2020年12月英语四级真题及参考答案-三套全

2020 年12 月四级真题及答案（全3 套）
四级写作第一套
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the change of communication. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
With the development of science and technology, we have witnessed the various huge changes of our daily life, among which, the change of communication is striking. However, people’s view on it never come to consensus. Concerning it, both communication online and offline have their merits.
For one thing, no one denies that communication online brings great convenience to us, especially to those who have friends or relatives in remote areas. Because the change makes it possible for them to have frequent chat. And, the way we contact with others is diverse. Video calls and voice message can both meet modern people’s satisfaction. For another, the change is also making us disconnected. Due to the availability, people are gradually reluctant to have face-to-face communication with surrounding people, which is isolating us from the people we love.
Given the factors above, the change of communication, we have to admit, is more like a double-edged sword. Neither do we discard it nor completely rely on it. Instead, we should make reasonable use of it so as to maximize its benefits.
随着科学技术的发展，我们见证了我们日常生活中的各种巨大变化，其中沟通方式的变化是引人注目的。

然而，人们对它的看法从来没有达成共识。

在这方面，线上和线下的交流都有各自的优点。

一方面，没人否认网上交流带来的巨大便利性，特别是对那些在偏远地区有朋友或亲戚的人。

因为这种变化使他们能频繁交流。

而且，我们与他人联系的方式也是多种多样的。

视频通话和语音信息都能满足现代人的需求。

另一方面，这种变化也使我们“掉线”。

由于其实用性，人们逐渐不愿意与周围的人面对面交流，这正在把我们和我们爱的人隔离开来。

鉴于上述因素，我们不得不承认，交流的变化更像一把双刃剑。

我们既不能抛弃它，也不能完全依赖它。

相反，我们应该合理利用它，使它的效益最大化。

四级写作第二套
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the change of transportation. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
As a result of technological advance and globalized division of labor, the transportation we use has seen a lot of improvements, bringing us both convenience and challenges.
There are several major effects that come after these changes. First of all, the construction of infrastructure such as railways, expressways and airports are in full play around the world, which lays the foundation for modern vehicles to operate. Meanwhile, obsolete vehicles such as carriages and bicycles no longer fit modern roads. Furthermore, both the safety and the capacity of today’s cars, trains and airplanes have improved greatly compared to those in operation decades ago, let alone the comfort level for passengers. These developments have not only shortened people’s travel time, but also accelerated the pace of life and improved productivity. Aside from the aformentioned advantages of changes in transportation, it is also undeniable that some potential negative effects lie in these changes. Nevertheless, every coin has two sides, and we must be convinced that the continual technological development can overcome the flaws of
modern vehicles.
科技的进步和国际范围的劳务分工给我们的交通方式带来了许多改进，这既为我们带来了方便，也给我们带来了挑战。

这些改变主要产生了几点影响。

首先，铁路、高速公路、机场等基础设施的建设在全世界范围内都在如火如荼地开展，这为现代交通工具的运行奠定了基础。

同时，马车、自行车这些过时的交通工具也不再适合现代道路了。

除此之外，现在的汽车、火车、飞机无论是安全性还是载客量都比几十年前提高了很多，更不用说乘客的舒适度的提高了。

这些发展不仅缩短了人们旅途中花费的时间，还加快了生活节奏、提高了生产力。

交通方式的改变除了有以上优点以外，也不可否认地具有一些潜在的负面影响。

然而，正如每一个硬币都有两面，我们还是应该坚信不断的科技发展可以克服现代交通工具的缺陷。

四级写作第三套
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the change of education. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Thanks to the development of modern technology, China has witnessed great changes in its way of education recently. Many people are choosing to study online instead of studying in classrooms. In my opinion, this change of education has brought various benefits both to the learners and the educators.
Firstly, the convenience of online study has benefited many learners because they can get access to the rich learning materials on the Internet without the limit of time and space. Online learning is especially effective when you need short-term training for exams on skills or techniques. Secondly, the school faculty are using online courses to teach the students. In 2020, during the outbreak of novel coronavirus, online teaching has ensured numerous students to attend classes through the Internet.
In summary, the change of from classroom education to online education provides more choices to Chinese learners and educators. These two ways of education can complement each other efficiently if we know how to use them in a flexible way.
近来，由于现代科技的发展，中国的教育方式发生了巨大的变化。

许多人选择在线学习而不是在教室里学习。

在我看来，这种教育方面的改变给学习者和教育者都带来了各种各样的好处。

首先，网上学习的便利性使许多学习者受益匪浅，因为他们可以在网上不受时间和空间的限制而获得丰富的学习资料。

当你需要短期的技能或技术考试培训时，在线学习尤其有效。

第二，学校教师正在使用在线课程来教学生。

2020 年，在新型冠状病毒爆发期间，网络教学确保众多学生可以通过互联网上课。

综上所述，课堂教育向网络教育的转变为中国学习者和教育者提供了更多的选择。

如果我们懂得如何灵活运用，这两种教育方式可以有效互补。

四级听力第一套
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.
1.A) A deadly fish has been spotted in the Mediterranean waters.
B) Invasive species are driving away certain native species.
C) The Mediterranean is a natural habitat of Devil Firefish.
D) Many people have been attacked by Devil Firefish.
2.A) It could add to greenhouse emissions.
B)It could disrupt the food chains there.
C)It could pose a threat to other marine species.
D)It could badly pollute the surrounding waters.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
3. A) Cars will not be allowed to enter the city.
B)About half of its city center will be closed to cars.
C)Buses will be the only vehicles allowed on its streets.
D)Pedestrians will have free access to the city.
4.A) The rising air pollution in Paris.
B) The worsening global warming.
C) The ever-growing cost of petrol.
D) The unbearable traffic noise.
Questions 5 and 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
5.A) Many of his possessions were stolen.
B) His house was burnt down in a fire.
C) His fishing boat got wrecked on a rock.
D) His good luck charm sank into the sea.
6.A) Change his fishing locations.
B)Find a job in a travel agency.
C)Spend a few nights on a small island.
D)Sell the pearl he had kept for years.
7. A) A New York museum...
B)The largest pearl in the world...
C)His monstrous pearl was extremely valuable.
D) His pearl could be displayed in a museum.
Questions 8 and 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
8.A) It boast a fairly long history.
B) It produces construction materials.
C) It has 75 offices around the world.
D) It has over 50 business partners.
9.A) It has about 50 employees.
B)It was started by his father.
C)It has a family business.
D)It is over 100 years old.
10.A) Shortage of raw material supply.
B) Legal disputes in many countries.
C) Outdated product design.
D) Loss of competitive edge.
11.A) Conducting a financial analysis for it.
B) Providing training for its staff members.
C) Seeking new ways to increase its exports.
D) Introducing innovative marketing strategies.
Questions 12 and 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12.A) She is a real expert at house decorations.
B) She is well informed about the design business.
C) She is attracted by the color of the sitting room.
D) She is really impressed by the man’s house.
13.A) From his younger brother Greg.
B)From home design magazines.
C)From a construction businessman.
D)From a professional interior designer.
14.A) The effort was worthwhile.
B) The style was fashionable.
C) The cost was affordable.
D) The effect was unexpected.
15.A) She’d like him to talk with Jonathan about a new project.
B) She wants him to share his renovation experience with her.
C) She wants to discuss the house decoration budget with him.
D) She’d like to show him around her newly-renovated house. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16.A) Providing routine care for small children
B) Paying hospital bills for emergency cases.
C) Doing research on ear, nose and throat diseases.
D) Removing objects from patients’ noses and ears.
17.A) Many children like to smell things they find or play with.
B) Many children like to put foreign objects in their mouth.
C) Five-to nine-year-olds are the most likely to put things in their ears.
D) Children aged one to four are often more curious than older children.
18.A) They tend to act out of impulse.
B)They want to attract attentions.
C)They are unaware of the potential risks.
D) They are curious about these body parts.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19.A) It paid for her English lessons.
B) It gave her a used bicycle.
C) It delivered her daily necessities.
D) It provided her with physical therapy.
20.A) Expanding bike-riding lessons.
B) Asking local people for donations.
C) Providing free public transport.
D) Offering walking tours to visitors.
21.A) It is a language school.
B)It is a charity organization.
C)It is a counseling center.
D)It is a sports club.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22.A) How mice imitate human behavior in space.
B) How low gravity affects the human body.
C) How mice interact in a new environment.
D) How animals deal with lack of gravity.
23.A) They were not used to the low-gravity environment.
B) They found it difficult to figure out where they were.
C)They found the space in the cage too small to stay in.
D) They were not sensitive to the changed environment.
24.A) They tried everything possible to escape from the cage.
B)They continued to behave as they did in the beginning.
C)They already felt at home in the new environment.
D)They had found a lot more activities to engage in.
25.A) They repeated their activities every day.
B) They behaved as if they were on Earth.
C)They begin to eat less after some time.
D) They changed their routines in space.
News report 1
(1) A poisonous fish which has a sting strong enough to kill a human is invading the Mediterranean, warn the scientist. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature has raised concerns after the poisonous fish was spotted in the waters around Turkey, Cyprus and the eastern Mediterranean. Native to the South Pacific and Indian Ocean, the potentially deadly fish has poisonous barbs and an painful sting capable of killing people. Although fatalities are rare, the stings can cause extreme pain, and stop people breathing. The fish, also known as the Devil Firefish, is a highly invasive a species, (2) and environmentalists fear its arrival could endanger other types of marine life. After being spotted in the Med, a marine scientist says: "The fish is spreading, and that's a cause for concern.”
Q1: What is reported in the news?
A. A deadly fish has been spotted in the Mediterranean waters.
此题考察视听一致+同义替换，且新闻开头出题，关键词“Mediterranean”，“fish”原词复现，“deadly”与原文“poisonous”，“spotted”与原文“invading”此语境下表达同一意思。

Q2: What is the environmentalist concern about the spread of devil fire fish in the Mediterranean?
C. It could pose a threat to other marine species.
此题考察视听一致+同义替换，“pose a threat ”与原文“endanger ”，“species”与原文“life”此语境下表达同一意思；“marine”原词复现。

News Report 2
(3)Almost half the center of Paris will be accessible only by foot or bicycle this Sunday to mark World-Car-Free Day. (4) This is in response to rising air pollution that made Paris the most polluted city in the world for a brief time. Mayor Ann Ethogo promoted the first World-Car-Free Day last year. Ethogo also has supported a Pairs-briefs-Day on the first Sunday of every month. Paris clears traffic from eight lanes of the main road. About 400 miles of streets will be closed to cars. It is expected to bring significant reduction in pollution levels. (4) Last year's Car-Free Day showed a 40% drop in pollution levels in some parts of the city. According to an independent air pollution monitor, reports the guardian and sound levels dropped by 50% in the city center.
Q3: What will happen on World-Car-Free-Day in Paris?
B. About half of its city center will be closed to cars.
此题考察句意理解，原文“be accessible only by foot or bicycle ”表示只开放步行通道或自行车通道，也就是表示不允许汽车驶入。

Q4: What motivated the mayor of Paris to promote the first World-Car-Free Day in her city?
A. The rising air pollution in Paris.
此题考察视听一致，关键词“rising”“air pollution”“Paris”原词复现
News Report 3
(5) A Philippine fisherman was feeling down on his luck when a house fire forced him to clear out his possessions and change locations. Then, a good luck charm that he kept under his bed changed his life. The unidentified man fished out a giant pearl from the ocean when his anchor got stuck on the rock while sailing off a coastal island in the Philippines 10 years ago. (6) When he was forced to sell it, (7) the shocked tourist agent at Puerto Francesca told him that the £77 giant pearl that he had kept hidden in his run-down wooden house was the biggest pile in the world, which was valued at £76 million. The pearl of Allah, which is currently on display in a New York Museum, only weighs 14 pounds. That is 5 times smaller than the pearl that the fisherman just handed in. The monstrous pearl, measured at 1 foot wide and 2.2 feet long, is going to be verified by local experts and international authorities before hopefully going on display to attract more tourists in the little town.
Question 5. What happened to the Philippine fisherman one day?
B. His house was burnt down in a fire.
此题首句出题，house 与fire 原词复现，开头表示他的房间被火烧毁，选项符合文意Question 6. What was the fisherman forced to do?
D. Sell the pearl he had kept for years.
此题考察句意理解，原文提到主人公偶然获得一个大珍珠，后来被迫卖掉，原文复现pearl 和kept
Question 7. What did the fisherman learn from the tourist agent?
C. His monstrous pearl was extremely valuable.
此题考察句意理解，文章末尾提到主人公的珍珠是世界上最大的，很值钱，选项B 符合文意
Conversation 1
W: Mr. Smith, it's a pleasure meeting you.
M: Nice to meet you, too. What can I do for you?
W: Well, I'm here to show you what our firm can do for you. Astro Consultant has branches in over 50 countries, offering different business services. (8) We are a global company with 75 years of history and our clients include some of the world's largest companies.
M: Thank you, Mrs. Houston. I know Astro Consultant is a famous company, but you said you would show me what you could do for me. Well, what exactly can your firm do for my company? W:We advise businesses on all matters—from market analysis to legal issues. Anything of business like yours could need, our firm offers expert advice. Could I ask you, Mr. Smith, to tell me a little about your company and the challenges you face? That way, I could better respond as to how we can help you.
M:OK, sure. (9) This is a family business started by my grandfather in 1950. We employed just
over 100 people. We manufacture an export stone for buildings and other constructions. Our clients usually want a special kind of stone cut in a special design. That's what we do in our factory. (10) Our main challenge is that our national currency is rising and we're losing competitive advantage to stone producers in India.
W:I see. that's very interesting. (11) I would suggest that you let us first conduct a financial analysis of your company, together with an analysis of your competitors in India. That way we could offer the best advice on different ways forward for you.
Q8. What do we learn about the woman's company?
A. It boasts a fairly long history.
此题第一轮问答出题，考察同义替换，原文提到“We are a global company with 75 years of history”，表示公司历史较长，选项A 符合文意，history 原词复现
Q9. What does the man say about his own company?
C. It is a family business.
此题考察视听一致，family business 原词复现
Q10. What is the main problem with the man's company?
D. Loss of competitive edge.
此题考察视听一致+同义替换，losing 和competitive 原词复现，“edge”和“advantage”此语境下同义
Q11. What does the woman suggest doing to help the man’s company?
A. Conducting a financial analysis for it.
此题考察视听一致，关键词全部复现
Conversation 2
W:(12) Wow, Congratulations, Simon. The place looks absolutely amazing.
M:Really? You think so?
W:Of course, I love it! It looks like you had a professional interior designer. But you didn't, did you?
M:No. I did it all by myself—with a little help from my brother Greg. He's actually in the construction business, which was really helpful.
W:Well, honestly, I'm impressed. I knew I could probably repaint the walls in my house over a weekend or something, but not a full renovation. Where did you get your ideas? I wouldn't know where to start.
M:(13) Well, for a while now, I've been regularly buying home design magazines every now and then, and say the picture I liked. Believe it or not, I had a full notebook of magazine pages. Since my overall style was quite minimal, I thought and hoped the whole renovation wouldn't be too difficult. And sure enough, with Greg's help, it was very achievable.
W: Was it very expensive? I imagine a project like this could be.
M:(14) Actually, it was surprisingly affordable. I managed to sell a lot of my old furniture, and put that extra money towards the new material. Greg was also able to get some discount of materials from a recent project he was working on as well.
W:Great. If you don't mind, I'd like to pick your brain a bit more. Jonathan and I are thinking of renovating our sitting room, not the whole house—not yet anyway. (15) And we'd love to get some inspiration from your experience. Are you free to come over for a coffee early next week?
Question 12. What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?
D. She is really impressed by the man’s house.
此题开头出题，且通过“she”判断此题与说话人女相关，长对话开头说话人女提到Wow, Congratulations, Simon. The place looks absolutely amazing.表示她很喜欢说话人男的家，选项B与原文相符
Question 13. Where did the man get his ideas for the project?
B. From home design magazines.
此题考察视听一致，关键词全部复现
Question 14. What did the man say about the project he recently completed?
C. The cost was affordable.
此题出题点在第二轮问答，考察视听一致，关键词“affordable”原词复现Question 15. Why does the woman invite the man to her house next week? B. She wants him to share his renovation experience with her.
此题考察句意理解，材料最后说话人女提到And we'd love to get some inspiration from your experience.表示她想借鉴说话人男的意见，选项D 符合文意
Passage 1
(16)Removing foreign objects from ears and noses costs England almost￡3 million a year, a study suggests. Children were responsible for the vast majority of cases. 95% of objects removed from noses, and 85% from ears. Every year, an average of 1,218 nose ，and 2,479 ear removals took place between 2010 and 2016. (17) According to England's hospital episodes statistics, children aged 1 to 4 were the most likely to need help from doctors for a foreign object in their nose. 5 to 9 -year-olds come to the hospital with something in their ears the most. Jewelry items accounted for up to 40% of cases in both the ears and noses of children. Paper and plastic toys for the items removed next most from noses. Cotton buds, and pencils were also found in years.
(18)According to the study, the occurrence of foreign objects in children is generally attributed to curiosity. Children have an impulse to explore their noses and ears. This results in the accidental entry of foreign objects. Any ear, nose and throat surgeon has many weird stories about wonderful objects found in the noses and ears of children and adults. Batteries can pose a particular danger. In all cases, prevention is better than cure. This is why many toys contain warnings about small parts. Recognizing problems early and seeking medical attention is important.
Question16 What does England spend an annual￡3 million on?
D. Removing objects from patients’ noses and ears.
此题开头出题，考察视听一致，所有关键词全部原文复现。

Question17 What do we learn from England's hospital episodes statistics?
C. Five-to nine-year-olds are the most likely to put things in their ears.
此题考察视听一致+同义替换，Five-to nine-year-olds，ears 原文复现，the most likely 与the most 此语境下同义
Question18 What is generally believed to account for children putting things in their ears or noses?
D. They are curious about these body parts.
此题考察句意理解，文章最后一段提到“the occurrence of foreign objects in children is
generally attributed to curiosity.”表示小孩容易在耳朵和眼睛放异物是因为他们的好奇心，选项D 符合文意，curious 和curiosity 同词根不同词性同义替换
Passage 2
(21) Good morning. Today, I would like to talk to you about my charity Re-bicycle.
But before that, let me introduce someone. This is Layla Rahimi. She was so scared when she first moved to new Zealand. Does she struggled to leave the house? I would spend days working up the courage to walk to the supermarket for basic supplies. (19) After a few months of being quite down and unhappy, she was invited to join a local bike club. At this time, Re-bicycle got involved and gave Layla a second-hand bicycle. Within weeks, her depression had begun to ease as she cycled. The bicycle totally changed her life, giving her hope and a true feeling of freedom.
(20) To date, Re-bicycle has donated more than 200 bikes to those in need and is now expanding bike-riding lessons as a demand source. With a bike, new comers here can travel farther but for almost no cost. The 3 hours a day they used to spend walking to and from English language lessons has been reduced to just 1hour.
(21)Our bike riding lessons are so successful that we are urgently looking for more volunteers, learning to ride a bike is almost always more difficult for an adult. And this can take days and weeks rather than hours. So if any of you have some free time during the weekend, please come join us at Re-bicycle and make a difference in someone’s life.
Question 19. What did Re-bicycle do to help Layla Rahimi?
B. It gave her a used bicycle.
此题考察视听一致+同义替换，gave 和bicycle 原词复现，used 和second-hand 同义替换Question 20. What is Re-bicycle doing to help those in need? A. Expanding bike-riding lessons.
此题考察视听一致，关键词全部复现
Question 21. What do we learn from the passage about Re-bicycle?
B. It is a charity organization.
此题考察出题点在开头，charity 原词复现。

Passage 3
Thanks to the international space station, (22) we know quite a bit about the effects of low gravity on the human body, but NASA scientists want to learn more. To that end, they have been studying how other species deal with low gravity, specifically focusing on mice. The results are both interesting and humorous. The scientists first sent some mice and especially designed cage to the international space station. The cage allowed them to study the behavior of the mice remotely from earth, via video.
As you’ll notice in the video, (23) the mice definitely seem uncomfortable at the beginning of the experiment. They move around clumsily, drifting within the small confines of the cage and do their best to figure out which way is up, but without success. However, it’s not long before the mice begin to catch on. They adapt remarkably well to their new environment, and even use the lack of gravity to their advantage as they push themselves around the cage. That’s when things really get wild. (24) The 11th day of the experiment shows the mice are not just dealing with the gravity change, but actually seem to be enjoying it. Several of the mice are observed running around the cage walls. The scientists wanted to see whether the mice would continue doing the
same kinds of activities they were observed doing on earth.
(25)The study showed that the mice kept much of the routines intact, including cleaning themselves and eating when hungry.
Question 22 : What do NASA scientists want to learn about?
D. How animals deal with lack of gravity.
此题考察视听一致+同义替换，注意信号词to that end 提示答案句，deal with，gravity 原词复现，animals 和other species，lack 和low 此语境下同义。

Question 23: What does the passage say about the mice at the beginning of the experiment? A. They were not used to the low-gravity environment.
此题考察句意理解，原文提到“the mice definitely seem uncomfortable ”表示老鼠在低重力的环境里感觉不舒服，也就是表示他们不习惯这种环境，选项C 符合文意
Question 24: What was observed about the mice on the 11th day of the experiment? C. They already felt at home in the new environment.
此题考察句意理解，注意信号词“but”, 原文提到“the mice are not just dealing with the gravity change, but actually seem to be enjoying it”表示老鼠开始习惯这种环境，并开始享受，C 项符合文意
Question 25: What did the scientists find about the mice from the experiment?
B. They behaved as if they were on Earth.
此题考察句意理解，文章最后提到The study showed that the mice kept much of the routines intact，老鼠的习惯完全没有变化，也就是跟在地球上是一样的，选项C 符合文意。

四级听力第二套
(1)D) He did an unusual good deed.
(2)C) Give some money to the waiter.
(3)A) Whether or not to move to the state’s mainland.
(4)B) It costs too much money.
(5)A) To investigate whether people are grateful for help.
(6)C) They held doors open for people at various places.
(7)B) Most people express gratitude for help.
(8)C) To enquire about solar panel installations.
(9)D) He has a large family.
(10)B) The cost of a solar panel installation.
(11)D) About five year.
(12)A) At a travel agency.
(13)D) She wanted to spend more time with her family.
(14)D) Two weeks.
(15)A) Choosing some activities herself.
(16)D) Pay a green tax upon arrival.
(17)A) It has not been doing a good job in recycling.
(18)B) To ban single-use plastic bags and straws on Bali island.
(19)D) Its population is now showing signs of increase.
(20)C) Commercial hunting.
(21)D) To seek breeding grounds.
(22)C) They consume less milk these days.
(23)A) It is not as healthy as once thought.
(24)C) They lack the necessary proteins to digest it.
(25)B) It provides some necessary nutrients.
四级选词填空第一套
When my son completes a task, I can't help but praise him. It's only natural to give praise where praise is due, right? But is there such a thing as too much praise? According to psychologist Katherine Phillip, children don’t benefit from 26 praise as much as we’d like to think. "Parents often praise, believing they are building their child's self-confidence. However, over-praising can have a_27_effect,” says Phillip. "When we use the same praise 28 , it may become empty and no longer valued by the child. It can also become an expectation that anything they do must be 29 with praise. This may lead to the child avoiding taking risks due to fear of 30 their parents.”
Does this mean we should do away with all the praise? Phillip says no. "The key to healthy praise is to focus on the process rather than the 31 . it is the recognition of a child's attempt, or the process in which they achieved something, that is essential, "she says. "Parents should encourage their child to take the risks needed to learn and grow”
So how do we break the 32of praise we're all so accustomed to? Phillip says it's important to _33_ between "person praise" and "process raise". "Person praise is 34_ saying how great someone is. It's a form personal approval. Process praise as acknowledgment of the efforts to person has just 35 . Children who receive person praise are more likely to feel shame after losing," says Phillip.
A)choose
B)constant
C)disappointing
D)distinguish
E)exhausting
F)experienced
G)negative
H)outcome
I)pattern
J)plural
K)repeatedly
L)rewarded
M)separately
N)simply
答案
26. B. constant
27.G. negative
28.K repeatedly
29.L rewarded
30. C disappointing
31.H. outcome
32.I .pattern
33. D .distinguish
34.N. simply
35 O. undertaken
四级选词填空第二套
The things people make, and the way they make them, determine how cities grow and decline, and influence how empires rise and fall. So, any disruption to the world's factories __26__.
And that disruption is surely coming. Factories are being digitized, filled with new sensors and new computers to make them quicker, more __27__, and more efficient.
Robots are breaking free from the cages that surround them, learning new skills, and new ways of working. And 3D printers have long __28__a world where you can make anything, any-where, from a computerised design. That vision is __29__ closer to reality. These forces will lead to cleaner factories, producing better goods at lower prices, personalized to our individual needs and desires. Humans will be __30__many of the dirty, repetitive, and dangerous jobs that have long been a __31__of factory life.
Greater efficiency __32__ means fewer people can do the same work. Yet factory bosses in many developed countries are worried about a lack of skilled human workers-and see __33__ and robots as a solution.
But economist Helena Leurent says this period of rapid change in manufacturing is a __34__ opportunity to make the world a better place. "Manufacturing is the one system where you have got the biggest source of innovation, the biggest source of economic growth, and the biggest source of great jobs in the past. "You can see it changing. That's an opportunity to __35__ that system differently, and if we can, it will have enormous significance."
答案
26.K) matters
27.G) flexible
28.M) promised
29.L) moving
30.O) spared
31.F) feature
32.H) inevitably
33.A) automation
34.D) fantastic
35.N) shape
四级选词填空第三套
Trust is fundamental to life. If you cannot trust in anything, life becomes intolerable—a constant battle against paranoia and looming disaster. You can’t have relationships without trust, let alone good ones. Intimacy depends on it. I suspect more marriages are wrecked by lack of trust than by actual infidelity. The partner who can’t trust the other not to betray him or her will either drive them away or force them into some real or assumed act of faithlessness.
In the workplace too, trust is 26 . An organization without trust will be full of backstabbing, fear and paranoid 27 . If you work for a boss who doesn’t trust her people to do things right, you’ll have a 28 time of it. She’ll be checking up on you all the time, correcting “mistakes”。