经济类英文专业术语
经济学中常见术语(中英文对照)
经济学中常见术语(中英文对照)经济术语价格术语trade term (price term)运费freight单价price码头费wharfage总值total value卸货费landing charges 金额amount关税customs duty净价net price印花税stamp duty含佣价price including commission港口税portdues回佣return commission 装运港portof shipment 折扣discount,allowance 卸货港port of discharge 批发价wholesale price 目的港portof destination零售价retail price进口许口证inportlicence现货价格spot price出口许口证exportlicence期货价格forward price 现行价格（时价）current price国际市场价格world (International)Marketpr ice离岸价（船上交货价）FOB-free on board成本加运费价（离岸加运费价）C&F-cost and freightpublic sector 公共部门,公共成分economic channels 经济渠道economic balance 经济平衡economic fluctuation 经济波动economic depression 经济衰退economic stability 经济稳定economic policy 经济政策economic recovery 经济复原understanding 约定concentration 集中holding company 控股公司trust 托拉斯cartel 卡特尔rate of growth 增长economic trend 经济趋势economic situation 经济形势infrastructure 基本建设standard of living 生活标准,生活水平purchasing power, buying power 购买力scarcity 短缺stagnation 停滞,萧条,不景气underdevelopment 不发达underdeveloped 不发达的developing 发展中的initial capital 创办资本frozen capital 冻结资金frozen assets 冻结资产fixed assets 固定资产real estate 不动产,房地产circulating capital, working capital 流动资本available capital 可用资产capital goods 资本货物reserve 准备金,储备金calling up of capital 催缴资本allocation of funds 资金分配contribution of funds 资金捐献working capital fund 周转基金revolving fund 循环基金,周转性基金contingency fund 意外开支,准备金reserve fund 准备金buffer fund 缓冲基金,平准基金sinking fund 偿债基金investment 投资,资产investor 投资人self-financing 自筹经费,经费自给current account 经常帐户(美作:checking account)current-account holder 支票帐户(美作:checking-account holder)cheque 支票(美作:check)bearer cheque, cheque payable to bearer 无记名支票,来人支票crossed cheque 划线支票traveller's cheque 旅行支票chequebook 支票簿,支票本(美作:checkbook) endorsement 背书transfer 转让,转帐,过户money 货币issue 发行ready money 现钱cash 现金ready money business, no credit given 现金交易,概不赊欠change 零钱banknote, note 钞票,纸币(美作:bill)to pay (in) cash 付现金domestic currency, local currency] 本国货币convertibility 可兑换性convertible currencies 可自由兑换货币exchange rate 汇率,兑换率foreign exchange 外汇floating exchange rate 浮动汇率free exchange rates 自由汇兑市场foreign exchange certificate 外汇兑换券hard currency 硬通货speculation 投机saving 储装,存款depreciation 减价,贬值devaluation (货币)贬值revaluation 重估价runaway inflation 无法控制的通货膨胀deflation 通货紧缩capital flight 资本外逃stock exchange 股票市场stock exchange corporation 证券交易所stock exchange 证券交易所,股票交易所quotation 报价,牌价share 股份,股票shareholder, stockholder 股票持有人,股东dividend 股息,红利cash dividend 现金配股stock investment 股票投资investment trust 投资信托stock-jobber 股票经纪人stock company, stock brokerage firm 证券公司securities 有价证券share, common stock 普通股preference stock 优先股income gain 股利收入issue 发行股票par value 股面价格, 票面价格bull 买手, 多头bear 卖手, 空头assigned 过户opening price 开盘closing price 收盘hard times 低潮business recession 景气衰退doldrums 景气停滞dull 盘整ease 松弛raising limit 涨停板break 暴跌bond, debenture 债券Wall Street 华尔街short term loan 短期贷款long term loan 长期贷款medium term loan 中期贷款lender 债权人creditor 债权人debtor 债务人,借方borrower 借方,借款人borrowing 借款interest 利息rate of interest 利率discount 贴现,折扣rediscount 再贴现annuity 年金maturity 到期日,偿还日amortization 摊销,摊还,分期偿付redemption 偿还insurance 保险mortgage 抵押allotment 拨款short term credit 短期信贷consolidated debt 合并债务funded debt 固定债务,长期债务floating debt 流动债务drawing 提款,提存aid 援助allowance, grant, subsidy 补贴,补助金,津贴output 产出,产量producer 生产者,制造者productive, producing 生产的products, goods 产品consumer goods 消费品article 物品,商品manufactured goods, finished goods 制成品,产成品raw product 初级产品semifinished goods 半成品by-product 副产品foodstuffs 食品raw material 原料supply 供应,补给input 投入productivity 生产率productiveness 赢利性overproduction 生产过剩农业farming林业forestry畜牧业animal husbandry副业sideline production 渔业fishing第一产业primary industry第二产业secondary industry第三产业tertiary industry生产资料means of production生活资料means of livelihood/subsistence 生产关系relations of production生产力productive forces公有制public ownership私有制private ownership全民所有制ownership by the entire/whole people社会主义集体所有制socialist collective ownership厉行节约，反对浪费to practice strict economy and combat waste外资企业foreign-funded enterprise合资企业joint venture 合作企业cooperative enterprise独资企业wholly foreign owned/funded ente。
经济学英语词汇大全解读经济学理论的专业术语
经济学英语词汇大全解读经济学理论的专业术语经济学是研究资源配置和价值决策的学科，它使用一些专业术语来描述和解释不同的经济现象和理论。
在本文中，我们将提供一个经济学英语词汇大全，以便更好地理解经济学的相关概念和理论。
一、宏观经济学（Macroeconomics）宏观经济学研究整体经济活动，包括国家的经济增长率、就业率、通货膨胀率等。
以下是一些宏观经济学中常用的词汇：1. Gross Domestic Product (GDP)：国内生产总值，衡量一个国家或地区在一定时间内所产生的全部最终产品和服务的价值。
2. Inflation：通货膨胀，指一国货币的持续贬值，导致物价普遍上升。
3. Unemployment Rate：失业率，表示劳动力市场上正在寻找工作但找不到的人数占劳动力总数的比例。
4. Interest Rate：利率，借贷资金的费用，也是货币政策调控的手段之一。
二、微观经济学（Microeconomics）微观经济学研究个体经济行为和市场供需关系。
以下是一些微观经济学中常用的词汇：1. Supply and Demand：供求关系，描述市场上商品或服务的供应量和需求量之间的关系。
2. Elasticity：弹性，衡量商品或服务的数量对价格变化的敏感程度。
3. Market Equilibrium：市场均衡，当供需达到平衡时，市场价格不再有明显的上升或下降趋势。
4. Utility：效用，表示个体对商品或服务的满意程度。
三、国际贸易（International Trade）国际贸易研究不同国家间的商品和服务交换。
以下是一些国际贸易中常用的词汇：1. Balance of Trade：贸易差额，表示一个国家的出口减去进口的差值。
2. Comparative Advantage：比较优势，指一个国家对某种商品或服务的生产成本相对较低。
3. Tariff：关税，一国政府对进口商品征收的税收。
4. Exchange Rate：汇率，用于表示一种货币与另一种货币之间的比率。
经济学专业术语(中英文对照)
经济学专业术语（中英文对照）目录1. 经济学原理 (2)2. 像经济学家一样思考 (2)3. 相互依存性与贸易的好处 (3)4. 供给与需求的市场力量 (3)5. 弹性及其应用 (4)6. 供给需求与政策 (4)7. 消费者、生产者与市场效率 (4)8. 赋税的应用 (4)9. 国际贸易 (5)10. 外部性 (5)11. 公共物品和公共资源 (5)12. 税制设计 (5)13. 生产成本 (6)14. 竞争市场上的企业 (7)15. 垄断 (7)16. 垄断竞争 (7)17. 寡头 (7)18. 生产要素市场 (8)19. 收入与歧视 (8)20. 收入不平等与贫困 (8)21. 消费者选择理论 (9)22. 微观经济学前沿 (9)23. 一国收入的衡量 (10)24. 生活费用的衡量 (10)25. 生产与增长 (10)26. 储蓄、投资和金融体系 (11)27. 金融学的基本工具 (11)28. 失业 (12)29. 货币制度 (12)30. 货币增长与通货膨胀 (13)31. 开放经济的宏观经济学 (14)32. 开放经济的宏观经济理论 (14)33. 总需求与总供给 (14)34. 货币政策和财政政策对总需求影响 (15)35. 通胀与失业之间的短期权衡取舍 (15)1.经济学原理经济:(economy)稀缺性:(scarcity)经济学:(economics)效率:(efficiency)平等:(equality)机会成本:(opporyunity cost)理性人:(rational people)边际变动:(marginal change)边际收益:(marginal benefit)边际成本:(marginal cost)激励:(incentive)市场经济:(market economy)产权:(property rights)市场失灵:(market failure)外部性:(externality)市场势力:(market power)生产率:(productivity)通货膨胀:(inflation)经济周期:(business cycle)2.像经济学家一样思考循环流量图:(circular-flow diagram)生产可能性边界:(production possibilities)微观经济学:(microeconomics)宏观经济学:(macroeconomics)实证表述:(positive statements)规范表述:(normative statements)有序数对:(ordered pair)3.相互依存性与贸易的好处绝对优势:(absolute advantage)机会成本:(apportunity cost)比较优势:(comparative advantage)进口品:(imports)出口品:(exports)4.供给与需求的市场力量市场:(market)竞争市场:(competitive market)需求量:(quantity demand)需求定理:(law of demand)需求表:(demand schedule)需求曲线:(demand curve)正常物品:(normal good)低档物品:(inferior good)替代品:(substitutes)互补品:(complements)供给量:(quantity supplied)供给定理:(law of supply)供给表:(supply schedule)供给曲线:(supply curve)均衡:(equilibrium)均衡价格:(equilibrium price)均衡数量:(equilibrium quantity)过剩:(surplus)短缺:(shortage)供求定理:(law of supply and demand)5.弹性及其应用弹性:(elasticity)需求价格弹性:(price elasticity of demand)总收益:(total revenue)需求收入弹性:(income elasticity)需求的交叉价格弹性:(cross-price elasticity)供给价格弹性:(price elasticity of supply)6.供给需求与政策价格上限:(price ceiling)价格下限:(price floor)税收归宿:(tax incidence)7.消费者、生产者与市场效率福利经济学:(welfare economics)支付意愿:(willingness to pay)消费者剩余:(consumer surplus)成本:(cost)生产者剩余:(producer surplus)效率:(efficiency)平等:(equality)8.赋税的应用无谓损失:(deadweight loss)9.国际贸易世界价格:(world price)关税:(tariff)10.外部性外部性:(externality)外部性内在化:(internalizing the externality)矫正税:(corrective taxes)科斯定理:(coase theorem)交易成本:(transaction cost)11.公共物品和公共资源排他性:(excludability)消费中的竞争性:(rivalry in consumption)私人物品:(private goods)公共物品:(public goods)公共资源:(common resources)俱乐部物品:(club goods)搭便车者:(free rider)成本-收益分析:(cost-benefit analysis)公地悲剧:(tragedy of commons)12.税制设计纳税义务:(tax lianility)预算赤字:(budget defict)预算盈余:(budget surplus)平均税率:(average tax rate)边际税率:(marginal tax rate)定额税:(lump-sum tax)受益原则:(benefits principle)支付能力原则:(ability-to-pay principle)纵向平等:(vertical equity)横向平等:(horizontal equity)比例税:(proportional tax)累退税:(regressive tax)累进税:(progressive tax)13.生产成本总收益:(total revenue)总成本:(total cost)利润:(profit)显性成本:(explicit costs)隐性成本:(implicit costs)经济利润:(economic profit)会计利润:(counting profit)生产函数:(production function)边际产量:(marginal product)边际产量递减:(diminishing marginal product)固定成本:(fixed costs)可变成本:(variable costs)平均总成本:(average total cost)平均固定成本:(average fixed costs)平均可变成本:(average variable costs)边际成本:(marginal cost)有效规模:(efficient scale)规模经济:(economies of scale)规模不经济:(diseconomies of scale)规模收益不变:(constant returns to scale) 14.竞争市场上的企业竞争市场:(competitive market)平均收益:(average revenue)边际收益:(marginal revenue)沉没成本:(sunk revenue)15.垄断垄断企业:(monopoly)自然垄断:(natural monopoly)价格歧视:(price discrimination)16.垄断竞争寡头:(oligopoly)垄断竞争:(monopolistic competition) 17.寡头博弈论:(game theory)勾结:(collusion)卡特尔:(cartel)纳什均衡:(Nash equilibrium)囚徒困境:(prisoners’ dilemma)占优策略:(dominant strategy)18.生产要素市场生产要素:(factors of production)生产函数:(production function)劳动的边际产量:(marginal product of labor)边际产量递减:(diminishing marginal product)边际产量值:(value of the marginal product)资本:(capital)19.收入与歧视补偿性工资差别:(compensating differential)人力资本:(human capital)工会:(union)罢工:(strike)效率工资:(efficiency)歧视:(discrimination)20.收入不平等与贫困贫困率:(poverty rate)贫困率:(poverty line)实物转移支付:(in-kind transfers)生命周期:(life cycle)持久收入:(permanent income)功利主义:(utilitariansm)效用:(utilitariansm)自由主义:(liberalism)最大最小准则:(maximin criterion)负所得税:(negative income tax)福利:(welfare)社会保险:(social insurance)自由至上主义:(libertarianism)21.消费者选择理论预算约束线:(budget constraint)无差异曲线:(indiffernnce curve)边际替代率:(marginal rate of subtitution)完全替代品:(perfect substitudes)完全互补品:(perfect complements)正常物品:(normal good)低档物品:(inferior good)收入效应:(income effect)替代效应:(substitution effect)吉芬物品:(Giffen good)22.微观经济学前沿道德风险:(moral hazard)代理人:(agent)委托人:(principal)逆向选择:(adverse selection)发信号:(signaling)筛选:(screening)政治经济学:(political economy)康多塞悖论:(condorcet paradox)阿罗不可能性定理:(Arrow’s impossibility)中值选民定理:(median vater theorem)行为经济学:(behavioral economics)23.一国收入的衡量微观经济学:(microeconomics)宏观经济学:(macroeconomics)国内生产总值:(gross domestic product,GDP)消费:(consumption)投资:(investment)政府购买:(government purchase)净出口:(net export)名义GDP:(nominal GDP)真实GDP:(real GDP)GDP平减指数:(GDP deflator)24.生活费用的衡量消费物价指数:(consumer price index,CPI)通货膨胀率:(inflation rate)生产物价指数:(produer price index,PPI)指数化:(indexation)生活费用津贴:(cost-of-living allowance,COLA)名义利率:(nominal interest rate)25.生产与增长生产率:(productivity)物质资本:(physical capital)人力资本:(human capital)自然资源:(natural resources)技术知识:(technological knoeledge)收益递减:(diminishing returns)追赶效应:(catch-up effect)26.储蓄、投资和金融体系金融体系:(financial system)金融市场:(financial markets)债券:(bond)股票:(stock)金融中介机构:(financial intermediaries)共同基金:(mutual fund)国民储蓄:(national saving)私人储蓄:(private saving)公共储蓄:(public saving)预算盈余:(budget surplus)预算赤字:(budget deficit)可贷资金市场:(market for loanable funds)挤出:(crowding out)27.金融学的基本工具金融学:(finance)现值:(present value)终值:(future value)复利:(compounding)风险厌恶:(risk aversion)多元化:(diversification)企业特有风险:(firm-specific risk)市场风险:(market risk)基本面风险:(fundamental analysis)有效市场假说:(efficient markets by pothesis)信息有效:(informational efficiency)随机游走:(random walk)28.失业劳动力:(laborforce)失业率:(unemployment rate)劳动力参与率:(labor-force participation rate)自然失业率:(natural rate of unemployment)周期性失业:(cyclical unemployment)失去信心的工人:(discouraged workers)摩擦性失业:(frictional unemployment)结构性失业:(structural unemployment)寻找工作:(job search)失业保险:(unemployment insurance)工会:(union)集体谈判:(collective bargaining)罢工:(strike)效率工资:(essiciency wages)29.货币制度货币:(money)交换媒介:(medium of exchange)计价单位:(unit of account)价值储藏手段:(store of value)流动性:(liquidity)商品货币:(commodity money)法定货币:(fiat money)通货:(currency)活期存款:(demand deposits)联邦储备局:(Federal Reserve)中央银行:(central bank)货币供给:(money supply)货币政策:(monetary policy)准备金:(reserves)部分准备金银行:(fractional-reserve banking)准备金率:(reserve ratio)货币乘数:(money multiplier)银行资本:(bank capital)杠杆:(leverage)杠杆率:(leverage ratio)资本需要量:(capital requirement)公开市场操作:(open-market operations)贴现率:(discount rate)法定准备金:(reserve requirements)补充金融计划:(supplementary financing program)联邦基金利率:(federal funds rate)30.货币增长与通货膨胀铲除通胀:(whip Inflation Now)货币数量论:(quantity theory of money)名义变量:(nominal variables)真实变量:(real variables)古典二分法:(classiacl dichotomy)货币中性:(monetary neutrality)货币流通速度:(velocity of money)数量方程式:(quantity equation)通货膨胀税:(inflation tax)费雪效应:(Fisher effect)皮鞋成本:(shoeleather cost)菜单成本:(menu costs)31.开放经济的宏观经济学封闭经济:(closed economy)开放经济:(open economy)出口:(exports)净出口:(net exports)贸易余额:(trade balance)贸易盈余:(trade surplus)贸易平衡:(balanced trade)贸易赤字:(trade deficit)资本净流出:(net capital outflow)名义汇率:(nominal exchange rate)升值:(appreciation)贬值:(depreciation)真实汇率:(real exchange rate)购买力平价:(purchasing-power parity)32.开放经济的宏观经济理论贸易政策:(trade policy)资本外逃:(capital flight)33.总需求与总供给衰退:(recession)萧条:(depression)总需求与总供给模型:(model of aggregate demand and aggregate supply)总需求曲线:(aggregate-demand curve)总供给曲线:(aggregate-supply curve)自然产出水平:(natural level of output)滞胀:(stagflation)34.货币政策和财政政策对总需求影响流动性偏好理论:(theory of liquidity)财政政策:(fisical policy)乘数效应:(multiplier effect)挤出效应:(crowding-out effect)自动稳定器:(automatic stabilizers)35.通胀与失业之间的短期权衡取舍菲利普斯曲线:(phillips curve)自然率假说:(natural-rate hypothesis)供给冲击:(supply shock)牺牲率:(sacrifice ratio)理性预期:(rational expectations)。
经济金融术语英汉对照
经济金融术语英汉对照经济金融领域常常涉及大量的专业术语，对于学习和理解这些术语，将英文与中文对照是非常重要的。
下面是一些经济金融术语的英汉对照列表，希望对您有所帮助。
1. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) 国内生产总值GDP是一个国家或地区在特定时间内所生产的所有最终商品和服务的市场价值的总和。
2. Inflation 通货膨胀通货膨胀是指货币供应量增加导致物价水平上升的现象。
3. Deflation 通货紧缩通货紧缩是指货币供应量减少导致物价水平下降的现象。
4. Interest Rate 利率利率是指借贷资金所产生的利息与本金之间的比率。
5. Exchange Rate 汇率汇率是指一种货币与另一种货币之间的兑换比率。
6. Stock Market 股票市场股票市场是指买卖股票的场所，也是企业融资的重要途径。
7. Bond 债券债券是一种证券，表示借款人向债权人承诺在一定期限内支付利息和本金。
8. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) 外商直接投资外商直接投资是指一个国家的企业在另一个国家的企业中进行的长期投资。
9. Taxation 税收税收是政府从个人和企业获得财政收入的一种方式。
10. Budget Deficit 预算赤字预算赤字是指政府支出超过收入的情况，需要通过借贷或印钞等方式来弥补。
11. Trade Surplus/Trade Deficit 贸易顺差/贸易逆差贸易顺差指一个国家的出口额大于进口额，贸易逆差则相反。
12. Monetary Policy 货币政策货币政策是由中央银行制定和执行的调控货币供应量和利率水平的政策。
13. Fiscal Policy 财政政策财政政策是由政府制定和执行的调控财政支出和税收的政策。
14. Central Bank 央行央行是一个国家的货币发行和货币政策的实施机构。
15. Market Economy 市场经济市场经济是一种以市场配置资源和决定价格的经济体制。
经济学以及经济法英语专业术语
四个部分：新闻中常见的经济类英语词汇1. 出租车起步价 flag down fare2. 法定准备金率 required reserve ratio3. 实体经济 real economy 虚拟经济 fictitious economy4. 反盗版 anti-piracy 知识产权 intellectual property rights5. 出口退税 tax rebates 人民币升值 the yuan’s appreciation6. 信贷紧缩 credit crunch 次贷危机 subprime mortgage rate 最优惠贷款利率 prime rate7. 翻盖手机 flip/clamshell 滑盖手机 slide phone 直板手机 bar phone8. 经济适用房 economically affordable house9. 安居工程 housing project for low-income urban residents10 .住房保障制度 housing security system11. 大宗交易系统 block trading system 竞价交易系统 bid trading system12. 暴利税 windfall tax13. 整容手术 cosmetic surgery (face –lifting)14. 双眼皮手术 double eyelid operation 鼻子手术 nose job15. 从紧的货币政策 tight monetary policy16. 宽松的货币政策 easy monetary policy17. 审慎的财政政策 prudent fiscal policy18. 油价飙升 oil prices surge19. 原油价飙升 crude oil prices surge20. 石油输出国组织 organization of the petroleum exporting countries(OPEC)21. 原油储备 crude oil stockpiles22. 轻质原油 light sweet crude23. 使人均GDP翻两番 to quadruple per capita GDP24. 股权收购、股权投资 stake purchase ; take stakes25. 世界巡演 worldwide tour 复出巡演 comeback tour26. 个体工商户 self—employed people27. 房屋中介 letting agent 保险经纪人 insurance agent 地产经纪人 estate agent28. 直销 direct selling 传销 pyramid selling29. 漫游费 roaming fee 单向收费 one -way charge 来电免费业务 free incoming calls30. 吃回扣 to take/receive/get kickback31. 洗钱 money laundering32. 透支 overdraft33. 股市牛年 bullish year34. 上市子公司 listed subsidiary35. 海关税收 customs revenue36. 税收减免 tax break37. 二流货的 cut—rate38. 高端产品 high end product39. 货币升值 revaluation40. 跳槽 job—popping41. 大片 blockbuster42. 货币经纪人 money broker43. 起征点 cutoff point44. 暴发户；新贵 upstart45. 养老保险 endowment insurance46. 解雇金 severance pay47. 勾销债款 write off48. 高峰期 peak season49. 职员总数 headcount50. 买入股票 buy into51. 出境游 outbound travel52. 逃税 tax evasion53. 公开募款 initial public offering54. 新闻专线 newswire55. 衰退 downturn56. 由…推出 bow out57. 便携式游戏机 PSP58. 负有责任的 accountable59. 精炼厂，炼油厂 refinery60. 杀手 hit man61. 官方证明书 clearance62. 家禽流行病 epizonntic63. 辞职；下台 step down64. 门户网站 portal65. 小轿车 sedan66. 战略石油储备 strategic petroleum reserve67. 半导体 semiconductor68. 基准点，衡量标准 benchmark69. 出口补贴 export subsidy70. 对…不太重视 play down71. 记账卡，签帐卡 charge card72. 反托拉斯 anti—trust73. 资产负债表 balance sheet74. 最佳位置最佳时期 sweet spot75. 货存，库存量 inventory76. 集体诉讼 class action77. 反倾销 antidumping78. 不足，赤字，差额 shortfall79. 美国联邦储备系统 Federal Reserve80. 资本净值 net worth81. 汇丰银行 HSBC82. 国际货币基金组织 IMF83. 财务欺诈 accounting fraud84. 国际套利资本 hot money法律英语词汇:民商经济法专业词汇Civil Laws, Commercial Laws and Economic Laws按照出资比例：in proportion to one’s respective contributions to the investment 办理注销登记：cancel the registration被代理人：the principal被侵权人 the infringed本人名义：in one’s name标的subject matter补偿制度compensation system不动产登记制 Lot and Block System财产法 property law财产的添附 accretion of property; property accession财产抵押权 property mortgage财产继承权：the right of inheritance财产关系和人身关系：property relationships and personal relationships财产管理人 property administrator; custodian of property财产混同 confusion; hotchpot财产留置权 encumbrance采用书面形式：in writing仓单 warehouse voucher草签合同 initial a contract; sign a referendum contract; ad referendum contract 长期合同 long-term contract偿付能力 solvency capability of reimbursement超越代理权：beyond the scope of one’s power of agency撤消合同cancellation of contract撤销合同 cancel a contract; rescind a contract; avoid a contract撤销权 right of rescission; right of revocation撤销要约 revocation of offer; revoke an offer撤销遗赠 cancellation o will; revocationi of will承运人 actual fault of the carrier承运人的留置权 carrier’s lien诚信原则 principle of good faith诚实信用原则：principle honesty and credibility; principle of honestry and good faith; good faith principle ; bona fide principle船舶承租人 charterer船舶抵押权 right of mortgage with respect to a ship; mortage of the ship; ship mortgage船舶抵押权的设定 establishment of mortgage of the ship船舶抵押的消灭 extinguishments of the mortgage of the ship船舶抵押权登记 registration of ship mortgage船舶留置权 possessory lien; lien of ship村民委员会：the village committee惩罚性的损害赔偿 punitive damages乘人之危：take advantage of one’s unfavorable position处分财产 dispose of properties处分权 act of disposition处分原则 principle of disposition代理民事活动：be represented in civil activities by代理权终止：the expiration of one’s power of agency单独承担的责任 undivided responsibility单方法律行为unilateral obligation单方行政行为 unilateral administrative act等价有偿：making compensation for equal value对等原则 principle of reciprocity对价consideration对抗措施counter measure对人权right in personam; personal right对世权 real right; right in rem恶意串通：conspire maliciously恶意行为ill will mala fides法人 judicial person; legal body法人的权利能力 legal capacity of juristic person法人的责任能力 capacity for responsibility of juristic person 法人权限 corporate power法人人格 corporate personality法人身份 status of a legal person法人团体 corporation法人资格 corporate capacity法人组织章程：the articles of association of the legal person 负共同连带责任 liable jointly and severally负全部责任 bear all responsibilities; in all charge负有解释的义务 accountable负有连带义务的每个债务人：each of the joint debtors附带的条件 incident附带要求 contingent claim附带原因 contributory cause; inherent cause附条件的民事法律行为：conditional civil juristic acts附条件的权利 conditional right赋予权力 entitle个体工商户：individual businesses个人合伙：individual partnership各尽所能，按劳分配 from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs给付定金：leave a deposit with the other party工商行政管理机关：the administrative agency for industry and commerce公民基本义务 fundamental duties of citizens合同contract合同法 contract law合同副本 copies of the contract合同规定 contract provisions/stipulations合同履行地法 lex loci contractus合同期限contract period (or contract term)合同条款contract terms (or contract clause)合同有效期contract life合同正本 originals of the contract合伙人：partners合议制 collegial system核准登记的经营范围：within the range approved and registered恢复原状 recovery of original state; restitution; restoration of he original conditions; retitutio in integrum集体所有制企业：an enterprise under collective ownership技术合同纠纷案件 controversy over a technology contract监护人：guardian经主管机关核准登记：approved and registered by the competent authority居民委员会：the neighborhood committee履行监护职责：fulfill duty of guardianship埋藏物、隐藏物：buried or concealed object买卖、出租、抵押、转让：be sold, leased, mortgaged or transferred农村承包经营户：leaseholding farm households平等主体：civil subjects with equal status企业法人被撤销：the dissolution of an enterprise as legal person企业法人分立、合并：the division and merger of an enterprise as legal person企业法人解散：disbanding of an enterprise as legal person契约自由 liberty of contract取得不当得利：profits acquired improperly and without a lawful basis取得法人资格：be qualified as a legal person全民所有制企业：an enterprise owned by the whole people让与 alien; alienate; assign; cede让与的利益 benefit of cession让与权 benefit of cessioni设定义务的规则 rule of imposing duty设立、变更、终止民事关系：establish, change or terminate civil relationship所有权 ownership书面合同 a written contract双倍返还定金：repay the deposit in double双方法律行为 bilateral legal transaction擅自变更或者解除（民事法律行为）：alter or rescind one’s act arbitrarily他物权 right over the property of another提供一定的财产作为抵押物：offer a specific property as a pledge违反合同breach of contract委托代理：entrusted agency委托代理人：an entrusted agent无过错责任 liability without negligence无民事行为能力人：a person having no capacity for civil conduct无因管理：act as manager or provide services in order to protect another person’s interests when he is not legally or contractually obligated to do so下落不明 one’s whereabouts have been unknown限制民事行为能力人：a person with limited capacity for civil conduct享有连带权利的每个债权人：each of the joint creditors行使代理权：exercise the power of agency宣告为无（限制）民事行为能力人：declare … to be a person to be without or with limited capacity for civil conduct遗失物、漂流物：lost-and-found objects, flotsam以抵押物折价或者以变卖抵押物的价款优先得到偿还：to keep the pledge to offset the debt or have priority in satisfying his claim out of the proceeds from the sale of the pledge以合法形式掩盖非法目的：perform under the guise of legitimate acts which conceal illegitimate purposes以欺诈、胁迫的手段：as a result of cheating or coercion意思表示 show one’s intention意思表示真实：the intention expressed is genuine优先购买的权利：a right of pre-emption优先权 priority, preemptive right有过错的一方：the erring party有连带责任的 conjunctly and severally有权向债务人追偿：have the right to claim repayment from the debto造成财产损失：cause any property loss责任能力 capacity for responsibility责任年龄 capacity of responsibility; year of discretion债的标的 object of obligation债的发生 creation of obligation债的消灭 extinction of obligation占有人有权留置该财产：the possessor shall have a lien on the property指定代理：appointed agency执行合同 carry out a contract, execute/implement/fulfill/perform a contract 主要办事机构：the main administrative office追偿：claim compensation from住所：domicileEconomic LawsPART I Company Law*第一部分公司法*Law of the PRC（People's Republic of China）中华人民共和国公司法rights and interests合法权益2-1 legitimate [lɪ'dʒɪtɪmət] adj. 合法的，合理的；v. 使合法，相当于（legitimize）。
国际经济法专业术语中英文互译
国际经济法专业术语中英文互译1. EXW工厂交货（指定地点）2. FCA:货交承运人（指定地点）3. FAS:船边交货（指定装运港）4. FOB:船上交货（指定装运港）5. CFR:：成本加运费（指定目的港6. CIF:：成本、保险加运费（指定目的港）7. CPT;：运费付至（指定目的地）8. DAF:边境交货（指定地点）9. DES:：目的港船上交货（指定目的港）10. DEQ;目的港码头交货（指定目的港11. DDU:未完税交货（指定目的地）12. DDP:完税交货（指定目的地）13. Offer:：要约14. Offer or;：要约人；报价人；发盘人15. Offeree:受要约人；接盘人，受盘人；被发价人16. Invitation for offer:要约邀请；发盘邀请17. Subject to our final confirmation:需经我方最后确认18. Cross offer:交叉发盘；交叉报价；交错报价；交叉发价19. Withdrawal:要约的撤回20. Revocability:：发价的撤销21. Counter-offer;还价；还盘；反要约22. Acceptance:接受；接纳；承兑；赞同23. Mail box rule:投递生效原则24. Receive of the letter of acceptance rule:到达生效原则25. Late acceptance:：迟到的承诺; 逾期承诺26. Identified to the contract:将货物特定化；将货物划定在该项合同项下（将货物划作履行某一合同的标的）27. Shipping documents;装运单据;货运单据；船运单据28. Sale by description;凭文字说明买卖29. Sale by sample:凭样品买卖30. Fundamental breach of contract根本违约；重大违约31. Anticipatory breach先期违约32. Specific performance实际履行33. Breach of condition违反条件条款34. Breach of warranty违反担保条款35. Unconditionally appropriated to the contract无条件地划拨于合同项下36. Reserve the right of disposal保留对货物的处分权37. To the order of the seller or his agent：以卖方或其代理人的名字为抬头的提单；凭卖方或其代理人指示的提单38. Sale on approval:：试销；试用买卖39. Floating cargo:：在途货物；水运途中的货物40. Quality to be considered as being about equal to the sample符合样品凭规格、等级或标准买卖41. Sales by specification, grade or standard凭规格、等级或标准买卖42. Fair average quality符合通常目的；中等品；良好平均品质（国际上买卖农副产品时常用此标准）43. Sales by brand of trade mark44. More or less clause溢短装条款；或多或少条款45. Bulk cargo：散装货46. Nude cargo裸散货,裸装货，裸包装47. Gross for net：以毛重作净重,以毛作净48. US $500 Per M/T CIF New York每吨500美元,CIF(到岸价)纽约49. Fixed price定价；标价；固定价格50. Sliding-scale按滑动费率支付专利权税51. Time of shipment装运时间，装船时间52. Time of delivery交货时间，交付时间53. Advice of shipment：装运通知，装船通知54. Insurance to be effected by the buyer保险由买方办理55. Inspection and claim clause检查与索赔条款56. Upon arrival of port of destination到达目的港后57. After discharge of the goods at the port of destination到达目的港卸货后58. Inspection certificate of quality质量检验证书；品质检验证书59. Inspection certificate of weight：重量检验证书60. Sanitary inspection certificate卫生检验证书61. Veterinary inspection certificate兽医检验证书；动物检疫证书62. Plant quarantine certification植物( 病虫害)检疫证明63. Force majeure clause不可抗力条款64. Arbitration仲裁,公断65. Bill of lading提单66. Charter-party：租船合同67. Gencon航次租船合同68. Baltime巴尔的摩定期租船合同69. Prima facie evidence：初步证据70. Conclusive evidence绝对证据；最后证据；决定性证据71. Shipped or on board bill of lading已装船提单72. Received for shipment B/L备运提单；收货待运提单73. Clean B/L清洁提单74. Claused B/L, or Foul B/L不清洁提单75. Letter of Indemnity保函；保证书76. Open B/L, Bearer B/L不记名提单；77. Oder b/L指示提单78. Direct B/L：直达提单79. Ocean through B/L：海上联运提单80. Liner B/L：班轮提单81. Charter B/L：租船提单82. Negotiable quality：流通性；可转让性83. Assignor：转让人；出让人84. Assignee：受让人；代理人；受托人85. Endorsement in blank ：空白背书；不记名背书86. Special endorsement：记名背书87. Due diligence：特别背书应有的谨慎；应有的注意88. Seaworthiness 船舶适航89. Cargoworthiness 适货90. Latent defect 潜在缺陷91. From tackle to tackle 钩到钩92. Deviation 绕行93. Voyage Charter 航次租船94. Time charter 定期租船合同95. Charter by demise 光船租船96. Laytime 装卸时间97. Demurrage 滞期费98. Dispatch money 速遣费99. Lien 留置权100. Trading limits 航区限制101. Chartered period 特许期限102. Employment and indemnity雇用及赔偿（条款）103. Payment of hire 租金104. Off hire 停租105. Air consignment 航空托运106. Air waybill 航空货运单107. Successive carriers 连续承运人108. Actrual carrier 实际承运人109. International multimodal transport 国际多式联运110. Container 集装箱111. Uniform liability principle统一赔偿责任原则112. Network liability principle网状责任制113. Insurable interest 保险利益114. Disclosure of material facts 重要事实披露115. Material representation116. insurance policy 保险单117. Accidents 意外事故118. Total loss 全损119. Partial loss 部分损失120. General average 共同海损121. Particular average 单独海损122. Actual total loss 实际全损123. Constructive total loss 推定全损124. Sue and labor expenses 施救费用125. Salvage charge 救助费用126. Free from particular average (FPA) 平安险127. With particular average (WPA) 水渍险128. All risks 一切险129. Subrogation 代位130. Abandonment 委付131. Export credits guarantee 出口信贷担保132. Negotiable instruments可转让票据133. Predecessor 前手134. Promissory note 本票135. Draft 汇票136. Drawer 出票人137. Drawee 付款人138. Payee 收款人139. Issue 出票140. Sight bill 即期汇票141. After sight 见票后付款142. Without recourse 无追索权143. Presentment 出示144. Acceptance of draft 承兑汇票145. Dishonour 拒付146. Protest拒绝证书147. Notary public 公证人148. Collection 托收149. Principal 委托方150. Remitting bank 托收行151. Collecting bank 代收行152. Remittance letter 汇款书153. Document against payment (D/P) 付款交单154. Document against payment sight 即期付款交单155. Document against payment after sight远期付款交单156. Documents against acceptance (D/A) 承兑交单。
经济学专业术语(中英文对照)
经济学专业术语（中英文对照）目录1. 经济学原理 (2)2. 像经济学家一样思考 (2)3. 相互依存性与贸易的好处 (3)4. 供给与需求的市场力量 (3)5. 弹性及其应用 (4)6. 供给需求与政策 (4)7. 消费者、生产者与市场效率 (4)8. 赋税的应用 (4)9. 国际贸易 (5)10. 外部性 (5)11. 公共物品和公共资源 (5)12. 税制设计 (5)13. 生产成本 (6)14. 竞争市场上的企业 (7)15. 垄断 (7)16. 垄断竞争 (7)17. 寡头 (7)18. 生产要素市场 (8)19. 收入与歧视 (8)20. 收入不平等与贫困 (8)21. 消费者选择理论 (9)22. 微观经济学前沿 (9)23. 一国收入的衡量 (10)24. 生活费用的衡量 (10)25. 生产与增长 (10)26. 储蓄、投资和金融体系 (11)27. 金融学的基本工具 (11)28. 失业 (12)29. 货币制度 (12)30. 货币增长与通货膨胀 (13)31. 开放经济的宏观经济学 (14)32. 开放经济的宏观经济理论 (14)33. 总需求与总供给 (14)34. 货币政策和财政政策对总需求影响 (15)35. 通胀与失业之间的短期权衡取舍 (15)1.经济学原理经济:(economy)稀缺性:(scarcity)经济学:(economics)效率:(efficiency)平等:(equality)机会成本:(opporyunity cost)理性人:(rational people)边际变动:(marginal change)边际收益:(marginal benefit)边际成本:(marginal cost)激励:(incentive)市场经济:(market economy)产权:(property rights)市场失灵:(market failure)外部性:(externality)市场势力:(market power)生产率:(productivity)通货膨胀:(inflation)经济周期:(business cycle)2.像经济学家一样思考循环流量图:(circular-flow diagram)生产可能性边界:(production possibilities)微观经济学:(microeconomics)宏观经济学:(macroeconomics)实证表述:(positive statements)规范表述:(normative statements)有序数对:(ordered pair)3.相互依存性与贸易的好处绝对优势:(absolute advantage)机会成本:(apportunity cost)比较优势:(comparative advantage)进口品:(imports)出口品:(exports)4.供给与需求的市场力量市场:(market)竞争市场:(competitive market)需求量:(quantity demand)需求定理:(law of demand)需求表:(demand schedule)需求曲线:(demand curve)正常物品:(normal good)低档物品:(inferior good)替代品:(substitutes)互补品:(complements)供给量:(quantity supplied)供给定理:(law of supply)供给表:(supply schedule)供给曲线:(supply curve)均衡:(equilibrium)均衡价格:(equilibrium price)均衡数量:(equilibrium quantity)过剩:(surplus)短缺:(shortage)供求定理:(law of supply and demand)5.弹性及其应用弹性:(elasticity)需求价格弹性:(price elasticity of demand)总收益:(total revenue)需求收入弹性:(income elasticity)需求的交叉价格弹性:(cross-price elasticity)供给价格弹性:(price elasticity of supply)6.供给需求与政策价格上限:(price ceiling)价格下限:(price floor)税收归宿:(tax incidence)7.消费者、生产者与市场效率福利经济学:(welfare economics)支付意愿:(willingness to pay)消费者剩余:(consumer surplus)成本:(cost)生产者剩余:(producer surplus)效率:(efficiency)平等:(equality)8.赋税的应用无谓损失:(deadweight loss)9.国际贸易世界价格:(world price)关税:(tariff)10.外部性外部性:(externality)外部性内在化:(internalizing the externality)矫正税:(corrective taxes)科斯定理:(coase theorem)交易成本:(transaction cost)11.公共物品和公共资源排他性:(excludability)消费中的竞争性:(rivalry in consumption)私人物品:(private goods)公共物品:(public goods)公共资源:(common resources)俱乐部物品:(club goods)搭便车者:(free rider)成本-收益分析:(cost-benefit analysis)公地悲剧:(tragedy of commons)12.税制设计纳税义务:(tax lianility)预算赤字:(budget defict)预算盈余:(budget surplus)平均税率:(average tax rate)边际税率:(marginal tax rate)定额税:(lump-sum tax)受益原则:(benefits principle)支付能力原则:(ability-to-pay principle)纵向平等:(vertical equity)横向平等:(horizontal equity)比例税:(proportional tax)累退税:(regressive tax)累进税:(progressive tax)13.生产成本总收益:(total revenue)总成本:(total cost)利润:(profit)显性成本:(explicit costs)隐性成本:(implicit costs)经济利润:(economic profit)会计利润:(counting profit)生产函数:(production function)边际产量:(marginal product)边际产量递减:(diminishing marginal product)固定成本:(fixed costs)可变成本:(variable costs)平均总成本:(average total cost)平均固定成本:(average fixed costs)平均可变成本:(average variable costs)边际成本:(marginal cost)有效规模:(efficient scale)规模经济:(economies of scale)规模不经济:(diseconomies of scale)规模收益不变:(constant returns to scale) 14.竞争市场上的企业竞争市场:(competitive market)平均收益:(average revenue)边际收益:(marginal revenue)沉没成本:(sunk revenue)15.垄断垄断企业:(monopoly)自然垄断:(natural monopoly)价格歧视:(price discrimination)16.垄断竞争寡头:(oligopoly)垄断竞争:(monopolistic competition) 17.寡头博弈论:(game theory)勾结:(collusion)卡特尔:(cartel)纳什均衡:(Nash equilibrium)囚徒困境:(prisoners’ dilemma)占优策略:(dominant strategy)18.生产要素市场生产要素:(factors of production)生产函数:(production function)劳动的边际产量:(marginal product of labor)边际产量递减:(diminishing marginal product)边际产量值:(value of the marginal product)资本:(capital)19.收入与歧视补偿性工资差别:(compensating differential)人力资本:(human capital)工会:(union)罢工:(strike)效率工资:(efficiency)歧视:(discrimination)20.收入不平等与贫困贫困率:(poverty rate)贫困率:(poverty line)实物转移支付:(in-kind transfers)生命周期:(life cycle)持久收入:(permanent income)功利主义:(utilitariansm)效用:(utilitariansm)自由主义:(liberalism)最大最小准则:(maximin criterion)负所得税:(negative income tax)福利:(welfare)社会保险:(social insurance)自由至上主义:(libertarianism)21.消费者选择理论预算约束线:(budget constraint)无差异曲线:(indiffernnce curve)边际替代率:(marginal rate of subtitution)完全替代品:(perfect substitudes)完全互补品:(perfect complements)正常物品:(normal good)低档物品:(inferior good)收入效应:(income effect)替代效应:(substitution effect)吉芬物品:(Giffen good)22.微观经济学前沿道德风险:(moral hazard)代理人:(agent)委托人:(principal)逆向选择:(adverse selection)发信号:(signaling)筛选:(screening)政治经济学:(political economy)康多塞悖论:(condorcet paradox)阿罗不可能性定理:(Arrow’s impossibility)中值选民定理:(median vater theorem)行为经济学:(behavioral economics)23.一国收入的衡量微观经济学:(microeconomics)宏观经济学:(macroeconomics)国内生产总值:(gross domestic product,GDP)消费:(consumption)投资:(investment)政府购买:(government purchase)净出口:(net export)名义GDP:(nominal GDP)真实GDP:(real GDP)GDP平减指数:(GDP deflator)24.生活费用的衡量消费物价指数:(consumer price index,CPI)通货膨胀率:(inflation rate)生产物价指数:(produer price index,PPI)指数化:(indexation)生活费用津贴:(cost-of-living allowance,COLA)名义利率:(nominal interest rate)25.生产与增长生产率:(productivity)物质资本:(physical capital)人力资本:(human capital)自然资源:(natural resources)技术知识:(technological knoeledge)收益递减:(diminishing returns)追赶效应:(catch-up effect)26.储蓄、投资和金融体系金融体系:(financial system)金融市场:(financial markets)债券:(bond)股票:(stock)金融中介机构:(financial intermediaries)共同基金:(mutual fund)国民储蓄:(national saving)私人储蓄:(private saving)公共储蓄:(public saving)预算盈余:(budget surplus)预算赤字:(budget deficit)可贷资金市场:(market for loanable funds)挤出:(crowding out)27.金融学的基本工具金融学:(finance)现值:(present value)终值:(future value)复利:(compounding)风险厌恶:(risk aversion)多元化:(diversification)企业特有风险:(firm-specific risk)市场风险:(market risk)基本面风险:(fundamental analysis)有效市场假说:(efficient markets by pothesis)信息有效:(informational efficiency)随机游走:(random walk)28.失业劳动力:(laborforce)失业率:(unemployment rate)劳动力参与率:(labor-force participation rate)自然失业率:(natural rate of unemployment)周期性失业:(cyclical unemployment)失去信心的工人:(discouraged workers)摩擦性失业:(frictional unemployment)结构性失业:(structural unemployment)寻找工作:(job search)失业保险:(unemployment insurance)工会:(union)集体谈判:(collective bargaining)罢工:(strike)效率工资:(essiciency wages)29.货币制度货币:(money)交换媒介:(medium of exchange)计价单位:(unit of account)价值储藏手段:(store of value)流动性:(liquidity)商品货币:(commodity money)法定货币:(fiat money)通货:(currency)活期存款:(demand deposits)联邦储备局:(Federal Reserve)中央银行:(central bank)货币供给:(money supply)货币政策:(monetary policy)准备金:(reserves)部分准备金银行:(fractional-reserve banking)准备金率:(reserve ratio)货币乘数:(money multiplier)银行资本:(bank capital)杠杆:(leverage)杠杆率:(leverage ratio)资本需要量:(capital requirement)公开市场操作:(open-market operations)贴现率:(discount rate)法定准备金:(reserve requirements)补充金融计划:(supplementary financing program)联邦基金利率:(federal funds rate)30.货币增长与通货膨胀铲除通胀:(whip Inflation Now)货币数量论:(quantity theory of money)名义变量:(nominal variables)真实变量:(real variables)古典二分法:(classiacl dichotomy)货币中性:(monetary neutrality)货币流通速度:(velocity of money)数量方程式:(quantity equation)通货膨胀税:(inflation tax)费雪效应:(Fisher effect)皮鞋成本:(shoeleather cost)菜单成本:(menu costs)31.开放经济的宏观经济学封闭经济:(closed economy)开放经济:(open economy)出口:(exports)净出口:(net exports)贸易余额:(trade balance)贸易盈余:(trade surplus)贸易平衡:(balanced trade)贸易赤字:(trade deficit)资本净流出:(net capital outflow)名义汇率:(nominal exchange rate)升值:(appreciation)贬值:(depreciation)真实汇率:(real exchange rate)购买力平价:(purchasing-power parity)32.开放经济的宏观经济理论贸易政策:(trade policy)资本外逃:(capital flight)33.总需求与总供给衰退:(recession)萧条:(depression)总需求与总供给模型:(model of aggregate demand and aggregate supply)总需求曲线:(aggregate-demand curve)总供给曲线:(aggregate-supply curve)自然产出水平:(natural level of output)滞胀:(stagflation)34.货币政策和财政政策对总需求影响流动性偏好理论:(theory of liquidity)财政政策:(fisical policy)乘数效应:(multiplier effect)挤出效应:(crowding-out effect)自动稳定器:(automatic stabilizers)35.通胀与失业之间的短期权衡取舍菲利普斯曲线:(phillips curve)自然率假说:(natural-rate hypothesis)供给冲击:(supply shock)牺牲率:(sacrifice ratio)理性预期:(rational expectations)。
经济学专业术语
经济学专业术语比较静态分析comparative static analysis比较优势comparative advantage边际报酬递减规律the law of diminishing marginal return边际产量marginal product ,MP边际成本marginal cost, MC边际技术替代率marginal rate of technical substitution, MRTS边际进口倾向marginal propensity toimport博弈论game theory补偿性工资差别compensating differential补偿性交易compensatory transaction财富 estate财政赤字fiscal deficit菜单成本menu costs参与约束participation constraint成本函数cost function成本推进通货膨胀cost-push inflation道德风险moral hazard动态效率dynamic efficiency对外均衡external equilibrium对外直接投资foreign direct investment, FDI 二级价格歧视second-degree pricediscrimination浮动汇率制floating exchange rate system 福利经济学welfare economics福利三角形welfare triangle负外部性negative externalityGDP平减指数GDP deflator刚性rigidity工人错觉理论worker misperception theory 公开市场业务open market operation供给定律 law of supply购买力评价理论 theory of purchasing- power parity固定汇率制 fixed exchange rate system关税 tariff官方帖现率 official discount rate规模经济 economies of scale国际收支平衡 balance of international payment国内均衡 internal epuilibrium国内生产总值 gross domestic product, GDP 宏观经济学 macroeconomics微观经济学 microeconomics汇率效应 exchange rate effect汇率制度 exchange rate regime货币乘数 money multiplier货币数量论 money quantity theory货币政策 money policy货币中性 money neutrality机会成本 opportunity cost基尼系数 Gini coefficient价格刚性 price rigidity价格加成 markup价格黏性 price sticky金本位制 gold standard金融深化 financial deepening金融抑制 financial repression金融资产市场 financial asset market 进入壁垒 barriers to entry经济波动 economic fluctuant经济模型 economic model经济体制 economic system经济指标 economic index经济周期 business cycle（商业周期）净现值标准 the net present valuecriterion ？？绝对购买力平价 absolute version of PPP卡特儿 cartel ？什么意思？凯恩斯效应 Keynes effect科斯定理 Coase theorem李嘉图等价原理 Ricardo's equivalencetheorem贸易逆差 trade deficit贸易顺差 trade surplus ？？？帕累托改进 Pareto improvement贫困率 poverty rate囚徒困境 prisoner's dilemma人力资本 human capital三级价格歧视 third-degree pricediscrimination生产函数 production function生产可能性边界production possibilities frontier, PPF衰退 recession水平差异 horizontal differentiation贴现 discount贴现贷款 discount loan通货紧缩缺口 deflation gap通货膨胀率 inflation rate外贸乘数 multiplier of foreign trade无差异曲线 indifference curve无谓损失 deadweight loss消费物价指数 consumer's price index, CPI 消费者最优选择 consumer optimum choices 效用函数 utility function信贷规模 credit scale信号传递 signaling信号甄别 screening ？？？信息不对称 asymmetric information信息不完全 incomplete information需求定律 law of demand需求价格弹性 price elasticity of demand 引致需求 derived demand预算集 budget set隐性成本implocot cost预算约束线 budget constraint line占优战略 dominant strategy政府储蓄 government saving政府购买 government purchase政府债券 bond 指数化 indexation中央银行 central bank转移支付 transfer payments资本-劳动比 capital-labor ratio资本和金融项目 capital and financeaccount资产组合理论 portfolio theory资源禀赋 resource abundance自然垄断 natural monopoly自然率产量 natural rate of output自然失业 natural unemployment总固定成本 total fixed cost, TFC总可变成本 total variable cost, TVC总效用 total utility, TU总需求曲线 aggregate demand curve, AD 最适度人口规模 optimal population scale 最优化分析 optimum analysis最优货币区 optimal currency area最终产品 final product最终目标 finally targmethodologicalmonism（一元论方法论）认为自然的和社会的科学二者只存在一种共同的方法论。
常用的经济术语的英文缩写及简要解释
常用的经济术语的英文缩写及简要解释经济学术语解释1、什么是CPI、通货膨胀、PPI和GNP缩减指数？消费者物价指数(Consumer Price Index)，英文缩写为CPI，是反映与居民生活有关的产品及劳务价格统计出来的物价变动指标，通常作为观察通货膨胀水平的重要指标。
如果消费者物价指数升幅过大，表明通胀已经成为经济不稳定因素，央行会有紧缩货币政策和财政政策的风险，从而造成经济前景不明朗。
因此，该指数过高的升幅往往不被市场欢迎。
例如，在过去12个月，消费者物价指数上升2。
3%，那表示，生活成本比12个月前平均上升2。
3%。
当生活成本提高，你的金钱价值便随之下降。
也就是说，一年前收到的一张100元纸币，今日只可以买到价值97。
70元的货品及服务。
一般说来当CPI>3%的增幅时我们称为Inflation，就是通货膨胀；而当CPI>5%的增幅时，我们把他称为Serious Inflation，就是严重的通货膨胀。
主要价格指数有三个：消费者价格指数CPI(Consumer’s Price Index)，生产者价格指数PPI(Producer’s Price Index)，GNP缩减指数(GNP Deflator)。
三种价格指数的计算方法基本一样，即各种商品的价格变化程度的加权平均。
不过，每一种价格指数计算中选择的商品篮子不一样。
计算消费者价格指数时，商品篮子中包含的典型市民的消费篮子。
所以，消费者价格指数也被称为生活成本指数。
生产者价格指数计算时，选取的商品篮子中包含的是生产资源。
GNP缩减指数则是一个更具综合性的指数，其计算中选取的商品篮子既包含消费品，也包含生产资源。
可以这样说，CPI是一个同步经济指标，PPI是一个先行经济指标。
一般来说生产者价格指数领先于经济3个月到半年，消费者滞后于经济3个月到半年。
CPI 可以显示目前经济状况，而PPI可以显示未来经济状况。
PPI计算的是厂商出售的价格，而CPI计算的是消费者购买的价格。
(完整版)经济学专业英语术语
经济学专业英语术语the nature of the firmPrice mechanism 价格机制Transaction costs 交易成本Entrepreneur 企业家Exchange transaction 交换交易Sales tax 销售税monopoly gain 垄断收益factors of production 生产要素diminishing returns of management 管理收益递减market transaction 市场交易marketing cost 营销成本spatial distribution 空间分布combination 合并(when transactions which were previous organized by two or more entrepreneurs become organized by one)integration 一体化(when it involves the organization of transactions which were previously carried out between the entrepreneurs on a market)(p.45) (a firm canexpand in either or both of these two ways.)specialized exchange economy 专业化交换经济the division of labour 劳动分工specialization 专业化uncertainty 不确定性collusion 勾结forecasting 预测，预期relative price 相对价格economic system 经济体制，经济制度perfect competition 完全竞争imperfect competition 不完全竞争marginal cost 边际成本dynamic factors 动态因素a theory of moving equilibrium 移动均衡理论，动态均衡理论marginal product of entrepreneur 企业家的边际产品The Role of Monetary Policymonetary policy 货币政策The Great Contraction 大收缩liquidity preference 流动偏好depression 萧条fiscal policy 财政政策rigidity of wages 工资刚性deflation policy 通货紧缩政策monetary authority 货币当局Federal Reserve System 联邦储备系统aggregate demand 总需求fine tuning 微调prompt adjustment 即刻调整government bonds 政府债券pioneering capital 创业资本full employment 充分就业money market 货币市场speculation 投机interest rate 利息率unemployment 失业financial community 金融集团the quantity of money 货币数量liquidity preferences schedule 流动性偏好图demand for loans 贷款需求cyclical adjustment process 周期性调节过程price expectation effect 价格预期效应nominal interest rate 名义利率real interest rate 实际利率natural interest rate 自然利率Fisher effect 费雪效应capital formation 资本形成natural rate of unemployment 自然失业率Walrasian system of general equilibrium equations 瓦尔拉一般均衡公式体系anticipations 预期job vacancies 工作空职real magnitude 实际量值monetary expansion 货币扩张the creation of money 货币创造Gold standard 金本位制surplus or deficits 顺差或逆差tariffs and quotas 关税或限额stagnation 停滞federal budget 联邦预算monetary stability 货币稳定exchange rate 汇率floating exchange rates 浮动汇率monetary total 货币总量monopoly 垄断inflationary gap 通胀缺口aggregate demand 总需求Phillips curve 菲利普斯曲线money illusion 货币幻觉disequilibrium 非均衡voluntary unemployment 自愿失业stickiness of money wages 货币工资粘性bargain 议价decentralized economy 非集中的经济labor supply functions 劳动供给函数involuntary unemployment 非自愿失业Neoclassical equilibrium 新古典均衡comparative statics 比较静态scale of exogenous monetary variables 外生货币变量比例static equilibrium 静态均衡irrationality 非理性Phillips doctrine 菲利普斯学说Natural rate doctrine 自然率学说transitional effect 转移效应marginal productivity 边际生产率full information 完全信息，充分信息mechanics of adjustment 调节机制stochastic variables 随机变量cost of mobility 流动成本frictional unemployment 摩擦性失业the mean duration of unemployment 平均失业时间长度inflation illusion 通胀幻觉Over-estimation of real wages 实际工资的高估substitution effect 替代效应income effect 收入效应under-estimation of price inflation 价格通胀的低估capital stocks 资本存量congestion theory 阻塞理论external effect 外部效应deadweight loss 绝对亏损，沉重损失suboptimal 次优stochastic macro-equilibrium 随机宏观均衡heterogeneous markets 异质的市场monotonic function 单调函数asymmetry 不对称relative wages 相对工资monopoly 垄断oligopoly 寡占mark-ups 标高（价格）administered price 规定价格econometric evidence 经济计量证明currency 通货demand deposits 活期存款financial assets 金融资产reparations 赔款hyper-inflation 过度通货膨胀anti-inflation 反通胀purchasing power 购买力pension funds 年金基金Pigou Effect 庇古效应human capital 人力资本social utility 社会效用government regulations 政府管制，政府规制，政府调节government intervention 政府干预government management 政府管理welfare macroeconomics 福利宏观经济学other readingsEconomics 经济学current income 现期收入Future income 远期收入econometrics 经济计量学positive economics 实证经济学normative economics 规范经济学net gains 净利economic rationality 经济理性institutionalist school 制度学派neoclassical school 新古典学派maximum profit 最大化利润decision maker 决策人revenue 岁收comparative statics 比较静态partial equilibrium 局部均衡general equilibrium 一般均衡heterogeneous 异质technological progress 技术进步scarce 稀缺barter 易货，物物交换medium of exchange 交换媒介economic system 经济体制Probabilistic laws 概率律substitutes 替代品Resource allocation 资源配置competition 竞争delivery time 交货时间decision making 决策distribution 分配equilibrium price 均衡价格equilibrium quantity 均衡产量Factor input 生产要素，投入要素shortage 短缺radical economists 激进经济学家dynamics 动态学anti-trust law 反托拉斯法marginal analysis 边际分析functional relationship 函数关系merger 兼并acquisition 并购horizontal merger 横向兼并vertical merger 纵向兼并conglomerate merger 混合兼并New York Exchange 纽约证券交易所economic growth 经济增长Security 证券population 人口Intermediary 中介，中介人，中介机构per capita 人均Broker 中人，中介人fluctuation 波动Homogeneous 同质。
经济学专业英语术语表
经济学专业英语术语表专业简介: 经济学主要研究经济学、金融学、投资学、精算学等方面的基本知识和技能，在银行、证券、信托等金融机构进行经济分析、预测、规划、管理以及各类金融服务。
例如：债券、基金的投资前景分析，股票、投资的风险评估，汽车、房子的抵押贷款，企业破产时的资产清算等。
开设课程: 经济学主要课程：政治经济学、《资本论》、西方经济学、统计学、国际经济学、货币银行学、财政学、经济学说史、发展经济学、企业管理、市场营销、国际金融、国际贸易等1. 政治经济学 (Political Economy)术语术语术语术语术语生产力 (Productivity)生产关系 (ProductionRelations)经济制度 (EconomicSystem)社会主义市场经济(Socialist MarketEconomy)资本主义市场经济(Capitalist MarketEconomy)劳动价值论 (Labor Theory of Value)剩余价值 (SurplusValue)利润率 (Profit Rate)资本积累 (CapitalAccumulation)资本有机构成 (OrganicComposition of Capital)经济危机 (EconomicCrisis)货币 (Money)信用 (Credit)利息 (Interest)货币政策 (MonetaryPolicy)财政 (Fiscal)税收 (Taxation)政府支出 (GovernmentExpenditure)财政政策 (Fiscal Policy)公共债务 (Public Debt)国民收入 (NationalIncome)国内生产总值 (GrossDomestic Product,GDP)国民生产总值 (GrossNational Product, GNP)经济增长率 (EconomicGrowth Rate)经济发展水平 (EconomicDevelopment Level)2. 《资本论》(Capital)术语术语术语术语术语商品 (Commodity)使用价值 (Use Value)交换价值 (ExchangeValue)商品拜物教(CommodityFetishism)商品流通形式 (Forms ofCommodity Circulation)简单商品流通 (Simple Commodity Circulation)货币商品流通 (MoneyCommodityCirculation)货币转化为资本(Money Transformedinto Capital)资本循环过程(Circuit of Capital)资本周转时间 (TurnoverTime of Capital)不变资本 (ConstantCapital)变动资本 (VariableCapital)剩余价值率 (Rate ofSurplus Value)剥削率 (Rate ofExploitation)绝对剩余价值生产方式(Absolute Surplus ValueProduction Method)相对剩余价值生产方式(Relative Surplus Value Production Method)简单再生产(SimpleReproduction)扩大再生产(ExpandedReproduction)生产部门(Department ofProduction)消费部门(Department ofConsumption)资本主义生产方式(Capitalist Mode of Production)资本主义生产关系(Capitalist ProductionRelations)资本主义经济规律(Capitalist EconomicLaws)资本主义经济危机(Capitalist EconomicCrisis)资本主义的历史趋势(Historical Trend ofCapitalism)3. 西方经济学 (Western Economics)术语术语术语术语术语微观经济学(Microeconomics)宏观经济学(Macroeconomics)经济学方法论(EconomicMethodology)经济学思想史 (Historyof Economic Thought)经济学流派 (Schools ofEconomics)边际分析 (MarginalAnalysis)需求 (Demand)供给 (Supply)市场均衡 (MarketEquilibrium)弹性 (Elasticity)消费者行为(Consumer Behavior)效用 (Utility)预算约束 (BudgetConstraint)消费者选择(Consumer Choice)消费者剩余 (ConsumerSurplus)生产者行为 (ProducerBehavior)生产函数 (ProductionFunction)成本函数 (CostFunction)收益函数 (RevenueFunction)利润最大化 (ProfitMaximization)市场结构 (Market Structure)完全竞争市场 (PerfectCompetition Market)垄断市场 (MonopolyMarket)寡头垄断市场(Oligopoly Market)竞争性垄断市场(Monopolistic CompetitionMarket)4. 统计学 (Statistics)术语术语术语术语术语统计数据 (Statistical Data)数据来源 (DataSources)数据类型 (DataTypes)数据收集方法(DataCollection Methods)数据整理方法(DataProcessing Methods)频数分布表(Frequency Distribution Table)直方图(Histogram)频率多边形(Frequency Polygon)分位数(Quantile)箱线图(Boxplot)中心趋势度量(Measures of Central Tendency)平均数(Mean)中位数(Median)众数(Mode)几何平均数(GeometricMean)离散趋势度量(Measures ofDispersion)极差(Range)方差(Variance)标准差(StandardDeviation)变异系数(Coefficient ofVariation)相关分析(CorrelationAnalysis)散点图(ScatterPlot)相关系数(CorrelationCoefficient)回归分析(RegressionAnalysis)回归方程(RegressionEquation)5. 国际经济学(International Economics)术语术语术语术语术语国际贸易(InternationalTrade)国际收支(Balance ofPayments)汇率(Exchange Rate)国际金融(InternationalFinance)国际货币体系(International MonetarySystem)比较优势(Comparative Advantage)贸易政策(TradePolicy)关税(Tariff)非关税壁垒(Non-TariffBarrier)自由贸易区(Free TradeArea)关税同盟(CustomsUnion)共同市场(CommonMarket)经济一体化(EconomicIntegration)区域贸易协定(RegionalTrade Agreement)世界贸易组织(WorldTrade Organization)汇率制度(Exchange Rate Regime)固定汇率(FixedExchange Rate)浮动汇率(FloatingExchange Rate)管理浮动汇率(ManagedFloating Exchange Rate)汇率决定理论(ExchangeRate DeterminationTheory)汇率风险(Exchange Rate Risk)避险(Hedging)套利(Arbitrage)规模经济(Economies ofScale)产品差异化(ProductDifferentiation)贸易多样化(Trade Diversification)贸易创造(TradeCreation)贸易转移(TradeDiversion)贸易保护主义(TradeProtectionism)贸易自由化(TradeLiberalization)国际金融市场(International FinancialMarket)国际债券市场(International BondMarket)国际股票市场(International StockMarket)国际外汇市场(International ForeignExchange Market)国际金融危机(International FinancialCrisis)金本位制(Gold Standard System)布雷顿森林体系(Bretton WoodsSystem)特别提款权(SpecialDrawing Rights,SDRs)欧洲货币体系(EuropeanMonetary System, EMS)欧元(Euro)6. 货币银行学 (Money and Banking)货币的本质(Nature ofMoney)货币的功能(Functionof Money)货币的种类(Types ofMoney)货币供给(MoneySupply)货币需求(Money Demand)货币创造(Money Creation)存款准备金率(ReserveRequirement Ratio)存款货币乘数(DepositMoney Multiplier)银行的资产负债表(Bank's Balance Sheet)银行的盈亏表(Bank'sIncome Statement)银行的风险管理(Risk Management of Bank)银行的监管(Regulation of Bank)银行的稳健性(Soundnessof Bank)银行的效率(Efficiencyof Bank)银行的竞争力(Competitiveness of Bank)中央银行(CentralBank)中央银行的职能(Function of CentralBank)中央银行的独立性(Independence of CentralBank)中央银行的货币政策(Monetary Policy ofCentral Bank)中央银行的政策工具(PolicyTools of Central Bank)存款利率(Deposit Interest Rate)贷款利率(LoanInterest Rate)基准利率(BenchmarkInterest Rate)政策利率(PolicyInterest Rate)市场利率(Market InterestRate)7. 财政学 (Public Finance)术语术语术语术语术语公共部门(PublicSector)公共财政(Public Finance)公共财政的功能(Function of PublicFinance)公共财政的目标(Objective of PublicFinance)公共财政的原则(Principleof Public Finance)公共支出(Public Expenditure)公共支出的结构(Structure of PublicExpenditure)公共支出的效果(Effect ofPublic Expenditure)公共支出的决策(Decisionof Public Expenditure)公共支出的评价(Evaluation of PublicExpenditure)公共收入(Public Revenue)税收(Tax)税收的分类(Classification of Tax)税收的效果(Effect of Tax)税收的原则(Principle ofTax)税制(Tax System)税率(Tax Rate)税基(Tax Base)税负(Tax Burden)税收弹性(Tax Elasticity)财政赤字(FiscalDeficit)财政平衡(Fiscal Balance)财政盈余(Fiscal Surplus)财政政策(Fiscal Policy)财政乘数(FiscalMultiplier)8. 经济学说史 (History of Economic Thought)术语术语术语术语术语经济思想(EconomicThought)经济思想家(EconomicThinker)经济思潮(EconomicTrend)经济范式(EconomicParadigm)经济方法论(EconomicMethodology)古典经济学(Classical Economics)亚当·斯密(Adam Smith)大卫·李嘉图(DavidRicardo)托马斯·罗伯特·马尔萨斯(Thomas Robert Malthus)约翰·斯图亚特·穆勒(John Stuart Mill)新古典经济学(Neoclassical Economics)威廉·斯坦利·杰文斯(William StanleyJevons)卡尔·门格尔(CarlMenger)列昂·瓦尔拉斯(LeonWalras)阿尔弗雷德·马歇尔(Alfred Marshall)凯恩斯主义(Keynesianism)约翰·梅纳德·凯恩斯(John Maynard Keynes)总需求(TotalDemand)总供给(Total Supply)有效需求(EffectiveDemand)马克思主义(Marxism)卡尔·马克思(Karl Marx)弗里德里希·恩格斯(Friedrich Engels)剩余价值(Surplus Value)剩余价值理论(Theory ofSurplus Value)9. 发展经济学 (Development Economics)术语术语术语术语术语发展(Development)经济发展(EconomicDevelopment)社会发展(SocialDevelopment)人类发展(HumanDevelopment)可持续发展(SustainableDevelopment)发展中国家(Developing Countries)发达国家(DevelopedCountries)最不发达国家(LeastDeveloped Countries)新兴市场国家(Emerging MarketCountries)发展中欧洲和中亚国家(Europeand Central Asia DevelopingCountries)发展指标(Development Indicator)经济增长率(EconomicGrowth Rate)人均国民收入(PerCapita NationalIncome)贫困率(Poverty Rate)不平等系数(InequalityCoefficient)发展理论(Development Theory)进化论(Evolutionism)扩散论(Diffusionism)追赶论(Catch-upTheory)结构主义(Structuralism)发展战略(Development Strategy)进口替代战略(ImportSubstitution Strategy)出口导向战略(Export-oriented Strategy)自力更生战略(Self-reliance Strategy)开放型战略(Open Strategy)10. 企业管理 (Business Management)术语术语术语术语术语企业(Business)企业的目标(Objective ofBusiness)企业的环境(Environment ofBusiness)企业的组织(Organization ofBusiness)企业的管理(Management ofBusiness)管理的定义(Definition of Management)管理的功能(Function ofManagement)管理的原则(Principle ofManagement)管理的过程(Process ofManagement)管理的效果(Effect ofManagement)计划(Planning)计划的类型(Type ofPlanning)计划的步骤(Step ofPlanning)计划的工具(Tool ofPlanning)计划的评价(Evaluationof Planning)组织(Organizing)组织的类型(Type ofOrganizing)组织的结构(Structure ofOrganizing)组织的设计(Design ofOrganizing)组织的变革(Change ofOrganizing)领导(Leading)领导的类型(Type ofLeading)领导的风格(Style ofLeading)领导的技能(Skill ofLeading)领导的效果(Effect ofLeading)11. 市场营销 (Marketing)术语术语术语术语术语市场(Market)市场营销(Marketing)市场营销的概念(Conceptof Marketing)市场营销的目标(Objective ofMarketing)市场营销的原则(Principle ofMarketing)市场营销环境(Marketing Environment)微观环境(Microenvironment)宏观环境(Macroenvironment)竞争环境(CompetitiveEnvironment)法律环境(LegalEnvironment)市场营销信息系统(Marketing InformationSystem)市场调查(MarketResearch)市场分析(Market Analysis)市场预测(MarketForecast)市场控制(MarketControl)市场细分(Market Segmentation)目标市场(TargetMarket)市场定位(MarketPositioning)市场选择(MarketSelection)市场组合(Market Mix)产品(Product)产品生命周期(ProductLife Cycle)产品策略(ProductStrategy)产品创新(ProductInnovation)产品品牌(ProductBrand)12. 国际金融 (International Finance)术语术语术语术语术语国际金融(InternationalFinance)国际金融市场(International FinancialMarket)国际金融机构(International FinancialInstitution)国际金融体系(International FinancialSystem)国际金融秩序(International FinancialOrder)国际收支(Balance of Payments)经常账户(CurrentAccount)资本账户(Capital Account)官方储备账户(OfficialReserve Account)国际收支平衡(Balanceof Payment Equilibrium)汇率(Exchange Rate)汇率制度(ExchangeRate Regime)汇率决定理论(ExchangeRate DeterminationTheory)汇率风险(ExchangeRate Risk)汇率政策(ExchangeRate Policy)国际债务(InternationalDebt)外债(Foreign Debt)内债(Domestic Debt)多边债务(MultilateralDebt)双边债务(Bilateral Debt)国际金融危机(International FinancialCrisis)金融全球化(FinancialGlobalization)金融自由化(FinancialLiberalization)金融监管(FinancialRegulation)金融稳定(FinancialStability)13. 国际贸易国际贸易是指不同国家或地区之间进行的商品和服务的交换活动。
经济类英文专业术语.doc
AAcceleration depreciation 加速折旧Acceleration Clause 加速条款，提前偿付条款Acceptor 承兑人；受票人；接受人Acceptance 承兑，承兑汇票Acceptance Commission 承兑费用Acceptance Credit承兑信用证，承兑信用Acceptance Market承兑票据市场Acceptance bank承兑银行Accommodation paper 融通票据；担保借据Accounts payable 应付帐款Accounts receivable 应收帐款Accrual basis 应计制；权责发生制Accrued interest 应计利息Accredited Investors 合资格投资者；受信投资人指符合美国证券交易委员(SEC)条例，可参与一般美国非公开(私募)发行的部份机构和高净值个人投资者Accredit value 自然增长值ACE 美国商品交易所Acid Test Ratio 酸性测验比率；速动比率Across the board 全面一致；全盘的Acting in concert 一致行动；合谋Active assets 活动资产；有收益资产Active capital 活动资本Actual market 现货市场Actuary 精算师；保险统计专家ADB 亚洲开发银行ADR 美国存股证；美国预托收据；美国存托凭证ADS 美国存托股份Ad valorem 从价；按值Affiliated company 关联公司；联营公司After date 发票后，出票后After-market 后市Agreement 协议；协定All-or-none order 整批委托Allocation 分配；配置Allotment 配股Alpha (Market Alpha) 阿尔法；预期市场可得收益水平Alternative investment 另类投资American Commodities Exchange 美国商品交易所American Depository Receipt 美国存股证；美国预托收据；美国存托凭证 (简称“ADR ”参见ADR栏目)American Depository Share 美国存托股份Amercian Stock Exchange 美国证券交易所American style option 美式期权Amex 美国证券交易所Amortizable intangibles 可摊销的无形资产Amortization 摊销Amsterdam Stock Exchange 阿姆斯特丹证券交易所Annual General Meeting 周年大会Annualized 年度化；按年计Annual report 年报；年度报告Anticipatory breach 预期违约Antitrust 反垄断APEC 亚太区经济合作组织(亚太经合组织) Appreciation [财产] 增值；涨价Appropriation 拨款；经费；指拨金额Arbitrage 套利；套汇；套戥Arbitration 仲裁Arm's length transaction 公平交易Arrears拖欠，欠款Articles of Association 公司章程；组织细则At-the-money option 平价期权；等价期权ASEAN 东南亚国家联盟 (东盟)Asian bank syndication market 亚洲银团市场Asian dollar bonds 亚洲美元债券Asset Allocation 资产配置Asset Backed Securities 资产担保债券Asset Management 资产管理Asset swap 资产掉期Assignment method 转让方法；指定分配方法ASX 澳大利亚证券交易所Auckland Stock Exchange 奥克兰证券交易所Auction market 竞价市场Authorized capital 法定股本；核准资本Authorized fund 认可基金Authorized representative 授权代表Australian Options Market 澳大利亚期权交易所Australian Stock Exchange 澳大利亚证券交易所BBack-door listing 借壳上市Back-end load 撤离费；后收费用Back office 后勤办公室Back to back FX agreement 背靠背外汇协议Bad check空头支票，坏票，退票Bad debts risk坏账风险Bailout指相关机构对周转有问题的银行提供财务援助的措施，如融资Balance of payments 国际收支平衡；收支结余Balance of trade 贸易平衡Balance sheet 资产负债表Balloon maturity 期末放气式偿还Balloon payment 最末期大笔还清Bancogiro银行资金划拔制度Bank, Banker, Banking 银行；银行家；银行业Bank account银行往来账户Bank Charge银行手续费(来澳洲的之前一定要问清楚，我吃亏了) Bank for International Settlements 国际结算银行Bank holding company 银行控股公司Bank interest 银行存款利息，银行贷款利息Bankruptcy 破产Bank loan银行贷款Base day 基准日Base rate 基准利率Basis point 基点；点子Basis swap 基准掉期Bear market 熊市；股市行情看淡Bearer 持票人Bearer stock 不记名股票Behind-the-scene 未开拓市场Below par 低于平值Benchmark 比较基准Beneficiary 受益人Beta (Market beta) 贝他(系数)；市场风险指数Best practice 最佳做法；典范做法Bills department 押汇部Bill of exchange 汇票BIS 国际结算银行Blackout period 封锁期Block trade 大额交易；大宗买卖Blue chips 蓝筹股Blue Sky [美国] 蓝天法；股票买卖交易法Board of directors 董事会Bona fide buyer 真诚买家Bond market 债券市场，债市Bonds 债券，债票Bonus issue 派送红股Bonus share 红股Book value 帐面值Bookbuilding 建立投资者购股意愿档案；建档；询价圈购BOOT 建造；拥有；经营；转让BOT 建造；经营；转让Bottom line 底线；最低限度Bottom-up 由下而上(方法)Bounced cheque 空头支票 Bourse 股票交易所(法文)BP (Basis Point) 基点Brand management 品牌管理Break-up fees 破除协议费用Break-up valuation 破产清理价值评估Breakeven point 收支平衡点 Bridging loan 临时贷款/过渡贷款Broad money 广义货币Broker, Broking,Brokerage House 经纪；证券买卖；证券交易；证券行；经纪行Brussels Stock Exchange 布鲁塞尔证券交易所BSSM 建造/设备供应-服务/维修Bubble economy 泡沫经济 Build, Operate and Transfer 建造、经营、转让Build, Own, Operate and Transfer 建造；拥有；经营；转让Build/Supply-Service/Maintain 建造/设备供应-服务/维修Bull market 牛市；股市行情看涨Bullets 不得赎回直至到期(债券结构之一) Bullish 看涨；看好行情 Bundesbank 德国联邦银行；德国央行Business day 营业日Business management 业务管理；商务管理；工商管理Business studies 业务研究；商业研究Buy-back 回购Buy-side analyst 买方分析员Buyer's credit 买方信贷(进口)Buyout 收购；买入By-law 细则；组织章程CCAC 巴黎CAC指数CAGR 复合年增长率Calendar year 月历年度Call-spread warrant 欧洲式跨价认股权证 Call option 认购期权Call protection/provision 赎回保障/条款Call warrant 认购认股权证Callable bond 可赎回债券Cap 上限 Capacity 生产能力；产能CAPEX 资本支出Capital Adequacy Ratio 资本充足比率Capital base 资本金；资本基楚Capital expenditure 资本支出 Capitalization >资本值Capital markets 资本市场；资金市场Capital raising 融资；筹集资金Carry trade 利率差额交易；套利外汇交易；息差交易Cash-settled warrant 现金认股权证Cash earnings per share 每股现金盈利Cash flow 现金流量CCASS 中央结算及交收系统CD 存款证 CDS 参见Credit Default Swap栏目CEDEL 世达国际结算系统(即欧洲货币市场结算系统)Ceiling 上限Ceiling-floor agreement 上下限协议Central Clearing & Settlement System 中央结算及交收系统 CEO 行政总栽；行政总监；首席执行官CEPA 即2003年6月29日于香港签署的《内地与香港关于建立更紧密经贸关系的安排》，是英文“The Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement (CEPA) between Hong Kong a ndthe Mainland”的简称。
常用经济术语中英文对照
国民经济、对外经济贸易 NATIONAL ECONOMY, FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS AND TRADE经济指标 economic indicators社会总产值 total product of society国民生产总值 GNP （Gross Domestic Product）国内生产总值 GDP (Gross Domestic Product）人均国内生产总值 GDP per capita工农业总产值 gross output value of industry and agriculture国民收入 national income购买力平价法 purchasing power parity财政收入 state revenue社会商品零售总额 total volume of retail sales社会零售物价总指数 general retail price index百分点 percentage points”八五"划划 the 8th Five—Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development计划经济 planned economy统购统销 state monopoly over purchase and marketing市场经济 market economy指令性计划 mandatory plan指导性计划 guidance plan市场调节 market regulation建立市场经济、法制、民主监督和廉政”三个机制” establish operational mechanisms of market economy， rule by law， democratic supervision and incorruptible government抓好农业、交通能源、教育科技"三个基础" stress priorities over agriculture， transportation and energy supply, education and science and technology实现产业结构、生态环境和人口素质"三个优化" optimize industrial structure, ecological environment and the quality of population第一、二、三产业 primary, secondary and tertiary industries外向型经济 export-oriented economy创汇型企业 foreign exchange-earning enterprise劳动密集型 labor intensive技术、智力、资本密集型 technology， knowledge or capital intensive高附加值的深加工 down—stream processing with high added—value优化资源配置 optimize allocation of resources生产力 productive forces生产资料 capital goods科研成果产业化 industrialization of research findings火炬计划 Torch Plan技术入股 technology appraised as capital stock风险投资 venture investment/capital固定资产投资 investment in fixed assets技术转让 technology transfer可行性研究 feasibility study意向书 letter of intent投资环境 investment environment跨国公司 transnational coorporation基础设施 infrastructure20年基本实现现代化 basically achieve modernization in 20 years发挥技术窗口管理窗口和人才窗口的作用 serve as a medium for introducing advanced technologies， managerial expertise and qualified professionals from outside。
经济类常用术语
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经济类常用术语
1马太效应（Matthew Effect）指强者愈强、弱者愈弱的现象，其名字来自圣经《新约·马太福音》中的一则寓言：“凡有的，还要加给他叫他多余；没有的，连他所有的也要夺过来。
2国内生产总值（Gross Domestic Product,简称GDP)是指在一定时期内（一个季度或一年），一个国家或地区的经济中所生产出的全部最终产品和劳务的价值，常被公认为衡量国家经济状况的最佳指标。
它不但可反映一个国家的经济表现，更可以反映一国的国力与财富。
绿色GDP 是指一个国家或地区在考虑了自然资源（主要包括土地、森林、矿产、水和海洋）与环境因素（包括生态环境、自然环境、人文环境等）影响之后经济活动的最终成果，即将经济活动中所付出的资源耗减成本和环境降级成本从GDP中予以扣除。
改革现行的国民经济核算体系，对环境资源进行核算，从现行GDP中扣除环境资源成本和对环境资源的保护服务费用，其计算结果可称之为“绿色GDP”;。
绿色GDP这个指标，实质上代表了国民经济增长的净正效应。
绿色GDP占GDP的比重越高，表明国民经济增长的正面效应越高，负面
1。
经济专业外语术语
经济学英语词汇1、General terms 一般术语economist 经济学家socialist economy 社会主义经济capitalist economy 资本主义经济collective economy 集体经济planned economy 计划经济controlled economy 管制经济rural economics 农村经济liberal economy 自由经济mixed economy 混合经济political economy 政治经济学protectionism 保护主义autarchy 闭关自守primary sector 初级成分private sector 私营成分,私营部门public sector 公共部门,公共成分economic channels 经济渠道economic balance 经济平衡economic fluctuation 经济波动economic depression 经济衰退economic stability 经济稳定economic policy 经济政策economic recovery 经济复原understanding 约定concentration 集中holding company 控股公司trust 托拉斯cartel 卡特尔rate of growth 增长economic trend 经济趋势economic situation 经济形势infrastructure 基本建设standard of living 生活标准,生活水平purchasing power, buying power 购买力scarcity 短缺stagnation 停滞,萧条,不景气underdevelopment 不发达underdeveloped 不发达的developing 发展中的2、Capital 资本initial capital 创办资本frozen capital 冻结资金frozen assets 冻结资产fixed assets 固定资产real estate 不动产,房地产circulating capital, working capital 流动资本available capital 可用资产capital goods 资本货物reserve 准备金,储备金calling up of capital 催缴资本allocation of funds 资金分配contribution of funds 资金捐献working capital fund 周转基金revolving fund 循环基金,周转性基金contingency fund 意外开支,准备金reserve fund 准备金buffer fund 缓冲基金,平准基金sinking fund 偿债基金investment 投资,资产investor 投资人self-financing 自筹经费,经费自给bank 银行current account 经常帐户(美作:checking account)current-account holder 支票帐户(美作:checking-account holder) cheque 支票(美作:check)bearer cheque, cheque payable to bearer 无记名支票,来人支票crossed cheque 划线支票traveller's cheque 旅行支票chequebook 支票簿,支票本(美作:checkbook)endorsement 背书transfer 转让,转帐,过户money 货币issue 发行ready money 现钱cash 现金ready money business, no credit given 现金交易,概不赊欠change 零钱banknote, note 钞票,纸币(美作:bill)to pay (in) cash 付现金domestic currency, local currency] 本国货币convertibility 可兑换性convertible currencies 可自由兑换货币exchange rate 汇率,兑换率foreign exchange 外汇floating exchange rate 浮动汇率free exchange rates 自由汇兑市场foreign exchange certificate 外汇兑换券hard currency 硬通货speculation 投机saving 储装,存款depreciation 减价,贬值devaluation (货币)贬值revaluation 重估价runaway inflation 无法控制的通货膨胀deflation 通货紧缩capital flight 资本外逃securities business 证券市场stock exchange 股票市场stock exchange corporation 证券交易所stock exchange 证券交易所,股票交易所quotation 报价,牌价share 股份,股票shareholder, stockholder 股票持有人,股东dividend 股息,红利cash dividend 现金配股stock investment 股票投资investment trust 投资信托stock-jobber 股票经纪人stock company, stock brokerage firm 证券公司securities 有价证券share, common stock 普通股preference stock 优先股income gain 股利收入issue 发行股票par value 股面价格, 票面价格bull 买手, 多头bear 卖手, 空头assigned 过户opening price 开盘closing price 收盘hard times 低潮business recession 景气衰退doldrums 景气停滞dull 盘整ease 松弛raising limit 涨停板break 暴跌bond, debenture 债券Wall Street 华尔街3、Credit 信贷short term loan 短期贷款long term loan 长期贷款medium term loan 中期贷款lender 债权人creditor 债权人debtor 债务人,借方borrower 借方,借款人borrowing 借款interest 利息rate of interest 利率discount 贴现,折扣rediscount 再贴现annuity 年金maturity 到期日,偿还日amortization 摊销,摊还,分期偿付redemption 偿还insurance 保险mortgage 抵押allotment 拨款short term credit 短期信贷consolidated debt 合并债务funded debt 固定债务,长期债务floating debt 流动债务drawing 提款,提存aid 援助allowance, grant, subsidy 补贴,补助金,津贴4、Pruduction 生产output 产出,产量producer 生产者,制造者productive, producing 生产的products, goods 产品consumer goods 消费品article 物品,商品manufactured goods, finished goods 制成品,产成品raw product 初级产品semifinished goods 半成品by-product 副产品foodstuffs 食品raw material 原料supply 供应,补给input 投入productivity 生产率productiveness 赢利性overproduction 生产过剩5、Expenses 耗费cost 成本,费用expenditure, outgoings 开支,支出fixed costs 固定成本overhead costs 营业间接成本overheads 杂项开支,间接成本operating costs 生产费用,营业成本operating expenses 营业费用running expenses 日常费用,经营费用miscellaneous costs 杂项费用overhead expenses 间接费用,管理费用upkeep costs, maintenance costs 维修费用,养护费用transport costs 运输费用social charges 社会负担费用contingent expenses, contingencies 或有费用apportionment of expenses 分摊费用6、Profit 利润income 收入,收益earnings 利润,收益gross income, gross earnings 总收入,总收益gross profit, gross benefit 毛利,总利润,利益毛额net income 纯收益,净收入,收益净额average income 平均收入national income 国民收入profitability, profit earning capacity 利润率,赢利率yield 产量收益,收益率increase in value, appreciation 增值,升值7、taxes 税duty 税taxation system 税制taxation 征税,纳税fiscal charges 财务税收progressive taxation 累进税制graduated tax 累进税value added tax 增值税income tax 所得税land tax 地租,地价税excise tax 特许权税basis of assessment 估税标准taxable income 须纳税的收入fiscality 检查tax-free 免税的tax exemption 免税taxpayer 纳税人tax collector 收税员8、Internal economic and trade orgnization 国际经济与贸易组织China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, C.C.P.I.T. 中国国际贸易促进委员会National Council for US-China Trade 美中贸易全国理事会Japan-China Economic Association 日中经济协会Association for the Promotion of International Trade,Japan 日本国际贸易促进会British Council for the Promotion of International Trade 英国国际贸易促进委员会International Chamber of Commerce 国际商会International Union of Marine Insurance 国际海洋运输保险协会International Alumina Association 国际铝矾土协会Universal Postal Union, UPU 万国邮政联盟Customs Co-operation Council, CCC 关税合作理事会United Nations Trade and Development Board 联合国贸易与发展理事会Organization for Economic cooperation and Development, DECD 经济合作与开发组织European Economic Community, EEC, European Common Market 欧洲经济共同体European Free Trade Association, EFTA 欧洲自由贸易联盟European Free Trade Area, EFTA 欧洲自由贸易区Council for Mutual Economic Aid, CMEA 经济互助委员会Eurogroup 欧洲集团Group of Ten 十国集团Committee of Twenty(Paris Club) 二十国委员会Coordinating Committee, COCOM 巴黎统筹委员会Caribbean Common Market, CCM, Caribbean Free-Trade Association, CARIFTA 加勒比共同市场（加勒比自由贸易同盟）Andeans Common Market, ACM, Andeans Treaty Organization, ATO 安第斯共同市场Latin American Free Trade Association, LAFTA 拉丁美洲自由贸易联盟Central American Common Market, CACM 中美洲共同市场African and Malagasy Common Organization, OCAM 非洲与马尔加什共同组织East African Common Market, EACM 东非共同市场Central African Customs and Economic Union, CEUCA 中非关税经济同盟West African Economic Community, WAEC 西非经济共同体Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, OPEC 石油输出国组织Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries, OAPEC 阿拉伯石油输出国组织Commonwealth Preference Area 英联邦特惠区Centre National du Commerce Exterieur, National Center of External Trade 法国对外贸易中心People's Bank of China 中国人民银行Bank of China 中国银行International Bank for Reconstruction and development, IBRD 国际复兴开发银行World Bank 世界银行International Development association, IDA 国际开发协会International Monetary Found Agreement 国际货币基金协定International Monetary Found, IMF 国际货币基金组织European Economic and Monetary Union 欧洲经济与货币同盟European Monetary Cooperation Fund 欧洲货币合作基金Bank for International Settlements, BIS 国际结算银行African Development Bank, AFDB 非洲开发银行Export-Import Bank of Washington 美国进出口银行National city Bank of New York 花旗银行American Oriental Banking Corporation 美丰银行American Express Co. Inc. 美国万国宝通银行The Chase Bank 大通银行Inter-American Development Bank, IDB 泛美开发银行European Investment Bank, EIB 欧洲投资银行Midland Bank,Ltd. 米兰银行United Bank of Switzerland 瑞士联合银行Dresden Bank A.G. 德累斯敦银行Bank of Tokyo,Ltd. 东京银行Hongkong and Shanghai Corporation 香港汇丰银行International Finance Corporation, IFC 国际金融公司La Communaute Financieve Africane 非洲金融共同体Economic and Social Council, ECOSOC 联合国经济及社会理事会United Nations Development Program, NUDP 联合国开发计划署United Nations Capital Development Fund, UNCDF 联合国资本开发基金United Nations Industrial Development Organization, UNIDO 联合国工业发展组织United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, UNCTAD 联合国贸易与发展会议Food and Agricultural Organization, FAO 粮食与农业组织, 粮农组织Economic Commission for Europe, ECE 欧洲经济委员会Economic Commission for Latin America, ECLA 拉丁美洲经济委员会Economic Commission for Asia and Far East, ECAFE 亚洲及远东经济委员会Economic Commission for Western Asia, ECWA 西亚经济委员会Economic Commission for Africa, ECA 非洲经济委员会Overseas Chinese Investment Company 华侨投资公司New York Stock Exchange, NYSE 纽约证券交易所London Stock Market 伦敦股票市场Baltic Mercantile and Shipping Exchange 波罗的海商业和航运交易所。
经济类专业术语
经济类词汇发布日期：2008-01-11 浏览次数：1664核心提示：economist 经济学家 socialist economy 社会主义经济 capitalist economy 资本主义经济 collective economy 集体经济 planned economy 计划经济 controlled economy 管制经济 rural economics 农村经济 liberal economy 自由经济 mixed economy 混合经济 political ecoeconomist 经济学家socialist economy 社会主义经济capitalist economy 资本主义经济collective economy 集体经济planned economy 计划经济controlled economy 管制经济rural economics 农村经济liberal economy 自由经济mixed economy 混合经济political economy 政治经济学protectionism 保护主义autarchy 闭关自守primary sector 初级成分private sector 私营成分,私营部门public sector 公共部门,公共成分economic channels 经济渠道economic balance 经济平衡economic fluctuation 经济波动economic depression 经济衰退economic stability 经济稳定economic policy 经济政策economic recovery 经济复原understanding 约定concentration 集中holding company 控股公司trust 托拉斯cartel 卡特尔rate of growth 增长economic trend 经济趋势economic situation 经济形势infrastructure 基本建设standard of living 生活标准,生活水平purchasing power, buying power 购买力scarcity 短缺stagnation 停滞,萧条,不景气underdevelopment 不发达underdeveloped 不发达的developing 发展中的initial capital 创办资本frozen capital 冻结资金frozen assets 冻结资产fixed assets 固定资产real estate 不动产,房地产available capital 可用资产capital goods 资本货物reserve 准备金,储备金calling up of capital 催缴资本allocation of funds 资金分配contribution of funds 资金捐献working capital fund 周转基金revolving fund 循环基金,周转性基金contingency fund 意外开支,准备金reserve fund 准备金buffer fund 缓冲基金,平准基金sinking fund 偿债基金investment 投资,资产investor 投资人self-financing 自筹经费,经费自给bank 银行current account 经常帐户 (美作:checking account)current-account holder 支票帐户 (美作:checking-account holder) cheque 支票 (美作:check)bearer cheque, cheque payable to bearer 无记名支票,来人支票crossed cheque 划线支票traveller's cheque 旅行支票chequebook 支票簿,支票本 (美作:checkbook)endorsement 背书transfer 转让,转帐,过户money 货币issue 发行ready money 现钱cash 现金ready money business, no credit given 现金交易,概不赊欠change 零钱banknote, note 钞票,纸币 (美作:bill)to pay (in) cash 付现金domestic currency, local currency] 本国货币convertibility 可兑换性convertible currencies 可自由兑换货币exchange rate 汇率,兑换率foreign exchange 外汇floating exchange rate 浮动汇率free exchange rates 自由汇兑市场foreign exchange certificate 外汇兑换券hard currency 硬通货speculation 投机saving 储装,存款depreciation 减价,贬值devaluation (货币)贬值revaluation 重估价runaway inflation 无法控制的通货膨胀deflation 通货紧缩capital flight 资本外逃securities business 证券市场stock exchange 股票市场stock exchange corporation 证券交易所stock exchange 证券交易所,股票交易所quotation 报价,牌价share 股份,股票shareholder, stockholder 股票持有人,股东dividend 股息,红利cash dividend 现金配股stock investment 股票投资investment trust 投资信托stock-jobber 股票经纪人stock company, stock brokerage firm 证券公司securities 有价证券share, common stock 普通股preference stock 优先股income gain 股利收入issue 发行股票par value 股面价格, 票面价格bull 买手, 多头bear 卖手, 空头assigned 过户opening price 开盘closing price 收盘hard times 低潮business recession 景气衰退doldrums 景气停滞dull 盘整ease 松弛raising limit 涨停板break 暴跌bond, debenture 债券Wall Street 华尔街short term loan 短期贷款long term loan 长期贷款medium term loan 中期贷款lender 债权人creditor 债权人debtor 债务人,借方borrower 借方,借款人borrowing 借款interest 利息rate of interest 利率discount 贴现,折扣rediscount 再贴现annuity 年金maturity 到期日,偿还日amortization 摊销,摊还,分期偿付redemption 偿还insurance 保险mortgage 抵押allotment 拨款short term credit 短期信贷consolidated debt 合并债务funded debt 固定债务,长期债务floating debt 流动债务drawing 提款,提存aid 援助allowance, grant, subsidy 补贴,补助金,津贴cost 成本,费用expenditure, outgoings 开支,支出fixed costs 固定成本overhead costs 营业间接成本overheads 杂项开支,间接成本operating costs 生产费用,营业成本operating expenses 营业费用running expenses 日常费用,经营费用miscellaneous costs 杂项费用overhead expenses 间接费用,管理费用upkeep costs, maintenance costs 维修费用,养护费用transport costs 运输费用social charges 社会负担费用contingent expenses, contingencies 或有费用apportionment of expenses 分摊费用income 收入,收益earnings 利润,收益gross income, gross earnings 总收入,总收益gross profit, gross benefit 毛利,总利润,利益毛额net income 纯收益,净收入,收益净额average income 平均收入national income 国民收入profitability, profit earning capacity 利润率,赢利率yield 产量收益,收益率increase in value, appreciation 增值,升值duty 税taxation system 税制taxation 征税,纳税fiscal charges 财务税收progressive taxation 累进税制graduated tax 累进税value added tax 增值税income tax 所得税land tax 地租,地价税excise tax 特许权税basis of assessment 估税标准taxable income 须纳税的收入fiscality 检查tax-free 免税的tax exemption 免税taxpayer 纳税人tax collector 收税员国民生产总值 GNP (Gross National Product) 人均国民生产总值 per capita GNP产值 output value鼓励 give incentive to投入 input宏观控制 exercise macro-control优化经济结构 optimize the economic structure输入活力 bring vigor into改善经济环境 improve economic environment整顿经济秩序 rectify economic order有效地控制通货膨胀 effectively control inflation非公有成分 non-public sectors主要成分 dominant sector实在的 tangible全体会议 plenary session解放生产力 liberate/unshackle/release the productive forces 引入歧途 lead one to a blind alley举措 move实事求是 seek truth from facts引进、输入 importation和平演变 peaceful evolution试一下 have a go (at sth.)精华、精粹、实质 quintessence家庭联产责任承包制 family-contract responsibility system 搞活企业 invigorate enterprises商品经济 commodity economy基石 cornerstone零售 retail发电量 electric energy production有色金属 nonferrous metals人均收入 per capita income使负担 be saddled with营业发达的公司 going concerns被兼并或挤掉 annexed or forced out of business善于接受的 receptive增额、增值、增长 increment发展过快 excessive growth抽样调查 data from the sample survey扣除物价上涨部分 price increase are deducted(excluded) 实际增长率 actual growth rate国际收支 international balance of payments流通制度 circulation system总工资 total wages分配形式 forms of distribution风险资金 risk funds管理不善 poor management农业 farming林业 forestry畜牧业 animal husbandry副业 sideline production渔业 fishing第一产业 primary industry第二产业 secondary industry第三产业 tertiary industry生产资料 means of production生活资料 means of livelihood/subsistence生产关系 relations of production生产力 productive forces公有制 public ownership私有制 private ownership全民所有制 ownership by the entire/whole people 社会主义集体所有制 socialist collective ownership厉行节约，反对浪费 to practice strict economy and combat waste外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise合资企业 joint venture合作企业 cooperative enterprise独资企业 wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise一个中心、两个基本点one central task and two basic points以经济建设为中心，坚持四项基本原则（1）社会主义道路（2）党的领导（3）人民民主专政（4）马列主义毛泽东思想、坚持改革开放the central task refers to economic construction and two basic points are the four cardinal principles - adherence to the socialist road, to Communist Party leadership, to the people's democratic dictatorship and to Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought - and persisting in reform and opening.改革是“社会主义制度的自我完善和自我发展”。
常用的经济术语的英文缩写及简要解释
常用的经济术语的英文缩写及简要解释常用的经济术语的英文缩写及简要解释经济学术语解释1、什么是CPI、通货膨胀、PPI和GNP缩减指数？消费者物价指数(Consumer Price Index)，英文缩写为CPI，是反映与居民生活有关的产品及劳务价格统计出来的物价变动指标，通常作为观察通货膨胀水平的重要指标。
如果消费者物价指数升幅过大，表明通胀已经成为经济不稳定因素，央行会有紧缩货币政策和财政政策的风险，从而造成经济前景不明朗。
因此，该指数过高的升幅往往不被市场欢迎。
例如，在过去12个月，消费者物价指数上升2。
3%，那表示，生活成本比12个月前平均上升2。
3%。
当生活成本提高，你的金钱价值便随之下降。
也就是说，一年前收到的一张100元纸币，今日只可以买到价值97。
70元的货品及服务。
一般说来当CPI>3%的增幅时我们称为Inflation，就是通货膨胀；而当CPI>5%的增幅时，我们把他称为Serious Inflation，就是严重的通货膨胀。
主要价格指数有三个：消费者价格指数CPI(Consumer’s Price Index)，生产者价格指数PPI(Producer’s Price Index)，GNP缩减指数(GNP Deflator)。
三种价格指数的计算方法基本一样，即各种商品的价格变化程度的加权平均。
不过，每一种价格指数计算中选择的商品篮子不一样。
计算消费者价格指数时，商品篮子中包含的典型市民的消费篮子。
所以，消费者价格指数也被称为生活成本指数。
生产者价格指数计算时，选取的商品篮子中包含的是生产资源。
GNP缩减指数则是一个更具综合性的指数，其计算中选取的商品篮子既包含消费品，也包含生产资源。
可以这样说，CPI是一个同步经济指标，PPI是一个先行经济指标。
一般来说生产者价格指数领先于经济3个月到半年，消费者滞后于经济3个月到半年。
CPI可以显示目前经济状况，而PPI可以显示未来经济状况。
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经济类英文专业术语AAcceleration depreciation 加速折旧Acceleration Clause 加速条款，提前偿付条款Acceptor 承兑人；受票人；接受人Acceptance 承兑，承兑汇票Acceptance Commission 承兑费用Acceptance Credit承兑信用证，承兑信用Acceptance Market承兑票据市场Acceptance bank承兑银行Accommodation paper 融通票据；担保借据Accounts payable 应付帐款Accounts receivable 应收帐款Accrual basis 应计制；权责发生制Accrued interest 应计利息Accredited Investors 合资格投资者；受信投资人指符合美国证券交易委员(SEC)条例，可参与一般美国非公开(私募)发行的部份机构和高净值个人投资者Accredit value 自然增长值ACE 美国商品交易所Acid Test Ratio 酸性测验比率；速动比率Across the board 全面一致；全盘的Acting in concert 一致行动；合谋Active assets 活动资产；有收益资产Active capital 活动资本Actual market 现货市场Actuary 精算师；保险统计专家ADB 亚洲开发银行ADR 美国存股证；美国预托收据；美国存托凭证ADS 美国存托股份Ad valorem 从价；按值Affiliated company 关联公司；联营公司After date 发票后，出票后After-market 后市Agreement 协议；协定All-or-none order 整批委托Allocation 分配；配置Allotment 配股Alpha (Market Alpha) 阿尔法；预期市场可得收益水平Alternative investment 另类投资American Commodities Exchange 美国商品交易所American Depository Receipt 美国存股证；美国预托收据；美国存托凭证 (简称“ADR ”参见ADR栏目) American Depository Share 美国存托股份Amercian Stock Exchange 美国证券交易所American style option 美式期权Amex 美国证券交易所Amortizable intangibles 可摊销的无形资产Amortization 摊销Amsterdam Stock Exchange 阿姆斯特丹证券交易所Annual General Meeting 周年大会Annualized 年度化；按年计Annual report 年报；年度报告Anticipatory breach 预期违约Antitrust 反垄断APEC 亚太区经济合作组织(亚太经合组织) Appreciation [财产] 增值；涨价Appropriation 拨款；经费；指拨金额Arbitrage 套利；套汇；套戥Arbitration 仲裁Arm's length transaction 公平交易Arrears拖欠，欠款Articles of Association 公司章程；组织细则At-the-money option 平价期权；等价期权ASEAN 东南亚国家联盟 (东盟)Asian bank syndication market 亚洲银团市场Asian dollar bonds 亚洲美元债券Asset Allocation 资产配置Asset Backed Securities 资产担保债券Asset Management 资产管理Asset swap 资产掉期Assignment method 转让方法；指定分配方法ASX 澳大利亚证券交易所Auckland Stock Exchange 奥克兰证券交易所Auction market 竞价市场Authorized capital 法定股本；核准资本Authorized fund 认可基金Authorized representative 授权代表Australian Options Market 澳大利亚期权交易所Australian Stock Exchange 澳大利亚证券交易所BBack-door listing 借壳上市Back-end load 撤离费；后收费用Back office 后勤办公室Back to back FX agreement 背靠背外汇协议Bad check空头支票，坏票，退票Bad debts risk坏账风险Bailout指相关机构对周转有问题的银行提供财务援助的措施，如融资Balance of payments 国际收支平衡；收支结余Balance of trade 贸易平衡Balance sheet 资产负债表Balloon maturity 期末放气式偿还Balloon payment 最末期大笔还清Bancogiro银行资金划拔制度Bank, Banker, Banking 银行；银行家；银行业Bank account银行往来账户Bank Charge银行手续费(来澳洲的之前一定要问清楚，我吃亏了)Bank for International Settlements 国际结算银行Bank holding company 银行控股公司Bank interest 银行存款利息，银行贷款利息Bankruptcy 破产Bank loan银行贷款Base day 基准日Base rate 基准利率Basis point 基点；点子Basis swap 基准掉期Bear market 熊市；股市行情看淡Bearer 持票人Bearer stock 不记名股票Behind-the-scene 未开拓市场Below par 低于平值Benchmark 比较基准Beneficiary 受益人Beta (Market beta) 贝他(系数)；市场风险指数Best practice 最佳做法；典范做法Bills department 押汇部Bill of exchange 汇票BIS 国际结算银行Blackout period 封锁期Block trade 大额交易；大宗买卖Blue chips 蓝筹股Blue Sky [美国] 蓝天法；股票买卖交易法Board of directors 董事会Bona fide buyer 真诚买家Bond market 债券市场，债市Bonds 债券，债票Bonus issue 派送红股Bonus share 红股Book value 帐面值Bookbuilding 建立投资者购股意愿档案；建档；询价圈购BOOT 建造；拥有；经营；转让BOT 建造；经营；转让Bottom line 底线；最低限度Bottom-up 由下而上(方法)Bounced cheque 空头支票 Bourse 股票交易所(法文)BP (Basis Point) 基点Brand management 品牌管理Break-up fees 破除协议费用Break-up valuation 破产清理价值评估Breakeven point 收支平衡点 Bridging loan 临时贷款/过渡贷款Broad money 广义货币Broker, Broking,Brokerage House 经纪；证券买卖；证券交易；证券行；经纪行Brussels Stock Exchange 布鲁塞尔证券交易所BSSM 建造/设备供应-服务/维修Bubble economy 泡沫经济 Build, Operate and Transfer 建造、经营、转让Build, Own, Operate and Transfer 建造；拥有；经营；转让Build/Supply-Service/Maintain 建造/设备供应-服务/维修Bull market 牛市；股市行情看涨Bullets 不得赎回直至到期(债券结构之一)Bullish 看涨；看好行情 Bundesbank 德国联邦银行；德国央行Business day 营业日Business management 业务管理；商务管理；工商管理Business studies 业务研究；商业研究Buy-back 回购Buy-side analyst 买方分析员Buyer's credit 买方信贷(进口)Buyout 收购；买入By-law 细则；组织章程CCAC 巴黎CAC指数CAGR 复合年增长率Calendar year 月历年度Call-spread warrant 欧洲式跨价认股权证 Call option 认购期权Call protection/provision 赎回保障/条款Call warrant 认购认股权证Callable bond 可赎回债券Cap 上限 Capacity 生产能力；产能CAPEX 资本支出Capital Adequacy Ratio 资本充足比率Capital base 资本金；资本基楚Capital expenditure 资本支出 Capitalization >资本值Capital markets 资本市场；资金市场Capital raising 融资；筹集资金Carry trade 利率差额交易；套利外汇交易；息差交易Cash-settled warrant 现金认股权证Cash earnings per share 每股现金盈利Cash flow 现金流量CCASS 中央结算及交收系统CD 存款证 CDS 参见Credit DefaultSwap栏目CEDEL 世达国际结算系统(即欧洲货币市场结算系统)Ceiling 上限Ceiling-floor agreement 上下限协议Central Clearing & Settlement System 中央结算及交收系统 CEO 行政总栽；行政总监；首席执行官CEPA 即2003年6月29日于香港签署的《内地与香港关于建立更紧密经贸关系的安排》，是英文“The Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement (CEPA) between Hong Kong and theMainland”的简称。
Certificate of deposit 存款证Certificate of incumbency 公司授权/委任书CFO 财务总监；首席财务官 Chaebol 韩国财阀；韩国大企业Change of domicile 迁册(公司更改注册地址)Chapter 11 指美国《破产法》第11章的破产保护申请。