade eight- part isection a listening comprehension (35 min) mini-lecturein this section you will hear a mini-lecture. you will hear thelecture once only. while listening, take notes on the importantpoints. your notes will not be marked, but you will need themto complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. when thelecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check yournotes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling taskon answer sheet one. use the blank sheet for note-taking.complete the gap-filling task. some of the gaps below mayrequire a maximum of three words. make sure the word(s) youfill in is (are) both grammatically semantically acceptable. youmay refer to your notes.paralinguistic features of languagein face-to-face communication speakers often alter theirtomes of voice or change their physical postures in order toconvey messages. these means are called paralinguisticfeatures of language, which fall into two categories. firstcategory: vocal paralinguistic featuresa. (1)__________: to express attitude or intention(1)__________b. examples1. whispering:need for secrecy2.breathiness:deep emotion3. (2)_________: unimportance (2)__________4. nasality:anxiety5. extra lip-rounding: greater intimacysecond category: physical paralinguistic featuresa. facial expressions1. (3)_______ (3)__________----- smiling: signal of pleasure or welcome2. less common expressions----- eye brow raising: surprise or interest----- lip biting: (4)________ (4)_________b. gesturegestures are related to culture. 1. britishculture----- shrugging shoulders: (5) ________(5)__________----- scratching head: puzzlement2. other cultures----- placing hand upon heart:(6)_______ (6)__________----- pointing at nose: secretc. proximity, posture and echoing1. proximity: physical distance between speakers----- closeness: intimacy or threat----- (7)_______: formality or absence of interest(7)_________ proximity is person-, culture- and (8)________ -specific. (8)_________2. posture----- hunched shoulders or a hanging head: to indicate(9)_____ (9)________----- direct level eye contact: to express an open or challenging attitude3. echoing----- definition: imitation of similar posture----- (10)______: aid in communication (10)___________----- conscious imitation: mockery section b interviewin this section you will hear everything once only. listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. mark the correct answer to each question on answer sheet two.questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. at the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.now listen to the interview.1. according to dr johnson, diversity meansa. merging of different cultural identities.b. more emphasis on homogeneity.c. embracing of more ethnic differences.d. acceptance of more branches of christianity.2. according to the interview, which of the following statements in correct?a. some places are more diverse than others.b. towns are less diverse than large cities.c. diversity can be seen everywhere.d. american is a truly diverse country.3. according to dr johnson, which place will witness a radicalchange in its racial makeup by 2025?a. maineb. selinsgrovec.philadelphia d.california4. during the interview dr johnson indicates thata. greater racial diversity exists among younger populations.b. both older and younger populations are racially diverse.c. age diversity could lead to pension problems.d. older populations are more racially diverse.5. according to the interview, religious diversitya. was most evident between 1990 and 2000.b. exists among muslim immigrants.c. is restricted to certain places in the us.d. is spreading to more parts of the country.section c news broadcastin this section you will hear everything once only. listencarefully and then answer the questions that follow. mark thecorrect answer to each question on your coloured answersheet.question 6 is based on the following news. at the end of thenews item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer thequestion.now listen to the news.6. what is the main idea of the news item?a. sony developed a computer chip for cell phones.b. japan will market its wallet phone abroad.c. the wallet phone is one of the wireless innovations.d. reader devices are available at stores and stations.question 7 and 8 is based on the following news. at the end ofthe news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer thequestions.now listen to the news.7. which of the following is mentioned as the government ’s measure to control inflation?a. foreign investment.b. donorsupport.c. price control.d. bank prediction.8. according to kingdom bank, what is the current inflationrate in zimbabwe?a. 20 million percent.b. 2.2 million percent.c. 11.2million percent.d. over 11.2 million percent.question 9 and 10 are based on the following news. at the endof the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer thequestion.now listen to the news.9. which of the following is correct? a. a big fireerupted on the nile river.b. helicopters were used to evacuate people.c. five people were taken to hospital for burns.d. a big fire took place on two floors. 10. the likely cause of the bigfire isa. electrical short-cut.b. lack of fire-satefy measures.c. terrorism.d.not known.part ii reading comprehension (30 min)in this section there are four reading passages followed by atotal of 20 multiple-choice questions. read the passages andthen mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet.text astill, the image of any city has a half-life of many years. (sodoes its name, officially changed in 2001 from calcutta tokolkata, which is closer to what the word sounds like in bengali. conversing in english, i never heard anyone call thecity anything but calcutta.) to westerners, the conveyancemost identified with kolkata is not its modern subway — afacility whose spacious stations have art on the walls andcricket matches on television monitors —but the hand-pulled rickshaw. stories and films celebrate a primitive-looking cartwith high wooden wheels, pulled by someone who looks closeto needing the succor of mother teresa. for years the government has been talking about eliminating hand-pulledrickshaws on what it calls humanitarian grounds —principallyon the ground that, as the mayor of kolkata has often said, it isoffensive to see “one man sweating and straining to pullanother man. ”but these days politicians also lament theimpact of 6,000 hand- pulled rickshaws on a modern city ’straffic and, particularly, on its image. “w s e t r s y t e t o r n e rassociate beggars and these rickshaws with the calcuttalandscape, but this is not what calcutta stands for, ”the chiefminister of west bengal, buddhadeb bhattacharjee, said in apress conference in 2006. “our city stands for prosperity anddevel opment. ”the chief minister t h—eequivalent of a state governor —went on to announce thathand-pulled rickshaws soon would be banned from the streetsof kolkata.from june to september kolkata can get torrential rains, and itsdrainage system doesn ’t need o t rrential rain to begin backingup. residents who favor a touch of hyperbole say that inkolkata “if a stray cat pees, there ’s a flood. ”during my stay itonce rained for about 48 hours. entire neighborhoods couldn ’tbe reached by motorized vehicles, and the newspapers showed pictures of rickshaws being pulled through water that was up to the pullers ’waists. when it ’s raining, the normalcustomer base for rickshaw pullers expands greatly, as doesthe price of a journey. a writer in kolkata told me, t “when irains, even the governor takes rickshaws. ”while i was in kolkata, a magazine called india today publishedits annual ranking of indian states, according to suchmeasurements as prosperity and infrastructure. among india ’s20 largest states, bihar finished dead last, as it has for four ofthe past five years. bihar, a couple hundred miles north ofkolkata, is where the vast majority of rickshaw pullers comefrom. once in kolkata, they sleep on the street or in theirrickshaws or in a dera —a combination garage and repair shop and dormitory managed bysomeone called a sardar. for sleeping privileges in a dera, pullers pay 100 rupees (about$2.50) a month, which sounds like a pretty good deal untilyou’ve visited a dera. they gross between 100 and 150 rupees aday, out of which they have to pay 20 rupees for the use of therickshaw and an occasional 75 or more for a payoff if a policeman stops them for, say, crossing astreet where rickshaws are prohibited. a 2003 study found that rickshawpullers are near the bottom of kolkata occupations in income,doing better than only the ragpickers and the beggars. forsomeone without land or education, that still beats trying tomake a living in bihar.there are people in kolkata, particularly educated and politically aware people, who will not ride in a rickshaw, because they are offended by the idea of being pulled by another human being or because they consider it not the sortof thing people of their station do or because they regard thehand-pulled rickshaw as a relic of colonialism. ironically, someof those people are not enthusiastic about banning rickshaws.the editor of the editorial pages of kolkata ’s telegraph—rudrangshu mukherjee, a former academic who still writeshistory books —told me, for instance, that he sees humanitarian considerations as coming down on the side ofkeeping hand- pulled rickshaws on the road. “i refuse to be carried by another human being myself, ”he said, “but i question whether we have the right to take away theirlivelihood. ”rickshawsupporters point out that when it comesto demeaning occupations, rickshaw pullers are hardly uniquein kolkata.when i asked one rickshaw puller if he thought thegovernment ’s plan to rid the city of rickshaws was based on agenuine interest in his welfare, he smiled, with a quick shakeof his head —a gesture i interpreted to mean, “if【篇二：2010 年英语专八真题及其答案】s (2010) -grade eight- listening comprehension (35 min)section a mini-lecturein this section you will hear a mini-lecture. you will hear thelecture once only. while listening, take notes on the importantpoints. your notes will not be marked, but you will need themto complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. when thelecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check yournotes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling taskon answer sheet one. use the blank sheet for note-taking.complete the gap-filling task. some of the gaps below mayrequire a maximum of three words. make sure the word(s) youfill in is (are) both grammatically semantically acceptable. youmay refer to your notes.。

2010英语专八真题答案

2010英语专八真题答案

Freshmen's WeekBritain has a well-respected higher education system and some of the top univers ities and research institutions in the world. But to those who are new to this system, it can sometimes be confusing.October is usually the busiest month in the academic calendar. Universities have something called Freshmen's Week for their newcomers. It's a great opportunity to ma ke new friends, join lots of clubs and settle into university life.However, having just left the comfort of home and all your friends behind, the pr ospect of meeting strangers in classrooms and dormitories can be worrying.Where do you start? And who should you make friends with? Which clubs and society should you join?Luckily, there will be thousands of others in the same boat as you. They worry a bout starting their university social life on the right foot. So just take it all in slowly. Don't rush into anything that you'll regret for the next three years.专四听写评分原则：1. 听写共分15小节;每节1分。

2010_TEM8真题(附答案)

2010_TEM8真题(附答案)

TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2010)-GRADE EIGHT-PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN) SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.1. According to Dr Johnson, diversity meansA. merging of different cultural identities.B. more emphasis on homogeneity.C. embracing of more ethnic differences.D. acceptance of more branches of Christianity.2. According to the interview, which of the following statements in CORRECT?A. Some places are more diverse than others.B. Towns are less diverse than large cities.C. Diversity can be seen everywhere.D. American is a truly diverse country.3. According to Dr Johnson, which place will witness a radical change in its racialmakeup by 2025?A. MaineB. SelinsgroveC. PhiladelphiaD. California4. During the interview Dr Johnson indicates thatA. greater racial diversity exists among younger populations.B. both older and younger populations are racially diverse.C. age diversity could lead to pension problems.D. older populations are more racially diverse.5. According to the interview, religious diversityA. was most evident between 1990 and 2000.B. exists among Muslim immigrants.C. is restricted to certain places in the US.D. is spreading to more parts of the country.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Question 6 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.6. What is the main idea of the news item?A. Sony developed a computer chip for cell phones.B. Japan will market its wallet phone abroad.C. The wallet phone is one of the wireless innovations.D. Reader devices are available at stores and stations.Question 7 and 8 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.7. Which of the following is mentioned as the government’s measure to controlinflation?A. Foreign investment.B. Donor support.C. Price control.D. Bank prediction.8. According to Kingdom Bank, what is the current inflation rate in Zimbabwe?A. 20 million percent.B. 2.2 million percent.C. 11.2 million percent.D. Over 11.2 million percent.Question 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.9. Which of the following is CORRECT?A. A big fire erupted on the Nile River.B. Helicopters were used to evacuate people.C. Five people were taken to hospital for burns.D. A big fire took place on two floors.10. The likely cause of the big fire isA. electrical short-cut.B. lack of fire-satefy measures.C. terrorism.D. not known.PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet.TEXT AStill, the image of any city has a half-life of many years. (So does its name, officially changed in 2001 from Calcutta to Kolkata, which is closer to what the word sounds like in Bengali. Conversing in English, I never heard anyone call the city anything but Calcutta.) To Westerners, the conveyance most identified with Kolkata is not its modern subway—a facility whose spacious stations have art on the walls and cricket matches on television monitors—but the hand-pulled rickshaw. Stories and films celebrate a primitive-looking cart with high wooden wheels, pulled by someone who looks close to needing the succor of Mother Teresa. For years the government has been talking about eliminating hand-pulled rickshaws on what it calls humanitarian grounds—principally on the ground that, as the mayor of Kolkata has often said, it is offensive to see “one man sweating and straining to pull another man.” But these days politicians also lament the impact of 6,000 hand-pulled rickshaws on a modern city’s traffic and, particularly, on its image. “Westerners try to associate beggars and these rickshaws with the Calcutta landscape, but this is not what Calcutta stands for,” the chief minister of West Bengal, Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, said in a press conference in 2006. “Our city stands for prosperity and development.” The chief minister—the equivalent of a state governor—went on to announce that hand-pulled rickshaws soon would be banned from the streets of Kolkata.Rickshaws are not there to haul around tourists. (Actually, I saw almost no tourists in Kolkata, apart from the young backpackers on Sudder Street, in what used to be a red-light district and is now said to be the single place in the city where the services a rickshaw puller offers may include providing female company to a gentleman for the evening.) It’s the people in the lanes who most regularly use rickshaws—not the poor but people who are just a notch above the poor. They are people who tend to travel short distances, through lanes that are sometimesinaccessible to even the most daring taxi driver. An older woman with marketing to do, for instance, can arrive in a rickshaw, have the rickshaw puller wait until she comes back from various stalls to load her purchases, and then be taken home. People in the lanes use rickshaws as a 24-hour ambulance service. Proprietors of cafés or corner stores send rickshaws to collect their supplies. (One morning I saw a rickshaw puller take on a load of live chickens—tied in pairs by the feet so they could be draped over the shafts and the folded back canopy and even the axle. By the time he trotted off, he was carrying about a hundred upside-down chickens.) The rickshaw pullers told me their steadiest customers are schoolchildren. Middle-class families contract with a puller to take a child to school and pick him up; the puller essentially becomes a family retainer.From June to September Kolkata can get torrential rains, and its drainage system doesn’t need torrential rain to begin backing up. Residents who favor a touc h of hyperbole say that in Kolkata “if a stray cat pees, there’s a flood.” During my stay it once rained for about 48 hours. Entire neighborhoods couldn’t be reached by motorized vehicles, and the newspapers showed pictures of rickshaws being pulled throug h water that was up to the pullers’ waists. When it’s raining, the normal customer base for rickshaw pullers expands greatly, as does the price of a journey. A writer in Kolkata told me, “When it rains, even the governor takes rickshaws.”While I was in Kolkata, a magazine called India Today published its annual ranking of Indian states, according to such measurements as prosperity and infrastructure. Among India’s 20 largest states, Bihar finished dead last, as it has for four of the past five years. Bihar, a couple hundred miles north of Kolkata, is where the vast majority of rickshaw pullers come from. Once in Kolkata, they sleep on the street or in their rickshaws or in a dera—a combination garage and repair shop and dormitory managed by someone called a sardar. For sleeping privileges in a dera, pullers pay 100 rupees (about $2.50) a month, which sounds like a pretty good deal until you’ve visited a dera. They gross between 100 and 150 rupees a day, out of which they have to pay 20 rupees for the use of the rickshaw and an occasional 75 or more for a payoff if a policeman stops them for, say, crossing a street where rickshaws are prohibited. A 2003 study found that rickshaw pullers are near the bottom of Kolkata occupations in income, doing better than only the ragpickers and the beggars. For someone without land or education, that still beats trying to make a living in Bihar.There are people in Kolkata, particularly educated and politically aware people, who will not ride in a rickshaw, because they are offended by the idea of being pulled by another human being or because they consider it not the sort of thing people of their station do or because they regard the hand-pulled rickshaw as a relic of colonialism. Ironically, some of those people are not enthusiastic about banning rickshaws. The editor of the editorial pages of Kolkata’s Telegraph—Rudrangshu Mukherjee, a former academic who still writes history books—told me, for instance, that he sees humanitarian considerations as coming down on the side of keeping hand-pulled rickshaws on the road. “I refuse to be carried by another human being myself,” he said, “but I question whether we have the right to take away their livelihood.” Rickshaw supporters point out that when it comes to demeaning occupations, rickshaw pullers are hardly unique in Kolkata.When I asked one rickshaw puller if he thought the government’s plan to rid the city of rickshaws was based on a genuine interest in his welfare, he smiled, with aquick shake of his head—a gesture I interpr eted to mean, “If you are so naive as to ask such a question, I will answer it, but it is not worth wasting words on.” Some rickshaw pullers I met were resigned to the imminent end of their livelihood and pin their hopes on being offered something in its p lace. As migrant workers, they don’t have the political clout enjoyed by, say, Kolkata’s sidewalk hawkers, who, after supposedly being scaled back at the beginning of the modernization drive, still clog the sidewalks, selling absolutely everything—or, as I found during the 48 hours of rain, absolutely everything but umbrellas. “The government was the government of the poor people,” one sardar told me. “Now they shake hands with the capitalists and try to get rid of poor people.”But others in Kolkata believe that rickshaws will simply be confined more strictly to certain neighborhoods, out of the view of World Bank traffic consultants and California investment delegations—or that they will be allowed to die out naturally as they’re supplanted by more modern conveyances. Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, after all, is not the first high West Bengal official to say that rickshaws would be off the streets of Kolkata in a matter of months. Similar statements have been made as far back as 1976. The ban decreed by Bhattacharjee has been delayed by a court case and by a widely held belief that some retraining or social security settlement ought to be offered to rickshaw drivers. It may also have been delayed by a quiet reluctance to give up something that has been part of the fabric of the city for more than a century. Kolkata, a resident told me, “has difficulty letting go.” One day a city official handed me a report from the municipal government laying out options for how rickshaw pullers might be rehabilitated.“Which optio n has been chosen?” I asked, noting that the report was dated almost exactly a year before my visit.“That hasn’t been decided,” he said.“When will it be decided?”“That hasn’t been decided,” he said.11. According to the passage, rickshaws are used in Kolkata mainly for the followingEXCEPTA. taking foreign tourists around the city.B. providing transport to school children.C. carrying store supplies and purchasesD. carrying people over short distances.12. Which of the following statements best describes the rickshaw pullers fromBihar?A. They come from a relatively poor area.B. They are provided with decent accommodation.C. Their living standards are very low in Kolkata.D. They are often caught by policemen in the streets.13. That “For someone without land or education, that still beats trying to make aliving in Bihar” (4 paragraph) means that even so,A. the poor prefer to work and live in Bihar.B. the poor from Bihar fare better than back home.C. the poor never try to make a living in Bihar.D. the poor never seem to resent their life in Kolkata.14. We can infer from the passage that some educated and politically aware peopleA. hold mixed feelings towards rickshaws.B. strongly support the ban on rickshaws.C. call for humanitarian actions fro rickshaw pullers.D. keep quiet on the issue of banning rickshaws.15. Which of the following statements conveys the author’s sense of humor?A. “…not the poor but people who are just a notch above the poor.”(2paragraph)B. “…,.which sounds like a pretty good deal until you’ve visited a dera.”(4paragraph)C. Kolkata, a resident told me, “ has difficulty letting go.” (7 paragraph).D.“…or, as I found during the 48 hours of rain, absolutely everything butumbrellas.” (6 paragraph)16. The dialogue between the author and the city official at the end of the passageseems to suggestA. the uncertainty of the court’s decision.B. the inefficiency of the municipal government.C. the difficulty of finding a good solution.D. the slowness in processing options.TEXT BDepending on whom you believe, the average American will, over a lifetime, wait in lines for two years (says National Public Radio) or five years (according to customer-loyalty experts).The crucial word is average, as wealthy Americans routinely avoid lines altogether. Once the most democratic of institutions, lines are rapidly becoming the exclusive province of suckers(people who still believe in and practice waiting in lines). Poor suckers, mostly.Airports resemble France before the Revolution: first-class passengers enjoy "élite" security lines and priority boarding, and disembark before the unwashed in coach, held at bay by a flight attendant, are allowed to foul the Jetway.At amusement parks, too, you can now buy your way out of line. This summer I haplessly watched kids use a $52 Gold Flash Pass to jump the lines at Six Flags New England, and similar systems are in use in most major American theme parks, from Universal Orlando to Walt Disney World, where the haves get to watch the have-mores breeze past on their way to their seats.Flash Pass teaches children a valuable lesson in real-world economics: that the rich are more important than you, especially when it comes to waiting. An NBA player once said to me, with a bemused chuckle of disbelief, that when playing inCanada--get this--"we have to wait in the same customs line as everybody else."Almost every line can be breached for a price. In several U.S. cities this summer, early arrivers among the early adopters waiting to buy iPhones offered to sell their spots in the lines. On Craigslist, prospective iPhone purchasers offered to pay "waiters" or "placeholders" to wait in line for them outside Apple stores.Inevitably, some semi-populist politicians have seen the value of sort-of waiting in lines with the ordinary people. This summer Philadelphia mayor John Street waited outside an AT&T store from 3:30 a.m. to 11:30 a.m. before a stand-in from his office literally stood in for the mayor while he conducted official business. And billionaire New York mayor Michael Bloomberg often waits for the subway with his fellow citizens, though he's first driven by motorcade past the stop nearest his house to a station 22 blocks away, where the wait, or at least the ride, is shorter.As early as elementary school, we're told that jumping the line is an unethical act, which is why so many U.S. lawmakers have framed the immigration debate as a kind of fundamental sin of the school lunch line. Alabama Senator Richard Shelby, to cite just one legislator, said amnesty would allow illegal immigrants "to cut in line ahead of millions of people."Nothing annoys a national lawmaker more than a person who will not wait in line, unless that line is in front of an elevator at the U.S. Capitol, where Senators and Representatives use private elevators, lest they have to queue with their constituents.But compromising the integrity of the line is not just antidemocratic, it's out-of-date. There was something about the orderly boarding of Noah's Ark, two by two, that seemed to restore not just civilization but civility during the Great Flood.How civil was your last flight? Southwest Airlines has first-come, first-served festival seating. But for $5 per flight, an unaffiliated company called will secure you a coveted "A" boarding pass when that airline opens for online check-in 24 hours before departure. Thus, the savvy traveler doesn't even wait in line when he or she is online.Some cultures are not renowned for lining up. Then again, some cultures are too adept at lining up: a citizen of the former Soviet Union would join a queue just so he could get to the head of that queue and see what everyone was queuing for.And then there is the U.S., where society seems to be cleaving into two groups: Very Important Persons, who don't wait, and Very Impatient Persons, who do--unhappily.For those of us in the latter group-- consigned to coach, bereft of Flash Pass, too poor or proper to pay a placeholder --what do we do? We do what Vladimir and Estragon did in Waiting for Godot: "We wait. We are bored."17. What does the following sentence mean? “Once the most democratic ofinstitutions, lines are rapidly becoming the exclusive province of suckers…Poor suckers, mostly.” (2 paragraph)A. Lines are symbolic of America’s democracy.B. Lines still give Americans equal opportunities.C. Lines are now for ordinary Americans only.D. Lines are for people with democratic spirit only.18. Which of the following is NOT cited as an example of breaching the line?A. Going through the customs at a Canadian airport.B. Using Gold Flash Passes in amusement parks.C. First-class passenger status at airports.D. Purchase of a place in a line from a placeholder.19. We can infer from the passage that politicians (including mayors andCongressmen)A. prefer to stand in lines with ordinary people.B. advocate the value of waiting in lines.C. believe in and practice waiting in lines.D. exploit waiting in lines for their own good.20. What is the tone of the passage?A. Instructive.B. Humorous.C. Serious.D. Teasing.TEXT CA bus took him to the West End, where, among the crazy coloured fountains of illumination, shattering the blue dusk with green and crimson fire, he found the caféof his choice, a tea-shop that had gone mad and turned. Bbylonian, a while palace with ten thousand lights. It towered above the other building like a citadel, which indeed it was, the outpost of a new age, perhaps a new civilization, perhaps a new barbarism; and behind the thin marble front were concrete and steel, just as behind the careless profusion of luxury were millions of pence, balanced to the last halfpenny. Somewhere in the background, hidden away, behind the ten thousand llights and acres of white napery and bewildering glittering rows of teapots, behind the thousand waitresses and cash-box girls and black-coated floor managers and temperamental long-haired violinists, behind the mounds of cauldrons of stewed steak, the vanloads of ices, were a few men who went to work juggling with fractions of a farming, who knew how many units of electricity it took to finish a steak-and-kidney pudding and how many minutes and seconds a waitress( five feet four in height and in average health) would need to carry a tray of given weight from the kitchen life to the table in the far corner. In short, there was a warm, sensuous, vulgar life flowering in the upper storeys, and a cold science working in the basement. Such as the gigantic tea-shop into which Turgis marched, in search not of mere refreshment but of all the enchantment of unfamiliar luxury. Perhaps he knew in his heart that men have conquered half the known world, looted whole kingdoms, and never arrived in such luxury. The place was built for him.It was built for a great many other people too, and, as usual, they were al there. It seemed with humanity. The marble entrance hall, piled dizzily with bonbons and cakes, was as crowded and bustling as a railway station. The gloom and grime of the streets, the raw air, all November, were at once left behind, forgotten: the atmosphere inside was golden, tropical, belonging to some high mid-summer of confectionery. Disdaining the lifts, Turgis, once more excited by the sight, sound, and smell of it all,climbed the wide staircase until he reached his favourite floor, whre an orchestra, led by a young Jewish violinist with wandering lustrous eyes and a passion for tremolo effects, acted as a magnet to a thousand girls, scented air, the sensuous clamour of the strings; and, as he stood hesitating a moment, half dazed, there came, bowing, s sleek grave man, older than he was and far more distinguished than he could ever hope to be, who murmured deferentially: “ For one, sir? This way, please,” Shyly, yet proudly, Turgis followed him.21. That “behind the thin marble front were concrete and steel” suggests thatA. modern realistic commercialism existed behind the luxurious appearance.B. there was a fundamental falseness in the style and the appeal of the café..C. the architect had made a sensible blend of old and new building materials.D. the café was based on physical foundations and real economic strength.22. The following words or phrases are somewhat critical of the tea-shop EXCEPTA. “…turned Babylonian”.B. “perhaps a new barbarism’.C. “acres of white napery”.D. “balanced to the last halfpenny”.23. In its context the statement that “ the place was built for him” means that the caféwas intended toA. please simple people in a simple way.B. exploit gullible people like him.C. satisfy a demand that already existed.D. provide relaxation for tired young men.24. Which of the following statements about the second paragraph is NOT true?A. The café appealed to most senses simultaneously.B. The café was both full of people and full of warmth.C. The inside of the café was contrasted with the weather outside.D. It stressed the commercial determination of the café owners.25. The following are comparisons made by the author in the second paragraphEXCEPT thatA. the entrance hall is compared to a railway station.B. the orchestra is compared to a magnet.C. Turgis welcomed the lift like a conquering soldier.D. the interior of the café is compared to warm countries.26. The author’s attitude to the café isA. fundamentally critical.B. slightly admiring.C. quite undecided.D. completely neutral.TEXT DI Now elsewhere in the world, Iceland may be spoken of, somewhat breathlessly, as western Europe’s last pristine wilderness. But the environmental awareness that is sweeping the world had bypassed the majority of Icelanders. Certainly they were connected to their land, the way one is complicatedly connected to, or encumbered by, family one can’t do anything about. But the truth is, once you’re off the beat-en paths of the low-lying coastal areas where everyone lives, the roads are few, and they’re all bad, so Iceland’s natural wonders have been out of reach and unknown even to its own inhab-itants. For them the land has always just been there, something that had to be dealt with and, if possible, exploited—the mind-set being one of land as commodity rather than land as, well, priceless art on the scale of the “Mona Lisa.”When the opportunity arose in 2003 for the national power company to enter into a 40-year contract with the American aluminum company Alcoa to supply hydroelectric power for a new smelter, those who had been dreaming of some-thing like this for decades jumped at it and never looked back. Iceland may at the moment be one of the world’s richest countries, with a 99 percent literacy rate and long life expectancy. But the proj-ect’s advocates, some of them getting on in years, were more emotionally attuned to the country’s century upon century of want, hardship, and colonial servitude to Denmark, which officially had ended only in 1944 and whose psychological imprint remained relatively fresh. For the longest time, life here had meant little more than a sod hut, dark all winter, cold, no hope, children dying left and right, earthquakes, plagues, starvation, volcanoes erupting and destroying all vegeta-tion and livestock, all spirit—a world revolving almost entirely around the welfare of one’s sheep and, later, on how good the cod catch was. In the outlying regions, it still largely does.Ostensibly, the Alcoa project was intended to save one of these dying regions—the remote and sparsely populated east—where the way of life had steadily declined to a point of desperation and gloom. After fishing quotas were imposed in the early 1980s to protect fish stocks, many indi-vidual boat owners sold their allotments or gave them away, fishing rights ended up mostly in the hands of a few companies, and small fishermen were virtually wiped out. Technological advances drained away even more jobs previously done by human hands, and the people were seeing every-thing they had worked for all their lives turn up worthless and their children move away. With the old way of life doomed, aluminum projects like this one had come to be perceived, wisely or not, as a last chance. “Smelter or death.”The contract with Alcoa would infuse the re-gion with foreign capital, an estimated 400 jobs, and spin-off service industries. It also was a way for Iceland to develop expertise that potentially could be sold to the rest of the world; diversify an economy historically dependent on fish; and, in an appealing display of Icelandic can-do verve, perhaps even protect all of Iceland, once and for all, from the unpredictability of life itself.“We have to live,” Halldór Ásgrímsson said in his sad, sonorous voice. Halldór, a former prime minister and longtime member of parliament from the region,was a driving force behind the project. “We have a right to live.”27. According to the passage, most Icelanders view land as something ofA. environmental value.B. commercial value.C. potential value for tourism.D. great value for livelihood.28. What is Iceland’s old-aged advocates’ feeling towards the Alcoa project?A. Iceland is wealthy enough to reject the project.B. The project would lower life expectancy.C. The project would cause environmental problems.D. The project symbolizes and end to the colonial legacies.29. The disappearance of the old way of life was due to all the following EXCEPTA. fewer fishing companies.B. fewer jobs available.C. migration of young people.D. impostion of fishing quotas.30. The 4 paragraph in the passageA. sums up the main points of the passage.B. starts to discuss an entirely new point.C. elaborates on the last part of the 3 paragraph.D. continues to depict the bleak economic situation.PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.31. Which of the following statements in INCORRECT?A. The British constitution includes the Magna Carta of 1215.B. The British constitution includes Parliamentary acts.C. The British constitution includes decisions made by courts of law.D. The British constitution includes one single written constitution.32. The first city ever founded in Canada isA. Quebec.B. Vancouver.C. Toronto.D. Montreal.33. When did the Australian Federation officially come into being?。

2010英语专八真题及阅读详解

2010英语专八真题及阅读详解

2010英语专八真题TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2010)-GRADE EIGHT-PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN) SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.Complete the gap-filling task. Some of the gaps below may require a maximum of THREE words. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically & semantically acceptable. You may refer to your notes.Paralinguistic Features of LanguageIn face-to-face communication speakers often alter their tomes of voice or change their physical postures in order to convey messages. These means are called paralinguistic features of language, which fall into two categories.First category: vocal paralinguistic featuresA.(1)__________: to express attitude or intention (1)__________B.Examples1. whispering: need for secrecy2. breathiness: deep emotion3. (2)_________: unimportance (2)__________4. nasality: anxiety5. extra lip-rounding: greater intimacySecond category: physical paralinguistic featuresA.facial expressions1.(3)_______ (3)__________----- smiling: signal of pleasure or welcome2.less common expressions----- eye brow raising: surprise or interest----- lip biting: (4)________ (4)_________B.gesturegestures are related to culture.1.British culture----- shrugging shoulders: (5) ________ (5)__________----- scratching head: puzzlement2.other cultures----- placing hand upon heart:(6)_______ (6)__________ ----- pointing at nose: secretC.proximity, posture and echoing1.proximity: physical distance between speakers----- closeness: intimacy or threat----- (7)_______: formality or absence of interest (7)_________Proximity is person-, culture- and (8)________ -specific. (8)_________2.posture----- hunched shoulders or a hanging head: to indicate(9)_____ (9)________----- direct level eye contact: to express an open or challenging attitude3.echoing----- definition: imitation of similar posture----- (10)______: aid in communication (10)___________----- conscious imitation: mockerySECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.1. According to Dr Johnson, diversity meansA. merging of different cultural identities.B. more emphasis on homogeneity.C. embracing of more ethnic differences.D. acceptance of more branches of Christianity.2. According to the interview, which of the following statements in CORRECT?A. Some places are more diverse than others.B. Towns are less diverse than large cities.C. Diversity can be seen everywhere.D. American is a truly diverse country.3. According to Dr Johnson, which place will witness a radical change in its racialmakeup by 2025?A. MaineB. SelinsgroveC. PhiladelphiaD. California4. During the interview Dr Johnson indicates thatA. greater racial diversity exists among younger populations.B. both older and younger populations are racially diverse.C. age diversity could lead to pension problems.D. older populations are more racially diverse.5. According to the interview, religious diversityA. was most evident between 1990 and 2000.B. exists among Muslim immigrants.C. is restricted to certain places in the US.D. is spreading to more parts of the country.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Question 6 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.6. What is the main idea of the news item?A. Sony developed a computer chip for cell phones.B. Japan will market its wallet phone abroad.C. The wallet phone is one of the wireless innovations.D. Reader devices are available at stores and stations.Question 7 and 8 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.7. Which of the following is mentioned as the government’s measure to controlinflation?A. Foreign investment.B. Donor support.C. Price control.D. Bank prediction.8. According to Kingdom Bank, what is the current inflation rate in Zimbabwe?A. 20 million percent.B. 2.2 million percent.C. 11.2 million percent.D. Over 11.2 million percent.Question 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.9. Which of the following is CORRECT?A. A big fire erupted on the Nile River.B. Helicopters were used to evacuate people.C. Five people were taken to hospital for burns.D. A big fire took place on two floors.10. The likely cause of the big fire isA. electrical short-cut.B. lack of fire-satefy measures.C. terrorism.D. not known.PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN) In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet.TEXT AStill, the image of any city has a half-life of many years. (So does its name, officially changed in 2001 from Calcutta to Kolkata, which is closer to what the word sounds like in Bengali. Conversing in English, I never heard anyone call the city anything but Calcutta.) To Westerners, the conveyance most identified with Kolkata is not its modern subway—a facility whose spacious stations have art on the walls and cricket matches on television monitors—but the hand-pulled rickshaw. Stories and films celebrate a primitive-looking cart with high wooden wheels, pulled by someone who looks close to needing the succor of Mother Teresa. For years the government has been talking about eliminating hand-pulled rickshaws on what it calls humanitarian grounds—principally on the ground that, as the mayor of Kolkata has often said, it is offensive to see “one man sweating and straining to pull another man.” But these days politicians also lament the impact of 6,000 hand-pulled rickshaws on a modern city’s traffic and, particularly, on its image. “Wes terners try to associate beggars and these rickshaws with the Calcutta landscape, but this is not what Calcutta stands for,” the chief minister of West Bengal, Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, said in a press conference in 2006. “Our city stands for prosperity and development.” The chief minister—the equivalent of a state governor—went on to announce that hand-pulled rickshaws soon would be banned from the streets of Kolkata.Rickshaws are not there to haul around tourists.(黄包车并不是在那招呼游客的No.11答案) (Actually, I saw almost no tourists in Kolkata, apart from the young backpackers on Sudder Street, in what used to be a red-light district and is now said to be the single place in the city where the services a rickshaw puller offers may include providing female company to a gentleman for the evening.) It’s the people in the lanes who most regularly use rickshaws—not the poor but people who are just a notch above the poor. They are people who tend to travel short distances, through lanes that are sometimes inaccessible to even the most daring taxi driver. An older woman with marketing to do, for instance, can arrive in a rickshaw, have the rickshaw puller wait until she comes back from various stalls to load her purchases, and then be taken home. People in the lanes use rickshaws as a 24-hour ambulance service. Proprietors of cafés or corner stores send rickshaws to collect their supplies. (One morning I saw a rickshaw puller take on a load of live chickens—tied in pairs by the feet so they could be draped over the shafts and the folded back canopy and even the axle. By the time he trotted off, he was carrying about a hundred upside-down chickens.) The rickshaw pullers told me their steadiest customers are schoolchildren. Middle-class families contract with a puller to take a child to school and pick him up; the puller essentially becomes a family retainer.From June to September Kolkata can get torrential rains, and its drainage system doesn’t need torrential rain to begin backing up. Re sidents who favor a touch of hyperbole say that in Kolkata “if a stray cat pees, there’s a flood.” During my stay it once rained for about 48 hours. Entire neighborhoods couldn’t be reached bymotorized vehicles, and the newspapers showed pictures of rickshaws being pulled through water that was up to the pullers’ waists. When it’s raining, the normal customer base for rickshaw pullers expands greatly, as does the price of a journey. A writer in Kolkata told me, “When it rains, even the governor takes rickshaws.”While I was in Kolkata, a magazine called India Today published its annual ranking of Indian states, according to such measurements as prosperity and infrastructure. Among India’s 20 largest states, Bihar finished dead last, as it has for four of the past five years. Bihar, a couple hundred miles north of Kolkata, is where the vast majority of rickshaw pullers come from. Once in Kolkata, they sleep on the street or in their rickshaws or in a dera—a combination garage and repair shop and dormitory managed by someone called a sardar.(在加尔各答, 他们谁在街上、睡在他们的黄包车内或在”dera”内, 那是由某个酋长管理的由车库、修理店和宿舍的结合. 由此推出拉黄包车的人生活水平很低, 即No.12答案) For sleeping privileges in a dera, pullers pay 100 rupees (about $2.50) a month, which sounds like a pretty good deal until you’ve visited a dera. They gross between 100 and 150 rupees a day, out of which they have to pay 20 rupees for the use of the rickshaw and an occasional 75 or more for a payoff if a policeman stops them for, say, crossing a street where rickshaws are prohibited. A 2003 study found that rickshaw pullers are near the bottom of Kolkata occupations in income, doing better than only the ragpickers and the beggars. For someone without land or education, that still beats trying to make a living in Bihar.(对于那些没有土地又没接受教育的人来说, 在Kolkata的生活总好过在Bihar那赚钱, 推出在Kolkata的收入更高, 即No.13答案)There are people in Kolkata, particularly educated and politically aware people, who will not ride in a rickshaw, because they are offended by the idea of being pulled by another human being or because they consider it not the sort of thing people of their station do or because they regard the hand-pulled rickshaw as a relic of colonialism. Ironically, some of those people are not enthusiastic about banning rickshaws.(因为他们抵触人拉人这样的做法, 又或者是因为这不是他们这种有地位的人该做的事情, 又有可能是因为他们认为拉黄包车的人是殖民主义的遗留物. 但讽刺的是, 他们中的一些人并不热心去反对黄包车, 由此推出这些人的态度是很复杂的, 即NO.14答案) The editor of the editorial pages of Kolkata’s Telegraph—Rudrangshu Mukherjee, a former academic who still writes history books—told me, for instance, that he sees humanitarian considerations as coming down on the side of keeping hand-pulled rickshaws on the road. “I refuse to be carried by another human being myself,” he said, “but I question whether we have the right to take away their livelihood.” Ric kshaw supporters point out that when it comes to demeaning occupations, rickshaw pullers are hardly unique in Kolkata.When I asked one rickshaw puller if he thought the government’s plan to rid the city of rickshaws was based on a genuine interest in his welfare, he smiled, with a quick shake of his head—a gesture I interpreted to mean, “If you are so naive as toask such a question, I will answer it, but it is not worth wasting words on.” Some rickshaw pullers I met were resigned to the imminent end of their livelihood and pin their hopes on being offered something in its place. As migrant workers, they don’t have the political clout enjoyed by, say, Kolkata’s sidewalk hawkers, who, after supposedly being scaled back at the beginning of the modernization drive, still clog the sidewalks, selling absolutely everything—or, as I found during the 48 hours of rain, absolutely everything but umbrellas.(又或者是, 就像我在2天的下雨天里, 能找到卖各种各样东西的人, 却找不到一个卖伞的, 表现作者幽默感.即NO.15答案) “The government was the government of the poor people,” one sardar told me. “Now they shake hands with the capitalists and try to get rid of poor people.”But others in Kolkata believe that rickshaws will simply be confined more strictly to certain neighborhoods, out of the view of World Bank traffic consultants and California investment delegations—or that they will be allowed to die out naturally as they’re supplanted by more modern conveyances. Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, after all, is not the first high West Bengal official to say that rickshaws would be off the streets of Kolkata in a matter of months. Similar statements have been made as far back as 1976. The ban decreed by Bhattacharjee has been delayed by a court case and by a widely held belief that some retraining or social security settlement ought to be offered to rickshaw drivers. It may also have been delayed by a quiet reluctance to give up something that has been part of the fabric of the city for more than a century. Kolkata, a resident told me, “has difficulty letting go.” One day a city official handed me a report from the municipal government laying out options for how rickshaw pullers might be rehabilitated.“Which option has been chosen?”(哪个意见被采纳了?) I asked, noting that the report was dated almost exactly a year before my visit.“That ha sn’t been decided,”(还没决定) he said.“When will it be decided?”(什么时候能决定下来?)“That hasn’t been decided,”(那也还没决定) he said.(由对话推出很难找到解决方法, 即NO.16答案)11. According to the passage, rickshaws are used in Kolkata mainly for thefollowing EXCEPTA. taking foreign tourists around the city.B. providing transport to school children.C. carrying store supplies and purchasesD. carrying people over short distances.12. Which of the following statements best describes the rickshaw pullers fromBihar?A. They come from a relatively poor area.B. They are provided with decent accommodation.C. Their living standards are very low in Kolkata.D. They are often caught by policemen in the streets.13. That “For someone without land or education, that still beats trying to make aliving in Bihar” (4 paragraph) means that even so,A. the poor prefer to work and live in Bihar.B. the poor from Bihar fare better than back home.C. the poor never try to make a living in Bihar.D. the poor never seem to resent their life in Kolkata.14. We can infer from the passage that some educated and politically aware peopleA. hold mixed feelings towards rickshaws.B. strongly support the ban on rickshaws.C. call for humanitarian actions fro rickshaw pullers.D. keep quiet on the issue of banning rickshaws.15. Which of the following statements conveys the author’s sense of humor?A. “…not the poor but people who are just a notch above the poor.”(2paragraph)B. “…,.which sounds like a pretty good deal until you’ve visited a dera.”(4paragraph)C. Kolkata, a resident told me, “ has difficulty letting go.” (7 paragraph).D.“…or, as I found during the 48 hours of rain, absolutely everything butumbrellas.” (6 paragraph)16. The dialogue between the author and the city official at the end of the passageseems to suggestA. the uncertainty of the court’s decision.B. the inefficiency of the municipal government.C. the difficulty of finding a good solution.D. the slowness in processing options.TEXT BDepending on whom you believe, the average American will, over a lifetime, wait in lines for two years (says National Public Radio) or five years (according to customer-loyalty experts).The crucial word is average, as wealthy Americans routinely avoid lines altogether. Once the most democratic of institutions, lines are rapidly becoming the exclusive province of suckers(people who still believe in and practice waiting in lines). Poor suckers, mostly.(在最民主的机构, 只有以受骗的人才会去排队, 这些人仍有信念, 并在队伍中慢慢等待. 多数的可怜的人啊. 根据上下文推出只有普通人才需要排队. 即NO.17答案)Airports resemble France before the Revolution: first-class passengers enjoy "élite" security lines and priority boarding(NO.18 C), and disembark before the unwashed in coach, held at bay by a flight attendant, are allowed to foul the Jetway.At amusement parks, too, you can now buy your way out of line (NO.18 B). This summer I haplessly watched kids use a $52 Gold Flash Pass to jump the lines at Six Flags New England, and similar systems are in use in most major American theme parks, from Universal Orlando to Walt Disney World, where the haves get to watch the have-mores breeze past on their way to their seats.Flash Pass teaches children a valuable lesson in real-world economics: that the rich are more important than you, especially when it comes to waiting. An NBA player once said to me, with a bemused chuckle of disbelief, that when playing in Canada--get this--"we have to wait in the same customs line as everybody else."Almost every line can be breached for a price. In several U.S. cities this summer, early arrivers among the early adopters waiting to buy iPhones offered to sell their spots in the lines. On Craigslist, prospective iPhone purchasers offered to pay "waiters" or "placeholders" to wait in line for them outside Apple stores (NO.18 D).Inevitably, some semi-populist politicians have seen the value of sort-of waiting in lines with the ordinary people.(必然地, 一些半平民主义者的政治家发现了他们和平民百姓一齐排队的好处NO.19) This summer Philadelphia mayor John Street waited outside an AT&T store from 3:30 a.m. to 11:30 a.m. before a stand-in from his office literally stood in for the mayor while he conducted official business. And billionaire New Y ork mayor Michael Bloomberg often waits for the subway with his fellow citizens, though he's first driven by motorcade past the stop nearest his house to a station 22 blocks away, where the wait, or at least the ride, is shorter.As early as elementary school, we're told that jumping the line is an unethical act,which is why so many U.S. lawmakers have framed the immigration debate as a kind of fundamental sin of the school lunch line. Alabama Senator Richard Shelby, to cite just one legislator, said amnesty would allow illegal immigrants "to cut in line ahead of millions of people."Nothing annoys a national lawmaker more than a person who will not wait in line, unless that line is in front of an elevator at the U.S. Capitol, where Senators and Representatives use private elevators, lest they have to queue with their constituents.But compromising the integrity of the line is not just antidemocratic, it's out-of-date. There was something about the orderly boarding of Noah's Ark, two by two, that seemed to restore not just civilization but civility during the Great Flood.How civil was your last flight? Southwest Airlines has first-come, first-served festival seating. But for $5 per flight, an unaffiliated company called will secure you a coveted "A" boarding pass when that airline opens for online check-in 24 hours before departure. Thus, the savvy traveler doesn't even wait in line when he or she is online.Some cultures are not renowned for lining up. Then again, some cultures are too adept at lining up: a citizen of the former Soviet Union would join a queue just so he could get to the head of that queue and see what everyone was queuing for.And then there is the U.S., where society seems to be cleaving into two groups: V ery Important Persons, who don't wait, and V ery Impatient Persons, who do--unhappily.For those of us in the latter group-- consigned to coach, bereft of Flash Pass, too poor or proper to pay a placeholder --what do we do? We do what Vladimir and Estragon did in Waiting for Godot: "We wait. We are bored."17. What does the following sentence mean? “Once the most democratic ofinstitutions, lines are rapidly becoming the exclusive province of suckers…Poor suckers, mostly.” (2 paragraph)A. Lines are symbolic of America’s democracy.B. Lines still give Americans equal opportunities.C. Lines are now for ordinary Americans only.D. Lines are for people with democratic spirit only.18. Which of the following is NOT cited as an example of breaching the line?A. Going through the customs at a Canadian airport.B. Using Gold Flash Passes in amusement parks.C. First-class passenger status at airports.D. Purchase of a place in a line from a placeholder.19. We can infer from the passage that politicians (including mayors andCongressmen)A. prefer to stand in lines with ordinary people.B. advocate the value of waiting in lines.C. believe in and practice waiting in lines.D. exploit waiting in lines for their own good.20. What is the tone of the passage?A. Instructive.B. Humorous.C. Serious.D. Teasing.TEXT CA bus took him to the West End, where, among the crazy coloured fountains of illumination, shattering the blue dusk with green and crimson fire, he found the caféof his choice, a tea-shop that had gone mad and turned. Bbylonian, a while palace with ten thousand lights. It towered above the other building like a citadel, which indeed it was, the outpost of a new age, perhaps a new civilization, perhaps a new barbarism; and behind the thin marble front were concrete and steel,(在薄薄的大理石板背后是水泥和钢筋. NO.21) just as behind the careless profusion of luxury were millions of pence, balanced to the last halfpenny. Somewhere in the background, hidden away, behind the ten thousand llights and acres of white napery and bewildering glittering rows of teapots, behind the thousand waitresses and cash-box girls and black-coated floor managers and temperamental long-haired violinists, behind the mounds of cauldrons of stewed steak, the vanloads of ices, were a few men who went to work juggling with fractions of a farming, who knew how many units of electricity it took to finish a steak-and-kidney pudding and how many minutes and seconds a waitress( five feet four in height and in average health) would need to carry a tray of given weight from the kitchen life to the table in the far corner. In short, there was a warm, sensuous, vulgar life flowering in the upper storeys, and a cold science working in the basement. Such as the gigantic tea-shop into which Turgis marched, in search not of mere refreshment but of all the enchantment of unfamiliar luxury. Perhaps he knew in his heart that men have conquered half the known world, looted whole kingdoms, and never arrived in such luxury. The place was built for him.It was built for a great many other people too, and, as usual, they were al there. It seemed with humanity. The marble entrance hall, piled dizzily with bonbons and cakes, was as crowded and bustling as a railway station.(NO.25 A) The gloom and grime of the streets, the raw air, all November, were at once left behind, forgotten: the atmosphere inside was golden, tropical, belonging to some high mid-summer of confectionery.(NO.25 D) Disdaining the lifts, Turgis, once more excited by the sight, sound, and smell of it all, climbed the wide staircase until he reached his favourite floor, whre an orchestra, led by a young Jewish violinist with wandering lustrous eyes and a passion for tremolo effects, acted as a magnet to a thousand girls,(NO.25 B) scented air, the sensuous clamour of the strings; and, as he stood hesitating a moment, half dazed, there came, bowing, s sleek grave man, older than he was and far more distinguished than he could ever hope to be, who murmured deferentially: “ For one,sir? This way, please,” Shyly, yet proudly, Turgis followed him.21. That “behind the thin marble front were concrete and steel” suggests thatA. modern realistic commercialism existed behind the luxurious appearance. (在华丽外表的背后是现实的商业主义)B. there was a fundamental falseness in the style and the appeal of the café..C. the architect had made a sensible blend of old and new building materials.D. the café was based on physical foundations and real economic strength.22. The following words or phrases are somewhat critical of the tea-shop EXCEPTA. “…turned Babylonian”.B. “perhaps a new barbarism’.C. “acres of white napery”.D. “balanced to the last halfpenny”.23. In its context the statement that “ the place was built for him” means that the caféwas intended toA. please simple people in a simple way.B. exploit(剥削) gullible(以受骗的) people like him.C. satisfy a demand that already existed.D. provide relaxation for tired young men.24. Which of the following statements about the second paragraph is NOT true?A. The café appealed to most senses simultaneously.B. The café was both full of people and full of warmth.(没提有没人)C. The inside of the café was contrasted with the weather outside.D. It stressed the commercial determination of the café owners.25. The following are comparisons made by the author in the second paragraphEXCEPT thatA. the entrance hall is compared to a railway station.B. the orchestra is compared to a magnet.C. Turgis welcomed the lift like a conquering soldier.D. the interior of the café is compared to warm countries.26. The author’s attitude to the café isA. fundamentally critical.B. slightly admiring.C. quite undecided.D. completely neutral.TEXT DI Now elsewhere in the world, Iceland may be spoken of, somewhat breathlessly, as western Europe’s last pristine w ilderness. But the environmental awareness that is sweeping the world had bypassed the majority of Icelanders. Certainly they were connected to their land, the way one is complicatedly connected to, or encumbered by, family one can’t do anything about.(NO.27) But the truth is, once you’re off the beat-en paths of the low-lying coastal areas where everyone lives, the roads are few, and they’re all bad, so Iceland’s natural wonders have been out of reach and unknown even to its own inhab-itants. For them the land has always just been there, something that had to be dealt with and, if possible, exploited—the mind-set being one of land as commodity rather than land as, well, priceless art on the scale of the “Mona Lisa.”When the opportunity arose in 2003 for the national power company to enter into a 40-year contract with the American aluminum company Alcoa to supply hydroelectric power for a new smelter, those who had been dreaming of some-thing like this for decades jumped at it and never looked back. Iceland may at the moment be one of the world’s richest countries, with a 99 percent literacy rate and long life expectancy. But the proj-ect’s advocates, some of them getting on in years, were more emotionally attuned to the country’s century upon century of wan t, hardship, and colonial servitude to Denmark, which officially had ended only in 1944 and whose psychological imprint remained relatively fresh.(NO. 28) For the longest time, life here had meant little more than a sod hut, dark all winter, cold, no hope,children dying left and right, earthquakes, plagues, starvation, volcanoes erupting and destroying all vegeta-tion and livestock, all spirit—a world revolving almost entirely around the welfare of one’s sheep and, later, on how good the cod catch was. In the outlying regions, it still largely does.Ostensibly, the Alcoa project was intended to save one of these dying regions—the remote and sparsely populated east—where the way of life had steadily declined to a point of desperation and gloom. After fishing quotas were imposed(29 D) in the early 1980s to protect fish stocks, many indi-vidual boat owners sold their allotments or gave them away, fishing rights ended up mostly in the hands of a few companies, and small fishermen were virtually wiped out. Technological advances drained away even more jobs previously done by human hands(29 B), and the people were seeing every-thing they had worked for all their lives turn up worthless and their children move away(29 C). With the old way of life doomed, aluminum projects like this one had come to be perceived, wisely or not, as a last chance. “Smelter or death.”The contract with Alcoa would infuse the re-gion with foreign capital, an estimated 400 jobs, and spin-off service industries. It also was a way for Iceland to。

同等学力申硕英语模拟题答案

同等学力申硕英语模拟题答案

Paper onePart I Dialogue CommunicationSection A1．选A..在语言学中有一种“使役行为理论”;指的是有些句子具有一定的使役力量;虽然没有直接提出要求;但听者听了以后会觉得说话者间接提出了某种请求;让听者做某件事..在这里;A方虽然表面是在问B方是否靠近门口;但其前提是感到寒冷;可见其目的并不只是单纯的询问B方所处的位置;而是间接地请求B方把门关上;所以选项A实现了成功的交流目的.. 2．选B..A方问：“最新的一期时代周刊到没到今天已经是星期二了..”选项B的答复最合理：“这杂志晚了..也许后天才能到..”其他几个答复均不合适..如干扰项A仅重复了杂志未到的事实;无任何新信息..3．选A..注意本对话讲的是打电话投硬币的事..A方是电话提示;要求投入更多预付金硬币;否则通话就无法继续了..因此;选项A说：“噢;天哪;我没钱了..得把电话挂了..”4．选B..A方问：“Ray;你放学后不直接回家吗”选项B说：“不..我1点钟还要上课;然后在图书馆待几个小时再回家..”干扰项A可能起作用..但应注意;按照英语的习惯;当回答内容为否定时;其前不能使用Yes..5．选A..A方说：“听说你得了一张停车罚单..”选项A的意思是：“是啊;我根本不知道3区是专供教师用的..”Lot在此指停车的分区..Section BDialogue Comprehension6．选A..女士问男士是否见过凯莉在附近出现;男士回答说;凯莉的手提包就放在椅子上;暗示凯莉很可能就在附近..7．选A..男士提醒女士记得去看医生;但女士说只是有点擦伤;暗示她认为情况并不严重;不需要去看医生..8．选B..pick up在这里的意思是“学某种东西”..on one’s own的意思是“靠自己”..知道了这两个词组的意义;就很容易选出答案B..9．选D..这道题的关键词是resume;即“简历”..女士打算给这家电力公司递上一个简历..显然;她是想在这家公司工作..10．选C..男士说他打算放弃拉小提琴;因为管弦乐队再次拒绝接收他为成员；女士对此表示怀疑：“仅仅因为你没能成功考入乐队;难道就此放弃吗”可见她希望男士应重新考虑他的决定..“make”在这里指“成功作成某事”..Part II V ocabulary11．选B.mended：赞扬;表彰;其对应词应为praised;即“表扬;表彰”..本题题意为：那位消防队员因其在熄灭那场大火的勇敢表现而受到表彰..辨义：A．denounced斥责；C．welcomed 欢迎；D．exclaimed嚷叫起来;大声叫..12．选C..画线词rule out：排除掉;其对应词应为exclude;即“排除掉;不包括..”本题题意为：我们无法排除是他的妻子将他杀害的..辨义：A．foresee预见；B．run out用完；D．foretell 预言..故答案为C..13．选A..画线词back up;在这里的意思是：依靠;支持；其近义词为A support..辨义：A support 支持..辨义：通过语义判断;到分辨词汇可分辨义：A．elevate；B．提高；C．investigate调查；D．challenge挑战..本题题句的意思为：人们期待着科学家们做出彻底的研究来支持对这些新药所作的断言..故正确答案为A..14．选D..画线词baffling在此的含义是：令……惊讶;或令人感到茫然莫解..其对应词为perplexing to..本题题句的意思为：有一类侦探小说描述令人钦佩的业余侦探;他们通过理智地分析犯罪动机与线索;侦破了一些使警察困惑不已的案子..正确答案为D..辨义：A．revealed by由……揭示出；B．predicted by由……预测；C．alarming to对某人产生提醒或告诫的作用..15．选A..画线词的对应词为：fundamentally..二者共同的基本意思是：基本上、聪根本上..本题题句的意思为：相对论基本上有两部分组成：狭义相对论和广义相对论..辨义：B．usually 通常；C．frequently经常；D．approximately大约、近似地..16．选C..画线词depicting：描绘..其含义与portraying描绘;绘制接近..本题题意为：描绘风景景观的刺绣18世纪末就在美国开始畅销起来..辨义：A．stating陈述；B．relating论及；D．celebrating庆祝性的..故答案为C..17．选A..画线词daring意为辨义“大胆的、勇敢的;”bold是其同义词..本题题句的意思为：那个胆大的年轻人骑马穿过那印第安人的村庄试图找到他那走失了很久的妹妹..辨义：B．cowardly怯懦的；C．persistent坚持不懈的；D．caring关心人的..18．选D..Did you suspect that the entire episode was an elaborate deception这句话的意思是：你可曾想到整个段落情节是一个精心设计的骗局句中画线词deception的意思是“欺骗..”其含义与选项D．hoax相近..故D为正确答案..辨义：A．decision决定；B．death死亡；C．invitation 邀请..19．选C..画线词defect是B．effect．的反义词;C．weakness的近义词..本题题句的意思是：对自己的能力缺乏信心是迈克个性中的一个主要弱点..正确答案为 C..辨义：其他词的含义是：A．defeat战胜、击败；D．device设计、装置..20．选B..画线词defy的意思为：不顾；不予理睬..与选项B．oppose “反对”为同义词..本题题句的意思为：约翰继续反对他的老板..辨义：A．avoid避免；C．admire赞赏、敬佩；D．guide指导..Section B21..选 A..填词题的做题窍门在于先要读懂题意..本题题句Numerous experiments have demonstrated that mass is_____ to energy的意思是：无数的实验已经证明;质量可以转换为能量..需要填全的词必定得是一个含义与句意相通的形容词..在这里就应当是选项A．convertible;即“可转换的”..辨义：B．exchangeable可交换的；C．transplantable可移植的；D．conceivable可相信的;可设想出来的..22．选A..本题题句In October of this year our Party will_____ its Thirteenth National Congress 的意思为：今年十月我们党要召开十三大了..在这四个选项中;只有A．convene表示“召开”之意..故为正确答案..辨义：B．assemble集合；C．gather集中；D．meet会面..23．选B..本题题意为：自从20世纪30年代早期;瑞士银行就以自己的保密体系和带密码的存折而自豪..在其4个选项中;只有pride;表示“以……自豪;使自豪;使自夸等”..其固定搭配为pride oneself on something;“以……自豪”..做名词时固定搭配为take pride in something..故答案为B..24．选B..本题题意为：传统上从来不让外国学生久留和工作的国家;如德国和英国;在信息技术方面都面临着劳动力_____ 缺乏的问题;因而放松了移民法..A．cuts“裁减；”B．shortages “短缺；”C．weaknesses“弱点；”D．imports“进口..”故答案为B..25．选C..本题题句A series of _____scandals led to the fall of the government的意思为：一系列贪污腐化事件导致政府垮台..C. corruption的意思是：“腐败;道德败坏..”应为正确选项..辨义：A．degradation贬职、降级；B．degeneracy衰退、退化、破坏；D．subversion颠覆.. 26．选A..本题题句Could you possibly_____ me at the next committee meeting的意思是：你能否在下一次会议上塞鲎我一下本句中要求判断出一些读短语动词的用法来..辨义：A．stand in for sb．“站在……的一方”..辨义：B．make up for弥补;补足；C．fall back On求助于；D．keepin with继续与某人保持友好..根据句意;A为正确答案..27．选C..本题题句The old scientist decided to move to his country home _____ his advanced age and poor health．的大致意思应当是：考虑到年事已高;健康状况不佳;这位老科学家决定搬回农村居住..句中缺少的部分应表示原因..选项C．on account of考虑到;由于;因为就应是首选..辨义：A．in the interest of由于对……的兴趣；B．as a result of由于……的结果；D．in support of支持;拥护..28．选B..本题题句_____ of the financial crisis;all they could do was hold on and hope that;things would improve的意思是：鉴于_____ 到金融危机的了顶点;他们所能做到的就是忍耐并希望事情有所好转..句中的空缺处填上……的定点..即B．At the height;在……的顶点..其他词义辨义：A．At the bottom“在……的低谷”；C．on the top “在……的顶部”；D．In the end最终..故根据句意;B为正确答案..29．选A..本题题句Bill looked everywhere for his dictionary but _____ had to return home without it．的意思是：比尔到处找自己的字典;但_____ 最后不得不空手而归..辨义：A．in the end“最后;终于”；B．at the end;一般用做at the end of;意思是“在……结尾;在……末端”；C．in the finish不是短语;正确的短语应为at the finish;意思是“在最后”；D．at the last也不是短语;正确的短语应为at last;意思是“最后”..故根据句意;A为正确答案..30．选A..本题题句We are prepared to overlook the error on this occasion _____your previous good work的意思是：我们已准备_____ 按照你先前做出的卓越研究来考察在这种情况下可能出现的错误..辨义：A．in the light of鉴于;由于..其意正合题意语境的需要..B．thanks to多亏;幸亏；C．with a view to着眼于;以……目的；D．with regard to关于..因此;句意显示A为正确答案..Part III Reading ComprehensionPassage 0ne短文大意本文讲述了the Robotic Rover Spirit机器人海魂号对火星一岩石样本的取样后;科学家对它进行的研究..题目精解31．选B..本文第一段末句即指明the robotic rover Spirit began investigating the rock用的是with two science instruments and a microscopic camera．32．选D..这是一道文句大意重述题..因为they were glad to see the results就等于说But they were．．．pleased;而后半句and puzzled over the soil test results就等于说他们对这些土壤的特征还感到无法理解;也就等于说they can’t explain them..因为puzzled over的意思就是“对……迷惑不解..”33．选C..本文第六段Olivine第一次出现后;即用一个非限定性定语从句对其进行解释：which contains oxygen．iron and magnesium;is often found in volcanic rocks．由此可知正确答案为C.. 34．选A..本题定位在第五段：X-rays emitted by the surface soil indicated a chemical composition mainly of silicon and iron;with smaller amounts of sulfur;chlorine and argon.35．选B..本题定位在全文末段末句：Nothing collapsed;leading Dr．Squyres to ask what force was responsible for holding them together．36．选D..本文首段指出the robotic rover Spirit开始在火星上研究一块岩石样本;接着展开叙述科学家对它的研究..Passage Two短文大意本文介绍了鸟类鸣声随所在地域不同而有所不同的特性;并通过Kroodsma大体介绍了这种差异形成的原因..题目精解37．选A..从本文第二段中Birds that live on the boundary between two dialects or that spend time in different areas can become“bilingual”定位..38．选C..题干定位在第二段倒数第二句rapid cultural evolution within each generation紧接着说明This kind of song evolution is found in whales but;up until now; rarely in birds.39．选D..在第四段对话中;With these birds;if we find differences in their songs from place to place;it means that the DNA has changed too;表明选项A是正确的;这段对话的末句you get these striking differences from place to place because the birds have learned the local dialect说明选项C是正确的;综合两个选项;选择D..40．选C..猜测词义题..题干出现在SA的第三次发问中．;通过阅读DK的回答;because they are thrown together with different birds every few months from all over the geographic range;可知答案为C..41．选B..题干出现在全文末句;是一个由wish引导的虚拟句;可知DK在目前还不知道这个答案;故应选B..42．选C..本题属定标题..从最后一段引述DK的话;即“So I think for nomadic birds like Sedge Wrens;because they are thrown together with different birds every few months from all over the geographic range;they don’t bother to imitate the songs of their immediate neighbors They make up some kind of generalized song;or rather the instructions in their DNA allow them to improvise this very Sedge Wren-y song．”可以看出这篇对话的主旨是研究鸟的呜声与其所处的地理环境及其邻居的关系的..Passage Three短文大意耶鲁大学的物理学家Robert Adair指出;在棒球运动中;外野手如果想准确地接着球就不能仅仅依靠视觉信息;而必须根据球击在木质球棒上的声音来及早判断球会飞行多远..题目精解43．选A..具体细节题..解题的信息在第2段第2句话：If he relied purely upon visual information;the fielder would have to wait for about one-and-a-half seconds before he could tell accurately if the pitcher hit the ball long or short．44．选A..第3段中有这样的描述“If I heard a crack I ran out．．．”防守队员向外跑;说明击球手击出的是一记长球..45．选C..具体细节题..见第5段第2句话：Balls hit on the sweet spot generate fewer energy-sapping vibration in the bat;allowing greater energy transfer t0 the ball．46．选C..Adair在最后一段指出;铅质球棒无论球击在何处发出的都是同样的一声“呼”.. 47．选B..在第一段第一句就提到;“Experienced baseball fielders can tell how far a ball is going to travel Just by listening to the crack of the bat．If they didn’t;they wouldn’t stand a chance of catching it”;有经验的棒球外野手可以通过倾听球拍的击打声来分辨球的运动距离;而无法做到这一点的话;则有可能把握不住接球的机会..所以A是正确的..在第二段提到;“If he relied purely upon visual information．．．the ball may have traveled too far for him to each it in time·”所以B不正确;应该为visual而不是sound information..第三段中;“The difference between the crack and clunk．．．could mean a difference in running distance of as much as 30 meters”;所以C 正确..第四段最后一句提到;“Conversely;mishit balls make the bat vibrate strongly and SO donot travel as far．”相反地;如果没有击中sweet spot的话;会使拍子剧烈振动;从而无法击得远;所以D也正确..48．选B..主旨大意题..本文主要讲的是防守队员如何根据球击在木质球棒上的声音来判断球的飞行距离..Passage Four短文大意本文虽然一开头就介绍宇宙学家和星源学家之间的不同之处;但此后都是围绕着星源学家内部对于太阳系起源所持的不同见解展开的..题目精解49．选C..本文讨论的是星源学家之间的争论;关于太阳系的形成根源究竟是否同一物质..所以应该选C最为接近..50．选D..本文第1段提到;1848年Edgar Allen Poe在一次演讲中提到了星源学的奥秘;但不能因为他作过一次演讲就断定他是cosmologist或cosmogonist或lecturer..本题的解题信息在in a new edition of Poe’s prose poem Eureka．51．选C..具体细节题..见第2段第3旬：Cosmologists worry about where the Universe came from;cosmogonists with how the Solar System formed．52．选A..选项A中的completely与文章的内容不符;因为Mercury和Pluto不在这一平面上.. 53．选B..从本文的第4段可以了解到;大多数星源学家把太阳有7．25度倾斜度这一事实归因于太阳物质的损失：Anyway;they add;the Sun has been losing mass for most of its life and may have slipped a little：54．选C..第6段中的Not at all暗指一个倾斜的太阳并不是星源学家们唯一头痛的事情;应该还有许多令他们头疼的事情..Passage Five短文大意本文描述的是目前由于俄罗斯太空急救飞船的承载能力的限制;目前国际空间站的永久成员只能是3个;他们整天忙于空问站的运行与维护;基本上无法进行有益的科学试验..因此美国的NASA正计划利用其他办法增加太空站的人员编制..题目精解55．选C..推断引申题..本文第1段的最后一句中will at last be able to do useful scientific research这一部分暗示目前的3人编制根本无法进行科学试验..56．选A..具体细节题..解题的信息在第2段第一句中的limited by three by the capability of Russian Soyuz capsules that would return them to Earth in an emergency．57．选C..capsule在文中是指太空舱;跟cabin机舱的意思较为接近;所以选C..58．选B..具体细节题..见第3段第2句：But faced with a$5 billion budget overrun;the agency cancelled the project last year..59．选B..本文在第5段描写到;俄罗斯同意把Soyez的使用寿命延长到2006年;但从2006～2010年间国际太空站将没有救生飞船;因此也不会有永久人员..这是a big problem o60．选D..主旨大意题..综合各段的主题句的意思可以看出;本文主要是阐述如何增加国际太空站的人员编制;进行有用的科学研究..Part IV Cloze短文大意本文介绍“否决”..文章通过介绍否决的定义、适用范围、一般规则以及历史上美国总统与国会使用否决权的实例;阐述了这个问题..这一主题在段首句与段尾句中得到了明确的反映..段首句大意：vet0这个英语单词的意思是“我不允许”..开门见山;道出文章的主题..段尾句大意：这些提案中至少有一条已经被他否决了..以下详细讲解各题答案..题目精解61．选B..本题考理解..考生应能读懂本文的第二句是对第一句中“I will not permit”的解释..permit意为“允许”;因此;可知本题词义为“阻止、阻挠”..进一步参照选择项;则可发现A．accept：意为“接受”;C．promote意为“促进、推进”;D．challenge意为“挑战”;B．block 意为“阻挡、阻止”..只有B．block符合veto的含义;是本题正确答案..62．选A..本题考词汇..根据我们对联合国安理会的了解;我们知道联合国安理会是由中、美、英、法、俄五个常任理事国组成;显然;本题词义应为“由…组成”或“包含”..仔细区分四个选择项的差别;发现只有A．has符合文章要求..即联合国安理会有五个常任理事国..干扰项词义：B．consist与D．is made up都含有“由……组成”或“包含”之意..不过;选择项中所给的短语搭配不全..完整的短语形式应该分别为consist of和is made up of..因此;这两项可以排除..C．maintain意为“保持”或“持…观点”;也不符合文章的语意要求..63．选D..从语法角度分析;本题答案为该句主语..根据前文及常识;可以知道在此充当主语的为上述五国..然后根据选择项一一排查..Both意为“两者都”;用来表达双方的情况;但是;此处有五个国家;因此可以排除选择项A..B．All of which虽然可以用以表示“其中所有的”;但通常用于非限定性定语从句句首;而此处为独立的句子;并非从句;因此选择项B．也可排除..C．Ever..y也可以代表全体;但它是形容词;不能做主语..D．Each为代词;意为“每个”;满足了语法和词义两方面的要求;是本题正确答案..64．选B..本题考动词短语辨析..无论单词辨析还是短语辨析;都要以对文章的正确理解为主要依据..A．calling off意为“取消”；C．calling upon意为“号召、召唤”；calling up意为“打电话”；B．calling for意为“要求”;是本题正确答案..本句大意是;英法两国否决了一项要求以色列从埃及领土撤军的议案..65．选D..本题考近义词辨析..根据常识;可以判断此处需要一个形容词;表示“平常的、通常的、普通的”;修饰use..A．normal“正常的、规范的”;不符合文章要求;可以首先排除..由于其他各项的中文释义都带有“一般、普通的”含义;需要进一步辨别它们之间在语义侧重上的细微差别..B．ordinary质量、品质“一般化、普通”;针对特殊的或特别实例而言;即“没有什么特别之处”的意思；C．average指中等水平的;针对较高或较低水平而言“不高不低”；Dmon“平常的、通常的”;针对事情发生的频度而言;即“常见的”之意..66．选D..本题考语法..选择项提供了动词的四种形式..在甄别正确答案时;应考虑使用谓语或非谓语动词;即选择A或D;还是选择B或C；现在时还是过去时;即：选择A或C还是B;以及单数即选择项D或复数动词即选择项A几个方面..首先;显然应选择谓语动词形式;即排除现在分词选项C．providing for..然后排除过去时选项B．provided for;因为文章所谈论的是美国现行宪法..最后;由于主语“美国宪法”是单数;故再排除A．provide for;正确答案为D．provides for..67．选C..本句紧接前句..根据副词aIso也的提示;本句仍然讨论同一个话题;主语也仍然是美国宪法..故正确答案为C．Const;itution..68．选C..本题考序数词的拼写形式..C．tWO—thirds为唯一的正确答案..69．选B..本题考情态动词的用法;而情态动词的选择主要取决于对文章的理解..此处讲述的是：在总统使用否决权后;国会议案成为法律的先决条件是两院都必须投票推翻总统的否决..作为立法程序;此处需要用明确、强硬的情态动词来描述;因此答案为B．must;即“必须”..干扰项A．may和C．can都表示可能性;D．will则表示“将会”之意..70．选C..本题考时态..在谈到历史上的美国总统多次否决国会提案的问题时;没有明确的时间状语;显然本句信息的焦点在于总统否决国会提案的影响与后果..况且紧随其后的句子也用了现在完成时;支持了本题应该使用现在完成时的判断..71．选C..本题考副词的应用..对副词的选择主要基于对文章的理解..如上所述;美国历史上总统曾否决过2 500个国会议案;而国会否决总统的否决则只有104次..两个数字如此悬殊;可见;形容国会否决总统次数的副词应该是C．0nly;意为“仅仅”..干扰项词义：A．possibly“可能”；B．even “甚至”；D．simply“简单地、只不过”..72．选D..本题考固定用法..从四个选择项分析;此处所要的词义应该是“后期、晚期”;即“18世纪后期”..英语中对晚期或后期的表达用te和early用法举例：He was born in the late 1950s and was in his early for’ties when he star..ted the shoe business．他出生于20世纪50年代后期..在他开始经营制鞋业时已经四十出头了..73．选D..本题考语篇理解能力..需填写词为动词;所带宾语为the size and cost of the federal government;即联邦政府的规模及其开支..问题在于此处指“扩大”还是“削减”政府的规模或开支..答案可以从下文中得到：在陈述Clinton总统观点时用了cut一词;即“削减”..可见此处当填D．reduce..干扰项词义：A．change“改变”；B．maintain“保持”；C．increase “增加”..74．选D..本题考动词短语..选择动词短语的依据来自对语篇连贯线索的确切理解..下文提到C1inton持有different ideas;即他与国会的意见有分歧;因此答案为D．agree with同意某人的意见、想法..干扰项用法解析：A．agree upon和B．agree on表示“在某件事上取得一致意见”;C．agree to后接动词不定式..用法举例：I don’t agree with you on this point．我不同意你的这个观点..He finally agreed to participate in the experiment．他最终同意了参加实验..至此;全部答案已做完..考生应再重新通读全文;以挑剔的眼光审视所做答案;看它们是否达到了在结构和内容上圆满还原短文的目的..75．选B..本题考宾语从句..前一句提到Clinton总统观点时用了部分否定的句式;即Clinton 总统不完全同意国会关于精简政府和削减开支的意见..换言之;Clinton的总体意见是同意精简政府和削减开支;但在具体细节上与国会有分歧..从下文中可以看到;他们之间的分歧在于“精简哪些部门parts of government”以及“精简的幅度by how much”..因此;先排除C．whose;因为whose parts of government的提法不合逻辑；然后排除不符合“总体上赞成国会意见”的选项;即A．why和D．that；最后确认B．what为正确答案..what parts of government意为“政府的哪些部门”..本句大意：对于国会的计划Clinton总统并非全部赞同;他在政府的哪些部门应该被精简以及开支应削减多少这些问题上持不同观点..Part I TranslationPaper TwoSection A题目精解注意此段短文翻译中被动语态的翻译;并注意句子之间的连贯性..1．本句翻译时;要注意条件状语从句中“If an occupation census had been taken…it would…”的翻译;此句为非真实条件句;表达虚拟语气;应译为“如果……的话;也许会……”;同时要注意定语从句“who drew…”的翻译;应翻译为独立的句子..由于英汉两种语言结构类似;应采用对等翻译法直接翻译..2．本句翻译时;虽然没有条件状语引导词if;但此句所表达的意思相当于非真实条件状语;因此;“…would have revealed．．．”表达虚拟语气;应译为“如果……的话;就会……”;同时要注意过去分词“taken．．．”;“unpaved．．．”和“separated．．．”的翻译;应视为过去分词做定语..由于英汉两种语言结构类似;应采用对等翻译法直接翻译..3．本句翻译时;虽然没有条件状语引导词if;但此句所表达的意思相当于非真实条件状语;因此;“would show…”表达虚拟语气;应译为“如果……的话;就会……”;同时要注意过去分词“taken…”的翻译;应视为过去分词做定语..由于英汉两种语言结构类似;应采用对等翻译法直接翻译..4．本句翻译时;虽然没有条件状语引导词if;但此句所表达的意思相当于非真实条件状语;因此;“would be…”表达虚拟语气;应译为“应该会有……”;同时要注意现在分词“carrying…”的翻译;应视为过去分词做定语;但译成汉语时;采用增词法;要译为一个句子..同时;要注意定语从句“which had．．．”的翻译;应译为一个独立句..由于英汉两种语言结构类似;应采用对等翻译法直接翻译..参考译文：1．如果在11世纪作一项职业调查的话;也许会发现;竞有90％的人住在农村;依靠农耕、放牧、捕鱼或靠采伐谋生..2．当时如果航拍一张照片的话;可以看到未经铺设的道路连接的散落村子;中间隔着一片片的森林或沼泽..3．十四世纪中叶所拍的第二张照片可以看到;村庄越来越多了;而且散开了;因为欧洲人通过开辟新的土地;将边疆扩大了..4．道路上和江海上往来的人多了;他们把粮食或原料运往城镇..城镇的数目多了;规模大了;重要性也增加了..5．其次;这一广阔地区的居民无法用我们的标准模式去进行划分;他们也不是一成不变.. Section B题目精解注意此段短文翻译中修辞手法的翻译;并注意句子之问的连贯性..此短文中;句子“这让我觉得很新鲜”译成英语时;要注意汉语的后重心和英语的前重心特点;翻译时要采用句型转换法来翻译;故译为“I find it refreshing that…”..参考译文：As a jazz lover; I find it refreshing that many Chinese pop stars are beginning to be influenced by jazz; and are including jazzy rhythms and harmonies in their songs. However; incorporating jazz elements into pop music does not make it jazz; any more than putting chili pepper into a MacDonald's hamburger turns it into Sichuan cuisine.Part II参考作文Can We Profit More from Computer and InternetComputer and Internet are said to be the biggest wonders ever made by man. They have brought us enormous profits and convenience. But so far still not many Chinese can get access to them. What is the real problemIn my opinion; it involves two sides. The first side lies in the computer and Internet workers. Though technically quite advanced in China; the system is far from being popular for ordinary users. For example; in the west; people can do many kinds of professional jobs at home.E-business and online libraries become a common social service. When traveling; people can book flight tickets and hotel rooms online. Yet; most of Chinese users use the system just to send emails or play games. The other side comes from the traditional opinion on the online practice.Many people prefer to read the newspapers to online news. Therefore; I would like to suggest that online technology should be made more popular for general users to increase their materialspiritual wealth more efficiently.。

2010年在职申硕(同等学力)英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2010年在职申硕(同等学力)英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2010年在职申硕（同等学力）英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Dialogue Communication 3. V ocabulary 4. Reading Comprehension 5. Cloze 7. Translation 9. WritingPaper OneDialogue CommunicationSection ADirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1．A：Can you take over for me here for a little while? I have a friend coming to see me．B：I’d like to，but______Ask Peter，he’s not so occupied at this moment．A．how can I do it?B．that’s alright．C．I have my hands full．D．that’s impossible．正确答案：C解析：A：你能在这儿替我一会儿吗?我有个朋友要来看我。

A项“我怎么做?”B项“好吧!”C项“我正在忙。

”D项“那不可能。

”根据B回答的后半句，“你问问皮特吧，他现在不忙”，可以判断出他想让A问问皮特能不能帮他。

2010年同等学力申硕英语真题参考答案

2010年同等学力申硕英语真题参考答案

2010 年同等学力英语真题答案Paper One1. C2. B3. A4. B5. C6. D 7 . B 8 .A 9 . C 10. B 11. C 12. B 13. D 14. D 15. A 16. C 17. A 18. A 19. D 20. C 21. C 22. B 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. D 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. A 34. C 35. C 36. A 37. D 38. A 39. A 40. B 41. C 42. B 43. A 44. B 45. D 46. D 47. B 48 .D 49. A 50. D 51. B 52. C 53. D 54. C 55.A 56. D 57. C 58. B 59. C 60. D 61. B 62. D 63. A 64. B 65. C 66. D 67. D 68. A 69. B 70. C 71. B 72. D 73. B 74. D 75. CPaper TwoPart I TranslationSection A参考译文生态系统就是一个动植物群体，这个群体生活在特定区域，而且彼此之间以及与它们的环境之间相互影响。

生态系统包括物理的和化学的成分，例如，土壤、水以及供给有机体生活的养分。

这些有机体中既有巨型动物也有小的微生物细菌。

生态系统也可以被看做是特定区域中所有有机体的互动；例如，一个物种可能是另外一个物种的食物。

人类也是他们生活和工作的生态系统的一部分。

人类的活动会伤及甚至破坏当地的生态系统，除非诸如用于住房或商业发展的土地政策认真地考虑了去保护和维持当地的生态系统。

Section B参考译文As a new trend of economic and social development, globalization has brought opportunities as well as challenges to China. On one hand, China is becoming the centre of the world manufacture industry and is playing an increasingly important role in the international stage. On the other hand, we are facing the problem on how to develop the economy and sustain the excellent cultural tradition in the course of globalization.Part II Writing参考译文The Value of FailureIn the above story, the writer is really a great man. He devoted great energy to writing the draft of his masterpiece, however, the draft was destroyed because of other’s carelessness. Facing the painful result, the writer kept his high spirits instead of losing his heart. He was so confident to treat the failure and never gave up, which impressed me most.We should learn from this great writer. It is true that life is full of difficulties and setbacks. What should we do when we are faced with something disappointing? From my perspective, on one hand, we should not get frustrated. On the other hand, we should try our best to draw lessons from failure. Only in this way will we achieve success in the future.In a word, let’s remember the old saying “Failure is the mother of success”. When we suffer failure, we should believe that success is not far away. If we hold a positive attitude towards failure, we will overcome difficulties and frustrations and win easily.。

2010同等学力申硕英语真题解析

2010同等学力申硕英语真题解析

2010同等学力申硕英语真题（二卷）全面解析各位同学大家好！昨天我们结束了非常紧张的2010年同等学力申硕考试，那么我们联合学苑教育给大家把同等学力申硕英语考试二卷部分做一个解析，二卷部分是主观题，也是各位学员最关心的问题，那么写出来完全凭借大家自己的一种自身知识的积累和能力，来获得老师对英语水平的认可，今天我们就二卷部分，也就是我们的翻译部分和作文部分，给大家第一时间做一个我们专业方面的一些建议，让大家回顾一下自己的考试，看大家考试的成果到底怎么样。

我们现在直接看二卷的Part1第一个部分，Translation，和去年的题型没有什么区别，第一个部分SectionA，我们是什么？这个给出一篇中文让大家将它翻译成英文，我们大致拿到题先浏览一遍，首先看到第一个词就是我们的key word，什么key word？ecosystem生态系统，对不对？看到这个词儿我们就知道这篇文章既跟环保，也和一定的科技因素相关的一个内容的一个文章，那么大概有了一个方向之后，我们来仔细的看，之前我们包括我在内，给大家讲课的时候，也强调过看到这个文章无论是难还是简单，大家都不要紧张，首先树立起这个信心是很重要的，用不着担心它是难还是容易，因为它的难度不会超过大家所能理解的范围。

先拿到这个文章，首先做的第一个要求，先把英文给它理顺了，怎么理顺？就是找它的主干，主干是什么？就是主语和谓语，那么先看第一句，第一个句号在什么位置？第一个句号结束在environment，结束在环境的部分，那么先看，无疑第一个关键的单词，生态系统就是它的什么？主语吧！之后出现了is，一个系动词做整个主句的谓语，然后一组动植物，我们看第一句话里面有没有生僻的单词，如果大家ecosystem没有问题的话，后面的单词应该没有什么太多的问题，specific具体的、详细的、特殊的，对不对？region and interacting，关键考大家的interacting，interacting作为一个前缀什么意思？有很多类似组词的组词的方式，international国际间的，就是说两者或者是两者以上的很多之间，互相应该。

2010年同等学力英语考试真题及详解

2010年同等学力英语考试真题及详解

2010年同等学力英语考试真题及详解2010年同等学力人员申请硕士学位外国语水平全国统一考试英语试卷一 APaper One (90 minutes)Part I Dialogue Communication (10 minutes, 10 points)Part ⅡVocabulary (20 minutes, 10 points)Part ⅢReading Comprehension (45 minutes, 30 points)Part ⅣCloze (15 minutes, 15 points)考生须知1．本考试分试卷一和试卷二两部分。

试卷一满分65分，考试时间为90分钟，9:00开始，10:30结束；试卷二满分35分，考试时间为60分钟，10：30开始，11：30结求。

本考试及格标准为总分60分，其中试卷二不低于18分。

2．请考生务必将本人考号最后两位数字填写在本页右上角方框内。

3．本试卷一为A型试卷，请将答案用2B铅笔填涂在A型答题卡上，答在其它类型答题卡或试卷上的无效。

答题前，请核对答题卡是否为A型卡，若不是，请要求监考员予以更换。

4．在答题卡上正确的填涂方法为：在答案所代表的字母上划线，如[A] [B][C][D]。

5．监考员宣布试卷一考试结束后，请停止答试卷一，将试卷一和试卷二答题卡反扣在自己的桌面上，继续做试卷二。

监考员将到座位上收取试卷一和试卷二答题卡。

6．监考员收卷过程中，考生须配合监考员验收，并请监考员在准考证上签字（作为学生交卷的凭据）。

否则，若发生答卷遗失，责任由考生自负。

Paper One试卷一(90 minutes)Part I Dialogue Communication (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 for each)Section A Dialogue CompletionDirections: In this section, you will read5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue: Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET．1．A: Can you take over for me here for a little while? I have a friend coming to see me．B: I'd like to, but ________ Ask Peter, he's not so occupied at this moment．A．how can I do it? B．that's alright．C．I have my hands full．D．that's impossible．2．A: To get an outside line, just dial 0 and the phone number. Or we can place a call for you, if you want．B: No, thanks a lot．________A．Just put me through．B．I'll try it myself．C．I'd rather not．D．I'llappreciate your help．3．A: Now, it's just work, work, work. I work hard all day every day．B: Oh, come on．________ You're making a good salary now．A．Don't complain．B．Sorry to hear about it．C．Anything I can do for you? D．What's your plan?4．A: Pamela, can you come to a meeting on Friday?B: ________ Let me check my schedule. When are you having it?A．No big deal．B．I'm not sure．C．Can I? D．Sure thing!5．A: I'm really getting fed up with the salespersons who keep calling．B: ________A．I hope it's nothing serious．B．They are so stupid!C．So am I. It's so annoying．D．Youare right. Forget it．Section B Dialogue Comprehension 6．Man: I've figured it all out. It looks like it'll take us about 5 hours to drive from here to Chicago．Woman: It'd be more relaxing to take the train. But I guess we should watch our expenses．Question: What does the woman imply?A．She likes to drive when she travels．B．She doesn't want to go to Chicago．C．She doesn't know the cost of the train trip．D．It's cheaper to go to Chicago by car．7．Man: How about the examination last week?Woman: If I'd got more time, I could have made it．Question: What does the woman imply?A．She was asked to take another examination．B．She failed the examination last week．C．She did quite well in the examination．D．She didn't take the examination last week．8．Man: Harvard or the State University, have you decided yet?Woman: Well, I'd rather be a big fish in a small pond．Question: Which university is the woman likely to choose?A．The State University．B．Harvard．C．Neither．D．She hasn't decided yet．9．Man: I've just found a great location to open a new shop．Woman: But you haven't researched the market. Don't you think this is putting the cart before the horse?Question: What does the woman mean?A．The man shouldn't make the decision so quickly．B．It's too risky to choose such a location．C．The man is doing things in the wrong order．D．It's possible for him to make a better choice．10．Woman: My results are a bit flattering because I've had quite a lot of luck．Man: Nonsense, you're head and shoulders above the others in your group．Question: What does the man think is the reason for the woman's success?A．She's really lucky．B．She's far better than the others．C．She's got the others' support．D: She's been working hard．Part ⅡVocabulary (20 minutes, 10 points, 0．5 for each)Section ADirections: In this section there are 10sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the 4 choices marked A. B. C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET．11．Betty was offended because she felt that her friends had ignored her purposefully at the party．A．desperately B．definitelyC．deliberately D．decisively 12．There has been enough playing around, so let's get down to business．A．make a deal B．begin our workC．reach an agreement D．change our plan13．How is it possible for our human body to convert yesterday's lunch into today's muscle?A．alter B．developC．modify D．turn14．It is important for families to observe their traditions even as their children get older．A．notice B．watchC．follow D．celebrate15．It is difficult to comprehend．but everything you have ever seen, smelt, heard or felt is merely your brain's interpretation of incoming stimuli．A．explanation B．evaluationC．recognition D．interruption 16．Life is more important than the pressures and stresses that we place on ourselves over work and other commitments．A．appointments B．arrangementsC．obligations D．devotions17．If you continue to indulge in computer games like this, your future will be at stake．A．in danger B．without questionC．on guard D．at large 18．Romantic novels, as opposed to realistic ones, lend to present idealized versions of life,often with a happy ending．A．in contrast to B．in regard toC．in terms of D．in light of19．Most people would agree that, although our age far surpasses all previous ages in knowledge, there has been no correlative increase in wisdom．A．improves B．precedesC．imposes D．exceeds20．Many students today display a disturbing willingness to choose institutions and careers on the basis of earning potential．A．offensive B．depressive C．troublesome D．tiresomeSection BDirections: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on yourmachine-scoring ANSWER SHEET．21．My oldest son had just finished an ________ holiday stay prior to moving to a new state, a new job, and the next chapter in his life．A．enlarged B．expandedC．extended D．increased 22．Blacks and American Indians ________ less than 10% of students in the top 30 business schools, while they are about 28% of the U. S. population．A．make up B．take upC．reach out D．turn out23．With demand continuing to rise in ________ economies such as China and India, energy traders believe that oil futures are a good bet．A．employing B．emergingC．embracing D．emitting24．Laws and regulations in each country have to be made ________ the constitution of the country．A．in honor of B．in memory ofC．in return for D．in line with 25．The jury's ________ was that the accused was guilty．A．verdict B．sentenceC．trial D．debate26．In English learning, a ________ cycle occurs when a student makes more errors after being scolded．A．vertical B．viciousC．vivid D．vigorous27．Isn't it ________ when you learn something you've never known before?A．cool B．crazyC．cold D．cute28．There are several factors ________ the rapid growth of sales promotion, particularly in consumer markets．A．resorting to B．appealing toC．applying to D．contributing to 29．The Internet has been developing at a speed ________ people's expectations in thepast two decades．A．over B．ofC．under D．beyond30．It is obvious that the sports games are no longer amateur affairs; they have become professionally ________ ．A．laid off B．laid outC．put off D．put outPart ⅢReading Comprehension (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 for each)Directions: There are 5 passages in thispart. Each passage is followedby 6 questions or unfinishedstatements. For each of themthere are 4 choices marked A, B,C and D. Choose the best oneand mark the correspondingletter with a single bar acrossthe square brackets on yourmachine-scoring ANSWERSHEET．Passage OneLoneliness has been linked to depression and other health problems. Now, a study says it can also spread．A friend of a lonely person was 52% more likely to develop feelings of loneliness. And a friend of that friend was 25% more likely to do the same．Earlier findings showed that happiness, fatness and the ability to stop smoking can also grow like infections within social groups. The findings all come from a major health study in the American town of Framingham, Massachusetts．The study began in 1948 to investigate the causes of heart disease. Since then, more tests have been added, including measures of loneliness and depression．The new findings involved more than 5,000 people in the second generation of the Framingham Heart Study. The researchers examined friendship histories and reports ofloneliness. The results established a parted that spread as people reported fewer close friends．For example, loneliness can affect relationships between next-door neighbors. The loneliness spreads as neighbors who were close friends now spend less time together. The study also found that loneliness spreads more easily among women than men．Researchers from the University of Chicago, Harvard and the University of California, San Diego, did the study. The findings appeared last month in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology．The average person is said to experience feelings of loneliness about 48 days a year. The study found that having a lonely friend can add about 17 days. But every additional friend can decrease loneliness by about 5%, or two and a half days．Lonely people become less and less trusting of others. This makes it more andmore difficult for them to make friends-and more likely that society will reject them．John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago led the study. He says it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness. He says people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks．The aim should be to aggressively create what he calls a “protective barrier”against loneliness. This barrier, he says, can keep the whole network from coming apart．31．Besides loneliness, which of the following can also spread among people?A．Friendship．B．Happiness．C．Depression．D．Smoking．32．The Framingham Heart Study starting from 1948 ________ ．A．expanded its research topicsB．involved 5,000 patients of depressionC．identified loneliness as one keyfactor for heart diseaseD．examined the relationship between loneliness and depression33．Which of the following is true about the spread of loneliness?A．It leads to a gradual loss of friends．B．It is a common phenomenon among women．C．It is often found in the neighborhood．D．It ruins the relationships between close friends．34．Having a lonely friend, you are more likely to ________ ．A．strengthen your friendshipB．develop new friendshipC．increase the sense of lonelinessD．reduce the sense of loneliness 35．According to John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago, loneliness can ________ ．A．result in aggressivenessB．cause people to be overprotectiveC．infect social networksD．push people to the verge of poverty 36．What is the main idea of the passage?A．Loneliness can spread．B．Loneliness is linked to depression．C．Lonely people tend to grow fat．D．Lonely people need more friends．Passage TwoCalifornia has a new program called the Digital Textbook Initiative．“Starting this fall with high school math and science, we will be the first state in the nation to provide schools with a state-approved list of digital textbooks．”That was Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger in June，talking about his effort to get schools to use materials available free online. He listed reasons why he thinks digital textbooks make sense．California approves traditional textbooks in six-year eyeless. Digital ones can offer the latest information. They lighten the load ofschool bags. They save paper and trees, and make learning more fun and interactive. And above all, he said, they help schools with their finances．The state has had to make severe cuts in school spending because of deep financial problems. More than six million students attend California public schools．Earlier this year, California invited content developers to offer digital math and science materials for high schools. These had to meet at least 90% of the state's learning requirements. Specially trained teachers examined 16 textbooks and approved ten of them．Six of the ten were published by the CK 12 Foundation, a nonprofit group that had been developing digital science and math books for about two years. The foundation paid teachers and other education professionals to write and edit them. The money came from a group financed by theKhosla Family．California cannot require schools to use the digital textbooks. Individual school districts will have to decide for themselves．Susan Martimo, a California Department of Education official, says she does not expect widespread use right away, Her best guess is that some schools with a lot of technology will be the first to use them, but only in addition to their traditional books．School administrators point out that the texts may be free online, but students need a way to access them. Not everyone has a computer or electronic reader. Schools could print out copies, but that would not help the environment. Also, there is the cost to train teachers to use digital textbooks effectively．37．The Digital Textbook Initiative ________ ．A．will probably take effect in six yearsB．covers all the high school subjectsC．has been approved by all statesD．is advocated by California state governor38．The main reason for promoting digital textbooks is to ________ ．A．help save moneyB．benefit the environmentC．provide interesting materialsD．reduce students' heavy burden 39．The digital textbooks were approved by ________ ．A．trained teachers B．content developersC．Khosla Family D．CK 12 Foundation 40．What is true of CK 12 Foundation?A．It produced 16 digital textbooks．B．It paid teachers to write digital textbooks．C．It is financed by California state government．D．It makes money through developing digital textbooks．41．According to Susan Martimo, digitaltextbooks ________ ．A．are not likely to have a widespread useB．will soon replace traditional onesC．will first be adopted by well-equipped schoolsD．are certain to be approved by school districts42．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ________ ．A．schools are reluctant to print out copiesB．the use of digital textbooks is not really freeC．students need to pay for computersD．training teachers to use the textbooks is not efficientPassage ThreeDoctors in Britain are warning of an obesity time bomb, when children who are already overweight grow up. So, what should we do? Exercise more? Eat less? Or both?The government feels it has to take responsibility for this expanding problem．The cheerful Mr Pickwick, the hero of the novel by Charles Dickens, is seen in illustrations as someone who is plump(胖乎乎的)—and happy. In 18th century paintings beauty is equated with rounded bodies and soft curves. But nowadays being overweight. is seen as indicating neither a cheerful character nor beauty but an increased risk of heart, disease and stroke．So what do you do? Diet? Not according to England's chief medical officer, Sir Liam Donaldson. He says that physical activity is the key for reducing the risks of obesity, cancer and heart disease. And the Health Secretary John Reid even said that being inactive is as serious a risk factor in heart disease as smoking．So, having bought some cross trainers, how much exercise should you do? According to Sir Liam Donaldson, at least 30 minutes ofmoderate activity five days a week. Is going to the gym the answer? Luckily for those who find treadmills (跑步机)tedious, the Health Development Agency believes that physical activity that fits into people's lives may be more effective. They suggest taking the stairs rather than the lift, walking up escalators, playing active games with your children, dancing or gardening. And according to a sports psychologist, Professor Biddle, gyms 'are not making the nation fit', and may even cause harm．There's new scientific evidence that too much exercise may actually be bad for you. Scientists at the University of Ulster have found that unaccustomed exercise releases dangerous free radicals that can adversely affect normal function in unfit people. The only people who should push their bodices to that lever of exercise on a regular basis are trained athletes．So, should we forget about gyms and followsome experts' advice to increase exercise in our daily life? After all getting off the bus a stop early and walking the rest of the way can't do any harm! One final thought. How come past generations lacked gym facilities but were leaner and fitter than people today'?43．This passage is mainly about ________ ．A．how to keep fit and avoid fatnessB．increased risks for overweight peopleC．the dangers of exercise in the gymD．the benefit of a balanced diet 44．What does “this expanding problem”(Para．1) refer to?A．The slow growing up of overweight children．B．The obesity time bomb warned of by doctors．C．Too little exercise and too much diet．D．Neglect of the health issue by the government．45．Why does the author mention Mr Pickwick in Charles Dickens' novel?A．He was portrayed in an 18th century painting．B．He is the hero of a world famous novel．C．He suffered from heart disease and stroke．D．He is the image of being plump and happy．46．According to Sir Liam Donaldson, what is the best way to avoid obesity?A．Being on diet．B．Giving up smoking．C．Being as inactive as possible．D．Doing physical activities．47．Which of the following is NOT recommended by the Health Development Agency?A．Walking up escalators, dancing or gardening．B．Going to the gym to walk on treadmills．C．Taking the stairs rather than the lift．D．Playing active games with your children．48．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ________ ．A．too much exercise may actually be bad for healthB．experts' advice cannot be always followedC．past generations longed for gym facilities we have todayD．moderate daily-life exercise can make us leaner and fitterPassage FourA metaphor is a poetic device that deals with comparison. It compares similar qualities of two dissimilar objects. With a simple metaphor, one object becomes the other: Love is a rose. Although this does not sound like a particularly rich image, a metaphor can communicate so much about aparticular image that poets use them more than any other type of figurative language. The reason for this is that poets compose their poetry to express what they are experiencing emotionally at that moment. Consequently, what the poet imagines love to be may or may not be our perception of love. Therefore, the poet's job is to enable us to experience it, to feel it the same way as the poet does．Let's analyze this remarkably unsophisticated metaphor concerning love and the rose to see what it offers. Because the poet uses a comparison with a rose, first we must examine the characteristics of that flower. A rose is spectacular in its beauty, its petals (花瓣) are nicely soft, and its smell is pleasing. It's possible to say that a rose is actually a feast to the senses of sight, touch, and smell. The rose's appearance seems to border on perfection, each petal seemingly symmetrical in form. Isn't this the way one's love should be? A loved one should be adelight to one's senses and seem perfect. However, there is another dimension added to the comparison by using a rose. Roses have thorns. The poet wants to convey the idea that roses can be tricky. So can love, the metaphor tell us. When one reaches out with absolute trust to touch the object of his or her affection, ouch, a thorn can cause great harm! “Be careful,”the metaphor warns: Love is a feast to the senses, but it can overwhelm us, and it can also hurt us and cause acute suffering. This is the poet's perception of love-an admonition(劝诫)．What is the point? Just this: It took almost 14 sentences to clarify what a simple metaphor communicates in only four words! That is the artistry and the joy of the simple metaphor．49．According to the passage, what is a metaphor?A．A comparison between two different objects with similar features．B．A contrast between two different things to create a vivid image．C．A description of two similar objects in a poetic way．D．A literary device specially employed in poetry writing．50．The main idea of this passage is that ________ ．A．rose is a good image in poetryB．love is sweet and pleasingC．metaphor is ambiguousD．metaphor is a great poetic device 51．It can be inferred from the passage that a metaphor is ________ ．A．difficult to understand B．rich in meaningC．not precise enough D．like a flower 52．As is meant by the author, thorns of a rose ________ ．A．protect the rose from harmB．symbolize reduced loveC．add a new element to the image of loveD．represent objects of one's affection 53．The meaning of the love-is-a-rose metaphor is that ________ ．A．love is a true joyB．true love comes once in a lifetimeC．love does not last longD．love is both good and bad experiences 54．According to the passage, poetry is intended to ________ ．A．release anger B．entertain the readersC．express poets' ideas D．reward the sensesPassage FiveSome 23 million additional U. S．residents are expected to become more regular users of the U. S．health care system in the next several years, thanks to the passage of health care reform. Digitizing medical data has been promoted as one way to help the already burdened system manage the surge in patients. But putting people'shealth information in databases and online is going to do more than simply reduce redundancies. It is already shifting the very way we seek and receive health care．“he social dynamics of care are changing,”says John Gomez, vice president of Eclipsys, a medical information technology company. Most patients might not yet be willing to share their latest CT scan images over Facebook, he notes, but many parents post their babies' ultrasound images, and countless patients nowadays use social networking sites to share information about conditions, treatments and doctors．With greater access to individualized health information-whether that is through a formal electronic medical record、 a self-created personal health record or a quick instant-messaging session with a physician-the traditional roles of doctors and patients are undergoing a rapid transition．“For as long as we've known, health carehas been 'I go to the physician, and they tell me what to do, and I do it”says Nitu Kashyap. a physician and research fellow at the Yale Center for Medical Informatics. Soon more patients will be arriving at a hospital or doctor's office having reviewed their own record, latest test results and recommended articles about their health concerns. And even more individuals will be able to skip that visit altogether, instead sending a text message or e-mail to their care provider or consulting a personal health record or smart-phone application to answer their questions．These changes will be strengthened by the nationwide shift to electronic medical records, which has already begun. Although the majority of U. S．hospitals and doctors' offices are still struggling to start the changeover, many patients already have electronic medical records-and some even have partial access to them. The My Chartprogram, in use at Cleveland Clinic, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas and other facilities, is a Web portal (门户) through which patients can see basic medical information as well as some test results．Medical data is getting a new digital life, and it is jump-starting a “fundamental change in how care is provided,”Gomez says．55．Which of the following is the best title for this passage?A．The Future of Your Medical DataB．Challenges Against Doctors and HospitalsC．Benefits of the U. S．Health Care ReformD．How to Access and Share Your Health Information56．Putting patient information in databases and online ________ ．A．enables more Americans to join thehealth care systemB．contributes to the passage of health care reformC．increases the burden of the U. S．health care systemD．changes how people seek and receive health care57．According to John Gomez, many patients use social networking sites to ________ ．A．change their social interactionsB．post their latest CT scan imagesC．share information about their health careD．show their babies' recent pictures 58．Which of the following is NOT changing the traditional roles of doctors and patients?A．A formal electronic medical record．B．An easier access to information online．C．A self-created personal health record．D．A quick instant-messaging session with a doctor．59．According to Nitu Kashyap, more patients in the future will ________ ．A．refuse to follow their doctors' adviceB．be more dependent on their doctorsC．leave out their visit to doctors' offices and hospitalsD．have their health conditions examined through e-mail60．It is stated in the passage that ________ ．A．nationwide digitalization of medical data will begin soonB．most of U. S．hospitals and doctors are against the shiftC．patients are worried about the security of their health informationD．patients are starting to make use of their electronic medical recordsPart ⅣCloze (15 minutes, 15 points, I for each)Directions: In this part, there is a passage with 15 blanks. For each blank thereare 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D．Choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET．Are you single but too busy to search for love? Then you need to try the latest dating phenomenon that is sweeping 61 the UK-speed dating．Speed dating 62 men and women meeting in a room and finding out as much as they can about possible 63 in three minutes. It's proving very 64 with Britain's young people who find that they haven't got the time to meet that special one．At a speed dating event you are given three minutes to talk, 65 , with a member of the opposite sex. Then a bell is 66 and you move to another person and start chatting again. By the end of the evening you will have spoken with up to twenty men or women!If, by the end of a conversation, you 67 the person or would like to see him or her again, you write it 68 on a card．Then, if the other person also fancies you, the organizers will contact you with their details．But is three minutes long enough to make an impression and 69 if you want to see someone again? Research suggests that 70 can be felt within the first thirty seconds of meeting someone, and that is 71 speed dating is all about, knowing quickly if you are going to like someone．And what about romance? Is it possible to make a good 72 in such a short time?73 , people say you can't hurry love. However, Britain will soon have its first marriage from a speed date．So, if you are on a 74 to find Mr. or Miss Right, what have you got to lose? 75 , you still go home on your own. But at best, the person of your dreams could be just three。

在职申硕(同等学力)英语真题试卷及答案

在职申硕(同等学力)英语真题试卷及答案

在职申硕(同等学力)英语真题试卷及答案在职申硕（同等学力）英语真题试卷及答案一、阅读理解Passage 11. 【答案】A. reduce individual energy consumption.2. 【答案】D. discourage the construction of urban settlements.3. 【答案】C. it increases energy consumption.4. 【答案】C. areas with convenient public transportation.5. 【答案】B. make public transportation more accessible.Passage 26. 【答案】D. They allow for more creative thinking.7. 【答案】D. It limits the range of learning possibilities.8. 【答案】A. Increase the flexibility of the formal education system.9. 【答案】B. They complement each other.10. 【答案】C. Gain a broader understanding of the world.Passage 311. 【答案】D. Some employees might feel inadequate compared to others.12. 【答案】C. Providing them with training opportunities.13. 【答案】A. It provides a source of motivation and inspiration.14. 【答案】B. Encouraging employees to learn from each other.15. 【答案】D. Maintain a healthy work-life balance.二、完形填空16. 【答案】C. discovered17. 【答案】A. creation18. 【答案】D. praise19. 【答案】B. perspective20. 【答案】D. explore21. 【答案】C. forces22. 【答案】B. conveyed23. 【答案】A. possess24. 【答案】B. countless25. 【答案】D. strength26. 【答案】C. intense27. 【答案】A. promoting28. 【答案】D. thus29. 【答案】B. in return30. 【答案】C. leadership三、语法填空31. 【答案】to fight32. 【答案】that/which33. 【答案】but34. 【答案】in35. 【答案】had been exhausted36. 【答案】since37. 【答案】attracting38. 【答案】with39. 【答案】workers40. 【答案】to survive四、短文改错41. 【答案】latter → latterly42. 【答案】beginning → began43. 【答案】knowledge → knowledgeable44. 【答案】helpful → helpfully45. 【答案】when → where46. 【答案】safety → safely47. 【答案】better → best48. 【答案】else → otherwise49. 【答案】have experienced五、写作参考范文：In recent years, the number of people pursuing a Master's degree while working full-time has been steadily increasing, with the same standards as those who study full-time. This trend can be attributed to the numerous benefits it offers, including career advancement opportunities, personal development, and financial reasons.Firstly, one of the main advantages of pursuing a Master's degree while working is the opportunity for career advancement. In today's competitive job market, having a higher level of education is often a requirement for higher positions or promotions. By obtaining a Master's degree, individuals can enhance their skills and knowledge, making them more competitive and desirable to employers. This can open up new career opportunities and help them climb the corporate ladder.Secondly, pursuing a Master's degree while working allows individuals to continue their personal development. Education is not only about gaining knowledge but also about personal growth. Through academic studies, people can improve their critical thinking abilities, communication skills, and problem-solving capabilities. These skills are transferable and can benefit individuals in various aspects of their lives, both personally and professionally.Additionally, financial reasons play a significant role in the decision to pursue a Master's degree while working. Studying full-time often requires individuals to give up their jobs, resulting in a loss of income. By choosing to study while working, individuals can maintain a stable income while obtaining a higher degree. This provides financial security and reduces the burden of student loans or other forms of financial assistance.However, pursuing a Master's degree while working also presents challenges. The juggling act of balancing work, studies, and personal commitments can be demanding and often requires exceptional time management skills and discipline. It may require individuals to sacrifice leisure time and personal relationships. Nonetheless, with proper planning and dedication, it is possible to overcome these challenges and reap the benefits of this unique educational path.In conclusion, pursuing a Master's degree while working offers numerous advantages, including career advancement opportunities, personal development, and financial stability. It provides individuals with the chance to enhance their skills, expand their knowledge, and remain competitive inthe job market. Despite the challenges it may present, with determination and perseverance, this educational path can lead to a brighter future.。

2010年同等学力英语真题及详解_by_tigeress

2010年同等学力英语真题及详解_by_tigeress

Paper One 试卷一（90minutes）PartⅠDialogue Communication (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 for each)Section A Dialogue CompletionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1. A: Can you take over for me here for a little while? I have a friend coming to see me.B: I’d like to, but______ Ask Peter, he’s not so occupied at this moment.A. how can I do it？B. that’s alright.C. I have my hands full.D. that’s impossible.2. A: To get an outside line, just dial 0 and the phone number. Or we can placea call for you, if you want.B: No, thanks a lot. ________A. Just put me through.B. I’ll try it myself.C. I’d rather not.D. I’ll appreciate your help.3. A: Now，it’s just work, work, work. I work hard all day, every day.B: Oh, come on. _________You’re making a good salary now.A. Don’t complain.B. Sorry to hear about itC. Anything I can do for you？D. What’s your plan?4. A: Pamela，can you come to a meeting on Friday？B: _______ let me check my schedule. When are you having it？A. No big deal.B. I’m not sure.C. Can I？D. Sure thing！5. A: I’m really getting fed up with the salespersons who keep calling.B: _________A. I hope it’s nothing serious.B. They are so stupid！C. So am I. It’s so annoying.D. Y ou are right. Forget it. Section B Dialogue ComprehensionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the 4 choices by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.6. Man: I’ve figured it all out. It looks like it’ll take us about 5 hours to d rive from here to Chicago.Woman: It’d be more relaxing to take the train. But I guess we should watch our expenses.Question: What does the woman imply?A. She likes to drive when she travels.B. She doesn’t want to go to Chicago.C. She doesn’t kno w the cost of the train trip.D. It’s cheaper to go to Chicago by car.7. Man: How about the examination last week?Woman: If I’d got more time, I could have made it.Question: What does the woman imply？A. She was asked to take another examinationB. She failed the examination last week.C. She did quite well in the examination.D. She didn’t take the examination last week.8.Man: Harvard or the State University, have you decided yet？Woman: Well, I’d rather be a big fish in a small pond.Question: Which university is the woman likely to choose?A. The State University.B. Harvard.C. Neither.D. She hasn’t decided yet.9. Man: I’ve just found a great location to open a new shop.Women: But you haven’t researched the market. Don’t you think this is putting the cart before the horse？Question: What does the woman mean？A. The man shouldn’t make the decision so quickly.B. It’s too risky to choose such a location.C. The man is doing things in the wrong order.D. It’s po ssible for him to make a better choice.10. Women: My results are a bit flattering because I’ve had quite a lot of luck.Man: Nonsense, you’re head and shoulders above the others in your group.Question: What does the man think is the reason for the woman’s success?A. She’s really lucky.B. She’s far better than the others.C. She’s got the others’ support.D. She’s been working hard.Part II Vocabulary (20 minutes, 10 points, 0.5 for each)Section ADirections:In this section, there are 10 sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.11. Betty was offended because she felt that her friends had ignored her purposefully at the party.A. desperatelyB. definitelyC. deliberatelyD. decisively12. There has been enough playing around, so let’s get down to busines s.A. make a dealB. begin our workC. reach an agreementD. change our plan13. How is it possible for our human body to convert yesterday’s lunch into today’s muscle？A. alterB. developC. modifyD. turn14. It is important for families to observe their traditions even as their children get older. A. notice B. watch C. follow D. celebrate15. It is difficult to comprehend, but everything you have ever seen, smelt, heard or felt is merely your brain’s interpretation of incoming stimuli.A. explanationB. evaluationC. recognitionD. interruption16. Life is more important than the pressures and stresses that we place on ourselves over work and other commitments.A. appointmentsB. arrangementsC. obligationsD. devotions17. If you continue to indulge in computer games like this, your future will be at stake.A. in dangerB. without questionC. on guardD. at large18. Romantic novels, as opposed to realistic ones, tend to present idealized versions of life, often with a happy ending.A. in contrast toB. in regard toC. in terms ofD. in light of19. Most people would agree that, although our age far surpasses all previous ages in knowledge, there has been no correlative increase in wisdom.A. improvesB. precedesC. imposesD. exceeds20. Many students today display a disturbing willingness to choose institutions and careers on the basis of earning potential.A. offensiveB. depressiveC. troublesomeD. tiresomeSection BDirections: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.21. My oldest son had just finished a (an) _________ holiday stay prior to moving to a new state, a new job, and the next chapter in his life.A. enlargedB. expandedC. extendedD. increased22. Blacks and American Indians _________ less than 10% of students in the top 30 business schools, while they are about 28% of the U.S. population.A. make upB. take upC. reach outD. turn out23. With demand continuing to rise in _________ economies such as China and India, energy traders believe that oil futures are a good bet.A. employingB. emergingC. embracingD. emitting24. Laws and regulations in each country have to be made __________ the constitution of the country.A. in honor ofB. in memory ofC. in return ofD. in line with25. The jury’s _______ was that the accused was guilty.A. verdictB. sentenceC. trialD. debate26. In English learning, a ______ cycle occurs when a student makes more errors after being scolded.A. verticalB. viciousC. vividD. vigorous27. Isn’t it _________ when you learn something you’ve never known before？A. coolB. crazyC. coldD. cute28. There are several factors _______the rapid growth of sales promotion, particularly in consumer markets.A. resorting toB. appealing toC. applying toD. contributing to29. The Internet has been developing at a speed ________ people’s expectations in the past two decades.A. overB. ofC. underD. beyond30. It is obvious that the sports games are no longer amateur affairs; they have become professionally________.A. laid offB. laid outC. put offD. put outPart III Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 for each) Directions: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 6 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.Passage OneLoneliness has been linked to depression and other health problems. Now, a study says it can also spread. A friend of a lonely person was 52% more likely to develop feelings of loneliness. And a friend of that friend was 25% more likely to do the same. Earlier findings showed that happiness, fatness and the ability to stop smoking can also grow like infections within social groups. The findings all come from a major health study in the American town of Framingham, Massachusetts.The study began in 1948 to investigate the causes of heart disease. Since then, more tests have been added, including measures of loneliness and depression. The new findings involved more than 5,000 people in the second generation of the Framingham Heart Study. The researchers examined friendship histories and reports of loneliness. The results established a pattern that spread as people reported fewer close friends.For example，loneliness can affect relationships between next-door neighbors. The loneliness spreads as neighbors who were close friends now spend less time together. The study also found that loneliness spreads more easily among women than men.Researchers from the University of Chicago, Harvard and the University of California, San Diego, did the study. The findings appeared last month in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.The average person is said to experience feelings of loneliness about 48 days a year. The study found that having a lonely friend can add about 17 days. But every additional friend can decrease loneliness by about 5%, or two and a half days.Lonely people become less and less trusting of others. This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends—and more likely that society will rejectthem.John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago led the study. He says it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness. He says people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks.The aim should be to aggressively create what he calls a “protective barrier” against loneliness. This barrier, he says, can keep the whole network from coming apart.31. Besides loneliness, which of the following can also spread among people?A. FriendshipB. HappinessC. DepressionD. Smoking32. The Framingham Heart Study starting from 1948_________.A. expanded its research topicsB. involved 5,000 patients of depressionC. identified loneliness as one key factor for heart diseaseD. examined the relationship between loneliness and depression33. Which of the following is true about the spread of loneliness？A. It leads to a gradual loss of friends.B. It is a common phenomenon among women.C. It is often found in the neighborhood.D. It ruins the relationships between close friends.34. Having a lonely friend, you are more likely to ________.A. strengthen your friendshipB. develop new friendshipC. increase the sense of lonelinessD. reduce the sense of loneliness35. According to John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago, loneliness can_______.A. result in aggressivenessB. cause people to be overprotectiveC. infect social networksD. push people to the verge of poverty36. What is the main idea of the passage？A. Loneliness can spread.B. Loneliness is linked to depression.C. Lonely people tend to grow fat.D. Lonely people need more friends.Passage TwoCalifornia has a new program called the Digital Textbook Initiative. “Starting this fall with high school math and science, we will be the first state in the nation to provide schools with a state-approved list of digital textbooks.” That was Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger in June, talking about his effort to get schools to use materials available free online. He listed reasons why he thinks digital textbooks make sense.California approves traditional textbooks in six-year cycles. Digital ones can offer the latest information. They lighten the load of school bags. They save paper and tress, and make learning more fun and interactive. And above all, he said, they help schools with their finances.The state has had to make severe cuts in school spending because of deep financial problems. More than six million students attend California public schools.Earlier this year, California invited content developers to offer digital math and science materials for high schools. These had to meet at least 90% of the state’s learning requirements. Specially trained teachers examined 16 textbooks and approved ten of them.Six of the ten were published by the CK12 Foundation, a nonprofit group that had been developing digital science and math books for about two years. The foundation paid teachers and other education professionals to write and edit them. The money came from a group financed by the Khosla Family. California cannot require schools to use the digital textbooks. Individual school districts will have to decide for themselves.Susan Martimo, a California Department of Education official, says she does not expect widespread use right away. Her best guess is that some schools with a lot of technology will be the first to use them, but only in addition to their traditional books.School administrators point out that the texts may be free online, but students need a way to access them. Not everyone has a computer or electronic reader. Schools could print out copies, but that would not help the environment. Also, there is the cost to train teachers to use digital textbooks effectively.37. The Digital Textbook Initiative______A. will probably take effect in six yearsB. covers all the high school subjectsC. has been approved by all statesD. is advocated by California state governor38. The main reason for promoting digital textbooks is to_____A. help save moneyB. benefit the environmentC. provide interesting materialsD. reduce students’ heavy burden39. The digital textbooks were approved by _____A. trained teachersB. content developersC. Khosla FamilyD. Ck12 Foundation40. What is true of CK12 Foundation?A. It produced 16 digital textbooks.B. It paid teachers to write digital textbooks.C. It is financed by California state government.D. It makes money through developing digital textbooks.41. According to Susan Martimo, digital textbooks_____.A. are not likely to have a widespread useB. will soon replace traditional onesC. will first be adopted by well-equipped schoolsD. are certain to be approved by school districts42. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _____.A. schools are reluctant to print out copiesB. the use of digital textbooks is not really freeC. students need to pay for computersD. training teachers to use the textbooks is not efficientPassage ThreeDoctors in Britain are warning of an obesity time bomb, when children who are already overweight grow up. So, what should we do? Exercise more? Eat less? Or both? The government feels it has to take responsibility for this expanding problem.The cheerful Mr. Pickwick, the hero of the novel by Charles Dickens, is seen in illustrations as someone who is plump (胖乎乎的)—and happy. In 18th century paintings beauty is equated with rounded bodies and soft curves. But nowadays being overweight is seen as indicating neither a cheerful character nor beauty but an increased risk of heart disease and stroke.So what do you do? Diet? Not according to England’s chief medical officer, Sir Liam Donaldson. He says that physical activity is the key for reducing the risks of obesity, cancer and heart disease. And the Health Secretary John Reid even said that being inactive is as serious a risk factor in heart disease as smoking. So, having bought some cross trainers, how much exercise should you do? According to Sir Liam Donaldson, at least 30 minutes of moderate activity five days a week. Is going to the gym the answer? Luckily for those who find treadmills(跑步机)tedious, the Health Development Agency believes that physical activity that fits into people’s lives may be more effective. They suggest taking the stairs rather than the lift, walking up escalators, playing active games with your children, dancing or gardening. And according to a sports psychologist, Professor Biddle, gyms ‘are not making the nation fit’, and may even cause harm.There’s new scientific e vidence that too much exercise may actually be bad for you. Scientists at the University of Ulster have found that unaccustomed exercise releases dangerous free radicals that can adversely affect normal function in unfit people. The only people who should push their bodies to that level of exercise on a regular basis are trained athletes. So, should we forget about gyms and follow some experts’ advice to increase exercise in our daily life? After all, getting off the bus a stop early and walking the rest ofthe way can’t do any harm! One final thought. How come past generationslacked gym facilities but were leaner and fitter than people today?43. This passage is mainly about_____A. how to keep fit and avoid fatnessB. increased risks for overweight peopleC. the dangers of exercise in the gymD. the benefit of a balanced diet44. What does “this expanding problem” (Para.1) refer to?A. The slow growing up of overweight children.B. The obesity time bomb warned of by doctors.C. Too little exercise and too much diet.D. Neglect of the health issue by the government.45. Why does the author mention Mr. Pickwick in Charles Dickens’s novel？A. He was portrayed in an 18th century painting.B. He is the hero of a world famous novel.C. He suffered from heart disease and stroke.D. He is the image of being plump and happy.46. According to Sir Liam Donaldson, what is the best way to avoid obesity？A. Being on diet.B. Giving up smoking.C. Being as inactive as possible.D. Doing physical activities.47 Which of the following is NOT recommended by the Health Development Agency?A. Walking up escalators, dancing or gardening.B. Going to the gym to walk on treadmills.C. Taking the stairs rather than the lift.D. Playing active games with your children.48. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _____.A. too much exercise may actually be bad for healthB. experts’ advice cannot be always followedC. past generations longed for gym facilities we have todayD. moderate daily-life exercise can make us leaner and fitter Passage FourA metaphor is a poetic device that deals with comparison. It compares similar qualities of two dissimilar objects. With a simple metaphor, one object becomes the other: Love is a rose. Although this does not sound like a particularly rich image, a metaphor can communicate so much about a particular image that poets use them more than any other type of figurative language. The reason for this is that poets compose their poetry to express what they are experiencing emotionally at that moment. Consequently, what the poet imagines love to be may or may not be our perception of love. T herefore, the poet’s job is to enable us to experience it, to feel it the same way as the poet does.Let’s analyze this remarkably unsophisticated metaphor concerning love and the rose to see what it offers. Because the poet uses a comparison with a rose, first we must examine the characteristics of that flower. A rose is spectacular in its beauty, its petals(花瓣) are nicely soft, and its smell is pleasing. It’s possible to say that a rose is actually a feast to the senses of sight, touch, and smell. The rose’s appearance seems to border on perfection, each petal seemingly symmetrical in form. Isn’t this the way one’s love should be? A loved one should be a delight to one’s senses and seem perfect. However, there is another dimension added to the comparison by using a rose. Roses have thorns. The poet wants to convey the idea that roses can be tricky. So can love, the metaphor tell us. When one reaches out with absolute trust to touch the object of his or her affection, ouch, a thorn can cause great harm! “Be careful,” the metaphor warns: Love is a feast to the senses, but it can overwhelm us, and it can also hurt us and cause acute suffering. This is the poet’s perception of love —an admonition(劝诫). What is the point? Just this: It took almost 14 sentences to clarify what a simple metaphor communicates in only four words! That is the artistry and the joy of the simple metaphor.49. According to the passage, what is a metaphor？A. A comparison between two different objects with similar features.B. A contrast between two different things to create a vivid image.C. A description of two similar objects in a poetic way.D. A literary device specially employed in poetry writing.50. The main idea of this passage is that_____.A. rose is a good image in poetryB. love is sweet and pleasingC. metaphor is ambiguousD. metaphor is a great poetic device51. It can be inferred from the passage that a metaphor is_____.A. difficult to understandB. rich in meaningC. not precise enoughD. like a flower52. As is meant by the author, thorns of a rose_________A. protect the rose from harmB. symbolize reduced loveC. add a new element to the image of loveD. represent objects of one’s affection53. The meaning of the love-is-a-rose metaphor is that____________-A. love is a true joyB. true love comes once in a lifetimeC. love does not last longD. love is both good and bad experiences54. According to the passage, poetry is intended to___________A. release angerB. entertain the readersC. express poets’ ideasD. reward the sensesPassage FiveSome 23 million additional U.S. residents are expected to become more regular users of the U.S. health care system in the next several years, thanks to the passage of health care reform. Digitizing medical data has been promoted as one way to help the already burdened system manage the surge in patients. But putting people’s health information in databases and online is going to do more than simply reduce redundancies. It is already shifting the very way we seek and receive health care.“The social dynamics of care are changing,” says John Gomez, vice president of Eclipsys, a medical information technology company. Most patients might not yet be willing to share their latest CT scan images over Facebook, he notes, but many parents post their babies’ ultrasound images, and countless patients nowadays use social networking sites to share information about conditions, treatments and doctors.With greater access to individualized health information-whether that is through a formal electronic medical record, a self-created personal health record or a quick instant-messaging session with a physician-the traditional roles of doctors and patients are undergoing a rapid transition. “For as long as we’ve known, health care has been ‘I go to the physician，and they tell me what to do, and I do it,’”says Nitu Kashyap, a physician and research fellow at the Yale Center for Medical Informatics. Soon more patients will be arriving at a hospital or doctor’s office, having reviewed their own record, latest test results and recommended articles about their health concerns. And even more individuals will be able to skip that visit altogether, instead sending a text message or e-mail to their care provider or consulting a personal health record or smart phone application to answer their questions.These changes will be strengthened by the nationwide shift to electronic medical records, which has already begun. Although the majority of U.S. hospitals and doctors’ offices are still struggling to start the changeover, many patients already have electronic medical records, and some even have partial access to them. The My Chart program, in use at Cleveland Clinic, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas and other facilities, is a Web portal(门户)through which patients can see basic medical information as well as some test results.Medical data is getting a new digital life, and it is jump-starting a “fundamental change in how care is provided,” Gomez says.55. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?A. The Future of Your Medical DataB. Challenges against Doctors and HospitalsC. Benefits of the U.S. Health Care ReformD. How to Access and Share Your Health Information56. Putting patient information in databases and online_____.A. enables more Americans to join the health care system.B. contributes to the passage of health care reformC. increases the burden of the U.S. health care systemD. changes how people seek and receive health care57. According to John Gomez, many patients use social networking sites to_____.A. change their social interactionsB. post their latest CT scan imagesC. share information about their health careD. show their babies’ recent pictures58. Which of the following is NOT changing the traditional roles of doctors and patients？A. A formal electronic medical record.B. An easier access to information online.C. A self-created personal health record.D. A quick instant-messaging session with a doctor.59. According to Nitu Kashyap, more patients in the future will_______.A. refuse to follow their doctors’ adviceB. be more dependent on their doctorsC. leave out their visit to doctors’ offices and hospitalsD. have their health conditions examined through e-mail60. It is stated in the passage that ________.A. nationwide digitalization of medical data will begin soonB. most of U.S. hospitals and doctors are against the shiftC. patients are worded about the security of their health informationD. patients are starting to make use of their electronic medical recordsPart IV Cloze (15 minutes, 15 points, 1 for each)Directions: In this part, there is a passage with 15 blanks. For each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.Are you single but too busy to search for love? Then you need to try the latest dating phenomenon that is sweeping 61 the UK—speed dating.Speed dating 62 men and women meeting in a room and finding out as much as they can about possible 63 in three minutes. It’s proving very 64 with Britain’s young people who find that they haven’t got the time to meet that special one.At a speed dating event you are given three minutes to talk, 65 , with a member of the opposite sex. Then a bell 66 and you move to another person and start chatting again. By the end of the evening you will have spoken with up to twenty men or women!If, by the end of a conversation, you 67 the person or would like to see him or her again, you write it 68 on a card. Then, if the other person also fancies you, the organizers will contact you with their details. But is three minutes long enough to make an impression and 69 if you want to see someone again? Research suggests that 70 can be felt within the first thirty seconds of meeting someone, and that is 71 speed dating is all about, knowing quickly if you are going to like someone.And what about romance? Is it possible to make a good 72 in such a short time? 73 , people say you can’t hurry love. However, Britain will soon have its first marriage from a speed date.So, if you are on a 74 to find Mr. or Miss Right, what have you got to lose?75 , you still go home on your own. But at best, the person of your dreams could be just three minutes away.61. A. off B. across C. over D. through62. A. requires B. inquires C. revolves D. involves63. A. partners B. spouses C. friends D. counterparts64. A. practical B. popular C. favorable D. normal65. A. all in one B. one after one C. one on one D. one and all66. A. knocked B. shaken C. swung D. rung67. A. attract B. enjoy C. chase D. fancy。

最新同等学力申硕英语试题答案与解析

最新同等学力申硕英语试题答案与解析

2010年同等学力申硕英语试题答案与解析2010年试题答案与解析Paper OnePart I Dialogue Communication (15 minutes, 10 points, 1 for each)1. C。

A说：你能在这儿替我一会儿吗？我有个朋友要来看我。

A项“我怎么做？”B项“好吧！”C项“我正在忙。

”D项“那不可能。

”根据B回答的后半句，“你问问皮特吧，他现在不忙”，可以判断出他想让A问问皮特能不能帮他。

故答案为C。

2. B。

A说：接外线只需要在电话号码前加拨0，或者如果你愿意的话，我可以帮你接通。

B说：不用，谢谢你。

A项“帮我接通吧。

”B项“我自己试试。

”C项“我宁愿不。

”D项“感谢你的帮助。

”由B所说可知，他不需要接线员帮他接线。

故答案为B。

3. A。

A说：现在就是工作，工作，不停地工作。

我整天都在努力工作，天天如此。

可以看出，A在抱怨工作。

B在回答时，应该先劝慰。

A项“别抱怨了。

”B项“听到这个很难过。

”C项“我可以为你做些什么吗？”D项“你的计划是什么呢？”四个选项中只有A项符合口语交际的表达习惯。

故答案为A。

4. B。

A说：帕米拉，你周五能来开会吗？B回答的后半句：让我看看我的日程表。

你们什么时候开？A项“这没什么大不了的。

”B项“我不确定。

”C项“我能吗？”D项“没问题。

”从B的回答可以看出，她并不能确定自己能否参与，故答案为B。

5. C。

A说：我快烦死了，销售不停地给我打电话。

A项“我希望不是什么严重的问题。

”B项“他们真愚蠢。

”C项“我也是，太烦了。

”D项“你是对的，算了吧。

”C项是同意对方观点的表述，符合英文表达习惯。

故答案为C。

6. D。

男士：我算过了。

从这开车去芝加哥大概要5个小时。

女士：坐火车去将会很惬意。

但我想我们得看我们的开支。

女士的话暗示了自己开车去芝加哥会比较便宜。

故答案为D。

7. B。

男士：你上周的考试怎么样？女士：如果我有更多的时间，我会成功的。

专八 2010 年真题 及其答案 大家顶起啊 !!

专八 2010 年真题 及其答案 大家顶起啊 !!

TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2010)-GRADE EIGHT-PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. Complete the gap-filling task. Some of the gaps below may require a maximum of THREE words. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically & semantically acceptable. You may refer to your notes.Paralinguistic Features of LanguageIn face-to-face communication speakers often alter their tomes of voice or change their physical postures in order to convey messages. These means are called paralinguistic features of language, which fall into two categories.First category: vocal paralinguistic features(1)__________: to express attitude or intention (1)__________Examples1. whispering: need for secrecy2. breathiness: deep emotion3. (2)_________: unimportance (2)__________4. nasality: anxiety5. extra lip-rounding: greater intimacySecond category: physical paralinguistic featuresfacial expressions(3)_______ (3)__________----- smiling: signal of pleasure or welcomeless common expressions----- eye brow raising: surprise or interest----- lip biting: (4)________ (4)_________gesturegestures are related to culture.British culture----- shrugging shoulders: (5) ________ (5)__________----- scratching head: puzzlementother cultures----- placing hand upon heart:(6)_______ (6)__________----- pointing at nose: secretproximity, posture and echoingproximity: physical distance between speakers----- closeness: intimacy or threat----- (7)_______: formality or absence of interest (7)_________Proximity is person-, culture- and (8)________ -specific. (8)_________posture----- hunched shoulders or a hanging head: to indicate(9)_____ (9)________----- direct level eye contact: to express an open or challenging attitudeechoing----- definition: imitation of similar posture----- (10)______: aid in communication (10)___________----- conscious imitation: mockerySECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.1. According to Dr Johnson, diversity meansA. merging of different cultural identities.B. more emphasis on homogeneity.C. embracing of more ethnic differences.D. acceptance of more branches of Christianity.2. According to the interview, which of the following statements in CORRECT?A. Some places are more diverse than others.B. Towns are less diverse than large cities.C. Diversity can be seen everywhere.D. American is a truly diverse country.3. According to Dr Johnson, which place will witness a radical change in its racial makeup by 2025?A. MaineB. SelinsgroveC. PhiladelphiaD. California4. During the interview Dr Johnson indicates thatA. greater racial diversity exists among younger populations.B. both older and younger populations are racially diverse.C. age diversity could lead to pension problems.D. older populations are more racially diverse.5. According to the interview, religious diversityA. was most evident between 1990 and 2000.B. exists among Muslim immigrants.C. is restricted to certain places in the US.D. is spreading to more parts of the country.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Question 6 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.6. What is the main idea of the news item?A. Sony developed a computer chip for cell phones.B. Japan will market its wallet phone abroad.C. The wallet phone is one of the wireless innovations.D. Reader devices are available at stores and stations.Question 7 and 8 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.7. Which of the following is mentioned as the government’s measure to control inflation?A. Foreign investment.B. Donor support.C. Price control.D. Bank prediction.8. According to Kingdom Bank, what is the current inflation rate in Zimbabwe?A. 20 million percent.B. 2.2 million percent.C. 11.2 million percent.D. Over 11.2 million percent.Question 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.9. Which of the following is CORRECT?A. A big fire erupted on the Nile River.B. Helicopters were used to evacuate people.C. Five people were taken to hospital for burns.D. A big fire took place on two floors.10. The likely cause of the big fire isA. electrical short-cut.B. lack of fire-satefy measures.C. terrorism.D. not known.PART IIREADING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet.TEXT AStill, the image of any city has a half-life of many years. (So does its name, officially changed in 2001 from Calcutta to Kolkata, which is closer to what the word sounds like in Bengali. Conversing in English, I never heard anyone call the city anything but Calcutta.) To Westerners, the conveyance most identified with Kolkata is not its modern subway—a facility whose spacious stations have art on the walls and cricket matches on television monitors—but the hand-pulled rickshaw. Stories and films celebrate a primitive-looking cart with high wooden wheels, pulled by someone who looks close to needing the succor of Mother Teresa. For years the government has been talking about eliminating hand-pulled rickshaws on what it calls humanitarian grounds—principally on the ground tha t, as the mayor of Kolkata has often said, it is offensive to see ―one man sweating and straining to pull another man.‖ But these days politicians also lament the impact of 6,000 hand-pulled rickshaws on a modern city’s traffic and, particularly, on its im age. ―Westerners try to associate beggars and these rickshaws with the Calcutta landscape, but this is not what Calcutta stands for,‖ the chief minister of West Bengal, Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, said in a press conference in 2006. ―Our city stands for prosperity and development.‖ The chief minister—theequivalent of a state governor—went on to announce that hand-pulled rickshaws soon would be banned from the streets of Kolkata.Rickshaws are not there to haul around tourists. (Actually, I saw almost no tourists in Kolkata, apart from the young backpackers on Sudder Street, in what used to be a red-light district and is now said to be the single place in the city where the services a rickshaw puller offers may include providing female company to a gentleman for the evening.) It’s the people in the lanes who most regularly use rickshaws—not the poor but people who are just a notch above the poor. They are people who tend to travel short distances, through lanes that are sometimes inaccessible to even the most daring taxi driver. An older woman with marketing to do, for instance, can arrive in a rickshaw, have the rickshaw puller wait until she comes back from various stalls to load her purchases, and then be taken home. People in the lanes use rickshaws as a 24-hour ambulance service. Proprietors of cafés or corner stores send rickshaws to collect their supplies. (One morning I saw a rickshaw puller take on a load of live chickens—tied in pairs by the feet so they could be draped over the shafts and the folded back canopy and even the axle. By the time he trotted off, he was carrying about a hundred upside-down chickens.) The rickshaw pullers told me their steadiest customers are schoolchildren. Middle-class families contract with a puller to take a child to school and pick him up; the puller essentially becomes a family retainer.From June to September Kolkata can get torrential rains, and its drainage system doesn’t need torrential rain to begin backing up. Residents who favor a touch of hyperbole say that in Kolkata ―if a stray cat pees, there’s a flood.‖ During my stay it once rained for about 48 hours. Entire neighborhoods couldn’t be reached by motorized vehicles, and the newspapers showed pictures of rickshaws being pulled through water that was up to the pullers’ waists. When it’s raining, the normal customer base for ricks haw pullers expands greatly, as does the price of a journey. A writer in Kolkata told me, ―When it rains, even the governor takes rickshaws.‖While I was in Kolkata, a magazine called India Today published its annual ranking of Indian states, according to such measurements as prosperity and infrastructure. Among India’s 20 largest states, Bihar finished dead last, as it has for four of the past five years. Bihar, a couple hundred miles north of Kolkata, is where the vast majority of rickshaw pullers come from. Once in Kolkata, they sleep on the street or in their rickshaws or in a dera—a combination garage and repair shop and dormitory managed by someone called a sardar. For sleeping privileges in a dera, pullers pay 100 rupees (about $2.50) a month, which sounds like a pretty good deal until you’ve visited a dera. They gross between 100 and 150 rupees a day, out of which they have to pay 20 rup ees for the use of the rickshaw and an occasional 75 or more for a payoff if a policeman stops them for, say, crossing a street where rickshaws are prohibited. A 2003 study found that rickshaw pullers are near the bottom of Kolkata occupations in income, doing better than only the ragpickers and the beggars. For someone without land or education, that still beats trying to make a living in Bihar.There are people in Kolkata, particularly educated and politically aware people, who will not ride in a rickshaw, because they are offended by the idea of being pulled by another human being or because they consider it not the sort of thing people of their station do or because they regard the hand-pulled rickshaw as a relic of colonialism. Ironically, some of those people are not enthusiastic about banning rickshaws. The editor of the editorial pages of Kolkata’s Telegraph—Rudrangshu Mukherjee, a former academic who still writes history books—told me, for instance, that he sees humanitarian considerations as coming down on the side of keeping hand-pulled rickshaws on the road. ―I refuse to be carried by another human being myself,‖ he said, ―but I questio n whether we have the right to take away their livelihood.‖ Rickshaw supporters point out that when it comes to demeaning occupations, rickshaw pullers are hardly unique in Kolkata.When I asked one rickshaw puller if he thought the government’s plan to rid the city of rickshaws was based on a genuine interest in his welfare, he smiled, with a quick shake of his head—a gesture I interpreted to mean, ―If you are so naive as to ask such a question, I will answer it, but it is not worth wasting words on.‖ So me rickshawpullers I met were resigned to the imminent end of their livelihood and pin their hopes on being offered something in its place. As migrant workers, they don’t have the political clout enjoyed by, say, Kolkata’s sidewalk hawkers, who, after supposedly being scaled back at the beginning of the modernization drive, still clog the sidewalks, selling absolutely everything—or, as I found during the 48 hours of rain, absolutely everything but umbrellas. ―The government was the government of the poor p eople,‖ one sardar told me. ―Now they shake hands with the capitalists and try to get rid of poor people.‖But others in Kolkata believe that rickshaws will simply be confined more strictly to certain neighborhoods, out of the view of World Bank traffic consultants and California investment delegations—or that they will be allowed to die out naturally as they’re supplanted by more modern conveyances. Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, after all, is not the first high West Bengal official to say that rickshaws would be off the streets of Kolkata in a matter of months. Similar statements have been made as far back as 1976. The ban decreed by Bhattacharjee has been delayed by a court case and by a widely held belief that some retraining or social security settlement ought to be offered to rickshaw drivers. It may also have been delayed by a quiet reluctance to give up something that has been part of the fabric of the city for more than a century. Kolkata, a resident told me, ―has difficulty letting go.‖ One day a city official handed me a report from the municipal government laying out options for how rickshaw pullers might be rehabilitated.―Which option has been chosen?‖ I asked, noting that the report was dated almost exactly a year before my visit.―That hasn’t been decided,‖ he said.―When will it be decided?‖―That hasn’t been decided,‖ he said.11. According to the passage, rickshaws are used in Kolkata mainly for the following EXCEPTA. taking foreign tourists around the city.B. providing transport to school children.C. carrying store supplies and purchasesD. carrying people over short distances.12. Which of the following statements best describes the rickshaw pullers from Bihar?A. They come from a relatively poor area.B. They are provided with decent accommodation.C. Their living standards are very low in Kolkata.D. They are often caught by policemen in the streets.13. That ―For someone without land or education, that still beats trying to make a living in Bihar‖ (4 paragraph) means that even so,A. the poor prefer to work and live in Bihar.B. the poor from Bihar fare better than back home.C. the poor never try to make a living in Bihar.D. the poor never seem to resent their life in Kolkata.14. We can infer from the passage that some educated and politically aware peopleA. hold mixed feelings towards rickshaws.B. strongly support the ban on rickshaws.C. call for humanitarian actions fro rickshaw pullers.D. keep quiet on the issue of banning rickshaws.15. Which of the following statements conveys the author’s sense of humor?A. ―…not the poor but people who are just a notch above the poor.‖ (2 paragraph)B. ―…,.which sounds like a pretty good deal until you’ve visited a dera.‖ (4 paragraph)C. Kolkata, a resident told me, ― has difficulty letting go.‖ (7 paragraph).D.―…or, as I found during the 48 hours of rain, absolutely everything but umbrellas.‖ (6 paragraph)16. The dialogue between the author and the city official at the end of the passage seems to suggestA. the uncertainty of the court’s decision.B. the inefficiency of the municipal government.C. the difficulty of finding a good solution.D. the slowness in processing options.TEXT BDepending on whom you believe, the average American will, over a lifetime, wait in lines for two years (says National Public Radio) or five years (according to customer-loyalty experts).The crucial word is average, as wealthy Americans routinely avoid lines altogether. Once the most democratic of institutions, lines are rapidly becoming the exclusive province of suckers(people who still believe in and practice waiting in lines). Poor suckers, mostly.Airports resemble France before the Revolution: first-class passengers enjoy "élite" security lines and priority boarding, and disembark before the unwashed in coach, held at bay by a flight attendant, are allowed to foul the Jetway.At amusement parks, too, you can now buy your way out of line. This summer I haplessly watched kids use a $52 Gold Flash Pass to jump the lines at Six Flags New England, and similar systems are in use in most major American theme parks, from Universal Orlando to Walt Disney World, where the haves get to watch the have-mores breeze past on their way to their seats.Flash Pass teaches children a valuable lesson in real-world economics: that the rich are more important than you, especially when it comes to waiting. An NBA player once said to me, with a bemused chuckle of disbelief, that when playing in Canada--get this--"we have to wait in the same customs line as everybody else."Almost every line can be breached for a price. In several U.S. cities this summer, early arrivers among the early adopters waiting to buy iPhones offered to sell their spots in the lines. On Craigslist, prospective iPhone purchasers offered to pay "waiters" or "placeholders" to wait in line for them outside Apple stores.Inevitably, some semi-populist politicians have seen the value of sort-of waiting in lines with the ordinary people. This summer Philadelphia mayor John Street waited outside an AT&T store from 3:30 a.m. to 11:30 a.m. before a stand-in from his office literally stood in for the mayor while he conducted official business. And billionaire New York mayor Michael Bloomberg often waits for the subway with his fellow citizens, though he's first driven by motorcade past the stop nearest his house to a station 22 blocks away, where the wait, or at least the ride, is shorter.As early as elementary school, we're told that jumping the line is an unethical act, which is why so many U.S. lawmakers have framed the immigration debate as a kind of fundamental sin of the school lunch line. Alabama Senator Richard Shelby, to cite just one legislator, said amnesty would allow illegal immigrants "to cut in line ahead of millions of people."Nothing annoys a national lawmaker more than a person who will not wait in line, unless that line is in front of an elevator at the U.S. Capitol, where Senators and Representatives use private elevators, lest they have to queue with their constituents.But compromising the integrity of the line is not just antidemocratic, it's out-of-date. There was something about the orderly boarding of Noah's Ark, two by two, that seemed to restore not just civilization but civility during the Great Flood.How civil was your last flight? Southwest Airlines has first-come, first-served festival seating. But for $5 perflight, an unaffiliated company called will secure you a coveted "A" boarding pass when that airline opens for online check-in 24 hours before departure. Thus, the savvy traveler doesn't even wait in line when he or she is online.Some cultures are not renowned for lining up. Then again, some cultures are too adept at lining up: a citizen of the former Soviet Union would join a queue just so he could get to the head of that queue and see what everyone was queuing for.And then there is the U.S., where society seems to be cleaving into two groups: Very Important Persons, who don't wait, and Very Impatient Persons, who do--unhappily.For those of us in the latter group-- consigned to coach, bereft of Flash Pass, too poor or proper to pay a placeholder --what do we do? We do what Vladimir and Estragon did in Waiting for Godot: "We wait. We are bored."17. What does the following sentence mean? ―Once the most democratic of institutions, lines are rapidly becoming the exclusive province of suckers…Poor suckers, mostly.‖ (2 paragraph)A. Lines are symbolic of America’s democracy.B. Lines still give Americans equal opportunities.C. Lines are now for ordinary Americans only.D. Lines are for people with democratic spirit only.18. Which of the following is NOT cited as an example of breaching the line?A. Going through the customs at a Canadian airport.B. Using Gold Flash Passes in amusement parks.C. First-class passenger status at airports.D. Purchase of a place in a line from a placeholder.19. We can infer from the passage that politicians (including mayors and Congressmen)A. prefer to stand in lines with ordinary people.B. advocate the value of waiting in lines.C. believe in and practice waiting in lines.D. exploit waiting in lines for their own good.20. What is the tone of the passage?A. Instructive.B. Humorous.C. Serious.D. Teasing.TEXT CA bus took him to the West End, where, among the crazy coloured fountains of illumination, shattering the blue dusk with green and crimson fire, he found the café of his choice, a tea-shop that had gone mad and turned. Bbylonian, a while palace with ten thousand lights. It towered above the other building like a citadel, which indeed it was, the outpost of a new age, perhaps a new civilization, perhaps a new barbarism; and behind the thin marble front were concrete and steel, just as behind the careless profusion of luxury were millions of pence, balanced to the last halfpenny. Somewhere in the background, hidden away, behind the ten thousand llights and acres of white napery and bewildering glittering rows of teapots, behind the thousand waitresses and cash-box girls and black-coated floor managers and temperamental long-haired violinists, behind the mounds of cauldrons of stewed steak, the vanloads of ices, were a few men who went to work juggling with fractions of a farming, who knew how many units of electricity it took to finish a steak-and-kidney pudding and how many minutes and seconds a waitress( five feet four in height and in average health) would need to carry a tray of given weight from the kitchenlife to the table in the far corner. In short, there was a warm, sensuous, vulgar life flowering in the upper storeys, and a cold science working in the basement. Such as the gigantic tea-shop into which Turgis marched, in search not of mere refreshment but of all the enchantment of unfamiliar luxury. Perhaps he knew in his heart that men have conquered half the known world, looted whole kingdoms, and never arrived in such luxury. The place was built for him.It was built for a great many other people too, and, as usual, they were al there. It seemed with humanity. The marble entrance hall, piled dizzily with bonbons and cakes, was as crowded and bustling as a railway station. The gloom and grime of the streets, the raw air, all November, were at once left behind, forgotten: the atmosphere inside was golden, tropical, belonging to some high mid-summer of confectionery. Disdaining the lifts, Turgis, once more excited by the sight, sound, and smell of it all, climbed the wide staircase until he reached his favourite floor, whre an orchestra, led by a young Jewish violinist with wandering lustrous eyes and a passion for tremolo effects, acted as a magnet to a thousand girls, scented air, the sensuous clamour of the strings; and, as he stood hesitating a moment, half dazed, there came, bowing, s sleek grave man, older than he was and far more distinguished than he could ever hope to be, who murmured deferentially: ― For one, sir? This way, please,‖ Shy ly, yet proudly, Turgis followed him.21. That ―behind the thin marble front were concrete and steel‖ suggests thatA. modern realistic commercialism existed behind the luxurious appearance.B. there was a fundamental falseness in the style and the appeal of the café..C. the architect had made a sensible blend of old and new building materials.D. the café was based on physical foundations and real economic strength.22. The following words or phrases are somewhat critical of the tea-shop EXCEPTA. ―…turned Babylonian‖.B. ―perhaps a new barbarism’.C. ―acres of white napery‖.D. ―balanced to the last halfpenny‖.23. In its context the statement that ― the place was built for him‖ means that the café was intended toA. please simple people in a simple way.B. exploit gullible people like him.C. satisfy a demand that already existed.D. provide relaxation for tired young men.24. Which of the following statements about the second paragraph is NOT true?A. The café appealed to most senses simultaneously.B. The café was both full of people and full of warmth.C. The inside of the café was contrasted with the weather outside.D. It stressed the commercial determination of the café owners.25. The following are comparisons made by the author in the second paragraph EXCEPT thatA. the entrance hall is compared to a railway station.B. the orchestra is compared to a magnet.C. Turgis welcomed the lift like a conquering soldier.D. the interior of the café is compared to warm countries.26. The author’s attitude to the café isA. fundamentally critical.B. slightly admiring.C. quite undecided.D. completely neutral.TEXT DI Now elsewhere in the world, Iceland may be spoken of, somewhat breathlessly, as western Europe’s last pristine wilderness. But the environmental awareness that is sweeping the world had bypassed the majority of Icelanders. Certainly they were connected to their land, the way one is complicatedly connected to, or encumbered by, family one can’t do anything about. But the truth is, once you’re off the beat-en paths of the low-lying coastal areas where everyone lives, the roads are few, and they’re all bad, so Iceland’s natural wonders have been out of reach and unknown even to its own inhab-itants. For them the land has always just been there, something that had to be dealt with and, if possible, exploited—the mind-set being one of land as commodity rather than land as, well, priceless art on the scale of the ―Mona Lisa.‖When the opportunity arose in 2003 for the national power company to enter into a 40-year contract with the American aluminum company Alcoa to supply hydroelectric power for a new smelter, those who had been dreaming of some-thing like this for decades jumped at it and never looked back. Iceland may at the moment be one of the world’s richest countries, with a 99 percent literacy rate and long life expectancy. But the proj-ect’s advocates, some of them getting on in years, were more emotionally attuned to the country’s century upon century of want, hardship, and colonial servitude to Denmark, which officially had ended only in 1944 and whose psychological imprint remained relatively fresh. For the longest time, life here had meant little more than a sod hut, dark all winter, cold, no hope, children dying left and right, earthquakes, plagues, starvation, volcanoes erupting and destroying all vegeta-tion and livestock, all spirit—a world revolving almost entirely around the welfare of one’s sheep and, later, on how good the cod catch was. In the outlying regions, it still largely does.Ostensibly, the Alcoa project was intended to save one of these dying regions—the remote and sparsely populated east—where the way of life had steadily declined to a point of desperation and gloom. After fishing quotas were imposed in the early 1980s to protect fish stocks, many indi-vidual boat owners sold their allotments or gave them away, fishing rights ended up mostly in the hands of a few companies, and small fishermen were virtually wiped out. Technological advances drained away even more jobs previously done by human hands, and the people were seeing every-thing they had worked for all their lives turn up worthless and their children move away. With the old way of life doomed, aluminum projects like this one had come to be perceived, wisely or not, as a last chance. ―Smelter or death.‖The contract with Alcoa would infuse the re-gion with foreign capital, an estimated 400 jobs, and spin-off service industries. It also was a way for Iceland to develop expertise that potentially could be sold to the rest of the world; diversify an economy historically dependent on fish; and, in an appealing display of Icelandic can-do verve, perhaps even protect all of Iceland, once and for all, from the unpredictability of life itself.―We have to live,‖ Halldór Ásgrímsson said in his sad, sonorous voice. Halldór, a former prime minister and longtime member of parliament from the region, was a driving force behind the project. ―We have a right to live.‖27. According to the passage, most Icelanders view land as something ofA. environmental value.B. commercial value.C. potential value for tourism.D. great value for livelihood.28. What is Iceland’s old-aged advocates’ feeling towards the Alcoa project?A. Iceland is wealthy enough to reject the project.B. The project would lower life expectancy.C. The project would cause environmental problems.D. The project symbolizes and end to the colonial legacies.。

2010年同等学力英语真题

2010年同等学力英语真题

2010年同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语水平全国统一考试试题Paper One 试卷一(90 minutes)PartⅠDialogue Communication (10 minutes，10 points，1 for each)(略）PartⅡVocabulary (20 minutes，10 points，0. 5 for each)Section ADirections；In this section there are 10 sentences，each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.11. Most people would agree that, although our age far surpasses all previous ages in knowledge,there has been no correlative increase in wisdom.A. improvesB. precedesC. exceedsD. imposes12. Many students today display a disturbing willingness to choose institutions and careers on thebasis of earning potential.A. offensiveB. depressiveC. tiresomeD. troublesome13. Betty was offended because she felt that her friends had ignored her purposefully at the party.A. desperatelyB. definitelyC. decisivelyD. deliberately14. There has been enough playing around, so let‟s get down to business.A. begin our workB. make a dealC. reach an agreementD. change our plan15. How is it possible for our human body to convert yesterday‟s lunch into today‟s muscle?A. alterB. developC. turnD. modify16. It is important for families to observe their traditions even as their children get older.A. noticeB. watchC. celebrateD. follow17. It is difficult to comprehend, but everything you have ever seen, smelt, heard or felt is merelyyour brain‟s interpretation of incoming stimuli.A. evaluationB. explanationC. recognitionD. interruption18. Life is more important than the pressures and stresses that we place on ourselves over workand other commitments.A. appointmentsB. arrangementsC. devotionsD. obligations19. If you continue to indulge in computer games like this, your future will be at stake.A. without questionB. in dangerC. on guardD. at large20. Romantic novels, as opposed to realistic ones, tend to present idealized versions of life, oftenwith a happy ending.A. in regard toB. in contrast toC. in terms ofD. in light ofSection BDirections:In this section，there are 10 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine- scoring ANSWER SHEET.21. There are several factors ______ the rapid growth of sales promotion, particularly inconsumer markets.A. resorting toB. appealing toC. contributing toD. applying to22. The Internet has been developing at a speed______ people‟s expectations in the past twodecades.A. overB. ofC. beyondD. under23. My oldest son had just finished an ______ holiday stay prior to moving to a new state, a newjob, and the next chapter in his life.A. enlargedB. expandedC. increasedD. extended24. Blacks and American Indians______ less than 10% of students in the top 30 businessschools, while they are about 28% of the U. S. population.A. take upB. make upC. reach outD. torn out25. With demand continuing to rise in______ economies such as China and India, energytraders believe that oil futures are a good bet.A. emergingB. employingC. embracingD. emitting26. Laws and regulations in each country have to be made______ the constitution of thecountry.A. in honor ofB. in memory ofC. in line withD. in return for27. The jury‟s______ was that the accused was guilty.A. sentenceB. verdictC. trialD. debate28. In English learning, a______ cycle occurs when a student makes more errors after beingscolded.A. viciousB. verticalC. vividD. vigorous29. Isn‟t it______ when you learn something you‟ve never known before?A. crazyB. coolC. coldD. cute30. It is obvious that the sports games are no longer amateur affairs; they have becomeprofessionally______.A. laid outB. laid offC. put outD. put offPart ⅢReading Comprehension (45 minutes，30 points，1 for each)Directions:There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 6 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.Passage OneCalifornia has a new program called the Digital Textbook Initiative. “Starting this fall with high school math and science, we will be the first state in the nation to provide schools with a state-approved list of digital textbooks.”That was Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger in June, talking about his effort to get schools to use materials available free online. He listed reasons why he thinks digital textbooks make sense.California approves traditional textbooks in six-year cycles. Digital ones can offer the latest information. They lighten the load of school bags. They save paper and trees, and make learning more fun and interactive. And above all, he said, they help schools with their finances.The state has had to make severe cuts in school spending because of deep financial problems. More than six million students attend California public schools.Earlier this year, California invited content developers to offer digital math and science materials for high schools. These had to meet at least 90% of the state's learning requirements. Specially trained teachers examined 16 textbooks and approved ten of them.Six of the ten were published by the CK12 Foundation, a nonprofit group that had been developing digital science and math books for about two years. The foundation paid teachers and other education professionals to write and edit them. The money came from a group financed by the Khosla Family. 'California cannot require schools to use the digital textbooks. Individual school districts will have to decide for themselves.Susan Martimo, a California Department of Education official, says she does not expect widespread use right away. Her best guess is that some schools with a lot of technology will be the first to use them. But only in addition to their traditional books.School administrators point out that the texts may be free online, but students need a way to access them. Not everyone has a computer or electronic reader. Schools could print out copies but that would not help the environment. Also，there is the cost to train teachers to use digital textbooks effectively.31. The Digital Textbook Initiative_______.A. w ill probably take effect in six yearsB. c overs all the high school subjectsC. i s advocated by California state governorD. h as been approved by all states32. The main reason for promoting digital textbooks is to ______.A. b enefit the environmentB. h elp save moneyC. p rovide interesting materialsD. r educe students‟ heavy burden33. The digital textbooks were approved by______ .A. c ontent developersB. t rained teachersC. K hosla FamilyD. C K12 Foundation34. What is true of CK12 Foundation?A. I t paid teachers to write digital textbooks.B. I t produced 16 digital textbooks.C. I t is financed by California state government.D. I t makes money through developing digital textbooks.35. According to Susan Martimo digital textbooks______.A. a re not likely to have a widespread useB. w ill soon replace traditional onesC. a re certain to be approved by school districtsD. w ill first be adopted by well-equipped schools36. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that______.A. t he use of digital textbooks is not really freeB. s chools are reluctant to print out copiesC. s tudents need to pay for computersD. t raining teachers to use the textbook is not efficientPassage TwoDoctors in Britain are warning of an obesity time bomb，when children who are already overweight grow up. So，what should we do? Exercise more? Eat less? Or both? The government feels it has to take responsibility for this expanding problem.The cheerful Mr. Pickwick, the hero of the novel by Charles Dickens, is seen in illustrations as someone who is plump (胖乎乎）一and happy. In 18th century paintings beauty is equated with rounded bodies and soft curves. But nowadays being overweight is seen as indicating neither a cheerful character nor beauty but an increased risk of heart disease and stroke.So what do you do? Diet? Not according to England‟s chief medical officer, Sir Liam Donaldson, He says that physical activity is the key for reducing the risks of obesity, cancer and heart disease. And the Health Secretary John Reid even said that being inactive is as serious a risk factor in heart disease as smoking.So，having bought some cross trainers，how much exercise should you do? According to Sir Liam Donaldson, at least 30 minutes of moderate activity five days a week. Is going to the gym the answer? Luckily for those who find treadmills (跑步机）tedious, the Health Development Agency believes that physical activity that fits into people‟s lives may be more effective. They suggest taking the stairs rather than the lift, walking up escalators, playing active games with your children, dancing or gardening. And according to a sports psychologist, Professor Biddle, gyms “are not making the nation fit,” and may even cause harm.There‟s new scientific evidence that too much exercise may actually be bad for you. Scientists at the University of Ulster have found that unaccustomed exercise releases dangerous free radicals that can adversely affect normal function in unfit people. The only people who should push their bodies to that level of exercise on a regular basis are trained athletes.So, should we forget about gyms and follow some experts‟ advice to increase exercise in ourdaily life? After all，getting off the bus a stop early and walking the rest of the way can't do any harm! One final thought. How come past generations lacked gym facilities but were leaner and fitter than people today?37. This passage is mainly about ______.A. i ncreased risks for overweight peopleB. h ow to keep fit and avoid fatnessC. t he dangers of exercise in the gymD. t he benefit of a balanced diet38. What does “this expanding problem” (Para. 1) refer to?A. T he obesity time bomb warned of by doctors.B. T he slow growing up of overweight children.C. T oo little exercise and too much diet.D. N eglect of the health issue by the government.39. Why does the author mention Mr. Pickwick in Charles Dickens‟ novel?A. H e was portrayed in an 18th century painting.B. H e is the hero of a world famous novel.C. H e is the image of being plump and happy.D. H e suffered from heart disease and stroke.40. According to Sir Liam Donaldson what is the best way to avoid obesity?A. B eing on diet.B. G iving up smoking.C. D oing physical activities.D. B eing as inactive as possible.41. Which of the following is NOT recommended by the Health Development Agency?A. G oing to the gym to walk on treadmills.B. W alking up escalators，dancing or gardening.C. T aking the stairs rather than the lift.D. P laying active games with your children.42. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that______.A. t oo much exercise may actually be bad for healthB. e xperts‟ advice cannot be always followedC. m oderate daily-life exercise can make us leaner and fitterD. p ast generations longed for gym facilities we have todayPassage ThreeLoneliness has been linked to depression and other health problems. Now, a study says it can also spread. A friend of a lonely person was 52% more likely to develop feelings of loneliness. And a friend of that friend was 25% more likely to do the same.Earlier findings showed that happiness, fatness and the ability to stop smoking can also grow like infections within social groups. The findings all come from a major health study in the American town of Framingham, Massachusetts.The study began in 1948 to investigate the causes of heart disease. Since then, more tests have been added, including measures of loneliness and depression.The new findings involved more than 5，000 people in the second generation of the Framingham Heart Study. The researchers examined friendship histories and reports of loneliness. The results established a pattern that spread as people reported fewer close friends.For example, loneliness can affect relationships between next-door neighbors. The loneliness spreads as neighbors who were close friends now spend less time together. The study also found that loneliness spreads more easily among women than men.Researchers from the University of Chicago, Harvard and the University of California, San Diego, did the study. The findings appeared last month in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,The average person is said to experience feelings of loneliness about 48 days a year. The study found that having a lonely friend can add about 17 days. But every additional friend can decrease loneliness by about 5%, or two and a half days.Lonely people become less and less trusting of others. This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends and more likely that society will reject them.John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago led the study. He says it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness. He says people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks.The aim should be to aggressively create what he calls a “protective barrier”against loneliness. This barrier, he says, can keep the whole network from coming apart.43. Besides loneliness, which of the following can also spread among people?A. Happiness.B. Friendship.C. Depression.D. Smoking.44. The Framingham Heart Study starting from 1948 ______.A. involved 5，000 patients of depressionB. expanded its research topicsC. identified loneliness as one key factor for heart diseaseD. examined the relationship between loneliness and depression45. Which of the following is true about the spread of loneliness?A. It is a common phenomenon among women.B. It leads to a gradual loss of friends.C. It is often found in the neighborhood.D. It ruins the relationships between close friends.46. Having a lonely friend, you are more likely to______.A. strengthen your friendshipB. develop new friendshipC. reduce the sense of lonelinessD. increase the sense of loneliness47. According to John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago, loneliness can______.A. result in aggressivenessB. cause people to be overprotectiveC. push people to the verge of povertyD. infect social networks48. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Loneliness is linked to depression.B. Loneliness can spread.C. Lonely people tend to grow fat.D. Lonely people need more friends.Passage FourSome 23 million additional U. S. residents are expected to become more regular users of the U. S. health care system in the next several years, thanks to the passage of health care reform. Digitizing medical data has been promoted as one way to help the already burdened system manage the surge in patients. But putting people‟s health information in databases and online is going to do more than simply reduce redundancies. It is already shifting the very way we seek and receive health care.“The social dynamics of care are changing,” says John Gomez, vice president of Eclipsys，a medical information technology company. Most patients might not yet be willing to share their latest CT scan images over Facebook, he notes, but many parents post their babies‟ultrasound images, and countless patients nowadays use social networking sites to share information about conditions, treatments and doctors.With greater access to individualized health information—whether that is through a formal electronic medical record, a self-created personal health record or a quick instant messaging session with a physician the traditional roles of doctors and patients are undergoing a rapid transition.“For as long as we‟ve known, health care has been …I go to the physician, and they tell me what to do，and I do it, ‟”，says Nitu Kashyap, a physician and research fellow at the Yale Center for Medical Informatics. Soon more patients will be arriving at a hospital or doctor‟s office having reviewed their own record, latest test results and recommended articles about their health concerns. And even more individuals will be able to skip that visit altogether, instead sending a text message or e-mail to their care provider or consulting a personal health record or smart-phone application to answer their questions.These changes will be strengthened by the nationwide shift to electronic medical records, which has already begun. Although the majority of U. S. hospitals and doctors; offices are still struggling to start the changeover, many patients already have electronic medical records—and some even partial access to them. The My Chart program, in use at Cleveland Clinic, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas and other facilities, is a Web portal (门户）through which patients can see basic medical information as well as some test results.Medical data is getting a new digital life, and it is jump-starting a “fundamental change in how care is provided”，Gomez says.49. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?A. Challenges Against Doctors and HospitalsB. The Future of Your Medical DataC. Benefits of the U. S. Health Care ReformD. How to Access and Share Your Health Information50. Putting patient information in databases and online______.A. enables more Americans to join the health care systemB. contributes to the passage of health care reformC. changes how people seek and receive health careD. increases the burden of the U. S. health care system51. According to John Gomez, many patients use social networking sites to______.A. change their social interactionsB. post their latest CT scan imagesC. show their babies‟ recent picturesD. share information about their health care52. Which of the following is NOT changing the traditional roles of doctors and patients?A. An easier access to information online.B. A formal electronic medical record.C. A self-created personal health record.D. A quick instant-messaging session with a doctor.53. According to Nitu Kashyap, more patients in the future will______.A. refuse to follow their doctors‟ adviceB. be more dependent on their doctorsC. have their health conditions examined through e-mailD. leave out their visit to doctors‟ offices and hospitals54. It is stated in the passage that______.A. nationwide digitalization of medical data will begin soonB. most of U. S. hospitals and doctors are against the shiftC. patients are starting to make use of their electronic medical recordsD. patients are worried about the security of their health informationPassage FiveA metaphor is a poetic device that deals with comparison. It compares similar qualities of two dissimilar objects. With a simple metaphor, one object becomes the other: Love is a rose. Although this does not sound like a particularly rich image, a metaphor can communicate so much about a particular image that poets use them more than any other type of figurative language. The reason for this is that poets compose their poetry to express what they are experiencing emotionally at that moment. Consequently, what the poet imagines love to be may or may not be our perception of love. Therefore, the poet‟s job is to enable us to experience it, to feel it the same way as the poet does.Let‟s analyze this remarkably unsophisticated metaphor concerning love and the rose to see what it offers. Because the poet uses a comparison with a rose，first we must examine the characteristics of that flower. A rose is spectacular in its beauty, its petals (花辦）are nicely soft, and its smell is pleasing. It‟s possible to say that a rose is actually a feast to the senses of sight, touch, and smell. The rose‟s appearance seems to border on perfection, each petal seemingly symmetrical in form. Isn‟t this the way one‟s love should be? A loved one should be a delight to one‟s senses and seem perfect. However, there is another dimension added to the comparison by using a rose. Roses have thorns. The poet wants to convey the idea that roses can be tricky. So can love, the metaphor tell us. When one reaches out with absolute trust to touch the object of his or her affection, ouch, thorn can cause great harm! “Be careful，” the metaphor warns: Love is a feast to the senses，but it can overwhelm us, and it can also hurt us and cause acute suffering. This is the poet's perception of love—an admonition (劝诚).What is the point? Just this: It took almost 14sentences to clarify what a simple metaphor communicates in only four words! That is the artistry and the joy of the simple metaphor.55. According to the passage，what is a metaphor?A. A contrast between two different things to create a vivid image.B. A comparison between two different objects with similar features.C. A description of two similar objects in a poetic way.D. A literary device specially employed in poetry writing.56. The main idea of this passage is that______.A. rose is a good image in poetryB. love is sweet and pleasingC. metaphor is a great poetic deviceD. metaphor is ambiguous57. It can be inferred from the passage that a metaphor is______.A. rich in meaningB. difficult to understandC. not precise enoughD. like a flower58. As is meant by the author thorns of a rose______.A. protect the rose from harmB. symbolize reduced loveC. represent objects of one‟s affectionD. add a new element to the image of love59. The meaning of the love-is-a-rose metaphor is that______.A. love is true joyB. true love comes once in a lifetimeC. love is both good and bad experiencesD. love does not last long60. According to the passage, poetry is intended to ______.A. release angerB. entertain the readersC. reward the sensesD. express poets‟ ideasPart ⅣCloze (15 minutes，15 points，1 for each)Directions:In this part, there is a passage with 15 blanks. For each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.Are you single but too busy to search for love? Then you need to try the latest dating phenomenon that is sweeping 61 the UK—speed dating.Speed dating 62 men and women meeting in a room and finding out as mush as they can about possible 63 in three minutes. It‟s proving very 64 with Britain‟s young people who find that they haven't got the time to meet that special one.At a speed dating event you are given three minutes to talk, 65 ，with a member of the opposite sex. Then a bell is 66 and you move to another person and start chatting again. By theend of the evening you will have spoken with up to twenty men or women!If，by the end of a conversation，you 67 the person or would like to see him or her again, you write it 68 on a card. Then, if the other person also fancies you, the organizers will contact you with their details.But is three minutes long enough to make an impression and 69 if you want to see someone again? Research suggests that 70 can be felt within the first thirty seconds of meeting someone, and that is 71 speed dating is all about, knowing quickly if you are going to like someone.And what about romance? Is it possible to make a good 72 in such a short time? 73 ，people say you can‟t hurry love. However Britain will soon have its first marriage from a speed date.So, if you are on a 74 to find Mr. or Miss Right, what have you got to lose?75 ，you still go home on your own. But at best，the person of your dreams could be just three minutes away.61. A. across B. off C. over D. through62. A. requires B. inquires C. involves D. revolves63. A. spouses B. partners C. friends D. counterparts64. A. popular B. practical C. favorable D. normal65. A. all in one B. one after one C. one and all D. one on one66. A. knocked B. shaken C. rung D. swung67. A. attract B. enjoy C. fancy D. chase68. A. off B. down C. up D. back69. A. work out B. work on C. work at D. work up70. A. emotion B. sentiment C. attachment D. chemistry71. A. what B. how C. all D. where72. A. conclusion B. reflection C. judgment D. guess73. A. After all B. In all C. Of all D. And all74. A. tour B. route C. mission D. direction75. A. At last B. At first C. A t end D. At worstPaper Two 试卷二(60 minutes)PartⅠTranslation (30 minutes, 20 points，10 for each section)Section ADirections: T ranslate the following passage into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.An ecosystem is a group of animal and plants living in a specific region and interacting with one another and with their physical environment. Ecosystems include physical and chemical components, such as soils, water, and nutrients that support the organisms living there. These organisms may range from large animals to microscopic bacteria. Ecosystems also can be thoughtof as the interactions among all organisms in a given area；for instance, one species may serve as food for another. People are part of the ecosystems where they live and work. Human activities can harm or destroy local ecosystems unless actions such as land development for housing or businesses are carefully planned to conserve and sustain the ecology of the area.Section B(略）PartⅡWriting (30 minutes，15 points)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to -write a composition of no less than 150 'words. Your composition should be based on the following two questions after you have read the story given in Chinese.1. What do you think about the story?2. What d o you learn from it?英国史学家卡莱尔经过多年的伏案，写成了《法国大革命史》的全部文稿。

2010-2017年同等学力英语真题及答案

2010-2017年同等学力英语真题及答案

How to Handle the StressNowadays more and more people have been under various stresses and there has been an increase in stress-related diseases among employees and students. This phenomenon has aroused immediate concern and widespread discussion among the general public. From my perspective, the resources of stresses can be from our work, family and also from the society, and learning how to deal with stresses has far-reaching significance to our body health.As a matter of fact, some solutions to reduce stresses can be illustrated below. The first one that comes to my mind readily is to share our stress with others. It can be enormously helpful because we may feel quite relaxed after talking to others and things even turn better if we get any valuable suggestions from them. What’s more, making time for fun such as listening to music and watching movies may be good medicine. Additionally, it is also a great way to reduce anxiety to do a large number of physical activities.From what has been discussed above, I strongly believe that we should know how to reduce enormous stress because it poses a general threat to human body health. As a common employee, I often feel immense stress at work. In those cases, I always tried to talk with my close friends to hear their advice or just listen to my favorite music. Only by having both mental and physical health can we hope to do our job well in the future?My favorite way of keeping fitsObservations and research findings indicate that people are increasingly concerned abo ut keeping fits. The importance people attach to it and the rapid development of related s ervices are the signs of this.There are several ways of keeping fits. Dieting should be fundamental to one’s heal th. We are facing more choice than ever before. Therefore, we should be cautious to sele ct the proper foods and to control the reasonable amount. What’s more, taking experienc e is another essential way. In addition, nobody is exposed to be considered as healthy in mental disorder, so that keeping mental health is also important.As for me, I am exerting all my strength on keeping my fits, by taking reasonable di eting and proper exercise and by remaining in good mind. In particular, I like jogging, m ore than four times per week, and approximately ．Nowadays, more and more people are concerned about the problem of environmental protection, for the pollution has brought us so many bad influences. It is important for us to realize that it is everyone’s duty to protect our environment.To cope with this nation-wide problem, our government has started to take a series of effective measures. The most effective way is to save energy and reduce carbon emission. Because every year billions of tons of carbon dioxide are emitted into the air, which in part, result in the global warming and climate changing.For me, I am trying to make my own contributions. Firstly, I go to work by bus instead of driving. Secondly, I am getting to form the habit of saving water and electricity. For example, when I brush my teeth and wash my hands, I will never leave the water running again. What's more, I even recommend our relatives and friends to do so. By now my ways have been working perfectly and efficiently.Nowadays, with the rapid development of computer technology, in particular, the artificial intelligence (AI), the application of senior AI in the future has aroused a considerable world-wide concern. It is recently reported that in a ground-breaking fight between man and AI, the world champion of game Go was mercilessly defeated by Deep Mind Alpha Go, a product from Google, which gives rise to some people’s fear toward advanced AI i n future practice. And they take it for granted that human being would probably be totall y controlled by machine.As far as AI is concerned, I am fully convinced that we are supposed to maintain an obje ctive and positive attitude toward the emerging issue of artificial intelligence. It is know n to all that AI is nothing but the simulation of information on the process of conscious t hinking, or in another words, it’s something that subjects to its inventor’s design awaren ess. Consequently, as long as we are fully conscious of its possible disadvantages, certai n restrictions can be input into the program to avoid potential disastrous occurrences. Ad ditionally, it is well hoped that AI and intelligent machines can possibly free human labo rs from virtually all kinds of jobs. In that case/Above-mentioned discussion can safely le ad to the conclusion that what we are supposed to do is but to learn to get along with the inevitable development of computer technology and to adapt to the updated social struct ure changed by AI.What make happy couple happy?With the rapid development of modem society, an increasing number of people are c oncerned about the problem of the relationship between a husband and wife in our societ y. Not only the government but also the public have to pay more attention tothis phenomenon .Undoubtedly, it has brought about a great influence on people's work and living. Based on what has been discussed so far, it follows that some eflective solutions should be found to deal with the problem of the relationship between two people. On the one ha nd, the couples had better understand each other's daily habits so that they can form the s ame interests, which can make couples become happy on the other hand, no matter how close the relationship is between two people, we should give enough room to each other because keeping appropriate distance can make the two people more comfortable. Only i n these ways can we solve this problem successfully and eficctivcly.As far as I am concerned, no relationship will be free of difficulty or conflict. That happ y couples live happily is because that they are able to both apologize and forgive facing with difficulty or conflict.。

2010年英语专八真题及其答案

2010年英语专八真题及其答案

TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS （2010）—GRADE EIGHT-PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION （35 MIN）SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini—lecture。

You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY。

While listening，take notes on the important points。

Your notes will not be marked，but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture。

When the lecture is over，you will be given two minutes to check your notes，and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE。

Use the blank sheet for note—taking。

Complete the gap—filling task。

Some of the gaps below may require a maximum of THREE words。

Make sure the word（s）you fill in is （are) both grammatically ＆semantically acceptable。

You may refer to your notes。

Paralinguistic Features of LanguageIn face-to—face communication speakers often alter their tomes of voice or change their physical postures in order to convey messages。

在职申硕(同等学力)英语模拟试卷8(题后含答案及解析)

在职申硕(同等学力)英语模拟试卷8(题后含答案及解析)

在职申硕（同等学力）英语模拟试卷8(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Dialogue Communication 3. V ocabulary 4. Reading Comprehension 5. Cloze 7. Translation 9. WritingPaper OneDialogue CommunicationSection ADirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1．A: You have a call on line one. B: ______.A．I forgot to call you back.B．Actually, it’s two o’clock.C．Take a message for me, please.D．The lines are keeping busy.正确答案：C解析：A方告诉B方“有人通过一号线打电话给你”，B方请A方帮他记下口信。

2．A: I like that blue tie, but I can’t believe the price on it. I really can’t afford to spend that much money on a tie. B: ______.A．We have other colors for your choice.B．Don’t stand in the way if you can’t afford it.C．Sorry, but I can’t do anything about it. The price is set by the manufacturer.D．I think it’s on sale. Let me see, yes, fifteen percent off the last ticketed price. We could hold it for you if you want to think about it.正确答案：D解析：该对话发生在商店中，对话双方为顾客与售货员，双方正就一条领带展开对话。

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Part I Dialogue CommunicationPaper OneSection A1．选A。

A方显然是个传话人，说AT&T公司来的一个年轻人要见经理谈项目，问她是否有空。

注意选择答案时，要明白be engaged in这个说法的意思是“正在忙着”。

2．选A。

A方说在去参加会议前他得先吃饭，B方告诉他不需要那么麻烦，因为会议方会提供食物。

其他选项都显得文不对题。

3．选C。

A方显然在发急，抱怨自己事情多，希望有人能来帮帮她的忙。

选项C说，别指望我，我忙着呢。

4．选D。

显然该对话发生在餐馆中的顾客与服务员之间，顾客A方抱怨他点的菜过了二十分钟还没有上桌，服务员B方对此表示抱歉，并说马上为顾客上菜，选项D显得得体而礼貌，其他选项显得态度生硬，在此不适合作为回答。

5．选D。

A方叫B方小心搬运那已有200年历史的花瓶，可见其对此非常重视，作为回应，选项D较适合，承诺其会尽可能小心，让A方放心；而其他选项所体现的态度过于轻佻。

Section B6．选A。

jogging的意思是“慢跑”。

warm up是“热身”。

女士回答说她要先热身，因此应选A。

7．选B。

男士邀请女士一起去超市购物，但女士已答应了露西帮她画画，并且正期待着这一时刻的到来，可见她不打算接受男士的邀请与男士一起去购物。

8．选A。

本题的关键用语是Hold on。

男士说如果找不着自己的钱包就去报失了。

女士劝他沉住气，并建议他到处仔细找找看。

9．选C。

prices went up是“涨价”的意思。

女士在食品涨价后决定自己带午餐，因此应选C。

10．选B。

男士希望能看到全场，女士安慰他不管坐在哪里都能看到整个比赛，由此可推断出该对话双方身处一个运动场或赛场。

Part II V ocabularySection A11．选B。

画线词alleviate的意思等于lessened，即“减轻”，“缓解”。

本句句意为：证据表明：听觉问题可以通过改变饮食和运动习惯而得到减轻。

辨义：A．initiated发起；C．cured 治愈；D．complicated复杂化。

12．选C。

画线词ambiguous．的意思是：“模糊的，含糊的。

”本句的句意为：由于这个问题很含糊，所以被搁置不予考虑。

正确答案为C。

辨义：A．incorrect不正确、错误的；B．biased 有偏见的；C．vague模糊的；D．dull枯燥的。

13．选D。

画线词annoyed的意思是：(使)烦恼的。

本句的句意为：简对杰里来得这么迟感到很恼火。

正确答案为D。

辨义：A．put off推迟；B．put on穿上；C．put down放下、镇压；D．put out(使人)烦恼的。

用短语动词put out的过去分词形式可替换形容词annoyed。

14．选C。

画线词precaution：预防措施。

其含义等于选项C．preventive measures(预防性措施)。

本题的句意为：每年秋天都要打流感预防针，作为一种在即将到来的冬天可能发生的流感的预防措施。

辨义：A．required treatment所要求的治疗；B．free service免费服务；D．new therapy新的疗法。

故答案为C。

15．选D。

画线词approximately的意思等于D．about，即“大约、将近。

”本句的句意为：在原子裂变的现象中，原子核分裂成两个差不多同样大小的物质。

正确答案为D。

辨义：A．double两倍的；B．always总是；C．solidly坚固地。

16．选B。

画线词created在本句中的意思是：造成、带来。

相当于brought about。

故正确答案为B。

本句的句意为：工业革命期间城市的迅速扩展造成了住房危机。

辨义：A．avoided 避免；C．aggravation使恶化；D．started with从……开始。

17．选B。

画线词creative的意思是：创造性的。

与选项B inventive有发明能力的意思相近。

本句的句意为：马克·吐温是最有创作才能的美国作家之一。

正确答案为B。

其他词的辨义为：A．生产的productive；C．fanciful爱空想的；D。

灵巧的ingenious。

18．选C。

本题题句The agency’s ruling crippled their plans．的句意为：代理机构的裁决破坏了他们的计划。

画线词cripple的意义接近选项C．impaired。

故正确答案为C。

其他词的辨义：A．enhanced增强；B．prompted促进；D．advanced推进。

19．选A。

本句的句意为：这项立法对保持事业的好转极为重要。

画线词critical to的意思是：极为重要的、决定性的，与crucial for含义相同。

故正确答案为A。

辨义：B．contrary to相反的；C．objectionable for讨厌的；D．averse to不喜欢。

2 0．选B。

本题The recent medical breakthrough was the culmination of many long years of experimentation．题句的意思为：最近在医学方面取得的突破是多年漫长试验的最高峰。

正确答案为B。

画线词culmination N#3tNT climax，即“顶峰”之意。

辨义：A．result结果；B．climax顶点、最高峰；C．abyss深渊；D．cultivation耕种、耕作。

Section B21．选B。

本句的句意为：_____ (博客)申请之后，当然不能让空间闲置着。

辨义：A．smog 烟雾；B．blog博客；C．blob(墨水等)一滴、一团；D．blot污渍。

22．选B。

本句的句意为：那个小渔村现已_____ (发展成为)一个重要港口。

辨义：A．opened 开放；B．blossomed开花、发展；C．blown打、击；D．sprouted发芽。

23．选A。

本题的句意为：_____ (尽管)天气不好，我们还是决定去野餐。

本题所给四个选项意思都是“虽然，即使”，但用法不同。

辨义：in spite需要加of才能接宾语；although 和though后面要接句子，是连词；despite等于in spite of。

故A为正确答案。

24．选C。

本题的句意为：请乘客(注意)不要把自己的行李包裹留在这里。

辨义：A．commanded 命令，指挥，其命令多为军事命令；B．informed和C．notified都表示“将某事告诉或通知某人”。

inform强调直接将任何种类的事实或知识告诉或传递给某人；notify指用官方公告或正式通知书将应该或需要知道的事告知某人；D．“ordered命令”，可以指各种命令，比command使用范围广。

根据句意，C为正确答案。

25．选C。

本句的句意为：法院撤销了监禁的_____ (判决)，那个人自由了。

本句需提案的词为decree。

辨义：A．demand需求；B．direction指示；C．decree法令、命令；D．declaration 宣布。

26．选A。

本句的句意为：泰国有四家银行倒闭，这在商人中引起了_____ (恐慌)。

辨义：A．panic恐慌、惊慌；B．horror恐怖、恐惧；C．nightmare噩梦；D．chaos混乱、紊乱。

根据题意上下文，选项A应为正确答案。

27．选C。

本句的句意为：骆驼的——(特点是)能行走好几天也不用喝水。

根据句意，需加的词为characterized，即“以……为特征。

”辨义：A．总结、概括summarized；B．symbolized 象征；D．represented代表，表述。

28．选C。

选项C．but for的意思是“要不是……的话，就……_____。

”根据句意“要不是因为这次参加考试的话，我就会去听音乐会了。

”因此，选项C应为正确答案。

辨义：A．In spite of不管；B．Because of由于；D．As for至于，关于。

29．选A。

此处需加上名词性连接词the moment，意思是：立即，马上。

根据句意：我们虽然15年没有见面了，但是我一看见他，_____ (马上)就认出了她。

辨义：A．the moment，在某一时刻，就……；B．the moment as，非固定成语；C．for the moment在某一时刻。

30．选C。

本题题句Tom doesn’t think he could ever_____ what is called“free-style”poetry 的意思是：汤姆没有想到他竟然会对自由体诗(感上了)兴趣。

辨义：A．take on承担，担当(任务等)；B．take over接管，接过来；C．take to意为begin to like，即开始喜欢上(某种东西)；D．take after模仿，长得像(某人)。

因此，选项C适合题意，为正确答案。

Part III Reading ComprehensionPassage One[短文大意]本文讲述了校车司机与学生乘客之间信任融洽的关系，并由此体现出整个社区的和谐共处。

[题目精解]31．选D。

mirror和reflection都有“反映”的意思。

reflection的动词是reflect，在第一段中出现了两次。

vehicle是“交通工具”，device是“装置”，need是“需要”，都不符合句意。

32．选C。

第三段中Liesl所说的话，“…has always been a good friend and a good listener”以及“always listens to what you have to say and makes you feel important．”可以看出，她们喜欢Bruce Hardy是因为他愿意倾听，让她们感到自己的重要性。

而其他三个选项只是说明Bruce Hardy是一位经验丰富，技术过硬的老司机，并不是小女孩们喜欢他的直接原因。

故选C。

33．选A。

该题问的是：Bruce Hardy为Althouse公交公司工作了多少年了?第四段的第二句话是这么说的，“This year he will celebrate 30 years working for Althouse Bus Company”(今年，他要庆祝为Althous公交公司工作30年)，故选A。

34．选C。

该题问的是：下面的哪一种说法不符合Brice Hardy实际情况。

选项A可见于第三段第二行，即上一题中讲到他愿意倾听，所以很受小女孩们的欢迎，所以正确。

选项B 在第四段中有提及“He has never missed a day of work”，正确。

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