TRADEMARK INFRINGEMENT IN DOMAIN NAMES： A PERSPECTIVE TO .IR CCTLD
常见英语法律词汇汇总
常见英语法律词汇汇总英语法律词汇的掌握对于专业律师、法律翻译和涉及法律领域的相关行业从业人员来说是非常重要的。
下面将详细介绍一些常见的英语法律词汇，以便大家更好地理解和运用。
1. Law - 法律Law refers to a system of rules and regulations that are created and enforced by a particular country or community.2. Legal - 法律的Legal pertains to anything related to the law or its requirements.3. Legislation - 立法Legislation refers to the process of creating new laws or modifying existing laws.4. Statute - 法规A statute is a written law that has been formally passed by a legislative body.5. Regulation - 规定A regulation is a rule or directive that is issued by an executive branch of government in order to implement a law.6. Act - 法案An act is a formal written record of a decision made by a legislative body. Acts can be used to create new laws or modify existing ones.7. Legal system - 法律体系A legal system is a framework of rules, institutions, and procedures within which disputes are resolved and laws are made and enforced.8. Court - 法院A court is a governmental body with authority to resolve legal disputes.Courts apply the law to make decisions and judgments.9. Judge - 法官A judge is a public official who presides over court proceedings and makes decisions based on the law.10. Jury - 陪审团A jury is a group of citizens who are chosen to hear evidence and decide the outcome of a trial.11. Defendant - 被告A defendant is a person or entity that is accused of committing a crime or is being sued in a civil case.12. Plaintiff - 原告A plaintiff is a person or entity that brings a lawsuit against another party in a civil case.13. Prosecutor - 检察官A prosecutor is a lawyer who represents the government in criminal cases and is responsible for presenting the case against the defendant.14. Attorney - 律师An attorney is a person who is qualified and licensed to practice law, and is responsible for providing legal advice and representation to clients.15. Evidence - 证据Evidence is any information or material that is presented in court to prove or disprove a fact or issue in a case.16. Testimony - 证词Testimony is the oral or written statement given by a witness under oath in a court proceeding.17. Contract - 合同A contract is a legally binding agreement between two or more parties that creates rights and obligations.18. Tort - 侵权行为A tort is a civil wrong that causes harm or loss to another person, and can result in a legal liability.19. Liability - 责任Liability refers to legal responsibility for one's actions or omissions that cause harm to others.20. Damages - 损害赔偿Damages are monetary compensation awarded by a court to a party who hassuffered harm or loss as a result of another's actions.21. Intellectual property - 知识产权Intellectual property refers to creations of the mind such as inventions, literary and artistic works, symbols, names, and designs that are protected by law.22. Copyright - 版权Copyright is a legal protection that gives the creator of an original work the exclusive right to reproduce, distribute, and display the work.23. Trademark - 商标A trademark is a distinctive sign or symbol that is used to identify and distinguish goods or services of one party from those of others.24. Patent - 专利A patent is a government grant that gives inventors the exclusive right to make, use, and sell their inventions for a limited period of time.25. Constitutional law - 宪法法律Constitutional law refers to the body of law that deals with theinterpretation and application of a country's constitution.26. Civil law - 民法Civil law refers to the body of law that governs private disputes between individuals or organizations.27. Criminal law - 刑法Criminal law refers to the body of law that deals with crimes and the punishment of those who commit them.28. International law - 国际法International law refers to the body of rules and principles that govern the relations between states and international organizations.29. Human rights - 人权Human rights are fundamental rights and freedoms that every individual is entitled to, regardless of their nationality, race, gender, or other characteristics.30. Constitutional rights - 宪法权利Constitutional rights are the rights and freedoms guaranteed to individuals by a country's constitution, which serve as the foundation for the legal protection of citizens.31. Due process - 正当程序Due process refers to the fair and impartial treatment of individuals within the legal system, ensuring that their rights are protected and upheld throughout legal proceedings.32. Legal precedent - 法律先例Legal precedent refers to a previously decided case that serves as a guiding principle or authority in subsequent similar cases, providing a basis forlegal interpretation and decision-making.33. Rule of law - 法治The rule of law is the principle that all individuals, including government officials, are subject to and equal before the law, ensuring accountability, fairness, and justice in society.34. Judicial review - 司法审查Judicial review is the power of a court to review and evaluate the constitutionality and legality of laws, regulations, and governmental actions.35. Legal counsel - 法律顾问Legal counsel refers to the advice and representation provided by a lawyer or legal professional to individuals, businesses, or organizations in legal matters.36. Legal ethics - 法律道德Legal ethics are the professional standards and principles that govern the conduct and behavior of lawyers, ensuring integrity, confidentiality, and loyalty to clients.37. Mediation - 调解Mediation is a form of alternative dispute resolution in which a neutral third party facilitates communication and negotiation between conflicting parties to help them reach a mutually acceptable agreement.38. Arbitration - 仲裁Arbitration is a method of resolving disputes outside of court, where aneutral third party, called an arbitrator, reviews the evidence and makes a binding decision.39. Legal research - 法律研究Legal research involves the systematic investigation and analysis of legal principles, statutes, regulations, and cases to support legal arguments and provide accurate legal advice.40. Legal writing - 法律写作Legal writing refers to the clear and concise communication of legal information, including legal opinions, contracts, briefs, and other legal documents, in a manner that is easily understood by the intended audience.41. Legal interpretation - 法律解释Legal interpretation is the process of analyzing and understanding the meaning and intention behind laws, statutes, and legal texts, in order to apply them accurately to specific cases or situations.42. Legal advocacy - 法律倡导Legal advocacy involves representing and defending the interests, rights, and positions of clients in legal proceedings, using persuasive arguments and evidence to support their case.43. Legal education - 法律教育Legal education encompasses the academic study and professional training of individuals aspiring to become lawyers or legal professionals, providing them with the necessary knowledge and skills to practice law.44. Legal system reform - 法律体系改革Legal system reform refers to efforts to improve and update a country's legal system, including its laws, institutions, and procedures, in order to enhance access to justice, efficiency, and fairness.45. Intellectual Property Rights - 知识产权Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) refer to the legal rights granted to individuals or organizations for their creative and innovative works, such as inventions, literary and artistic works, trademarks, and designs. These rights enable creators and innovators to have exclusive control over their creations and prevent others from unauthorized use or exploitation.46. Trade Secret - 商业秘密A trade secret is confidential business information that provides a competitive advantage to its owner. It can include formulas, processes, customer lists, and other valuable information that is not generally known or easily discoverable. Trade secrets are protected by law, and unauthorized acquisition, use, or disclosure of trade secrets can result in legal action.47. Infringement - 侵权Infringement refers to the unauthorized or unlawful use, reproduction, distribution, or display of copyrighted works, trademarks, or otherintellectual property without the permission of the rights holder. Infringement can result in legal consequences, including injunctions, damages, and penalties.48. Fair Use - 合理使用Fair use is a legal doctrine that allows limited use of copyrighted works without the permission of the rights holder, for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, or research. The determination of fair use depends on several factors, including the purpose and character of the use, the nature of the copyrighted work, the amount and substantiality used, and the effect on the potential market for the work.49. Legal Aid - 法律援助Legal aid refers to the provision of free or low-cost legal services to individuals who cannot afford to pay for legal representation. It ensures access to justice for marginalized and disadvantaged individuals and helps balance the scales of justice by providing equal opportunities for legal protection and representation.50. Pro Bono - 免费法律服务Pro bono refers to the provision of legal services voluntarily and without charge by lawyers or law firms to individuals or organizations in need. Pro bono work aims to promote equal access to justice and assist those who cannot afford legal representation.51. Legal Clinic - 法律诊所A legal clinic is a facility or program that provides legal assistance and advice to individuals, usually under the supervision of licensed attorneys or law professors. Legal clinics often serve as training grounds for law students to gain practical experience while offering free or low-cost legal services to underserved communities.52. Confidentiality - 保密Confidentiality is the ethical and legal duty to keep information shared by clients or obtained during the course of legal representation confidential. Lawyers are obligated to protect the privacy and confidentiality of their clients and can face disciplinary action if they disclose privileged or confidential information without authorization.53. Conflict of Interest - 利益冲突A conflict of interest arises when a person, such as a lawyer, has competing personal, professional, or financial interests that could compromise their objectivity, judgment, or loyalty to their client. Lawyers must avoidconflicts of interest and, if they arise, disclose them to the client and take appropriate measures to address them.54. Legal Precedent - 法律先例Legal precedent, also known as case law, refers to the past decisions of higher courts that establish binding legal principles and interpretation of the law. Lower courts are generally bound to follow the precedent set by higher courts unless there are compelling reasons to depart from it.55. Legal System Hierarchy - 法律体系层级Legal systems often have a hierarchical structure, with different levels of courts and judicial authorities. Generally, the hierarchy starts with trial courts or district courts at the lowest level, followed by appellate courts or high courts, and ultimately the highest court, such as a supreme court or constitutional court, which has the final authority to interpret and apply the law.56. Legal Dispute Resolution - 法律纠纷解决Legal dispute resolution refers to the methods and processes used to resolve conflicts and disputes between parties, including negotiation, mediation, arbitration, and litigation. Different dispute resolution mechanisms offer varying degrees of formality, cost, flexibility, and finality, allowingparties to choose the most suitable approach for their specific circumstances.57. Legal Liability - 法律责任Legal liability is the legal responsibility or obligation to compensate someone for harm or loss resulting from one's actions or omissions. It can arise from various areas of law, such as tort law, contract law, or criminallaw, and may involve civil or criminal liability depending on the nature of the offense.58. Legal Reform - 法律改革Legal reform refers to deliberate and systematic changes made to improve and update the legal system and its processes. Legal reform aims to address shortcomings, enhance access to justice, promote fairness and efficiency, and adapt the law to social, economic, and technological developments in order to better serve the needs of society.59. Legal Compliance - 法律合规Legal compliance refers to the adherence and conformity to applicable laws, regulations, and legal requirements. Individuals, businesses, and organizations must ensure that their activities and operations comply with the law to avoid legal penalties, reputational damage, and other adverse consequences.60. Legal Due Diligence - 法律尽职调查Legal due diligence involves the careful examination, investigation, and assessment of legal risks and obligations associated with a particular transaction, investment, or business activity. Legal due diligence aims to identify and mitigate potential legal issues, liabilities, or regulatory compliance problems that could impact the outcome or viability of the transaction or activity.以上是一些常见的英语法律词汇汇总，这些词汇的掌握对于从事法律领域工作的人员来说非常重要。
英语点津
情绪失控go bananasBananas，又香又甜的香蕉几乎人人爱吃，但对香蕉爱得最疯狂的可能得数猴子了。
猴子看到香蕉会兴奋得忘乎所以，又叫又跳。
Go bananas这个习惯用语就来源于此。
当然它并不一定只用来形容猴子。
如果某人在特定情境下像猴子看到香蕉那样激动得上窜下跳、又喊又叫，甚至行为失常，那这个人必定是情绪失控了，这个时候我们就可以说he is going bananas.Yummy mummy is a slang term used in the United Kingdom to describe young, attractive and wealthy mothers. The term developed in the 2000s, and was often applied to celebrity mothers such as Liz Hurley or Victoria Beckham, who appeared to quickly regain their pre-pregnancy figures after giving birth, and would continue to lead carefree and affluent lifestyles.Yummy mummy是英国俚语，指那些年轻、漂亮又有钱的妈妈们，我们简称为“漂亮妈妈”。
这个词出现于本世纪初期，多用来描述伊丽莎白•赫利或维多利亚•贝克汉姆等明星妈妈，她们能在产后迅速恢复身材，然后继续过着她们无忧无虑且富足的生活。
The city government of Ankang on Thursday evening apologized to a woman who underwent a forced abortion at a hospital in Northwest China's Shaanxi province, adding that officials who have been found to be responsible for the incident will be relieved of their duties.陕西省安康市政府周四晚向被在医院强制引产的一名孕妇道歉，并称将对对此事负责的官员做出停职处理。
李长栓_我的学生如何练习翻译
我的学生如何练习翻译（一）/李长栓星期五, 04/17/2009 - 07:44 —李长栓我的学生如何练习翻译（一）李长栓北京外国语大学高级翻译学院以下收录的是2007年春天我给学生布置的一次作业。
大家重点看“译者注”部分。
译者注是我对学生每次作业的要求，它用来记录译者思考和调查研究的过程。
这次作业是期末考评，平时作业没有这么长。
译者是何沙同学，已经毕业，目前在北航工作。
关键词：笔译翻译汉译英译者注注释调查研究理解表达北外高翻教学翻译要求请大家在充分调查论证的基础上，翻译以下文章。
请用注释的形式写出“翻译根据”。
翻译根据包括（但不限于）根据翻译目的对翻译方法（策略）的选择；术语的出处或论证过程；译文选词、造句、结构、篇章等方面的考虑；等等。
原文在国内众多的历史课本或辅导爱国读本中，讲到北宋的社会经济，往往说这时期出现了中国第一个商标。
这枚传说中的白兔商标现存于中国历史博物馆，中间一个白兔图，寓“玉兔捣药”之意，两边刻有：“收买上等钢条，造工夫细针，认门前白兔儿为记”，据专家考证，应为山东一家“济南刘家工夫针铺”的铜版标志。
这个白兔商标是否和大多数“我古已有之“的中国古物相似不得而知。
但以今日的眼光看，这个白兔固然算得商标，但却缺乏近现代商标制度所赋予的法律意义，就好像1262年，意大利人在他们制造的纸张上采用了水纹（Watermark）作为产品标志一样，缺乏国家的制度保护，因而也不能完全获得商标所带来的利益。
人类在运用符号的历史源远流长，当这种行为逐渐从精神象征走向功利性标记时，当这种符号与商品概念结合起来时，“商标”就出现了。
商标这种事物原本是为区别商品的服务的来源应运用而生的，这是商标的根本功能。
就像WTO《与贸易有关的知识产权协议》指出的：“只要能够将一企业的货物和服务区别于其他企业的货物或服务，即能够构成商标。
”而商标保护，则是从法律意义上确立私权的不可侵犯，它的兴起，与工业化和现代企业的出现息息相关，天然的属于市场经济。
国际经济贸易词汇贸易价格术语
国际经济贸易词汇贸易价格术语t r a d e t e r m/p r i c e t e r m价格术语[p r a?s t?m]w o r l d/i n t e r n a t i o n a l m a r k e t p r i c e国际市场价格F O B(f r e e o n b o a r d)离岸价C&F(c o s t a n d f r e i g h t)成本加运费价C I F(c o s t,i n s u r a n c e a n d f r e i g h t)到岸价f r e igh t[f r e t]运费w h a r f a g e['w?:f?d?]码头费l a n d i n g c h a r g e s卸货费c u s t o m sd u t y[?k?s t?m z?d u t i]关税p o r t d u e s[d u:s]港口税i m p o r t s u r c h a r g e[??m p?r t?s?:?t?ɑr d?]进口附加税i m p o r t v a r i a b l e d u t i e s进口差价税c o m m i s s i o n[k??m???n]佣金r e t u r n c o m m i s s i o n回佣，回扣p r i c e i n c l u d i n g c o m m i s s i o n含佣价n e t p r i c e[n?t p r a?s]净价w h o l e s a l e p r i c e[?h o l?s e l p r a?s]批发价d i s c o u n t/a l l o w a n c e[??l a??n s]折扣r e t a i l p r i c e[?r i:t e?l]零售价s p o t p r i c e现货价格c u r r e n t p r i c e现行价格/时价i n d i c a t i v e p r i c e[?n?d?k?t?v]参考价格c u s t o m s v a l u a t i o n[?k?s t?m z?v?l j u?e??n]海关估价p r i c e l i s t价目表t o t a l v a l u e总值贸易保险术语A l l R i s k s[r?s k]一切险[f r i f r?m p??t?k j?l???v?r?d?]平安险W.A./W.P.A(W i t h A v e r a g e o r W i t h P a r t i c u l a r A v e r a g e)水渍险W a r R i s k战争险[?d?m?d?]淡水雨淋险Risk of Intermixture [??nt?'m?kst??]and Contamination[k?n?t?m??ne??n]混杂、玷污险R i s k o f L e a k a g e[?l i k?d?]渗漏险R i s k o f O d o r['o?d?]串味险R i s k o f R u s t[r?s t]锈蚀险S h o r t a g e R i s k短缺险S t r i k e s R i s k罢工险贸易机构词汇W T O(W o r l d T r a d e O r g a n i z a t i o n)世界贸易组织I M F(I n t e r n a t i o n a l M o n e t a r y[?m?n?t e r i]F u n d)国际货币基金组织C T G(C o u n c i l[?k a?n s?l]f o r T r a d e i n G o o d s)货币贸易理事会E F T A(E u r o p e a n F r e e T r a d e A s s o c i a t i o n)欧洲自由贸易联盟A F T A(A S E A N[??s i?n]F r e e T r a d e A r e a[?e r i?])东盟自由贸易区JCCT (China-US Joint Commission on Commerce[?kɑ:m?:rs]and Trade) 中美商贸联委会N A F T A(N o r t h A m e r i c a n F r e e T r a d e A r e a)北美自由贸易区UNCTAD (United Nations Conference [?kɑ:nf?r?ns]on Trade and Development) 联合国贸易与发展会议G A T T(G e n e r a l A g r e e m e n t o n T a r i f f s[?t?r?f]a n d T r a d e)关贸总协定贸易方式词汇s t o c k s存货，库存量c a s h s a l e现货p u r c h a s e[?p?:r t??s]购买，进货b u l k[b?l k]s a l e整批销售，趸售d i s t r i b u t i o n[?d?s t r??b j u??n]c h a n ne l s销售渠道r e t a i l t r a d e零售业h i r e-p u r c h a s e['h a??r p'?:t??s]分期付款购买f l u c t u a t e[?f l?k t?u?e t]i n l i n e w i t h m a r k e t c o n d i t i o n s随行就市u n f a i r c o m p e t i t i o n不合理竞争d u m p i n g商品倾销d u m p i n g p r o f i t m a r g i n倾销差价，倾销幅度a n t i d u m p i n g[??n t?'d?m p??]反倾销c u s t o m s b o n d海关担保c h a i n[t?e n]de b t s三角债f r e igh t f o r w a r d e r货运代理t r a d e c o n s u l t a t i o n[?kɑ:n s l?t e??n]贸易磋商m e d i a t i o n o f d i s p u t e[?m i:d?'e??n][d??s p j u t]商业纠纷调解p a r t i a l s h i p m e n t分批装运r e s t r a i n t o f t r a d e贸易管制R T A(R e g i o n a l[?r i d??n?l]T r a d e A r r a n g e m e n t s)区域贸易安排f a v o r a b l e b a l a n c e o f t r a d e贸易顺差u n f a v o r a b l e b a l a n c e o f t r a d e贸易逆差s p e c i a l p r e f e r e n c e s[?s p???l][?p r?f?r?n s]?优惠关税b o n d e d w a r e h o u s e保税仓库t r a n s i t t r a d e转口贸易t a r i f f[?t?r?f]b a r r i e r[?b?r i?]关税壁垒t a x r e b a t e[?r i?b e t]出口退税T B T(T e c h n i c a l B a r r i e r s t o T r a d e)技术性贸易壁垒进出口贸易词汇c o m m e r c e[?kɑ:m?:r s],t r a d e,t r a d i n g贸易i n l a n d t r a d e,h o m e t r a d e,d o m e s t i c[d??m?s t?k]t r a d e国内贸易i n t e r n a t i o n a l t r a d e国际贸易f o r e i g n t r a d e,e x t e r n a l[?k?s t?:r n l]t r a d e对外贸易，外贸i m p o r t,i m p o r t a t i o n进口i m p o r t e r进口商e x p o r t,e x p o r t a t i o n出口e x p o r t e r出口商i m p o r t l i c e n c e进口许口证e x p o r t l i c e n c e出口许口证c o m m e r c i a l t r a n s a c t i o n[k??m???l t r?n?s?k??n]买卖，交易i n q u i r y[?n?k w a?r i]询盘d e l i v e r y交货o r d e r订货m a k e a c o m p l e t e e n t r y正式/完整申报b a d ac c o u n t坏帐B i l l o f L ad i n g['l e?d??]提单m a r i ne b i l l s of l a d i n g海运提单s h i p p i ng o r d e r托运单b l a n k e n d o r s e d[?n?d?:r s m?n t]空白背书e n d o r s e d背书c a r g o r e c e i p t承运货物收据c o nde m n e d[k?n'd e m d]g o o d s有问题的货物c a t a l o g u e商品目录c u s t o m s l i q u id a t i o n海关清算c u s t o m s c le a r a n c e结关,海关放行贸易伙伴术语t r a d e p a r t n e r贸易伙伴m a n u f a c t u r e r制造商，制造厂m i d d l e m a n[?m?d l?m?n]中间商，经纪人d e a l e r[?d i l?]经销商w h o l e s a l e r批发商r e t a i l e r,t r a d e s m a n零售商m e r c h a n t商人，批发商，零售商c o n c e s s i o n a i r e[k?n?s e???n e r],l i c e n s ed de a l e r受让人，特许权获得者c o n s u m e r消费者，用户c l i e n t,c u s t o m e r顾客，客户b u y e r买主，买方c a r r i e r承运人c o n s i g n e e[?k?n s a?'n i:]收货人不记名承兑Acceptance[?k?s?pt?ns] in blank不记名汇票Bearer draft [?b?r? dr?ft]不记名票据Bearer paper；bearer check；bearer instrument；blank bill；note to bearer不洁票据Foul [fa?l] bill不经济行为（指分散的家庭生产）Uneconomical [??n?i:k??nɑ:m?kl] way of scattered [?sk?t?rd] family industry不景气Depression；poor economy；sluggishness ['sl?ɡ??n?s]；stagnancy 'st?gn?ns?]不景气的行业Slump ridden industry不景气基金Rainy day funds不可比因素Incomparable factors；factors not subject to comparison不可撤消的信托Irrevocable trust ??r?v?k?b?l]不可撤消信用证Irrevocable letter of credit；irrevocable credit不可兑换货币Non-convertible currency不可转让信用证Non-transferable letter of credit不可转让证券Non-negotiable [n??go??i?bl] securities不良贷款Bad loan；problem loan；non-performing loan不良债权Bad claim[klem]不履行合同Breach of contract [brit?]不平等交易Discriminative [d?'skr?m??ne?t?v] trade；unfair trade不正当竞争Unfair competition；unfair practice in competition不正当竞争法Unfair competition law；law against unfair competition不正当竞争防治法Law on prevention of unfair competition不正当贸易Illicit trade；oblique dealing[o?blik]；unfair trade布政司（港）Chief Secretary部优产品Ministry-recognized quality products；ministry-level quality products财产法律制度Legal system concerning property财产收益Income from property；property income；estate income财产税Property tax；estate[??stet] duty；wealth [w?lθtax财产折旧Property depreciation[d??pri?i?e??n]财产租赁合同Contract for the lease of property；property leasing contract财经纪律Discipline in financial and economic affairs；financial norms [n?:ms]；financial discipline[?d?s?pl?n]财经体制Financial and economic system财力Financial resources财神God of Wealth；God of Fortune财税体制Financial and taxation [t?k?se??n] system财团贷款Syndicated loan；loan syndication财务包干Responsible for one’s own finances；assume exclusive responsibility for the balance of one’s budget财务报表Financial statement财务报表格式Fiscal [?f?sk?l] reporting format财务大检查General check-up on financial work财务公司Finance company财务顾问Financial consultant [k?n?s?lt?nt]财务会计Financial accounting；财务会计制度Financial and accounting system财务纪律Financial discipline财务监督Financial supervision财务检查Financial check-up财务可行性Financial feasibility [?fiz??b?l?t?]财务指标Financial targets财政包干制Financial contract system by which each unit is responsible for its own surplus ordeficit财政拨款Financial appropriations [?pro?pr'?e??nz]；funds allocated[??l??ket] from the state treasury[?tr???ri]；financial allocations；budgetary[?b?d??teri] allocations；fiscal allocation财政补偿Financial indemnity[?n?d?mn?ti]财政补贴Financial subsides；grant-in aid；financial allowance财政赤字Financial deficit [?d?f?s?t]；fiscal deficit财政分成Finance sharing财政公开Make public the administration [?d?m?n??stre??n] of finance财政关税Revenue tarrif；revenue [?rev?nu:] duty财政结余Balance of finance财政金融体制Financial and banking system；system of finance财政紧缩Fiscal austerity美[??st?r?ti]财政年度Fiscal year财政收入Revenue财政收支Revenue and expenditure[?k?sp?nd?t??]财政收支差额Imbalance between revenue and expenditure财政收支平衡Balance of revenue and expenditure；fiscal balance财政税收Revenue tax；fiscal levy[?l?vi]；fiscal taxation；financial taxation财政税收制度Financial and taxation system财政相当困难In financial straits [stret]财政政策与货币政策的配合Coordination of fiscal and monetary policies财政专项补助Special financial subsidies采购团Purchasing[?p?:rt??s??] mission彩票Lottery[?lɑ:t?ri] tickets菜篮子工程“shoping basket ”program a program for increasing non-staple foodproduction 残废补助金Disability pention惨淡经营Take pains with the work；take no end of pains to do something仓储保管合同Contract for storage and safekeeping；warehousing contract；warehouse bailment contract 仓储费用Warehousing[?werha?z??] costs[k?:st]仓储设施Storage facilities[f?'s?l?t?z]仓储销售Cash and carry操纵股票市场Manipulate [m??n?pj??let] the stock [stɑ:k]market操纵汇率Manipulate the exchange rate差别关税Differential tarrif；differential duties；discriminating duty差别汇率Discriminatory exchange rate差别税制Variable levy system差额Margin买空卖空bulls and bears;cross trade;fictitious bargain;fictitious transaction;speculate on the rise and fall of prices买入价purchasing price卖出价marketing prices卖空头short卖空投机sell short满负荷工作operate at full capacity[k??p?s?ti]慢性通货膨胀chronic inflation;creeping inflation;mild inflation [?n?fle??n]漫天要价,就地还钱extort very high prices but receive extremely counteroffers ['ka?nt?r'?f?r]盲目投资blindness in investment冒名注册商标register pirated[?pa?r?t] trademark冒用商标infringement of trademark贸易差额balance of trade; trade balance; trade gap贸易惯例trade conventions; usual trade practices贸易及分销trading and distribution贸易融资trade financing每股发行价issue price per share弥补赤字cover the deficit; offset the deficit弥补企业亏损cover enterprise losses免税exempt[?ɡ?z?mp??n] from taxation;tax exemption;tax-free免税红利franked [fr??k] dividends [?d?v??d?nd]免税进口duty-free importsTariff是关税，征税机关是海关tax毫无疑问是税务,tax是一个general的词，基本上可以用来表示各种税，或团体向个人征收的费用, 也可理解为强制性的责任之类的duty主要指关税，即国家对进口商品征收的税duty是任务，没有那么正式免税期tax holiday免税商品duty-free goods面向市场market orientation[??ri?n?te??n; gear to the demand of the market民间贸易people-to-people trade; private trade民营企业non-state-run enterprise敏感性股票cyclical[?s?kl?k?l] stock名义价值nominal value名义利率nominal interest rate名义资本nominal capital目标风险target risk目标管理management by objectives;quota management目标经济增长率target economic growth rate幕后操纵pull strings behind the scenes; wire-pulling;内部市场internal market; domestic market内联企业associations which coastal enterprises form with inland ones;internally-linked enterprises耐用消费品durable consumer goods; consumer durable内企domestic-funded enterprises年积增长率cumulative[?kju:mj?le?t?v] annual rate of growth扭亏增盈reduce losses and increase profits; get out of the red and begin to make profits农业增加值added value of agriculture挪用客户资金misappropriation of a client’s deposit[d??pɑ:z?t]排斥竟争spurn[sp?:rn] competition派生市场derivative markets盘点stock count; take stock of make an inventory[??nv?nt?:ri] of盘活efficiently [??f???ntl?] use配股allotment[??lɑ:tm?nt] of shares疲软货币weak currency预付advance payment贴息subsidies on interest payment; discount贴现discount; discount for cash贴现利息discount interest贴现率discount rate停薪留职remain employed without wage; unpaid leave通货回笼withdrawal[w?e?dr??l, w?θ-] of currency[?k?:r?nsi] in circulation[?s?:rkj??le??n]通货升值currency revaluation [?ri:v?lj?'e??n]同本位货币convention money同业拆借inter-bank borrowing同业融通票据inter-bank financial bills统收统支state-monopolized[m??nɑ:p?la?z] revenue and expenditure [?k?sp?nd?t??]投融资体制investment and fund-raising system拖欠税款delinquent tax; be in arrears with tax payment拖欠债券defaulted bond外币兑换差额balance of foreign exchange外币股share of foreign exchange外汇调剂foreign exchange swap外汇额度foreign currency quota外汇交易市场foreign exchange swap market外汇结存foreign exchange balance外贸自营权power to engage in foreign trade外商投资项目foreign investment projects外商直接投资foreign direct investment外逃资本fight capital外引内联introduce foreign capital and technology and establish domestic connection 外债偿还率external debt service ratio未兑现支票outstanding checks无形财产incorporeal property; intangible property无形动产intangible[?n?t?nd??b?l] chattels [t??tlz]无形贸易invisible trade无形资产intangible assets; immaterial [??m??t?ri?l] property夕阳产业sunset industry; declining industry;industry with no future [?fjut??]吸收游资absorb idle [?a?dl] funds息票coupon [?ku:pɑ:n]洗钱money laundering ['l?:nd?r??]闲散资金scattered [?sk?t?rd] funds闲置资金idle capital; idle funds现汇交易spot transaction现金结算cash settlement [?s?tlm?nt]现金流量cash flow现金流通量money in circulation [?s?:rkj??le??n]现金投放currency issue; cash input限价price control乡镇企业township enterprises消费物价补贴consumer subsidies消费物价指数consumer price index消费信贷consumer credit货款回笼reflow of corporate sals income信用社(urban and rural) credit cooperation严格财务制度exacting financial system一次性商品one-off commodity一级市场primary market; first market一级自营商primary dealer美[?dil?]一条龙服务provide a service of coordinated[ko'?rd??net] process以美元等值计算committed in USD equivalent以人民币记账use the currency of RMB for current accounting以外汇结算settled in foreign exchange以质取胜strategy of success through quality ; win the market with high quality 意向书letter of intent意向性协议agreement of intent溢价excess[??k?s?s]; premium[?primi?m]溢价发行债券issue of bonds at a premium有意向投资者willing investor增收节支increase revenue [?rev?nu:] and reduce expenditure证券监督管理委员会securities supervision commission证券交易管理委员会securities exchange commission住房分配货币化monetize housing distribution专款专用earmark a fund for its specified purpose only专有交易proprietary [pr??pra??teri] business专属经济区exclusive [?k?sklus?v] economic zone转包subcontract转贷on-lending转轨transfer to a different track; retracking转换经营机制shift operation mechanism [?m?k??n?z?m] 转移支付制度transfer payment system转账支票check only for account准货币quasi-money资金到位fully funded(project)。
公司名称申报流程
公司名称申报流程1.公司名称申报流程需要填写详细的申请表格。
(The process of applying for company name declaration requires filling out a detailed application form.)2.提交申请表格后，需要等待官方审核。
After submitting the application form, you will need to wait for official approval.3.审核通过后，会收到公司名称申报的批准函。
Once the approval is granted, you will receive a letter of approval for the company name declaration.4.申请人需要在指定时间内完成公司名称的注册。
Applicants are required to register the company name within a specified timeframe.5.公司名称的注册必须符合相关法律法规的要求。
The registration of the company name must comply with relevant laws and regulations.6.在进行公司名称注册时，需要提供相关的证明文件。
When registering the company name, relevant supporting documents will need to be provided.7.公司名称注册完成后，将获得营业执照。
Once the company name is registered, a business license will be issued.8.营业执照上会包含公司的注册名称和注册号码。
The business license will include the registered company name and registration number.9.有时候，公司名称可能需要经过政府部门的核准。
法英词汇
Technological change：技术革新Economic vitality：经济活力Rising standard of living：生活水平不断提高Private sector：私营企业Transfer of technology：技术转让Knowledge-technological progress：知识-技术性进步Isolated invention：单独发明Systematic development：系统研发Concerted research and development：共同研发Commercial practicality：商业实用性Full-scale production plant：大规模生产基地Investment in technology：技术投资Economic return：经济回报Recover the cost：收回成本Assessment of market demand：市场需求评估Applied research: 应用型研究Patent law：专利法Trade secret law：商业秘密法Exclusive right：专有权Tax incentive：税收刺激Business tax deduction：减征业务税Preferred tax treatment：税收优惠Federal laboratory：联邦实验室Government financing：政府融资Government procurement：政府采购Technologically advanced product：高科技产品Intellectual property：知识产权Utility patent：实用专利Design patent：设计专利Plant patent：植物新品种专利Asexually reproduced plant：无性繁殖品种Royalty：专利使用费Obligation of confidentiality：保密义务Joint venture partner：合资企业伙伴Unauthorized disclosure：未经授权泄露Injunction：禁令Prescribed statutory period：法定期限Readily ascertainable：容易得到Copyright law：著作权Literary and artistic creativity：文学艺术创造性Original forms of expression of ideas：有独创性的思想表达形式Brand name：品牌名称Service marks:服务标志Certification mark：证明商标Collective mark：集体商标Trademark infringement：商标侵权International convention：国际公约Multinational international agreement：多边国际协定Patent applicant：专利申请人Signatory country：签字国Procedural benefits：程序性利益Priority benefits:优先利益Grace period：宽限期Nationals of member state：成员国国民Accumulation of capital：资本积累Public domain：公共领域Commercial literature：商业文件Tangible corporate asset：公司有形资产Extent of control：控制权大小Direct transfer：直接转让Outright sale：直接出售Incidental transfer：附带转让Licensing agreement：许可协议Joint venture：合资企业Equity interest:资产利益Turn-key project：启匙工程Reverse engineering：反向工程Corporate takeover：企业接管Expropriation：征用Expropriated corporation:被征用公司Nationalization:国有化Branch or subsidiary：分公司或子公司Host country：东道国Bilateral trade or investment agreement：双边贸易或投资协定Prompt and just compensation：及时公平补偿Unlawful transfer：非法转让Commercial espionage：商业间谍行为Criminal and civil penalties：刑事民事惩罚Criminal sanction：刑事制裁Internal Revenue Code:国内税收法典World Intellectual Property Organization:世界知识产权组织Convention on the Protection of Industrial Property：保护工业产权公约Universal Copyright Convention：世界版权公约Convention Establishing the world Intellectual Property Organization：建立世界知识产权组织公约R&D expenditures:研发经费Novel：新颖性not obvious：非显而易见性Futures markets:期货市场Forward contract：远期合同Futures contract：期货合同Organized futures exchange：有组织的期货交易场所Standardized contract：标准化合同Associated Clearinghouse：附属清算行System of margins and daily settlement：保证金制和每日结算制Close contract：中止合同Regulatory structure of the markets:期货市场调节机构Institutional characteristics:组织特征Nonprofit association：非盈利机构Exchange membership：交易所成员资格Membership price：交易席位价Capital assets：资本资产Trading volume：交易量Audit function：审计功能Public relations：公共关系Legal and ethical conduct of members:成员的法律和道德行为Official trading hour：正式交易时间Designated trading area：指定交易场所Designated pit：指定交易池Specialist system：专家经纪人System of open outcry：公开喊价制度Hand signal：手势Bear the losses or enjoy the profits：自负盈亏Large brokerage house：大型经纪商行Build volume：扩大交易量Hedger:套期保值者Pre-existing risk exposure：既存风险敞口Temporary substitute：暂时替代物Cash market：现金市场Brokerage firm：经纪公司Account executive：业务代表、客户经理Floor broker：场内经纪人Forward market：远期市场Market for foreign exchange：外汇交易市场Central trading point：交易中心Permissible minimum and maximum price fluctuation：规定最小和最大价格波动幅度Delivery date：交货日Tick size：波动幅度Price limit：价格限制Closing price：收盘价V olatile period：波动期Successive days:连续数天Promote liquidity：促进流通Outstanding long and short futures market positons:尚未交割的多头和空头期货市场交易头寸Sales tax permit：销售税许可证Excise tax：特种商品消费税Tangible personal property：有形动产State comptroller:州主计长Franchise board:特许委员会Performance bond：履约保函Certificate of deposit：存款凭证Bonding company：担保公司Gross receipts of sale：销售总收入Cash discount：现金折扣Telephone transmission line：电话通讯线路Tax exemption：豁免税收Double taxation：双重征税Resale certificate：转售证明Product container：产品容器Use tax：使用税、消费税Tax credit：税收冲抵Withholding tax:代扣税Payroll period：工资支付周期Non-cash compensation：非现金支付Labour union：工会Cash reimbursement：报账费Annual bonus：年终奖Nonresident alien:非居民外国人Certificate of non-taxability：免税凭证Backup withholding：备用代扣税Fringe benefits:附加福利Ad hoc:特别的，临时的Per se: 本身、自身Et cetera:等等Exempli gratia:例如Id est:就是说Pay period:雇佣期。
翻译
内大2009中国妇女1995年，联合国第四次妇女大会在中国北京召开。
这使得中国妇女的状况备受世界关注。
新中国的成立宣告了中国妇女在政治、经济、社会和家庭生活等各方面均享有和男子平等的权利。
今天的中国妇女已做到了同工同酬。
她们不再像以前一样要依靠她们的丈夫。
女同志可以做过去只是男的可以做的工作了。
不少人甚至成为领导干部。
虽然中国妇女在平等方面取得了巨大的进步，但还未完全实现平等就业的机会。
例如，在就业方面她们总是在男的后面。
而形势紧张了，又总是第一个下岗。
显然，在争取平等的斗争中，她们还有很长的路要走。
Chinese womenIn 1995, the United Nations Fourth Conference on Women was held in Beijing, China. This makes the situation of women in China gain much world attention. It is declared with the founding of New China that Chinese women enjoyed the equal rights to the men in the political, economic, social and family life and other aspects. Today's Chinese women have achieved equal pay. They don't have to rely on their husbands no longer as before. Lesbians can do what only can done by men in the past. Many women even become leading cadres. Although the Chinese women's equality has made great progress, but not yet fully implemented equal employment opportunities. For example, in employment, they are always behind the males. The situation is tense, and always the first one laid off. Clearly, in the struggle for equality, they still have a long way to go.Ideas are dangerousI do not doubt that it would be possible to inject ideas into the modern world that would utterly destroy us. Imagine the effect on a reasonably advanced technological society, one that still does not possess the nuclear bomb, of making it aware of the possibility, of supplying sufficient details to enable the thing to be constructed. Twenty or thirty pages of information handed to any of the major world powers around the year 1925 would have been sufficient to change the course of world history. It is a strange thought, but I believe a correct one, that twenty or thirty pages of ideas and information would be capable of turning the present-day world upside down,or even destroying it. I have often tried to conceive of what those pages might contain, but of course I cannot do so because I am a prisoner of the present-day world. We cannot think outside the particular patterns that our brains are conditioned to, or , to be more accurate, we can think only a very little way outside, and then only if we are very original.思想是危险的我不怀疑，这将有可能注入现代世界，将彻底摧毁我们的想法。
常见专利翻译英汉大全
常见专利翻译英汉大全转载2018-11-25 09:49:58标签：专利翻译专利英汉翻译涉外专利翻译专利术语翻译无交底发明编写Aabandonment of a patent 放弃专利权abandonment of a patent application 放弃专利申请abstract 文摘(摘要)abuse of patent 滥用专利权action for infringement of patent 专利侵权诉讼action of a patent 专利诉讼address for service 文件送达地址affidavit 誓书allowance 准许amendment 修改annual fee 年费annuity 年费anticipation 占先appeal 上诉appellation of origin 原产地名称applicant for patent 专利申请人application date 申请日期application documents 申请案文件application fee 申请费application for patent 专利申请(案)application laying open for public inspection 公开供公众审查的申请application number 申请号application papers 申请案文件arbitration 仲裁art 技术article of manufacture 制品assignee 受让人assignment 转让assignor 转让人author of the invention 发明人author’s certificate 发明人证书Bbasic patent 基本专利Berne Convention 伯尔尼公约Berne Union 伯尔尼联盟best mode 最佳方式bibliographic data 著录资料BIRPI 保护知识产权联合国国际局board of appeals 申诉委员会breach of confidence 泄密Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure 国际承认用于专利程序的微生物保存布达佩斯条约burden of proof 举证责任Ccase law 判例法caveat 预告certificate of addition 增补证书certificate of correction 更正证明书certificate of patent 专利证书certified copy 经认证的副本Chemical Abstracts 化学文摘citation 引证claim 权项classifier 分类员co-applicants 共同申请人co-inventors 共同发明人color coding 色码制commissioner 专利局长Community Patent Convention 共同体专利公约complete application 完整的申请案complete description 完整的叙述complete specification 完整的说明书comptroller 专利局长compulsory license 强制许可证conception 概念conception date 概念日期confidential application 机密申请confidential information 保密情报conflict award 冲突裁定conflict procedure 冲突程序conflicting applications 冲突申请案continuation application 继续申请continuation-in-part application 部分继续申请案contractual license 契约性许可证contributory infringement 帮助侵犯convention application 公约申请convention country 公约国convention date 公约日期Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization 建立世界知识产权组织公约convention period 公约期限convention priority 公约优先权copyright 版权correction slip 勘误表counter pleadings 反诉状counterclaim 反诉country code 国家代号cross license 交叉许可证Ddata 资料data exchange agreement 资料交换协议data of application 申请日期date of grant 授予日期date of issue 颁发日期date of patent 专利日期date of publication 公布日期dedication to the public 捐献于公众defendant 被告人defenses 辩护defensive publication 防卫性公告deferred examination 延迟审查dependent claim 从属权项dependent patent 从属专利Derwent Publications Ltd. 德温特出版有限公司design patent 外观设计专利development 发展disclaimer 放弃权项disclosure 公开division 分案divisional application 分案申请domination patent 支配专利drawing 附图duration of patent 专利有效期Eeconomic patent 经济专利effective filing date 实际申请日期employee’s invention 雇员发明EPO 欧洲专利局European Patent Office 欧洲专利局ESARIPO 英语非洲工业产权组织European Patent Convention 欧洲专利公约evidence 证据examination 审查examination countries 审查制国家examination for novelty 新颖性审查examiner 审查员examiner’s report 审查员报告exclusive license 独占性许可证exclusive right 专有权experimental use 实验性使用expired patent 期满专利exploitation of a patent 实施专利exposition priority 展览优先权expropriation 征用extension of term of a patent 延长专利期限Ffee 费用FICPI 国际工业产权律师联合会file copy 存档原件filing date 申请日期filing fee 申请费filing of an application 提出申请final action 终局决定书first-to-file principle 先申请原则first-to-invention principle 先发明原则force majeure 不可抗力foreign patent application 外国专利申请formal examination 形式审查Ggazette 公报Geneva Treaty on the International Recording of Scientific Discoveries 关于科学发现国际注册日内瓦条约grace period 宽限期grant of a patent 授予专利权Hholder of a patent 专利持有人IIFIA 国际发明人协会联合会International Federation of Inventor’s Association 国际发明人协会联合会IBB 国际专利研究所Institute International des Brevets 国际专利研究所imitation 仿造impeachment 控告improvement 改进improvement patent 改进专利independence of patents 专利独立indication of source 产地标记indirect infringement 间接侵犯industrial applicability 工业实用性industrial design 工业品外观设计industrial property 工业产权information in the public domain 公开情报infringement of a patent 侵犯专利权infringement of a trade mark 侵犯商标权INID 著录资料识别码ICIREPAT Numbers for the Identification of Data 著录资料识别码INPADOC 国际专利文献中心INSPEC 国际物理学和工程情报服务部insufficient disclosure 公开不允分intellectual property 知识产权interdependent patents 相互依存的专利interference procedure 抵触程序interlocutory injunction 中间禁止令interlocutory order 中间命令International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants 保护植物新品种国际公约International Patent Classification Agreement 国际专利分类协定International Preliminary Examining Authority 国际初审单位international protection 国际保护International Searching Authority 国际检索单位invalidation 无效invention 发明inventive step 独创性inventor 发明人inventor’s certificate 发明人证书IPC 国际专利分类International Patent Classification 国际专利分类issue of a patent 办法专利Jjoint applicants 共同申请人joint invention 共同发明joint inventors 共同发明人joint patentees 共同专利权人journal 公报judgment 判决junior party 后申请方Kknow-how 技术诀窍Llapsed patent 已终止的专利lawsuit of a patent 专利诉讼legal person 法人legend 说明LES International 国际许可贸易执行人协会Licensing Executives Society International 国际许可贸易执行人协会letters patent 专利证书license 许可证license agreement 许可证协议license of course 当然许可证licensing 许可证贸易licensor 许可人Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration 保护原产地名称及国际注册里斯本协定Locarno Agreement Establishing an International Classification for Industrial Design 建立工业品外观设计国际分类洛迦诺协定loss of a patent 专利权的丧失MMadrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks 商标国际注册马德里协定Madrid Agreement for the Repression of False or Deceptive Indications of Source on Goods 制止商品产地虚假或欺骗性标记马德里协定main patent 主专利maintenance fee 维持费marking 标记memorandum of understanding 谅解备忘录method 方法microforms 微缩文件minimum documentation 最少限度检索文献minimum royalties 最低提成费misuse of patent 滥用专利权mixed license 混合许可证model laws 示范法most-favoured provision 最惠条款Nname of invention 发明名称national treatment 国民待遇natural person 自然人neighboring rights 邻接权new varieties of plants 植物新品种Nice Agreement Concerning the International Classification of Goods and Services for the Purposes of the Registration of Marks 商标注册用商品与服务国际分类尼斯协定non-examining countries 不审查制国家non-exclusive license 非独占性许可证non-obviousness 非显而易见性non-use of a patent 不实施专利notary public 公正机关notice of infringement 侵权通知novelty 新颖性OOAPI 非洲知识产权组织objection 异议office action 专利局审查决定书opposition 异议originality 独创性owner of a patent 专利所有人Pparent application 原申请Paris Convention 巴黎公约Paris Union 巴黎联盟patent 专利patent act 专利法patent agent 专利代理人patent applied for 已申请专利patent attorney 专利律师patent classification 专利分类patent documentation 专利文献patent documents 专利文件patent families 同族专利patent for an invention 发明专利patent law 专利法patent license 专利许可证patent number 专利号patent of addition 增补专利patent of confirmation 确认专利patent of importation 输入专利patent of introduction 引进专利patent of revalidation 再效专利patent office 专利局patent pending 专利未决patent right 专利权patent rules 专利实施细则patent system 专利制度patentability 专利性patented invention 专利发明patentee 专利权人patenting 授予专利权PCT 专利合作条约PCT Union 专利合作条约pending application 未决申请period of a patent 专利有效期person skilled in the art 所属技术领域的专业人员petition 请求书petty patent 小专利plaintiff 原告人plant patent 植物专利pleadings 起诉状precautional patent 预告专利precedents 判例prescription 时效prior art 先有技术prior use 先用priority 优先权priority claim 优先权声明priority declaration 优先权声明process patent 方法专利processing of an application 申请案的处理product patent 产品专利provisional specification 临时说明书publication 公布Rreclassification 再分类reexamination 复审refusal 驳回register of patents 专利登记册registered patent 登记专利registered trade mark 注册商标registration 登记registration countries 登记制国家reissue patent 再颁发专利rejection 驳回remedy 补救renewal fee 续展费request 请求书restoration of a lapsed patent 恢复已终止的专利restricted conditions 限制条款review 复审revival of an abandoned application 恢复已放弃的申请revocation of a patent 撤销专利royalties 提成费SScience Abstracts 科学文摘scientific discovery 科学发现scope of protection 保护范围seal 盖章search 检索secret patent 机密专利service invention 职务发明service mark 服务标记signature 签署simple license 普通许可证single applicant 单独申请人sliding scale of royalties 滑动提成费sole license 排他性许可证specification 说明书state of the art 先有技术水平statement of claim 诉讼陈述statement of defense 辩护陈述substance patent 物质专利substantive examination 实质性审查succession 继承sufficiency of description 充分描述Ttechnical assistance 技术协助technical data 技术资料technology transfer 技术转移temporary protection 临时保护term of a patent 专利有效期The Hague Agreement Concerning the International Deposit of Industrial Designs 工业品外观设计国际保存海牙协定title of invention 发明名称title to patent 专利所有权trade mark 商标Trademark Registration Treaty 商标注册条约trade name 厂商名称trial 审判Uunfair competition 不正当竞争unity of invention 发明单一性Universal Copyright Convention 世界版权公约unpatentable subject matter 不能取得专利的主题use patent 用途专利utility certificate 实用证书utility model 实用新型VVienna Agreement Establishing an International Classification of the Figurative Elements of Marks 建立商标图形要素国际分类维也纳协定Vienna Agreement for the Protection of Type Faces and their International Deposit 印刷字体保护及其国际保存维也纳协定WWIPO 世界知识产权组织World Intellectual Property Organization 世界知识产权组织withdrawal of an application 撤回申请witness 证人working of a patent 实施专利WPI 世界专利索引World Patent Index 世界专利索引。
《十二国商标法》美国兰哈姆法
译者的话在美国，商标传统上是由普通法保护的，但早在1791年，托马斯.杰弗逊就曾建议利用美国宪法的贸易条款对帆布制造商的商标进行保护。
知道1870年，美国国会才首次建立了保护商标的联邦管理制度，但这个基于宪法版权条款的法令很快就被美国最高法院宣布为违宪。
1881年美国国会基于宪法的贸易条款制定了新的商标法，并于1905年进行了最主要的一次修订。
1946年，美国国会通过了《兰汉姆法案》，确立了对商标的联邦保护和注册，并据此建立了美国专利商标局。
该法案此后历经修改，实施至今。
笔者所译的《兰汉姆法案》为2004年12月23日修订后的版本。
相较以前的译本，本译本主要增加了马德里议定书的内容。
美国于2003年11月2日加入了马德里议定书。
为了适应马德里议定书的要求，美国对《兰汉姆法案》进行了相应的修改。
《兰汉姆法案》中规定的许多制度与我国的商标制度不同，如主辅注册簿制度，在先使用的原则，使用商标的声明，并存注册，淡化理论等。
笔者希望本译本能够对商标界的学者和从业人员进一步了解美国商标制度有所帮助，从而推动我国商标制度的发展。
此外，笔者还希望本译本中增加的有关马德里议定书的部分，能对我国企业通过马德里体系在美国注册商标有所帮助，从而促进我国企业在美国的商标权利保护和对美国市场的开拓。
在本译本的翻译过程中，笔者得到了国家工商总局资深商标专家吴群老师的悉心指导和大力帮助，在此表示衷心的感谢。
由于时间仓促，笔者水平有限，译稿难免存在不尽如人意之处，恳请各位读者批评指正。
一般条款1111.注册标注；在商标上展示；在侵权诉讼中追索权益和赔偿尽管有本法第1072条的规定，在专利商标局注册商标的注册人可在其商标上标注“已在美国专利与商标局注册”的文字或R加一个圈，即®，以显示其商标已获注册；注册人如未作如上标注，在其依本法提起的侵权诉讼中，将不能依据本法的规定获得权益或损害赔偿，除非被告已事实上知道了该注册。
1111.Notice of registration; display with mark; recovery of profits and damages in infringement suit.Notwithstanding the provisions of section 1072 of this title, a registrant of a mark registered in the Patent and Trademark Office, may give notice that his mark is registered by displaying with the mark the words ”Registered in U.S. Patent and Trademark Office” or “Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off.” or the letter R enclosed within a circle, thus ®; and in any suit for infringement under this chapter by such a registrant failing to give such notice of registration, no profits and no damages shall be recovered under the provisions of this chapter unless the defendant had actual notice of the registration.1114.救济；侵权；印刷商和出版商非故意侵权（1）未经注册人同意，任何人（a）将一注册商标的复制品、伪造品、仿冒品或欺骗性的仿制品在商业中运用于商品或服务的销售、许诺销售、分销或推广中，可能引起混淆、误认或欺骗；或（b）复制、伪造、仿冒或欺骗性仿制一注册商标，并将复制、伪造、仿冒或欺骗性仿制的商标在商业中应用于商品或服务的销售、许诺销售、分销或推广所使用或相关的标签、标识、印刷品、包装、包装纸、容器或广告上，可能引起混淆、误认或者欺骗的，应当在注册人为获得以下规定的救济而提起的民事起诉中承担责任。
知识产权英文词汇
International Federation of Inventor’s Association 国际发明人协会联合会IBB 国际专利研究所Institut International des Brevets 国际专利研究所imitation 仿造impeachment 控告improvement 改进improvement patent 改进专利independence of patents 专利独立indication of source 产地标记indirect infringement 间接侵犯industrial applicability 工业实用性industrial design 工业品外观设计industrial property 工业产权information in the public domain 公开情报infringement of a patent 侵犯专利权infringement of a trade mark 侵犯商标权INID 著录资料识别码ICIREPA T Numbers for the Identification of Data 著录资料识别码INPADOC 国际专利文献中心INSPEC 国际物理学和工程情报服务部insufficient disclosure 公开不允分intellectual property 知识产权interdependent patents 相互依存的专利interference procedure 抵触程序interlocutory injunction 中间禁止令interlocutory order 中间命令International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants 保护植物新品种国际公约International Patent Classification Agreement 国际专利分类协定International Preliminary Examining Authority 国际初审单位international protection 国际保护International Searching Authority 国际检索单位invalidation 无效invention 发明inventive step 独创性inventor 发明人inventor’s certificate 发明人证书IPC 国际专利分类International Patent Classification 国际专利分类issue of a patent 办法专利joint applicants 共同申请人joint invention 共同发明joint inventors 共同发明人joint patentees 共同专利权人journal 公报judgment 判决junior party 后申请方know-how 技术诀窍lapsed patent 已终止的专利lawsuit of a patent 专利诉讼legal person 法人legend 说明LES International 国际许可贸易执行人协会Licensing Executives Society International 国际许可贸易执行人协会letters patent 专利证书license 许可证license agreement 许可证协议license of course 当然许可证licensing 许可证贸易licensor 许可人Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration 保护原产地名称及国际注册里斯本协定Locarno Agreement Establishing an International Classification for Industrial Design 建立工业品外观设计国际分类洛迦诺协定loss of a patent 专利权的丧失Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks 商标国际注册马德里协定Madrid Agreement for the Repression of False or Deceptive Indications of Source on Goods 制止商品产地虚假或欺骗性标记马德里协定main patent 主专利maintenance fee 维持费marking 标记memorandum of understanding 谅解备忘录method 方法microforms 微缩文件minimum documentation 最少限度检索文献minimum royalties 最低提成费misuse of patent 滥用专利权mixed license 混合许可证model laws 示范法most-favoured provision 最惠条款name of invention 发明名称national treatment 国民待遇natural person 自然人neighboring rights 邻接权new varieties of plants 植物新品种Nice Agreement Concerning the International Classification of Goods and Services for the Purposes of the Registration of Marks 商标注册用商品与服务国际分类尼斯协定non-examining countries 不审查制国家non-exclusive license 非独占性许可证non-obviousness 非显而易见性non-use of a patent 不实施专利notary public 公正机关notice of infringement 侵权通知novelty 新颖性OAPI 非洲知识产权组织objection 异议office action 专利局审查决定书opposition 异议originality 独创性owner of a patent 专利所有人parent application 原申请Paris Convention 巴黎公约Paris Union 巴黎联盟patent 专利patent act 专利法patent agent 专利代理人patent applied for 已申请专利patent attorney 专利律师patent classification 专利分类patent documentation 专利文献patent documents 专利文件patent families 同族专利patent for an invention 发明专利patent law 专利法patent license 专利许可证patent number 专利号patent of addition 增补专利patent of confirmation 确认专利patent of importation 输入专利patent of introduction 引进专利patent of revalidation 再效专利patent office 专利局patent pending 专利未决patent right 专利权patent rules 专利实施细则patent system 专利制度patentability 专利性patented invention 专利发明patentee 专利权人patenting 授予专利权PCT 专利合作条约PCT Union 专利合作条约pending application 未决申请period of a patent 专利有效期person skilled in the art 所属技术领域的专业人员petition 请求书petty patent 小专利plaintiff 原告人plant patent 植物专利pleadings 起诉状precautional patent 预告专利precedents 判例abandonment of a patent application 放弃专利申请abandonment of a patent 放弃专利权abridgment 文摘abstract 文摘(摘要)abuse of patent 滥用专利权action for infringement of patent 专利侵权诉讼action of a patent 专利诉讼additional features don't work to resolve question 附加的特征也不能解决问题address for service 文件送达地址affidavit 誓书allowance 准许amendment 修改annual fee 年费annuity 年费anticipation 占先appeal 上诉appellation of origin 原产地名称applicant for patent 专利申请人application date 申请日期application documents 申请案文件application fee 申请费application for patent 专利申请(案)application laying open for public inspection 公开供公众审查的申请application number 申请号application papers 申请案文件arbitration 仲裁art 技术article of manufacture 制品assignee 受让人assignment 转让assignor 转让人author of the invention 发明人author's certificate 发明人证书basic patent 基本专利be paid in advance 预先交Berne Convention 伯尔尼公约Berne Union 伯尔尼联盟best mode 最佳方式bibliographic data 著录资料BIRPI 保护知识产权联合国国际局board of appeals 申诉委员会breach of confidence 泄密Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure 国际承认用于专利程序的微生物保存布达佩斯条约burden of proof 举证责任by the Secretary of Labor 消费价格指数的波动case law 判例法caveat 预告certificate of addition 增补证书certificate of correction 更正证明书certificate of patent 专利证书certified copy 经认证的副本Chemical Abstracts 化学文摘citation 引证claim 1 is rejected on the basis that 根据…驳回权利要求1claim to a method 方法权利要求claim to a product 产品权利要求claim 权项claim1 was refected as being predictable 可以预料权利要求1可以恢复claimed features 要求保护的特征claimed subject matter 要求保护的主题clain 1and 2 have noveity under PCT Article 33(2) respectively 根据33条第二款权利要classifier 分类员co-applicants 共同申请人co-inventors 共同发明人color coding 色码制commissioner 专利局长common sense, known technical solution 公知，已知的技术方案Community Patent Convention 共同体专利公约complete application 完整的申请案complete description 完整的叙述complete specification 完整的说明书comptroller 专利局长compulsory license 强制许可证conception date 概念日期conception 概念concerned had to be regarded as essential features )confidential application 机密申请confidential information 保密情报conflict award 冲突裁定conflict procedure 冲突程序conflicting applications 冲突申请案content of the application as originally filed 原始申请的内容continuation application 继续申请continuation-in-part application 部分继续申请案contractual license 契约性许可证contributory infringement 简介侵犯convention application 公约申请convention country 公约国convention date 公约日期Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization 建立世界知识产权组织公约convention period 公约期限convention priority 公约优先权copyright 版权correction slip 勘误表counter pleadings 反诉状counterclaim 反诉country code 国家代号cross license 交叉许可证data exchange agreement 资料交换协议data of application 申请日期data 资料date of grant 授予日期date of issue 颁发日期date of patent 专利日期date of publication 公布日期dedication to the public 捐献于公众defendant 被告人defenses 辩护defensive publication 防卫性公告deferred examination 延迟审查dependent claim 从属权项dependent patent 从属专利Derwent Publications Ltd. 德温特出版有限公司design patent 外观设计专利development 发展disclaimer 放弃权项disclosure 公开division 分案divisional application 分案申请domination patent 支配专利drawing 附图duration of patent 专利有效期economic patent 经济专利effective filing date 实际申请日期electronic funds transfer (EFT), credit card or deposit account 电子信贷转移，信用employee’s invention 雇员发明enable st shape to vary as a function of position 使某物的形状作为位置函数变化EPO 欧洲专利局ESARIPO 英语非洲工业产权组织essential features (all features which were necessary for solving 必要技术特征（解European Patent Convention 欧洲专利公约European Patent Office 欧洲专利局even remotely suggest that 即使间接的建议evidence 证据examination countries 审查制国家examination for novelty 新颖性审查examination 审查examiner 审查员examiner’s report 审查员报告exclusive license 独占性许可证exclusive right 专有权experimental use 实验性使用expired patent 期满专利exploitation of a patent 实施专利exposition priority 展览优先权expropriation 征用extension of term of a patent 延长专利期限fall under (doing business ) 落入（商业方法）fee 费用FICPI 国际工业产权律师联合会file copy 存档原件filing date 申请日期filing fee 申请费filing of an application 提出申请final action 终局决定书first please refer to claim 2 which state 先参照权利要求2，其表明first-to-file principle 先申请原则first-to-invention principle 先发明原则for claim 1, I would suggest adding... 建议在权利要求1加入force majeure 不可抗力foreign patent application 外国专利申请formal examination 形式审查fully complied with 完全遵守gazette 公报Geneva Treaty on the International Recording of Scientific Discoveries 关于科学发现国际注册日内瓦条约grace period 宽限期grant of a patent 授予专利权holder of a patent 专利持有人ICIREPAT 专利局间情报检索国际合作巴黎联盟委员会if the benefits thereof are desired. 得到其中的便利IFIA 国际发明人协会联合会in the claims by technical features 利用技术特征来表示in the Consumer Price Index as determined 前12个月的in the initial specification and clainmsMaintenance fee 年费may not go beyond the scope of the disclosure contained 不得超出原说明书和权利要求书none of the prior art of record anticipates …记录在案的现有技术并没有预见到... omnibus claims 多项权利要求on the basic of document1 在文件1的基础上，基于文件1or 11 years and 6 months after grant of the patent. 和11年零6个月的授权当月的同一日over D1 in view of D2 对比D1并结合D2Paris Union Committee for International Cooperation in Information Retrieval among Patent Offices 专利局间情报检索国际合作巴黎联盟委员会payments by credit card and payments by deposit account 信用卡或存储账户支付permits maintenance fees to be adjusted 允许年费pertaining to （payment method）关于please note none of these teachings in D1 请注意在对比文件1中没有该提示reference signs 标号reference was made to Aricle 1 引用第一条referred to generally as the "window period," 一般称为“窗口期”reflect any fluctuations during the previous 12 months 反映根据由劳动部确定的regarding claim 2 as not being supported by 关于权利要求2不被…支持regarding something , plea se refer to …关于…请参考sets forth the time periods 指定时间期限so that the infringer would only have to 侵权者只须subject matter claimed 要求保护的主题take the view of (that) 采取…观点technical contribution to the state of the art 对现有技术的贡献the difference over D1 is quite clear and while 相对于D1的不同是很明显的The last day is the same day of the month the patent 窗口期的最后一天是专利授权后的the point of this discussion is that 此次讨论的要点是….the protection sought should be indicated 要求保护的内容应当在权利要求中-the question is must we add st.in sb 问题是我们必须在…中加入…the reason we prefer to …我们提到的理由the techical problem with which the application was 的技术问题必须的所有的技术特征）thereby providing a st. 因此，提供一个…this is particular relevant to D1 which teach us st. 这一点与对比文件尤其相关，它告to avoide narrowing or wilding claim 1 避免缩小或扩大权利要求1to be adjusted every year on October 1 每年的10月一日调整to be fulfill the requirment of clarity 满足清晰的要求to delimite (defined) the scope of protection 限定了保护范围to enlarge the scope of protection 扩大了保护范围to narrow the scope of protection 缩小了保护范围to optimize our protection for the application 使对申请的保护合理vague generalized discussion in D1 含混的，泛泛的讨论was granted 3 years and 6 months, 7 years and 6 months, 3年零6个月，7年零6个月Would you please advise how we can process in this question 请指示我们怎样处理该问abandonment of a patent 放弃专利权abandonment of a patent application 放弃专利申请abridgment 文摘abstract 文摘(摘要)abuse of patent 滥用专利权action for infringement of patent 专利侵权诉讼action of a patent 专利诉讼address for service 文件送达地址affidavit 誓书allowance 准许amendment 修改annual fee 年费annuity 年费anticipation 占先appeal 上诉appellation of origin 原产地名称applicant for patent 专利申请人application date 申请日期application documents 申请案文件application fee 申请费application for patent 专利申请(案)application laying open for public inspection 公开供公众审查的申请application number 申请号application papers 申请案文件arbitration 仲裁art 技术article of manufacture 制品assignee 受让人assignment 转让assignor 转让人author of the invention 发明人author's certificate 发明人证书basic patent 基本专利Berne Convention 伯尔尼公约Berne Union 伯尔尼联盟best mode 最佳方式bibliographic data 著录资料BIRPI 保护知识产权联合国国际局board of appeals 申诉委员会breach of confidence 泄密Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure 国际承认用于专利程序的微生物保存布达佩斯条约burden of proof 举证责任case law 判例法caveat 预告certificate of addition 增补证书certificate of correction 更正证明书certificate of patent 专利证书certified copy 经认证的副本Chemical Abstracts 化学文摘citation 引证claim 权项classifier 分类员co-applicants 共同申请人co-inventors 共同发明人color coding 色码制commissioner 专利局长Community Patent Convention 共同体专利公约complete application 完整的申请案complete description 完整的叙述complete specification 完整的说明书comptroller 专利局长compulsory license 强制许可证conception 概念conception date 概念日期confidential application 机密申请confidential information 保密情报conflict award 冲突裁定conflict procedure 冲突程序conflicting applications 冲突申请案continuation application 继续申请continuation-in-part application 部分继续申请案contractual license 契约性许可证contributory infringement 简介侵犯convention application 公约申请convention country 公约国convention date 公约日期Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization 建立世界知识产权组织公约convention period 公约期限convention priority 公约优先权copyright 版权correction slip 勘误表counter pleadings 反诉状counterclaim 反诉country code 国家代号cross license 交叉许可证data 资料data exchange agreement 资料交换协议data of application 申请日期date of grant 授予日期date of issue 颁发日期date of patent 专利日期date of publication 公布日期dedication to the public 捐献于公众defendant 被告人defenses 辩护defensive publication 防卫性公告deferred examination 延迟审查dependent claim 从属权项dependent patent 从属专利Derwent Publications Ltd. 德温特出版有限公司design patent 外观设计专利development 发展disclaimer 放弃权项disclosure 公开division 分案divisional application 分案申请domination patent 支配专利drawing 附图duration of patent 专利有效期economic patent 经济专利effective filing date 实际申请日期employee’s invention 雇员发明EPO 欧洲专利局European Patent Office 欧洲专利局ESARIPO 英语非洲工业产权组织European Patent Convention 欧洲专利公约evidence 证据examination 审查examination countries 审查制国家examination for novelty 新颖性审查examiner 审查员examiner’s report 审查员报告exclusive license 独占性许可证exclusive right 专有权experimental use 实验性使用expired patent 期满专利exploitation of a patent 实施专利exposition priority 展览优先权expropriation 征用extension of term of a patent 延长专利期限fee 费用FICPI 国际工业产权律师联合会file copy 存档原件filing date 申请日期filing fee 申请费filing of an application 提出申请final action 终局决定书first-to-file principle 先申请原则first-to-invention principle 先发明原则force majeure 不可抗力foreign patent application 外国专利申请formal examination 形式审查gazette 公报Geneva Treaty on the International Recording of Scientific Discoveries 关于科学发现国际注册日内瓦条约grace period 宽限期grant of a patent 授予专利权holder of a patent 专利持有人ICIREPAT 专利局间情报检索国际合作巴黎联盟委员会Paris Union Committee for International Cooperation in Information Retrieval among Patent Offices 专利局间情报检索国际合作巴黎联盟委员会IFIA 国际发明人协会联合会International Federation of Inventor’s Association 国际发明人协会联合会IBB 国际专利研究所Institut International des Brevets 国际专利研究所imitation 仿造impeachment 控告improvement 改进improvement patent 改进专利independence of patents 专利独立indication of source 产地标记indirect infringement 间接侵犯industrial applicability 工业实用性industrial design 工业品外观设计industrial property 工业产权information in the public domain 公开情报infringement of a patent 侵犯专利权infringement of a trade mark 侵犯商标权INID 著录资料识别码ICIREPAT Numbers for the Identification of Data 著录资料识别码INPADOC 国际专利文献中心INSPEC 国际物理学和工程情报服务部insufficient disclosure 公开不允分intellectual property 知识产权interdependent patents 相互依存的专利interference procedure 抵触程序interlocutory injunction 中间禁止令interlocutory order 中间命令International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants 保护植物新品种国际公约International Patent Classification Agreement 国际专利分类协定International Preliminary Examining Authority 国际初审单位international protection 国际保护International Searching Authority 国际检索单位invalidation 无效invention 发明inventive step 独创性inventor 发明人inventor’s certificate 发明人证书IPC 国际专利分类International Patent Classification 国际专利分类issue of a patent 办法专利joint applicants 共同申请人joint invention 共同发明joint inventors 共同发明人joint patentees 共同专利权人journal 公报judgment 判决junior party 后申请方know-how 技术诀窍lapsed patent 已终止的专利lawsuit of a patent 专利诉讼legal person 法人legend 说明LES International 国际许可贸易执行人协会Licensing Executives Society International 国际许可贸易执行人协会letters patent 专利证书license 许可证license agreement 许可证协议license of course 当然许可证licensing 许可证贸易licensor 许可人Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration 保护原产地名称及国际注册里斯本协定Locarno Agreement Establishing an International Classification for Industrial Design 建立工业品外观设计国际分类洛迦诺协定loss of a patent 专利权的丧失Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks 商标国际注册马德里协定Madrid Agreement for the Repression of False or Deceptive Indications of Source on Goods 制止商品产地虚假或欺骗性标记马德里协定main patent 主专利maintenance fee 维持费marking 标记memorandum of understanding 谅解备忘录method 方法microforms 微缩文件minimum documentation 最少限度检索文献minimum royalties 最低提成费misuse of patent 滥用专利权mixed license 混合许可证model laws 示范法most-favoured provision 最惠条款name of invention 发明名称national treatment 国民待遇natural person 自然人neighboring rights 邻接权new varieties of plants 植物新品种Nice Agreement Concerning the International Classification of Goods and Services for the Purposes of the Registration of Marks 商标注册用商品与服务国际分类尼斯协定non-examining countries 不审查制国家non-exclusive license 非独占性许可证non-obviousness 非显而易见性non-use of a patent 不实施专利notary public 公正机关notice of infringement 侵权通知novelty 新颖性OAPI 非洲知识产权组织objection 异议office action 专利局审查决定书opposition 异议originality 独创性owner of a patent 专利所有人parent application 原申请Paris Convention 巴黎公约Paris Union 巴黎联盟patent 专利patent act 专利法patent agent 专利代理人patent applied for 已申请专利patent attorney 专利律师patent classification 专利分类patent documentation 专利文献patent documents 专利文件patent families 同族专利patent for an invention 发明专利patent law 专利法patent license 专利许可证patent number 专利号patent of addition 增补专利patent of confirmation 确认专利patent of importation 输入专利patent of introduction 引进专利patent of revalidation 再效专利patent office 专利局patent pending 专利未决patent right 专利权patent rules 专利实施细则patent system 专利制度patentability 专利性patented invention 专利发明patentee 专利权人patenting 授予专利权PCT 专利合作条约PCT Union 专利合作条约pending application 未决申请period of a patent 专利有效期person skilled in the art 所属技术领域的专业人员petition 请求书petty patent 小专利plaintiff 原告人plant patent 植物专利pleadings 起诉状precautional patent 预告专利precedents 判例prescription 时效prevention of unfair competitionprincipal patent 主专利prior art 先有技术prior use 先用priority 优先权priority claim 优先权声明priority declaration 优先权声明process patent 方法专利processing of an application 申请案的处理product patent 产品专利provisional specification 临时说明书publication 公布reclassification 再分类reexamination 复审refusal 驳回register of patents 专利登记册registered patent 登记专利registered trade mark 注册商标registration 登记registration countries 登记制国家reissue patent 再颁发专利rejection 驳回remedy 补救renewal fee 续展费request 请求书restoration of a lapsed patent 恢复已终止的专利restricted conditions 限制条款review 复审revival of an abandoned application 恢复已放弃的申请revocation of a patent 撤销专利royalties 提成费Science Abstracts 科学文摘scientific discovery 科学发现scope of protection 保护范围seal 盖章search 检索secret patent 机密专利service invention 职务发明service mark 服务标记signature 签署simple license 普通许可证single applicant 单独申请人sliding scale of royalties 滑动提成费sole license 排他性许可证specification 说明书state of the art 先有技术水平statement of claim 诉讼陈述statement of defense 辩护陈述substance patent 物质专利substantive examination 实质性审查succession 继承sufficiency of description 充分描述technical assistance 技术协助technical data 技术资料technology transfer 技术转移temporary protection 临时保护term of a patent 专利有效期The Hague Agreement Concerning the International Deposit of Industrial Designs 工业品外观设计国际保存海牙协定title of invention 发明名称title to patent 专利所有权trade mark 商标Trademark Registration Treaty 商标注册条约trade name 厂商名称trial 审判unfair competition 不正当竞争unity of invention 发明单一性Universal Copyright Convention 世界版权公约unpatentable subject matter 不能取得专利的主题use patent 用途专利utility certificate 实用证书utility model 实用新型Vienna Agreement Establishing an International Classification of the Figurative Elements of Marks 建立商标图形要素国际分类维也纳协定Vienna Agreement for the Protection of Type Faces and their International Deposit 印刷字体保护及其国际保存维也纳协定WIPO 世界知识产权组织withdrawal of an application 撤回申请witness 证人working of a patent 实施专利World Intellectual Property Organization 世界知识产权组这WPI 世界专利索引World Patent Index 世界专利索引。
专利相关英语词汇!实用
精心整理专利相关英语词汇翻译abandonmentofapatent放弃专利权abandonmentofapatentapplication 放弃专利申请abridgment文摘abstract文摘(摘要) abuseofpatent滥用专利权actionforinfringementofpatent专利侵权讼actionofapatent专利诉讼addressforservice文件送达地址affidavit誓书allowance准许amendment修改annualfee年费annuity年费anticipation占先appeal上诉appellationoforigin原产地名称applicantforpatent专利申请人applicationdate申请日期applicationdocuments申请案文件applicationfee申请费applicationforpatent专利申请(案) applicationlayingopenforpublicinspection公开供公众审查的申请applicationnumber申请号applicationpapers申请案文件arbitration仲裁art技术articleofmanufacture制品assignee受让人assignment转让assignor转让人authoroftheinvention发明人author'scertificate发明人证书basicpatent基本专利BerneConvention伯尔尼公约BerneUnion伯尔尼联盟bestmode最佳方式bibliographicdata着录资料BIRPI保护知识产权联合国国际局boardofappeals申诉委员会breachofconfidence泄密BudapestTreatyontheInternationalRecognitionoftheDepositof MicroorganismsforthePurposesofPatentProcedure国际承认用于专利程序的微生物保存布达佩斯条约burdenofproof举证责任caselaw判例法caveat预告certificateofaddition增补证书certificateofcorrection更正证明书certificateofpatent专利证书certifiedcopy经认证的副本ChemicalAbstracts化学文摘citation引证claim权项classifier分类员co-applicants共同申请人co-inventors共同发明人colorcoding色码制commissioner专利局长CommunityPatentConvention共同体专利公约completeapplication完整的申请案completespecification完整的说明书comptroller专利局长compulsorylicense强制许可证conception概念conceptiondate概念日期confidentialapplication机密申请confidentialinformation保密情报conflictaward冲突裁定conflictprocedure冲突程序conflictingapplications冲突申请案continuationapplication继续申请continuation-in-partapplication部分继续申请案contractuallicense契约性许可证contributoryinfringement简介侵犯conventionapplication公约申请conventioncountry公约国conventiondate公约日期ConventionEstablishingtheWorldIntellectualPropertyOrganization 建立世界知识产权组织公约conventionperiod公约期限conventionpriority公约优先权copyright版权correctionslip勘误表counterpleadings反诉状counterclaim反诉countrycode国家代号crosslicense交叉许可证data资料dataexchangeagreement资料交换协议dateofgrant授予日期dateofissue颁发日期dateofpatent专利日期dateofpublication公布日期dedicationtothepublic捐献于公众defendant被告人defenses辩护defensivepublication防卫性公告deferredexamination延迟审查dependentclaim从属权项dependentpatent从属专利DerwentPublicationsLtd.德温特出版有限公司designpatent外观设计专利development发展disclaimer放弃权项disclosure公开division分案divisionalapplication分案申请dominationpatent支配专利drawing附图durationofpatent专利有效期economicpatent经济专利effectivefilingdate实际申请日期employee’sinvention雇员发明EPO欧洲专利局EuropeanPatentOffice欧洲专利局ESARIPO英语非洲工业产权组织EuropeanPatentConvention欧洲专利公约evidence证据examination审查examinationcountries审查制国家examinationfornovelty新颖性审查examiner审查员examiner’sreport审查员报告exclusivelicense独占性许可证exclusiveright专有权experimentaluse实验性使用expiredpatent期满专利exploitationofapatent实施专利expositionpriority展览优先权expropriation征用extensionoftermofapatent延长专利期限fee费用FICPI国际工业产权律师联合会filecopy存档原件filingdate申请日期filingfee申请费filingofanapplication提出申请finalaction终局决定书first-to-fileprinciple先申请原则first-to-inventionprinciple先发明原则forcemajeure不可抗力foreignpatentapplication外国专利申请formalexamination形式审查gazette公报GenevaTreatyontheInternationalRecordingofScientificDiscoveries关于科学发现国际注册日内瓦条约graceperiod宽限期grantofapatent授予专利权holderofapatent专利持有人ICIREPAT专利局间情报检索国际合作巴黎联盟委员会ParisUnionCommitteeforInternationalCooperationinInformation RetrievalamongPatentOffices专利局间情报检索国际合作巴黎联盟委员会IFIA国际发明人协会联合会InternationalFederationofInventor’sAssociation国际发明人协会联合会IBB国际专利研究所InstitutInternationaldesBrevets国际专利研究所imitation仿造impeachment控告improvementpatent改进专利independenceofpatents专利独立indicationofsource产地标记indirectinfringement间接侵犯industrialapplicability工业实用性industrialdesign工业品外观设计industrialproperty工业产权informationinthepublicdomain公开情报infringementofapatent侵犯专利权infringementofatrademark侵犯商标权INID着录资料识别码ICIREPATNumbersfortheIdentificationofData着录资料识别码INPADOC国际专利文献中心INSPEC国际物理学和工程情报服务部insufficientdisclosure公开不允分intellectualproperty知识产权interdependentpatents相互依存的专利interferenceprocedure抵触程序interlocutoryinjunction中间禁止令interlocutoryorder中间命令InternationalConventionfortheProtectionofNewVarietiesofPlants保护植物新品种国际公约InternationalPatentClassificationAgreement国际专利分类协定InternationalPreliminaryExaminingAuthority国际初审单位internationalprotection国际保护InternationalSearchingAuthority国际检索单位invalidation无效invention发明inventivestep独创性inventor发明人inventor’scertificate发明人证书IPC国际专利分类InternationalPatentClassification国际专利分类issueofapatent办法专利jointapplicants共同申请人jointinvention共同发明jointinventors共同发明人jointpatentees共同专利权人journal公报judgment判决juniorparty后申请方know-how技术诀窍lapsedpatent已终止的专利lawsuitofapatent专利诉讼legalperson法人legend说明LESInternational国际许可贸易执行人协会LicensingExecutivesSocietyInternational国际许可贸易执行人协会letterspatent专利证书license许可证licenseagreement许可证协议licenseofcourse当然许可证licensing许可证贸易licensor许可人LisbonAgreementfortheProtectionofAppellationsofOriginand theirInternationalRegistration保护原产地名称及国际注册里斯本协定LocarnoAgreementEstablishinganInternationalClassificationfor IndustrialDesign建立工业品外观设计国际分类洛迦诺协定lossofapatent专利权的丧失MadridAgreementConcerningtheInternationalRegistrationofMarks商标国际注册马德里协定MadridAgreementfortheRepressionofFalseorDeceptive IndicationsofSourceonGoods制止商品产地虚假或欺骗性标记马德里协定mainpatent主专利maintenancefee维持费marking标记memorandumofunderstanding谅解备忘录method方法microforms微缩文件minimumdocumentation最少限度检索文献minimumroyalties最低提成费misuseofpatent滥用专利权mixedlicense混合许可证modellaws示范法most-favouredprovision最惠条款nameofinvention发明名称nationaltreatment国民待遇naturalperson自然人neighboringrights邻接权newvarietiesofplants植物新品种NiceAgreementConcerningtheInternationalClassificationofGoods andServicesforthePurposesoftheRegistrationofMarks商标注册用商品与服务国际分类尼斯协定non-examiningcountries不审查制国家non-exclusivelicense非独占性许可证non-obviousness非显而易见性non-useofapatent不实施专利notarypublic公正机关noticeofinfringement侵权通知novelty新颖性OAPI非洲知识产权组织objection异议officeaction专利局审查决定书opposition异议originality独创性ownerofapatent专利所有人parentapplication原申请ParisConvention巴黎公约ParisUnion巴黎联盟patent专利patentact专利法patentagent专利代理人patentappliedfor已申请专利patentattorney专利律师patentclassification专利分类patentdocumentation专利文献patentdocuments专利文件patentfamilies同族专利patentforaninvention发明专利patentlaw专利法patentlicense专利许可证patentnumber专利号patentofaddition增补专利patentofconfirmation确认专利patentofimportation输入专利patentofintroduction引进专利patentofrevalidation再效专利patentoffice专利局patentpending专利未决patentright专利权patentrules专利实施细则patentsystem专利制度patentability专利性patentedinvention专利发明patentee专利权人patenting授予专利权PCT专利合作条约PCTUnion专利合作条约pendingapplication未决申请periodofapatent专利有效期personskilledintheart所属技术领域的专业人员petition请求书pettypatent小专利plaintiff原告人plantpatent植物专利pleadings起诉状precautionalpatent预告专利precedents判例(end) InternationalFederationofInventor’sAssociation国际发明人协会联合会IBB国际专利研究所InstitutInternationaldesBrevets国际专利研究所imitation仿造impeachment控告improvement改进improvementpatent改进专利independenceofpatents专利独立indicationofsource产地标记indirectinfringement间接侵犯industrialapplicability工业实用性industrialdesign工业品外观设计industrialproperty工业产权informationinthepublicdomain公开情报infringementofapatent侵犯专利权infringementofatrademark侵犯商标权INID着录资料识别码ICIREPATNumbersfortheIdentificationofData着录资料识别码INPADOC国际专利文献中心INSPEC国际物理学和工程情报服务部insufficientdisclosure公开不允分intellectualproperty知识产权interdependentpatents相互依存的专利interferenceprocedure抵触程序interlocutoryinjunction中间禁止令interlocutoryorder中间命令InternationalConventionfortheProtectionofNewVarietiesofPlants保护植物新品种国际公约InternationalPatentClassificationAgreement国际专利分类协定InternationalPreliminaryExaminingAuthority国际初审单位internationalprotection国际保护InternationalSearchingAuthority国际检索单位invalidation无效invention发明inventivestep独创性inventor发明人inventor’scertificate发明人证书IPC国际专利分类InternationalPatentClassification国际专利分类issueofapatent办法专利jointapplicants共同申请人jointinvention共同发明jointinventors共同发明人jointpatentees共同专利权人journal公报judgment判决juniorparty后申请方know-how技术诀窍lapsedpatent已终止的专利lawsuitofapatent专利诉讼legalperson法人legend说明LESInternational国际许可贸易执行人协会LicensingExecutivesSocietyInternational国际许可贸易执行人协会letterspatent专利证书license许可证licenseagreement许可证协议licenseofcourse当然许可证licensing许可证贸易licensor许可人LisbonAgreementfortheProtectionofAppellationsofOriginandtheirInternat ionalRegistration保护原产地名称及国际注册里斯本协定LocarnoAgreementEstablishinganInternationalClassificationforIndustria lDesign建立工业品外观设计国际分类洛迦诺协定lossofapatent专利权的丧失MadridAgreementConcerningtheInternationalRegistrationofMarks商标国际注册马德里协定MadridAgreementfortheRepressionofFalseorDeceptiveIndicationsofSourceonGoods制止商品产地虚假或欺骗性标记马德里协定mainpatent主专利maintenancefee维持费marking标记memorandumofunderstanding谅解备忘录method方法microforms微缩文件minimumdocumentation最少限度检索文献minimumroyalties最低提成费misuseofpatent滥用专利权mixedlicense混合许可证modellaws示范most-favouredprovision最惠条款nameofinvention发明名称nationaltreatment国民待遇naturalperson自然人neighboringrights邻接权newvarietiesofplants植物新品种NiceAgreementConcerningtheInternationalClassificationofGoodsandServic esforthePurposesoftheRegistrationofMarks商标注册用商品与服务国际分类尼斯协定non-examiningcountries不审查制国家non-exclusivelicense非独占性许可证non-obviousness非显而易见性non-useofapatent不实施专利notarypublic公正机关noticeofinfringement侵权通知novelty新颖性OAPI非洲知识产权组织objection异议officeaction专利局审查决定书opposition异议originality独创性ownerofapatent专利所有人parentapplication原申请ParisConvention巴黎公约ParisUnion巴黎联盟patent专利patentact专利法patentagent专利代理人patentappliedfor已申请专利patentattorney专利律patentclassification专利分类patentdocumentation专利文献patentdocuments专利文件patentfamilies同族专利patentforaninvention发明专利patentlaw专利法patentlicense专利许可证patentnumber专利号patentofaddition增补专利patentofconfirmation确认专利patentofimportation输入专利patentofintroduction引进专利patentofrevalidation再效专利patentoffice专利局patentpending专利未决patentright专利权patentrules专利实施细则patentsystem专利制度patentability专利性patentedinvention专利发明patentee专利权人patenting授予专利权PCT专利合作条约PCTUnion专利合作条约pendingapplication未决申请periodofapatent专利有效期personskilledintheart所属技术领域的专业人员petition请求书pettypatent小专利plaintiff原告人plantpatent植物专利pleadings起诉状precautionalpatent预告专利prescription时效preventionofunfaircompetitionprincipalpatent主专利priorart先有技术prioruse先用priority优先权priorityclaim优先权声明prioritydeclaration优先权声明processpatent方法专利processingofanapplication申请案的处理productpatent产品专利provisionalspecification临时说明书publication公布reclassification再分类reexamination复审refusal驳回registerofpatents专利登记册registeredpatent登记专利registeredtrademark注册商标registration登记registrationcountries登记制国家reissuepatent再颁发专利rejection驳回remedy补救renewalfee续展费request请求书restorationofalapsedpatent恢复已终止的专利restrictedconditions限制条款review复审revivalofanabandonedapplication恢复已放弃的申请revocationofapatent撤销专利royalties提成费ScienceAbstracts科学文摘scientificdiscovery科学发现scopeofprotection保护范围seal盖章search检索secretpatent机密专利serviceinvention职务发明servicemark服务标记signature签署simplelicense普通许可证singleapplicant单独申请人slidingscaleofroyalties滑动提成费solelicense排他性许可证specification说明书stateoftheart先有技术水平statementofclai诉讼陈述statementofdefense辩护陈述substancepatent物质专利substantiveexamination实质性审查succession继承sufficiencyofdescription充分描述technicalassistance技术协助technicaldata技术资料technologytransfer技术转移temporaryprotection临时保护termofapatent专利有效期TheHagueAgreementConcerningtheInternationalDepositofIndustrialDesigns 工业品外观设计国际保存海牙协定itleofinvention发明名称titletopatent专利所有权trademark商标TrademarkRegistrationTreaty商标注册条约tradename厂商名称trial审判unfaircompetition不正当竞争unityofinvention发明单一性UniversalCopyrightConvention世界版权公约unpatentablesubjectmatter不能取得专利的主题usepatent用途专利utilitycertificate实用证书utilitymodel实用新型ViennaAgreementEstablishinganInternationalClassificationoftheFigurati veElementsofMarks建立商标图形要素国际分类维也纳协定ViennaAgreementfortheProtectionofTypeFacesandtheir InternationalDeposit印刷字体保护及其国际保存维也纳协定WIPO世界知识产权组织withdrawalofanapplication撤回申请witness证人workingofapatent实施专利WorldIntellectualPropertyOrganization世界知识产权组这WPI世界专利索引WorldPatentIndex世界专利索引abandonmentofapatent放弃专利权bandonmentofapatentapplication放弃专利申请abridgment文摘abstract文摘(摘要)abuseofpatent滥用专利权actionforinfringementofpatent专利侵权诉讼actionofapatent专利诉讼addressforservice文件送达地址affidavit誓书allowance准许amendment修改annualfee年费annuity年费anticipation占先appeal上诉appellationoforigin原产地名称applicantforpatent专利申请人applicationdate申请日期applicationdocuments申请案文件applicationfee申请费applicationforpatent专利申请(案) applicationlayingopenforpublicinspection公开供公众审查的申请applicationnumber申请号applicationpapers申请案文件arbitration仲裁art技术articleofmanufacture制品assignee受让人assignment转让assignor转让人authoroftheinvention发明人author'scertificate发明人证书basicpatent基本专利BerneConvention伯尔尼公约BerneUnion伯尔尼联盟bestmode最佳方式bibliographicdata着录资料BIRPI保护知识产权联合国国际局boardofappeals申诉委员会breachofconfidence泄密BudapestTreatyontheInternationalRecognitionoftheDepositofMicroorganis msforthePurposesofPatentProcedure国际承认用于专利程序的微生物保存布达佩斯条约burdenofproof举证责任caselaw判例法caveat预告certificateofaddition增补证书Certificateofcorrection更正证明书certificateofpatent专利证书certifiedcopy经认证的副本ChemicalAbstracts化学文摘citation引证claim权项classifier分类员co-applicants共同申请人co-inventors共同发明人colorcoding色码制commissioner专利局长CommunityPatentConvention共同体专利公约completeapplication完整的申请案completedeion完整的叙述completespecification完整的说明书comptroller专利局长compulsorylicense强制许可证conception概念conceptiondate概念日期confidentialapplication机密申请confidentialinformation保密情报conflictaward冲突裁定conflictprocedure冲突程序conflictingapplications冲突申请案continuationapplication继续申请continuation-in-partapplication部分继续申请案contractuallicense契约性许可证contributoryinfringement简介侵犯conventionapplication公约申请conventioncountry公约国conventiondate公约日期ConventionEstablishingtheWorldIntellectualPropertyOrganization建立世界知识产权组织公约conventionperiod公约期限conventionpriority公约优先权copyright版权correctionslip勘误表counterpleadings反诉状counterclaim反诉countrycode国家代号crosslicense交叉许可证data资料dataexchangeagreement资料交换协议dataofapplication申请日期dateofgrant授予日期dateofissue颁发日期dateofpatent专利日期dateofpublication公布日期dedicationtothepublic捐献于公众defendant被告人defenses辩护defensivepublication防卫性公告deferredexamination延迟审查dependentclaim从属权项dependentpatent从属专利DerwentPublicationsLtd.德温特出版有限公司designpatent外观设计专利development发展disclaimer放弃权项disclosure公开division分案divisionalapplication分案申请dominationpatent支配专利drawing附图durationofpatent专利有效期economicpatent经济专利effectivefilingdate实际申请日期employee’sinvention雇员发明EPO欧洲专利局EuropeanPatentOffice欧洲专利局ESARIPO英语非洲工业产权组织EuropeanPatentConvention欧洲专利公约evidence证据examination审查examinationcountries审查制国家examinationfornovelty新颖性审查examiner审查员examiner’sreport审查员报告exclusivelicense独占性许可证exclusiveright专有权experimentaluse实验性使用expiredpatent期满专利exploitationofapatent实施专利expositionpriority展览优先权expropriation征用extensionoftermofapatent延长专利期限fee费用FICPI国际工业产权律师联合会filecopy存档原件filingdate申请日期filingfee申请费filingofanapplication提出申请finalaction终局决定书first-to-fileprinciple先申请原则first-to-inventionprinciple先发明原则forcemajeure不可抗力foreignpatentapplication外国专利申请formalexamination形式审查gazette公报GenevaTreatyontheInternationalRecordingofScientificDiscoveries关于科学发现国际注册日内瓦条约graceperiod宽限期grantofapatent授予专利权holderofapatent专利持有人CooperationinInformationRetrievalamongPatentOffices专利局间情报检索国际合作巴黎联盟委员会IFIA国际发明人协会联合会InternationalFederationofInventor’sAssociation国际发明人协会联合会IBB国际专利研究所InstitutInternationaldesBrevets国际专利研究所imitation仿造impeachment控告improvement改进improvementpatent改进专利independenceofpatents专利独立indicationofsource产地标记indirectinfringement间接侵犯industrialapplicability工业实用性industrialdesign工业品外观设计industrialproperty工业产权informationinthepublicdomain公开情报infringementofapatent侵犯专利权infringementofatrademark侵犯商标权INID着录资料识别码ICIREPATNumbersfortheIdentificationofData着录资料识别码INPADOC国际专利文献中心INSPEC国际物理学和工程情报服务部insufficientdisclosure公开不允分intellectualproperty知识产权interdependentpatents相互依存的专利interferenceprocedure抵触程序interlocutoryinjunction中间禁止令interlocutoryorder中间命令InternationalConventionfortheProtectionofNewVarietiesofPlants保护植物新品种国际公约InternationalPatentClassificationAgreement国际专利分类协定InternationalPreliminaryExaminingAuthority国际初审单位internationalprotection国际保护InternationalSearchingAuthority国际检索单位invalidation无效invention发明inventivestep独创性inventor发明人inventor’scertificate发明人证书issueofapatent办法专利jointapplicants共同申请人jointinvention共同发明jointinventors共同发明人jointpatentees共同专利权人journal公报judgment判决juniorparty后申请方know-how技术诀窍lapsedpatent已终止的专利lawsuitofapatent专利诉讼legalperson法人legend说明LESInternational国际许可贸易执行人协会LicensingExecutivesSocietyInternational国际许可贸易执行人协会letterspatent专利证书license许可证licenseagreement许可证协议licenseofcourse当然许可证licensing许可证贸易licensor许可人LisbonAgreementfortheProtectionofAppellationsofOriginandtheirInternat ionalRegistration保护原产地名称及国际注册里斯本协定LocarnoAgreementEstablishinganInternationalClassificationforIndustria lDesign建立工业品外观设计国际分类洛迦诺协定lossofapatent专利权的丧失MadridAgreementConcerningtheInternationalRegistrationofMarks商标国际注册马德里协定MadridAgreementfortheRepressionofFalseorDeceptiveIndicationsofSourceo nGoods制止商品产地虚假或欺骗性标记马德里协定mainpatent主专利maintenancefee维持费marking标记memorandumofunderstanding谅解备忘录method方法microforms微缩文件minimumdocumentation最少限度检索文献minimumroyalties最低提成费misuseofpatent滥用专利权mixedlicense混合许可证modellaws示范法most-favouredprovision最惠条款nameofinvention发明名称nationaltreatment国民待遇naturalperson自然人neighboringrights邻接权newvarietiesofplants植物新品种NiceAgreementConcerningtheInternational ClassificationofGoodsandServicesforthe PurposesoftheRegistrationofMarks商标注册用商品与服务国际分类尼斯协定non-examiningcountries不审查制国家non-exclusivelicense非独占性许可证non-obviousness非显而易见性non-useofapatent不实施专利notarypublic公正机关noticeofinfringement侵权通知novelty新颖性OAPI非洲知识产权组织objection异议officeaction专利局审查决定书opposition异议originality独创性ownerofapatent专利所有人parentapplication原申请ParisConvention巴黎公约ParisUnion巴黎联盟patent专利patentact专利法patentagent专利代理人patentappliedfor已申请专利patentattorney专利律师patentclassification专利分类patentdocumentation专利文献patentdocuments专利文件patentfamilies同族专利patentforaninvention发明专利patentlaw专利法patentlicense专利许可证patentnumber专利号patentofaddition增补专利patentofconfirmation确认专利patentofimportation输入专利patentofintroduction引进专利patentofrevalidation再效专利patentoffice专利局patentpending专利未决patentright专利权patentrules专利实施细则patentsystem专利制度patentability专利性patentedinvention专利发明patentee专利权人patenting授予专利权PCT专利合作条约PCTUnion专利合作条约pendingapplication未决申请periodofapatent专利有效期personskilledintheart所属技术领域的专业人员petition请求书pettypatent小专利plaintiff原告人plantpatent植物专利pleadings起诉状precautionalpatent预告专利precedents判例preion时效preventionofunfaircompetitionprincipalpatent 主专利priorart先有技术prioruse先用priority优先权priorityclaim优先权声明prioritydeclaration优先权声明processpatent方法专利processingofanapplication申请案的处理productpatent产品专利provisionalspecification临时说明书publication公布reclassification再分类reexamination复审refusal驳回registerofpatents专利登记册registeredpatent登记专利registeredtrademark注册商标registration登记registrationcountries登记制国家reissuepatent再颁发专利rejection驳回remedy补救renewalfee续展费request请求书restorationofalapsedpatent恢复已终止的专利restrictedconditions限制条款review复审revivalofanabandonedapplication恢复已放弃的申请revocationofapatent撤销专利royalties提成费ScienceAbstracts科学文摘scientificdiscovery科学发现scopeofprotection保护范围seal盖章search检索secretpatent机密专利serviceinvention职务发明servicemark服务标记signature签署simplelicense普通许可证singleapplicant单独申请人slidingscaleofroyalties滑动提成费solelicense排他性许可证specification说明书stateoftheart先有技术水平statementofclaim诉讼陈述statementofdefense辩护陈述substancepatent物质专利substantiveexamination实质性审查succession继承sufficiencyofdeion充分描述technicalassistance技术协助technicaldata技术资料technologytransfer技术转移temporaryprotection临时保护termofapatent专利有效期TheHagueAgreementConcerningtheInternational DepositofIndustrialDesigns工业品外观设计国际保存海牙协定titleofinvention发明名称titletopatent专利所有权trademark商标TrademarkRegistrationTreaty商标注册条约tradename厂商名称trial审判unfaircompetition不正当竞争unityofinvention发明单一性UniversalCopyrightConvention世界版权公约unpatentablesubjectmatter不能取得专利的主题usepatent用途专利utilitycertificate实用证书utilitymodel实用新型ViennaAgreementEstablishinganInternational ClassificationoftheFigurativeElementsofMarks建立商标图形要素国际分类维也纳协定ViennaAgreementfortheProtectionofTypeFaces andtheirInternationalDeposit印刷字体保护及其国际保存维也纳协定WIPO世界知识产权组织withdrawalofanapplication撤回申请witness证人workingofapatent实施专利WorldIntellectualPropertyOrganization世界知识产权组这WPI世界专利索引WorldPatentIndex世界专利索引ssemblyline组装线Layout布置图Conveyer流水线物料板Rivettable拉钉机Rivetgun拉钉枪Screwdriver起子Electricscrewdriver电动起子Pneumaticscrewdriver气动起子worktable工作桌OOBA开箱检查fittogether组装在一起fasten锁紧(螺丝)fixture夹具(治具)pallet栈板barcode条码barcodescanner条码扫描器fusetogether熔合fusemachine热熔机repair修理operator作业员QC品管supervisor课长ME制造工程师cosmeticinspect外观检查innerpartsinspect内部检查thumbscrew大头螺丝lbs.Inch镑、英寸EMIgasket导电条frontplate前板rearplate后板chassis基座bezelpanel面板powerbutton电源按键resetbutton重置键Hi-pottestofSPS高源高压测试VoltageswitchofSPS电源电压接拉键sheetmetalparts冲件plasticparts塑胶件SOP制造作业程序materialchecklist物料检查表workcell工作间trolley台车carton纸箱sub-line支线leftfork叉车personnelresourcedepartment人力资源部productiondepartment生产部门planningdepartment企划部QCSection品管科stampingfactory冲压厂paintingfactory烤漆厂moldingfactory成型厂commonequipment常用设备uncoilerandstraightener整平机punchingmachine冲床robot机械手hydraulicmachine油压机lathe车床planer刨床miller铣床grinder磨床driller钻床linearcutting线切割electricalsparkle电火花welder电焊机staker=revitingmachine铆合机position职务president董事长generalmanager总经理specialassistantmanager特别助理factorydirector厂长departmentdirector部长deputymanager|=vicemanager副经理sectionsupervisor课长deputysectionsupervisor=vicesectionsuperisor副课长groupleader/supervisor组长linesupervisor线长assistantmanager助理tomove,tocarry,tohandle搬运beputinstorage入库packpacking包装toapplyoil擦油tofileburr锉毛刺finalinspection终检toconnectmaterial接料toreversematerial翻料wetstation沾湿台Tiana天那水cleaningcloth抹布toloadmaterial上料tounloadmaterial卸料toreturnmaterial/stockto退料scraped|'skr?pid|报废scrape刮;削deficientpurchase来料不良manufactureprocedure制造过程deficientmanufacturingprocedur制造过程不良oxidation氧化scratch刮伤dents压痕defectiveupsidingdown抽芽不良defectivetostaking铆合不良embeddedlump镶块feedingisnotinplace送料不到位stamping-missing漏冲productioncapacity生产力educationandtraining教育与训练proposalimprovement提案改善spareparts=buffer备件forklift叉车trailer=longvehicle拖板车compounddie合模dielocker锁模器pressureplate=platepinch压板bolt螺栓nameofadepartment部门名称administration/generalaffairsdept总务部automaticscrewdriver电动启子thicknessgauge厚薄规gauge(orjig)治具powerwire电源线buzzle蜂鸣器defectiveproductlabel不良标签identifyingsheetlist标示单screwdriverholder起子插座pedal踩踏板stopper阻挡器flowboard流水板hydraulichandjack油压板车forklift叉车pallet栈板glove(s)手套glove(s)withexposedfingers割手套thumb大拇指forefinger食指midfinger中指ringfinger无名指littlefinger小指band-aid创可贴iudustrialalcohol工业酒精alcoholcontainer沾湿台headofscrewdriver起子头sweeper扫把mop拖把rag抹布garbagecontainer灰箕garbagecan垃圾箱garbagebag垃圾袋chain链条jack升降机productionline流水线chain链条槽magnetizer加磁器lampholder灯架tomopthefloor拖地tocleanthefloor扫地tocleanatable擦桌子airpipe气管packagingtool打包机packaging打包missingpart漏件wrongpart错件excessivedefects过多的缺陷criticaldefect极严重缺陷majordefect主要缺陷minordefect次要缺陷notuptostandard不合规格dimension/sizeisalittlebigger尺寸偏大(小)cosmeticdefect外观不良slippedscrewhead/slipperyscrewhead螺丝滑头slippedscrewhead/shipperyscrewthread滑手speckle斑点mildewed=moldy=mouldy发霉rust生锈deformation变形burr(金属)毛边flash(塑件)毛边poorstaking铆合不良excesssivegap间隙过大grease/oilstains油污inclusion杂质paintingpeeloff脏污shrinking/shrinkage缩水mixedcolor杂色scratch划伤poorprocessing制造过程不良poorincomingpart事件不良foldofpakagingbelt打包带折皱paintingmake-up补漆discoloration羿色waterspots水渍polishing/surfaceprocessing表面处理exposedmetal/baremetal金属裸露本版附件要求您登录后才可见19来顶一下45快速回复复制地址万里长城十亿兵，国耻岂待儿孙平。
专利核心词汇 中英文翻译
智慧芽（）专利检索为大家提供一些专利文献翻译常用词！1、 Aabandonment of a patent 放弃专利权abandonment of a patent application 放弃专利申请abridgment 文摘abstract 文摘(摘要)abuse of patent 滥用专利权action for infringement of patent 专利侵权诉讼action of a patent 专利诉讼address for service 文件送达地址affidavit 誓书allowance 准许amendment 修改annual fee 年费annuity 年费anticipation 占先appeal 上诉appellation of origin 原产地名称applicant for patent 专利申请人application date 申请日期application documents 申请案文件application fee 申请费application for patent 专利申请(案)application laying open for public inspection 公开供公众审查的申请application number 申请号application papers 申请案文件arbitration 仲裁art 技术article of manufacture 制品assignee 受让人assignment 转让assignor 转让人author of the invention 发明人author's certificate 发明人证书2、Bbasic patent 基本专利Berne Convention 伯尔尼公约Berne Union 伯尔尼联盟best mode 最佳方式bibliographic data 著录资料BIRPI 保护知识产权联合国国际局board of appeals 申诉委员会breach of confidence 泄密Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit ofMicroorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure 国际承认用于专利程序的微生物保存布达佩斯条约burden of proof 举证责任3、Ccase law 判例法caveat 预告certificate of addition 增补证书certificate of correction 更正证明书certificate of patent 专利证书certified copy 经认证的副本Chemical Abstracts 化学文摘citation 引证 claim 权项classifier 分类员co-applicants 共同申请人co-inventors 共同发明人color coding 色码制commissioner 专利局长Community Patent Convention 共同体专利公约complete application 完整的申请案complete description 完整的叙述complete specification 完整的说明书comptroller 专利局长compulsory license 强制许可证conception 概念conception date 概念日期confidential application 机密申请confidential information 保密情报conflict award 冲突裁定conflict procedure 冲突程序conflicting applications 冲突申请案continuation application 继续申请continuation-in-part application 部分继续申请案contractual license 契约性许可证contributory infringement 简介侵犯convention application 公约申请convention country 公约国convention date 公约日期Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization 建立世界知识产权组织公约convention period 公约期限convention priority 公约优先权copyright 版权correction slip 勘误表counter pleadings 反诉状counterclaim 反诉country code 国家代号cross license 交叉许可证4、Ddata 资料data exchange agreement 资料交换协议data of application 申请日期date of grant 授予日期date of issue 颁发日期date of patent 专利日期date of publication 公布日期dedication to the public 捐献于公众defendant 被告人defenses 辩护defensive publication 防卫性公告deferred examination 延迟审查dependent claim 从属权项dependent patent 从属专利Derwent Publications Ltd. 德温特出版有限公司design patent 外观设计专利development 发展disclaimer 放弃权项disclosure 公开division 分案divisional application 分案申请domination patent 支配专利drawing 附图duration of patent 专利有效期5、Eeconomic patent 经济专利effective filing date 实际申请日期employee’s invention 雇员发明EPO 欧洲专利局European Patent Office 欧洲专利局ESARIPO 英语非洲工业产权组织European Patent Convention 欧洲专利公约evidence 证据examination 审查examination countries 审查制国家examination for novelty 新颖性审查examiner 审查员examiner’s report 审查员报告exclusive license 独占性许可证exclusive right 专有权experimental use 实验性使用expired patent 期满专利exploitation of a patent 实施专利exposition priority 展览优先权expropriation 征用extension of term of a patent 延长专利期限6、Ffee 费用FICPI 国际工业产权律师联合会file copy 存档原件filing date 申请日期filing fee 申请费filing of an application 提出申请final action 终局决定书first-to-file principle 先申请原则first-to-invention principle 先发明原则force majeure 不可抗力foreign patent application 外国专利申请formal examination 形式审查7、Ggazette 公报Geneva Treaty on the International Recording of Scientific Discoveries 关于科学发现国际注册日内瓦条约grace period 宽限期grant of a patent 授予专利权8、H~Kholder of a patent 专利持有人ICIREPAT 专利局间情报检索国际合作巴黎联盟委员会Paris Union Committee for International Cooperation in Information Retrieval among PatentOffices 专利局间情报检索国际合作巴黎联盟委员会IFIA 国际发明人协会联合会International Federation of Inventor’s Association 国际发明人协会联合会IBB 国际专利研究所Institut International des Brevets 国际专利研究所imitation 仿造impeachment 控告improvement 改进improvement patent 改进专利 independence of patents 专利独立indication of source 产地标记indirect infringement 间接侵犯 industrial applicability 工业实用性industrial design 工业品外观设计industrial property 工业产权information in the public domain 公开情报infringement of a patent 侵犯专利权infringement of a trade mark 侵犯商标权INID 著录资料识别码ICIREPAT Numbers for the Identification of Data 著录资料识别码INPADOC 国际专利文献中心INSPEC 国际物理学和工程情报服务部insufficient disclosure 公开不允分intellectual property 知识产权interdependent patents 相互依存的专利interference procedure 抵触程序interlocutory injunction 中间禁止令interlocutory order 中间命令International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants 保护植物新品种国际公约International Patent Classification Agreement 国际专利分类协定International Preliminary Examining Authority 国际初审单位international protection 国际保护International Searching Authority 国际检索单位invalidation 无效invention 发明inventive step 独创性inventor 发明人inventor’s certificate 发明人证书IPC 国际专利分类International Patent Classification 国际专利分类issue of a patent 办法专利joint applicants 共同申请人joint invention 共同发明joint inventors 共同发明人joint patentees 共同专利权人journal 公报 judgment 判决junior party 后申请方know-how 技术诀窍9、 L~Nlapsed patent 已终止的专利lawsuit of a patent 专利诉讼legal person 法人legend 说明LES International 国际许可贸易执行人协会Licensing Executives Society International 国际许可贸易执行人协会letters patent 专利证书license 许可证license agreement 许可证协议license of course 当然许可证licensing 许可证贸易licensor 许可人Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration 保护原产地名称及国际注册里斯本协定Locarno Agreement Establishing an International Classification for Industrial Design 建立工业品外观设计国际分类洛迦诺协定loss of a patent 专利权的丧失Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks 商标国际注册马德里协定Madrid Agreement for the Repression of False or Deceptive Indications of Source on Goods 制止商品产地虚假或欺骗性标记马德里协定main patent 主专利maintenance fee 维持费marking 标记memorandum of understanding 谅解备忘录method 方法microforms 微缩文件minimum documentation 最少限度检索文献minimum royalties 最低提成费misuse of patent 滥用专利权mixed license 混合许可证model laws 示范法most-favoured provision 最惠条款name of invention 发明名称national treatment 国民待遇natural person 自然人neighboring rights 邻接权new varieties of plants 植物新品种Nice Agreement Concerning the International Classification of Goods and Services for the Purposes of the Registration of Marks 商标注册用商品与服务国际分类尼斯协定non-examining countries 不审查制国家non-exclusive license 非独占性许可证non-obviousness 非显而易见性non-use of a patent 不实施专利notary public 公正机关notice of infringement 侵权通知novelty 新颖性10 、O~QOAPI 非洲知识产权组织objection 异议office action 专利局审查决定书opposition 异议originality 独创性owner of a patent 专利所有人parent application 原申请Paris Convention 巴黎公约Paris Union 巴黎联盟patent 专利patent act 专利法patent agent 专利代理人patent applied for 已申请专利patent attorney 专利律师patent classification 专利分类patent documentation 专利文献patent documents 专利文件patent families 同族专利patent for an invention 发明专利patent law 专利法patent license 专利许可证patent number 专利号patent of addition 增补专利patent of confirmation 确认专利patent of importation 输入专利patent of introduction 引进专利patent of revalidation 再效专利patent office 专利局patent pending 专利未决patent right 专利权patent rules 专利实施细则patent system 专利制度patentability 专利性patented invention 专利发明patentee 专利权人patenting 授予专利权PCT 专利合作条约PCT Union 专利合作条约pending application 未决申请period of a patent 专利有效期person skilled in the art 所属技术领域的专业人员petition 请求书petty patent 小专利plaintiff 原告人plant patent 植物专利pleadings 起诉状precautional patent 预告专利precedents 判例prescription 时效prevention of unfair competitionprincipal patent 主专利prior art 先有技术prior use 先用priority 优先权priority claim 优先权声明priority declaration 优先权声明process patent 方法专利processing of an application 申请案的处理product patent 产品专利provisional specification 临时说明书publication 公布11R~Treclassification 再分类reexamination 复审refusal 驳回register of patents 专利登记册registered patent 登记专利registered trade mark 注册商标registration 登记registration countries 登记制国家reissue patent 再颁发专利rejection 驳回remedy 补救renewal fee 续展费request 请求书restoration of a lapsed patent 恢复已终止的专利restricted conditions 限制条款review 复审revival of an abandoned application 恢复已放弃的申请revocation of a patent 撤销专利royalties 提成费Science Abstracts 科学文摘scientific discovery 科学发现scope of protection 保护范围seal 盖章search 检索secret patent 机密专利service invention 职务发明service mark 服务标记signature 签署simple license 普通许可证single applicant 单独申请人sliding scale of royalties 滑动提成费sole license 排他性许可证specification 说明书state of the art 先有技术水平statement of claim 诉讼陈述statement of defense 辩护陈述substance patent 物质专利substantive examination 实质性审查succession 继承sufficiency of description 充分描述technical assistance 技术协助technical data 技术资料technology transfer 技术转移temporary protection 临时保护term of a patent 专利有效期The Hague Agreement Concerning the International Deposit of Industrial Designs 工业品外观设计国际保存海牙协定title of invention 发明名称title to patent 专利所有权trade mark 商标Trademark Registration Treaty 商标注册条约trade name 厂商名称trial 审判12、U~Zunfair competition 不正当竞争unity of invention 发明单一性Universal Copyright Convention 世界版权公约unpatentable subject matter 不能取得专利的主题use patent 用途专利utility certificate 实用证书utility model 实用新型Vienna Agreement Establishing an International Classification of the Figurative Elements of Marks 建立商标图形要素国际分类维也纳协定Vienna Agreement for the Protection of Type Faces and their International Deposit 印刷字体保护及其国际保存维也纳协定WIPO 世界知识产权组织withdrawal of an application 撤回申请witness 证人working of a patent 实施专利World Intellectual Property Organization 世界知识产权组WPI 世界专利索引World Patent Index 世界专利索引。
Amazon亚马逊商标侵权申诉信模板中英文版本
Amazon亚马逊商标侵权申诉信模板中英文版本尊敬的亚马逊团队，我代表[您的公司名称]向您致以最诚挚的问候。
我写这封信的目的是为了处理一项关于我们的商标可能被侵犯的投诉。
我们的公司，[您的公司名称]，自[成立年份]以来，一直在[您的行业/产品类型]领域提供优质的产品和服务。
我们的商标，[商标名称]，已于[注册年份]在[相关国家/地区]注册，编号为[商标注册号]。
近期，我们注意到在亚马逊平台上，有一些卖家可能涉嫌侵犯了我们的商标权。
他们销售的产品与我们的产品存在高度的相似性，且可能误导消费者认为这些产品来源于我们或与我们有某种关联。
这一行为已经对我们的品牌形象和产品销售造成了负面影响。
根据我们查阅的相关法律法规，商标权是一种受到保护的权益，任何未经商标注册人许可的使用、销售或宣传与其注册商标相似的标识或产品，都可能构成侵权行为。
我们确信，这些涉嫌侵权的卖家在未经我们许可的情况下使用我们的商标是违法的。
我们非常重视这个问题，并希望亚马逊平台能积极协助我们解决这一问题。
我们希望您能采取以下措施：1.删除涉嫌侵权的商品信息。
2.永久禁止涉嫌侵权的卖家在平台上销售我们的产品。
3.如果可能，我们希望亚马逊能协助我们找出这些涉嫌侵权的卖家，以便我们采取进一步的法律行动。
我们非常重视亚马逊平台的公平竞争和合法性原则，我们希望能与亚马逊平台一起，共同保护知识产权和消费者的合法权益。
感谢您花时间阅读这封信。
我们期待着您的积极回应和进一步行动。
如果您需要更多的信息或证据，请随时联系我们。
此致，[您的名字][您的职位][您的联系信息][您的公司名称]Dear Amazon Team,On behalf of [your company name], I would like to extend my warmest regards to you. I am writing this letter to address a complaint regarding possible infringement of our trademark.Our company, [your company name], has been providing quality products and services in [your industry/product type] since [year established]. Our trademark, [trademark name], was registered in [relevant country] on [year of registration] under the number [trademark registration number].Recently, we have noticed that some sellers on the Amazon platform may be suspected of infringing our trademark rights. The products they sell are highly similar to our products and may mislead consumers into thinking that these products originate from us or are somehow related to us. This behavior has negatively impacted our brand image and product sales.According to the relevant laws and regulations we reviewed, trademark rights are a protected right. Any use, sale or promotion of logos orproducts similar to the registered trademark without the permission of the trademark registrant may constitute infringement. We believe that these allegedly infringing sellers are violating the law by using our trademarks without our permission.We take this issue very seriously and hope that the Amazon platform can actively assist us in solving this problem. We hope you will take the following steps:1.Delete product information suspected of infringement.2.Sellers suspected of infringement are permanently banned from selling our products on the platform.3.If possible, we hope that Amazon can assist us in identifying these suspected infringing sellers so that we can take further legal action.We attach great importance to the principles of fair competition and legality on the Amazon platform, and we hope to work with the Amazon platform to protect intellectual property rights and the legitimate rights and interests of consumers.Thank you for taking the time to read this letter. We look forward to your positive response and further actions. If you require more information orevidence, please feel free to contact us. Sincerely,[your name][your job title][your contact information][your company name]。
商标专业术语英文
商标专业术语英文1. Trademark: A trademark is a word, phrase, symbol,and/or design that identifies and distinguishes the source of the goods or services of one party from those of others.2. Service mark: A service mark is similar to a trademark, but it identifies and distinguishes the source of a service rather than a product.3. Trademark infringement: This occurs when a party usesa trademark that is identical or confusingly similar to a registered trademark owned by another party, and such useis likely to cause consumer confusion or deception.4. Trademark registration: This is the process by whicha trademark owner seeks legal protection for their trademark by registering it with the appropriate government authority, such as the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).5. Trademark class: Trademarks are categorized into different classes based on the type of goods or services they cover. For example, Class 25 covers clothing andapparel, while Class 35 covers advertising and business services.6. Trademark search: Before applying for a trademark registration, it is important to conduct a trademark search to check for any existing trademarks that are similar to the one you wish to register. This helps to avoid potential conflicts and rejections.7. Trademark renewal: Trademarks must be renewed periodically to maintain their legal protection. In the United States, trademarks must be renewed every 10 years.8. Trademark licensing: This is the process by which a trademark owner grants permission to another party to use their trademark in connection with specific goods or services, usually in exchange for a licensing fee.9. Collective trademark: A collective trademark is used by members of a group, such as a trade association, to identify their goods or services and distinguish them from those of non-members.10. Certification mark: A certification mark is used to indicate that certain goods or services meet specificstandards or qualifications set by the certifying organization.11. Trade dress: Trade dress refers to the overall appearance and image of a product, including its packaging, design, and other visual elements, which can function as a source identifier and be protected as a trademark.12. Trademark dilution: This occurs when unauthorized use of a famous trademark diminishes the distinctiveness or tarnishes the reputation of the trademark, even if there is no likelihood of consumer confusion.13. Trademark assignment: This is the transfer of ownership of a trademark from one party to another. It must be recorded with the appropriate government authority to be legally effective.14. Madrid System: The Madrid System for the International Registration of Marks is a centralized trademark registration system that allows trademark owners to seek protection in multiple countries through a single application.15. Parallel import: Also known as gray market goods, parallel imports are genuine branded goods imported and sold in a country without the authorization of the trademark owner.16. Trademark litigation: This refers to legal proceedings involving trademark disputes, such as infringement claims, oppositions to trademark applications, and cancellation actions.17. Trademark office action: After filing a trademark application, the examining attorney at the trademark office may issue an office action, which outlines any issues or objections with the application that must be addressed.18. Trademark watch service: This is a monitoring service that helps trademark owners keep track of new trademark applications and registrations that may besimilar to their own, allowing them to take appropriate action if necessary.19. Trade name: A trade name is the official name of a business or company, which may or may not be the same asits trademark.20. Trademark coexistence agreement: This is a legal agreement between two parties that have similar trademarks, allowing them to coexist and use their respectivetrademarks without interfering with each other's rights.商标：商标是指用于识别和区分一方货物或服务来源的单词、短语、符号和/或设计。
TradeNameRegistr...
B U S I N E S S B U L L E T I NThe Department of Licensing has a policy of providing equal access to its services.If you need special accommodation, please call (360) 664-1400 or TTY (360) 664-8885.BLS-700-128 (R/5/08)OR Page 1 of 2Trade Name RegistrationWhat is a trade name?A trade name is any name used in the course of business that does not include the full legal name of all the owners of the business.In the case of a limited partnership or a corporation, it is any name that differs in any respect from the name registered with the Secretary of State (see example on the reverse side).If you are using your personal name in your business name, please see the examples on the reverse side to determine if you need to register.What is the purpose of trade name registration?The trade name registration provides a record of all owners of a business. This information is provided to the public if requested. Registering your trade name does not protect the name from use by others. The right to use a trade name belongs to the one who fi rst uses it in connection with their business.Information on trade name protection can be found in RCW 19.80.010; and the court case Foss vs. Culberton , 17 Wash.2d 610, 136 P .2d 711 (1943).Why should I register my trade name?If you do not register the trade name you are not entitled to maintain a lawsuit on behalf of your business in any court of this state. This applies to all lawsuits, not just suits related to the business name.How do I register my trade name?Trade names are registered using the Master Business Application. Simply list each name you want to register in the Fees section on page one. There is a $5 fee for each name you register.How do I determine if a business name is available?Search the Department of Licensing for fi rm names and trade names:online with the Business and Professional License Search at: /business/checkstatus.html • by mail. Send us a letter with your return address, a list of the names you want to research, and a check or• money order. The cost is $4 to search up to 3 names. Send your letter and fee to: Master License Service Department of Licensing PO Box 9034 O lympia, WA 98507-9034by phone at (360) 664-1400• Note: If the search result is “No matches were found for your search,” it doesn’t guarantee that the name is not being used, only that it has not been registered.Search the Offi ce of the Secretary of State’s Trademark Division for corporation names, trademarks and servicemarks that are registered in this state. Contact their offi ce at (360) 725-0377.Search the U.S. Patent and Trademark Offi ce for federally reserved names at 1-800-786-9199 or at: /Search the Washington Department of Revenue for business records at: Search the Washington Labor and Industries for Building Contractor names at: What do I do if I’m no longer using a trade name?Y ou can cancel a trade name by sending a letter requesting the cancellation to the address or fax number below. There is no charge for canceling a trade name. Master License Service Department of Licensing PO Box 9034 O lympia WA 98507-9034Fax (360) 570-7875Trade Name ExamplesCorporations/limited liability companies/limited partnershipsB U S I N E S S B U L L E T I NDo not need to registerDo need to registerPossible business namesGinger’s Sweets Emporium, Inc. Ginger’s Sweets Emporium, Inc.Ginger’s Sweets EmporiumGinger’s SweetsGinger’s Emporium Ginger’sSweets EmporiumName registered with Sec. of StatePartners using personal namesSole proprietor using personal nameDo not need to registerDo need to registerPossible business namesJohn J. Jones John J. JonesJohn Jones Johnny’s John J. Jones CPA Johnny Jones J.J.’sJohn J. Jones Construction J.J. Jones Johnny Jones & Company John J. Jones EnterprisesJones John J. Jones & Associates John’s Johnny Jones Johnny Jones John Jones Johnny’s Johnny Jones CPA John J. Jones J.J.’sJohnny Jones Construction J.J. Jones Johnny Jones & Company Johnny Jones EnterprisesJones’ Johnny Jones & Associates John’s J.J. Jones J. J. Jones John Jones Johnny’s J. J. Jones, CPA John J. Jones J.J.’sJ. J. Jones Construction Johnny Jones J.J. Jones & Company J. J. Jones EnterprisesJones’ J.J. Jones & AssociatesJohn’sFull legal nameDo not need to registerDo need to registerPossible business namesMichael Smith & John Jones Michael Smith & John JonesMike Smith & John Jones Michael Smith & John Jones, CPAsM. Smith & J. Jones Michael Smith & John Jones Construction Smith & Jones Michael Smith & John Jones Enterprises Michael & John M & J S & JMichael Smith , John Jones & CompanyMichael Smith, John Jones & AssociatesFull legal nameBLS-700-128 (R5/08)OR Page 2 of 2。
BEC商务英语热词：“起诉”英语怎么说优秀9篇
BEC商务英语热词：“起诉”英语怎么说优秀9篇BEC商务英语热词篇一美国联邦政府近日推出了“旧车换现金计划”(Cash for Clunkers)，这项计划旨在鼓励车主将耗油量大、废气污染严重的旧车，换成更节能的新款汽车，一方面扶持本国汽车制造业，另一方面兼顾环保。
根据这项计划，美国车主如果报废自己的旧汽车并购买燃油效率更高的新车，可获3500美元至4500美元补贴。
一时间美国民众掀起了贴换热潮，计划开始一个月内就已耗尽10亿美元补贴经费。
“折价贴换”如何翻译为英语？请看新华社的报道：Recently, the US Government passed legislation providing vouchers valued from 3,500 dollar to 4,500 dollars when you trade-in a vehicle and purchase a new one.近日，美国政府通过了一项法案，为将旧车折价贴换新车的车主提供价值3500至4500美元的现金券。
在上面的报道中，trade-in就是“折价贴换”，具体而言，就是以旧物折价抵充部分货价，用旧物品再贴上一部分钱跟商贩换取新的物品。
例如：He preferred to keep his old sedan rather than acquire something slightly newer on a trade-in.(他宁可继续开他那辆旧轿车也不愿折价贴换一辆稍稍新一点的Trade-in既可指“折价贴换的交易”，也可指“折价物”本身，例如：He bought a trade-in for a very low price.(他以低价买了一个折价商品。
)此外，trade-in还可以作形容词用，即“折价贴换的”，如：What is the car's trade-in value?(这辆汽车折价多少？)和trade-in相似的词还有trade-up，意思是“换购”，即把旧物卖掉而购买同类更高档的新品。
企业注册英文名字流程
企业注册英文名字流程Enterprise Registration English Name Process。
Introduction:When starting a business, one of the crucial steps is to register the company's name. Choosing an English name for your enterprise is essential for branding and international recognition. This document will guide you through the process of registering an English name for your company.Step 1: Research and Brainstorming。
Before registering an English name, it is important to conduct thorough research. Consider the target market, industry, and competitors. Brainstorm potential names that reflect your company's values, products, or services. Ensure that the name is unique, memorable, and easy to pronounce.Step 2: Check Availability。
Once you have a list of potential names, it is crucial to check their availability. Conduct a search on the official website of the relevant government agency responsible for business registration. Verify if any other company has already registered the name you have chosen. It is advisable to have a few backup options in case your preferred name is already taken.Step 3: Trademark Search。
Trade Name (The commercial firm name)：商品名(商品的公司名称)
*The firm name consists of an essential part (core) and an addition. The words “Turk”, “Turkish”, “Republic”, and “National” may be included in the firm name upon the decision of the Counsil of Ministers.
İthalat ihracat anonim şirketi + Ahmet Ökmen Anonim şirketi -
Branch offices should be registered in the registry of commerce where they are located. Tü rk Ticaret Bankası A.Ş. Alsancak Şb.
When the firm name is owned by a single merchant, the essential part of the firm name must consist of the first name and family name. Besides the essential part, the merchant may include an addition in accordance with art.48. Essential part + Addition
Trade Name (The commercial firm name)
Firm name is the name of the merchant
under which he operates his business. Every merchant must register his firm name in the commercial registry within 15 days of the establishing the business and must publish it The registered firm name must be posted on an easily visible place at the front of the business.