广州八年级英语下册unit知识点讲解与练习题附复习资料

第一节：语法选择
1. Yao Ming is one of ____________ in the world.
A. most famous basketball player
B. the most famous basketball player
C. the most famous basketball players
D. the more famous basketball players
2. When you phoned me at 7 o’clock yesterday, I ___________ TV.
A. watched
B. have watched
C. was watching
D. am watching
3. My little brother was ___________ in collecting stamps.
A. interest
B. interested
C. interesting
D. interests
4. The reporter gives ____________ information to readers.
A. a number of
B. much
C. the number of
D. many
5. I _________ a meal when you _________ me.
A. cooked; were phoning
B. was cooking; phoned
C. was cooking; were phoning
D. cooked; phoned
6. Benjamin Franklin was curious __________ how things worked.
A. in
B. on
C. about
D. of
7. -- ______________________
-- Oh, that would be good. Thanks a lot.
A. Could you help me?
B. Please pick up the book.
C. I’m sorry. I broke the vase.
D. Can I help you with anything?
8. My grandmother has four grandchildren, _________ me.
A. includes
B. including
C. included
D. include
9. My parents have always encouraged me _________ anything I want to.
A. to try
B. trying
C. tried
D. tries
10. _______ she was watching TV, she heard a sound outside the room.
A. When
B. As
C. As soon as
D. While
第二节：语法选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
When I had something difficult to do, I used to ask my mother 11 help. But she always said, “Do it yourself, dear.” I was not glad at all. I 12 she was the laziest mother in the world!
For example, one day, I decided to invite 13 friends to my home. My bedroom was not in order. 14 I didn’t make the bed. I asked 15 mother to help me clean it, but she said, “Do it yourself, girl.”So I did it by myself. And she made me unhappy for 16 long time.
17 my mother is “lazy”, I have to wash my clothes and clean my room. I have to help my parents 18 housework. I even have to go to the dentist by myself. It is really hard for me to do everything well，but I have learned 19 ．
As time goes by，I understand my mother．She makes me clever and diligent. What a great mother! A good mother 20 equal to one hundred teachers! Don’t you think so?
11. A. in B. for C. to D. of
12. A. think B. am thinking C. thought D. will think
13. A. some B. any C. 1ittle D. few
14. A. But B. So C. Or D. And
15. A. I B. me C. my D. mine
16. A. a B. an C. the D.／
17. A. If B. Until C. Because D. Before
18. A. do B. doing C. did D. done
19. A. a little B. a lot C. a little of D. a lot of
20. A. is B. are C. have been D. had been
三、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
Bessie Coleman was born in the USA. Her family was 21 . She was in college for only one year. She had to 22 because she did not have enough money to finish her studies. But during that year, she learned about 23 . She read about the first flight of the Wright Brothers and the first American woman pilot, Harriet Quimby. Bessie often thought about what it would feel like to fly like a bird.
24 the age of 23, Bessie Coleman went to Chicago. There, she did some ordinary jobs. But she wanted to do something more important. She decided to learn 25 to fly planes. She soon found 26 was almost impossible to get into a flight school, which would admit a 27 woman?
Bessie learned that she would have a better chance in Europe. So she began to study 28 at a language school in Chicago．
After World War I, Bessie Coleman went to France. She went to the famous 29 school in northern France. She learned to fly in a plane there. She 30 seven months of flight training and in 1921 got her international permit to fly in France. She became the first black woman ever to have an international pilot’s license.
21. A. rich B. poor C. big D. small
22. A. 1eave B. come C. arrive D. stay
23. A. singing B. jumping C. flying D. driving
24. A. With B. To C. For D. At
25. A. where B. when C. how D. why
26. A. that B. this C. it D. there
27. A. beautiful B. smart C. white D. black
28. A. English B. French C. Chinese D. Japanese
29. A. art B. flight C. language D. dance
30. A. finished B. provided C. missed D. changed
四、阅读理解（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
A
The Presidents of the USA
Many American presidents in the 19th century were born in poor families. They spent their childhood in little wooden houses. They got little education. Washington and
Lincoln, for example, never went to school and they taught themselves. Lincoln once did jobs of a worker, shopkeeper and post officer in his early years.
Many US presidents had experiences in the army. The two best-known were Ulysses Grant and Dwight D. Eisenhower. Grant was a general and Eisenhower was a hero in the war. It so happened that they graduated from the same school -- West Point Military Academy. People may be surprised to learn that both of them did not do well in the school. Eisenhower, for example, was once fined because he broke the rules of the school.
The jobs of US presidents are tiring. He must keep an eye on anything important which happens both at home and abroad. Every day, a lot of work waits for him to do, and he has to decide on a lot of things. When Franklin Roosevelt was a child, he was once brought to visit President Taft．The old president said to him, “When you grow up，you should not be president. It’s a tiring job.”
31. In the 19th century，many US presidents______________.
A. worked as workers, shop-keepers and post officers in their early years
B. didn’t want to go to school when they were young
C. didn’t know much about their work
D. couldn’t receive good education before they grew up
32. President Eisenhower became well-known____________.
A. when he was a child
B. after he became President of the USA
C. in the war
D. while studying in West Point Military Academy
33. The main idea of the second paragraph is ______________.
A. Grant and Eisenhower became well-known because they both graduated from
a famous school
B. many of the US presidents had been in the army before they took office
C. Eisenhower didn’t do well in the school
D. only people from military schools could be presidents
34. What does the underlined phrase “keep an eye on” in the third paragraph mean?
A. Never keep in mind.
B. Pay no attention to.
C. Look at something with one eye.
D. Pay close attention to.
35. Which of the following is TRUE according to the last paragraph?
A. It is an important and tiring job to be the US president.
B. President Taft didn’t want Roosevelt to be a president because he was too young.
C. None of the presidents except Taft could do the tiring job.
D. In the USA no one wanted to be president because it was too tiring.
36. Which of the two hotels can we swim at?
A. Beijing Hotel
B. Changcheng Hotel
C. Neither
D. Both
37. If we want to set off around National Day (国庆节), which departure date should we choose?
A. 8 June
B.29 July
C. 30 August
D. 30 September
38. We cannot book by telephone at _________.
A. 9:00 a.m., Monday
B. 9:00 p.m., Thursday
C. 9:00 a.m., Saturday
D. 9:00 p.m., Sunday
39. According to the ad (), which of the following is TRUE?
A. This ad is given by a Beijing travel company.
B. Changcheng Hotel is in the centre of Beijing.
C. We can save ￥500 leaving in late August instead of late September.
D. We can stay in Beijing for four nights and four days.
40. Where can you probably read the ad?
A. A story book.
B. A novel.
C. A guide book.
D. A notebook.
五、写作（共三节，满分25分）
第一节：单词拼写（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
41. A car a_____________ happened here yesterday.
42. Lang Lang’s s_______________ came at a price.
43. Michael Phelps won 8 gold m____________ in 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.
44. Bees (蜜蜂) are h___________________ animals.
45. Heath Francis o_____________ a lot of problems before winning the matches.
第二节：完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
46. 工人们对于每天做同样的事情感到厌倦。

Workers _________ __________ __________ doing the same things every day.
47. 杰克正在看电视播放的卡通。

Jack is watching cartoons _____________ ______________.
48. 郎朗三岁开始上钢琴课。

Lang Lang began taking piano lessons ______ ________ _______ _______ three.
49. 玛丽的母亲对她要求很严格。

Mary’s mother _________ ___________ _________ her.
50. 由于长时间的工作，怀特先生昨天病了。

Mr. White _________ ________ yesterday because of long-time work.
第三节：书面表达（10分）
请根据以下要点和提示词写一篇60词左右的作文。

1. 比尔·盖茨是世界上最富有的人之一，他以个人电脑软件而闻名。

2. 比尔·盖茨1955年10月28日出生于美国西雅图。

3. 他13岁开始对电脑程序产生兴趣，1973年进入哈佛大学学习。

4. 1975年他与好友成立微软公司，目前是全球最大的电脑软件供应商。

5. 比尔·盖茨是一个充满爱心的人。

他喜欢打高尔夫球和网球。

提示词：Bill Gates, be famous for, personal, software, Seattle, Harvard University, Microsoft Corporation, provider, kind-hearted, golf
_____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ __
1.raise v. 筹集；提升；增加
第三人称单数：raises 过去式：raised 过去分词：raised 现在分词：raising
搭配：raise one’s voice 提高嗓门；raise a family 养家糊口；
raise money 筹款；raise price 提高价格；
raise one’s spirits 打起精神 raise = keep 有“饲养，抚养”的意思，如：
raise cattle = keep cattle（饲养牲口）和raise children（抚养孩子）
辨析：raise, rise(rise--rose--risen)的区别
(1) 这两个词都有“提高，上升，增加”的意思，但其用法不同。

raise rise
例如： The sun rises and bathes the earth. 太阳升起，普照大地。

(2) raise和rise用于同一事物时含义不同。

例如：
The price of TV sets has been raised recently. 最近电视机提价了。

（政府或厂家主动
行动）
The price of TV sets has risen recently. 最近电视机提价了。

（市场调节）
2.permission n. = agreement 准许；批准
Write a letter to the head teacher to ask permission to raise money. 给校长写一封信
请求允许筹钱。

同根词：permit v. = allow you to do it 许可，准许；默许
The guards permitted me to bring my camera and tape recorder.
3.disabled adj. 有伤残的；丧失能力的；不中用
I taught disabled children to sing. 我教残疾的孩子唱歌。

同根词：disable v. = make (sb.) unable to do sth. 使无能力；使残废，使伤残
He is disabled from voting. 他失去了选举资格。

enable v. = make (sb.) able to do sth. 使（某人）能够做某事
The new test should enable doctors to detect the disease early.
新的检测手段应该能够使医生们尽早查出这种疾病。

搭配：mentally disabled 有智力缺陷 learning disabilities 学习障碍
4.offer v. = be willing to do something 主动提出
Peter offered to teach them water-skiing. 彼得主动提出教他们滑水。

They have offered me a large sum of money to go away.
他们曾为我提供一大笔搬迁费
provide用于表示无主动慷慨之意地为人或物提供需要或有用的东西，仅仅是出于某种责任，强调提供必须用的东西，尤其是生活用品。

常用于或的固定搭配中。

offer表示主动提供服务、工作等。

常用于或固定搭配中。

例如：offer sb.主动提出帮助某人；offer sb. a good salary 给某人一个好工资。

Somehow she managed to provide her children with food and clothing. 她总算设法使她的孩子有饭吃，有衣穿。

He offered me a glass of wine. = He offered a glass of wine to me. 他端给我一杯酒。

5.illness n. （某种）病
The children there all suffer from serious illness. 那里的孩子都遭受疾病的折磨。

同根词：ill adj. 有病的（比较级：worse, 最高级：worst）
ill和sick都有“生病的；有病的”之意，但用法并不完全相同。

ill
而sick既可以作表语又可以作定语，如“病人”可以说a sick man或the sick, 但不能说an ill man或the ill。

例如：
She is ill/sick in bed. 她卧病在床。

She is looking after her sick father. 她在照顾她生病的父亲。

例如：The smell makes me sick. 这气味使我感到恶心。

例如： He is an ill man. 他是一个邪恶的人。

anize v. 组织
In the end, we all decided to organize a concert for Easter. 最终，我们一致决定组织一场复活节音乐会。

同根词：organization n. 组织；机构；团体
What do you know about our organization? 关于我们的组织你知道些什么？
7.express v. 表达；表露
This helps them express their feelings. 这有助于他们表达他们的情感。

同根词：expression n. 表现，表示，表达；表情
She gave expression to her sadness. 她流露出了悲伤之情。

8.lonely adj. 孤独的；寂寞的；荒凉的（比较级：lonelier最高级：loneliest）It felt like the loneliest place in the world. 感觉这就像是天底下最荒凉的地方。

alone为形容词，意为“单独的”
人，没有助手或同伴，没有感情色彩的只表示客观的状态。

lonely意为“孤独的”，表示主观上感到孤独、寂寞，有较浓的感情色彩，指因缺少朋友、同情、友谊等产生的一种悲伤和忧郁的感情。

它为形容词，在句中
alone还可以作副词。

alone adv. 单独；独自
She went home alone. = She went home by herself. 她独自回家去了。

The old man lives in a lonely town, he lives alone but he doesn’t feel lonely.
这位老人住在偏僻的镇上，他独自一人住着，但他并不感到孤独。

9.friendship n. 友情；友谊同根词：friend n. 朋友复数：friends.
I had a long talk about this with my best friend.
friendly adj. 友好的
Robert has a friendly relationship with his customers.
friendliness n. 友善
She also loves the friendliness of the people. 她也喜欢人们的友善。

10.difficulty n. = be not able to do something easily 困难；费劲
The country is facing great economic difficulties. 该国正面临巨大的经济困难。

同根词：difficult adj. = hard to do 困难的
The child is going through a difficult phase. 那孩子正经历困难的阶段。

I had no difficulty (in) making myself understood. 我毫不费力地表达了自己的意思。

The bank is in difficulty/difficulties. 这家银行处境困难。

11.joy n. = a feeling of great happiness 愉快；喜悦
I taught them to sing because music can bring them joy and peace.
我教他们唱歌，因为音乐能带给他们喜悦与宁静。

同根词：joyful n. 快乐的，高兴的；令人开心的，使人喜悦的
He was excited and joyful at the success. 他因成功而激动欣喜。

To her joy her son was permitted to a key university.
12.peace n. 平静；宁静
the Nobel Peace Prize 诺贝尔和平奖
One more question and I’ll leave you in peace. 再问一个问题，我就不打扰你了。

同根词：peaceful adj. 和平的；爱好和平的；安静的；平静的
Evening in the country is a very peaceful time. 乡村里的今晚是平静安谧的时刻。

13.hurt v. = injure 使疼痛；受伤
Tim hurt his legs in an accident, but he has lots of courage.
提姆在一次事故中伤了腿，但他很勇敢。

同根词：hurt adj. 受伤的；痛苦的；（受）损坏的
They did not seem to be badly hurt. 他们看起来没有受重伤。

Have you hurt yourself? 你伤着自己了吗？
14. courage n. 勇气；勇敢
He showed great courage and determination. 他表现得十分勇敢和果断。

同根词：encourage v. 鼓励，鼓舞；支持；促进；鼓动
My English teacher often encourages us to read English aloud. 搭配：Taking her courage in both hands, she opened the door and walked in.
她壮着胆打开门，走了进去。

courage in the face of danger 面对危险时的胆量
15. pay v. 付款；偿还
We paid ₤35 for each ticket. 我们每张票付了35英镑。

同根词：pay n. 工资；薪水；报答
They complained about their pay and conditions.
他们抱怨他们的薪水和工作条件。

搭配：
访
辨析：
spend, take, cost 和pay 的用法区别：
take, spend, cost, pay 都可以表示“花费”，但用法却不尽相同。

spend
在……上花费时间（金钱）。

例
如： I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。

花费时间（金钱）做某事。

例如： They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。

花钱买……
例如： His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。

cost，常见用法如下：
(1)
如： A new computer costs a lot of money.
(2)
例如： Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time.
他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。

cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost，并且不能用于被动句。

take
做某事花了某人多少时间。

例如： It took them three years to build this road. 他们用三年时间修完了这条路。

例如： Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。

pay的基本用法是：
例如：
I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month.
付……的钱例如：
I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。

例如：
Don’t worry! I’ll pay for you. 别担心，我会给你付钱的。

付钱给某人例如：
They pay us every month. 他们每月给我们报酬。

还钱例如：
May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I’ll pay it back next week.
cost……某物价值多少元The book costs 2 yuan. 那本书2元钱。

spend……某人花费多少元We spend 2 yuan buying the book.
少）。

The car cost him around ten thousand US dollars. 这车花去他一万美元左右。

The error cost the company one million pounds. 这错误使公司损失了一百万英镑。

spend 主语只能是人，表示“……在……上花费了……”
I spent $100 on the bike. 我花了一百美元买下那辆自行车。

They spent three months touring Europe. 他们花了三个月时间周游欧洲。

总结：
二、语法选择与运用
第一节：1-5 CCBBC 6-10 DBAAD
第二节：11-15 BCADC 16-20 ACABA
三、完形填空
21-25 BACDC 26-30 CDBBA
四、阅读理解
31-35 DCBDA 36-40 ADDCC
五、写作
第一节：41. accident 42. success 43. medals 44. hard-working 45. overcame
第二节：46. are tired of (tired 1分)
47. on television 48. at the age of
49. is strict with (strict 1分) 50. fell ill
第三节：内容5分、准确性3分、流畅性2分
Bill Gates is one of the richest men in the world. He is famous for the software for personal computers. He was born on 28 October, 1955 in Seattle, America. He began his interest in computer programming at the age of 13 and entered Harvard University in 1973. Two years later, he set up Microsoft Corporation with his good friend. Nowadays, Microsoft has become the biggest provider of computer software
all over the world. Bill Gates is a kind-hearted man. He enjoys playing golf and tennis.。