MAXIMUM PACKING TECHNIQUE PERFORMANCE IN HIGHWAY AND PLANAR CELLULAR TYPE SYSTEMS

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运筹学英汉词汇ABC

运筹学英汉词汇(0,1) normalized ――0-1规范化Aactivity ――工序additivity――可加性adjacency matrix――邻接矩阵adjacent――邻接aligned game――结盟对策analytic functional equation――分析函数方程approximation method――近似法arc ――弧artificial constraint technique ――人工约束法artificial variable――人工变量augmenting path――增广路avoid cycle method ――避圈法Bbackward algorithm――后向算法balanced transportation problem――产销平衡运输问题basic feasible solution ――基本可行解basic matrix――基阵basic solution ――基本解basic variable ――基变量basic ――基basis iteration ――换基迭代Bayes decision――贝叶斯决策big M method ――大M 法binary integer programming ――0-1整数规划binary operation――二元运算binary relation――二元关系binary tree――二元树binomial distribution――二项分布bipartite graph――二部图birth and death process――生灭过程Bland rule ――布兰德法则branch node――分支点branch――树枝bridge――桥busy period――忙期Ccapacity of system――系统容量capacity――容量Cartesian product――笛卡儿积chain――链characteristic function――特征函数chord――弦circuit――回路coalition structure――联盟结构coalition――联盟combination me――组合法complement of a graph――补图complement of a set――补集complementary of characteristic function――特征函数的互补性complementary slackness condition ――互补松弛条件complementary slackness property――互补松弛性complete bipartite graph――完全二部图complete graph――完全图completely undeterministic decision――完全不确定型决策complexity――计算复杂性congruence method――同余法connected component――连通分支connected graph――连通图connected graph――连通图constraint condition――约束条件constraint function ――约束函数constraint matrix――约束矩阵constraint method――约束法constraint ――约束continuous game――连续对策convex combination――凸组合convex polyhedron ――凸多面体convex set――凸集core――核心corner-point ――顶点（角点）cost coefficient――费用系数cost function――费用函数cost――费用criterion ; test number――检验数critical activity ――关键工序critical path method ――关键路径法（CMP ）critical path scheduling ――关键路径cross job ――交叉作业curse of dimensionality――维数灾customer resource――顾客源customer――顾客cut magnitude ――截量cut set ――截集cut vertex――割点cutting plane method ――割平面法cycle ――回路cycling ――循环Ddecision fork――决策结点decision maker决――策者decision process of unfixed step number――不定期决策过程decision process――决策过程decision space――决策空间decision variable――决策变量decision决－－策decomposition algorithm――分解算法degenerate basic feasible solution ――退化基本可行解degree――度demand――需求deterministic inventory model――确定贮存模型deterministic type decision――确定型决策diagram method ――图解法dictionary ordered method ――字典序法differential game――微分对策digraph――有向图directed graph――有向图directed tree――有向树disconnected graph――非连通图distance――距离domain――定义域dominate――优超domination of strategies――策略的优超关系domination――优超关系dominion――优超域dual graph――对偶图Dual problem――对偶问题dual simplex algorithm ――对偶单纯形算法dual simplex method――对偶单纯形法dummy activity――虚工序dynamic game――动态对策dynamic programming――动态规划Eearliest finish time――最早可能完工时间earliest start time――最早可能开工时间economic ordering quantity formula――经济定购批量公式edge ――边effective set――有效集efficient solution――有效解efficient variable――有效变量elementary circuit――初级回路elementary path――初级通路elementary ――初等的element――元素empty set――空集entering basic variable ――进基变量equally liability method――等可能性方法equilibrium point――平衡点equipment replacement problem――设备更新问题equipment replacing problem――设备更新问题equivalence relation――等价关系equivalence――等价Erlang distribution――爱尔朗分布Euler circuit――欧拉回路Euler formula――欧拉公式Euler graph――欧拉图Euler path――欧拉通路event――事项expected value criterion――期望值准则expected value of queue length――平均排队长expected value of sojourn time――平均逗留时间expected value of team length――平均队长expected value of waiting time――平均等待时间exponential distribution――指数分布external stability――外部稳定性Ffeasible basis ――可行基feasible flow――可行流feasible point――可行点feasible region ――可行域feasible set in decision space――决策空间上的可行集feasible solution――可行解final fork――结局结点final solution――最终解finite set――有限集合flow――流following activity ――紧后工序forest――森林forward algorithm――前向算法free variable ――自由变量function iterative method――函数迭代法functional basic equation――基本函数方程function――函数fundamental circuit――基本回路fundamental cut-set――基本割集fundamental system of cut-sets――基本割集系统fundamental system of cut-sets――基本回路系统Ggame phenomenon――对策现象game theory――对策论game――对策generator――生成元geometric distribution――几何分布goal programming――目标规划graph theory――图论graph――图HHamilton circuit――哈密顿回路Hamilton graph――哈密顿图Hamilton path――哈密顿通路Hasse diagram――哈斯图hitchock method ――表上作业法hybrid method――混合法Iideal point――理想点idle period――闲期implicit enumeration method――隐枚举法in equilibrium――平衡incidence matrix――关联矩阵incident――关联indegree――入度indifference curve――无差异曲线indifference surface――无差异曲面induced subgraph――导出子图infinite set――无限集合initial basic feasible solution ――初始基本可行解initial basis ――初始基input process――输入过程Integer programming ――整数规划inventory policy―v存贮策略inventory problem―v货物存储问题inverse order method――逆序解法inverse transition method――逆转换法isolated vertex――孤立点isomorphism――同构Kkernel――核knapsack problem ――背包问题Llabeling method ――标号法latest finish time――最迟必须完工时间leaf――树叶least core――最小核心least element――最小元least spanning tree――最小生成树leaving basic variable ――出基变量lexicographic order――字典序lexicographic rule――字典序lexicographically positive――按字典序正linear multiobjective programming――线性多目标规划Linear Programming Model――线性规划模型Linear Programming――线性规划local noninferior solution――局部非劣解loop method――闭回路loop――圈loop――自环（环）loss system――损失制Mmarginal rate of substitution――边际替代率Marquart decision process――马尔可夫决策过程matching problem――匹配问题matching――匹配mathematical programming――数学规划matrix form ――矩阵形式matrix game――矩阵对策maximum element――最大元maximum flow――最大流maximum matching――最大匹配middle square method――平方取中法minimal regret value method――最小后悔值法minimum-cost flow――最小费用流mixed expansion――混合扩充mixed integer programming ――混合整数规划mixed Integer programming――混合整数规划mixed Integer ――混合整数规划mixed situation――混合局势mixed strategy set――混合策略集mixed strategy――混合策略mixed system――混合制most likely estimate――最可能时间multigraph――多重图multiobjective programming――多目标规划multiobjective simplex algorithm――多目标单纯形算法multiple optimal solutions ――多个最优解multistage decision problem――多阶段决策问题multistep decision process――多阶段决策过程Nn- person cooperative game ――n人合作对策n- person noncooperative game――n人非合作对策n probability distribution of customer arrive――顾客到达的n 概率分布natural state――自然状态nature state probability――自然状态概率negative deviational variables――负偏差变量negative exponential distribution――负指数分布network――网络newsboy problem――报童问题no solutions ――无解node――节点non-aligned game――不结盟对策nonbasic variable ――非基变量nondegenerate basic feasible solution――非退化基本可行解nondominated solution――非优超解noninferior set――非劣集noninferior solution――非劣解nonnegative constrains ――非负约束non-zero-sum game――非零和对策normal distribution――正态分布northwest corner method ――西北角法n-person game――多人对策nucleolus――核仁null graph――零图Oobjective function ――目标函数objective( indicator) function――指标函数one estimate approach――三时估计法operational index――运行指标operation――运算optimal basis ――最优基optimal criterion ――最优准则optimal solution ――最优解optimal strategy――最优策略optimal value function――最优值函数optimistic coefficient method――乐观系数法optimistic estimate――最乐观时间optimistic method――乐观法optimum binary tree――最优二元树optimum service rate――最优服务率optional plan――可供选择的方案order method――顺序解法ordered forest――有序森林ordered tree――有序树outdegree――出度outweigh――胜过Ppacking problem ――装箱问题parallel job――平行作业partition problem――分解问题partition――划分path――路path――通路pay-off function――支付函数payoff matrix――支付矩阵payoff――支付pendant edge――悬挂边pendant vertex――悬挂点pessimistic estimate――最悲观时间pessimistic method――悲观法pivot number ――主元plan branch――方案分支plane graph――平面图plant location problem――工厂选址问题player――局中人Poisson distribution――泊松分布Poisson process――泊松流policy――策略polynomial algorithm――多项式算法positive deviational variables――正偏差变量posterior――后验分析potential method ――位势法preceding activity ――紧前工序prediction posterior analysis――预验分析prefix code――前级码price coefficient vector ――价格系数向量primal problem――原问题principal of duality ――对偶原理principle of optimality――最优性原理prior analysis――先验分析prisoner’s dilemma――囚徒困境probability branch――概率分支production scheduling problem――生产计划program evaluation and review technique――计划评审技术(PERT) proof――证明proper noninferior solution――真非劣解pseudo-random number――伪随机数pure integer programming ――纯整数规划pure strategy――纯策略Qqueue discipline――排队规则queue length――排队长queuing theory――排队论Rrandom number――随机数random strategy――随机策略reachability matrix――可达矩阵reachability――可达性regular graph――正则图regular point――正则点regular solution――正则解regular tree――正则树relation――关系replenish――补充resource vector ――资源向量revised simplex method――修正单纯型法risk type decision――风险型决策rooted tree――根树root――树根Ssaddle point――鞍点saturated arc ――饱和弧scheduling (sequencing) problem――排序问题screening method――舍取法sensitivity analysis ――灵敏度分析server――服务台set of admissible decisions(policies) ――允许决策集合set of admissible states――允许状态集合set theory――集合论set――集合shadow price ――影子价格shortest path problem――最短路线问题shortest path――最短路径simple circuit――简单回路simple graph――简单图simple path――简单通路Simplex method of goal programming――目标规划单纯形法Simplex method ――单纯形法Simplex tableau――单纯形表single slack time ――单时差situation――局势situation――局势slack variable ――松弛变量sojourn time――逗留时间spanning graph――支撑子图spanning tree――支撑树spanning tree――生成树stable set――稳定集stage indicator――阶段指标stage variable――阶段变量stage――阶段standard form――标准型state fork――状态结点state of system――系统状态state transition equation――状态转移方程state transition――状态转移state variable――状态变量state――状态static game――静态对策station equilibrium state――统计平衡状态stationary input――平稳输入steady state――稳态stochastic decision process――随机性决策过程stochastic inventory method――随机贮存模型stochastic simulation――随机模拟strategic equivalence――策略等价strategic variable, decision variable ――决策变量strategy (policy) ――策略strategy set――策略集strong duality property ――强对偶性strong ε-core――强ε-核心strongly connected component――强连通分支strongly connected graph――强连通图structure variable ――结构变量subgraph――子图sub-policy――子策略subset――子集subtree――子树surplus variable ――剩余变量surrogate worth trade-off method――代替价值交换法symmetry property ――对称性system reliability problem――系统可靠性问题Tteam length――队长tear cycle method――破圈法technique coefficient vector ――技术系数矩阵test number of cell ――空格检验数the branch-and-bound technique ――分支定界法the fixed-charge problem ――固定费用问题three estimate approach一―时估计法total slack time――总时差traffic intensity――服务强度transportation problem ――运输问题traveling salesman problem――旅行售货员问题tree――树trivial graph――平凡图two person finite zero-sum game二人有限零和对策two-person game――二人对策two-phase simplex method ――两阶段单纯形法Uunbalanced transportation problem ――产销不平衡运输问题unbounded ――无界undirected graph――无向图uniform distribution――均匀分布unilaterally connected component――单向连通分支unilaterally connected graph――单向连通图union of sets――并集utility function――效用函数Vvertex――顶点voting game――投票对策Wwaiting system――等待制waiting time――等待时间weak duality property ――弱对偶性weak noninferior set――弱非劣集weak noninferior solution――弱非劣解weakly connected component――弱连通分支weakly connected graph――弱连通图weighed graph ――赋权图weighted graph――带权图weighting method――加权法win expectation――收益期望值Zzero flow――零流zero-sum game――零和对策zero-sum two person infinite game――二人无限零和对策。

化工专业英语单词汇总

a function of …的函数 absorption：吸附 acetone 丙酮acrylics丙烯酸树脂 Aerospace 航空 agricultural engineering农业工程agricultural engineer农艺师 Amalgam 汞齐，水银；混合物，交叉ammonia 氨 ammonium nitrate硝酸铵ammonium sulfate硫酸铵 analyte分析物 analytical chemistry分析化学amorphous 非定型的,非晶型的,非结晶的,玻璃状的;无一定目的的,乱七八糟approximate to：接近，趋近 area 面积 argon氩 aromatic 芳香烃的as a whole整体而言 ash纯碱 asphalt沥青a priori：先验的,既定的,不根据经验的,由原因推出结果的,演绎的,直觉的accessory heater 附属加热器accident prevention事故预防accountant会计师，会计，出纳 activity coefficient活度系数actualrate of absorption 实际吸收速率 adiabatic绝热的，不传热的alkane烷烃 ammonia-air mixture 氨气-水混合物ammonium phosphate磷酸铵anhydrous无水的applied Chemistry应用化学aquatic plant 水生植物 artificial人工的 asphaltene沥青油assay分析化验 at right angles to 与…成直角，与…垂直bottoms product塔底产品 baffle-plate折流挡板，缓冲挡板balance 抵消，平衡 barrier障碍物 batch间歇的；benzene苯binary distillation双组分精馏 bioengineering生物工程 bionics（仿生学）biosynthesis生物合成 blower 风机 boundary layer 边界层brick wall 墙壁 brittleness 脆性 bubble-cap tower 泡罩塔Buchner funnel 布氏漏斗 bulk explosive集装炸药 buoyancy force 浮力by virtue of 由于，根据，凭借于 barrel桶(国际原油计量单位)base塔底，基础 biological production生物制品生产biomechanics生物力学 bitumen沥青 blood-flow dynamics血液流动动力学boiling point 沸点 bottom 底部，塔底 branched chain支链烷烃branched-chain（带支链的） bulk chemical 大宗化工产品capillary action毛细管作用 carbon dioxide 二氧化碳capital expenditure 基建投资 carbon skeleton碳骨架capital outlay 费用，成本，基建投资 carrier载体carbon tetrachloride四氯化碳 straightforward简单明了的 catalyst 催化剂catalyst催化剂， catalytic cracking 催化裂化catalytic oxidation催化氧化 chemical additive添加剂centrifuge离心.离心机，离心分离 chemical process safety 化工过程安全chain-shaped链状的 chemical reactor transfer of heat, evaporation, crystallization结晶chain链 chlorofluorocarbon二氯二氟化碳，氟里昂chemical reaction化学反应 circulating gas 循环气civil engineer土木工程师 closed system封闭系统cleansing agent清洗剂 compound化合物close teamwork紧密的团队协作 computer microchip 计算机芯片coefficient系数 concentration difference 浓度差columnar liquid chromatography柱状液相色谱仪 concentration gradient 浓度梯度combustion燃烧 condensate冷凝液，凝缩液commercial proportions 商业规模 condensation冷凝commodity or specialty通用商品或特殊化学品 condenser冷凝器compress压缩 condense凝缩，冷凝computationally intensive计算量大的 constitute取代物，取代基concave （凸的，凸面） continuous：连续的concentration 浓度 convection 对流conduction 传导 convection drying对流干燥conduit导流管）, cooling water 冷却水conical funnel 锥形漏斗 coordinating ligand配合体，向心配合体conservation of mass and energy能量与质量守衡定律 corrosive property 腐蚀性constant-rate drying period恒速干燥阶段 cost engineer造价师control volume 控制体 counterpart对应物，配对物cooler 冷却器 cracking of petroleum石油裂解counteract抵消 cracking裂化counter-current逆流 criteria 指标 conversion转化，转化率critical moisture content临界湿湿含量 crude oil原油cake filtration 饼层过滤 capillarity毛细现象，毛细管力 crystal flaw 晶体瑕疵decompose分解，离解，还原，腐烂 depth 深度 derivative衍生物descriptive 描述性的 diagnostic application of computers计算机诊断diammonium hydrogen phosphate磷酸二氢铵 dislocation 错位dispersion model分散模型 dissolve 溶解 distillate product塔顶馏出产品distillate section精馏段 downcomer 降液管 drag forces曳力 drying of Solids 固体干燥drying rate干燥速率 ductility 延展性 dairy牛奶deactivate失活 deep bed filtration 深层过滤 defect structure 结构缺陷demonstrate论证，证明，证实；说明，表明，显示density 密度 density difference密度差 deposit沉积物design engineer设计师 detector检测器 detrimental有害的devastate破坏，蹂躏 discolor变色，脱色drop in pressure 压降 drying gas干燥气体 drying干燥durability 耐久性，寿命，使用期限，强度eddy diffusion涡流扩散 efficiency improvement 效率提高electromagnetic wave 电磁波 Empirical model 经验模型employ采纳，利用 end-of-pipe solution 最终方案energy efficiency 能量效率 environmental health engineering环境健康工程equimolecular counter-diffusion 等分子反向扩散essential oil香精油 ether 乙醚 ethylene epoxidation 乙烯环氧化反应exothermic（放热的，endothermic吸热的,adiabatic绝热的）exotic chemistry 奇异化学explosive炸药 extract 萃取液extract萃取液 eddy 尾流，涡流 electrical conductivity 导电性emission释放物，排放物 emulsifying agent乳化剂energy saving 节约能量 enthalpy 焓 extract phase萃取相environmentally benign processing环境友好加工equilibrium constant 平衡常数 ethyl alcohol乙醇)energy conversion 能量转化falling-rate降速 falling-rate period降速干燥阶段feedstock 进料，原料 fermentation发酵Fick’s Law 费克定律 filter cake 滤饼filter paper 滤纸 filtering medium 过滤介质filtering surface 过滤表面 filtrate 滤液flux（通量，流通量） foodstuff 食品forces of friction 摩擦力 forefront最前线，最前沿fouling污垢，发泡 foundation 基础fraction collector馏分收集器fractional crystallization分步结晶fully developed turbulent flow充分发展湍流 functional group官能团furnace 火炉，燃烧器 fused quartz 熔化的石英factor 因数，因子，系数，比例 family族 feed liquor 进料液fertilizer化肥 fiber纤维 filter cake 滤饼filter 过滤器 filtration 过滤 final-proposal决议Fine chemical 精细化工 first-principles基本原理，基本规则fluid mechanics 流体力学 fluorescence 荧光色，荧光fossil fuel化石燃料 freeze drying冷冻干燥gas diffusivity气体扩散性，气体扩散系数gasoline汽油 general service facilities公用工程gravity重力 gas adsorption 吸收；Gas and Liquid Chromatography气相色谱与液相色谱gasoline汽油 governmental regulation政府规定heat exchanger 换热器 heat requirement热负荷heat-sensitive material 热敏性物质 heavy gas oil重瓦斯油helium氦 HF alkylation氰氟酸烷基化high-efficiency高效的 high-fidelity高保真的 high-performance高性能human-factors engineering人类与环境工程humidity湿度 hydrodynamic model水力学模型hydrogen and methane oxidation 氢气和甲烷氧化反应hydroquinone 对苯二酚 hard hat 安全帽hazard identification 危害辩识， health care保健hearing aid助听器 artificial limb假肢 heat exchange 热交换heats of solution and vaporization溶解热和汽化热 homologous series同系物human medicine人体医学 hydrocarbon naphthene环烷烃hydrogen cyanide氰化氢i feed tray进料板 ibuprofen异丁苯丙酸 ifetime寿命 impurity杂质in the vicinity of 在…附近，靠近..,大约…，在…左右information processing 信息处理injection注射 inorganic salt无机盐 insulation 绝缘inter-phase mass transfer界相际间质量传递is proportional to 与…成比例ideal system 理想系统 In principle从原理而言in the absence of无---存在 inert 惰性物，不参加反应的物质inflection:折射 intensity强度，程度is almost inversely proportional to 几乎与…成反比internal structure 内部结构ketone酮 kilogram千克labor 劳动力 laminar sub-layer 层流底层 latent heat潜热 law 定律 Lewis acid不可再生的路易斯酸liquid mixture 液体混合物 lubricating oil润滑油Latin or Greek stem 拉丁或者希腊词根least-squares-regression最小二乘法 life scientist生命科学家liquid-liquid extraction 液液萃取 locant位次，位标 loss prevention损失预防macroscopic phenomenon 宏观现象 thermal stability热稳定性maintenance expense 维修费 macroscopic particle 宏观的粒子materials science材料科学 magnet 磁铁，有吸引力的人或物matte无光泽的，无光的 mathematical expression steady-state model稳态模型mean value平均值 maximum最大的mechanical disturbance 机械扰动 mechanical, thermal, chemical, electric, magnetic, and optical behavior. （机械性能、热学性能、化学性能、电学性能、磁性能、光学性能）mechanical separation 机械分离） medical electronics医疗电子medical instrumentation医疗器械 medical engineering医学工程，医疗工程membrane technology膜技术 medium 介质metal wall of a tube 金属管壁 membrane module膜组件metallic solid 金属固体 methane甲烷metallurgy 冶金学，冶金术 milliliter毫升micro-reactor 微型反应器 miscible可混合的，可溶的，可搅拌的mobile phase移动相 model identification模式识别moisture content湿含量 molecular diffusion 分子扩散motion of unbound electrons 自由电子的运动 molecular transfer分子传递mount 安装，固定 moving gas stream移动的气流multi-component distillation多组分精馏natural gas天然气 naphtha石脑油near toequilibrium接近平衡 natural and forced convection 自然对流和强制对流neural network神经网络 net flow 净流量nitric acid 硝酸 nitric acid硝酸 nylon尼龙nitrogen oxides氮氧化物 nonlinear-equation-solving technique非线性方程求解技术nomenclature of chemical compound化学化合物的命名法 nuclear power 核能octane number of gasoline汽油辛烷值 of the same order具有同一数量级of enthalpy 焓通量 oil drilling采油operating condition操作条件 oil shale油页岩overhead vapor塔顶汽体 one-pass（单程）oxygenate content 氧含量 operating cost 操作费用or convex（凹的，凹面） organic有机的，有机物的outline描绘，勾勒 output产出，输出，产量oxides of nitrogen 氮氧化物paraffin石蜡，烷烃parent母链，主链penicillin青霉素partial vaporization 部分汽化particle size 颗粒尺寸pharmaceutical intermediate药物中间体pharmaceutical 制药 packed tower 填料塔phaseout消除 packing characteristics填充性质phenomenological model 现象模型 packing material 填料 pump 泵physical process 物理过程 paint涂料physiologists生理学 paraffin石蜡，链烷烃physiologist生理学家 per unit area单位面积plastic塑料 percent conversion百分比转化率plate tower 板式塔 installation 装置 feed 进料 perpendicular to：与----垂直polymers聚合物 Pharmaceutical制药power 动力 phosgene synthesis 光气合成.precipitate 沉淀物 plane chromatography薄层色谱precipitation沉淀，沉析 plant layout工厂布局pressure gradient plant location工厂选址probability of failure失效概率 pollutant 污染物process data historian：过程数据历史编撰师 poor conductor of electricity 不良导电体process engineering过程工程 porous medium 多孔介质process material过程物料(相对最终产品而言的） pretreatment 预处理process-simulation software packages过程模拟软件包 processcontrol（过程控制）product 产物，产品 production line生产线prosthetics假肢器官学 protein蛋白质psychology心理学 pyridine砒啶 purify 精制提纯qualitative定性的 quantitative precision定量的精确 quantitative relation 定量关系radiation 辐射 raffinate萃余液ratio of A to B A与B的比值 rate of diffusion扩散速率reactant 反应物 reaction 反应 separation 分离reaction byproduct 反应副产物 reaction yield反应产率reaction speed反应速度 reaction zone反应区reactive distillation 反应精馏 reactive distillation 反应精馏reactor energy input能量输入 recycle 循环回收reboiler再沸器 vaporization汽化 regression model回归模型.refix前缀 release释放，排放reflect 反射， replacement organ器官移植reflux回流 replication 复制 reforming重整 resistance 阻力regenerate再生 resistance 阻力，阻止replicating prefix重复前缀词 retention volume保留体积retention times保留时间 ring-shaped（环状的）Reynolds number雷诺准数 rules and regulations 规章制度reaction kinetics 反应动力学 reactant 反应物retardation factor保留因子，延迟因子safety experience安全经验 safety knowledge安全知识safety management support安全管理基础知识 safety shoe防护鞋sample样品 sandstone砂岩 sedimentary rock沉积岩 sanitation卫生segment段，片，区间，部门，部分；弓形，圆缺；分割，切断screening筛选，浮选sensor 传感器，探头 seepage渗出物 siltstone泥岩 self-taught自学size distribution 粒度分布 semiconductor 半导体sodium hydroxide 氢氧化钠 sensible heat（sensible heat：显热）solubility，溶解度，溶解性 separation of solids 固体分离solute溶质 settling tank沉降槽 solution溶液 setup 装置solvent make-up 补充溶剂 optimum 最优的 shape 形状solvent 溶剂 soap肥皂solvent-recovery system 溶剂回收系统 solid state physics固体物理学stage-type distillation column级板式精馏塔 soluble可溶解的 solvent溶剂statistical technique 统计技术 specialized group专业组storage仓库 specialty chemical特殊化学品，特种化学品stripping section汽提段,提馏段 spinning electrons 旋转电子structural steels 结构钢 spray chamber 喷淋室substituent取代基 stationary nonvolatile phase静止的不挥发相substitute取代，替代 steam蒸汽suffix后缀 stereoselective立体选择性的surface layer 表面层 straight line：直线surface treatment表面处理 streptomycin（链霉素）surgeon外科医生 styrene苯乙烯suspension 悬浮液 sublime升华supportive or substitute organ辅助或替代器官 synthetic rubber合成橡胶tanker油轮 kerosene煤油 tarry柏油的，焦油的，焦油状的technical competence技术能力 tangible return有形回报terminology术语，词汇 tar sand沥青石thermal conductivity 导热性 technical advance 技术进步thermal diffusion热扩散 technical challenge技术挑战，技术困难total condense全凝器 technical evaluation技术评估tower shell 塔体 Telecommunication 电信toxic有毒的 temperature gradient 温度梯度transport of momentum 动量传递 temperature gradient 温度梯度tray 塔板 temperature level 温度高低turbulent flow 湍流 test mixture测试混合物two-film theory 双膜理论 the Chemical Manufacturers Association化工生产协会two-phase flow两相流 the random motion of molecules 分子无规则运动thermal conduction 热传导 thermodynamic equilibrium热力学平衡 tonnage吨位，吨数，吨产量 top 顶部，塔顶trap 收集，捕集 triple bond三健，三价unconverted reactant未转化的反应物 unabsorbed component未吸收组分 purity纯度urea尿素vacant atomic site 原子空位 vacuum drying真空干燥vapor-liquid contacting device汽液接触装置 Vacuum 真空viscous resistance粘性阻力 valve tray浮阀塔板volatility挥发性 vapor pressure蒸汽压voluntary自愿的，无偿的，义务的；有意的，随意的；民办的 via经，由，通过，借助于 viscosity 黏度waste 废物 wastewater treatment污水处理 waste disposal废物处理water droplet水珠，水滴 water purification水净化wax石蜡 weir溢流堰 with the result that：由于的缘故，鉴于的结果water-cooling tower水冷塔yield 产率，收率。

工程常用专业英语

平整度
flatness
同心度
concentricity
同轴度
axiality
平行度
parallelism
圆度
roundness
平面度
planeness
随机的
random
不平
uneven
空心
hollow
同心
concentricity
偏心
eccentric
表面粗糙度
surface roughness
尺寸公差
基准
datum
水平基准线
horizontal reference line
精度
accuracy
余量
allowance
组件
assemble
分装件
subassemble
包装
package
外协件
cooperation
外购件
purchase part
备件
spare part
裸装件
nudes
散装件
odd lot, odds & ends
清除
decontaminate
失败，故障
failure
断裂
fracture
塌陷，凹陷
collapse
中断
discontinuity
裂缝
crack
发裂
flaw
龟裂
fissure
毛细裂纹
capillary crack
起始裂纹
incipient crack
断层裂纹
fault fissure
积水
stagnant water
保证
assure

SMT控制计划中英文

PartNumber/L atest Change LevelCore TeamCustomer Engineering Approval/Dat e (If Req'd.)PartName/De scriptionSupplier/Plant Approval/DateCustomer QualityApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)Supplier/P lantSupplier Code Other Approval/Date (If Req'd.)OtherApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)MACHINE,PART/DEVICE,SPECIAL PROCESS JIG,TOOLS,CHAR.SAMPLENUMBER FOR MFG.NO .CLASS (流程编号）（机器/设备/工装夹具）（特殊特性）EDS3000D （ROHS 测试仪）ROHS ▽S lead-free (无铅）ROHS inspection （进行ROHS 检测）5pcsEvery Lot （每批）ROHS report from vendor IQA ROHS test report （供应商提供的ROHS 报告 & IQA ROHS 检测报告）separate the defect Lot/inform supplierCaliper （游标卡尺）PCB Dimension （PCB 的尺寸）▽Key dimension （关键尺寸):1.1.651+/-0.100mm2. 1.778+/-0.100mm3. 3.175+/-0.100mm4.0.508+/-0.050mmMeasurement Visual Inspection CPK Report fromVendor（查看供应商提供的CPK 报告）5pcsEvery Lot （每批）IQA test dataInspection criteria status CPK Report from Vendor （IQA 检测报告 & 供应商提供的CPK 报告）separate the defect Lot/inform supplierPCB material （PCB 的材质）FR-4-86material report fromvendor（查看供应提供的材质报告）onceEvery Lot （每批） PCB material report （PCB 材质报告）separate the defect Lot/inform supplierAppearance (PCB 的外观）According to IPC-A-610E inspection standard（根据IPC-A-610E 检验标准）Visual Inspection （目视检验）5pcsEvery Lot （每批）IQA inspection report （IQA 检测报告）separate the defect Lot/inform SQE disposal PCB Validity （PCB 的有效期）one year (一年）Visual Inspection （目视检验）100%Every Lot （每批）IQA inspection report （IQA 检测报告）separate the defect Lot/inform SQE disposal Appearance （外观）Visual Inspection （目视检验）5pcsEvery Lot （每批）IQA inspection report （IQA 检测报告）separate the defect Lot/inform SQE disposal Caliper (游标卡尺） Dimension （尺寸）Caliper (游标卡尺）5pcsEvery Lot （每批）IQA inspection report （IQA 检测报告）separate the defect Lot/inform SQE disposal LCR meter （LCR 测试仪）Characteristic Value （特性值）LCR meter （LCR 测试仪）5pcsEvery Lot （每批）IQA inspection report （IQA 检测报告）separate the defect Lot/inform SQE disposalCaliper (游标卡尺）Dimension （尺寸）Key dimension（关键尺寸，参考CER ）:1. 21.1+/-0.2mm2. 8.0+/-0.2mm Caliper (游标卡尺）5pcsEvery Lot （每批）IQA inspection report （IQA 检测报告）separate the defect Lot/inform SQE disposalAppearance （外观）According to IQA inspectionstandard根据IQA 的来料检验标准Visual Inspection （目视检验）5pcsEvery Lot （每批）IQA inspection report （IQA 检测报告）separate the defect Lot/inform SQE disposalStep 1Incoming Inspection （来料检验）Connector （连接器）PCB materials （PCB 物料）Electron material(Resistance ,Capacitance,Inductance ) (电子物料：电阻，电容，电感）CONTROL METHOD（控制方法）SIZE （数量）FREQ （频率）CHARACTERISTICS（特性）METHODSPart NumberReference DesignationProduct（产品特性/参考设计图纸）PROCESS NAME/（流程名称/描述）OPERATION DESCRIPTION PROCESS （过程特性）EVALUATION MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE （评估测量的方法）REACTION PLAN （反应计划）PRODUCTPROCESS SPECIFICATIONTOLERANCE (mm)（产品&过程特性的规格要求）1.According to IQA inspection standard2.Supplier must provide COC to us by lot to make sure the autority channel.1.根据IQA 的来料检验标准2. 供应商必须提供COC 文件给到Ryder ，保证正规的供货渠道PartNumber/L atest Change LevelCore TeamCustomer Engineering Approval/Dat e (If Req'd.)PartName/De scriptionSupplier/Plant Approval/DateCustomer QualityApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)Supplier/P lantSupplier Code Other Approval/Date (If Req'd.)OtherApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)MACHINE,PART/DEVICE,SPECIAL PROCESS JIG,TOOLS,CHAR.SAMPLENUMBER FOR MFG.NO .CLASS (流程编号）（机器/设备/工装夹具）（特殊特性）CONTROL METHOD（控制方法）SIZE （数量）FREQ （频率）CHARACTERISTICS（特性）METHODSPart NumberReference DesignationProduct（产品特性/参考设计图纸）PROCESS NAME/（流程名称/描述）OPERATION DESCRIPTION PROCESS （过程特性）EVALUATION MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE （评估测量的方法）REACTION PLAN （反应计划）PRODUCTPROCESS SPECIFICATIONTOLERANCE (mm)（产品&过程特性的规格要求）aph（温湿度计）(存储）（环境监督）PartNumber/L atest Change LevelCore TeamCustomer Engineering Approval/Dat e (If Req'd.)PartName/De scriptionSupplier/Plant Approval/DateCustomer QualityApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)Supplier/P lantSupplier Code Other Approval/Date (If Req'd.)OtherApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)MACHINE,PART/DEVICE,SPECIAL PROCESS JIG,TOOLS,CHAR.SAMPLENUMBER FOR MFG.NO .CLASS (流程编号）（机器/设备/工装夹具）（特殊特性）CONTROL METHOD（控制方法）SIZE （数量）FREQ （频率）CHARACTERISTICS（特性）METHODSPart NumberReference DesignationProduct（产品特性/参考设计图纸）PROCESS NAME/（流程名称/描述）OPERATION DESCRIPTION PROCESS （过程特性）EVALUATION MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE （评估测量的方法）REACTION PLAN （反应计划）PRODUCTPROCESS SPECIFICATIONTOLERANCE (mm)（产品&过程特性的规格要求）PartNumber/L atest Change LevelCore TeamCustomer Engineering Approval/Dat e (If Req'd.)PartName/De scriptionSupplier/Plant Approval/DateCustomer QualityApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)Supplier/P lantSupplier Code Other Approval/Date (If Req'd.)OtherApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)MACHINE,PART/DEVICE,SPECIAL PROCESS JIG,TOOLS,CHAR.SAMPLENUMBER FOR MFG.NO .CLASS (流程编号）（机器/设备/工装夹具）（特殊特性）CONTROL METHOD（控制方法）SIZE （数量）FREQ （频率）CHARACTERISTICS（特性）METHODSPart NumberReference DesignationProduct（产品特性/参考设计图纸）PROCESS NAME/（流程名称/描述）OPERATION DESCRIPTION PROCESS （过程特性）EVALUATION MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE （评估测量的方法）REACTION PLAN （反应计划）PRODUCTPROCESS SPECIFICATIONTOLERANCE (mm)（产品&过程特性的规格要求）（存储）Loading （上板架）PartNumber/L atest Change LevelCore TeamCustomer Engineering Approval/Dat e (If Req'd.)PartName/De scriptionSupplier/Plant Approval/DateCustomer QualityApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)Supplier/P lantSupplier Code Other Approval/Date (If Req'd.)OtherApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)MACHINE,PART/DEVICE,SPECIAL PROCESS JIG,TOOLS,CHAR.SAMPLENUMBER FOR MFG.NO .CLASS (流程编号）（机器/设备/工装夹具）（特殊特性）CONTROL METHOD（控制方法）SIZE （数量）FREQ （频率）CHARACTERISTICS（特性）METHODSPart NumberReference DesignationProduct（产品特性/参考设计图纸）PROCESS NAME/（流程名称/描述）OPERATION DESCRIPTION PROCESS （过程特性）EVALUATION MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE （评估测量的方法）REACTION PLAN （反应计划）PRODUCTPROCESS SPECIFICATIONTOLERANCE (mm)（产品&过程特性的规格要求）PartNumber/L atest Change LevelCore TeamCustomer Engineering Approval/Dat e (If Req'd.)PartName/De scriptionSupplier/Plant Approval/DateCustomer QualityApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)Supplier/P lantSupplier Code Other Approval/Date (If Req'd.)OtherApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)MACHINE,PART/DEVICE,SPECIAL PROCESS JIG,TOOLS,CHAR.SAMPLENUMBER FOR MFG.NO .CLASS (流程编号）（机器/设备/工装夹具）（特殊特性）CONTROL METHOD（控制方法）SIZE （数量）FREQ （频率）CHARACTERISTICS（特性）METHODSPart NumberReference DesignationProduct（产品特性/参考设计图纸）PROCESS NAME/（流程名称/描述）OPERATION DESCRIPTION PROCESS （过程特性）EVALUATION MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE （评估测量的方法）REACTION PLAN （反应计划）PRODUCTPROCESS SPECIFICATIONTOLERANCE (mm)（产品&过程特性的规格要求）（印刷BOT 面，Line2)PartNumber/L atest Change LevelCore TeamCustomer Engineering Approval/Dat e (If Req'd.)PartName/De scriptionSupplier/Plant Approval/DateCustomer QualityApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)Supplier/P lantSupplier Code Other Approval/Date (If Req'd.)OtherApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)MACHINE,PART/DEVICE,SPECIAL PROCESS JIG,TOOLS,CHAR.SAMPLENUMBER FOR MFG.NO .CLASS (流程编号）（机器/设备/工装夹具）（特殊特性）CONTROL METHOD（控制方法）SIZE （数量）FREQ （频率）CHARACTERISTICS（特性）METHODSPart NumberReference DesignationProduct（产品特性/参考设计图纸）PROCESS NAME/（流程名称/描述）OPERATION DESCRIPTION PROCESS （过程特性）EVALUATION MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE （评估测量的方法）REACTION PLAN （反应计划）PRODUCTPROCESS SPECIFICATIONTOLERANCE (mm)（产品&过程特性的规格要求）Step 6Print(BOT)Line2PartNumber/L atest Change LevelCore TeamCustomer Engineering Approval/Dat e (If Req'd.)PartName/De scriptionSupplier/Plant Approval/DateCustomer QualityApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)Supplier/P lantSupplier Code Other Approval/Date (If Req'd.)OtherApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)MACHINE,PART/DEVICE,SPECIAL PROCESS JIG,TOOLS,CHAR.SAMPLENUMBER FOR MFG.NO .CLASS (流程编号）（机器/设备/工装夹具）（特殊特性）CONTROL METHOD（控制方法）SIZE （数量）FREQ （频率）CHARACTERISTICS（特性）METHODSPart NumberReference DesignationProduct（产品特性/参考设计图纸）PROCESS NAME/（流程名称/描述）OPERATION DESCRIPTION PROCESS （过程特性）EVALUATION MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE （评估测量的方法）REACTION PLAN （反应计划）PRODUCTPROCESS SPECIFICATIONTOLERANCE (mm)（产品&过程特性的规格要求）面，Line4）PartNumber/L atest Change LevelCore TeamCustomer Engineering Approval/Dat e (If Req'd.)PartName/De scriptionSupplier/Plant Approval/DateCustomer QualityApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)Supplier/P lantSupplier Code Other Approval/Date (If Req'd.)OtherApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)MACHINE,PART/DEVICE,SPECIAL PROCESS JIG,TOOLS,CHAR.SAMPLENUMBER FOR MFG.NO .CLASS (流程编号）（机器/设备/工装夹具）（特殊特性）CONTROL METHOD（控制方法）SIZE （数量）FREQ （频率）CHARACTERISTICS（特性）METHODSPart NumberReference DesignationProduct（产品特性/参考设计图纸）PROCESS NAME/（流程名称/描述）OPERATION DESCRIPTION PROCESS （过程特性）EVALUATION MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE （评估测量的方法）REACTION PLAN （反应计划）PRODUCTPROCESS SPECIFICATIONTOLERANCE (mm)（产品&过程特性的规格要求）Step8Print(TOP)Line4（印刷TOPPartNumber/L atest Change LevelCore TeamCustomer Engineering Approval/Dat e (If Req'd.)PartName/De scriptionSupplier/Plant Approval/DateCustomer QualityApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)Supplier/P lantSupplier Code Other Approval/Date (If Req'd.)OtherApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)MACHINE,PART/DEVICE,SPECIAL PROCESS JIG,TOOLS,CHAR.SAMPLENUMBER FOR MFG.NO .CLASS (流程编号）（机器/设备/工装夹具）（特殊特性）CONTROL METHOD（控制方法）SIZE （数量）FREQ （频率）CHARACTERISTICS（特性）METHODSPart NumberReference DesignationProduct（产品特性/参考设计图纸）PROCESS NAME/（流程名称/描述）OPERATION DESCRIPTION PROCESS （过程特性）EVALUATION MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE （评估测量的方法）REACTION PLAN （反应计划）PRODUCTPROCESS SPECIFICATIONTOLERANCE (mm)（产品&过程特性的规格要求）reflow （回流炉之前检验）PartNumber/L atest Change LevelCore TeamCustomer Engineering Approval/Dat e (If Req'd.)PartName/De scriptionSupplier/Plant Approval/DateCustomer QualityApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)Supplier/P lantSupplier Code Other Approval/Date (If Req'd.)OtherApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)MACHINE,PART/DEVICE,SPECIAL PROCESS JIG,TOOLS,CHAR.SAMPLENUMBER FOR MFG.NO .CLASS (流程编号）（机器/设备/工装夹具）（特殊特性）CONTROL METHOD（控制方法）SIZE （数量）FREQ （频率）CHARACTERISTICS（特性）METHODSPart NumberReference DesignationProduct（产品特性/参考设计图纸）PROCESS NAME/（流程名称/描述）OPERATION DESCRIPTION PROCESS （过程特性）EVALUATION MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE （评估测量的方法）REACTION PLAN （反应计划）PRODUCTPROCESS SPECIFICATIONTOLERANCE (mm)（产品&过程特性的规格要求）beforePartNumber/L atest Change LevelCore TeamCustomer Engineering Approval/Dat e (If Req'd.)PartName/De scriptionSupplier/Plant Approval/DateCustomer QualityApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)Supplier/P lantSupplier Code Other Approval/Date (If Req'd.)OtherApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)MACHINE,PART/DEVICE,SPECIAL PROCESS JIG,TOOLS,CHAR.SAMPLENUMBER FOR MFG.NO .CLASS (流程编号）（机器/设备/工装夹具）（特殊特性）CONTROL METHOD（控制方法）SIZE （数量）FREQ （频率）CHARACTERISTICS（特性）METHODSPart NumberReference DesignationProduct（产品特性/参考设计图纸）PROCESS NAME/（流程名称/描述）OPERATION DESCRIPTION PROCESS （过程特性）EVALUATION MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE （评估测量的方法）REACTION PLAN （反应计划）PRODUCTPROCESS SPECIFICATIONTOLERANCE (mm)（产品&过程特性的规格要求）PartNumber/L atest Change LevelCore TeamCustomer Engineering Approval/Dat e (If Req'd.)PartName/De scriptionSupplier/Plant Approval/DateCustomer QualityApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)Supplier/P lantSupplier Code Other Approval/Date (If Req'd.)OtherApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)MACHINE,PART/DEVICE,SPECIAL PROCESS JIG,TOOLS,CHAR.SAMPLENUMBER FOR MFG.NO .CLASS (流程编号）（机器/设备/工装夹具）（特殊特性）CONTROL METHOD（控制方法）SIZE （数量）FREQ （频率）CHARACTERISTICS（特性）METHODSPart NumberReference DesignationProduct（产品特性/参考设计图纸）PROCESS NAME/（流程名称/描述）OPERATION DESCRIPTION PROCESS （过程特性）EVALUATION MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE （评估测量的方法）REACTION PLAN （反应计划）PRODUCTPROCESS SPECIFICATIONTOLERANCE (mm)（产品&过程特性的规格要求）PartNumber/L atest Change LevelCore TeamCustomer Engineering Approval/Dat e (If Req'd.)PartName/De scriptionSupplier/Plant Approval/DateCustomer QualityApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)Supplier/P lantSupplier Code Other Approval/Date (If Req'd.)OtherApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)MACHINE,PART/DEVICE,SPECIAL PROCESS JIG,TOOLS,CHAR.SAMPLENUMBER FOR MFG.NO .CLASS (流程编号）（机器/设备/工装夹具）（特殊特性）CONTROL METHOD（控制方法）SIZE （数量）FREQ （频率）CHARACTERISTICS（特性）METHODSPart NumberReference DesignationProduct（产品特性/参考设计图纸）PROCESS NAME/（流程名称/描述）OPERATION DESCRIPTION PROCESS （过程特性）EVALUATION MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE （评估测量的方法）REACTION PLAN （反应计划）PRODUCTPROCESS SPECIFICATIONTOLERANCE (mm)（产品&过程特性的规格要求）PartNumber/L atest Change LevelCore TeamCustomer Engineering Approval/Dat e (If Req'd.)PartName/De scriptionSupplier/Plant Approval/DateCustomer QualityApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)Supplier/P lantSupplier Code Other Approval/Date (If Req'd.)OtherApproval/Dat e (If Req'd.)MACHINE,PART/DEVICE,SPECIAL PROCESS JIG,TOOLS,CHAR.SAMPLENUMBER FOR MFG.NO .CLASS (流程编号）（机器/设备/工装夹具）（特殊特性）CONTROL METHOD（控制方法）SIZE （数量）FREQ （频率）CHARACTERISTICS（特性）METHODSPart NumberReference DesignationProduct（产品特性/参考设计图纸）PROCESS NAME/（流程名称/描述）OPERATION DESCRIPTION PROCESS （过程特性）EVALUATION MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE （评估测量的方法）REACTION PLAN （反应计划）PRODUCTPROCESS SPECIFICATIONTOLERANCE (mm)（产品&过程特性的规格要求）。

英语翻译资料

14.CPM：要径法（Critical PathMethod）15.CPM：每一百万个使用者会有几次抱怨（Complaintper Million）16.CRM：客户关系管理（CustomerRelationship Management）17.CRP：产能需求规划（CapacityRequirements Planning）18.CTO：客制化生产（ConfigurationTo Order）19.DBR：限制驱导式排程法（Drum-Buffer-Rope）20.DMT：成熟度验证（DesignMaturing Testing）21.DVT：设计验证（DesignVerification Testing）22.DRP：运销资源计划（DistributionResource Planning）23.DSS：决策支持系统（DecisionSupport System）24.EC：设计变更/工程变更（EngineerChange）26.ECRN：原件规格更改通知（EngineerChange Request Notice）28.EIS：主管决策系统（ExecutiveInformation System）29.EMC：电磁相容（ElectricMagnetic Capability）31.ERP：企业资源规划（EnterpriseResource Planning）32.FAE：应用工程师（FieldApplication Engineer）34.FMS：弹性制造系统（FlexibleManufacture System）35.FQC：成品质量管理（Finish orFinal Quality Control）36.IPQC: 制程质量管理（In-ProcessQuality Control）38.ISO：国际标准组织（InternationalOrganization for Standardization）39.ISAR：首批样品认可（InitialSample Approval Request）40.JIT：实时管理（Just In Time）41.KM：知识管理（KnowledgeManagement）42.L4L：逐批订购法（Lot-for-Lot）43.LTC：最小总成本法（Least TotalCost）44.LUC：最小单位成本（Least Unit Cost）45.MES：制造执行系统（ManufacturingExecution System）46.MO：制令（Manufacture Order）47.MPS：主生产排程（MasterProduction Schedule）48.MRO：请修（购）单（MaintenanceRepair Operation）49.MRP：物料需求规划（MaterialRequirement Planning）50.MRPII：制造资源计划（ManufacturingResource Planning）51.NFCF：更改预估量的通知Notice forChanging Forecast52.OEM：委托代工（OriginalEquipment Manufacture）53.ODM：委托设计与制造（OriginalDesign & Manufacture）55.OLTP：在线交易处理（On-LineTransaction Processing）56.OPT：最佳生产技术（OptimizedProduction Technology）58.PDCA：PDCA管理循环（Plan-Do-Check-Action）59.PDM：产品数据管理系统（ProductData Management）60.PERT：计划评核术（ProgramEvaluation and Review Technique）62.POH：预估在手量（Product onHand）66.QCC：品管圈（Quality ControlCircle）68.RCCP：粗略产能规划（Rough CutCapacity Planning）69.RMA：退货验收（ReturnedMaterial Approval）70.ROP：再订购点（Re-Order Point）71.SCM：供应链管理（Supply ChainManagement）72.SFC：现场控制（Shop FloorControl）73.SIS：策略信息系统（StrategicInformation System）74.SO：订单（Sales Order）75.SOR：特殊订单需求（Special OrderRequest）76.SPC：统计制程管制（StatisticProcess Control）77.TOC：限制理论（Theory ofConstraints）78.TPM：全面生产管理（TotalProduction Management）79.TQC：全面质量管理（Total QualityControl）80.TQM：全面品质管理（Total QualityManagement）81.WIP：在制品（Work In Process）质量必背——部门篇QS:Quality system品质系统CS:Coutomer Sevice 客户服务QC:Quality control品质管理IQC:Incoming quality control 进料检验LQC:Line Quality Control 生产线品质控制IPQC:In process quality control 制程检验FQC:Final quality control 最终检验OQC:Outgoing quality control 出货检验QA:Quality assurance 品质保证SQA:Source(supplier) Quality Assurance 供应商品质保证(VQA) CQA：Customer Quality Assurance客户质量保证PQA rocess Quality Assurance 制程品质保证QE:Quality engineer 品质工程CE:component engineering零件工程EE:equipment engineering设备工程ME:manufacturing engineering制造工程TE:testing engineering测试工程PPE roduct Engineer 产品工程IE:Industrial engineer 工业工程ADM: Administration Department行政部RMA:客户退回维修CSDI:检修PC:producing control生管MC:mater control物管GAD: General Affairs Dept总务部A/D: Accountant /Finance Dept会计LAB: Laboratory实验室DOE:实验设计HR:人资PMC:企划RD:研发W/H:仓库SI:客验PD: Product Department生产部PA:采购(PUR: Purchaing Dept)SMT:Surface mount technology 表面粘着技术MFG:Manufacturing 制造MIS:Management information system 资迅管理系统DCC:document control center 文件管制中心质量必背——场内作业QT:Quality target品质目标QP:Quality policy目标方针QI:Quality improvement品质改善CRITICAL DEFECT:严重缺点（CR）MAJOR DEFECT:主要缺点（MA）MINOR DEFECT:次要缺点（MI）MAX:Maximum最大值MIN:Minimum最小值DIA iameter直径DIM imension尺寸LCL:Lower control limit管制下限UCL:Upper control limit管制上限EMI:电磁干扰ESD:静电防护EPA:静电保护区域ECN:工程变更ECO:Engineering change order工程改动要求（客户）ECR:工程变更需求单CPI:Continuous Process Improvement 连续工序改善Compatibility：兼容性Marking：标记DWG rawing图面Standardization：标准化Consensus：一致Code：代码ZD:Zero defect零缺点Tolerance：公差Subject matter：主要事项Auditor：审核员BOM:Bill of material物料清单Rework：重工ID：identification识别,鉴别,证明PILOT RUN: (试投产)FAI:首件检查FPIR：First Piece Inspection Report首件检查报告FAA:首件确认SPC：统计制程管制CP: capability index（准确度）CPK: capability index of process(制程能力)PMP:制程管理计划（生产管制计划）MPI:制程分析DAS efects Analysis System 缺陷分析系统PPB：十亿分之一Flux：助焊剂P/N:料号L/N：Lot Number批号Version：版本Quantity：数量Valid date：有效日期MIL-STD：Military-Standard军用标准ICT: In Circuit Test (线路测试)ATE：Automatic Test Equipment自动测试设备MO: Manafacture Order生产单T/U: Touch Up (锡面修补)I/N:手插件P/T:初测F/T: Function Test (功能测试-终测)AS 组立P/K:包装TQM:Total quality control全面品质管理MDA:manufacturing defect analysis制程不良分析(ICT) RUN-IN:老化实验HI-pot：高压测试FMI：Frequency Modulation Inspect高频测试DPPM: Defect Part Per Million(不良率的一种表达方式：百万分之一) 1000PPM即为0.1%Corrective Action: (CAR改善对策)ACC：允收REJ:拒收S/S：Sample size抽样检验样本大小SI-SIV：Special I-Special IV特殊抽样水平等级CON：Concession / Waive特采ISO:国际标准化组织ISA：Industry Standard Architecture工业标准体制结构OBA:开箱稽核FIFO:先进先出PDCA:管理循环Plan do check action计划，执行，检查，总结WIP:在制品（半成品）S/O: Sales Order (业务订单)P/O: Purchase Order (采购订单)P/R: Purchase Request (请购单)AQL:acceptable quality level允收品质水准LQL;Limiting quality level最低品质水准QVL:qualified vendor list合格供应商名册AVL ：认可的供货商清单(Approved Vendor List) QCD: Quality cost delivery（品质，交期，成本）MPM:Manufacturing project management制造专案管理KPI:Key performance indicate重要绩效指标MVT:Manufacturing Verification Test制造验证试产Q/R/S：Quality/Reliability/Service质量/可靠度/服务STL:ship to line（料到上线）NTF:No trouble found误判CIP:capacity improvement plan（产能改善计划）MRB:material review board（物料审核小组）MRB:Material reject bill退货单JIT:just in time（即时管理）5S:seiri seiton seiso seiketsu shitsuke（整理，整顿，清扫，清洁，修养）SOP:standard operation process（标准作业程序）SIP:Specification inspection process制程检验规格TOP: Test Operation Process (测试作业流程)WI: working instruction（作业指导书）SMD:surface mounting device（表面粘着原件）FAR:failure aualysis report故障分析报告CAR:Corrective action report改善报告BPR：企业流程再造(Business Process Reengineering)ISAR ：首批样品认可(Initial Sample Approval Request)-JIT：实时管理(Just In Time)QCC ：品管圈(Quality Control Circle)Engineering Department (工程部)TQEM: Total Quality Environment Management(全面品质环境管理) PD: Production Department (制造)LOG: Logistics (后勤支持)Shipping: (进出口)AOQ：Average Output Quality平均出货质量AOQL：Average Output Quality Level平均出货质量水平FMEA：failure model effectiveness analysis失效模式分析CRB: Change Review Board (工程变更会议)CSA：Customer Simulate Analysis客户模拟分析SQMS：Supplier Quality Management System供应商品质管理系统QIT: Quality Improvement Team 品质改善小组QIP：Quality Improvement Plan品质改善计划CIP：Continual Improvement Plan持续改善计划M.Q.F.S: Material Quality Feedback Sheet (来料品质回馈单) SCAR: Supplier Corrective Action Report (供货商改善对策报告)8D Sheet: 8 Disciplines sheet ( 8D单)PDCA：PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Action) (管理循环)MPQ: Material Packing Quantity (物料最小包装量)DSCN: Delivery Schedule Change Notice (交期变更通知) QAPS: Quality Assurance Process Sheet (品质工程表)DRP ：运销资源计划(Distribution Resource Planning)DSS：决策支持系统(Decision Support System)EC ：电子商务(Electronic Commerce)EDI ：电子资料交换(Electronic Data Interchange)EIS ：主管决策系统(Excutive Information System)ＥＲＰ：企业资源规划(Enterprise Resource Planning)FMS ：弹性制造系统(Flexible Manufacture System)KM ：知识管理(Knowledge Management)4L ：逐批订购法(Lot-for-Lot)LTC ：最小总成本法(Least Total Cost)LUC ：最小单位成本(Least Unit Cost)MES ：制造执行系统(Manufacturing Execution System) MPS ：主生产排程(Master Production Schedule)MRP ：物料需求规划(Material Requirement Planning) MRPⅡ：制造资源计划(Manufacturing Resource Planning) OEM ：委托代工(Original Equipment Manufacture) ODM ：委托设计与制造(Original Design & Manufacture) OLAP：线上分析处理(On-Line Analytical Processing) OLTP：线上交易处理(On-Line Transaction Processing) OPT ：最佳生产技术(Optimized Production Technology) PDCA：PDCA管理循环(Plan-Do-Check-Action)PDM：产品数据管理系统(Product Data Management)) RCCP：粗略产能规划(Rough Cut Capacity Planning) SCM ：供应链管理(Supply Chain Management)SFC ：现场控制(Shop Floor Control)TOC：限制理论(Theory of Constraints)TQC ：全面品质管制(Total Quality Control)FYI/R:for your information/reference仅供参考ASAP:尽快S/T:Standard time标准时间TPM:total production maintenance：全面生产保养ESD Wrist strap：静电环IT:information technology信息技术，资讯科学CEO：Chief Executive Officer执行总裁COO：Chief Operaring Officer首席业务总裁SWOT：Strength,Weakness,Opportunity,Threat优势﹐弱点﹐机会﹐威胁Competence：专业能力Communication：有效沟通Cooperation：统御融合Vibration Testing：振动测试IDP：Individual Development Plan个人发展计划MRP：Material Requirement Planning物料需求计划MAT'S：Material材料LRR：Lot Rejeet Rate批退率ATIN：Attention知会3C：Computer ,Communication , Consumer electronic消费性电子5W1H：When , Where , Who , What , Why , Ho5M: Man , Machine , Material , Method , Measurement人,机器,材料,方法,测量4MIE: Man,Material,Machine,Method,Environment人力,物力,财务,技术,时间(资源)7M1I: Manpower , Machine , Material , Method, Market , Management , Money , Information人力，机器，材料，方法, 市场，管理，资金，资讯Accuracy 准确度Action 行动Activity 活动Analysis Covariance 协方差分析Analysis of Variance 方差分析Approved 承认Attribute 计数值Average 平均数Balance sheet 资产负债对照表Binomial 二项分配Brainstorming Techniques 脑力风暴法Cause and Effect Matrix 因果图(鱼骨图)CL:Center Line 中心线Check Sheets 检查表Complaint 投诉Conformity 合格（符合）Control 控制Control chart 控制(管制)图Correction 纠正Correlation Methods 相关分析法CPI: continuouse Process Improvement 连续工序改善Cross Tabulation Tables 交叉表CS: Customer Sevice 客（户）服（务）中心DSA: Defects Analysis System 缺陷分析系统Data 数据Deion:品名DCC: Document Control Center 文控中心Decision 决策、判定Defects per unit 单位缺点数Deion 描述Device 装置Do 执行DOE: Design of Experiments 实验设计Element 元素Engineering recbnology 工程技Environmental 环境Equipment 设备Estimated accumulative frequency 计算估计累计数E Equipment Variation 设备变异External Failure 外部失效,外部缺陷FA: Failure Analysis 失效分析Fact control 事实管理Fatigue 疲劳FMEA: Failure Mode and Effect Analysis失效模式与效果分析FP First-Pass Yield （第一次通过）合格率FQA: Final Quality Assurance 最终品质保证FQC: Final Quality control 最终品质控制Gauge system 测量系统Grade 等级Histogram 直方图Improvement 改善Initial review 先期审查Inspection 检验Internal Failure 内部失效、内部缺陷IPQC: In Process Quality Control 制程品质控制IQC: Incomming Quality Control 来料品质控制IS International Organization for Standardization 国际标准化组织LCL: Lower Control limit 管制下限LQC: Line Quality Control 生产线品质控制LSL: Lower Size Limit 规格下限Machine 机械Manage 管理Materials 物料Measurement 测量Median 中位数MSA: Measurement System Analysis 测量系统分析Occurrence 发生率Operation Instruction 作业指导书Organization 组织Parto 柏拉图PPM arts per Million （百万分之）不良率Plan 计划Policy 方针Population 群体PQA: Process Quality Assurance 制程品质保证Practice 实务(践)Prevention 预防Probability 机率Probability density function 机率密度函数Procedure 流程Process 过程Process capability analysis 制程能力分析（图）Process control and Process capability制程管制与制程能力Product 产品Production 生产Projects 项目QA: Quality Assurance 品质保证QC: Quality Control 品质控制QE: Quality Engineering 品质工程QFD: Quality Function Desgin 品质机能展开(法)Quality 质量Quality manual 品质手册Quality policy 品质政策(质量方针)Random experiment 随机试验Random numbers 随机数R:Range 全距（极差）Reject 拒收Repair 返修Repeatusility 再现性Reproducibility 再生性Requirement 要求Responsibilities 职责Review 评审Reword 返工Rolled yield 直通率RPN: Risk Priority Number 风险系数Sample 抽样,样本Sample space 样本空间Sampling with replacement 放回抽样Sampling without replacement 不放回抽样Scatter diagram 散布图分析Scrap 报废Simple random sampling 简单随机取样Size 规格SL: Size Line 规格中心线Stratified random sampling 分层随机抽样SOP: Standard Operation Procedure 标准作业书SPC: Statistical Process Control 统计制程管制Specification 规范SQA: Source(Supplier) Quality Assurance 供货商品质保证Stage sampling 分段随机抽样Standard Deviation 标准差Sum of squares 平方和Taguchi-method 田口(试验)方法Theory 原理TQC: Total Quality Control 全面品质控制TQM: Total Quality Management 全面品质管理Traceablity 追溯UCL: Upper Control Limit 管制（控制）上限USL: Upper Size Limit 规格上限Validation 确认Variable 计量值Verification 验证Version 版本VOC: Voice of Customer 客户需求VOE: Voice of Engineer 工程需求Inventory stock report:庫存清单报告Sales order report:出货报告机载无线网络inflight wifi固定资产投资fixed-asset investment产业优势和市场优势industrial and market advantages人均可支配收入per capita disposable income婚前财产pre-marital property婚前协议prenuptial agreement /priːˈnʌpʃəl, -tʃəl/单身经济single economy便携式电子设备portable electronic devices (PED)自主品牌domestic-owned brands老字号time-honored brand“科教兴国”战略the strategy of reinvigorating the country through science and education网络教育webucation翻转课堂flipped classroom新兴技术emerging technologies数据化datamation城镇化率urbanization ratio科技前沿frontier trend in science and technology物流行业logistics industry网红经济internet celebrity economy 直播经济livestreaming economy智慧物流市场intelligent logistics market大众富裕阶层mass affluent class/stratum 小确幸small blessings技术故障technical glitch用户体验user experience明星主持人celebrity host直播答题livestreaming quiz奖金池prize pool直播答题livestreaming quiz老年保健品healthcare products targeting elderly people季节性流感病毒seasonal influenza virus抗病毒治疗antiviral treatment国家最高科学技术奖State Preeminent Science and Technology Award包船旅行travel in a chartered ship修复和维修项目a restoration and maintenance project健身休闲活动fitness and leisure activity退耕还林还草turning reclaimed farmland into forests and grasslands退牧还草turning grazing land into grasslands荒地复垦reclamation of barren land / ˌrɛkləˈmeɪʃən/耕地流失loss of arable land海洋生态系统marine ecosystem沿海栖息地coastal habitats人类命运共同体，顾名思义，就是每个民族、每个国家的前途命运都紧紧联系在一起，应该风雨同舟，荣辱与共，努力把我们生于斯、长于斯的这个星球建成一个和睦的大家庭，把世界各国人民对美好生活的向往变成现实。

液相色谱词汇中英文对照

液相色谱词汇中英文对照液相色谱词汇中英文对照高效毛细管电泳high—performance capillary electrophoresis归一化法normalization method毛细管等电聚焦capillary isoelectric focusing毛细管等速电泳isotachophoresis毛细管电色谱capillary electrochromatography毛细管电泳capillary electrophoresis毛细管电泳电喷雾质谱联用capillary electrophoresis – electr芯片电泳microchip electrophoresis色谱法chromatography色谱峰chromatographic peak色谱峰区域宽度peak width色谱富集过样samt injection of chromatography色谱工作站chromatographic working station色谱图chromatogram色谱仪chromatograph色谱柱chromatographic column色谱柱column色谱柱切换技术switching column technique毛细管超临界流体色谱法capillary supercritical fluid chromat…毛细管电泳基质辅助激光解吸电离质谱离线检测off—line capillar…毛细管电泳离子分析capillary ion analysis毛细管电泳免疫分析immunity analysis of capillary electropho…毛细管胶束电动色谱micellar electrokinetic chromatography毛细管凝胶电泳capillary gel electrophoresis毛细管凝胶柱capillary gel column毛细管亲和电泳affinity capillary electrophoresis毛细管区带电泳capillary zone electrophoresis毛细管有效长度the effective length of capillary electrophor…间接检测indirect detection间接荧光检测indirect fluorescence detection间接紫外检测indirect ultraviolet detection检测器detector检测器检测限detector detectability检测器灵敏度detector sensitivity检测器线性范围detector linear range阴离子交换剂anion exchanger阴离子交换色谱法anion exchange chromatography，AEC高速逆流色谱法high speed counter—current chromatography高温凝胶色谱法high temperature gel chromatography高效液相色谱-付里叶变换红外分析法high performance liquid ch…高效液相色谱法high performance liquid chromatography高效柱high performance column高压流通池技术high pressure flow cell technique高压输液泵high pressure pump高压梯度high-pressure gradient高压液相色谱法high pressure liquid chromatography阴离子交换树脂anion exchange resin荧光薄层板fluorescent thin layer plate荧光检测器fluorescence detector荧光色谱法fluorescence chromatography迎头色谱法frontal chromatography迎头色谱法frontal method硬(质）凝胶hard gel有机改进剂organic modifier有机相生物传感器Organic biosensor有效峰数effective peak number EPN有效理论塔板数number of effective theoretical plates有效塔板高度effective plate height有效淌度effective mobility淤浆填充法slurry packing method予柱pre-column在线电堆集on—line electrical stacking在柱电导率检测on-column electrical conductivity detection噪声noise噪信比noise –signal ratio增强紫外—可见吸收检测技术UV-visible absorption enhanced det…窄粒度分布narrow particle size distribution折射率检测器refractive index detector, RID真空脱气装置vacuum degasser阵列毛细管电泳capillary array electrophoresis蒸发光散射检测器evaporative light—scattering detector, ELSD整体性质检测器integral property detector正相高效液相色谱法normal phase high performance liquid chro…正相离子对色谱法normal phase ion—pair chromatography正相毛细管电色谱positive capillary electrokinetic chromatog…直接化学离子化direct chemical ionization GC—MS直接激光在柱吸收检测on-column direct laser detection纸色谱法paper chromatography置换色谱法displacement chromatography制备色谱preparative chromatography制备色谱仪preparative chromatograph制备柱preparation column智能色谱chromatography with artificial intelligence质量色谱mass chromatography质量型检测器mass detector质量型检测器mass flow rate sensitive detector中压液相色谱middle—pressure liquid chromatography重建色谱图reconstructive chromatogram重均分子量weight mean molecular weight轴向扩散longitudinal diffusion轴向吸收池absorption pool of axial direction轴向压缩柱axial compression column柱端电导率检测out-let end detection of electrical conductiv…柱负载能力column loadability柱后衍生化post-column derivatization柱老化condition （aging) of column柱流出物(column) effluent柱流失column bleeding柱内径column internal diameter柱前衍生化pro-column derivatization柱切换技术column switching technique柱清洗column cleaning柱容量column capacity柱入口压力column inlet pressure柱色谱法column chromatography柱上检测on—line detection柱渗透性column permeability柱寿命column life柱头进样column head sampling柱外效应extra-column effect柱温箱column oven柱效column efficiency柱压column pressure柱再生column regeneration柱中衍生化on-column derivatization注射泵syringe pump转化定量法trans-quantitative method紫外—可见光检测器ultraviolet visible detector，UV-Vis紫外吸收检测器ultraviolet absorption detector自动进样器automatic sampler自由溶液毛细管电泳free solution capillary electrophoresis总分离效能指标over—all resolution efficiency总交换容量total exchange capacity总渗透体积total osmotic volume纵向扩散longitudinal diffusion组合式仪器系统building block instrument最佳流速optimum flow rate最佳实际流速optimum practical flow rate最小检测量minimum detectable quantity最小检测浓度minimum detectable concentration萃取色谱法extraction chromatography脱气装置degasser外标法external standard method外梯度outside gradient网状结构reticular structure往复泵reciprocating pump往复式隔膜泵reciprocating diaphragm pump微分型检测器differential detector微孔树脂micro—reticular resin微库仑检测器micro coulometric detector微量进样针micro—syringe微量色谱法micro-chromatography微乳液电动色谱microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography微生物传感器Microbial sensor微生物显影bioautography微填充柱micro—packed column微吸附检测器micro adsorption detector微型柱micro-column涡流扩散eddy diffusion无机离子交换剂inorganic ion exchanger无胶筛分毛细管电泳non-gel capillary electrophoresis无孔单分散填料non-porous monodisperse packing无脉动色谱泵pulse—free chromatographic pump物理钝化法physical deactivation吸附等温线adsorption isotherm吸附剂adsorbing material吸附剂活性adsorbent activity吸附平衡常数adsorption equilibrium constant吸附溶剂强度参数adsorption solvent strength parameter吸附色谱法adsorption chromatography吸附型PLOT柱adsorption type porous—layer open tubular colum…吸附柱adsorption column吸光度比值法absorbance ratio method洗脱强度eluting power显色器color—developing sprayer限制扩散理论theory of restricted diffusion线速度linear velocity线性梯度linear gradient相比率phase ratio相对保留值relative retention value相对比移值relative Rf value相对挥发度relative volatility相对灵敏度relative sensitivity相对碳（重量)响应因子relative carbon response factor相对响应值relative response相对校正因子relative correction factor相交束激光诱导的热透镜测量heat lens detection of intersect …相似相溶原则rule of similarity响应时间response time响应值response小角激光散射光度计low-angle laser light scattering photomet…小内径毛细管柱Microbore column校正保留体积corrected retention volume校正曲线法calibration curve method校正因子correction factor旋转薄层法rotating thin layer chromatography旋转小室逆流色谱rotational little-chamber counter—current c…选择性检测器selective detector循环色谱法recycling chromatography压电晶体piezoelectric crystal压电免疫传感器Piezoelectric Immunosensor压电转换器piezoelectric transducer压力保护pressure protect压力上限pressure high limit压力梯度校正因子pressure gradient correction factor压力下限pressure low limit衍生化法derivatization method衍生化试剂derivatization reagent阳离子交换剂cation exchanger阳离子交换色谱法cation exchange chromatography，CEC氧化铝色谱法alumina chromatography样品环sample loop样品预处理sample pretreatment液-液分配色谱法liquid—liquid partition chromatography液—液色谱法liquid-liquid chromatography液滴逆流色谱drop counter-current chromatography液固色谱liquid—solid chromatography液晶固定相liquid crystal stationary phase液态离子交换剂liquid ion exchanger液相传质阻力resistance of liquid mass transfer液相色谱—傅里叶变换红外光谱联用liquid chromatography-FTIR 液相色谱-质谱分析法liquid chromatography—mass spectrometry 液相色谱-质谱仪liquid chromatography—mass spectrometer液相色谱法liquid chromatography液相载荷量liquid phase loading溶剂效率solvent efficiency溶解度参数solubility parameter溶液性能检测器solution property detector溶胀swelling溶质性质检测器solute property detector容量因子capacity factor渗透极限分子量permeation limit molecular weight生物色谱biological chromatography生物特异性柱biospecific column生物自显影法bioautography升温速率temperature rate湿法柱填充wet column packing十八烷基键合硅胶octadecyl silane石墨化碳黑graphitized carbon black示差折光检测器differential refraction detector试剂显色法reagent color—developing method手动进样器manual injector手性氨基酸衍生物GC固定相chiral amino aci d derivatives stat…手性拆分试剂chiral selectors手性固定相chiral stationary phase手性固定相拆分法chiral solid phase separation手性环糊精衍生物GC固定相chiral cyclodextrin der GC手性金属络合物GC固定相chirametal stationary phase in GC 手性流动相chiral mobile phase手性流动相拆分法chiral mobile phase separation手性色谱chiral chromatography手性试剂chiral reagent手性衍生化法chiral derivation method疏溶剂理论solvophobic theory疏溶剂色谱法solvophobic chromatography疏溶剂作用理论solvophobic interaction principle疏水作用色谱hydrophobic interaction chromatography树脂交换容量exchange capacity of resin数均分子量number mean molecular weight双保留机理dual reservation mechanism双活塞往复泵two-piston reciprocating pump双束差分检测器detector of dual—beam difference双柱色谱法dual column chromatography水凝胶hydragel水系凝胶色谱柱aqua—system gel column死区域dead zone死体积dead volume塔板理论方程plate theory equation碳分子筛carbon molecular sieve特殊选择固定液selective stationary phase梯度洗脱gradient elution梯度洗脱装置gradient elution device梯度液相色谱gradient liquid chromatography体积排斥理论size exclusion theory体积排斥色谱size exclusion chromatography体积色谱法volumetric chromatography填充柱packed column填料packing material停流进样stop-flow injection通用型检测器common detector涂层毛细管coated capillary拖尾峰tailing peak拖尾因子tailing factor流动分离理论separation by flow流动相mobile phase流动相梯度eluent gradient流体动力学进样hydrostatic pressure injection流体力学体积hydrodynamic volume流型扩散dispersion due to flow profile脉冲阻尼器pulse damper酶传感器Enzyme sensor酶联免疫传感器Enzyme linked immunosensor酶免疫分析enzyme immnunoassay内标法internal standard method内标物internal standard内梯度inside gradient逆流色谱法counter-current chromatography逆流色谱仪counter current chromatograph凝胶过滤色谱gel filtration chromatography凝胶内体积gel inner volume凝胶色谱法gel chromatography凝胶色谱仪gel chromatograph凝胶渗透色谱gel permeation chromatography凝胶外体积gel interstitial volume凝胶柱gel column浓度梯度成像检测器concentration gradient imaging detector 浓度型检测器concentration detector排斥极限分子量exclusion limit molecular weight排斥体积exclusion volume排阻薄层色谱法exclusion TLC漂移drift迁移时间migration time迁移时间窗口the window of migration time前延峰leading peak前沿色谱法frontal chromatography强碱性阴离子交换剂strong-base anion exchanger强酸性阳离子交换剂strongly acidic cation exchanger切换时间switching time去离子水deionized water全多孔硅胶macro—reticular silica gel全多孔型填料macro-reticular packing material全二维色谱Comprehensive two-dim ensional gas chromatography…全硅烷化去活complete silylanization deactivation溶剂强度solvent strength激光解吸质谱法laser desorption MS，LDMS激光色谱laser chromatography激光诱导光束干涉检测detection of laser—induced light beam I…激光诱导毛细管振动测量laser-reduced capillary vibration det…激光诱导荧光检测器laser—induced fluorescence detector记忆峰memory peak记忆效应memory effect夹层槽sandwich chamber假峰ghost peak间断洗脱色谱法interrupted-elution chromatography间接光度（检测）离子色谱法indirect photometric ion chromato…间接光度(检测）色谱法indirect photometric chromatography减压液相色谱vacuum liquid chromatography键合固定相bonded stationary phase键合型离子交换剂bonded ion exchanger焦耳热joule heating胶束薄层色谱法micellar thin layer chromatography胶束液相色谱法micellar liquid chromatography交联度crosslinking degree阶梯梯度stagewise gradient进样阀injection valve进样量sample size进样器injector聚苯乙烯PSDVB聚硅氧烷高温裂解去活high—temperature pyrolysis deactivation…聚合物基质离子交换剂polymer substrate ion exchanger绝对检测器absolute detector可见光检测器visible light detector可交换离子exchangable ion空间性谱带加宽band broadening in space空穴色谱法vacancy chromatography孔结构pore structure孔径pore diameter孔径分布pore size distribution控制单元control unit快速色谱法high-speed chromatography理论塔板高度height equivalent to a theoretical plate(HETP）理论塔板数number of theoretical plates峰面积peak area峰面积测量法measurement of peak area峰面积校正calibration of peak area峰容量peak capacity固定相stationary phase固定液stationary liquid固定液的相对极性relative polarity of stationary liquid固定液极性stationary liquid polarity固相扩散solid diffusion固相荧光免疫分析solid phase fluorescence immunoassay固有粘度intrinsic viscosity光散射检测器light scattering detector硅胶silica gel硅烷化法silanization硅烷化法silanizing硅烷化载体silanized support过压液相色谱法over pressured liquid chromatography,OPLC恒流泵constant flow pump恒温操作constant temperature method恒压泵constant pressure pump红色载体red support红外检测器infrared detector红外总吸光度重建色谱图total infrared absorbance reconstruct…化合物形成色谱compound-formation chromatography化学发光检测器chemiluminescence detector化学发光检测器Chemiluminescence detector，SCD化学键合固定相bonded stationary phase化学键合相色谱bonded phase chromatography化学色谱法chemi—chromatography环糊精电动色谱cyclodextrin electrokinetic chromatography环形展开比移值circular development Rf value环形展开法circular development缓冲溶液添加剂buffer additives辉光放电检测器glow discharge detector混合床离子交换固定相mixed—bed ion exchange stationary phase 混合床柱mixed bed column活塞泵piston pump活性activation活性硅胶activated silica gel活性氧化铝activated aluminium oxide基流background current or base current基线baseline基线宽度baseline width基质substrate materials基质隔离技术matrix isolation technique电歧视效应the effect of electrical discrimination电迁移进样electrophoretic injection电渗流electroendosmotic flow电渗流标记物electroendosmotic flow marker电渗流淌度electroendosmotic mobility电泳淌度electrophoretic mobility调整保留时间adjusted retention time调整保留体积adjusted retention volume叠加内标法added internal standard method二极管阵列检测器diode-array detector，DAD二维色谱法two—dimensional chromatography二元溶剂体系dual solvent system反冲洗back wash反吹技术back flushing technique反峰negative peak反离子counter ion反相高效液相色谱法reversed phas e high performance liquid ch…反相离子对色谱reversed phase ion pair chromatography反相离子对色谱法reversed phase ion—pair chromatography反相毛细管电色谱reverse capillary electrokinetic chromatogr…反相柱reversed phase column反应色谱reaction chromatography反圆心式展开anti-circular development反转电渗流reverse electroendosmotic flow范第姆特方程式van Deemter equation仿生传感器Biomimic electrode放射性检测器radioactivity detector放射自显影autoradiography非极性固定相non-polar stationary phase非极性键合相non-polar bonded phase非水系凝胶色谱柱non-aqua-system gel column非水相色谱nonaqueous phase chromatography非吸附性载体non—adsorptive support非线性分流non-linearity split stream非线性色谱non—linear chromatography非线性吸附等温线non—linear adsorption isotherm酚醛离子交换树脂phenolic ion exchange resin分离－反应－分离展开SRS development分离数separation number分离因子separation factor分离柱separation column分配等温线distribution isotherm分配色谱partition chromatography分配系数partition coefficient分析型色谱仪analytical type chromatograph分子扩散molecular diffusion封尾endcapping峰高peak heightpH梯度动态分离dynamic separation of the pH gradient pH值梯度洗脱pH gradient elutionZata电势Zata potentialZ形池Z-form pool氨基键合相amino—bonded phase氨基酸分析仪amino acid analyzer安培检测器ampere detector白色载体white support半微柱semimicro—column半制备柱semi-preparation column包覆型离子交换剂coated ion exchanger包覆型填料coated packing material保护柱guard column保留间隙retention gap保留时间retention time保留体积retention volume保留温度retention temperature保留值定性法retention qualitative method保留值沸点规律boiling point rule of retention保留值碳数规律carbon number rule of retention保留指数retention index保留指数定性法retention index qualitative method背景电导background conductance苯酚磺酸树脂phenol sulfonic acid resin苯乙烯styrene比保留体积specific retention volume比例阀proportional valve比渗透率specific permeability比移值Rf value便携式色谱仪portable chromatograph标准偏差standard deviation表观电泳淌度apparent electrophoretic mobility表观交换容量apparent exchange capacity表面电位检测器surface potential detector表面多孔硅胶superficially porous silica gel表面多孔填料superficially porous packing material表面多孔型离子交换剂superficially porous ion-exchanger玻璃球载体glass beads support不分流进样splitless sampling参比柱reference column场放大进样electrical field magnified injection场流分离field—flow fractionation场流分离仪field—flow fractionation场效应生物传感器Field effect transistor based Biosensor常压液相色谱法common-pressure liquid chromatography超声波脱气ultrasonic degas程序变流色谱法programmed flow (gas）chromatography程序升温进样programmed temperature sampling程序升温色谱法programmed temperature (gas）chromatography 程序升温蒸发器programmed temperature vaporizer ，PTV程序升压programmed pressure大孔树脂macro-reticular resin大孔填料macro—reticular packing material大内径毛细管柱Megaobore column单活塞往复泵single piston reciprocating pump单相色谱仪single phase chromatograph单向阀one—way valve单柱离子色谱法single column ion chromatography等度洗脱isocratic elution等离子体色谱法plasma chromatography等途电泳-毛细管区带电泳耦合进样isotachophoresis injection—c…低负荷柱low load column低容量柱low capacity column低压梯度low—pressure gradient低压液相色谱low—pressure liquid chromatography电导池conductance cell电导检测法conductance detection电荷转移分光光度法charge transfer spectrophotometry电化学检测器electrochemical detector电解抑制器electrolyze suppressor。

淘宝LED灯产品说明书

DATA SHEETIntroduction Performance Characteristics Mechanical Dimensions Characteristic Curves ReliabilityPacking Specification PrecautionP 2P 3P 5P 6P 9P 10P 11 CITILED COB SeriesHigh Intensity TypeRa90 Min. ModelCLU7A2-1201C9・Mechanical Dimensions :13.5 × 13.5 × 1.4 (mm)・Package Structure :Aluminum Base Chip on Board ・Reference Assembly :M3 screw, Connector ・CRI (Ra):90 Min.・Nominal CCT:2,700K, 3,000K, 4,000K ・Chromaticity Range:3-step Ellipse,the center refers to ANSI C78.377:2017.・Thermal Resistance : 3.0C/W ・Maximum drive current :300mA・RoHS compliant・Better die arrangement for optics・Wide range of luminous flux and high efficacy・Improved lumen density compared with previous version ・UL recognized component (E358566)1. Introduction1-1. Product Description1-2. FeaturesCLU7A2-1201C9-273H5R2[1][2][3][4][5][1]:[2]:[3]:[4]:[5]:Nominal CCT CRI (Ra)Product NomenclatureCLU7A212012700K 90 Min.Product shape Die count in series Die count in parallel CITIZEN ELECTRONICS was the first COB manufacturer.Our long-term advanced knowledge and packaging technique have enable us to provide products with excellent reliability and high quality.The High Intensity Ver.3 has been developed as a high performance product with high luminous flux through the full use of the CITIZEN ELECTRONICS' packaging techniques.We have added the new LES size of φ3.3mm and φ4.2mm to our product lineup, which makes it possible to realize narrower light distribution than before and as a result contribute to the downsizing of optical parts.The High Intensity Ver.3 offers an opportunity to develop compact and high performance truck light,downlight, lamp and other lighting products due to its high performance.2. Performance Characteristics2-1. Electro Optical Characteristics2-2. Absolute Maximum Ratings( Tj=85C )Ra R9Tc25C*Min.Min.Min.Typ.Typ.Typ.Min.Typ.Max.CLU7A2-1201C9-273H5R22700K 905055062567810017532.735.638.5 3.0CLU7A2-1201C9-303H5R23000K 905058066071610617532.735.638.5 3.0CLU7A2-1201C9-403H5R24000K905063071677711517532.735.638.53.0Notes :1. Citizen Electronics maintains a tolerance of ± 10% on luminous flux measurements.2. Citizen Electronics maintains a tolerance of ± 3% on forward voltage measurements.3. Citizen Electronics maintains a tolerance of ± 1 on Ra measurements. * : Values of Luminous flux at Tc=25C are provided as reference only.Product codeForward Current( mA )Thermal Resistance Rj-c ( C/W )CRI Nominal CCTLuminous flux( lm )Efficacy ( lm/W )Voltage ( V )Tj85CSymbol RatingPi 12.6*1If 300*1Ir 1Top -40 ~ +100Tst -40 ~ +100Tc 105*2Tj140*3*2. Refer to 3. Outline drawing for Tc measurement point.*3. D.C. Current : Tj = Tc + Rj-c × PiParameterInput Power (W)Forward Current (mA)Reverse Current (mA)Storage Temperature (C)Case Temperature (C)Junction Temperature (C)Operating Temperature (C)*1. Input power and forward current are the values when the LED is used within the range of the derating curve in this data sheet.2-3. Chromaticity Characteristics2,700K( 0.4578, 0.4101)3,000K ( 0.4339, 0.4033)4,000K( 0.3818, 0.3797)3-step ellipse* Color region stay within 3-step ellipse from the chromaticity center.* The chromaticity center refers to ANSI C78.377:2017.* θ is the angle between the major axis of the ellipse and the x-axis, and a and b are the major and minor semi-axes of an ellipse.( Rated current, Tj=85C )57.280.008340.0040853.170.007740.00411Color RegionNominal CCT Center Point ( x, y )Oval parameterMajor Axisa Minor Axisb E llipse Rotation Angleθ0.009390.0040254.00Note : Citizen Electronics maintains chromaticity ( x, y ) +/-0.0050.300.350.400.450.300.350.400.450.50yxx-y chart CIE19314,000K3,000K2,700KBlack Body Locus3-step3. Mechanical Dimensions・Internal Circuit12 S 01 P Protection deviceLED deviceCathodeAnodeUnit : mmTolerances unless otherwise specified : +/-0.3Marking 1 : Serial No.Marking 2 : Code No.CRI CCTDies count in parallel Dies count in seriesCLU7x2 seriesMarking 3 : Data MatrixAC 12 01 ** ** *4. Characteristic Curves4-1. Forward Current Characteristics / Temperature CharacteristicsForward Current vs. Forward VoltageForward Current vs. Relative Luminous FluxTc=25CTc=25CCase Temperature vs. Forward VoltageCase Temperature vs. Relative Luminous FluxIf=175mAIf=175mA32.034.036.038.040.0100200300400V f [V ]If [mA]0%50%100%150%200%0100200300400R e l a t i v e L u m i n o u s F l u x [a .u .]If [mA]34.035.036.037.038.020406080100120V f [V ]Tc [C]0%25%50%75%100%125%020406080100120R e l a t i v e L u m i n o u s F l u x [a .u .]Tc [C]4-2. Optical CharacteristicsTj=85CIf=175mASpectrum : CRI(Ra) 90 Min.0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%380430480530580630680730780R a d i a t i v e I n t e n s i t yWave length [nm]4,000K3,000K 2,700K4-2. Optical Characteristics (continued)4-3. Derating CharacteristicsRadiation Characteristic 0%20%40%60%80%100%XY80°70°60°50°40°30°20°10°-80°-70°-60°-50°-20°-30°-40°-10°90°-90°Case Temperaturevs. Allowable Forward Current50100150200250300350020406080100120I f [m A ]Tc [C]XYTest ItemTest ConditionIF=175mA , Ta= 25C (with Al-fin) ×1000hrs -40 C × 1000 hours -40 C × 30 minutes – 100 C × 30 minutes, 100 cyclesThermal Shock TestContinuous Operation Test High Temperature Storage TestLow Temperature Storage Test Moisture-proof Test IF=175mA ,Tj=140C (with Al-fin) ×1000hrs 100 C × 1000 hours 85 C, 85 %RH for 500 hours5. Reliability5-1. Reliability Test5-2. Failure Criteria( Tc=25C )U defines the upper limit of the specified characteristics. S defines the initial value.Note : Measurement shall be taken between 2 hours and 24 hours, and the test pieces should be return to the normal ambient conditions after the completion of each test.Total Luminous FluxΦvIf=175mA<S × 0.85Measuring Item Symbol Measuring ConditionFailure CriteriaForward Voltage Vf If=175mA >U × 1.11. TYPEe.g. CLU7A2-1201C92. P.No. ( Customer's P/N )3. Lot No.19Y 5035(b)(a) Last two digit of the year 19 : Year 2019(b) Production month Y : November Note: October, November and December are designated X,Y and Z.(c) CE's control number 4. Quantity(a)(c)Example of indication labele.g.6. Packing Specification6-1. PackingAn empty tray is placed on top of a 6-tier tray which contain 54 pieces each.( Smallest packing unit : 324 pieces )A label with product name, quantity and lot number is placed on the upper empty tray.Tray ( Dimensions: 310 x 210 x 12 mm / Materials: Electrically conductive PS ) CUSTOMERTYPE P.NO Lot No Q'ty: CLU***-******-******* : ****** : ******* : ***--- ( 1 ) --- ( 2 ) --- ( 3 ) --- ( 4 )Unit : mmProduct : 54 pcs/tray7. Precaution7-1. Handling with care for this product-Both the light emitting area and white rim around the light emitting area is composed of resin materials.Please avoid the resin area from being pressed, stressed, rubbed, come into contact with sharp metal nail(e.g. edge of reflector part) because the function, performance and reliability of this product are negatively impacted.-Please be aware that this product should not come into contact with any other parts while incorporating in your lightingapparatus or your other products.-Please be aware that careful handling is required after the attachment of lead wires to prevent the application of any loadto the connections.-For more information, please refer to application note "Instruction Manual(COB LED Package)".7-2. Countermeasure against static electricity-Handling of this product needs countermeasures against static electricity because this is a semiconductor product.-Please take adequate measures to prevent any static electricity being produced such as the wearing of a wristband oranti-static gloves when handling this product.-Every manufacturing facility in regard to the product (plant, equipment, machine, carrier machine and conveyance unit)should be connected to ground and please avoid the product to be electric-charged.-ESD sensitivity of this product is over 1000V (HBM, based on JEITA ED-4701/304).-After assembling the LEDs into your final product(s), it is recommended to check whether the assembled LEDs aredamaged by static electricity (electrical leak phenomenon) or not.-It is easy to find static damaged LED dies by a light-on test with the minimum current value.7-3. Caution of product assembly-Regarding this product assembling on the heat sink, it is recommended to use M3 screw.It might be good for screw tightening on the heat sink to do temporary tightening and final tightening.In addition, please don’t press with excess stress on the product.-The condition of the product assembling on the heat sink and the control of screw tightening torque needs to be optimized according to the specification of the heat sink.-Roughness, unevenness and burr of surface negatively impact thermal bonding between the product and heat sink andincrease heat thermal resistance between them.Confidence of thermally and mechanical coupling between the product and heat sink are confirmed by checkingthe mounting surface and measuring the case temperature of the product.-In order to reduce the thermal resistance at assembly, it might be good to use TIM (Thermal Interface Material) on whole contact surface of the product.In case of using thermal grease for the TIM, it might be good to apply uniformly on the contact surface of the product.In case of using thermal sheet for the TIM, it might be good to make sure that the product is NOT strained by stress when the screws are tightened for assembly.-For more information, please refer to application note "Instruction Manual(COB LED Package)".7-4. Thermal Design-The thermal design to draw heat away from the LED junction is most critical parameter for an LED illumination system. High operating temperatures at the LED junction adversely affect the performance of LED’s light output and lifetime. Therefore the LED junction temperature should not exceed the absolute maximum rating in LED illumination system. -The LED junction temperature while operation of LED illumination system depends upon thermal resistance of internal LED package (Rj-c), outer thermal resistances of LED package, power loss and ambient temperature. Please take both of the thermal design specifications and ambient temperature conditions into consideration for the setting of driving conditions.-For more information, please refer to application note "Thermal Management", "Instruction Manual(COB LED Package)".7-5. Driving Current-A constant current is recommended as an applying driving current to this product.In the case of constant voltage driving, please connect current-limiting resistor to each products in series and control the driving current to keep under the absolute maximum rating forward current value.-Electrical transient might apply excess voltage, excess current and reverse voltage to the product(s).They also affect negative impact on the product(s) therefore please make sure that no excess voltage, no excess current and no reverse voltage is applied to the product(s) when the LED driver is turn-on and/or turn-off.-For more information, please refer to application note "Driving", "Instruction Manual(COB LED Package)".7-6. Lighting at a minimum current value-A minimum current value of lighting of all dice is 15mA.When a minimum current is applied, LED dice may look different in their brightness due to the individual difference of the LED element, and it is not a failed product.7-7. Electrical Safety-This product is designed and produced according to IEC 62031:2008(IEC 62031:2008 LED modules for general lighting. Safety specification)-Dielectric voltage withstand test has been conducted on this product to see any failure after applyingvoltage between active pads and aluminum section of the product, and to pass at least 500V.-Considering conformity assessment for IEC62031:2008, almost all items of the specification depend uponyour final product of LED illumination system.Therefore, please confirm with your final product for electrical safety of your product.As well, the products comply with the criteria of IEC62031:2008 as single LED package.- A minimum current value of lighting of all dice is 5 mA. When a minimum current is applied, LED dice may look different in their brightness due tothe individual difference of the LED element, and it is not a failed product.7-8. Recommended soldering Condition (This product is not adaptable to reflow process.) -For manual solderingPlease use lead-free soldering.Soldering shall be implemented using a soldering bit at a temperature lower than 350C, and shall befinished within 3.5 seconds for one land.No external force shall be applied to resin part while soldering is implemented.Next process of soldering should be carried out after the product has return to ambient temperature.Contacts number of soldering bit should be within twice for each terminal.* Citizen Electronics cannot guarantee if usage exceeds these recommended conditions.Please use it after sufficient verification is carried out on your own risk if absolutely necessary.-For more information, please refer to application note "Instruction Manual(COB LED Package)".7-9. Eye Safety-The International Electrical Commission (IEC) published in 2006 IEC 62471”2006 Photobiological safety of lamps and lamp systems ” which includes LEDs within its scope.When sorting single LEDs according to IEC 62471, almost all white LEDs can be classifiedas belonging to either Exempt Group (no hazard) or Risk Group 1 (low risk).-However, Optical characteristics of LEDs such as radiant flux, spectrum and light distribution are factorsthat affect the risk group determination of the LED, and especially a high-power LED, that emits lightcontaining blue wavelengths,might have properties equivalent to those of Risk Group 2 (moderate risk).-Great care should be taken when directly viewing an LED that is driven at high current, has multipleuses as a module or when focusing the light with optical instruments, as these actions might greatlyincrease the hazard to your eyes.-It is recommended to regard the evaluation of stand-alone LED packages as a referenceand to evaluate your final product.7-10. This product is not designed for usage under the following conditions.If the product might be used under the following conditions, you shall evaluate its effect and appropriate them. In places where the product might:-directly and indirectly get wet due to rain and/or at place with the fear.-be damage by seawater and/or at place with the fear-be exposed to corrosive gas (such as Cl2, H2S, NH3, SOx, NOx and so on) and/or at place with the fear.-be exposed to dust, fluid or oil and/or at place with the fear.Precautions with regard to product use(1) This document is provided for reference purposes only so that CITIZEN ELECTRONICS' products are used as intended. CITIZEN ELECTRONICS neither makes warranties or representations with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the information contained in this document nor grants any license to any intellectual property rights or any other rights of CITIZEN ELECTRONICS or any third party with respect to the information in this document. Formal specifications must be exchanged and signed by both parties prior to mass production.(2) All information included in this document such as product data, diagrams, charts, is current as of the date this document is issued.Such information, however, is subject to change without any prior notice.(3) CITIZEN ELECTRONICS has used reasonable care in compiling the information included in this document, but CITIZEN ELECTRONICS assumes no liability whatsoever for any damages incurred as a result of errors or omissions in the information included in this document.(4) Absent a written signed agreement, except as provided in the relevant terms and conditions of sale for product, and to the maximum extent allowable by law, CITIZEN ELECTRONICS assumes no liability whatsoever, including without limitation, indirect, consequential, special, or incidental damages or loss, including without limitation, loss of profits, loss of opportunities, business interruption and loss of data, and disclaims any and all express or implied warranties and conditions related to sale, use of product, or information, including warranties or conditions of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, accuracy of information, or no infringement.(5) Though CITIZEN ELECTRONICS works continually to improve products' quality and reliability, products can malfunction or fail. Customers are responsible for complying with safety standards and for providing adequate designs and safeguards to minimize risk and avoid situations in which a malfunction or failure of a product could cause loss of human life, bodily injury or damage to property, including data loss or corruption. In addition, customers are also responsible for determining the appropriateness of use of any information contained in this document such as application cases not only by evaluating on their own but also by using the entire system. CITIZEN ELECTRONICS assumes no liability for customers' product design or applications.(6) The product is intended to be used for general electronic equipment such as general lighting, home appliances, and information-communication equipment. It is not designed or manufactured to be used for special application (e.g. automobiles, trains, ships, airplanes, spaceships, submarine repeaters, atomic energy control systems, traffic equipment, combustion equipment, life-support systems, and safety devices). We will not guarantee any application suitability for goods like those described above that require special quality and reliability. In cases where the product is used in special applications and it causes extensive property damage, threatens human life or damages the human body, we will not be held liable. The product is not in conformity to ISO/TS16949 (IATF16949) or intended to be used for in-vehicle application.(7) Do not reverse-engineer the product including disassemble or analyze without our approval.(8) Please contact CITIZEN ELECTRONICS' sales office if you have any questions regarding the information contained in this document, or if you have any other inquiries.is a trademark or a registered trademark of CITIZEN ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. JAPAN.。

质量工程师英语词汇汇总

质量工程师英语词汇汇总：Plan、Do、Check、Action 策划、实施、检查、处置：Production PartApproval Process生产件批准程序：Advanced ProductQuality Planning产品质量先期策划：Potential FailureMode and Effects Analysis 潜在失效模式及后果分析：Statistical ProcessControl统计过程控制：Measurement SystemAnalysis 测量系统控制：Control Plan 控制计划：Quality SystemAssessment 质量体系评定：Parts Per Million 每百万零件不合格数：Quality Manua质量手册：Quality Procedure质量程序文件/Quality Planning质量策划/Quality Plan 质量计划：机器能力指数：过程能力指数：Computer-AidedDesign 计算机辅助能力设计：Overall Equipment Effectiveness 设备总效率：Quality FunctionDeployment质量功能展开：First in, First out先进先出：Customer OrientedProcesses顾客导向过程：Time、Cost、Quality时间、成本、质量：Management Processes管理性过程：Support Processes支持性过程：Total QualityManagement全面质量管理：Product QualityAssurance产品质量保证（免检）：质量三步曲，质量计划－质量控制－质量改进：Quality AssuranceFile质量保证文件：Quality AssurancePlan质量保证计划：Process Flow Chart过程流程图：Quality ManagementSystems质量管理体系：Just In Time准时（交货）：EnterpriseRequirement Planning企业需求计划：Quality Control 质量控制：Quality Audit 质量审核/QalityAssurance 质量保证：In Come QualityControl 进货质量控制：In Process QualityControl 过程质量控制：Final QualityControl 成品质量控制：Out Quality Control 出货质量控制：Man、Machine、Material、Method、Environment人、机、料、法、环：Why、What、Who、When、Where、How 为何/做什么/谁做/时间/地点/如何做：Seiri、Seiton、Seiso、Seiketsu、Shitsuke、Safety 整理、整顿、清扫、清洁、素养、安全值：Total Record Injury（三种）可记录工伤值：精明原则，SpecificMeasurable Achievable Result Oriented Timed（具体的描述、可以测量的、可以通过努力实现的、有结果导向性的、有时间性的）——————企业常用英文缩写——————：5S管理：作业制成本制度（Activity-BasedCosting）：实施作业制预算制度（Activity-BasedBudgeting）：作业制成本管理（Activity-BaseManagement）：先进规画与排程系统（AdvancedPlanning and Scheduling）：应用程序服务供货商（ApplicationService Provider）：可承诺量（Available ToPromise）：认可的供货商清单（ApprovedVendor List）：物料清单（Bill OfMaterial）：企业流程再造（BusinessProcess Reengineering）：平衡记分卡（BalancedScoreCard）：计划生产（Build ToForecast）：订单生产（Build To Order）：要径法（Critical PathMethod）：每一百万个使用者会有几次抱怨（Complaintper Million）：客户关系管理（CustomerRelationship Management）：产能需求规划（CapacityRequirements Planning）：客制化生产（ConfigurationTo Order）：限制驱导式排程法（Drum-Buffer-Rope）：成熟度验证（DesignMaturing Testing）：设计验证（DesignVerification Testing）：运销资源计划（DistributionResource Planning）：决策支持系统（DecisionSupport System）：设计变更/工程变更（EngineerChange）：电子商务（ElectronicCommerce）：原件规格更改通知（EngineerChange Request Notice）：电子数据交换（ElectronicData Interchange）：主管决策系统（ExecutiveInformation System）：电磁相容（ElectricMagnetic Capability）：基本经济订购量（EconomicOrder Quantity）：企业资源规划（EnterpriseResource Planning）：应用工程师（FieldApplication Engineer）：预估（Forecast）：弹性制造系统（FlexibleManufacture System）：成品质量管理（Finish orFinal Quality Control）: 制程质量管理（In-ProcessQuality Control）：进料质量管理（IncomingQuality Control）：国际标准组织（InternationalOrganization for Standardization）：首批样品认可（InitialSample Approval Request）：实时管理（Just In Time）：知识管理（KnowledgeManagement）：逐批订购法（Lot-for-Lot）：最小总成本法（Least TotalCost）：最小单位成本（Least UnitCost）：制造执行系统（ManufacturingExecution System）：制令（Manufacture Order）：主生产排程（MasterProduction Schedule）：请修（购）单（MaintenanceRepair Operation）：物料需求规划（MaterialRequirement Planning）：制造资源计划（ManufacturingResource Planning）：更改预估量的通知Notice forChanging Forecast：委托代工（OriginalEquipment Manufacture）：委托设计与制造（OriginalDesign & Manufacture）：在线分析处理（On-LineAnalytical Processing）：在线交易处理（On-LineTransaction Processing）：最佳生产技术（OptimizedProduction Technology）：出货质量管理（Out-goingQuality Control）：PDCA管理循环（Plan-Do-Check-Action）：产品数据管理系统（ProductData Management）：计划评核术（ProgramEvaluation and Review Technique）：订单（Purchase Order）：预估在手量（Product onHand）：采购申请（PurchaseRequest）：品质保证（QualityAssurance）：质量管理（Quality Control）：品管圈（Quality ControlCircle）：品质工程（QualityEngineering）：粗略产能规划（Rough CutCapacity Planning）：退货验收（ReturnedMaterial Approval）：再订购点（Re-Order Point）：供应链管理（Supply ChainManagement）：现场控制（Shop FloorControl）：策略信息系统（StrategicInformation System）：订单（Sales Order）：特殊订单需求（Special OrderRequest）：统计制程管制（StatisticProcess Control）：限制理论（Theory ofConstraints）：全面生产管理（TotalProduction Management）：全面质量管理（Total QualityControl）：全面品质管理（Total QualityManagement）：在制品（Work In Process）——————部门名称的专有名词——————QS:Quality system品质系统CS:Coutomer Sevice 客户服务QC:Quality control品质管理IQC:Incoming quality control 进料检验LQC:Line Quality Control 生产线品质控制IPQC:In process quality control 制程检验FQC:Final quality control 最终检验OQC:Outgoing quality control 出货检验QA:Quality assurance 品质保证SQA:Source(supplier) Quality Assurance 供应商品质保证(VQA) CQA：Customer Quality Assurance客户质量保证PQA rocess Quality Assurance 制程品质保证QE:Quality engineer 品质工程CE:component engineering零件工程EE:equipment engineering设备工程ME:manufacturing engineering制造工程TE:testing engineering测试工程PPE roduct Engineer 产品工程IE:Industrial engineer 工业工程ADM: Administration Department行政部RMA:客户退回维修CSDI:检修PC:producing control生管MC:mater control物管GAD: General Affairs Dept总务部A/D: Accountant /Finance Dept会计LAB: Laboratory实验室DOE:实验设计HR:人资PMC:企划RD:研发W/H:仓库SI:客验PD: Product Department生产部PA:采购(PUR: Purchaing Dept)SMT:Surface mount technology 表面粘着技术MFG:Manufacturing 制造MIS:Management information system 资迅管理系统DCC:document control center 文件管制中心——————场内作业中的专有名词——————QT:Quality target品质目标QP:Quality policy目标方针QI:Quality improvement品质改善CRITICAL DEFECT:严重缺点（CR）MAJOR DEFECT:主要缺点（MA）MINOR DEFECT:次要缺点（MI）MAX:Maximum最大值MIN:Minimum最小值DIA iameter直径DIM imension尺寸LCL:Lower control limit管制下限UCL:Upper control limit管制上限EMI:电磁干扰ESD:静电防护EPA:静电保护区域ECN:工程变更ECO:Engineering change order工程改动要求（客户）ECR:工程变更需求单CPI:Continuous Process Improvement 连续工序改善Compatibility：兼容性Marking：标记DWG rawing图面Standardization：标准化Consensus：一致Code：代码ZD:Zero defect零缺点Tolerance：公差Subject matter：主要事项Auditor：审核员BOM:Bill of material物料清单Rework：重工ID：identification识别,鉴别,证明PILOT RUN: (试投产)FAI:首件检查FPIR：First Piece Inspection Report首件检查报告FAA:首件确认SPC：统计制程管制CP: capability index（准确度）CPK: capability index of process(制程能力)PMP:制程管理计划（生产管制计划）MPI:制程分析DAS efects Analysis System 缺陷分析系统PPB：十亿分之一Flux：助焊剂P/N:料号L/N：Lot Number批号Version：版本Quantity：数量Valid date：有效日期MIL-STD：Military-Standard军用标准ICT: In Circuit Test (线路测试)ATE：Automatic Test Equipment自动测试设备MO: Manafacture Order生产单T/U: Touch Up (锡面修补)I/N:手插件P/T:初测F/T: Function Test (功能测试-终测)AS 组立P/K:包装TQM:Total quality control全面品质管理MDA:manufacturing defect analysis制程不良分析(ICT) RUN-IN:老化实验HI-pot：高压测试FMI：Frequency Modulation Inspect高频测试DPPM: Defect Part Per Million(不良率的一种表达方式：百万分之一) 1000PPM即为% Corrective Action: (CAR改善对策)ACC：允收REJ:拒收S/S：Sample size抽样检验样本大小SI-SIV：Special I-Special IV特殊抽样水平等级CON：Concession / Waive特采ISO:国际标准化组织ISA：Industry Standard Architecture工业标准体制结构OBA:开箱稽核FIFO:先进先出PDCA:管理循环Plan do check action计划，执行，检查，总结WIP:在制品（半成品）S/O: Sales Order (业务订单)P/O: Purchase Order (采购订单)P/R: Purchase Request (请购单)AQL:acceptable quality level允收品质水准LQL;Limiting quality level最低品质水准QVL:qualified vendor list合格供应商名册AVL ：认可的供货商清单(Approved Vendor List) QCD: Quality cost delivery（品质，交期，成本）MPM:Manufacturing project management制造专案管理KPI:Key performance indicate重要绩效指标MVT:Manufacturing Verification Test制造验证试产Q/R/S：Quality/Reliability/Service质量/可靠度/服务STL:ship to line（料到上线）NTF:No trouble found误判CIP:capacity improvement plan（产能改善计划）MRB:material review board（物料审核小组）MRB:Material reject bill退货单JIT:just in time（即时管理）5S:seiri seiton seiso seiketsu shitsuke（整理，整顿，清扫，清洁，修养）SOP:standard operation process（标准作业程序）SIP:Specification inspection process制程检验规格TOP: Test Operation Process (测试作业流程)WI: working instruction（作业指导书）SMD:surface mounting device（表面粘着原件）FAR:failure aualysis report故障分析报告CAR:Corrective action report改善报告BPR：企业流程再造 (Business Process Reengineering)ISAR ：首批样品认可(Initial Sample Approval Request)-JIT：实时管理 (Just In Time)QCC ：品管圈 (Quality Control Circle)Engineering Department (工程部)TQEM: Total Quality Environment Management(全面品质环境管理)PD: Production Department (制造)LOG: Logistics (后勤支持)Shipping: (进出口)AOQ：Average Output Quality平均出货质量AOQL：Average Output Quality Level平均出货质量水平FMEA：failure model effectiveness analysis失效模式分析CRB: Change Review Board (工程变更会议)CSA：Customer Simulate Analysis客户模拟分析SQMS：Supplier Quality Management System供应商品质管理系统QIT: Quality Improvement Team 品质改善小组QIP：Quality Improvement Plan品质改善计划CIP：Continual Improvement Plan持续改善计划Material Quality Feedback Sheet (来料品质回馈单)SCAR: Supplier Corrective Action Report (供货商改善对策报告) 8D Sheet: 8 Disciplines sheet ( 8D单)PDCA：PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Action) (管理循环)MPQ: Material Packing Quantity (物料最小包装量)DSCN: Delivery Schedule Change Notice (交期变更通知) QAPS: Quality Assurance Process Sheet (品质工程表)DRP ：运销资源计划 (Distribution Resource Planning)DSS：决策支持系统 (Decision Support System)EC ：电子商务 (Electronic Commerce)EDI ：电子资料交换 (Electronic Data Interchange)EIS ：主管决策系统 (Excutive Information System)ＥＲＰ：企业资源规划 (Enterprise Resource Planning)FMS ：弹性制造系统 (Flexible Manufacture System)KM ：知识管理 (Knowledge Management)4L ：逐批订购法 (Lot-for-Lot)LTC ：最小总成本法 (Least Total Cost)LUC ：最小单位成本 (Least Unit Cost)MES ：制造执行系统 (Manufacturing Execution System) MPS ：主生产排程 (Master Production Schedule)MRP ：物料需求规划 (Material Requirement Planning) MRPⅡ：制造资源计划 (Manufacturing Resource Planning) OEM ：委托代工 (Original Equipment Manufacture)ODM ：委托设计与制造 (Original Design & Manufacture) OLAP：线上分析处理 (On-Line Analytical Processing) OLTP：线上交易处理 (On-Line Transaction Processing) OPT ：最佳生产技术 (Optimized Production Technology) PDCA：PDCA管理循环 (Plan-Do-Check-Action)PDM：产品数据管理系统 (Product Data Management)) RCCP：粗略产能规划 (Rough Cut Capacity Planning) SCM ：供应链管理 (Supply Chain Management)SFC ：现场控制 (Shop Floor Control)TOC：限制理论 (Theory of Constraints)TQC ：全面品质管制 (Total Quality Control)FYI/R:for your information/reference仅供参考ASAP:尽快S/T:Standard time标准时间TPM:total production maintenance：全面生产保养ESD Wrist strap：静电环IT:information technology信息技术，资讯科学CEO：Chief Executive Officer执行总裁COO：Chief Operaring Officer首席业务总裁SWOT：Strength,Weakness,Opportunity,Threat优势﹐弱点﹐机会﹐威胁Competence：专业能力Communication：有效沟通Cooperation：统御融合Vibration Testing：振动测试IDP：Individual Development Plan个人发展计划MRP：Material Requirement Planning物料需求计划MAT'S：Material材料LRR：Lot Rejeet Rate批退率ATIN：Attention知会3C：Computer ,Communication , Consumer electronic消费性电子5W1H：When , Where , Who , What , Why , Ho5M: Man , Machine , Material , Method , Measurement人,机器,材料,方法,测量4MIE: Man,Material,Machine,Method,Environment人力,物力,财务,技术,时间(资源)7M1I: Manpower , Machine , Material , Method, Market , Management , Money , Information人力，机器，材料，方法, 市场，管理，资金，资讯Accuracy 准确度Action 行动Activity 活动Analysis Covariance 协方差分析Analysis of Variance 方差分析Approved 承认Attribute 计数值Average 平均数Balance sheet 资产负债对照表Binomial 二项分配Brainstorming Techniques 脑力风暴法Cause and Effect Matrix 因果图(鱼骨图)CL:Center Line 中心线Check Sheets 检查表Complaint 投诉Conformity 合格（符合）Control 控制Control chart 控制(管制)图Correction 纠正Correlation Methods 相关分析法CPI: continuouse Process Improvement 连续工序改善Cross Tabulation Tables 交叉表CS: Customer Sevice 客（户）服（务）中心DSA: Defects Analysis System 缺陷分析系统Data 数据 Description:品名DCC: Document Control Center 文控中心Decision 决策、判定Defects per unit 单位缺点数Description 描述Device 装置Do 执行DOE: Design of Experiments 实验设计Element 元素Engineering recbnology 工程技Environmental 环境Equipment 设备Estimated accumulative frequency 计算估计累计数E Equipment Variation 设备变异External Failure 外部失效,外部缺陷FA: Failure Analysis 失效分析Fact control 事实管理Fatigue 疲劳FMEA: Failure Mode and Effect Analysis失效模式与效果分析FP First-Pass Yield （第一次通过）合格率FQA: Final Quality Assurance 最终品质保证FQC: Final Quality control 最终品质控制Gauge system 测量系统Grade 等级Histogram 直方图Improvement 改善Initial review 先期审查Inspection 检验Internal Failure 内部失效、内部缺陷IPQC: In Process Quality Control 制程品质控制IQC: Incomming Quality Control 来料品质控制IS International Organization for Standardization 国际标准化组织LCL: Lower Control limit 管制下限LQC: Line Quality Control 生产线品质控制LSL: Lower Size Limit 规格下限Machine 机械Manage 管理Materials 物料Measurement 测量Median 中位数MSA: Measurement System Analysis 测量系统分析Occurrence 发生率Operation Instruction 作业指导书Organization 组织Parto 柏拉图PPM arts per Million （百万分之）不良率Plan 计划Policy 方针Population 群体PQA: Process Quality Assurance 制程品质保证Practice 实务(践)Prevention 预防Probability 机率Probability density function 机率密度函数Procedure 流程Process 过程Process capability analysis 制程能力分析（图）Process control and Process capability制程管制与制程能力Product 产品Production 生产Projects 项目QA: Quality Assurance 品质保证QC: Quality Control 品质控制QE: Quality Engineering 品质工程QFD: Quality Function Desgin 品质机能展开(法)Quality 质量Quality manual 品质手册Quality policy 品质政策(质量方针)Random experiment 随机试验Random numbers 随机数R:Range 全距（极差）Reject 拒收Repair 返修Repeatusility 再现性Reproducibility 再生性Requirement 要求Responsibilities 职责Review 评审Reword 返工Rolled yield 直通率RPN: Risk Priority Number 风险系数Sample 抽样,样本Sample space 样本空间Sampling with replacement 放回抽样Sampling without replacement 不放回抽样Scatter diagram 散布图分析Scrap 报废Simple random sampling 简单随机取样Size 规格SL: Size Line 规格中心线Stratified random sampling 分层随机抽样SOP: Standard Operation Procedure 标准作业书SPC: Statistical Process Control 统计制程管制Specification 规范SQA: Source(Supplier) Quality Assurance 供货商品质保证Stage sampling 分段随机抽样Standard Deviation 标准差Sum of squares 平方和Taguchi-method 田口(试验)方法Theory 原理TQC: Total Quality Control 全面品质控制TQM: Total Quality Management 全面品质管理Traceablity 追溯Training 培训UCL: Upper Control Limit 管制（控制）上限USL: Upper Size Limit 规格上限Validation 确认Variable 计量值Verification 验证Version 版本VOC: Voice of Customer 客户需求VOE: Voice of Engineer 工程需求Inventory stock report:庫存清单报告Sales order report:出货报告。

物流专业英语包装

Text 1 Introduction of Packaging
【Para 5】Types of Packaging（包装类型） There are two basic kinds of packages: the
consumer package and the industrial package. The consumer package is also referred to as
Text 1 Introduction of Packaging
【Para 4】Packing（包装） Packing, the selection or tion of the
shipping container and the assembling of items or packages therein, includes any necessary blocking, bracing, or cushioning, weatherproofing, exterior strapping, and marking of shipping container for identification of contents.
Text 1 Introduction of Packaging
A second purpose is to make item look appealing to the buyer, especially through the use of appealing colors. In recent years, the significance of packing has been increasingly recognized, and today the widespread use of packing is truly a major competitive force in the struggle for markets. Sound packing will help promote the sales, while bad or insufficient packing affects sales. In practice, people are often confused with these words: package, packaging and packing.

大学英语三级B真题

大学英语三级(B)真题2021年06月Part ⅠListening ComprehensionDirections:This part is to test your listening ability. It consists of 4 sections.1、A. Let's have a break. B. This way, please. C. Don't mention it. D. No, thank you.2、A. On Monday. B. John Smith. C. Take it easy. D. It's too late.3、A. How do you do? B. It doesn't matter. C. Yes, please. D. Mind your step.4、A. I'm afraid not. B. Never mind. C. Hurry up. D. Have a good time.5、A. Go ahead, please. B. Yes, I am. C. I'd love to. D. He's from China.6、A. Oh, I see. B. Here it is. C. It's over there. D. Yes, of course.7、A. Go on, please. B. Two dollars. C. Sure, I will. D. Here you are. Section B8、A. About 150 years ago. B. About 120 years ago.C. About 115 years ago.D. About 100 years ago.9、A. Boring. B. Difficult.C. Interesting.D. Satisfactory.10、A. Its location. B. Its development.C. Its population.D. Its history.11、A. It is modem. B. It is crowded.C. It is small.D. It is quiet.12、A. She is in poor health. B. She failed a test.C. She hasn't enough money.D. She hasn't got any offer.13、A. Show his ID card. B. Fill in a form.C. Write a report.D. Pay some money.14、A. She has her leg broken. B. She fell from a bicycle.C. She feels a back pain.D. She has got a headache.Section C15、A. An apartment with a good view. B. An apartment of two-bedrooms.C. An apartment on the ground floor.D. An apartment with central heating.16、A. Near a subway station. B. Near a hotel.C. In the downtown.D. In the suburbs.17、A. To have better opportunities. B. To improve his skills.C. To work fewer hours.D. To get a higher salary.18、A. For six years. B. For five years.C. For three yearsD. For two years.19、A. A professor. B. A manager.C. An engineer.D. A designer.Section DFirst of all, on behalf of all the people from our company, I would like to say "Thank youfor 20 us to such a wonderful party". I think the music is 21 , the food and wine are very nice, and the people here are all very kind. Also we've enjoyed meeting and 22 you, sharing the comfortable time together. We have really enjoyed ourselves. I hope we will be able to maintain the 23 and make next year another great one together. Thank you again for the party. We've really had 24 .Part ⅡVocabulary and Structure25、It was not until yesterday ______ they decided to re-open the business talk.A. whenB. whichC. thatD. as26、We have to ______ the cost of setting up a new hospital in that area.A. work outB. put onC. fill upD. carry on27、We need to ______ an eye on all the activities to make sure that people stay safe.A. catchB. keepC. takeD. bring28、The local government has always placed a strong emphasis ______ education and vocational training.A. withB. forC. onD. to29、Don't take the wrong turn before you ______ the railway station.A. haveB. runC. keepD. reach30、The team doesn't mind ______ at weekends as long as they can finish the task.A. workedB. workingC. to workD. work31、We are a non-profit company ______ team members are from all over the country.A. whoseB. thatC. whichD. what32、The meeting room is so small that it can hold 20 people ______.A. at lastB. at firstC. at mostD. at once33、She gave us a detailed ______ of the local government's new health-care proposal.A. impressionB. explanationC. educationD. communication34、Linda ______ her training in a joint company by the end of next month.A. finishesB. has finishedC. had finishedD. will have finished35、We were impressed by the (suggest) ______ you made at yesterday's meeting.36、The (long) ______ Charles has lived in this city, the more he likes it.37、If you want to learn some terms related to your field, you will find this book might be (help) ______.38、No one is allowed (smoke) ______ in public buildings according to the new regulation.39、The new president (ask) ______ some tough questions by the reporter in the interview yesterday.Part ⅢReading ComprehensionDirections:This part is to test your reading ability. There are 5 tasks for you to fulfill. You should read the reading materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.Notice of Baggage Inspection (检查)To protect you and your fellow passengers, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA. is required by law to inspect all checked baggage. As part of this process, some bags are opened and inspected. Your bag was among those selected for inspection.During the inspection, your bag and its contents may have been searched for prohibited (违禁的) items. After the inspection was completed, the contents were returned to your bag.If the TSA security officer was unable to open your bag for inspection because it was locked, the officer may have been forced to break the locks on your bag. TSA sincerely regrets having to do this. However, TSA is not responsible for damage to your locks resulting from this necessary security measures.For packing tips and suggestions on how to secure your baggage during your next trip, please visit: .We appreciate your understanding and cooperation. If you have questions, comments, or concerns, please feel free to contact the TSA Contact Center.40、According to the passage, TSA is required to inspect your baggage ______.A. with your written permissionB. at the request of policeC. by airlinesD. by law41、According to the Notice, the purpose of the inspection is to ______.A. find all overweight baggageB. search for prohibited itemsC. charge customs dutiesD. check damaged items42、After the inspection, the contents in your bag would ______.A. be delivered to your addressB. be given to you in personC. be returned to your bagD. be kept at the airport43、If your bag is locked, the TSA security officer may have to ______.A. break the locksB. hand it over to policeC. give up the inspectionD. ask you to open the bag44、If the locks of your bag are damaged because of the inspection, TSA will ______.A. pay for the damageB. buy you a new lockC. not be responsible for itD. not inspect it in your next tripTask 2Directions:The following is a poster. After reading it, you will find 3 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 45 to 47. For each question or statement, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. You should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Notes: docent (博物馆等场所的)讲解员45、How long does the docent training program last?A. Four weeks.B. Six weeks.C. Eight weeks.D. Ten weeks.46、To apply for the program, you should ______.A. first download an application formB. be good at working with animalsC. be an experienced public speakerD. first pay a visit to the lab47、To attend the program, you must be at least ______.A. 14 years oldB. 16 years oldC. 18 years oldD. 20 years oldTask 3Directions:The following passage is about a survey conducted by Corvallis Clinic. After reading it, you should complete the information by filling in the blanks marked 48 to 52 (in no more than 3 words) in the table below. You should write your answers on the Answer Sheet correspondingly.Thank you for selecting the Corvallis Clinic (诊所) for your recent healthcare needs. To continue delivering the highest possible level of service, we survey our patients to learn about their experiences at our clinic. The comments and suggestions you provide about your visit will help us evaluate (评价) our services and improve our care.This survey takes only a few minutes to complete. Your comments and suggestions are very important to us, and they will be kept confidential (保密). A postage-paid reply envelope is enclosed for your convenience. If you have any questions about this survey, please call our Service Center at 541-754-1374.Thank you for helping us as we continually try our best to improve the quality of medical care. Please drop your completed survey in the mail as soon as possible.Patients' SurveySurvey conducted by: Corvallis ClinicAim of the survey: to deliver the highest possible level of serviceValues of patients comments and suggestions:1) helping to evaluate the clinic's 48 ;2) helping to improve the clinic's 49Promise by the clinic: comments and suggestions to be kept 50Enclosure: a 51 reply envelopeContact: to call Service Center at 52Task 4Directions:The following is a list of terms used in Safety Management. After reading it, you are required to find the items equivalent to those given in Chinese in the table below. Then you should mark the corresponding letters in order of the numbered blanks, 53 through 57, on the Answer Sheet.A—Warning equipment B—Accident managementC—Protection measures D—Risk assessmentE—Administrative controls F—Detection techniqueG—Failure analysis H—Responsible personI—Harmful substances J—Protection devicesK—Accident statistics L—Safety standardsM—Accident prevention N—Monitoring systemO—Special operation P—Medical aidQ—Emergency rescue53、______事故统计 ______检测技术54、______报警设备 ______医疗救护55、______有害物质 ______管理控制56、______保护措施 ______责任人57、______特殊作业 ______失效分析Task 5Directions:Read the following passage. After reading it, you are required to complete the answers that follow the questions (No. 58 to No. 62). You should write your answers (in no more than 3 words) on the Answer Sheet correspondingly.ITaP Instructional Lab Etiquette (守那么)* This lab is a study zone—please limit your noise. Cell phones and other electronic communication devices should be turned off while inside the lab.* Group studying—limit group studying to non-busy times. Give chairs to others so they can use available computers.* Log off from your computer—workstations left idle (空闲状态的) for more than 10 minutes will be reset to the log-in screen.* Printouts are limited to 10-minute printing time—break large print jobs into smaller print jobs.* Customer's forms or paper are not permitted in ITaP printers—this can damage the printers,* Computers are available on a first-come-first-serve basis only during computer lab hours of operation and when no classes are scheduled in the room.58、What should you do with your cell phones while you are inside the lab?You should ______ your cell phones.59、When can you do your group studying in the lab?At ______ times.60、Why should you break large print jobs into smaller ones?Because printouts are limited to ______ printing time.61、Why are the customer's forms or paper not permitted in ITaP printers?They can ______.62、When can you use the computers in the lab?During the lab hours of ______ with no classes scheduled.Part ⅣTranslationDirections:This part, numbered 63 to 67, is to test your ability to translate English into Chinese. Each of the four sentences (No. 63 to No. 66) is followed by three choices of suggested translation marked A, B, and C. Make the best choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. And then write your translation of the paragraph (No. 67) in the corresponding space on the Translation/Composition Sheet.63、The healthcare and social assistant sector will account for almost a third of the job growth from 2021 to 2022.A. 从2021年至2022年，从事医疗保健工作的员工将占社会救助业的三分之一。

工艺用专用英语(中英对照)

工艺英语〔中英文〕项目建议资格qualification预备资格prequalification商务条款与条件commercial terms and condition 商务commercial技术technical技术说明technical specification建议书proposal book资料费information price估价estimated price报价quoted price报价书quotation2报价资料工艺说明process descri ption工艺特点process feature经历记载experience record工艺特性process performance设备表equipment list说明规定规格specification简要说明short specification条件图sketch drawing流程图flow diagram平衡图balance diagram方框图block diagramP&I 图P&I diagram单线图single line diagram布置图layout平面布置图plot plan总图general plot plan附件appendix资料文件document保证guarantee性能保证performance guarantee 时间保证time guarantee交货保证delivery guarantee建造保证workmanship guarantee 消费才能capacity质量quality消耗量consumption原材料feedstock原料raw material辅助原料sub-raw material产品product付产品by-product中间产品intermediate公用工程utility燃料fuel化学品chemical界区battery limit(界区)进料incoming(界区)出料outgoing界区条件battery limits condition (配管图)分界区match line工厂装置plant设备equipment关键设备critical equipment专利设备proprietary equipment有位号设备itemized equipment无位号设备non-itemized equipment散装材料bulk material施工材料material of construction仪表instrument备品备件spare part建筑工具construction aid(现场)居住设施accommodation现场派遣expatriate运转率on stream factor运转天数stream day系列train日历日calendar day日历月calendar month机械(试车)完工mechanical completion 试车trial operation初次试车initial operation开车start up注油oil in投料fees in首次出料first drop保证试运转guarantee test run装置验收plant acceptance移交turnover议定书protocol4估算估算estimate概算budgetary estimate推算slide幂指数power term(费用)分类,分项价格breakdown 外汇foreign currency当地货币local currency可兑换货币convertible currency 专利费license fee专利权税royalty变动专利权税running royalty专有技术费know-how fee根底设计费basic engineering fee 代理费agent fee手续费commission不可预见费contingency外汇风险exchange risk易货补偿compensation直接费用direct cost间接费用indirect cost工程管理费project expense现场管理费field expense一般管理费overhead利润profit生活费living expense出勤津贴daily allowance(出差)准备费outfit allowance劳务费labor cost根本工资base wage补偿费payroll burden福利费fringe benefit5可行性研究可行性feasibility现场选定site selection(现场)位置location市场marketing可获利润率profitability消费本钱production cost经营费operation cost可变本钱variable cost不变本钱fixed cost总投资total capital cost折旧费depreciation现金流量cash flow折现现金流量discount cash flow工况研究case study产权资本,自有资金equity建立资本利息interest during construction6业务范围现场勘测site survey工艺设计process design根底设计basic engineering根底设计包basic design package详细设计detail engineering采购procurement海运ocean transportation陆运inland transportation安装erection work土建工作civil work施工construction work临时工作temporary work投料试车commissioning培训training(现场)指导supervisory service 参谋advisor service初步设计preliminary project最终设计final project根底设施infrastructure上部构造superstructure软件software硬件hardware7工厂分类与设计处女地工厂grass root plant总厂integral plant分厂single plant成套装置package plant翻版(设计)厂copy plant消费厂commercial plant中试工厂pilot plant实验室规模装置bench scale unit 石化总厂petrochemical complex 下游(厂) downstream(工业)放大scale-up扩建expansion改建、更改modification镜象布置mirror image设计余量over design降负荷运转turndown消除瓶颈Debottlenecking工厂模型plant model8设备工艺装置process plant装置区内on site装置区外off site界区内inside battery limit界区外outside battery limit公用工程设施utility facility贮存设施storage facility辅助设施auxiliary facility衔接interconnection主变电所main substation发电设施power generation facility事故发电设备emergency power generation facility 水处理装置water treatment facility冷却塔cooling tower抽水设施water intake facility海水淡化装置desalination facility蒸汽发生装置steam generation facility仪表空气发生装置instrument gas generation facility 惰性气发生装置inert gas generation facility空分装置air separation facility罐区tank yard散装贮藏设备bulk storage facility包装机械bagging facility制袋设备bag making facility装瓶设备bottling facility装货设施loading facility卸货设施unloading facility铁路侧线railway siding栈桥jetty行政办公楼administration building维修车间maintenance shop中央化验室central laboratory内部通用设施intercommunication facility 播送系统public address system询呼设施paging facility消防设施fire fighting facility平安器具safety equipment生活设施colony公用设施town-shop娱乐设施recreation facility9相关企业承包商contractor主承包商prime contractor分包商subcontractor直接雇佣direct hire专利商licenser转专利者sub-licenser专利使用者licensee专利拥有者patent-owner竞争者competitor国际财团consortium合作者collaborator买方(1)buyer(2)purchaser卖方seller厂商vendor制造商(1)maker(2)manufacture业主owner参谋consultant技术参谋Technical adviser用户User最终用户End user客户(1)customer(2)client代理商agent挂名人dummy2. 投标合同2.1 投标概况询价inquiry报价估价书quotation estimation投标投标书bid tender投标资料bid document预审pre-qualification意向书letter of intent协议agreement合同契约contract注销cancellation约定Consideration合同转让Assignment of contract不可抗力force majeure仲裁attribution根本法governing law机密条款(1)secrecy clause(2)non-disclosure clause 预定损坏赔偿费liquidated damages总赔偿额度total liability连带(债务) joint and several预先债权lien免除waiver保证guaranty担保warranty赔偿indemnity定义definition增额escalation罚款penalty支付条款terms of payment税金tax and duties进犯专利patent infringement最高限额ceiling委任书power of attorney保证金bond投标合同competitive bid contract议付合同negotiated contractFOB合同fob-type contract成套承包合同(1)turnkey contract (交钥匙合同) (2)chef montage contract 总付合同lump sum price contract单价契约unit price contract正价加附加费合同cost plus fee contract预投标协议pre-bid agreement产品抵债products sharing互购交易counter-purchase transaction3. 支付金融财务3.1支付金融支付条款支付条件payment terms延期付款deferred payments存留款项保存资金retention payment定期付款schedule payment施工分期付款progressive payment付款交单D/P documents against payment承兑交单调D/A documents against acceptance信贷信誉credit卖方信贷供应商信贷supplier’s credit买方信贷buyer’s credit银行借贷bank loan财政金融finance借款借贷loan归还reimburse reimbursement保证书letter of guarantee信誉证信贷书letter of credit外汇兑换率exchange rate兑换单汇款单据documentary bill of exchange 汇款汇兑基金remittance自然增长基数accrual basis资产负债表决算表balance sheet损益报表P&L profit and loss statement出口容许证export license出口容许证变更E/L amendCOCOM coordinating committee标准结算方法standard payment非标准结算方法non-standard paymentDBC draw back cargo(dbc)出口申报银行export declaration bank e/d进口申报单export declaration custom进口容许证import license保税区域bonded area关税import duty原产地说明书certificate of origin发票Invoice装箱单packing list提单bill of lading (B/L)指示提单order B/L直接提单straight B/L装运提单shipped B/L, on board B/L备运提单received B/L不附带条件的提单clean B/L不洁提单dirty B/L, foul B/L直运提单direct B/L联运提单through B/L船上收货单mate’s receipt装货通知单shipping order (S/O)交货单delivery order (D/O)空运货单airway bill海上运费ocean freight海上运费同盟freight conference目的地付费freight payable at destination码头人工搬运费stevedorage空载运费dead freight船到港预定时间expected time of arrival (ETA)船离港预定时间expected time of departure (ETD) 海关快速发货custom quick despatch (CQD)滞船费demurrage码头搬运商stevedore超尺寸运输over-dimension cargo (ODC)海上保险marine cargo insurance现场指导失误保险supervisor’s risk insurance出厂价(1)ex works(2)ex factory(3)ex mill海上交货fob-named port of shipment含保险海上交货cif-named port of destination国境交货条件franco frontier采购procurement厂家vendor厂家一览表vendor list市场价market price黑市价dark price现价up-to-date price level报价quotation偏向表deviation list到货时间time of delivery支付方式(1)terms of payment(2)payment condition(3)payment terms 延缓支付deferred payment现金支付cash on delivery预先支付down payment发货前支付advance payment到货后支付progress payment方案支付scheduled payment购置条件terms and conditions of purchase折价discount会谈交涉negotiation澄清clarification购置意向intent to purchase比较表tabulation评语evaluation价格分析value analysis定购单purchase order变更定购单change order支付方式method of payment现金cash支票check期票promissory note催货expediting跟踪系统follow-up system包装packing防锈包装rust-proof packing防潮湿包装moisture-proof packing 防水包装water-proof packing软包装shrink packing木箱wooden box板条箱crate滑橇底座skid base框架箱framed box码垛盘pallet侧板side plate吊具sling fitting花篮螺栓turnbuckle钢带steel strapping角保护袋edge protector closure plate 防护角corner protector板board合板plywood缓冲材料cushioning material通气孔盖ventilation cover超载superimposed load开包unpacking船上标志shipping mark注意标志care mark总图会议kick-off meeting工程研究会议project study meeting 开工会议launching meeting工程报告project reporting审查会议screening meeting进展报告progress report协调过程coordination procedure变更指示change order认可approval复阅review工程完工报告job close-out report工程执行报告job performance report完工汇编close-out book反响系统feed back system工程设计条件project design information会签inter-department check工程设计engineering design工艺条件确认engineering review工艺条件校核engineering checking工程完成指标审核表project performance check sheet 施工版approved for construction (afc)设计变更error report技术文件technical data book管道材料工艺条件process data for piping material载荷条件loading data关键途径法critical path method关键途径进度表critical path schedulingPERT program evaluation and review technique工程预算project control budget工时man-hour (M/H)工日man-day (M/D)人月man-month (M/N)考勤表time sheet工作号work number工程号job number预期工程号proposal number改进工作improvement work闲滞idle工时报告man-hour report工程工时汇总job man-hour performance report费用分类code of account主账major account分账sub-account设备位号item number指定assign借调on-loan工程成员project number工程经理project manager (PM)工程经理助理assistant project manager (APM)施工经理construction manager (CM)开工经理operation manager (OM)现场指挥field manger工程前期经理proposal manager估算员estimator原始采购员originator协调员coordinator工程设计协调员project design coordinator (PDC)6.标准化资料管理法规规格标准化standardization标准规格standard工程规定engineer specification工程特殊要求specific job requirement工程手册engineering manual标准图standard drawing工程用表格engineering form法规law and regulation法律law情报管理information and documentation信息中心information center调研(追述) retrospective searching信息选择效劳selective dissemination of information 情报跟踪current awareness检索效率retrieval efficiency资料documents原文献primary sources文献摘抄secondary sources连载刊物serials定期刊物periodieals(学会)纪要memoirs会报transactions会议论文conference paper会议记录proceedings索引期刊index journal文摘期刊abstract journal情报摘要information abstract提示文稿indicative abstract图书目录book catalog标题目录title catalog总目录union catalog标准目录standard catalog关键词keyword省略词stopwordKWIC索引keyword-in-context indexKWOC索引keyword-out-of-context index顺序索引permuted index相关索引coordinate index主题分析subject analysis统计分类statistical classification国际十进分类法universal decimal classification 阅读卡片visible card书卡book card档案系统filing system微缩复制microcopy微缩系统micro-system穿孔卡夹aperture card微缩胶片fiche film高压气体取缔法high pressure gas control law 消防法fire service law劳动平安卫生法industry safety and health law建筑根本法building standard law单位制system of units国际单位制international system of units系统图、设备布置图、配管图及材料统计7 图纸、条件表工艺流程图Process flow diagram(PFD)管道仪表流程图Process piping & instrument flow diagram(PID) 公用工程流程图Utility balance diagram(UFD)框图Block flow diagram公用工程介质平衡图Utility balance diagram(UBD)平面布置图Plot plan立面布置图General arrangement总图General plot plan规划图Planning drawing管道研究图Piping study drawing管道布置图〔配管图〕Piping arrangement drawing分区图Key plan管道走向研究图Piping routing study drawing地下管道图Underground piping drawing管道特殊管件图Piping special parts drawing管架详图Piping hanging drawing预制图Prefabrication drawing参考图Reference drawing通用图Typical drawing制造厂图Vendor’s drawing管道轴测图Isometric piping drawing开工图As-built drawing模型Model管线表Line schedule计算书Calculation sheet图纸目录Drawing schedule发图阶段Issue stage版次Revision number编号体系Numbering system比例Scale工厂北向Plant north海平面标高Over-sea mean level(OSL)标高Elevation(EL)已有钢构造Existing structure装货区Loading area公用工程站Utility station柱号Column number净空headroom通道Access way小通道Cat way钢构造顶部标高Top of structure elevation 管底标高Bottom of piping elevation主管口径Run size顶平偏心异径管Eccentric reducer top flat 中心到面的间隔Center to face工作点标高Working point elevation管架标注Hanging marking冷拉Cold spring管线记号Line symbol管线接口Line connection物流号Stream NO.管线号Line NO.管道等级号(1) class designation(2) spec designation 阀门号Valve NO.等级分界Specification break重要管道Critical piping总管Header pipe仪表管道Instrument piping排放管道Blowdown piping火炬气管道Flare piping输送管线Transfer line入口管线Suction line排水管Effluent line旁通管Bypass line吹扫系统Purge system放空接口Vent connection软管接口Hose connection双切断阀及排放阀Double block and bleeder污水沟Sewer ditch冷凝液池Condensate pit积水坑Sump box漏斗Drip funnel管段Spool piece垫环Space ring限流孔板Restriction orifice流量喷嘴Flow nozzle液体混合用三通Mixing tee喷头Spray nozzle粗滤器Strainer临时粗滤器Temporary strainer疏水阀Steam trap爆破膜Rupture disk蒸汽伴热管道Steam-traced piping 夹套管道Jacketed piping地下管道Underground piping管道要素钢管Steel pipe螺纹端管Threaded pipe法兰端管Flanged pipe锻制的Swage光滑弯管Smooth bendU型弯管U-bend弯管Bending pipe波纹管膨胀节Expansion bellows 柔性管Flexible pipe管件接头Pipe fitting joint机械连接Mechanical joint活套连接Lapped joint环行垫连接Ring type joint扩口接头Flare type joint非扩口接头Flareless type joint承插连接Bell and spigot Victaulic 接头Victaulic joint弯头Elbow异径管Reducer管接头Coupling活接头Union短管Nipple法兰Flange配对法兰Companion flange法兰盖Blind flange异径法兰Reducing flange八字盲板(1) spectacle blind(2) reversible blind 平板式法兰Plate flange带颈法兰Hubbed flange对焊法兰Welding flange松套法兰Loose flange管端突缘Stub end法兰面Flange face垫片沟槽Gasket groove满平面Full face突面Raised face大准槽面Large tongue and groove face双凹凸面Double male & female face大凹凸面Large male & female face金属垫片Metallic gasket非金属垫片Non-metallic gasketO型环Semi-metallic gasket透视垫O-ring对焊Lens ring承插焊接Butt weld滑套焊接Socket weld焊接支管台Slip-on weld插入环Insert ring管帽Cap材料表Bill of material材料统计Take-off管段表Line bill of material估算汇总表Estimation summary sheet备品备件表Spare parts list报价单Quotation sheet订货表Purchase order schedule材料汇总表Bill of material summary状态报告Status report分布报告Distribution report价格、重量一览表Cost & weight summary 价格、重量汇总表Cost & weight total定货管理表Order control管道材料管理表Piping material control sheet 元件代码Item code标记号Tag number标准形态Standard shape轴测图Isometric drawing管线号Line reference批号Batch reference管子下料表Piping cutting list制作件表Fabrication parts list组装件表Erection part list固定架Anchor滑动架Resting support导向架Guide限位架Directional stop减振架Dampener支架Support管托Shoe保冷管托cradle鞍座Saddle耳轴Trunnion吊架Hanger刚性吊架Rigid hanger弹簧吊架Spring hanger恒力吊架Constant hanger阀门Valve截止阀Globe valve闸阀Gate valve针行阀Needle valve球阀Ball valve止回阀Check valve隔膜阀Diaphragm valve三通阀Three-way valve角阀Angle valve蝶阀Butterfly valve旋塞阀Cock伸长杆操作Extension stem-operation链操作Chain-operated齿轮操作Gear-operated扳手操作Wrench-operated电动操作Motor-operated阀芯Trim阀盖Bonnet焊接支管Weld branch偏置Offset焊缝根部间隙Weld root gap现场调整后再下料和焊接Cut and weld after adjusting坡度Slope工作点Working point管架说明Notes for piping hanging部门间校核版Interdepartmental check print平端Plain end坡口端Beveled管道联接图Piping hook-up drawing管道图说明Notes for piping drawing标题栏Title block询价单Piping requisition sheet8 配管及一般设备设计8.1 保温、保冷绝热Insulation设备绝热表Equipment insulation schedule绝热符号Insulation code保温设计Design of cold insulation正常操作所用的保温Insulation for stable operating 人身防护Personnel protection防火层Fire-proofing防结露Anti-sweat防冻Winterizing防音Sound protection保温材料Hot insulation material保冷材料Cold insulation material石棉asbestos硅藻土Diatomaceous earth岩棉Rock wool玻璃棉Glass wool碳酸镁Magnesium carbonate硅酸铝Calcium silicate珍珠岩Perlite软木板Cork boards毛毡Hair felt泡沫聚氨酯Foam polystyrene硬泡沫氨基甲酸乙酯Rigid foam urethane 硬泡沫橡胶Rigid foam rubber玛碲脂Mastic耐磨损材料Anti-abrasion coating material 管壳Lagging cloth铁丝网Hexagonal wire netting填缝材料Caulking material保护层(1) jacketing sheet(2) cover sheet 波纹铝板Corrugated aluminum sheet有色镀锌钢板Precoated galvanized sheet 搭板Butt strapZ型接头Z-joint防腐、涂漆色标Colour-code孟塞尔色系Munsell notation管道识别色Identification of piping system 防腐层External coating油漆Paint清漆Varnish防腐漆(1) anti-corrosive paint(2) rush-proof paint含铝漆Aluminum paint底漆Primer耐酸漆Acid-proof paint耐碱漆Alkali-proof paint耐热漆Heat-resisting paint测温漆Thermo-paint绝缘漆Insulating varnish外表处理Surface preparation涂漆painting阴极保护Cathodic protection振动解析机械振动Mechanical vibration自由振动Free vibration强迫振动Forced vibration自励振动Self-excited vibration固有频率Natural frequency固有周期Natural period波谷Loop波峰Node正弦振动Sinusoidal oscillation非线性振动Non-linear oscillation阻尼振动Damped vibration临界阻尼Critical damping衰减系数(1) attenuation(2) decay coefficient(3) decay factor 共振Resonance扭曲振动Torsional vibration挠性振动Flexural vibration极限速度Critical speed固有值Characteristic value临界条件Boundary condition弹簧系数Spring constant惯性矩Moment of inertia回转半径Radius of gyration振动吸收装置Dynamic vibration absorber液压减振器Hydraulic damper弹簧减振器(1) spring dampener(2) spring damper 油压锁定Oil lock耐振设计固有振动方式Natural frequency mode卓越周期Predominant period根本周期First natural frequency横波Transverse wave纵波Longitudinal wave相对位移Relative displacement质量比Mass ratio静解析法Static method修正静解析法Corrected static method动解析法Modal analysis时历响应解析法Time history response analysis设计响应光谱Design response spectrum加速响应光谱Acceleration response spectrum地板响应光谱Floor response spectrum标准响应光谱Standard response spectrum加速响应增幅比Acceleration response amplitude ratio刚性构造Rigid structure柔性构造Flexible structure长周期构造Long-period structure 刚性框架Rahmen rigid frame地震波Earthquake accelerogram位移量记录Displacement record设计地震Design earthquake设计震度Design seismic coefficient 地震Earthquake震源间隔Distance to centrum震中间隔Distance to epicenter震级Magnitude地震波显示仪Seismoscope地震仪Seismograph耐震等级Seismic class基岩Base rock应力分析外力External force内力Internal force反作用力Reaction force力偶Couple of force弯矩Bending moment扭矩Twist moment应力Stress弯曲应力Bending stress扭曲应力Torsional stress圆周应力Hoop stress峰值应力Peak stress一次应力Primary stress二次应力Secondary stress轴向应力Axial stress重复应力Repeated stress脉动应力Pulsating stress交变应力Alternating stress应变Strain应变能Strain energy主应力Principal stress主应力理论Principal stress theory最大剪切应力理论Maximum shearing stress theory 剩余应力Residual stress热应力Thermal stress热破坏Thermal shock疲劳Fatigue疲劳曲线S-N diagram疲劳极限(1) fatigue limit(2) endurance limit腐蚀疲劳Corrosion fatigue蠕变Creep蠕变疲劳Creep fatigue尺寸效应Size effect应力集中系数Coefficient of stress concentration形状系数Shape coefficient缺口系数Notch factor应力强度系数Stress intensity factor几何惯性矩Geometrical moment of inertia断面系数Modulus of section断面极惯性矩Polar moment of inertia of area杨氏模量Young’s modulus横向弹性系数Modulus of transverse elasticity 体积弹性系数Modulus of volumetric elasticity 泊松比Poissor’s ratio弹性极限Elastic limit屈服点Yield point拉伸强度Tensile strength伸长Elongation永久变形Permanent set弹性Flexibility弹性分析Elastic analysis弹性屈服Elastic buckling塑性Plasticity塑变滞后Plasticity hysteresis极限分析Limit analysis弹塑性分析Elastic-plastic analysis疲劳分析Fatigue analysis有限元法Finite element method静荷载Dead load流体流动水锤Water hammer急关Rapid closure缓关Slow closure冲击波Shock closure液压振动Acoustic vibration of liquid flow脉动Pulsation flow两相流Two-phase flow气压振动Acoustic vibration卡门涡街Karman eddies颤抖Fluttering气蚀cavitation噪音噪音(1) noise(2) undesired sound听力范围Auditory sensation area掩蔽Masking背景噪音Background noise声强Sound intensity声压Sound pressure声压值Sound pressure level噪声值(1) noise level (2) sound level 噪声计Sound level meter听觉校正回路Weighting network音平Soundness level音能Sound power音能值Sound power level总体值Overall level90%范围90% range中间值MedianNR数Noise rating number频率分析器Frequency analyzer倍频器Octave band1/3的倍频带1/3 octave band波段值Band level音场Sound field方向性Directivity方向系数Directivity factor衍射Diffraction声源Sound source房间常数Room constant吸音率Sound absorption coefficient穿透率Transmission coefficient穿透损失Transmission loss质量原理Mass law设计条件操作压力Operating pressure最高操作压力Maximum operating pressure操作温度Operating temperature最高操作温度Maximum operating temperature 温度基准Base temperature腐蚀裕度Corrosion allowance许容应力Allowable stress平安系数Safety factor地理条件Geological conditions9. 塔、槽、换热器、加热炉设备表vessel schedule工程图engineering drawing管口表(1)nozzle chart (2)nozzle schedule管口方位nozzle orientation予焊件图clip schedule切线tangent line(TL)焊缝线weld line(WL)参照线working line(WL)基准线base line容器vessel塔tower自支承塔self-supported tower板式塔tray tower填料塔packed tower喷淋塔spray tower槽、罐drum贮罐tank球罐(1)spherical tank (2)ball tank 浮顶罐floating roof tank锥顶罐cone roof tank拱顶罐dome roof tank双壁罐double wall tank湿式气柜wet gas holder干式气柜dry gas holder料仓(1)silo (2)bin料斗hopper内件internals塔盘tray泡罩塔盘bubble cap tray筛板塔盘perforated tray浮阀塔盘valve tray单流向式塔盘uni-flux tray 波纹塔盘ripple tray塔盘板deck溢流堰weir降液管downcomer密封槽seal pot取液槽draw-off pot密封盘seal pan塔盘支承环tray support ring 鲍尔环Pall ring泪孔weep hole填料packing拉希环Rasching ring矩鞍形填料intalox saddle 分布器distributor除沫器demister进料挡板feed deflecter防涡流挡板vortex breaker 内筒cartridge壳体shell变颈段reducing section椭圆形封头ellipsoidal head碟形封头(1)dished head (2)torispherical head 半球形封头hemispherical head椎形封头conical head平封头flat head加强圈reinforcing ring夹套jacket人孔manhole手孔hand hole检查孔inspection hole接收nozzle凸缘pad nozzle锻制接收forged nozzle补强板reinforcing pad信号孔tell-tale hole容器支座vessel support裙座skirt支腿leg支耳support lug底座base block根底环base ring筋板gusset plate压环compression ring鞍座saddle模板template通道acess opening套管pipe sleeve连结板lug接地板earth lug吊耳lifting lug平台platform梯子ladder保温支承insulation support吊柱davit人孔绞链manhole hinge放空口vent nozzle呼吸阀breather valve计量口gauge hatch换热器heat exchanger换热面积heat transfer area总传热系数overall heat transfer coefficient境膜传热系数film coefficient对数平均温差logarithmic mean temperature difference(LMTD) 平均温差mean temperature difference(MTD)污垢系数fouling factor布管图tube arrangement三角形排列triangular arrangement转角三角形排列rotated triangular arrangement正方形排列square arrangement转角正方形排列rotated square arrangement最大布管图outside tube limit管壳式换热器sheet and tube heat exchanger固定管板式换热器fixed tube sheet heat exchanger浮头式换热器floating head type heat exchanger U形管式换热器U-tube type heat exchanger釜式换热器kettle type heat exchanger套管式换热器double tube type heat exchanger 冲洗式冷却器irrigation cooler蛇管式换热器coil type heat exchanger插管式换热器bayonet type heat exchanger板式换热器plate type heat exchanger螺旋板式换热器spiral heat exchanger夹套式换热器jacket type heat exchanger石墨换热器graphite heat exchanger空冷式换热器air-cooled heat exchanger换热管tube折流板baffle plate管箱channel分程隔板pass partition plate浮头floating head防冲挡板impingement baffle管束tube bundle管板tube sheet管子与管板的连接tube-to-tube sheet joint管接头ferrule加热炉direct-fired heater热负荷(1)heat duty (2)heat release热损失heat loss加热炉效率efficiency of heater热流率heat flux管壁温度tube skin temperature体积热负荷volumetric heat release辐射段radiant section对流段convection section屏蔽段shield section坝墙bridge wall暴露墙exposed wall屏蔽墙shielded wall管支承tube support炉管(1)heater tube (2)furnace tube扩大外表管extended surface tube联箱(1)header (2)header box回弯头return bend管群间连接收crossover通风draft烟道flue〔烟道〕挡板damper烟囱stack烧嘴burner过量空气excess air风箱wind box观察孔(1)observation door (2)peep door 检修孔access door防爆门explosion door吹灰器soot blower油漆清车导轨painter trolley陶瓷纤维ceramic fiber耐火砖fire brick保温耐火砖insulation fire brick保温板insulation board可铸耐火材料castable衬里支撑linking anchor、炉壁横梁lintel膨胀节expansion joint10. 转动机械轴shaft轴承bearing轴承箱bearing housing联轴节shaft coupling滑轮pulleyV形皮带〔三角皮带〕V-belt转动设备turning equipment光滑lubrication光滑油(1) lubricating oil (2)lube oil 密封seal轴封shaft seal填料函packing填料箱stuffing box油膜密封oil film seal油封seal oil机械密封mechanical seal齿轮gear曲轴crankshaft连杆connecting rod十字头crosshead气缸cylinder缸套cylinder liner气缸阀cylinder value活塞piston金属填料metallic packing予埋板soleplate基座baseplate柱塞plunger箱体〔壳体〕casing转子rotor平衡活塞balance piston迷宫密封labyrinth叶轮impeller轴套sleeve耐磨环wearing ring灯笼环(1)latern ring (2)seal cage轴动力(1)shaft power (2)brake horsepower 额定制动马力rated brake horsepower齿轮传动损失gear loss机械效率mechanical efficiency机械损失mechanical loss额定转数rated speed最大连续转数maximum continuous speed旋转油膜oil whirl临界速度critical speed顺时针clockwise转矩torque起动转矩starting torque性能performance特性characteristics压头head液压功率hydraulic horsepower活塞位移piston displacement体积效率volumetric efficiency显示图indicator diagram压力脉冲率pressure pulsation ratio泵pump泵效率pump efficiency气蚀cavitation气蚀系数cavitation coefficient净正吸入压头net positive suction head 离心泵centrifugal pump混流泵〔斜流泵〕mixed-flow pump 轴流泵axial pump容量泵displacement type pump往复泵〔活塞泵〕reciprocating pump 旋转泵rotary pump再生泵regenerative pump底阀foot valve10.4压缩机，风机等压缩机compressor压缩机效率compressor efficiency往复式压缩机reciprocating compressor间隙容积clearance volumn隙囊clearance pocket减压器unloader离心式压缩机centrifugal compressor轴面压缩机axial compressor涡轮压缩机turbocompressor鼓风机blower风机fan涡轮式鼓风机turboblower涡轮风机turbofan多叶片风机multi-blade fan旋桨式风机propeller fan罗茨鼓风机(1)roots blower (2)two-lobe blower 螺杆式压缩机screw compressor湍振surging中间冷却器intercooler后冷却器〔二次冷却器〕aftercooler缓冲器snubber透平turbine冲动式透平impulse turbine反作用式透平reaction turbine凝汽式透平condensing turbine抽气式透平extraction turbine背压式透平back pressure turbine透平效率turbine efficiency调速器governor速度范围speed range速度调节阀speed governing valve 应急调速器emergency governor跳闸速度〔应急速度限〕trip speed 应急阀trip valve操纵阀sentinel valve冷冻机refrigerator制冷剂refrigerant。

NDE专业词汇

英汉无损检测专业词汇汇编Aablution 清洗Absorbed dose 吸收剂量Absorbed dose rate 吸收剂量率 A.C magnetic saturation 交流磁饱和acceptance specification 验收规范Acceptanc limits 验收范围Acceptance level 验收水平验收标准Acceptance standard 验收标准Accessories 附件配件辅助设备辅助器材Accumulation test 累积检测Accuracy 精确度准确度acetone 丙酮Acoustic emission count 声发射计数Acoustic emission transducer 声发射换能器Acoustic emission (AE) 声发射Acoustic holography 声全息术Acoustic impedance 声阻抗Acoustic impedance matching 声阻抗匹配Acoustic impedance method 声阻法Acoustic wave 声波Acoustic-ultrasonic 声-超声（AU）Acoustical lens 声透镜across 交叉横过Activation 活化Activity 活度Adequate shielding 适当防护、适当屏蔽address: 地址: additional stress 附加应力AE 声发射air header 集气管air set 空气中凝固, 常温自硬自然硬化air supply 气源aisle 过道走廊alkaline battery 碱性电池alarm level 报警电平alarm condition 报警状态Alignment 对准定位调整校直allowable variation 允许偏差容许变化alternating current 交流电aluminum powder 铝粉amount 数量Ampere turns 安匝数amplifier panel 放大器面板Amplitude 振幅、幅度anchor bolt 锚定螺栓地脚螺栓analyzer 分析器Angle beam method 斜射法、角波束法Angle beam probe 斜探头、角探头Angle of incidence 入射角Angle of reflection 反射角Angle of spread 扩散角Angle of squint 偏向角、偏斜角Angle probe 斜探头、角探头Angstrom unit 埃(长度单位)angle square 角尺angle iron 角钢角铁angle steel 角钢angle fitting 弯头application drawing 操作图应用图arc welding 电弧焊arc cutting 电弧切割arc gouging 电弧刨削arc starting 起弧Area amplitude response curve 面积振幅响应曲线Area of interest 评定区、关注区域argon arc welding 氩弧焊Arliflcial disconlinuity 人工不连续性、人工缺陷arrangement diagram 布置图arrival time interval（Δtij）到达时间差(Δtij) Artifact 人为缺陷Artificial defect 人工缺陷A-scan A型扫描A-scope A型显示assembly 装配Attenuation coefficient 衰减系数Attenuator 衰减器Audible leak indicator 音响泄漏指示器Automatic testing 自动检测Autoradiography 自动射线照相术automatic temperature recorder 温度自动记录器axonometric drawing 轴测图axiality 同轴度轴对称性Bback-feed 反馈background target 目标本底backwall echo 底波底面回波baiting valve 放料阀banjo fixing 对接接头band plate 带板Barium concrete 钡混凝土Barn 靶Base fog 片基灰雾Bath 槽液、浴池、槽base material 基底材料Bayard-Alpert ionization gage B-A型电离计Beam 声束、光束Beam ratio 光束比Beam angle 波束角、束张角Beam axis 声束轴线Beam path location 声程定位、声束路径位置Beam path 声程、声束路径Beam spread 声束扩散bellow type 波纹管式beveled edges 坡口Bending 挠曲弯曲beveling 磨斜棱磨斜边成斜角bending deformation 挠曲变形弯曲变形Betatron 电子感应加速器Bimetallic strip gage 双金属片计Bid 投标出价bend 弯管弯头弯曲Bipolar field 双极磁场Black light filter 黑光滤波器、黑光过滤片bisectrix 等分线Black light 黑光，紫外光Blackbody 黑体Blackbody equivalent temperature 黑体等效温度Bleakney mass spectrometer 波利克尼质谱仪blowhole 喷水孔通风孔通气孔(气)孔铸孔砂[气]眼气泡Bleedout 渗出、漏出blind 挡板窗帘blinding plate 盲板blind plate 隔离盲板盲板block up 封堵垫高bolt 螺栓螺钉bolton 螺栓紧固bonding wire 接合线焊线boost pressure 升压bottom plate 底板Bottom echo 底波底面回波both sides welding 双面焊接Bottom surface 底面Boundary echo 边界回波、界面回波Brand name 商标名称品牌branch connection 分支接续分支连接Bremsstrahlung 轫致辐射Broad-beam 宽射束宽（声、光）束bridge 桥breaking of contact 断接卡Brush application 刷涂B-scan presentation B型扫描显示B-scan B型扫描B扫描B-scope B型显示buckling deformation 翘曲变形buckle 满扣扣住buried depth 埋深butt joint 对接butt jointing 对接接头burn through 烧蚀烧穿butt weld 对接焊缝butt welding 对接焊bus duct 母线槽CC-scan C型扫描C扫描C-scope C型显示cable fitting电缆配件cable routing电缆路由选择cable gland 电缆衬垫cable tray 电缆盘cable armor 电缆铠装Cable sheath 电缆包皮层cable testing bridge 电缆测试电桥cable laying 电缆敷设cable channel 电缆槽电缆管道cable trunk 电缆管道电缆主干线Capping ends 顶盖末端calculation sheet 计算书calorimeter 热量计Calibration instrument 校准仪器Capillary action 毛细管作用carbon steel tube 碳钢管carbon steel 碳钢Carrier fluid 载液Carry over of penetrate 渗透剂转入cascade connection 串联连接Cassette 暗盒Cathode 阴极cathodic protection system 阴极保护系统caulking metal 填隙合金[金属](材料)CCD Camera 电荷耦合摄像机center line 中心线center plate 中心板拨盘centralized 集中的cement lined piping 水泥衬里管线channel bases沟渠基底center bearing bracket 中心支架certification of fitness 质量合格证书Charge Coupled Device 电荷耦合器件（简称CCD）Central conductor 中心导体中线（三相四线制）Central conductor method 中心导体法centripetal canting pull rope 向心斜拉索channel steel expansion ring 槽钢胀圈Characteristic curve 特性曲线Characteristic curve of film 胶片特性曲线Characteristic radiation 特征辐射标识辐射Chemical fog 化学灰雾check against 检查, 核对chipping 修琢check valve 止回阀chronometer精密计时表Ci 居里Cine-radiography 射线(活动)电影摄影术连续射线照相Circuit breaker断路开关circumferential weld 环焊缝Circumferential coils 圆环线圈Circumferential field 周向磁场环形磁场Circumferential magnetization method 周向磁化法circumferential joint 周圈接缝civil engineer 土木工程师civil works 土建工程建筑工程Clean 清理clamp 夹钳clamping fixture 胎具夹具Clean-up 清除Clearing time 定透时间coaxial cable 同轴电缆cockle stairs 螺旋梯Coercive force 矫顽力Coherence 相干性Coherence length 相干长度（谐波列长度）Coil test 线圈试验Coil size 线圈尺寸Coil spacing 线圈间距Coil technique 线圈技术线圈法Coil method 线圈法Coil reference 线圈参考（参照线圈）Coincidence discrimination 符合性鉴别一致性鉴别cold lap 冷隔Cold-cathode ionization gage 冷阴极电离计collar extension 环口Collimation 准直Collimator 准直器collision 碰撞冲突color identification 彩色识别contactor 触头接触器触点开关condensation 冷凝conduit box [电]导管分线匣conduit entry 导管引入装置conducting wire 导线Console 控制台construction work 施工工程Contact pads 接触垫content gauge 液位计Combined colour contrast and fluorescent penetrant 着色荧光渗透剂commencement 开始component part 构件(组合)零件部件Compressional wave 压缩波Compressed air drying 压缩空气干燥comprehensive analysis and judgement 综合分析判断compression pump 压缩机压气机[泵] compression joint 压接压力接合comply with 遵守company 公司Compton scatter 康普顿散射conductive paste 导电膏conduit outlet 电线引出口connector 接线器连接器Continuous emission 连续发射Continuous linear array 连续线性阵列Continuous method 连续法Continuous spectrum 连续谱Continuous wave 连续波Continuously Welded (CW) 连续焊Contrast stretch 对比度扩展Contrast 对比度衬度Contrast agent 对比剂造影剂Contrast aid 反差增强剂Contrast sensitivity 对比灵敏度Control echo 控制回波Copper intensifying screens 铜增感屏control 控制控制器control wiring 控制线路control cable控制电缆操纵索control console 控制台control valve actuator 阀控传动机构control valve控制阀convenience receptacle 电源插座core rod 芯棒corresponding 相应的cotton fibre 棉质纤维Couplant 耦合剂Coupling 耦合Coupling medium 耦合介质Coupling losses 耦合损失Cracking 破裂裂纹裂化裂解Creeping wave 爬波蠕变波crate 板条箱柳条箱Critical angle 临界角Cross section 横截面Cross talk 串音Cross-drilled hole 横孔Crystal 晶片晶体Curie point 居里点cubicle 室,箱cushion 垫层衬垫Curie temperature 居里温度Curie(Ci) 居里Current flow method 通电法电流法Current induction method 电流感应法current attenuation 电流衰减Current magnetization method 电流磁化法Cut-off level 截止电平Cutting 切割cutting opening 切孔切开CW (Continuously Welded) 连续焊Dark room packing 暗室包装（在暗室条件下将X射线胶片装入暗盒）data logger 数据记录器datum mark 基准点Dead zone 盲区死区Decay curve 衰变曲线Decibel(dB) 分贝Defect 缺陷Defect resolution 缺陷分辨力Defect detection sensitivity 缺陷探测灵敏度Definition 清晰度定义Demagnetization 退磁Demagnetization factor 退磁因子退磁系数Demagnetizer 退磁装置退磁器Densitometer 黑度计密度计Density 黑度（底片）密度Density Strip 黑度比较片密度比较条Density comparison strip 黑度比较片密度比较条depth scan 深度扫描description 说明描述design pressure 设计压力Detecting medium 检验介质Detergent remover 洗净液去垢剂Developer 显像剂显影剂Developer station 显像工位显影台Developer aqueous 水性显像剂Developer dry 干式显象剂Developer liquid film 液膜显象剂Developer nonaqueous（suspend）非水（悬浮）显象剂Developing time 显像时间显影时间Development 显影differential discriminator (电子)差动式鉴频器Diffraction mottle 衍射斑点衍射斑纹Diffuse indications 扩散指示Diffusion 扩散漫射Digital image acquisition system 数字图像采集系统Digital display 数字显示数显Dilatational wave 膨胀波疏密波Digital timer for darkroom 暗室用计时器（在暗室中可调及报警）Digital Thermometer 数字温度计（用于测定胶片处理液的温度）dimensional inspection 尺寸检验Dip and drain station 浸渍和流滴工位浸渍与滴落台Direct contact magnetization 直接接触磁化Direct exposure imaging 直接曝光成像Direct contact method 直接接触法directional beam 定向辐射（指定向辐射的工业X射线机）Directivity 指向性disassembly and assembly 拆装Discontinuity 不连续性Distance-gain-size DGS曲线（距离-增益-尺寸曲线）（DGS德文为AVG）Distance marker 距离标志distribution board 配电盘, 配电屏Dose equivalent 剂量当量dosimeter 剂量计Dose rate meter 剂量率计Dosemeter 剂量计Double crystal probe 双晶探头Double probe technique 双探头法doubleskin 重皮dose 剂量Double transceiver technique 双发双收法Double traverse technique 双光路技术down lead 引下线Dragout 废酸洗液Drain time 滴落时间排液时间drain 排水管排水沟排水道排水draught 气流drying 烘干Drift 漂移Dry method 干法Dry powder 干粉Dry technique 干法Dry developer 干式显像剂Dry developing cabinet 干式显像柜Drying oven 干燥箱干燥炉Drying station 干燥工位干燥台Drying time 干燥时间D-scan D型扫描D-scope D型显示dual element transducers 双晶探头双晶片换能器Dual search unit 双探头双探测装置双探测器Dual-focus tube 双焦点(X射线)管due date 到期日预定日期duplicate part 备件Duplex-wire image quality indicator 双线像质指示器双线像质计Duplex wire type Image Quality Indicator 双线型像质指示器双线像质计Duration 持续时间Dwell time 停留时间Dye penetrant 着色渗透剂dye penetrant examination 着色渗透检验Dynamic leak test 动态泄漏检测Dynamic leakage measurement 动态泄漏测量Dynamic range 动态范围Dynamic radiography 动态射线照相法Eearth wire 接地线地线earthing device 接地装置earthing pole 接地极earth resistance 接地电阻Echo 回波Echo frequency 回波频率Echo height 回波高度Echo indication 回波指示Echo transmittance of sound pressure 声压往复透过率Echo width 回波宽度Eddy current 涡流涡电流Eddy current flaw detector 涡流探伤仪Eddy current testing 涡流检测Edge 边缘棱边Edge effect 边缘效应Edge echo 棱边回波Effective focus size 有效焦点尺寸Effective depth penetration （EDP）有效穿透深度有效透入深度Effective magnetic permeability 有效磁导率Effective resistance 有效电阻Effective permeability 有效磁导率有效渗透率相对渗透率Effective reflection surface of flaw 缺陷有效反射面Elastic medium 弹性介质elbow 弯管接头管肘Electric displacement 电位移electric heat tracing 电伴随加热electric force compounded grease 电力复合脂electric pressure 电压electric machine 电机electrified 带电Electrical center 电中心Electrode 电极电焊条electrical panel 配电板,配电盘electrical material电气材料electrical appliance 电器Electromagnet 电磁铁electron linear accelerator 电子直线加速器Electrolytic Sliver recovery unit 电解银回收装置（从定影液中回收银）Electro-magnetic acoustic transducer 电磁声换能器Electromagnetic induction 电磁感应Electromagnetic radiation 电磁辐射Electromagnetic testing 电磁检测Electro-mechanical coupling factor 机电耦合系数Electron radiography 电子辐射照相术Electron volt 电子伏恃Electronic noise 电子噪声Electrostatic spraying 静电喷涂Emulsification 乳化E-mail: 电子邮件: 电子邮箱:embedded part 预埋件嵌入[埋置]部分Emulsification time 乳化时间Emulsifier 乳化剂emission count （声）发射计数Encircling coils 环形线圈End effect 端部效应端点效应Energizing cycle 激励周期enfoldment 折迭end socket 端头, (钢索的)封头envelope 包络包迹Equalizing filter 均衡滤波器平衡滤波器equipment 器材设备Equivalent 当量Equivalent I.Q.I. Sensitivity 当量象质指示器灵敏度Equivalent nitrogen pressure 等效氮压当量氮气压力Equivalent method 当量法Equivalent penetrameter sensifivty 当量透度计灵敏度erection 架设Erasabl optical medium 可消光介质Etching 浸蚀腐蚀侵蚀蚀刻Evaluation 评定Evaluation threshold 评价阈值评定阈Event count 事件计数Event count rate 事件计数率examination 试验检验考试examine and approve 审批Examination area 检验范围Examination region 检验区域exfoliation 剥落脱落Exhaust pressure/discharge pressure 排气压力/排放压力出口压力输送压力Exhaust tubulation 排气管道Expanded time-base sweep 时基线展宽时基扫描扩展expansion joint 伸缩接头expansion bolt 伸缩栓, 扩开螺栓Exposure 曝光Exposure table 曝光表Exposure chart 曝光曲线Exposure fog 曝光灰雾Exposure 曝光Extended source 扩展源延长源external diameter 外径eye survey 目测Ffabrication tolerance 制造容差fabrication 加工制造fabrication drawing 制造图纸制作图fall off 脱落Facility scattered neutrons 易散射中子False indication 假指示虚假指示Family 族系列Far field 远场Fast/slow timing Oscilloscope 带快慢调速的示波器Fast neutron detectors 快中子探测器FBH 平底孔(缩写)Fax: 传真:Feed-through coil 穿过式线圈Field 场（磁场、声场）feeder 馈电线field installation 现场安装field instrument 携带式仪表field fabricated 工地制造的现场装配的ferritic 铁素体的Fill factor 填充系数Film speed 胶片速度(胶片感光速度胶片感光度) fillet weld 角焊填角焊filler rod 焊条filler metal 焊料焊丝film density 胶片密度filling water test 充水试验Film badge 胶片剂量计Film base 片基film cassette 胶片暗盒Film contrast 胶片对比度Film gamma 胶片γ值（胶片灰度系数）Film processing 胶片冲洗加工底片处理Film Hangers for manual processing 洗片架（手工洗片的胶片挂架）Film Hangers （Clip Type）夹式洗片架（手工洗片的一种洗片架类型）Film Hangers （Channel Type）槽式洗片架（手工洗片的一种洗片架类型）Film processing chemicals 胶片处理药品洗片药品Film unsharpness 胶片不清晰度Film viewing screen 胶片观察屏film viewer 底片评片灯观片灯底片观察用光源Filter 滤波器滤光板过滤器Final test 最终检验Fixing 固定fire barriers 防火间隔防火屏障flange joint 凸缘接头flange connection 凸缘联接flange gasket 法兰垫片flange 边缘轮缘凸缘法兰flange sealing surface 法兰密封面Flat-bottomed hole 平底孔Flat-bottomed hole equivalent 平底孔当量Flaw 伤缺陷瑕疵裂纹Flaw characterization 伤特性缺陷特征Flaw echo 缺陷回波Flexural wave 弯曲波flexible conduit 软管flash plate 闪熔镀层Floating threshold 浮动阀值Fluorescence 荧光floor slab 楼板flow sheet 流程图flow instrument 流量计flushing 冲洗填缝flux 焊剂Fluorometallic intensifying screen 荧光金属增感屏Fluorescent examination method 荧光检验法Fluorescent magnetic particle inspection 荧光磁粉检验Fluorescent dry deposit penetrant 干沉积荧光渗透剂Fluorescent light 荧光荧光灯Fluorescent magnetic powder 荧光磁粉Fluorescent penetrant 荧光渗透剂Fluorescent screen 荧光屏Fluoroscopy 荧光检查法fluorography 荧光照相术Flux leakage field 磁通泄漏场漏磁场Flux lines 磁通线Focal spot 焦点Focal distance 焦距Focus length 焦点长度聚焦长度Focus size 焦点尺寸聚焦尺寸Focus width 焦点宽度聚焦宽度Focus electron 电子焦点聚焦电子束Focused beam 聚焦束（声束、光束、电子束）Focusing probe 聚焦探头Fog 灰雾Focus-to-film distance(f.f.d) 焦点-胶片距离（焦距）Fog density 灰雾密度Footcandle 英尺烛光formula 公式foundation ring 底圈foundation settlement 基础沉降Freguency 频率Frequency constant 频率常数Fringe 干涉带干扰带条纹边缘Front distance 前沿距离Front distance of flaw 缺陷前沿距离full-scale value 满刻度值Full-wave direct current（FWDC）全波直流Fundamental frequency 基频Furring 毛状迹痕毛皮fusion 熔融熔合fusion arc welded 熔弧焊GGage pressure 表压表压力gage glass 液位玻璃管Gain 增益gamma camera γ射线照相机（γ射线探伤机）gamma equipment γ射线设备Gamma radio graphy γ射线照相术Gamma ray source γ射线源Gamma ray source container γ射线源容器Gamma rays γ射线Gamma-ray radiographic equipment γ射线照相装置Gamme ray unit γ射线机γ射线装置gamma source γ射线源γ源Gap scanning 间隙扫查间隙扫描Gas 气体gas cutting 气割gas shielded arc welding 气体保护焊Gate 闸门Gating technique 选通技术脉冲选通技术gauge board 仪表板样板模板规准尺Gauss 高斯Geiger-Muller counter 盖革.弥勒计数器generating of arc 引弧Geometric unsharpness 几何不清晰度girth weld 环形焊缝gland bolt 压盖螺栓Goggles 护目镜gouging 刨削槽Gray(Gy) 戈瑞Grazing incidence 掠入射切线入射Grazing angle 掠射角切线角入射余角grind off 磨掉grinder 磨床磨工grinding wheel 砂轮片砂轮grounding conductor 接地导体Group velocity 群速度grouting 灌（水泥）浆guide wire 尺度[定距]索,准绳gusset plate角撑板, 加固板HHalf life 半衰期Half-wave current （HW）半波电流Half-value layer(HVL) 半值层半价层Half-value method 半波高度法半值法Halogen 卤素Halogen leak detector 卤素检漏仪Hard-faced probe 硬膜探头硬面探头hanger 吊架挂架洗片架Hard hat 安全帽Hard X-rays 硬X射线Harmonic analysis 谐波分析Harmonic distortion 谐波畸变Harmonics 谐频谐波head face 端面Head wave 头波heat exchangers 热交换器heat absorbing glass 吸热玻璃Heating boxes 加热箱heat affected area 热影响区heat transfer 热传输Helium bombing 氦轰击法Helium drift 氦漂移Helium leak detector 氦检漏仪Hermetically tight seal 气密密封密封密封装置High vacuum 高真空High energy X-rays 高能X射线high frequency generator 高频发电机hoisting upright column 吊装立柱high frequency 高频Holography 全息照相术（光全息、声全息）horizontal line 水平线Hydrophilic emulsifier 亲水性乳化剂Hydrophilic remover 亲水性洗净剂亲水性去除剂Hydrostatic test 水压试验静水压试验Hysteresis 磁滞滞后hydrostatic pressure test静水压试验IACS =International Annealed Copper Standard 国际退火(软)铜标准ice 冰ice chest 冰箱ice machine 制冰机，冷冻机iconoscope 光电摄像管ID (①inside ②inside dimensions) ①内径②内部尺寸ID coil ID线圈=Inside Diameter 内径线圈Image definition 图像清晰度idea 概念，意见，思想ideal 理想的，想象的identical 同一的，恒定的，相同的identification 鉴定，辨别，验明identification mark 识别标志identifier 鉴别器identify pulse 识别脉冲idiopathetic 自发的，特发的IEM (ion exchange membrane) 离子交换膜I.F. (intermediate frequency) 中频（30～3000千周/秒）illuminance 照（明）度illuminant 照明的，发光的illuminating lamp 照明灯泡illuminating loupe 放大照明镜illuminating mirror 照明镜illumination 照明的，照射illumination apparatus 照明器illumination plate 照明板illuminator ①照明器，照明装置②反光镜illuminometer 照度计illustration(abbr. illus.) 图解，例证，具体说明image amplifier 图像放大器，影像增强器image analysis system 图像分析系统image converter 影像转换器Image contrast 图像对比度影像对比Image enhancement 图像增强image freeze 影像冻结image intensifier 像亮化器，图像增强器image intensifier tube 影像增强管image pick-up tube 摄像管Image magnification 图像放大Image quality 图像质量image monitor 图像监视器image multiplier 影像倍增器Image Quality Indicator 像质计像质指示器IQI 像质计像质指示器Image quality indicator sensitivity 像质指示器灵敏度imager 图像仪，显像仪image reproducer 显像管，显像器image quality indication 像质指示Imaging line scanner 图像线扫描器图像行扫描器image store 图像存储器image tube 显像管imagination 想象imagine 想象，推测，设想immediate payment 立即付款immersion 浸没，浸渍Immersion probe 液浸探头Immersion rinse 浸没清洗浸液清洗immersion system 浸渍装置液浸系统Immersion testing 液浸试验Immersion time 浸没时间浸入时间impacter 冲击器impact strength 冲击强度Impedance 阻抗Impedance plane diagram 阻抗平面图impedance matching 阻抗匹配impedance transducer 阻抗传感器，阻抗换能器impeller ①叶轮，转子②压缩机imperial quart 英制夸脱imperial gallon(abbr. ip gal) 英国标准加仑（英制容量单位合4.546升）Imperfection 不完整性缺陷Impulse eddy current testing 脉冲涡流检测import ①进口②输入import and export firm 进出口商行importation ①输入，传入②进口货import border station 进口国境站名import licence position 进口许可证impression 压迹，印模，版impression technic 印模术impression tray 印模盘impulse 冲动，搏动，脉冲impulse generator 脉冲发生器impulse oscilloscope 脉冲示波器impulser 脉冲发生器，脉冲传感器impulse recorder 脉冲自动记录器impulse scaler 脉冲计数器impulse timer 脉冲计数器impulse transmitting tube 脉冲发射管impurity 不纯，杂质In (①indium ②inch) ①铟②英寸（等于25.4毫米）inaction 无作用inadequacy 机能不全，闭锁不全Inc. (incorporated) 股份有限公司incandescent lamp 白炽灯inch(abbr.In;in) 英寸incidence ①入射，入射角②发生率incidental 偶发的，非主要的incident illumination 入射光incident light 入射光incident ray 入射光inclination 倾斜，斜度inclined tube type manometer 斜管式压力计include 包括，计入inclusion 包含包埋杂质incoming line 进线口incompatible 不相容的，禁忌的incompetence 机能不全，闭锁不全inconvertible 不可逆的incorporation ①并入②公司increase 增加，增大，增长indent 订单Incremental permeability 增量磁导率Indicated defect area 缺陷指示面积index ①指数，索引②指针index card 索引卡片indexer 指数测定仪，分度器index hand 指针indicated light 指示灯indicating bell 指示铃indicating lamp 指示灯indicator ①指示器，显示器②指针③指示剂indicator paper 试纸indicatrix 指示量，指示线，特征曲线index signal 指示信号indicate 指示，表明Indicated defect length 缺陷指示长度Indication 指示indifferent electrode 无关电极indiffusible 不扩散的indirect export 间接出口indirect import 间接进口indium(abbr.In) 铟individual 个体的，个别的Indirect exposure 间接曝光Indirect magnetization 间接磁化Indirect magnetization method 间接磁化法Indirect scan 间接扫查indoor 室内的induce 引起，感应，诱导induced electricity 感生电，感应电induct 感应，引导，引入inductance 电感，感应系数inductance bridge flowmeter 感应电桥流量计Induced field 感应磁场感生场Induced current method 感应电流法inductance meter 电感测定计induction ①引导，前言②感应，电感③吸气induction apparatus 感应器induction coil 感应线圈inductive transducer 感应传感器inductogram X射线照片inductometer 电感计inductor 感应器，感应机inductorium 感应器inductosyn 感应式传感器industrial(abbr.indust.) 工业的，产品的industrial exhibition 工业展览会industrial robot 工业机器人industry 工业，产业Industrial X-ray films 工业X射线胶片indutrial X-ray machin 工业X射线机industrial radiographic film dryer 工业射线胶片干燥器inert 惰性的，无效的inference 推论，推断infinite 无限的，无穷的infinitesimal 无限小的，无穷小的infinity 无穷大，无限，无限距inflame 燃，着火inflammable 可燃的，易燃的inflation 膨胀，充气，打气inflator 充气机inflow 流入，吸入，进气influence 影响，感应influx 流入，注入inform 报告，通告，告诉information 情报，资料，消息，数据information generator 信息发送器information storage unit 信息存储器infra- 下，低于，内，间infranics 红外线电子学infrared ①红外线的②红外线infrared detector 红外线探测器infrared drier 红外线干燥器infrared equipment 红外线设备infrared furnace 红外线炉infrared gas analyzer 红外线气体分析仪infrared heater 红外线加热器infrared lamp 红外线灯infrared laser 红外激光器infrared light 红外线infrared liner polarizer 红外线直线偏振镜infrared photography 红外摄影术infrared radiation 红外线照射infrared radiator 红外线辐射器infrared rays 红外线infrared spectrophotometer 红外分光光度计Infrared imaging system 红外成象系统Infrared sensing device 红外传感装置infrasonic frequency 次声频infrequent 稀有的，不常见的infrared thermography 红外热成象红外热谱Inherent fluorescence 固有荧光inherent 生来的，固有的，先天的inheritance 遗传，继承inhibition 抑制，延迟，阻滞inhibitor 抑制剂抑制器inhomogeneous 不纯的，不均匀的in-house 自身的，内部的initial 开始的，最初的initial charge 起始电荷initial data 原始数据initiator ①创造人②引发剂Inherent filtration 固有滤波Initial permeability 起始磁导率初始磁导率Initial pulse 始脉冲Initial pulse width 始波宽度始脉冲宽度injection 注射，喷射injection syringe 注射器injector 注射器，喷射器injector pump 注射泵injury 伤，损伤，损害ink 墨水，油墨ink jet printer 墨水喷射印刷机，喷水式打印机ink jet recorder 墨水喷射记录器ink writer 印字机ink writing oscillograph 记录示波仪inlay 嵌体，嵌入inlead 引入线inlet 入口，入线，输入inlet port 入口inner 内部的innocuous 无害的，良性的innovation 革新，改革innumerable 无数的，数不清的ino- 纤维inoperative 无效的，不工作的inorganic 无机的inorganic chemistry 无机化学inosculation 吻合，联合in-out box 输入-输出盒in parallel 并联in phase 同相的input 输入，输入电路input buffer 输入缓冲器input coupler 输入耦合器input device 输入装置input filter 输入滤波器input impedance 输入阻抗input output adapter 输入-输出衔接器input tranformer 输入变压器inscription 标题，注册in series 串联insert ①插入物，垫圈②插入，植入inserter 插入器，插入物insertion 插入insert tube 嵌入式X射线管inset 插页，插图，插入inside 内部，内侧，在……里面Inserted coil 插入式线圈Inside coil 内部线圈Inside-out testing 外泄检测泄出检测Inspection 检查检验insignificant 无意义的，轻微的insolation 曝晒，日照insoluble 不溶解的inspection 验收，检查，商检inspection certificate 检验证明书inspection fee 检验费inspection machine 检验设备inspection standard 检验标准inspector ①测定器②检验员inspectoscope 检查镜Inspection medium 检查介质检验介质Inspection frequency 检测频率inspissator 浓缩器，蒸浓器instability 不稳定性install 安装，装置installation ①安装②装置，设备installation fundamental circle 安装基准圆installing 安装，插入instance 例证，实例，情况instantaneous value 瞬时值，即时值instead 代替，更换instillation 滴注法，灌注institute 学会，协会，研究所institution 机关，机构，学校，制度instruction ①指示，命令②说明，说明书instruction counter 指令计数器instrument 仪器，器械，仪表instrumental error 仪器误差instrumentation ①器械，设备②器械操作法instrument air 仪表气源instrument board 仪表板instrument cabinet 器械柜instrument carriage 器械车instrument case 器械箱instrument cover 仪器外表instrument cupboard 器械柜instrument light 仪表信号灯instrument lubricant 器械润滑剂instrument rack 器械架仪器架instrumenent repairing table 器械修理台instrument stand 仪器架instrument table 器械台，器械桌insulant 绝缘材料insulated cable 绝缘电缆insulated sleeve 绝缘套管insulating oil 绝缘油insulation 绝缘，绝热，隔离insulation resistance 绝缘电阻insulator 绝缘体，绝热体insullac 绝缘漆insusceptible 不受……影响的，不接受……的intact 完整的，未受损伤的integral ①积分（的）②完整的integraph 积分仪integrated circuit(abbr.IC) 集成电路integrated circuit microelectrode 集成电路微电极integrated circuit storage 集成电路存储器integrating dosimeter 累计剂量仪integrating instrument 积分仪，积算仪表integrator 积分仪integrogram 积分图integronics 综合电子设备intellect 智力，才智intensifier ①增强器②照明装置Intensifying factor 增感系数Intensifying screen 增感屏intensimeter X射线强度计intensionometer X射线强度量计intensity 强度intensity level ①强度级（声音）②亮度intensity output 声强输出intensive 加强的，集中的，重点的inter- 在……中间，内，相互interaction 相互影响，相互作用，干扰interception 相交，折射（光）interchange 交替，交换interchanger 交换器intercondenser 中间电容器intercooler 中间冷却器interdiction 禁止，制止interest 兴趣，关心，注意，利益interesting 有趣的interface （计算机）接口界面Interval arrival time （Δtij) 到达时间差(Δtij) Interface boundary 界面interface echo 界面回波interfacial tensiometer 界面张力计interfacial tension 界面张力Interface trigger 界面触发Interference 干涉interference absorber 干扰吸收器interference filter ①干涉滤波器②干涉滤光镜interference preventer 防干扰装置interference refractometer 干涉折射计interference spectroscope 干涉分光镜interferogram 干涉图interferometer 干涉仪，干扰计interferoscope 干涉镜interior 内部，内部的interior angle welding line joint 内侧角焊缝接头intermission 间断间歇interlayer 夹层隔层intermediate frequency(abbr.I.F.) 中频（300～3000千周/秒）internal energy 内能internal exposure 体内照射internal gauge 内径规international(abbr.Int.) 国际的，世界的international candle 国际烛光international fair 国际博览会international market 国际市场international standard 国际标准international treaty 国际条约international unit(abbr. I.U) 国际单位interphase 界面interpolation 插入，内插法interpretation 翻译，解释，说明interpreter 翻译程序，翻译机interrupt 断续，中断interrupter 断流器，断续器interspace 空间，间隙，中间interstage amplifier 级间放大器inter-sync 内同步interval 间隔，时间间隔，中断期intervalometer 定时器，时间间隔计interval timer 限时器in toto 全，整体intra- 在内，内，内部interpretation 解释intrasonic 超低频intro- 入口，在内introduce ①引进，引导②前言，绪论introduction 说明书，前言，绪论intromission 插入，输入introscope 内腔检视仪，内孔窥视仪in vacuo 在真空中invagination 凹入，折入，套叠invasive 侵害的，侵入的invention 发明，创造inventor 发明者，创造者inventory ①清单，存货单②设备，机器inversion 转换，逆转inverted cone 倒锥形inverted image 倒像inverter 倒相器，交换器，换流器inverting amplifier 倒相放大器inverting eyepiece 倒像目镜invest 包埋，围模，附于investigation ①调查，研究②调查报告invisible light filter 不可见光滤光镜invisible spectrum 不可见光谱involuntary 不随意的，偶然的involve 包含，包括inward 内，向内的Io(ionium) 碘iodide 碘化物iodine(abbr. I) 碘iodo- 碘iodoform 碘仿，三碘甲烷ion pump 离子泵ion 离子ion analyser 离子分析仪ion exchange 离子交换ion exchange chromatography 离子交换色谱法ion exchanger ①离子交换器②离子交换器ion exchange resin 离子交换树脂ionic rays 离子射线ionic strength 离子强度ionic weight 离子量ionization 电离，游离，离子化ionization chamber 电离室ionization constant 电离常数ionization meter 电离测量仪ion source 离子源Ionization chamber 电离室Ionization potential 电离电位Ionization vacuum gage 电离真空计电离真空压力计ion laser 离子激光器ion meter 离子计ionocolorimeter 氢离子比色计ionogram 电离图ionometer ①X射线量计②离子计ionosphere 电离层Ionography 离子放射照相法Ir-192 Gamma ray projector 铱192 γ射线探伤机ionotron 静电消除器ion source 离子源iontoquantimeter ①X射线量计②离子计iontoradiometer X射线量计IP (iso-electric point) 等电点Ir (iridium) 铱ir- “不，无，非”（同in-,但冠于r字头的词前）iraser 红外激射器，红外激光iridium(abbr. Ir) 铱iris ①虹膜②隔膜，膜片③可变光阑iris aperture 可变光圈，可变光阑iron 铁Iron intensifying screens 铁增感屏Irradiance E 辐射通量密度，辐照度Eiron triangle 铁三角架irradiation 照光，辐射irradiator 辐照器，辐射器irregular 不规则的，无规律的irregular lighting 不规则照明irreversibility 不可逆性IR spectrophotometer 红外线分光光度计iso- 同，等，均匀isobar 等压线isochore 等容线（在等体积下温度气压关系曲线）isochrone 等时线，瞬压曲线isochronism 等时性Isolation 隔离度绝缘Isotope 同位素isolation room 隔离室isolator 绝缘体，隔离器，隔离物isomer （同分）异构体isopotential 等电势的，等电的isothermal line 等温线isotope tracer 同位素示踪物isotopic tracer 同位素指示剂，示踪ISP(infrared spectrophotometer) 红外分光光度计Jjig 夹具jigger rotor 盘车转子job site 施工现场junction box 接线盒分线箱KK value K值Kaiser effect 凯塞(Kaiser)效应Kilo volt 千伏特（kv）Kiloelectron volt 千电子伏特（keVLL/D ratio L/D比（长/径比）Lamb wave 兰姆波land (刀刃的)厚度(纹间)表面(钻头的)刃带(活塞的)环槽(柱塞的)挡圈连接盘焊接区lap width 搭接宽度Latent image 潜象Lateral scan 左右扫查横向扫描lateral translation 侧向平移layout drawing 布置图Lateral scan with oblique angle 斜平行扫查Latitude of an emulsion 胶片曝光宽容度lead foil 铅箔lead pipe铅管Lead intensifying screens 铅增感屏Lead screen 铅屏铅增感屏Leak 泄漏Leak artifact 人工泄漏标样Leak detector 检漏仪Leak testing 泄漏检测leak test 漏泄试验leakproofness 严密性防漏的Leakage field 泄漏磁场泄漏场Leakage rate 泄漏率Leveling 校平lighting fixture 照明器材level instrument 位面计, 水平仪level switch (信号)电平开关levelness 水平度lightning protection 防雷接地防雷保护lightning conduction 避雷网（闪电引导）lightning rod 避雷针Lift-off effect 提离效应Light intensity 光强度ligthing paraphernalia 照明器具（指携带式）limitation 限度局限性Limiting resolution 极限分辨率line check 小检修line number 行数line breaker 断路器线路开关Line scanner 线扫描器行扫描仪Line focus 线焦点行聚焦Line pair pattern 线对图形Line pairs per millimetre 每毫米线对数Linear electron accelerator(LINAC) 电子直线加速器Linear attenuation coefficient 线性衰减系数Linear scan 线扫查线性扫描Linearity time 线性时间Linearity distance 线性距离Linearity amplitude 线性振幅Lines of force 力线linkman name 联系人姓名lintel beam 水平横楣梁Lipophilic emulsifier 亲油性乳化剂Lipophilic remover 亲油性洗净剂亲油性去除剂Liquid penetrant examination 液体渗透检验Liquid film developer 液膜显像剂local distortion 局部变形local heat treatment 局部热处理local panel 现场配电盘Local magnetization 局部磁化Local magnetization method 局部磁化法Local scan 局部扫查Localizing cone 定位锥Location 定位Location accuracy 定位精度Location computed 定位计算Location marker 定位标记Location upon delta-T 按时差（△T）定位Longitudinal field 纵向场Location continuous AE signal 连续声发射（AE）信号定位lock washer 锁紧[止动, 防松]垫圈longitudinal 纵向的logic diagram逻辑图logistics 物流logistics flow 物流Longitudinal magnetization method 纵向磁化法Longitudinal resolution 纵向分辨率longitudinal weld 纵向焊缝longitudinal seam 纵向焊缝。

Level电子零件教材

集成電路原材料介紹
集成電路由二極管,三極管,金屬氧化物
半導體(MOS)等元器件組成.
原材料是由硅和鍺等組成.
集成電路
制造流程介紹
Fib
•Layers •Conductive •Poly Silicon •Metal •Insulating
•Pattern
Repeat Process
•Plasma Etch Wafer with Metal Circuit Pattern
背導印刷正道印刷導體燒結電阻層印刷電阻層燒結保護層Ⅰ印刷
折條
字碼燒結
字碼印刷
103
保護層Ⅱ印刷
鐳射切割
保護層Ⅰ燒結
側導
折粒
103
電鍍
測試
包裝
電容簡介
電容定義與分類電容的基本知識介紹

電容的定義與分類

電容是一個臨時存儲能量的器件.它在電路中的最大特點是通交流(ＡC)隔直流(DC). 簡稱:CAP(Capacitor) 從使用和材質分為三類
0.01 10 100 1000 10000 100000 1000000
CONFORMAL CHIP
FREQUENCY(kHz)
Epoxy Resin
*MANY SIZE VARIETION
*REFLOW SOLDERING METHOD AVAILABLE (240℃. 10 Sec )
Anode Frame
晶體振蕩器簡介
晶體振蕩器:Ｃrystal
Oscillator 在電路中的作用是給主動元件提供一個工作頻率. 基本特性:壓電效應,壓電諧振. 簡稱:晶振單位:赫茲-HZ
晶振的符號与等效電路

查三百字的放烟花英语作文

查三百字的放烟花英语作文英文回答：Fireworks, a dazzling spectacle of vibrant hues that illuminate the night sky, have captivated hearts and minds for centuries. These fleeting displays of pyrotechnic artistry transform ordinary evenings into extraordinary moments of wonder and awe.The origins of fireworks can be traced back to ancient China, where alchemists stumbled upon the explosive power of gunpowder. Initially used for military purposes, gunpowder's potential for creating dazzling displays was soon recognized. By the 10th century, Chinese artisans had mastered the technique of packing gunpowder into bamboo stalks, creating rudimentary fireworks that produced brilliant flashes of light and thunderous booms.Over the centuries, fireworks evolved and spread throughout the world, becoming an integral part ofcelebrations and festivals. In Europe, fireworks were introduced during the Renaissance, where they were eagerly embraced by royalty and the upper classes. Elaborate fireworks displays became a staple of royal weddings, state banquets, and grand military victories.The art of pyrotechnics continued to advance, and bythe 19th century, fireworks had become highly sophisticated. New techniques, such as aerial shells and colored flames, allowed for the creation of increasingly complex and breathtaking displays. The introduction of electricity in the early 20th century revolutionized the industry,enabling the precise timing and synchronization of fireworks.Today, fireworks are a global phenomenon, enjoyed by people of all ages and backgrounds. They are used to mark special occasions, such as New Year's Eve, Independence Day, and Diwali. Fireworks competitions are held around the world, where pyrotechnic artists showcase their creativity and skill in creating spectacular displays that leave audiences mesmerized.The beauty and spectacle of fireworks come at a price. The production and use of fireworks can have significant environmental and safety implications. Fireworks produce toxic emissions, air pollution, and noise pollution. They can also pose a fire hazard and cause injuries if not handled properly.Despite the potential risks, fireworks remain a popular and beloved tradition. Their ephemeral beauty and ability to evoke joy and wonder outweigh the concerns for many. However, it is important to use fireworks safely and responsibly, taking precautions to minimize their environmental impact and ensure the safety of all who enjoy them.中文回答：烟花，一种点亮夜空的鲜艳色彩的炫目光景，几个世纪以来一直吸引着人们的心灵和思想。

机械专业英语词汇

General 通用违约, breach of contract法规，规范, code 代理人, mandatory标准, standard 强制性的, mandatory, restrictive 暂行标准, tentative standard 非强制性的, optional达到标准, come up to the 条件, conditionstandard 符合, conform to (with)定标准, fix (set up) a standard 遵守, comply with标书，技术规格, specification 确认, confirm要求, requirement 证书, certificate满足要求, fulfill requirement 认可, approve (v), approval (n.) 细则, regulation 接收, accept (v.), acceptance规则, rule (n.), acceptable (a.)法律, law 评定, qualify (v.) qualification (n.) 条款, provision 满足, meet总则, general provision 许可, permit附带条件，限制性条款, proviso 拒收, reject判椐, criterion (pl. criteria) 废品, rejection约定条件, stipulation 鉴别, identify合同规定, on the stipulation that 提交, submit to合同, contract 论证, demonstrate签订合同, sign a contract 公约, convention拟订合同, draw up a contract 仲裁, arbitration公证, notarization 监控, monitor公证人, public notary 测定, detect商检, commodity inspection & 逐个检验, individual inspection testing 抽样检验, sampling inspection, 独立检验员, independent cross checkinspector 巡检, touring inspection, patrol 业主代表, representative of S / V inspection业主, owner 评价, evaluate委托人, client 试验, test签署, sign 实验, experiment要求, request 试样, specimen监理员, supervisor, surveyor 可跟踪性, traceability检查鉴定, survey 预先具有资格, prequalify检查, inspect, check, 判定，评价, judge验证, verify 责任, responsibility, obligation, 目击，见证, witness duty禁止, prohibit 折衷，兼顾, compromise建议, recommend 官方，管理局, authority满意的, satisfactory 样本, sample授权, authorize 保证, assure文件, document 通知单, notification审查, review 通知, notify (v.) notice (n.)会议纪要, minutes 同心度, concentricity数量, quantity 同轴度, axiality质量, quality 平行度, parallelism质量控制, quality control(Q.C) 圆度, roundness质量保证, quality 平面度, planenessassurance(Q.A) 随机的, random缺陷, defect 不平, uneven损坏, damage 空心, hollow临界的, critical 同心, concentricity受控文件, valid document 偏心, eccentric停止点, hold point(H) 表面粗糙度, surface roughness 交货, delivery 尺寸公差, dimension tolerance 竣工图, as-built drawing 允许误差, admissible error原始记录, original record 上偏差, upper deviation传阅, recycle 下偏差, lower deviation批注, comment 尺寸, dimension答复, reply 长度, length紧急, urgent 宽度, width宣读, read out 高度, height直线度, straightness 厚度, thickness垂直度, perpendicular 深度, depth平整度, flatness 跨度, span直径, diameter 转速, rotary speed半径, radius 方向, direction外径, outer diameter 指南, guide内径, inner diameter 选定, choose口径, caliber 选择, select拱度, camber 挑选, pick挠度, deflection 炉批号, heat / plate number, 旁弯, lateral flexure heat batch径向跳动, runout 炉、批, lot or heat端面跳动, endface runout 编制, drafting中心线偏斜, lack of alignment 签发, sign & issue弯曲, flexure, bending 执行, performance斜度, slope 报标, invitation for tender角度, angle 投标, tender, bid对角线, diagonal 开标, bid opening平行线, parallel 中标, success of bid中心线, center line 询价, inquiry斜线, oblique line 标价, quotation of prices, offer 切线, tangential line 不相符, non-conformance轮廓线, contour line 遗漏, omission原点，起点, original 去掉, remove指标, index 更换, renew修补, repair 抗拉强度, tensile strength几何形状, geometry 屈服强度, yield strength型号, model 弯曲角, angle of bending暂时, temporarily 冲击韧性试验, impact cupping 测量, measure test附件, annex, attachment 压扁试验, squeezing test修正, amend 侧弯试验, side bend test型材, bar stock 背弯试验, root bend test湿气, moisture 面弯试验, face bend test发出, issue 纵弯试验, axial bend test填写, fill in 硬度试验, hardness test开工会, kick-off meeting 破断延伸率, percentage of间距, interval elongation of break承包商, contractor 断面收缩率, percentage分保商, subcontractor seduction of area供货商, supplier 无损检测, nondestructive test操作错误, operate missing (NDT)签证, visa 破坏试验, destructive test敲打检查, hammering test 外观检查, visual examination拉伸试验, tensile test 超声波探伤, ultrasonic test (UT) 冲击韧性, impact toughness 射线探伤, radiographic test(RT) 冲击功, impact work 磁粉探伤, magnetic particle test(MT) 清除, decontaminate渗透探伤, penetrant test (PT) 失败，故障, failure密封性试验, leak test 断裂, fracture气密试验, air tight test 塌陷，凹陷, collapse压力试验, pressure test 中断, discontinuity水压试验, hydraulic test 裂缝, crack气压试验, pneumatic test 发裂, flaw冲水试验, fill water test 龟裂, fissure宏观组织检查, macroscopic 毛细裂纹, capillary crack examination 起始裂纹, incipient crack 微观组织检查, microcosmic 断层裂纹, fault fissure examination 积水, stagnant water侵蚀, erosion 船舱, cabin底片, radiographic test film Processing 工艺变形, distortion 加工, processing, working 试运行, trial operation 工艺学, technology永久变形, permanent 工艺技术, technique deformation 工艺的, technologic凸起, camber 工位, station, position凸出, protrusion 工序, procedure, operation 凹进, concave 工步, step超出, protrude beyond 车间, shop, workshop工厂, mill, factory, manufacturer 备件, spare part工地、现场, site 裸装件, nudes外场, yard, field 散装件, odd lot, odds & ends侧面, side 拆包, unpackaging断面, section 工件, workpiece结构, structure, construction 装箱单, packing list构件, 部件, member, component焊接, Welding零件, part, element 对接焊, butt welding机构, mechanism 角焊, fillet welding装置, device 搭接焊, lap welding机件, machinery 船形焊, fillet welding in down机械零件, mechanical element hand基准, datum 塞焊, plug welding水平基准线, horizontal reference 平焊, down hand weldingline 横焊, horizontal position welding 精度, accuracy 立焊, vertical position welding 余量, allowance 仰焊, overhead position welding 组件, assemble 全位置焊, all position welding分装件, subassemble 平角焊, horizontal fillet welding 包装, package 仰角焊, fillet welding in the外协件, cooperation overhead外购件, purchase part 衬垫焊, welding with backing单面焊双面成形, one-side weldingwelding with back formation 药芯焊丝CO2 气保焊, arcos arc 定位焊, tack welding process, dual shielded arc堆焊, surfacing welding返修焊, rewelding 单面焊, welding by one side补焊, repair welding 双面焊, welding by both sides隔离层堆焊, buttering 单道焊, single pass welding手工焊, manual welding 多道焊, multi-pass welding自动焊, automatic welding 单层焊, single layer welding焊条电弧焊, shielded metal arc 多层焊, multi-layer welding welding(SMAW) 连续焊, continuous welding埋弧焊, submerged arc 断续焊, intermittent welding welding(SAW) 打底焊, backing welding气保焊, gas shielded arc welding 盖面焊, cosmetic welding氩弧焊, argon arc welding 分段退焊, backstep welding钨极氩弧焊, argon tungsten arc 纵缝, longitudinal seam welding 横缝, transverse seam熔化极惰性气体保护焊, MIG 环缝, circumferential seam钨极惰性气体保护焊, TIG 螺旋缝, spiral seam活性气体保护电弧焊, metal 坡口, grooveactive-gas arc welding (MAG) 坡口面, groove faceCO2 气保焊, carbon-dioxide arc 坡口面角度, level angle坡口角度, groove angle 凹形角焊缝, concave fillet weld 坡口高度, groove depth 交错断续角焊缝, staggered钝边, root face intermittent fillet weld钝边高度, thickness of root face 并列断续角焊缝, chain根部间隙, root gap intermittent fillet weld根部半径, root radius 密封焊缝, seal weld根部锐边, root edge 熔透焊缝, penetration beadI 型坡口, square groove 保留垫板, permanent坡形板边（削薄）, tapered edge 临时垫板, temporary backing 焊缝表面, weld face 垫板, backing焊缝背面, back of weld 铜垫板, copper backing焊缝尺寸, size of weld 焊剂垫, flux backing焊缝厚度, throat thickness 引弧板, run-on tab end tab熔深, penetration 引出板, run-off tab end tab焊缝成形, appearance of weld 引弧, arc start, arc burning余高, reinforcement 熄弧, arc outage, arc blowout 背面余高, root reinforcement 焊接工艺评定, welding焊脚, leg procedure qualification(WPQ)焊缝腰高, theoretical throat 焊接工艺规程, welding焊根, weld root procedure specification(WPS)焊趾, weld toe 焊接工艺参数, welding凸形角焊缝, convex fillet weld parameter焊接电流, welding current 捻缝, caulking电弧电压, arc voltage 中间焊层, intermediate weld焊接速度, weld travel speed layer预热, preheat 划线, mark off后热, postheat 熔渣, slag层间温度, interpass temperature 焊缝穿越孔, weld access hole 焊后热处理, post weld heat 焊态, as-weldtreatment 过热组织, overheated structure 焊接环境, welding surroundings 魏氏组织, Widmannst? tten焊工考试, welder qualification structuretest 层状偏析, lamellar segregation 清根, root back gouged, back 熔合线, bound linechipping 热影响区, heat-affected zone 清渣, slag removal (HAZ)定位板（马〕, strong-back 碳当量, carbon equivalent电弧偏吹, arc flow 晶间腐蚀, intercryctalline熔滴, droplet corrosion拼接, splice 敏化区腐蚀, weld decay焊缝清理, weld cleaning 焊接残余应力, welding residual 气刨, gouge stress批凿, chip 消除应力, stress relieving锤击, peening 退火消除应力, stress relievingby annealing 未焊透, incomplete penetration 焊接残余变形, welding residual 未熔合, incomplete fusion deformation 未焊满, Incompletely filled weld 角变形, angular distortion 根部缺陷, root concaving波浪变形, wave-like deformation 电弧擦伤, arc scratch, arc strike 扭曲, twisted 夹渣, slag inclusion收缩, shrinkage 白点, fish eye反变形, backward deformation 错边, dislocation, mismatching, 刚性固定, rigid fixing misalignment校正, straighten 分层, stratification火焰校正, flame straightening 嵌条, insert焊接缺陷, weld defect 飞溅, spatter裂纹, crack 机械擦伤, mechanical damage 层状撕裂, lamellar tearing 焊缝成形差, rough weld气孔, blowhole 锤痕, hammering pit密集气孔, porosity 麻点, pock虫形气孔, worm hole 边缘不平整, rough edge咬边, undercut 剥落, peel焊瘤, overlap 弧坑, crater凹坑, pit 焊道曲折, zigzag weld烧穿, burn through 外形规整, smooth contour塌陷, excessive penetration 歪斜, crooked翘曲, warping 胎架, placentas焊接材料, welding consumables 压缩空气, compressed air焊条, electrode 焊接量规, weld gauge酸性焊条, acid electrode 测温笔, tempil stick碱性焊条, basic electrode 打磨, grind (ground)低氢焊条, low hydrogen type 焊钳, electrode holderelectrode 砂轮机, grinder焊剂, welding flux 钢丝刷, wire brush焊丝, welding wire 砂纸, sand-paper镀铜焊丝, copper -plating 砂布, emery clothwelding wire 气焊, gas welding药心焊丝, flux-cored wire 氧-乙炔焊, oxy-acetylene电弧焊机, arc welding machine welding弧焊电源, arc welding power 热喷涂, thermal sprayingsource 气割, gas cutting焊条保温筒, thermostat for 电弧切割, arc cuttingelectrode 等离子弧切割, plasma arc cutting 干燥箱, dryer (PAC)地线, earth lead 空气等离子弧切割, air plasma地线夹头, earth clamp arc cutting平台, platen 仿形切割, shape cutting滚轮架, turning roll 数控切割, NC cutting碳弧气刨, carbon arc air gouging coating坡口切割, bevel cutting 锌粉底漆硬化剂, curing agent, 切割面质量, quality of cut face hardener缺口, notch 溶剂, solvent挂渣, adhering slag 溶剂气化, solvent boiling结瘤, dross 稀释剂, thinner周边焊, around welding 环氧富锌漆, epoxy zinc rich电弧偏吹, arc blow primer焊态, as-welded 磷化漆, Phosphorized painting 铜垫板, copper chill plate 沥青, asphalt焊接熔池, weld pool 表面预处理, surface焊接区, weld region pretreatment送丝速度, wire feed speed 喷砂, sand blasting反变形, backward deformation 喷丸, shot blasting收缩变形, contraction 除锈, rust removal, derusting deformation 除漆, depainting翘曲变形, deflection deformation 脱脂, degreasing油漆, Painting除氧化皮, scaling底漆, primer painting, under 喷涂, spray paintingcoating 刷涂, brushing中层漆, intermediary painting 防锈, antirust面漆, finishing painting, top 辊涂, roller-painting电镀, electroplating (D.F.T)镀锌, galvanized 湿膜厚度, wet film thickness 腻子, putty (W.F.T.)刮腻子, puttying 膜厚仪, film thickness gauge 擦净, scouring 粘度计, viscosity meter晾干, airing 露天, open嵌填, implant 含水量, moisture content防滑面漆, finishing non-slip paint 混合比例, mixing ratio清漆, varnish 风向, fan angle防锈漆, rust preventive oil 清洁度, cleanliness脱脂漆, antirust grease 覆盖度, coverage防锈纸, rust preventive paper 露点测量器, dew point搅拌, stirring calculation条纹状涂层, stripe coating 汽化, flash off色素, pigment 再喷涂最小间隔, minimum沉淀, sediment recoating interval无空气喷漆, airless spray 附着力试验, paint adherence 相对湿度, relative air humidity test, cross-hatch test湿度计, moisture gauge, 附着力, adhesion psychomotor 密度, density粗躁度, profile roughness 起泡, blistering干膜厚度, dry film thickness 气泡, bubble气孔, blowhole 自然老化, weathering针孔, pin hole 飞漆, overspray起皱, wrinkling, crumple 漆渣, paint dregs凹坑, pitting 油漆烧焦, burnt &charred paint 流淌, running 褪色, discolour; fading流挂, sagging 粉状表面, powdery surface起皮, peeling 污染, contamination桔皮状, orange peeling 鳞片, lamination发黑, blackening 刮痕, scratch泛黄, yellowing 堆积, accumulation开裂, cracking 混浊膜, blushing颜色和光泽不均匀, uneven 烤焦, boilingcolour & gloss 粘附, sticks涂层中夹灰和砂, retention of 浪费油漆, over consumption of dust &sand paint厚度不均匀, uneven thickness of 隐蔽部位, hidden pastfilm 散布, scattered露底, holiday 残余物, residues剥落, peel off 光泽, gloss脱皮, spalling 均匀地, evenly刷痕, brush mark 尾状漆, tailing渗色, bleeding 灰尘, dust锈, rust 拔缘, side bending干燥, drying 矫正、校形, correction,油漆附着力强度值, painting rectificationadherence strength value 矫直, straightening, leveling 氧化皮, oxide scale 校平, flattening冷作, cold work 划线, laying out配作, matching making 切断, cutting对称制作, symmetrical 打样冲眼, center-punching 排料, blank layout 锯切, sawing放样, lofting, layout 錾削, chipping展开, development 铲去, chips off号料, layout off 压皱, corrugate胀形, bulging 锉削, filing扩口, flaring ,expanding 堵孔, hole plugging缩口, necking 出白, baring拱曲, arching 工件, work piece放边, release side 嵌补, inserting卷边, curling, crimping 贴补, patching折边, hemming, folding 榫接, rabbet翻边, flanging 抛光, polishing刨边, edge planning 机械加工, Machining,修边, trimming Mechanical working钳工加工, bench working 镗削, boring砂纸打磨, sanding 插削, slotting找正, centering 拉削, (pull) broaching配键, key fitting 推削, push broaching刮研, spotting-in, rescraping 铲削, relieving, backing-off配研, running-in, facing-up 刮削, scraping毛刺, burr 磨削, grinding去毛刺, deburring 滚削, hobbing无毛刺, out buss 扩孔, counterboring, core drilling 打磨修正, dress 冲孔, punching, piercing,修磨光滑, dressed smooth perforation滚花, knurling 钻中心孔, centering倒角, chamfering 模具, die, mould倒圆角, sounding, filleting 力矩扳手, torque wrench倒钝锐边, breaking sharp 铆接, rivetingcorners ，rounding sharp edges 剪断, shearing车削, turning rolls 锯断, sawing铣削, milling 粘接, glued joint,刨削, planning, shaping adhesive-bonding钻孔, drilling热处理, Heat treatment铰孔, reaming 表面热处理, surface heat锪削, spotting treatment固溶处理, solution heat 偏析, segregationtreatment 白点, flake, white spot稳定化处理, stabilizing treatment 软点, soft spot水韧处理, water toughening 晶粒, grain渗碳, carburization, carburizing 晶界, grain boundary渗氮, nitriding 断口, fracture磷化, phosphating总装, general assembly硬化, 强化, hardening 零件装配, component assembly 时效, ageing 部件装配, subassembly退火, annealing 配合, fit正火, normalizing 安装, erection, installation淬火, quenching 拆卸, disassembly, dismantle 回火, tempering 磨擦, friction调质, quenching& tempering 磨损, abrasion, wear脱碳, decarbonization 润滑, Lubrication过烧, burning 集中润滑, central lubrication过热, overheating 分散润滑, separate lubrication 冷脆, cold brittleness 泄漏, leakage热( 红) 脆, hot(red) shortness 密封, seal氢脆, hydrogen embrittlement 填料函( 箱), stuffing box蓝脆, blue brittleness 填料, packing回火脆性, temper brittleness 铸造, Casting冒口, riser, feeder 滚压, rolling浇口, gate, sprue 拉延, drawing粘砂, burning-on 拉拔, drawing, draft砂眼, sand hole 轧制, rolling气眼, air pocket 弯形, bending结瘤, heel 弯管, pipe bending多肉, metallic projections 卷园, edge coiling残缺, incompleteness 切口, lancing冷隔, cold shut 翻孔, hole flanging缩孔, shrinkage 滚园, rolling circle清砂, cleaning 下料, cropping铸型, mold 冲压件, stamping型芯, core 回弹, spring-back铸件, casting 展宽, spreading锻造, Forging 角裂, chink锻件, forge piece 飞边, flash off成形, forming 连皮, wad, slug辊形, roll forming 凸耳, earing冲压, stamping, pressing, 隆起、堆积, piling, build-up punching 烧损, scale (heating)loss冲裁, 落料, blanking 缩孔, shrinkage cavity旋压, spinning 缺肉, underfill非金属夹杂, non-metallic 装船机, ship loaderinclusions 卸船机, ship unloader折（重）叠, lap, overlap 堆取料机, stacker-reclaimer错差, mismatch 前大梁, boom粉末冶金, Powder 后大梁, girdermetallurgy立柱，支腿, leg粉末冶金制品, powder product 海侧, seaside烧结结构零件, sintered 陆侧, landsidestructural part 上横梁, upper beam手提电脑, notepad, laptop 下横梁, sill beam程序, program 连接横梁, horizontal beam软盘, floppy disk 梯形架, A-frame, pylon软件, software 大平衡梁, upper equalizer光盘, CD-ROM 中平衡梁, intermediate equalizer 病毒, virus 小平衡梁, lower equalizer杀毒, kill virus 主动车架, driving bogie数码像机, digital camera 从动车架, driven bogie容量, capacity 前拉杆, forestayCrane 起重机后拉杆, backstay桥吊, quayside crane (R.M.Q.C) 斜撑杆, diagonal bar轮胎吊, rubber tyred gantry 机器房, machinery housecrane(RTG) 司机室, operator's cab电器房, electrical room 吊具调整装置, trim, list & skew 理货室, check's cab device俯仰操纵室, boom hoist cab 安全钩, boom latch, safe hook 小车, trolley 电缆卷筒, cable drum, cable大车, gantry winder托缆小车, catenary trolley 电缆拖令, festoon cable吊具, spreader 车挡, stopper上架, headblock 避雷针, lightning rod电梯, elevator 灭火器, fire extinguisher吊钩横梁, hook beam 防摇装置, anti-sway device辅助结构, auxiliary structure 防跳装置, anti-bouncer后置平台, rear platform 防松装置, slack-preventing倾转平台, trim / list / skew (T / L / deviceS) platform 起升滑轮, main hoist reel上铰座, upper bracket 牵引滑轮, trolley travel reel下铰座, lower bracket 俯仰滑轮, boom hoist reel防挂仓装置, snag load device 出绳罩, ropes outlet hood锚定装置, anchor device 吊耳, lifting lug顶轨装置, rail brake device 铰点, hinge防风系缆, tie down 隔板, diaphragm防碰撞装置, bumper 腹板, web轨道夹钳, rail clamp 盖板, flange纵向加筋, longitudinal fillet 折边板, edgefold plate承轨梁, track girder, rail beam 支承板, bracket横梁, transverse beam, cross 支架, supportbeam 拉板, tie plate伸缩梁, telescopic beam 档板, baffle吊具导板, flipper 钩销, hook pin吊具转销, spreader twistlock 联接板, link plate梯子, ladder 泄水孔, drainage hole阶梯, stop, stair 排水孔, outlet entrance平台, platform 排水管, draw-off tube走台, footwalk, walkway 铭牌, name plate扶手, hand rail 钢丝绳, steel wire, rope栏杆, railing 卷扬筒, drum护栏, protection cage 马达, motor直梯, vertical stair 减速器, reducer斜梯, inclined stairs(ladder) 滑轮, reel, sheave, pulley 踢脚板, skirting boards, foot 制动器, brakepanel 制动盘, brake disc波纹板, corrugated plate 制动瓦块, brake shoe花纹板, chequered plate 制动鼓, brake drum网板, wire-mesh plate 制动带, brake belt格栅板, grating plate, grid plate 制动杠杆, brake lever联轴节, coupling 链条, chain万向联轴节, universal coupling 车轮, wheel离合器, clutch 轮缘, wheel flange齿轮, gear 轮毂, wheel hub内齿轮, internal gear 轮辐, wheel spoke外齿轮, external gear 轮胎, tyre斜齿轮, helical gear 皮带轮, blot pulley人字齿轮, double helical gear 惰轮, idle wheel伞齿轮, bevel gear 吊钩, lifting hook太阳中心齿轮, sun gear 抓斗, grab, bucket行星齿轮, planet gear 弹簧, spring蜗轮, worm gear 紧固件, fastener蜗杆, worm 螺栓, bolt齿条, rack 高强度螺栓, high strength bolt 轴, axle, shaft 螺母, nut偏心轴, encentric shaft 防松螺母, grip nut花键轴, shine shaft 螺钉, screw轴套, shaft sleeve 垫圈, washer轴瓦, shaft bush 弹簧垫圈, spring washer轴承, bearing 螺纹, thread轴承座, bearing support 铆钉, rivet链轮, sprocket 钉, nail键, key 限位开关, limit switch销, pin 继电器, relay开口销, split pin 电刷, electrical brush闩, latch 接头, plug铰链, hinge 插座, socket, consent钢轨, rail brake 配电箱, distributing box配重, counter-weight 控制箱, control box压重, ballast 开关柜, switch cabinet备件, spare parts 配电盘, distributer定位块, fix block 按钮, button, knob调整块, adjustment block 开关, switch cabinet压板, clip 断路器, breaker, disconnector 鱼尾板, fish plate 熔断器, Fuse液压系统, hydraulic system 变压器, transformer齿接触面积, teeth contact area 整流器, rectifier噪声水平, noise level 接触器, contactor润滑, lubricate 电缆, cable润滑剂, lubricant 电源, power supply泄漏, leakage 绝缘, insulation手柄, handle 接地, earthing柴油箱, diesel oil box 电缆槽, cable conduit电气系统, electrical system 电气接线箱, electricalconnection box 维修行车, maintenance crane 故障估测系统及装, MMI soft 柴油机房, diesel engine room ware 防风系统装置, tie down device 调试, debugging 顶轨器, rail brake试车, commission 测量洋冲孔, punch mark for电梯自由坠落试验, falling test measuring硅胶, silicone 临时焊缝, temporary weld纵倾, trim 液压泵站, hydraulic pump横倾, list station扭转, skew 缓冲器, buffer, bumper主起升, mail hoist 大车缓冲器, bridge bumper俯仰, boom hoist 离合器, clutch出口孔, outlet hole 回转架, Rotary hanger进口孔, inlet hole 直梯横档, rung捆扎, bind & fix 双箱梁, Double box girder予紧力矩, pretightening torque 单箱梁, Mono-box girder温升, raising of temperature 涨紧装置, Tension device密闭箱体, hermetic box 换绳装置, Rereeving system三面成型, before classing box 空调, Air conditionerwith last plate 加油点, Oiling point四面成型, box closed with last 托辊, idlerplate 挡绳器, Rope stopper抗剪块, Stop dog 耐久性试验, endurance test 车轮踏面, tread 达克罗处理, Dacro控制电缆, Signaling cable 移动障碍, obstruction of光缆, Optic fiber movement of hand over the油污表, contaminant gauge railing pipe穿钢丝, thread, reeve 螺旋扣, knob布线, wire 楔套, wire socket接线, terminating 楔, wedge海绑, sea fastening 绳夹, clamp大梁对中, boom alignment 耐磨板, wire-resisting plate编码器, encoder 航空灯, aviation light发运, delivering 投光灯, flood light船运安全性, cargo security 照明灯, illuminating lamp控制台, console 应急灯, emergency lamp操纵板, console panel 重锤限位, hammer limit防撞装置, anti-collision device 轮压, wheel pressure防震装置, anti-vibration 定位块, location block橡胶垫, rubber pad 抗剪块, anti-cut block油箱, oil reservoir 抗磨块, anti-wear block过滤器, filter 清扫装置, cleaning device软管, hose 挡绳装置, ward off rope device 防松, anti-loose 涨紧装置, tensioning device挡圈, check ring 中心梁, center rail活塞, piston 底侧梁加强板, bottom side rail 油标, oil indicator reinforcement卸扣, shackle 中心梁TIR 加强板, centre rail 双箱吊具, twin-spreader TIR patch抓斗, grab bucket 大底横梁, large cross member 牵引装置, tow device 小底横梁, small cross member 换绳装置, rope changer 门端底横梁, first cross member, 联动装置, linkage rear end cross member电缆槽, cable groove 地板支撑角铁, floor support扎带, bandage angle衰减, attenuation 叉槽角钢, fork lift pocket angle 贴合面, faying surface 叉槽底板, fork lift pocket bottom 临时焊缝, temporary weld (lower) plateRMQC, Rail Mounted Quayside 叉槽顶板, fork lift pocket top Crane (upper) plate防风颤装置, dampen device 叉槽横梁, fork lift pocket side抱箍, U-bolt memberContainer 集装箱鹅颈槽, gooseneck tunnel底架, Base frame 鹅颈槽枕梁, bolster底侧梁, bottom side rail (B.S.R.) 鹅颈槽底梁, tunnel bow底横梁, cross beam, X-member 鹅颈槽外伸梁, tunnel outrigger鹅颈槽侧梁, tunnel side rail 后角板, rear roof gusset鹅颈槽板, tunnel plate 前端, front end中底梁( 45’,)intermediate 前端板, front panelbottom side rail 前角柱, front corner post外底侧梁(45’,) bottom side rail 前顶角件, front top cornerend casting fitting侧部, side 前底角件, front bottom corner侧板, side panel casting fitting边侧板, end side panel 端框, end frame大侧板, main panel 前底梁, front bottom end rail顶侧梁, top side rail (T.S.R.) 前底角件, front bottom corner顶板, roof panel casting fitting角防护板, corner protection 前底梁加强板, front bottom rail plate patch前角板, front roof gusset 前角柱加强板, front corner post 外顶侧梁(45') , top side rail end stiffener中上顶梁( 45') ,intermediate top 底角加强板, bottom cornerrail upper stiffener中下顶梁(45' ), intermediate top 防撞槽钢, cone damagerail lower protector中角加强板(45') , intermediate 前底梁保护槽钢, front protection reinforcement channel前TIR 加强板, front TIR patch 门楣加强板, door header gusset 前顶梁, front top end rail 后顶板, rear top panel前顶板, front top panel 门槛, door sill固定棒, lashing bar 门槛加强板, door sill gusset中内角柱(45') , intermediate post 防撞槽钢, door burnper, rear inner protection channel中外角柱(45') , intermediate post 铰链开口, rear frame cut out for outer hinges系绳环, lashing ring 后加强板, rear reinforcement通风窗, ventilator 后TIR 加强板, rear TIR patch后端, rear end 门页, door leaf (leaves)后角柱, rear corner post 门横梁, door horizontal member 后内角柱, rear corner post inner 门纵梁, door vertical member后外角柱, rear corner post outer 门板, door panel后角柱内垫板, rear corner post 碰板, slam plateinner spacer 铰链耳, hinge lug后角柱内加强板, rear corner 门挡板, door keeperpost stiffener 铰链, hinge后下角TIR 填板, rear corner TIR 铰链叶, hinge bladefiller 铰链销, hinge pin后角柱边槽, shoring slot 铰链销衬垫, hinge pin bush门楣, door header 门五金件, door hardware锁件, twist lock 封胶, sealing(S/L)锁杆, locking rod 丁基密封胶, butyl sealant锁头, locking cam 氯化密封胶, chloroprene sealant 锁座, cam keeper 硅胶, silicon sealant把手, handle 地板, floor board把手铰链, handle hinge 防虫处理板, immunization plate 把手铰链销, handle hinge pin 上漆地板, urethane coated把手固定夹, handle hub plywood floor铆钉, rivet 安全合格牌, safety approval实芯铆钉, solid rivet plate抽芯铆钉, blind rivet 综合标记牌, consolidated data开花钉, drive rivet plate哈克螺栓, Huck bolt CSC 安全认可, CSC safety六角头螺栓, hexagon head boil approval螺母, Nut 国际铁路联盟标记, UIC Mark园头螺栓, round head bolt 国际公路运输海关公约认可, TIR 弹簧垫圈, spring washer approval plate自攻螺钉, self tapping screw 船级社标, class emblem密封圈, gasket 检验合格标, seal of inspection橡胶门封条, rubber gasket society密封圈夹持片, gasket 木材检疫标, immunization plate keeper(retainer) 农林徽, farming and forestingbadge 载重, payload标志, logo 箱重, tare weight铭牌, name plate 容积, cubic capacity箱主代码及系列号, owners code 样箱试验, prototype test& serial No. 批量试验, batch test集装箱自动识别码标志, A.E.I 堆码试验, stacking testTag 起吊强度试验, lifting strength油漆标, paint decal test核对数字, check digit 顶角件起吊强度试验, vertical高度标, height mark lifting test from top corner fitting超高标, over height mark 底角件起吊强度试验, vertical材料表标, material list decal lifting test from bottom corner制造厂标, manufacturers decal fitting国家代码, counting code 叉举强度试验, lifting test from超重标, super heavy decal fork pocket斑马标, zebra mark, stripe mark 地板强度试验, floor strength test 重量标, weight decal 拴固试验, restraint test堆码警告标, stack caution decal 端壁强度试验, side wall strength 箱标, decal, decalcomania test不干胶标, self-adhesive film 侧壁强度试验, rackingdecal transverse test毛重, gross weight 横向刚性试验, rackinglongitudinal test 冷藏集装箱, reefer container纵向刚性试验, roof strength test 折叠式集装箱, collapsible顶板强度试验, roof strength test container , folding container水密试验, Water tightness test 绝热集装箱, insulated container 风雨密试验, weather proofness 内柱式集装箱, inner post type test container漏光试验, light leak test 平台集装箱, platform container 拉伸强度试验, tensile strength 托盘集装箱, pallet container test(lashing test 平面板式集装箱, smooth panel 空载, unloaded container加载, loading 台架式集装箱, platform based满载, loaded container支承, support 真空集装箱, vacuum container 偏码, offset stacking 货箱集装箱, van container偏置, misgather 拆卸式货物集装箱, demountable 冷却试验, cooling test cargo container扭曲试验, twisting test 挂衣集装箱, hanger container试验小车, vehicle 保温集装箱, thermal container隔热试验, heat leakage test 干散货集装箱, drt bulk container 干货箱, closen van 通风集装箱, ventilated container 钢干货箱, steel dry cargo 侧开门集装箱, side door container container货笼, cargo cage 高低板（错边〕, mismatch 总装, main assembly, general 偏焊, welding windage assembly 点距, dot pitch部装, sub-assembly 箱门卡住, seized door波形板, corrugation shape 污染物, contamination超角件, protrude over the corner 铅封, customer sealing fitting 去油脂, decreasing未渗透, insufficient penetration 开卷, decoding工位, station 柯定钢, corton夹具, jig 排水, drainage胎架，装配架，定位装置, fixture 曲折形, zigzag下线, off-line 海关封板, custom catch堆场检验（验箱〕, yard inspection 凹凸不平的, accidented二次打砂, second shot blasting 日( 夜) 班, day (night) shift 堵洞, caulking (C) 坠落试验, drop test堵洞后上漆, caulking & painting 分层, delamination(C+P) 胶合板, plywood歪斜, askew 密封剂, sealant撞伤, damage 刨花, excelsior封胶, sealing (S/L) 铅封, lead sealing稀释剂除油, solvent (S/V) 启封, unsealing修补, touch up (T/V) 主外侧板, side panel(outer)内侧板, side lining 发泡, foaming内衬板, lining 三明治, sandwich副底板, sub-floor 聚氨脂, polyurethane顶连接板, top win plate 密封胶带, separating foil, close底连接板, bottom win plate cell skim tap后外门槛, door sill (outer) 绝缘胶带, insulation tap后内门框, door sill (inner) 粘接剂, primer门槛压板, base lining cover 门槛发泡垫, shim foaming门内衬板, door inner lining 密封胶, sealing compound内门封, door sealing inside Pressure vessel & boiler 压堵头, sleeve nut力容器和锅炉漏水器, drain mounting 换热器, heat exchanger排水槽, gutter 造粒塔, prilling exchanger门垫, door gasket 变换炉, shift converter垫唇, gasket lip 压缩机, compressor装货口, charging hatch 吸收塔, absorber卸货口, discharging hatch 脱气塔，再生塔, stripper箱顶风道, ceiling air duct 蒸汽过热器, steam superheater 箱底风道, floor air duct 分离器, separator绝热壁, insulation wall 洗涤塔, scrubber除尘盖, dust cap 精制塔，分馏塔, rectifying发泡材料, insulation foam column。

质量英文词汇

1.PDCA：Plan、 Do、Check、Action 策划、实施、检查、处置2.PPAP：Production PartApproval Process 生产件批准程序3.APQP：Advanced ProductQuality Planning 产品质量先期策划4.FMEA：Potential FailureMode and Effects Analysis 潜在失效模式及后果分析5.SPC：Statistical ProcessControl 统计过程控制6.MSA：Measurement SystemAnalysis 测量系统控制7.CP：Control Plan 控制计划8.QSA：Quality SystemAssessment 质量体系评定9.PPM：Parts Per Million 每百万零件不合格数10.QM：Quality Manua 质量手册11.QP：Quality Procedure 质量程叙文件/Quality Planning 质量策划/Quality Plan 质量计划12.CMK ：机器能力指数13.CPK ：过程能力指数14.CAD：Computer-AidedDesign 计算机辅助能力设计15.OEE：Overall Equipment Effectiveness 设备总效率16.QFD：Quality FunctionDeployment 质量功能展开17.FIFO：First in, First out 先进先出18.COPS：Customer OrientedProcesses 顾客导向过程19.TCQ：Time、Cost、Quality 时间、成本、质量20.MPS：Management Processes 管理性过程21.SPS：Support Processes 支持性过程22.TQM：Total QualityManagement 全面质量管理23.PQA：Product QualityAssurance 产品质量保证(免检)24.QP-QC-QI ：质量三步曲，质量计划－质量控制－质量改进25.QAF：Quality AssuranceFile 质量保证文件26.QAP：Quality AssurancePlan 质量保证计划27.PFC：Process Flow Chart 过程流程图28.QMS：Quality ManagementSystems 质量管理体系29.JIT：Just In Time 准时(交货)30.ERP：EnterpriseRequirement Planning 企业需求计划31.QC：Quality Control 质量控制32.QA：Quality Audit 质量审核/QalityAssurance 质量保证33.IQC：In Come QualityControl 进货质量控制34.IPQC：In Process QualityControl 过程质量控制35.FQC：Final QualityControl 成品质量控制36.OQC：Out Quality Control 出货质量控制37.4M1E：Man、 Machine、 Material、 Method、 Environment 人、机、料、法、环38.5W1H：Why、What、Who、When、Where、 How 为何/做什么/谁做/时间/地点/如何做39.6S：Seiri、Seiton、Seiso、Seiketsu、Shitsuke、Safety 整理、整顿、清扫、清洁、素质、安全40.TRI 值： Total Record Injury(三种)可记录工伤值41.SMART ：精明原则， SpecificMeasurable Achievable Result Oriented Timed(具体的描述、可以测量的、可以通过努力实现的、有结果导向性的、有时间性的)企业常用英文缩写1.5S：5S 管理2.ABC ：作业制成本制度(Activity-BasedCosting )3.ABB ：实施作业制预算制度(Activity-BasedBudgeting )4.ABM ：作业制成本管理(Activity-BaseManagement)5.APS ：先进筹画与排程系统(AdvancedPlanning and Scheduling)6.ASP ：应用程序服务供货商( ApplicationService Provider)7.ATP ：可承诺量(Available ToPromise)8.AVL ：认可的供货商清单( ApprovedVendor List)9.BOM ：物料清单( Bill OfMaterial )10.BPR ：企业流程再造( BusinessProcess Reengineering)11.BSC ：平衡记分卡( BalancedScoreCard )12.BTF ：计划生产( Build ToForecast)13.BTO ：定单生产( Build To Order)14.CPM ：要径法( Critical PathMethod )15.CPM ：每一百万个使用者会有几次抱怨( Complaintper Million)16.CRM ：客户关系管理(CustomerRelationship Management)17.CRP ：产能需求规划( CapacityRequirements Planning )18.CTO ：客制化生产( ConfigurationTo Order)19.DBR ：限制驱导式排程法( Drum-Buffer-Rope)20.DMT ：成熟度验证( DesignMaturing Testing )21.DVT ：设计验证( DesignVerification Testing )22.DRP ：运销资源计划( DistributionResource Planning )23.DSS ：决策支持系统( DecisionSupport System )24.EC ：设计变更/工程变更( EngineerChange)25.EC ：电子商务( ElectronicCommerce)26.ECRN ：原件规格更改通知( EngineerChange Request Notice)27.EDI ：电子数据交换( ElectronicData Interchange)28.EIS ：主管决策系统( ExecutiveInformation System )29.EMC ：电磁相容( ElectricMagnetic Capability)30.EOQ ：基本经济订购量(EconomicOrder Quantity)31.ERP ：企业资源规划( EnterpriseResource Planning )32.FAE ：应用工程师( FieldApplication Engineer)33.FCST ：预估( Forecast)34.FMS ：弹性创造系统( FlexibleManufacture System)35.FQC ：成品质量管理( Finish orFinal Quality Control )36.IPQC: 制程质量管理(In-ProcessQuality Control )37.IQC ：进料质量管理(IncomingQuality Control )38.ISO ：国际标准组织( InternationalOrganization for Standardization)39.ISAR ：首批样品认可( InitialSample Approval Request)40.JIT ：实时管理( Just In Time)41.KM ：知识管理( KnowledgeManagement)42.L4L ：逐批订购法( Lot-for-Lot)43.LTC ：最小总成本法( Least TotalCost)44.LUC ：最小单位成本( Least UnitCost)45.MES ：创造执行系统( ManufacturingExecution System)46.MO ：制令( Manufacture Order)47.MPS ：主生产排程( MasterProduction Schedule)48.MRO ：请修(购)单( MaintenanceRepair Operation)49.MRP ：物料需求规划( MaterialRequirement Planning )50.MRPII ：创造资源计划( ManufacturingResource Planning)51.NFCF ：更改预估计的通知 Notice forChanging Forecast52.OEM ：委托代工( OriginalEquipment Manufacture)53.ODM ：委托设计与创造( OriginalDesign & Manufacture)54.OLAP ：在线分析处理( On-LineAnalytical Processing )55.OLTP ：在线交易处理( On-LineTransaction Processing)56.OPT ：最佳生产技术(OptimizedProduction Technology)57.OQC ：出货质量管理(Out-goingQuality Control )58.PDCA：PDCA 管理循环( Plan-Do-Check-Action )59.PDM ：产品数据管理系统( ProductData Management)60.PERT ：计划评核术( ProgramEvaluation and Review Technique)61.PO ：定单( Purchase Order)62.POH ：预估在手量( Product onHand )63.PR ：采购申请( PurchaseRequest)64.QA ：品质保证(QualityAssurance)65.QC ：质量管理(Quality Control )66.QCC ：品管圈(Quality ControlCircle)67.QE ：品质工程(QualityEngineering )68.RCCP ：粗略产能规划( Rough CutCapacity Planning )69.RMA ：退货验收( ReturnedMaterial Approval )70.ROP ：再订购点( Re-Order Point)71.SCM ：供应链管理(Supply ChainManagement)72.SFC ：现场控制(Shop FloorControl )73.SIS ：策略信息系统( StrategicInformation System)74.SO ：定单( Sales Order)75.SOR ：特殊定单需求( Special OrderRequest)76.SPC ：统计制程管制( StatisticProcess Control )77.TOC ：限制理论(Theory ofConstraints)78.TPM ：全面生产管理( TotalProduction Management)79.TQC ：全面质量管理( Total QualityControl )80.TQM ：全面品质管理( Total QualityManagement)81.WIP ：在制品( Work In Process)QS:Quality system 品质系统CS:Coutomer Sevice 客户服务QC:Quality control 品质管理IQC:Incoming quality control 进料检验LQC:Line Quality Control 生产线品质控制IPQC:In process quality control 制程检验FQC:Final quality control 最终检验OQC:Outgoing quality control 出货检验QA:Quality assurance 品质保证SQA:Source(supplier) Quality Assurance 供应商品质保证(VQA) CQA：Customer Quality Assurance 客户质量保证PQA rocess Quality Assurance 制程品质保证QE:Quality engineer 品质工程CE:component engineering 零件工程EE:equipment engineering 设备工程ME:manufacturing engineering 创造工程TE:testing engineering 测试工程PPE roduct Engineer 产品工程IE:Industrial engineer 工业工程ADM: Administration Department 行政部RMA:客户退回维修CSDI:检修PC:producing control 生管MC:mater control 物管GAD: General Affairs Dept 总务部A/D: Accountant /Finance Dept 会计LAB: Laboratory 实验室DOE:实验设计HR:人资PMC:企划RD:研发W/H:仓库SI:客验PD: Product Department 生产部PA:采购(PUR: Purchaing Dept)SMT:Surface mount technology 表面粘着技术MFG:Manufacturing 创造MIS:Management information system 资迅管理系统DCC:document control center 文件管制中心QT:Quality target 品质目标QP:Quality policy 目标方针QI:Quality improvement 品质改善CRITICAL DEFECT:严重缺点(CR)MAJOR DEFECT:主要缺点( MA)MINOR DEFECT:次要缺点( MI)MAX:Maximum 最大值MIN:Minimum 最小值DIA iameter 直径DIM imension 尺寸LCL:Lower control limit 管制下限UCL:Upper control limit 管制上限EMI:电磁干扰ESD:静电防护EPA:静电保护区域ECN:工程变更ECO:Engineering change order 工程改动要求(客户) ECR:工程变更需求单CPI:Continuous Process Improvement 连续工序改善Compatibility ：兼容性Marking ：标记DWG rawing 图面Standardization ：标准化Consensus ：一致Code ：代码ZD:Zero defect 零缺点Tolerance ：公差Subject matter ：主要事项Auditor ：审核员BOM:Bill of material 物料清单Rework ：重工ID：identification 识别,鉴别,证明PILOT RUN: (试投产)FAI:首件检查FPIR：First Piece Inspection Report 首件检查报告FAA:首件确认SPC ：统计制程管制CP: capability index (准确度)CPK: capability index of process(制程能力)PMP:制程管理计划(生产管制计划)MPI:制程分析DAS efects Analysis System 缺陷分析系统PPB ：十亿分之一Flux ：助焊剂P/N:料号L/N：Lot Number 批号Version ：版本Quantity ：数量Valid date ：有效日期MIL-STD：Military-Standard 军用标准ICT: In Circuit Test (路线测试)ATE：Automatic Test Equipment 自动测试设备MO: Manafacture Order 生产单T/U: Touch Up (锡面修补)I/N:手插件P/T:初测F/T: Function Test (功能测试-终测)AS 组立P/K:包装TQM:Total quality control 全面品质管理MDA:manufacturing defect analysis 制程不良分析(ICT) RUN-IN:老化实验HI-pot ：高压测试FMI：Frequency Modulation Inspect 高频测试DPPM: Defect Part Per Million(不良率的一种表达方式：百万分之一) 1000PPM 即为 0.1% Corrective Action: (CAR 改善对策)ACC ：允收REJ:拒收S/S：Sample size 抽样检验样本大小SI-SIV：Special I-Special IV 特殊抽样水平等级CON：Concession / Waive 特采ISO:国际标准化组织ISA：Industry Standard Architecture 工业标准体制结构OBA:开箱稽核FIFO:先进先出PDCA:管理循环Plan do check action 计划，执行，检查，总结WIP:在制品(半成品)S/O: Sales Order (业务定单)P/O: Purchase Order (采购定单)P/R: Purchase Request (请购单)AQL:acceptable quality level 允收品质水准LQL;Limiting quality level 最低品质水准QVL:qualified vendor list 合格供应商名册AVL ：认可的供货商清单(Approved Vendor List) QCD: Quality cost delivery (品质，交期，成本) MPM:Manufacturing project management 创造专案管理KPI:Key performance indicate 重要绩效指标MVT:Manufacturing Verification Test 创造验证试产Q/R/S：Quality/Reliability/Service 质量/可靠度/服务STL:ship to line (料到上线)NTF:No trouble found 误判CIP:capacity improvement plan (产能改善计划) MRB:material review board (物料审核小组)MRB:Material reject bill 退货单JIT:just in time (即时管理)5S:seiri seiton seiso seiketsu shitsuke(整理，整顿，清扫，清洁，修养)SOP:standard operation process (标准作业程序)SIP:Specification inspection process 制程检验规格TOP: Test Operation Process (测试作业流程)WI: working instruction (作业指导书)SMD:surface mounting device (表面粘着原件)FAR:failure aualysis report 故障分析报告CAR:Corrective action report 改善报告BPR：企业流程再造 (Business Process Reengineering)ISAR ：首批样品认可(Initial Sample Approval Request)-JIT ：实时管理 (Just In Time)QCC ：品管圈 (Quality Control Circle)Engineering Department (工程部)TQEM: Total Quality Environment Management(全面品质环境管理)PD: Production Department (创造)LOG: Logistics (后勤支持)Shipping: (进出口)AOQ：Average Output Quality 平均出货质量AOQL：Average Output Quality Level 平均出货质量水平FMEA：failure model effectiveness analysis 失效模式分析CRB: Change Review Board (工程变更会议)CSA：Customer Simulate Analysis 客户摹拟分析SQMS：Supplier Quality Management System 供应商品质管理系统QIT: Quality Improvement Team 品质改善小组QIP：Quality Improvement Plan 品质改善计划CIP：Continual Improvement Plan 持续改善计划M.Q.F.S: Material Quality Feedback Sheet (来料品质回馈单) SCAR: Supplier Corrective Action Report (供货商改善对策报告)8D Sheet: 8 Disciplines sheet ( 8D 单)PDCA：PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Action) (管理循环)MPQ: Material Packing Quantity (物料最小包装量)DSCN: Delivery Schedule Change Notice (交期变更通知) QAPS: Quality Assurance Process Sheet (品质工程表)DRP ：运销资源计划 (Distribution Resource Planning)DSS ：决策支持系统 (Decision Support System)EC ：电子商务 (Electronic Commerce)EDI ：电子资料交换 (Electronic Data Interchange)EIS ：主管决策系统 (Excutive Information System)ERP ：企业资源规划 (Enterprise Resource Planning)FMS ：弹性创造系统 (Flexible Manufacture System)KM ：知识管理 (Knowledge Management)4L ：逐批订购法 (Lot-for-Lot)LTC ：最小总成本法 (Least Total Cost)LUC ：最小单位成本 (Least Unit Cost)MES ：创造执行系统 (Manufacturing Execution System)MPS ：主生产排程 (Master Production Schedule)MRP ：物料需求规划 (Material Requirement Planning)MRPⅡ：创造资源计划 (Manufacturing Resource Planning)OEM ：委托代工 (Original Equipment Manufacture)ODM ：委托设计与创造 (Original Design & Manufacture)OLAP ：线上分析处理 (On-Line Analytical Processing)OLTP ：线上交易处理 (On-Line Transaction Processing)OPT ：最佳生产技术 (Optimized Production Technology)PDCA：PDCA 管理循环 (Plan-Do-Check-Action)PDM ：产品数据管理系统 (Product Data Management))RCCP ：粗略产能规划 (Rough Cut Capacity Planning)SCM ：供应链管理 (Supply Chain Management)SFC ：现场控制 (Shop Floor Control)TOC ：限制理论 (Theory of Constraints)TQC ：全面品质管制 (Total Quality Control)FYI/R:for your information/reference 仅供参考ASAP:尽快S/T:Standard time 标准时间TPM:total production maintenance ：全面生产保养ESD Wrist strap ：静电环IT:information technology 信息技术，资讯科学CEO：Chief Executive Officer 执行总裁COO：Chief Operaring Officer 首席业务总裁SWOT：Strength,Weakness,Opportunity,Threat优势﹐弱点﹐机会﹐威胁Competence ：专业能力Communication ：有效沟通Cooperation ：统御融合Vibration Testing ：振动测试IDP：Individual Development Plan 个人发展计划MRP：Material Requirement Planning 物料需求计划MAT'S：Material 材料LRR：Lot Rejeet Rate 批退率ATIN：Attention 知会3C：Computer ,Communication , Consumer electronic消费性电子5W1H：When , Where , Who , What , Why , Ho5M: Man , Machine , Material , Method , Measurement人,机器,材料,方法,测量4MIE: Man,Material,Machine,Method,Environment人力,物力,财务,技术,时间(资源)7M1I: Manpower , Machine , Material , Method, Market , Management , Money , Information 人力，机器，材料，方法, 市场，管理，资金，资讯Accuracy 准确度Action 行动Activity 活动Analysis Covariance 协方差分析Analysis of Variance 方差分析Approved 承认Attribute 计数值Average 平均数Balance sheet 资产负债对照表Binomial 二项分配Brainstorming Techniques 脑力风暴法Cause and Effect Matrix 因果图(鱼骨图)CL:Center Line 中心线Check Sheets 检查表Complaint 投诉Conformity 合格(符合)Control 控制Control chart 控制(管制)图Correction 纠正Correlation Methods 相关分析法CPI: continuouse Process Improvement 连续工序改善Cross Tabulation Tables 交叉表CS:Customer Sevice 客(户)服(务)中心DSA: Defects Analysis System 缺陷分析系统Data 数据 Description:品名DCC: Document Control Center 文控中心Decision 决策、判定Defects per unit 单位缺点数Description 描述Device 装置Do 执行DOE: Design of Experiments 实验设计Element 元素Engineering recbnology 工程技Environmental 环境Equipment 设备Estimated accumulative frequency 计算估计累计数E Equipment Variation 设备变异External Failure 外部失效,外部缺陷FA: Failure Analysis 失效分析Fact control 事实管理Fatigue 疲劳FMEA: Failure Mode and Effect Analysis 失效模式与效果分析FP First-Pass Yield (第一次通过)合格率FQA: Final Quality Assurance 最终品质保证FQC: Final Quality control 最终品质控制Gauge system 测量系统Grade 等级Histogram 直方图Improvement 改善Initial review 先期审查Inspection 检验Internal Failure 内部失效、内部缺陷IPQC: In Process Quality Control 制程品质控制IQC: Incomming Quality Control 来料品质控制IS International Organization for Standardization 国际标准化组织LCL: Lower Control limit 管制下限LQC: Line Quality Control 生产线品质控制LSL: Lower Size Limit 规格下限Machine 机械Manage 管理Materials 物料Measurement 测量Median 中位数MSA: Measurement System Analysis 测量系统分析Occurrence 发生率Operation Instruction 作业指导书Organization 组织Parto 柏拉图PPM arts per Million (百万分之)不良率Plan 计划Policy 方针Population 群体PQA: Process Quality Assurance 制程品质保证Practice 实务(践)Prevention 预防Probability 机率Probability density function 机率密度函数Procedure 流程Process 过程Process capability analysis 制程能力分析(图)Process control and Process capability 制程管制与制程能力Product 产品Production 生产Projects 项目QA: Quality Assurance 品质保证QC: Quality Control 品质控制QE: Quality Engineering 品质工程QFD: Quality Function Desgin 品质机能展开(法)Quality 质量Quality manual 品质手册Quality policy 品质政策(质量方针)Random experiment 随机试验Random numbers 随机数R:Range 全距(极差)Reject 拒收Repair 返修Repeatusility 再现性Reproducibility 再生性Requirement 要求Responsibilities 职责Review 评审Reword 返工Rolled yield 直通率RPN: Risk Priority Number 风险系数Sample 抽样,样本Sample space 样本空间Sampling with replacement 放回抽样Sampling without replacement 不放回抽样Scatter diagram 扩散图分析Scrap 报废Simple random sampling 简单随机取样Size 规格SL: Size Line 规格中心线Stratified random sampling 分层随机抽样SOP: Standard Operation Procedure 标准作业书SPC: Statistical Process Control 统计制程管制Specification 规范SQA: Source(Supplier) Quality Assurance 供货商品质保证Stage sampling 分段随机抽样Standard Deviation 标准差Sum of squares 平方和Taguchi-method 田口(试验)方法Theory 原理TQC: Total Quality Control 全面品质控制TQM: Total Quality Management 全面品质管理Traceablity 追溯Training 培训UCL: Upper Control Limit 管制(控制)上限USL: Upper Size Limit 规格上限Validation 确认Variable 计量值Verification 验证Version 版本VOC: Voice of Customer 客户需求VOE: Voice of Engineer 工程需求Inventory stock report:庫存清单报告Sales order report:出货报告QC quality control 品质管理人员FQC final quality control 终点质量管理人员IPQC in process quality control 制程中的质量管理人员OQC output quality control 最终出货质量管理人员IQC incoming quality control 进料质量管理人员TQC total quality control 全面质量管理POC passage quality control 段检人员QA quality assurance 质量保证人员OQA output quality assurance 出货质量保证人员QE quality engineering 质量工程人员FAI first article inspection 新品首件检查FAA first article assurance 首件确认CP capability index 能力指数CPK capability process index 模具制程能力参数SSQA standardized supplier quality audit 合格供货商质量评估FMEA failure model effectiveness analysis 失效模式分析AQL Acceptable Quality Level 运作类允收质量水平S/S Sample size 抽样检验样本大小ACC Accept 允收REE Reject 拒收CR Critical 极严重的MAJ Major 主要的MIN Minor 轻微的Q/R/S Quality/Reliability/Service 质量/可靠度/服务P/N Part Number 料号L/N Lot Number 批号AOD Accept On Deviation 特采UAI Use As It 特采FPIR First Piece Inspection Report 首件检查报告PPM Percent Per Million 百万分之一SPC Statistical Process Control 统计制程管制SQC Statistical Quality Control 统计质量管理GRR Gauge Reproductiveness & Repeatability 量具之再制性及重测性判断量可靠与否DIM Dimension 尺寸DIA Diameter 直径N Number 样品数QIT Quality Improvement Team 质量改善小组ZD Zero Defect 零缺点QI Quality Improvement 质量改善QP Quality Policy 目标方针TQM Total Quality Management 全面质量管理RMA Return Material Audit 退料认可7QCTools 7 Quality Control Tools 品管七大手法ECN Engineering Change Notice 工程变更通知(供货商)ECO Engineering Change Order 工程改动要求(客户)PCN Process Change Notice 工序改动通知PMP Product Management Plan 生产管制计划SIP Standard Inspection Procedure 制程检验标准程序SOP Standard Operation Procedure 创造作业规范IS Inspection Specification 成品检验规范BOM Bill Of Material 物料清单PS Package Specification 包装规范SPEC Specification 规格DWG Drawing 图面ES Engineering Standard 工程标准CGOO China General PCE 龙华厂文件IWS International Workman Standard 工艺标准ISO International Standard Organization 国际标准化组织GS General Specification 普通规格PMC Production & Material Control 生产和物料控制PCC Product control center 生产管制中心PPC Production Plan Control 生产计划控制MC Material Control 物料控制DC Document Center 资料中心QE Quality Engineering 质量工程(部)QA Quality Assurance 质量保证(处)QC Quality Control 质量管理(课)PD Product Department 生产部LAB Laboratory 实验室IE Industrial Engineering 工业工程R&D Research & Design 设计开辟部PCs Pieces 个(根,块等)PRS Pairs 双(对等)CTN Carton 卡通箱PAL Pallet/skid 栈板PO Purchasing Order 采购定单MO Manufacture Order 生产单D/C Date Code 生产日期码ID/C Identification Code (供货商)识别码SWR Special Work Request 特殊工作需求L/N Lot Number 批号P/N Part Number 料号OEM Original Equipment Manufacture 原设备创造PC Personal Computer 个人计算机CPU Central Processing Unit 中央处理器A.S.A.P As Soon As Possible 尽可能快的E-MAIL Electrical-Mail 电子邮件N/A Not Applicable 不合用QTY Quantity 数量I/O input/output 输入/输出NG Not Good 不行,不合格C=0 Critical=0 极严重不允许APP Approve 核准,认可,承认CHK Check 确认ASS'Y Assembly 装配,组装T/P True Position 真位度5WIH When, Where, Who, What, Why, How to6M Man, Machine, Material, Method, Measurement, Message4MTH Man, Material, Money, Method, Time, How 人力,物力,财务,技术,时间(资源) SQA Strategy Quality Assurance 策略质量保证DQA Design Quality Assurance 设计质量保证MQA Manufacture Quality Assurance 创造质量保证SSQA Sales and service Quality Assurance 销售及服务质量保证LRR Lot Reject Rate 批退率SPS Switching power supply 电源箱DT Desk Top 卧式(机箱)MT Mini-Tower 立式(机箱)DVD Digital Video DiskVCD Video Compact DiskLCD Liquid Crystal DisplayCAD Computer Aided DesignCAM Computer Aided ManufacturingCAE Computer Aided EngineeringPCB Printed Circuit Board 印刷电路板CAR Correction Action Report 改善报告NG Not Good 不良WDR Weekly Delivery Requirement 周出货要求PPM Percent Per Million 百万分之一TPM Total Production Maintenance 全面生产保养MRP Material Requirement Planning 物料需计划OS Operation System 操作系统TBA To Be Assured 待定,定缺D/C Drawing ChangeP/P Plans & ProcedureEMI Electrical-Music Industry 电子音乐工业Electrical Magnetic Interference 电子干扰RFI Read Frequency Input 读频输入MMC Maximum Material ConditionMMS Maximum Material SizeLMC Least Material ConditionLMS Least Material SizeLED lighting-emitting diode 发光二极管。

轻工业英语词汇M

macaroni 空心面mace oil肉豆蔻油maceration 浸渍machinability 可加工性machine 机器machine for finish decatizing 汽蒸整理机machine for testing elasticity of yarn 纱线弹性试验机machine knitting 机齐织machine made lace 机织花边machine milking 机品奶machine oil 机油machine sewing 机旗纫machine spun yarn机械纺纱的细纱machine tool 工赘机madeira马德拉白葡萄酒magnesium chloride 氯化镁magnesium soap 镁皂magnetic brake 磁性闸magnetic recording tape 磁带magnetic ring磁性钢领magnetic roller 磁性上辐magnetic tape 磁带magnetic tape recorder 磁带录音机magnetic tension device 磁性张力装置magnifier放大镜magnifying glass 放大镜main cylinder 嘱筒main fermentation 症酵main head液压机顶梁main shaft 轴main sook漂白细薄棉织物maintenance 保持maintenance costs 维持费maize 玉米maize oil玉米油majolica马约里加陶器making up 缝制making up cutting 缝制载剪making up plant 月艮装厂malaga马拉加葡萄酒malate苹果酸盐male die 阳模male mold 阳模maleic resin 马来尸mali fabric马利织物malic acid苹果酸malimo fabric马利莫缝编织物malipol fabric马利波尔织物maliwatt fabric马利瓦特织物mallorizing瞬间巴氏杀菌malnutrition营养不良malt麦芽malt beer黑啤酒malt bin麦芽桶malt bread麦芽包malt cleaner麦芽洗涤机malt cleaning麦芽洗涤malt coffee麦芽咖啡malt couch麦芽片malt culms 麦根malt extract麦芽浸出液malt flour麦芽粉malt kiln麦芽干燥炉malt mill麦芽粉碎机malt piece麦芽片malt plow麦芽搅拌器malt polisher麦芽磨光机malt silo麦芽存仓malt sugar麦芽糖malt turner麦芽搅拌机malt vinegar 麦芽醋maltase麦芽糖酶malted milk 麦芽孚Lmalthenes马青烯malthouse麦芽厂malting 麦芽制造malting floor 发芽室malting loss麦芽制造损失maltitol麦芽糖醇maltodextrin麦芽糊精maltose麦芽糖maltose equivalent 麦芽糖当量man made fiber 人造纤维man made fiber fabric化学纤维织物man made protein fiber 人造蛋白质纤维man made rubber 人造橡胶mandarin oil 桔子油mandrel印花辐筒芯子;模芯mangle expression 轧液率mangle roller 轧液辐mango芒果mangosteen 倒捻子manifold 料道manila hemp 马尼拉麻manioc木薯mannan 甘露聚糖mannequin时装模特儿mannite 甘露糖醇mannitol甘露糖醇mannose甘露糖manteau 披风maple槭树枫树maple sirup 槭糖汁maple sugar 槭糖marble大理石marchpane小杏仁饼margaric acid十七烷酸margarine人造奶油margarine factory人造奶油生产厂margarite珍珠云母margin of safety 安全系数marine soap 海水皂marjoram马郁兰marjoram oil 马郁兰油mark标i记1 一口口口marker 标号器marker making 打印market milk市售鲜奶marking color商标标记颜色marmalade马茉兰marocain 棱纹绉marrow骨髓marseilles soap 马赛皂marshmallow果汁软糖martindale limit马丁代尔条干均匀度值marzipan小杏仁饼mash麦芽汁mash agitator麦芽汁搅拌机mash copper麦芽汁浸煮锅mash filter麦芽汁过滤器mash goods麦芽汁产品mash liquor麦芽汁液mash tank糖化大槽mash tub糖化桶mash tun糖化桶mashed potato马铃薯泥masher麦芽汁水合机mashing淀粉糖化mashing system 糖化法mashing test糖化试验mashing water麦芽汁液masking reagent 隐闭齐Llmass culture大量培养mass production 大量生产massecuite 糖膏masterbatch 母料mastic乳香mastication 素炼masticator 素炼机match火柴material with laid pile 排绒整理织物material with upright pile 立绒织物materials for neck ties 领带材料materials for summer cloth 夏期用织物mating surface 啮合面matrix阴模matted wool 毡制毛matting 消光mattress 褥mattress drill 斜纹布褥maturation 熟成maturity熟成度maturity index熟成度指数maximum load 最大负荷maximum output 最大功率mayonnaise 蛋黄酱mead蜂蜜酒meal粗粉mean fiber length纤维平均长度mean value平均值measure 量测measurement 测量measurement of luster 光泽测试measuring 测量measuring apparatus 量器measuring clock计数器测长器measuring instrument 量器measuring machine with cloth inspecting table 测长验布台measuring motion 测长装置measuring roller 测长辐measuring scale 测量刻度measuring tank 量槽measuring vessel 量器meat食用肉类meat ball 肉丸meat cutter 切肉机meat cutting room 切肉间meat extract 肉浓汁meat flavor 肉风味meat grinder 绞肉机meat inspection 肉品检验meat juice 肉汁meat mixer肉混和机meat packing plant 肉类加工厂meat powder 肉粉meat processing 肉加工meat processing industry 肉类加工业meat product 肉制品meat quality 肉质meat sauce 肉羹meat slicer 切肉机mechanical bonding 机械结合法mechanical crack机械性裂缝mechanical deterioration 机械损伤mechanical draft 强制通风mechanical draft cooling tower 机械通风凉水塔mechanical efficiency 机械效率mechanical flocking 机械植绒mechanical mixture 机械混合物mechanical pulp 细桨mechanical refrigeration 机械冷冻mechanical slub catcher 机械式清纱器mechanical woodpulp 细桨mechanically controlled switch 机械控制开关medical soap 药用皂medical textile 医用织物medio yarn中等纱medium介质;中级羊毛medium count 中支数medium titer 中纤度medium yarn 中支纱melamine formaldehyde resin 蜜胺甲醛尸melange混色效应melange gillbox混条针梳机melange yarn 混纺纱melanin 黑素melanoidin 类黑精melibiase 蜜二糖酶melissyl alcohol 蜂花醇melon甜瓜melt adhesive热熔型粘剂melt index熔化指数melt spinning熔体纺丝melt spinning process 熔体纺丝法melt viscosity 熔体粘度melt zone熔体区melting 熔化melting point 熔点melton fabric麦尔登呢membrance valve 薄膜阀membrane 膜membrane filter薄膜过滤器memory wheel 记忆轮men's clothing 男月艮men's wear 男服mending 缝补mending needle 织布用针menthol薄荷醇menthone薄荷酮mercerization 浸碱酌mercerized cloth 丝光布mercerized yarn 丝光纱线mercerizer 丝光机mercerizing padder 丝光浸轧机mercerizing process 丝光工序mercury 汞meringue 蛋白酥皮卷merino wool美利奴羊毛merino yarn美利奴针织毛纱meristele美利奴羊mesh筛目mesocarp中果皮metabolism新陈代射metal chelating dye金属络合染料metal filament 金属长丝metal foil金属箔metal heddle金属综片metal tube金属管metallic card金属针布梳理机metallic card clothing 金属针布metallic cloth金属线织物metallic coating 金属涂层metallic pigment 金属颜料metallic roller 金属罗拉metallic soap 金属皂metallic stearate金属硬脂酸盐metallic thread 金属线metallic yarn 金属线metallized dye金属络合染料metallized fiber金属涂层纤维metallo organic pigment 半无机颜料metanil yellow 间胺黄meter计量器计metering screw 计量螺杆metering section 计量段metering zone 计量段methionine 蛋氨酸method of masurement 测量法method of weaving 机织法methyl alcohol 甲醇methyl benzoate苯甲酸甲酯methylated alcohol 甲基化酒精methylated spirit 甲基化酒精methylene 甲叉methylene blue 亚甲基蓝methylene green 亚甲绿methylionone甲基紫罗兰酮metrical system of numbering 支数测定公制体系mica云母micelle 胶束microanalysis 微量分析microbe微生物microcomponent 微量组分microcrystalline wax 微晶蜡microelement微量元素microfiber 微纤维micromanipulator显微操作微型操阻备microorganism 微生物microscope 显微镜microscopy显微镜检查法microstructure 显微组织microtome 切片刀mid position of heddle shafts 综框中部位置middle roller 中罗拉middle roving中等粗纱middling 中级midew proof 耐霉性migration 移动migration of color 色移动milanese fabric米兰尼斯经编织物milanese knitting machine 米兰尼斯经编机mildew 霉milk牛奶milk beverage 乳饮料milk biscuit 奶饼milk bottle 奶瓶milk bottle filling machine 牛乳装瓶机milk bread乳面包milk chocolate牛奶巧克力milk coffee牛奶咖啡milk cooler牛奶冷却器milk fat 乳脂milk food乳制食品milk heater牛奶加温器milk industry 乳业milk polant 乳品厂milk powder 奶粉milk powder collector 奶粉收集器milk processing factory 牛奶加工厂milk product 乳制品milk production 牛奶生产milk protein 乳蛋白质milk pump 奶泵milk serum 乳清milk sterilizer牛奶灭菌器milk tank贮乳槽milking machine 挤奶机milkstone乳结石milky glass乳白玻璃mill磨粉机mill room面粉厂mill spun yarn机械纺纱的细纱millboard 厚纸milled rubber挠炼橡胶miller磨坊millerator破碎分离机milling塑炼;缩绒milling acid dye耐缩绒酸性染料milling by products 面粉副产品milling industry 磨坊业milling machine 缩绒机milling plant 面粉厂milling product 面粉产品millipore filter 微孔滤器minced meat 绞碎肉minced meat ball 肉末丸子mineral color矿物染料mineral dye矿物染料mineral fiber矿物纤维mineral filler 无机填料mineral oil 矿物油mineral pigment矿物性颜料mineral substance 矿物质mineral water 矿泉水minium铅丹mink skin水貂皮mint薄荷mirabilite 芒硝mirror glass 镜玻璃mirror handle 镜柄miscibility 混性mispick 错纬misreed 穿错miss of weft 纬松档mite壁虱mitochondria 线粒体mitten连指手套mixed adhesive混合粘合剂mixed chamber 混合室mixed color effect 混色效应mixed fermentation 混合发酵mixed jam混合果酱mixed pass 混合穿经mixed yarn混纺纱mixed yeast混合酵母mixer混合机mixing掺合mixing chamber 混合室mixing condenser混合式冷凝器mixing drum 混合鼓mixing head 混频头mixing machine 混合机mixing mill辐式破碎机mixing nozzle 混合喷嘴mixing opener 混棉机mixing ratio 混合比mixing roll 混合辐mixing room 混棉间mixing tank 混合槽mixture混合物mixture ratio 混合比mixture yarn 混纺纱mobility运边性淌度mobilometer 淌度计moccasin鹿皮鞋mock up模型modacrylic fiber变性聚丙烯月青纤维modalic fiber莫代尔纤维model模型modeling模型化modification 改质modified resin 变性尸modified starch 变性淀粉modified synthetic fiber 变性合成纤维modified wood改性木材modifier改良剂modifying agent 改良剂module模数modulus 模数modulus in compression 压缩模数modulus in flexure 揉曲模量modulus in shear 切变模数modulus in tension拉伸弹性模量modulus in torsion 拉转模量mohair yarn 马海毛纱moistener 增湿器润湿器moistening 给湿moisture 水分moisture content 含水量moisture loss水分损失moisture regain 回潮率moisturemeter 湿度计molar fraction克分子分率molasses 糖蜜molasses pulp 糖浆molasses pump 糖浆泵molasses tank糖浆母槽mold 霉mold cavity 模槽mold clamping pressure 合模压力mold closing 闭模mold inhibitor 抑霉剂Llmold insert模型镶嵌物mold locking force 合型力mold mark模具痕mold release agent 离型齐11mold retaining flange 模型定位法兰mold temperature 成型温度moldability 成型性molded article 塑型物molded laminated section 模制层压形材molded laminated tube 模制层压管材molded screw模压螺丝molded thread模压模纹molding 模制molding compound 模塑料molding cycle成型周期molding defect 模制欠缺molding machine 制模机molding material 模塑料molding operation 造型操作molding powder 塑粉molding press 压模机molding pressure 造型压力molding resin 成型尸molding shrinkage 成型收缩molding technique 模制技术molding temperature 模制温度molding time成型时间molding tool 蜡盏棒molecular compound 分子化合物molecular distillation 分子蒸馏molecular heat 分子热molecular sieve 分子筛monofilament 单丝monoglycerid单酸甘油脂monomer 单体monosaccharide 单糖类monose单糖类moquette家具绒头织物mordant媒染剂mordant dye媒染染料mordant yellow 媒染黄mordanting 媒染mosaic镶嵌物mote knife除尘刀moth蚕蛾moth proof finishing 防蛀整理moth proofing agent 防蛀剂mother cell 母细胞mother liquor 母液mother of pearl 珍珠母mother solution 母液motion of shuttle 梭子运动mottle斑点mountain wool山地野羊毛mounting 安装mounting machine卷绕针布机mounting plate 安装板movable platen 可动板movement of the ring rail钢领板往复运动movement of the sley 箝座运动movement of the warp 经纱运动moving roller 移动罗拉mucin粘液素mucoid类粘蛋白mucous membrane 粘膜mud泥浆muff dyeing袖笼绞纱染色muffle furnace 蒙烀炉mule室内女式拖鞋mule carriage 走车mule draft走锭牵伸mule spinning走锭纺纱mule spinning machine 走锭细纱机mule yarn走锭纱mullen burst testing马伦式织物顶破强力试验mullite富铝红柱石multi bath process 多浴方法multi cavity mold 多巢模multi cellular glass 泡沫玻璃multi color effect 多色花纹multi color pattern 彩色图案multi color printing 多色印花multi color technics 彩色技术multi colored warp 多色经纱multi daylight press 多层压机multi lever dryer多层干燥机multi purpose finish 多性能整理multi roller padding mangle 多辐轧染机multi tube heat exchanger 多管式热交换器multifilament 复丝multifilament yarn 复丝multiplate freezer多板式冻结装置multiple box loom多梭箱织机multiple carity mold 多巢模multiple colored yarn 多色纱multiple effect evaporation 多效蒸发multiple effect evaporator 多效蒸发器multiple layer fabric 多层织物multiple linen复多层亚麻布multiple screw extruder 螺杆挤塑机multiple stage compressor 多级压缩机multiplied yarn 多股线multistage compressor 多级压缩机multistage pump 多级泵muscarine蕈毒碱muscat wine 香葡萄酒muscle肌肉muscle protein肌肉蛋白质muscovite白云母mushroom 蘑菇mushroom catsup 蘑菇盈mushroom sauce 蘑菇沙司musk 香musk melon 甜瓜muslin平纹细布muss resistance 防捏皱性must鲜葡萄汁mustard 芥末mustard oil 芥菜油mutage防止发酵mute弱音器mutton羊肉mutual solubility 互溶度mycelium 菌丝体mycoderma链酵母mycotoxin 霉菌毒素myofibril肌原纤维myofibrillar protein 肌纤维蛋白质myogen肌浆肮myoglobin肮红蛋白myosin 肌球蛋白nacre珍珠层nail 钉nail drawer 拨钉钳nail extractor 拨钉钳nail puller 拨钉钳nailed joint 钉连接nainsook平纹轻软棉织物nainsook check 斜纹格棉布name plate 名牌nap cloth起绒织物naphthalene 萘naphthaline 萘naphthenic soap 环烷皂naphthol 萘酚naphthol green 萘酚绿naphthol yellow 萘酚黄napkin餐巾naples yellow 拿浦黄napless finish除绒毛整理napping 拉绒napping machine 起绒机napping roller 起绒辐narcotic麻醉剂narrow fabric狭幅织物narrow fabric needle loom 狭幅针织机narrowing 收针narrowing comb 收针梳nascent chlorine 初生氯native starch天然淀粉natural ageing 自然老化natural balsam 天然香脂natural bleaching 天然漂白natural casing 天然肠衣natural color天然色素natural color photography 天然色摄影术natural convection 自然对流natural convection air cooled condenser 自然对琳气式冷凝器natural convection air cooler 自然对琳气冷却器natural convection cooling 自然对龄去却natural cooling 自然冷却natural crimp天然卷曲natural draft自然通风natural draft cooling tower 自然通风凉水塔natural dye天然染料natural fermentation 自然发酵natural fiber天然纤维natural fiber spun yarn天然纤维精纺纱natural flavor天然香辛料natural flavoring agent 天然香辛料natural juice 天然果汁natural latex天然胶乳natural matter 天然原料natural perfume 天然香料natural protein 天然蛋白质natural resin 天然尸natural rubber 天然橡胶natural rubber fiber 天然橡胶线natural silk 天然丝natural wax 天然蜡nature of cloth surface 织物表面特性neat's foot oil 牛脚油neck颈肉;颈线neck cord龙头绳neck down颈状收缩neck in缩幅necking颈状收缩necktie 领带nectar果汁饮料needle 针needle bar 针杆needle beard 针钩needle bed 针床needle board 针板needle cam织针三角needle chain 针链needle eye 针眼needle fabric针刺非织造布needle felt针刺毛毡needle felt machine 针刺毡机needle field 针场needle gage 针距needle groove 针槽needle heating 针加热needle hook 针钩needle ingot shaft 针座机轴needle jack 挺针片needle latch 针舌needle lead 针蜡needle line 直条花needle loop 针编弧needle penetration 针穿刺needle pitch 针距needle point 针尖needle point lace 针绣花边needle punched felt 针刺毛毡needle punching 针刺法needle rack针板的横移needle selection 选针needle size 针号needle stenter 针拉幅机needle table 针台needle thread 面子纱needle valve 针孔阀needle work 缝纫needling 针刺negative mold 凹模negative shedding 消极式开口negligee妇女长睡衣neolandye尼奥伦染料neon lamp霓虹灯neoprene氨丁橡胶neoprene coated fabric氯丁橡胶涂层织物nep棉结nep counter棉结计数器nep potential潜在棉结nep size 棉结大小nep tester棉结检验机nep yarn粒结花式纱线nephelometer 比浊计nephelometry浊度测定法neppiness index 棉结指数neppy yarn粒结花式纱线nerol橙花醇neroli oil橙花油nervonic acid 神经酸net网net curtain网眼窗帘net lace珠罗纱花边net weight 神重net yarn花边网眼纱nett silk精练丝netting 结网netting machine 织网机netting twine 渔网丝nettle cloth尊麻织物network网状组织neutral dye中性染料neutral dyeing中性染料染色neutral fat中性脂肪neutral lard泷质熟猪油neutral red 中性红neutral refractory 中性耐火物neutralization 中和neutralization value 中和值neutralizing 中和neutralizing tank 中和槽new beer未成熟啤酒newspaper 新闻纸newsprint 新闻纸niacin抗负皮病维生素nickel plating 镀银nickel silver 德银nicotinamide 烟酰胺nicotine 烟碱nicotinic acid 烟酸nightcap 睡帽nightshirt 男睡袍nigrosine 尼格ninhydrin reaction 茚三酮反应niobe oil尼哦油nip辊隙nip roll 轧辐nipper jaw 钳口nipper knife 上钳板nipper plate 下钳板nitrate硝酸盐nitration mixture 7混酸nitration paper 硝化纸nitric acid 硝酸nitrile rubber fiber月青橡胶纤维nitrite亚硝酸盐nitro color 硝基色料nitro dye硝基色料nitrocellulose硝酸纤维素nitroethane硝基乙烷nitrofurazone 硝基糠腙nitrogen 氮nitrogen free extract 无氮抽提物nitrosamine亚硝基胺nitroso dye亚硝基染料no core braid 无芯编带no pressure laminate 低压层压塑料no pressure laminating 直接层压no pressure resin 接点压力尸no torque yarn不捻回弹力纱noble comb圆梳机noil balance 落棉秤noil chute落棉板noil percent落棉百分率noil removal落棉去除nominal counts 标称支数nominal width公称宽度nomogram诺模图nomograph诺模图non shifting finish 防滑整理non skid tyre防滑轮胎nondrying oil非干性油nonfloculating yeast 非絮架凝酵母noniron finish 免烫整理nonmigrating plasticizer 非渗移性增塑剂nonreturn valve 止回阀nonslipping finish 防滑整理nonwoven carpet非织造地毯nonwoven fabric 无纺织物nonwoven fabric machine非织造织物制造机nonwoven fabric structure 非织造织物结构nonwoven scrim非织造纱布noodles 面条normal element 标准电池normal strength yarn 普通强力纱nose bunching管端纱圈notch 切口nougat牛轧糖novelty fabric 花式织物novelty twister花式捻线机novelty yarn花式纱线novolac酚醛清漆novolak酚醛清漆nozzle喷嘴nozzle adapter 注嘴接头nozzle pressure 喷嘴压力nozzle ring 喷嘴环nub粗节nub yarn结子花线nuclease核酸酶nucleic acid 核酸nucleoprotein 核蛋白nucleosidase 核甙酶nucleoside 核甙nucleotidase核甙酸酶nucleotide 核甙酸number支数number of daylights压机压板间距数number of picks to round of pattern 组织循环纬纱数number of revolutions 转数number of spindle revolutions 锭子转数number of spindles 锭数number of stitches 线圈数number of theoretical plates 理论段数number of threads 纱线数number of twist 捻数number variation 支数偏差numbering system细度计量制numbering weight测纱支重量nut坚果nutgall 倍子nutmeg肉豆蔻nutmeg oil肉豆蔻油nutrient营养素nutrition 营养nutritive value 营养价值nylon尼龙oak栋树oat燕麦oblique head斜向机头ocher 般octane number 辛烷值octane ratio 辛烷值octane value 辛烷值octanol 辛醇ocular目镜odor气味odorant加臭剂odorimeter 气味计odorimetry气味测量法odoriphore 发臭团oenology酿酒学oenometer酒度计off flavor 异味offal内脏offset press胶版印刷机offset printing 胶版印刷ohmmeter欧姆计oil absorption 吸油量oil bath 油浴oil cake 豆饼oil cleaner油净化器油过滤器oil color油溶性染料oil combed top英式精梳毛条oil diffusion pump 油扩散泵oil extraction 油萃取oil extractor油萃取器oil filter滤油器oil immersion 油浸oil modified resin 油改性尸oil of bitter almond 苦扁桃油oil paint 油漆oil plant油料罪oil press榨油机oil pressing factory 榨油厂oil pressure gage 油压表oil pump 油泵oil purifier油净化器净油机oil reactive resin 油反应性尸oil repellent finish 抗油整理剂oil resistance 耐油性oil ring注油钢领oil separator 分油器oil soap椰子油肥皂oil soluble resin 油溶尸oil stain矿油污oil tank 油槽oil tannage 油oil tanning 油oil varnish 清油漆oilcloth 油布oiler注油器加油器oiliness 油性oiling 力口油oiling agent 润滑剂oilseeds 油籽ointment 软膏oleaginous 含油的olefin dyeing 烯染色olefin filament烯烃长丝纱olefin filament yarn 烯烃长丝纱olefin yarn 烯纱oleic acid 油酸olein油精oleomargarine 人造奶油oleometer油比重计oleoresin含油尸oleoresinous varnish 油基尸清漆oleum发烟硫oligomer低聚物oligosaccharide 低聚糖olive oil橄榄油one bath process 一浴法one face twill单面斜纹one floor kiln单层干燥炉one zone draft system 单区牵伸方式onion洋葱oospore卵抱子opacity浑浊度opal glass乳白玻璃opalescence 乳光opaque ice不透鸣open bubble 砂眼open crankcase compressor 敝开式曲轴箱压缩机open cycle开式循环open end spinning 气聊纱open end spinning machine 气聊纱机open end yarn 气链open fabric structure组织稀松织物结构open fermentation 开放发酵open fermenter 开放发酵罐open fire kiln开放型加热干燥炉open shed全开梭口open shed jacquard machine 开梭□提花装置open shed machine 开梭口机open shell and tube condenser 立式壳管冷凝器open tie up 开口穿吊open width bleaching 平幅漂白open width dyeing 平幅染色open width finisher平幅缩绒整理机open width scouring 开幅煮练open width treatment 平幅处理open width washing machine 开幅洗涤机open winding开式卷绕open work cloth 透孔织物opener开棉机opening 开松工艺opening of shed 梭口形成opening picking 开清棉opiate鸦片opium鸦片optical bleaching agent 荧光漂白剂optical brightener 荧光增白剂optical distortion 光学失真optical plastic 光学塑料optical whitening荧光增白工艺optimum temperature 最适温度orange桔子orange juice 橙汁orange peel桔皮样皱纹order of colors 色次序order of picks纬纱排列order of warp threads 经纱次序order of wefts纬纱排列organdy奥甘迪organic acid 有机酸organic glass有机玻璃organic pigment 有机颜料organic solvent 有机溶剂organogel有机凝胶organosol有机溶胶organzine力口捻生丝orientation 定位oriented web取向纤维网orifice 喷嘴origin产地original extract 原麦汁膏original wort初始麦芽汁ornamenting by the backing weft 依背面纬纱装饰ornithine鸟氨酸orthocortex正皮质层oryzenin米胶蛋白oscillating back rest 摆动后梁oscillating conveyor 摇动式输送机oscillating yarn guide 摆动导纱器oscillation 振动oscillator摆动器振荡器oscillogram 示波图osmose渗透osmosis 渗透osmotic pressure 渗透压ossein骨胶原ossification 骨化otto of rose 玫瑰油outer wear 外罩outflow coefficient 瘤系数outlet 出口outlet temperature 最终温度oval wire椭圆截面针ovalbumin卵白肮overall工装裤overall width 总宽度overcoat 外套overcooling 过冷overcure过硬化overdrying烘燥过度overedge stitch 包缝线迹overedging machine 包缝机overfeeding 超喂overflow溢流溢出overflow pipe 溢淋overlap 重叠overlapping joint 搭接overlay涂层纸overlay paper 涂层纸overload超量负荷overlock stitch 包缝线迹overpick loom上投梭织机overpick motion上投梭装置overprint color 套印色overprint design 套印花纹overprinting 罩印overseam stitch 包缝线迹overshoes 套鞋oversteeping 过度浸渍overstretching 过度伸长overtension 过张力overvulcanization 过硬化oviposition 产蛋ovoflavin核黄素ovomucin卵粘蛋白ovomucoid卵类粘蛋白oxalic acid 草酸oxdizing agent 氧化剂oxford wool牛津塘种羊毛oxidability 氧化性oxidant氧化剂oxidase氧化酶oxidation 氧化oxidation dye氧化染料oxidation reduction cell 氧化还原电池oxidation reduction system 氧化还原系统oxidative ferment 氧化酶oxidative fermentation 氧化发酵oxidative haze 氧化浑浊oxidizing enzyme 氧化酶oxycellulose氧化纤维素oyster牡蛎ozocerite 地蜡ozone臭氧ozonization 臭氧化ozonizer臭氧发生器ozonometer 臭氧计p methoxy acetophenone 对甲氧基苯乙酮pacific converter派纹克直接成条机package 包装package density 卷装密度package dyeing 轴经染色package hardness 卷装硬度package holder 筒管架package tube 卷装管packed column 填充塔packing填充物packing apparatus 打包装置packing cloth打包麻布packing machine 包装机packing paper 包装纸packing plant包装装置pad衬垫pad dry cure process 轧烘焙加工工艺法pad dyeing 轧染pad fix machine 轧染机pad jig dyeing 浸轧卷染法pad roll dyeing 轧卷染色pad roll machine轧卷染色机pad steam dyeing 浸轧汽蒸染色pad steam finishing 浸轧汽蒸整理法pad steam machine 浸轧汽蒸机pad steaming process 轧蒸法padding 浸轧padding liquor 轧染液padding machine 浸轧机paddle 桨paddle agitator桨式混合机paddle dyeing machine 桨叶式染色机paddle mixer桨式混合机paddy rice 稻谷paint油漆paint remover 去漆剂paint resin 涂料尸paint spray gun 喷枪paint spraying pistol 喷枪painting 上油漆pair of drawing rollers 一对并条罗拉pairing酉己对pajamas 睡衣palatability 风味pale beer淡色啤酒pale malt浅色麦芽paletot男大衣palm butter 棕榈油palm kernel oil 棕榈仁油palm nut oil棕榈仁油palm oil棕榈油palmarosa oil 掌玫油palmitic acid 棕榈酸palmitin棕榈精panary fermentation 面团发酵pancreatin 胰酶pane长方玻璃panne平绒panne velvet 平绒pantaloons 马裤pantothenic acid 泛酸pants衬裤pantyhose 袜裤papain木瓜酶papaya番木瓜paper 纸paper bag 纸袋paper base laminate 层压纸板paper chromatography 纸色谱法paper filter 纸滤器paper machine 造纸机paper pulp 纸浆paper sack大纸袋paper sleeve 纸套管paper tube 纸管paper yarn 纸纱papermaker's felt 造纸毛毯paprika 青椒para red对位红para rubber帕拉橡胶parachute降落伞paracortex 仲皮质paraffin 石蜡paraffin applying system 石蜡处理装置paraffin oil 石蜡油paraffin wax 石蜡parallel build 平行卷绕parallel flow井流平行流parallel reeling平行卷绕绞纱parallel wind平行卷绕parallelization of the fibers 纤维平行度parasite寄生虫parasitism 寄生parchment羊皮纸parchment paper 羊皮纸paris blue巴黎蓝paris green 巴黎绿paris yellow 铭黄parsley 欧芹parsnip防风草part部分partial condensation 部分冷凝partial draft部分牵伸partial examination 局部检验partial pressure 分压partially drawn yarn 部分拉伸丝particle board 碎料板particle size 粒度parting agent 离型剂partition chromatography 分配色谱法pass穿综passage counter 计道器passage of shuttle 梭子通道passageway 通路passementerie金银线花边pasta products通心面制品paste 糊paste mixer 惮机paste paint 厚漆paste products通心面制品paste resin成糊性尸pasteboard 纸板pasteuring巴氏灭菌pasteurization 巴氏灭菌pasteurized milk巴氏灭菌牛奶pastil香剂patch补钉patent leather 漆皮pathogen致病菌patten试样pattern area花纹面积pattern card提花机纹板pattern chain 纹板链pattern definition花纹符号表示pattern designer提花设计家pattern disc提花圆盘pattern disk提花圆盘pattern drafting花纹组织图pattern jigger 式样卷染机pattern line裁剪划线pattern paper花样设计纸pattern reed 提花箝pattern thread 提花线pattern warp式样经纱pattern weave提花组织pattern weaving 提花织造pattern wheel 提花轮pattern wheel jack 提花轮推片pattern wheel knitting 提花轮针织pattern with transverse tripes 横条花纹组织patterning 叠圈patterning device 提花装置pawl掣子pdc process浸轧烘干焙烘法peach juice 蜜桃汁peanut花生peanut butter 花生酱peanut cake 花生饼peanut oil花生油pear oil 梨油pearl珍珠pearl ash珍珠灰pearl starch珍珠型淀粉pearled barley 珍珠麦pearlescent pigment 珠母涂料pebble mill 球磨机pectic acid 果胶酸pectic substance 果胶质pectinase果胶酶pectine 果胶pectoral fin 胸pedal feed motion天平杆给棉装置pedal nose平行杆鼻peduncle 花梗peeler脱壳机peeling 去皮peg纹钉pelerine女用披肩pelisse女式阔领饰皮轻便外衣pellet 丸pelleting 压丸pelleting machine 造粒机pelt生皮pelvis骨盆pemican 干肉饼pencil铅笔pendulum arm 摇臂penetrability 穿透性penetrant渗透剂penetrating agent 渗透剂penetration 浸透penetrometer射线透度计penicillinase 青霉素酶pentosan戊聚糖pentose 戊糖pepper胡椒peppermint 薄荷peppermint oil 薄荷油pepsin胃蛋白酶pepsinogen胃蛋白酶原peptidase 肽酶peptide 肽peptide bond 肽键peptide linkage 肽键peptization 解胶酌peptizator 胶溶剂peptizing agent 胶溶剂peptone 胨peptonization 胃蛋白胨化peptonized milk 胨化牛奶peptonizing rest 胨化停顿peracetic acid 过醋酸percale高级密织薄纱percaline棉衬里布perch验布架perching 验布percolate 渗滤percolation 沥滤percolator 渗滤器percussion test 冲辉验perforated beam 多孔经轴perforated cage 筛网圆筒perforated cylinder 多孔滚筒perforated cylinder dyeing machine 滚筒染色机perforated drum dryer多孔转鼓烘燥机perforated plate 多孔板perforated plate column 多孔板塔perforated tray 多孔板perforation 穿孑1performance test 性能试验perfume 香料perfume container 香料箱pericarp 果皮perilla 苏子perilla oil 苏子油period周期peripheral force 周向力perithecium 子襄壳permanence 耐久性permanent creasing耐久性轧花加工permanent deformation 永久形变permanent elongation 永久伸长permanent extension 永久伸长permanent finish 永久整理permanent hardness 永久硬度permanent pleating耐久褶裥加工permanent set永久定形permanent twist 稳定捻度permanentset永久形变permeability 渗透性permeability tester 透气试验机permissible error 允许偏差permutite泡沸石peroxidase过氧化物酶peroxide过氧化物peroxide bleaching过氧化物漂白peroxide bleaching agent 过氧化物漂白剂peroxide value 过氧化价perry梨子酒persalt过酸盐perspiration 渗出perspiration fastness tester 耐汗渍牢度试验机perspiration resistance 耐汗渍persticide residue 农药残留量petri dish陪替氏培养皿petrochemicals石油化学产品petrol汽油petrolatum 凡士林petroleum 石油petroleum chemicals石油化学产品petroleum jelly 凡士林petticoat 衬裙ph value ph 值phase 相phase contrast microscope 相衬显微镜phaseolin菜球蛋白phenol 酸phenol formaldehyde resin 苯酚甲醛尸phenol furfural resin 苯酚糠醛尸phenol resin苯酚甲醛尸phenolase 酚酶phenolic varnish 酚醛清漆phenoplast苯酚甲醛尸phenylacetic acid 苯乙酸phenylalanine 苯丙氨酸phenylethyl acetate 乙酸苯乙酯phenylethyl alcohol 苯基乙醇phosphatase 磷酸酶phosphate磷酸盐phosphatide 磷脂phosphine 瞬phosphorescent pigment 磷光颜料phosphorprotein 磷蛋白phosphorylase 磷酸化酶photocell光电池photoelectric cell 光电池photographic developer 显象剂photographic emulsion 照相乳胶photolysis 光解photometer 光度计photosynthesis 光合成physical plasticizing 外增塑physiological saline 生理盐溶液physiological salt solution 生理盐溶液phytase植酸酶phytic acid 植酸phytin植酸钙镁pick投梭pick and pick顺序投梭pick counter织机产量表pick finding 找断纬pick glass织物分析镜pick spacing纬纱间距picker开松机picker evener清棉机匀棉装置picker lap 清棉棉卷picker lap scale清棉棉卷秤picker shoes投梭铁鞋picker stick 打梭棒picker strap投梭棒缓冲带picking 清棉picking by tacppet 凸盘式投梭picking shuttle 投梭pickle盐水pickled cucumber 酸黄瓜pickling 腌渍pickling vinegar 酸浸醋picks per inch每英寸纬数pickup roll 蘸料辐picnic猪肩肉picnic shoulder 猪肩肉piece dyeing 匹染piece dyeing machine 匹染色机piece finishing 匹整理piece goods 匹头piecing 接头piecing of sliver 条子接头pig skin 猪皮pigment 涂料pigment cell色素细胞pigment dyeing 涂料染色pigment dyestuff无金属有机染料pigment paste 颜料膏pigment printing 涂料印花pigmentation 着色pilchard oil 沙丁鱼油pile绒毛pile carpet绒头地毯pile density毛圈密度pile fabric绒头织物pile fabric loom 起绒织机pile height 绒头高pile length 绒头长pile nap 绒头pile pick绒头纬纱pile thread绒头纱线pile warp绒头经纱pile weaving天鹅绒织造pile weft绒头纬纱pile yarn绒头纱线piler堆布机pileus菌盖pill球粒pill resistance 耐起球性pill resistance finish 防起球整理pill resistance treatment 防起球处理pill wear off起球脱落pilling 起球pilling testing 起球试验pillow枕头pillow case枕套织物pillow lace梭结花边pilot lamp指示灯pilot plant试验工厂pilsner beer浅色贮藏啤酒pima cotton 比马棉pimento多香果pimple起小突起pin针pin drafter针梳牵伸机pin tenter针板拉幅机pin tin横针板pinch rolls夹辐式辊子卷板机pine leaf oil 松针油pine needle oil 松针油pine oil 松油pine resin松月旨pineapple juice 菠萝汁pineapple oil 菠萝油pinhole 针孔pink wine淡红葡萄酒pinked seam锯齿边接缝pinking machine轧锯齿边机pinking scissors 齿边布样剪刀pinking shears齿边布样剪刀pinpoint gate 针孔型浇口pipe still管式蒸馏釜piped seam管形线缝piperine胡椒碱piperonal洋茉莉醛piping导管。

质量英文词汇

企业常用英文缩写：5S管理：作业制成本制度（Activity-BasedCosting）：实施作业制预算制度（Activity-BasedBudgeting）：作业制成本管理（Activity-BaseManagement）：先进规画与排程系统（AdvancedPlanning and Scheduling）：应用程序服务供货商（ApplicationService Provider）：可承诺量（Available ToPromise）：认可的供货商清单（ApprovedVendor List）：物料清单（Bill OfMaterial）：企业流程再造（BusinessProcess Reengineering）：平衡记分卡（BalancedScoreCard）：计划生产（Build ToForecast）：订单生产（Build To Order）：要径法（Critical PathMethod）：每一百万个使用者会有几次抱怨（Complaintper Million）：客户关系管理（CustomerRelationship Management）：产能需求规划（CapacityRequirements Planning）：客制化生产（ConfigurationTo Order）：限制驱导式排程法（Drum-Buffer-Rope）：成熟度验证（DesignMaturing Testing）：设计验证（DesignVerification Testing）：运销资源计划（DistributionResource Planning）：决策支持系统（DecisionSupport System）：设计变更/工程变更（EngineerChange）：电子商务（ElectronicCommerce）：原件规格更改通知（EngineerChange Request Notice）：电子数据交换（ElectronicData Interchange）：主管决策系统（ExecutiveInformation System）：电磁相容（ElectricMagnetic Capability）：基本经济订购量（EconomicOrder Quantity）：企业资源规划（EnterpriseResource Planning）：应用工程师（FieldApplication Engineer）：预估（Forecast）：弹性制造系统（FlexibleManufacture System）：成品质量管理（Finish orFinal Quality Control）: 制程质量管理（In-ProcessQuality Control）：进料质量管理（IncomingQuality Control）：国际标准组织（InternationalOrganization for Standardization）：首批样品认可（InitialSample Approval Request）：实时管理（Just In Time）：知识管理（KnowledgeManagement）：逐批订购法（Lot-for-Lot）：最小总成本法（Least TotalCost）：最小单位成本（Least UnitCost）：制造执行系统（ManufacturingExecution System）：制令（Manufacture Order）：主生产排程（MasterProduction Schedule）：请修（购）单（MaintenanceRepair Operation）：物料需求规划（MaterialRequirement Planning）：制造资源计划（ManufacturingResource Planning）：更改预估量的通知Notice forChanging Forecast：委托代工（OriginalEquipment Manufacture）：委托设计与制造（OriginalDesign & Manufacture）：在线分析处理（On-LineAnalytical Processing）：在线交易处理（On-LineTransaction Processing）：最佳生产技术（OptimizedProduction Technology）：出货质量管理（Out-goingQuality Control）：PDCA管理循环（Plan-Do-Check-Action）：产品数据管理系统（ProductData Management）：计划评核术（ProgramEvaluation and Review Technique）：订单（Purchase Order）：预估在手量（Product onHand）：采购申请（PurchaseRequest）：品质保证（QualityAssurance）：质量管理（Quality Control）：品管圈（Quality ControlCircle）：品质工程（QualityEngineering）：粗略产能规划（Rough CutCapacity Planning）：退货验收（ReturnedMaterial Approval）：再订购点（Re-Order Point）：供应链管理（Supply ChainManagement）：现场控制（Shop FloorControl）：策略信息系统（StrategicInformation System）：订单（Sales Order）：特殊订单需求（Special OrderRequest）：统计制程管制（StatisticProcess Control）：限制理论（Theory ofConstraints）：全面生产管理（TotalProduction Management）：全面质量管理（Total QualityControl）：全面品质管理（Total QualityManagement）：在制品（Work In Process）部门名称的专有名词QS:Quality system品质系统CS:Coutomer Sevice 客户服务QC:Quality control品质管理IQC:Incoming quality control 进料检验LQC:Line Quality Control 生产线品质控制IPQC:In process quality control 制程检验FQC:Final quality control 最终检验OQC:Outgoing quality control 出货检验QA:Quality assurance 品质保证SQA:Source(supplier) Quality Assurance 供应商品质保证(VQA) CQA：Customer Quality Assurance客户质量保证PQA rocess Quality Assurance 制程品质保证QE:Quality engineer 品质工程CE:component engineering零件工程EE:equipment engineering设备工程ME:manufacturing engineering制造工程TE:testing engineering测试工程PPE roduct Engineer 产品工程IE:Industrial engineer 工业工程ADM: Administration Department行政部RMA:客户退回维修CSDI:检修PC:producing control生管MC:mater control物管GAD: General Affairs Dept总务部A/D: Accountant /Finance Dept会计LAB: Laboratory实验室DOE:实验设计HR:人资PMC:企划RD:研发W/H:仓库SI:客验PD: Product Department生产部PA:采购(PUR: Purchaing Dept)SMT:Surface mount technology 表面粘着技术MFG:Manufacturing 制造MIS:Management information system 资迅管理系统DCC:document control center 文件管制中心厂内作业中的专有名词QT:Quality target品质目标QP:Quality policy目标方针QI:Quality improvement品质改善CRITICAL DEFECT:严重缺点（CR）MAJOR DEFECT:主要缺点（MA）MINOR DEFECT:次要缺点（MI）MAX:Maximum最大值MIN:Minimum最小值DIA iameter直径DIM imension尺寸LCL:Lower control limit管制下限UCL:Upper control limit管制上限EMI:电磁干扰ESD:静电防护EPA:静电保护区域ECN:工程变更ECO:Engineering change order工程改动要求（客户）ECR:工程变更需求单CPI:Continuous Process Improvement 连续工序改善Compatibility：兼容性Marking：标记DWG rawing图面Standardization：标准化Consensus：一致Code：代码ZD:Zero defect零缺点Tolerance：公差Subject matter：主要事项Auditor：审核员BOM:Bill of material物料清单Rework：重工ID：identification识别,鉴别,证明PILOT RUN: (试投产)FAI:首件检查FPIR：First Piece Inspection Report首件检查报告FAA:首件确认SPC：统计制程管制CP: capability index（准确度）CPK: capability index of process(制程能力) PMP:制程管理计划（生产管制计划）MPI:制程分析DAS efects Analysis System 缺陷分析系统PPB：十亿分之一Flux：助焊剂P/N:料号L/N：Lot Number批号Version：版本Quantity：数量Valid date：有效日期MIL-STD：Military-Standard军用标准ICT: In Circuit Test (线路测试)ATE：Automatic Test Equipment自动测试设备MO: Manafacture Order生产单T/U: Touch Up (锡面修补)I/N:手插件P/T:初测F/T: Function Test (功能测试-终测)AS 组立P/K:包装TQM:Total quality control全面品质管理MDA:manufacturing defect analysis制程不良分析(ICT) RUN-IN:老化实验HI-pot：高压测试FMI：Frequency Modulation Inspect高频测试DPPM: Defect Part Per Million?(不良率的一种表达方式：百万分之一) 1000PPM即为% Corrective Action: (CAR改善对策)ACC：允收REJ:拒收S/S：Sample size抽样检验样本大小SI-SIV：Special I-Special IV特殊抽样水平等级CON：Concession / Waive特采ISO:国际标准化组织ISA：Industry Standard Architecture工业标准体制结构OBA:开箱稽核FIFO:先进先出PDCA:管理循环Plan do check action计划，执行，检查，总结WIP:在制品（半成品）S/O: Sales Order (业务订单)P/O: Purchase Order (采购订单)P/R: Purchase Request (请购单)AQL:acceptable quality level允收品质水准LQL;Limiting quality level最低品质水准QVL:qualified vendor list合格供应商名册AVL ：认可的供货商清单(Approved Vendor List)QCD: Quality cost delivery（品质，交期，成本）MPM:Manufacturing project management制造专案管理KPI:Key performance indicate重要绩效指标MVT:Manufacturing Verification Test制造验证试产Q/R/S：Quality/Reliability/Service质量/可靠度/服务STL:ship to line（料到上线）NTF:No trouble found误判CIP:capacity improvement plan（产能改善计划）MRB:material review board（物料审核小组）MRB:Material reject bill退货单JIT:just in time（即时管理）5S:seiri seiton seiso seiketsu shitsuke（整理，整顿，清扫，清洁，修养）SOP:standard operation process（标准作业程序）SIP:Specification inspection process制程检验规格TOP: Test Operation Process (测试作业流程)WI: working instruction（作业指导书）SMD:surface mounting device（表面粘着原件）FAR:failure aualysis report故障分析报告CAR:Corrective action report改善报告BPR：企业流程再造 (Business Process Reengineering)ISAR ：首批样品认可(Initial Sample Approval Request)- JIT：实时管理 (Just In Time)QCC ：品管圈 (Quality Control Circle)Engineering Department (工程部)TQEM: Total Quality Environment Management(全面品质环境管理)PD: Production Department (制造)LOG: Logistics (后勤支持)?Shipping: (进出口)AOQ：Average Output Quality平均出货质量AOQL：Average Output Quality Level平均出货质量水平FMEA：failure model effectiveness analysis失效模式分析CRB: Change Review Board (工程变更会议)CSA：Customer Simulate Analysis客户模拟分析SQMS：Supplier Quality Management System供应商品质管理系统QIT: Quality Improvement Team 品质改善小组QIP：Quality Improvement Plan品质改善计划CIP：Continual Improvement Plan持续改善计划Material Quality Feedback Sheet (来料品质回馈单)SCAR: Supplier Corrective Action Report (供货商改善对策报告) 8D Sheet: 8 Disciplines sheet ( 8D单)PDCA：PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Action) (管理循环)MPQ: Material Packing Quantity (物料最小包装量)DSCN: Delivery Schedule Change Notice (交期变更通知) QAPS: Quality Assurance Process Sheet (品质工程表)DRP ：运销资源计划 (Distribution Resource Planning)DSS：决策支持系统 (Decision Support System)EC ：电子商务 (Electronic Commerce)EDI ：电子资料交换 (Electronic Data Interchange)EIS ：主管决策系统 (Excutive Information System)ＥＲＰ：企业资源规划 (Enterprise Resource Planning)FMS ：弹性制造系统 (Flexible Manufacture System)KM ：知识管理 (Knowledge Management)4L ：逐批订购法 (Lot-for-Lot)LTC ：最小总成本法 (Least Total Cost)LUC ：最小单位成本 (Least Unit Cost)MES ：制造执行系统 (Manufacturing Execution System) MPS ：主生产排程 (Master Production Schedule)MRP ：物料需求规划 (Material Requirement Planning) MRPⅡ：制造资源计划 (Manufacturing Resource Planning) OEM ：委托代工 (Original Equipment Manufacture)ODM ：委托设计与制造 (Original Design & Manufacture) OLAP：线上分析处理 (On-Line Analytical Processing) OLTP：线上交易处理 (On-Line Transaction Processing) OPT ：最佳生产技术 (Optimized Production Technology) PDCA：PDCA管理循环 (Plan-Do-Check-Action)PDM：产品数据管理系统 (Product Data Management)) RCCP：粗略产能规划 (Rough Cut Capacity Planning) SCM ：供应链管理 (Supply Chain Management)SFC ：现场控制 (Shop Floor Control)TOC：限制理论 (Theory of Constraints)TQC ：全面品质管制 (Total Quality Control)FYI/R:for your information/reference仅供参考ASAP:尽快S/T:Standard time标准时间TPM:total production maintenance：全面生产保养ESD Wrist strap：静电环IT:information technology信息技术，资讯科学CEO：Chief Executive Officer执行总裁COO：Chief Operaring Officer首席业务总裁SWOT：Strength,Weakness,Opportunity,Threat优势﹐弱点﹐机会﹐威胁Competence：专业能力Communication：有效沟通Cooperation：统御融合Vibration Testing：振动测试IDP：Individual Development Plan个人发展计划MRP：Material Requirement Planning物料需求计划MAT'S：Material材料LRR：Lot Rejeet Rate批退率ATIN：Attention知会3C：Computer ,Communication , Consumer electronic 消费性电子5W1H：When , Where , Who , What , Why , Ho5M: Man , Machine , Material , Method , Measurement人,机器,材料,方法,测量4MIE: Man,Material,Machine,Method,Environment人力,物力,财务,技术,时间(资源)7M1I: Manpower , Machine , Material , Method, Market , Management , Money , Information人力，机器，材料，方法, 市场，管理，资金，资讯Accuracy 准确度Action 行动?Activity 活动??Analysis Covariance 协方差分析?Analysis of Variance 方差分析?Approved 承认??Attribute 计数值??Average 平均数??Balance sheet 资产负债对照表??Binomial 二项分配??Brainstorming Techniques 脑力风暴法??Cause and Effect Matrix 因果图(鱼骨图)??CL:Center Line 中心线??Check Sheets 检查表??Complaint 投诉??Conformity 合格（符合）??Control 控制??Control chart 控制(管制)图??Correction 纠正??Correlation Methods 相关分析法??CPI: continuouse Process Improvement 连续工序改善? ?Cross Tabulation Tables 交叉表??CS: Customer Sevice 客（户）服（务）中心??DSA: Defects Analysis System 缺陷分析系统??Data 数据 Description:品名?DCC: Document Control Center 文控中心??Decision 决策、判定??Defects per unit 单位缺点数??Description 描述??Device 装置??Do 执行??DOE: Design of Experiments 实验设计??Element 元素??Engineering recbnology 工程技?Environmental 环境??Equipment 设备??Estimated accumulative frequency 计算估计累计数??E Equipment Variation 设备变异??External Failure 外部失效,外部缺陷??FA: Failure Analysis 失效分析??Fact control 事实管理??Fatigue 疲劳??FMEA: Failure Mode and Effect Analysis失效模式与效果分析? ?FP First-Pass Yield （第一次通过）合格率??FQA: Final Quality Assurance 最终品质保证??FQC: Final Quality control 最终品质控制??Gauge system 测量系统??Grade 等级??Histogram 直方图??Improvement 改善?Initial review 先期审查??Inspection 检验??Internal Failure 内部失效、内部缺陷??IPQC: In Process Quality Control 制程品质控制??IQC: Incomming Quality Control 来料品质控制?IS International Organization for Standardization 国际标准化组织? ?LCL: Lower Control limit 管制下限??LQC: Line Quality Control 生产线品质控制??LSL: Lower Size Limit 规格下限??Machine 机械??Manage 管理??Materials 物料??Measurement 测量??Median 中位数??MSA: Measurement System Analysis 测量系统分析??Occurrence 发生率??Operation Instruction 作业指导书??Organization 组织??Parto 柏拉图??PPM arts per Million （百万分之）不良率??Plan 计划??Policy 方针??Population 群体??PQA: Process Quality Assurance 制程品质保证??Practice 实务(践)??Prevention 预防??Probability 机率??Probability density function 机率密度函数??Procedure 流程??Process 过程??Process capability analysis 制程能力分析（图）??Process control and Process capability制程管制与制程能力? ?Product 产品??Production 生产??Projects 项目??QA: Quality Assurance 品质保证??QC: Quality Control 品质控制??QE: Quality Engineering 品质工程??QFD: Quality Function Desgin 品质机能展开(法) ?Quality 质量??Quality manual 品质手册??Quality policy 品质政策(质量方针)??Random experiment 随机试验?Random numbers 随机数??R:Range 全距（极差）?Reject 拒收?Repair 返修?Repeatusility 再现性?Reproducibility 再生性?Requirement 要求?Responsibilities 职责?Review 评审?Reword 返工?Rolled yield 直通率?RPN: Risk Priority Number 风险系数?Sample 抽样,样本?Sample space 样本空间?Sampling with replacement 放回抽样?Sampling without replacement 不放回抽样?Scatter diagram 散布图分析?Scrap 报废?Simple random sampling 简单随机取样?Size 规格?SL: Size Line 规格中心线?Stratified random sampling 分层随机抽样?SOP: Standard Operation Procedure 标准作业书?SPC: Statistical Process Control 统计制程管制? Specification 规范?SQA: Source(Supplier) Quality Assurance 供货商品质保证? Stage sampling 分段随机抽样?Standard Deviation 标准差?Sum of squares 平方和?Taguchi-method 田口(试验)方法?Theory 原理?TQC: Total Quality Control 全面品质控制?TQM: Total Quality Management 全面品质管理?Traceablity 追溯?Training 培训?UCL: Upper Control Limit 管制（控制）上限?USL: Upper Size Limit 规格上限?Validation 确认?Variable 计量值?Verification 验证?Version 版本?VOC: Voice of Customer 客户需求?VOE: Voice of Engineer 工程需求?Inventory stock report:库存清单报告Sales order report:出货报告质量人员名称类QC quality control 品质管理人员FQC final quality control 终点质量管理人员IPQC in process quality control 制程中的质量管理人员OQC output quality control 最终出货质量管理人员IQC incoming quality control 进料质量管理人员TQC total quality control 全面质量管理POC passage quality control 段检人员QA quality assurance 质量保证人员OQA output quality assurance 出货质量保证人员QE quality engineering 质量工程人员质量保证类FAI first article inspection 新品首件检查FAA first article assurance 首件确认CP capability index 能力指数CPK capability process index 模具制程能力参数SSQA standardized supplier quality audit 合格供货商质量评估FMEA failure model effectiveness analysis 失效模式分析FQC运作类AQL Acceptable Quality Level 运作类允收质量水平S/S Sample size 抽样检验样本大小ACC Accept 允收REE Reject 拒收CR Critical 极严重的MAJ Major 主要的MIN Minor 轻微的Q/R/S Quality/Reliability/Service 质量/可靠度/服务P/N Part Number 料号L/N Lot Number 批号AOD Accept On Deviation 特采UAI Use As It 特采FPIR First Piece Inspection Report 首件检查报告PPM Percent Per Million 百万分之一制程统计品管专类SPC Statistical Process Control 统计制程管制SQC Statistical Quality Control 统计质量管理GRR Gauge Reproductiveness & Repeatability 量具之再制性及重测性判断量可靠与否DIM Dimension 尺寸DIA Diameter 直径N Number 样品数其它质量术语类QIT Quality Improvement Team 质量改善小组ZD Zero Defect 零缺点QI Quality Improvement 质量改善QP Quality Policy 目标方针TQM Total Quality Management 全面质量管理RMA Return Material Audit 退料认可7QCTools 7 Quality Control Tools 品管七大手法通用之件类ECN Engineering Change Notice 工程变更通知(供货商) ECO Engineering Change Order 工程改动要求(客户) PCN Process Change Notice 工序改动通知PMP Product Management Plan 生产管制计划SIP Standard Inspection Procedure 制程检验标准程序SOP Standard Operation Procedure 制造作业规范IS Inspection Specification 成品检验规范BOM Bill Of Material 物料清单PS Package Specification 包装规范SPEC Specification 规格DWG Drawing 图面系统文件类ES Engineering Standard 工程标准CGOO China General PCE龙华厂文件IWS International Workman Standard 工艺标准ISO International Standard Organization 国际标准化组织GS General Specification 一般规格部类PMC Production & Material Control 生产和物料控制PCC Product control center 生产管制中心PPC Production Plan Control 生产计划控制MC Material Control 物料控制DC Document Center 资料中心QE Quality Engineering 质量工程(部)QA Quality Assurance 质量保证(处)QC Quality Control 质量管理(课)PD Product Department 生产部LAB Laboratory 实验室IE Industrial Engineering 工业工程R&D Research & Design 设计开发部生产类PCs Pieces 个(根,块等)PRS Pairs 双(对等)CTN Carton 卡通箱PAL Pallet/skid 栈板PO Purchasing Order 采购订单MO Manufacture Order 生产单D/C Date Code 生产日期码ID/C Identification Code (供货商)识别码SWR Special Work Request 特殊工作需求L/N Lot Number 批号P/N Part Number 料号OEM Original Equipment Manufacture 原设备制造PC Personal Computer 个人计算机CPU Central Processing Unit 中央处理器As Soon As Possible 尽可能快的E-MAIL Electrical-Mail 电子邮件N/A Not Applicable 不适用QTY Quantity 数量I/O input/output 输入/输出NG Not Good 不行,不合格C=0 Critical=0 极严重不允许APP Approve 核准,认可,承认CHK Check 确认ASS'Y Assembly 装配,组装T/P True Position 真位度5WIH When, Where, Who, What, Why, How to6M Man, Machine, Material, Method, Measurement, Message4MTH Man, Material, Money, Method, Time, How 人力,物力,财务,技术,时间(资源) SQA Strategy Quality Assurance 策略质量保证DQA Design Quality Assurance 设计质量保证MQA Manufacture Quality Assurance 制造质量保证SSQA Sales and service Quality Assurance 销售及服务质量保证LRR Lot Reject Rate 批退率SPS Switching power supply 电源箱DT Desk Top 卧式(机箱)MT Mini-Tower 立式(机箱)DVD Digital Video DiskVCD Video Compact DiskLCD Liquid Crystal DisplayCAD Computer Aided DesignCAM Computer Aided ManufacturingCAE Computer Aided EngineeringPCB Printed Circuit Board 印刷电路板CAR Correction Action Report 改善报告NG Not Good 不良WDR Weekly Delivery Requirement 周出货要求PPM Percent Per Million 百万分之一TPM Total Production Maintenance 全面生产保养MRP Material Requirement Planning 物料需计划OS Operation System 操作系统TBA To Be Assured 待定,定缺D/C Drawing ChangeP/P Plans & ProcedureEMI Electrical-Music Industry 电子音乐工业Electrical Magnetic Interference 电子干扰RFI Read Frequency Input 读频输入MMC Maximum Material ConditionMMS Maximum Material SizeLMC Least Material ConditionLMS Least Material SizeLED lighting-emitting diode 发光二极管。

[设计]印刷术语英语翻译

【凹版印刷术语英语翻译】暗调部分 shaded area凹凸印 embossing 用凹凸两块印版，把印刷品压印出浮雕状图像的加工。

扒圆 rounding 圆脊精装书在上书壳前，先把书芯背部处理成圆弧形的工序。

包本 covering 在书芯上裹封皮。

包封皮机 book covering machine 对书芯籍背脊自动上胶并粘贴封皮的机器。

包角 corner-wrapping 以某种材料包裹书壳的四角。

背面涂层 back coating表面整饰 decorativefinishing 在书籍封皮或其他印刷品上进行上光、覆膜、擦金、烫箔、压凹凸或其他装饰加工的总称。

部件托板 equipment carrier擦金 bronzing 以一定的浆料印好字迹或图案，趁其未干敷上金黄色金属粉末任其粘附后，把多余的粉末擦刷去，呈露金色的文字或图案。

插页 insert 书刊中插入不成帖的零页。

磁盘分配表 disk allocation table(DAT)打排孔 perforating 在单据、票证或其他零件印刷的印件上打一排小孔，以便于撕下。

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A non-negative integer vector x& of length N was introduced
to represents the radio resources utilization in the system at a given instant of time. Each of its component xi represents the total number of active calls on a given cell [2].
Thus, this paper presents a new analytical model to evaluate the performance of the channel allocation technique that presents in theory the capacity limits of a mobile cellular system: the MP (Maximum Packing) assignment technique.
The analytical model is based on the system space-state SMP, evaluation based only on the cellular geometry, interference constraints and amount of radio resources. The cells and system blocking probabilities are determined by adding the occurrence probabilities, of all the states that correspond to specific cell and system blocking conditions.
MAXIMUM PACKING TECHNIQUE PERFORMANCE IN HIGHWAY AND PLANAR CELLULAR TYPE SYSTEMS
Victor Santos1,3, Manuel Dinis2, José Neves3
1 ISEC, Rua Pedro Nunes - Quinta da Nora, 3030-199 Coimbra, Portugal, vsantos@isec.pt 2 Portugal Telecom Inovação S.A., Rua José F. P. Basto, 3810-106 Aveiro, Portugal, mdinis@ptinovacao.pt 3 Instituto de Telecomunicações, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, jneves@av.it.pt
Keywords - Maximum Packing, analytical model.
I. INTRODUCTION
An enormous research effort was performed, over the last years, on third generation mobile cellular system design and on the conception of new ideas and techniques to improve the existing cellular systems capacity. This effort was motivated by the huge impact of the mobile communications systems on several technological, economic and even social aspects of nowadays society.
Abstract - This paper presents an analytical model that evaluates the performance of the Maximum Packing channel allocation technique on linear and planar cellular systems. The main innovations introduced by this model are the deterministic identification of the system space-state SMP and its application to a multi-dimensional Markov chain. The model was thereafter applied to several cellular systems with different characteristics: number of cells, number of channels, interference constraints and offered traffic values. Simulation results have validated the model and shown that Maximum Packing technique provides the best performance among all the available algorithms.
The exponential growth observed on the number of current mobile cellular systems users, has however, exposed several capacity and performance problems of those networks originated by an inefficient usage of the assigned spectrum. The inclusion of dynamic channel allocation technique on the mobile network protocols increases the utilization of the radio resources mitigating earlier mentioned problems and leading to more efficient solutions.
B. The dimensionality of the MP problem
In mobile cellular networks that adopt the FCA (Fixed Channel Allocation) technique as a resource management method, the existing radio resources are divided among the cells of the different clusters in a predefined and permanent way. Having in mind that in this channel allocation technique the cells are independent from each other, we conclude that the performance evaluation problem has only one dimension. In this case the blocking probability of each cell is given by the Erlang B formula where it is only necessary to know the number of available channels and the offered traffic load values per cell.
II. MP ANALYTICAL EVALUATION
A. Maximum Packing
The MP technique [1] is an idealized DCA algorithm that will only block a call if there are no possible reassignments in order to free a channel for the new call. This algorithm tries to find a possible solution to serve each call at each moment. The large amount of information required by this technique, in order to search for all possible reallocations, makes this algorithm impractical for implementation.
The MP algorithm however precludes the necessity of that information because a call is admitted only if there are possible reassignments of the existing calls, in order to free a channel in that cell. Therefore, the dimension of the MP performance evaluation problem is equal to the number of cells on the considered mobile cellular system.
0-7803-7589-0/02/$17.00 ©2002 IEl model definition
The scenario presented in this paper points for a cellular system built up by a finite set of N non-overlapping cells that share a common pool of radio resources according to the MP channel allocation technique presented in the former section. It is also assumed that the offered traffic values of each cell are known, being independent from each other.

MAXIMUM PACKING TECHNIQUE PERFORMANCE IN HIGHWAY AND PLANAR CELLULAR TYPE SYSTEMS

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