2016年北京市中考英语题(答案+解析)

2016年市高级中等学校招生考试
英语试卷
学校XXXX号
听力理解（共30分）
一、二、三（略）
知识运用（共25分）
四、单项填空（每小题1分，共10分）
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

21. My brother will come to see me tomorrow. I’ll meet at the airport.
A. her
B. you
C. him
D. them
【正确答案】C
【解题思路】本题考查代词。

是对人称代词的考查。

根据题目，确定‚My brother‛为男性，又由于空格在动词meet 之后，故选择人称代词宾格形式‚him‛。

选项A 译为‚她‛；选项B 译为‚你‛；选项D 译为‚他们‛，均排除。

故正确答案为选项C。

22. Paul’s mother is a nurse. She works a hospital.
A. with
B. on
C. of
D. in
【正确答案】D
【解题思路】本题考查介词。

是对地点介词的考查。

题干‚a hospital‛确定为具体地点。

选项A 译为‚和‛；选项B 译为‚在....上面‛；选项C 译为‚...的...”；选项D 译为‚在.....里‛。

故正确答案为选项D。

23. - are these bananas?
_ $3.99.
A. How much
B. How long
C. How heavy
D. How big
【正确答案】A
【解题思路】本题考查特殊疑问短语。

答语译为‚3.99 美元。

‛可知是提问‚多少钱‛。

选项A 译为‚多少钱‛；选项B 译为‚多久‛；选项C 译为‚多重‛；选项D 译为‚多大‛。

故正确答案为选项A。

24. Peter is 15 year old. He is than his father.
A. tall
B. taller
C. tallest
D. the tallest
【正确答案】B
【解题思路】本题考查形容词。

是对形容词比较级的考查。

根据题干‚than‛与‚He‛和‚his father‛确定该题是对形容词比较级的考查。

形容词比较级结构为：形容词比较级+than。

选项A 是原级形式；选项C 和选项D 是最高级形式，均排除。

故正确答案为选项B。

25. – Where did you go last weekend?
- I to the Great Wall.
A. go
B. went
C. will go
D. have gone
【正确答案】B
【解题思路】本题考查时态。

是对一般过去时态的考查。

根据问句句尾时间状语
‚last weekend‛确定答语为一般过去时态。

选项A 是一般现在时态；选项C 是一般将来时态；选项D 是现在完成时态，均排除。

故正确答案为选项B。

26. Please don’t make so much noise. The baby now.
A. sleeps
B. slept
C. will sleep
D. is sleeping
【正确答案】D
【解题思路】本题考查时态。

是对现在进行时态的考查。

根据句尾的时间状语‚n ow‛可知该题应该选择现在进行时态。

选项A 是一般现在时态；选项B 是一般过去时态；选项C 是一般将来时态，均排除。

故正确答案为选项D。

27. It’s nice to see you again. We each other since 2014.
A. won’t see
B. don’t see
C. haven’t seen
D. didn’t see
【正确答案】C
【解题思路】本题考查时态。

是对现在完成时态的考查。

根据句尾的时间状语‚since 2014‛可知该题应该选择现在完成时态。

选项A 是一般将来时态；选项
B 是一般现在时态；选项D 是一般过去时态，均排除。

故正确答案为选项C。

28. I got home, my sister was doing here homework.
A. When
B. Because
C. If
D. Though
【正确答案】A
【解题思路】本题考查连词。

选项A 译为‚当……的时候‛；选项B 译为‚因为‛；选项C 译为‚如果‛；选项D 译为‚虽然‛。

根据该题句意‚______我到家，我的姐姐（妹妹）正在写作业。

‛可以判断此处的连词应该是‚when‛，译为‚当……的时候‛。

故正确答案为选项A。

29. A new road near my school next year.
A. builds
B. will build
C. is built
D. will be built
【正确答案】D 4
【解题思路】本题考查被动语态。

该题主语是‚A new road‛译为‚一条新的马路
‛，谓语动词为‚build‛译为‚建造‛。

‚马路‛只能‚被建造‛，确定该题选择被动语态。

被动语态基本结构为‚be + done‛，选项A 和选项B 不是被动语态结构，均排除。

选项C 是一般现在时态的被动语态结构；选项D 是一般将来时态的被动语态结构。

根据句尾的时间状语‚next year‛可知该题应该选择一般将来时态的被动语态结构，排除选项C。

故正确答案为选项D。

30. – Can you tell me ?
- He lives in Shanghai.
A. where Mark lives
B. where does Mark live
C. where Mark lived
D. where did Mark live
【正确答案】A
【解题思路】本题考查宾语从句。

宾语从句需遵循‚陈述语序‛原则，因此排除选项B 和选项D。

选项A 为一般现在时态；选项C 为一般过去时态。

我们询问‚对方住址‛时通常使用一般现在时态，再结合问句中的‚Can you tell me…‛以与答语中的‚He lives in…‛确定该题选择一般现在时态，排除选项C。

故正确答案为选项A。

五、完形填空（共15分，每小题1.5分）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳答案。

Mum’s Christmas Surprise
Molly ran back home from school and dropped her schoolbag on the sofa. Then on the table she saw “Mum’s Wish Book” – a mail order catalog（商品目录）from a gift shop. “Mum,” she said excitedly to herself, “this year you’ll get
the gloves you want!” Molly had walked a dog for a neighbor and saved her 31 all year to buy Mum the gloves.
She opened “Mum’s Wish Book” and hoped that she could find these32 in it. Teas ran down her face when she saw the gloves in the catalog. Mum wouldn’t buy them for herself, because the family had a 33 time on the
farm. She once heard Mum say to Dad, “Maybe some day, I’ll have the money to get them.”
Molly ran out by the back door and went straight to the post office. There she carefully filled out the order form torn from the catalog.
“I need to buy a stamp to 34 the form.” She said to Mr. Smith, the only worker in the post office.
“Umm, a pair of gloves?” s aid Mr. Smith, as he passed a stamp to her.
“Yes, It’s a Christmas gift for Mum, but please don’t tell her. I t’s our 35 , OK?” Molly didn’t realize how white Mr. Smith’s beard was until that moment. In face, he reminded her of Santa Claus.
As Molly walk ed back home, she decided to tell Dad her secret. “You’ve got to check the mailbox every day,” said Molly 36 to Dad. He nodded, with a big smile.
Coming home from school every day, Molly peeked at （偷看）Dad hen
Mum wasn’t 37 , but every time he shook his head.
On Christmas Eve, Dad came back from mailbox, still empty handed. Molly felt 38 when she went to bed, because she didn’t have the gloves for Mum.
Before Christmas dinner, as Mum took the apple pies out of the oven, Molly began 39 the table. Suddenly, they heard someone pulling up the driveway. From the window they saw Mr. Smith making his way to the door, with a box in his hand. Mr. Smith 40 Mum the box, “I believe this is yours.”
Mum looked from Dad to Molly and opened the box. Her eyes lit up when she saw the gloves. “Oh, who bought these for me?” she asked.
“Santa did,” said Molly smilingly.
“Ho! Ho! Ho! Merry Christmas!” Mr. Smith, with a loud laugh.
It was Christmas that no one would ever forget.
31. A. time B. money C. energy D. food
【正确答案】B
【解题思路】本题考查名词。

原文‚Molly had walked a dog for a neighbor and saved her ______ all year to buy Mum the gloves.‛译为‚Molly 为邻居遛狗，攒下了她一年的______ 去给妈妈买手套。

‛根据文章可推断，Molly 给邻居遛狗，可以得到报酬，所以她一年可以攒下‚钱‛，进而应该是用‚钱‛去给妈妈买手套。

选项A 译为‚时间‛；选项B 译为‚钱‛；选项C 译为‚能量‛；选项D
译为‚食物‛。

故正确答案为选项B。

32. A. flowers B. sunglasses C. gloves D. chocolates
【正确答案】C
【解题思路】本题考查名词。

原文‚She opened‘Mum’s Wish Book’ and hoped that she could find these ______ in it. Tears ran down her face when she saw the gloves in the catalog.‛译为‚她打开‘妈妈的心愿册’，希望可以在这里找到这些______。

当她在商品目录里看到手套时，眼泪流下来了。

‛根据文章可推断，她流泪是因为在商品目录里看到了她希望找到的东西—手套，由原文复现原则，应选‚手套‛。

选项A 译为‚花‛；选项B 译为‚太阳眼镜‛；选项
C 译为‚手套‛；选项
D 译为‚巧克力‛。

故正确答案为选项C。

33. A. hard B. lonely C. shor t D. busy
【正确答案】A
【解题思路】本题考查形容词。

原文‚Mum wouldn’t buy them for herself, because the family had a ______ time on the farm.‛译为‚妈妈不会给她自己买手套，因为在农场他们过着______ 的时光。

‛选项A 译为‚困难的‛；选项B译为‚孤独的‛；选项C译为‚短的‛；选项D译为‚繁忙的‛。

结合文章语境判断，故正确答案为选项A。

34. A. design B. check C. completeD. send
【正确答案】D
【解题思路】本题考查动词。

该句译为‚我需要一张邮票去______ 这个表格。

‛选项A 译为‚设计‛；选项B 译为‚核对、检查‛；选项C 译为‚完成‛；选项D 译为‚发送、寄送‛。

根据文章语境判断，故正确答案为选项D。

35. A. secret B. choice C. dream D. task
【正确答案】A
【解题思路】本题考查名词。

这句译为‚这件事是我们之间的______‛。

根据上文‚是的，这是给我妈妈的圣诞礼物，请不要告诉她。

‛选项A 译为‚秘密‛；选项B 译为‚选择‛；选项C 译为‚梦‛；选项D 译为‚任务‛。

由原文复现原则，故正确答案为选项A。

36. A. patiently B. doubtfully C. proudly D. quietly
【正确答案】D
【解题思路】本题考查副词。

根据上文，当Molly 回家的时候，她决定告诉她爸爸这个秘密。

文中提到‚‘你需要每天去检查信箱’，Molly ______和爸爸说。

‛选项A 译为‚有耐心地‛；选项B 译为‚怀疑地‛；选项C 译为‚自豪地‛；选项D 译为‚悄悄地‛。

根据上文，Molly 在和父亲说一个秘密，不想让别人知道，故正确答案为选项D。

37. A. working B. looking C. smiling D. talking
【正确答案】B
【解题思路】本题考查动词。

该句译为‚只有当妈妈没有______ 的时候，Molly 会偷看爸爸。

‛由此判断，此处填入的动词应该和‚看‛有关。

选项A 译为‚工作‛；选项B 译为‚看‛；选项C 译为‚微笑‛；选项D 译为‚说话‛，故正确答案为选项B。

38. A. sad B. strange C. angry D. tired
【正确答案】A
【解题思路】本题考查形容词。

该句译为‚当她上床去睡觉的时候，她感觉到______，因为她还没有收到给妈妈的手套。

‛选项A 译为‚伤心的‛；选项B 译为‚奇怪的、陌生的‛；选项C 译为‚气愤的‛；选项D 译为‚劳累的‛。

结合语境和感情色彩，Molly 此刻的心情应该是‚伤心的‛。

故正确答案为选项A。

39. A. pushing B. changing C. setting D. booking
【正确答案】C
【解题思路】本题考查动词。

根据前文，当妈妈把苹果派拿出来的时候，Molly _____ 桌子。

选项A 译为‚推、推动‛；选项B 译为‚改变‛；选项C 译为‚设定、支起、支放‛；选项D 译为‚预定‛。

根据动作的顺序以与语境判断，故正确答案为选项C。

40. A. bought B. handed C. lent D. returned
【正确答案】B
【解题思路】本题考查动词。

原文译为‚Mr.Smith ______ 妈妈这个盒子，然后Mr.Smith 说‘我认为这个盒子是邮递给你的’‛。

选项A 译为‚买‛；选项B 译为‚递交、递给‛；选项C 译为‚借‛；选项D 译为‚返回，归还‛，根据动词搭配判断，故正确答案为选项B。

阅读理解（共50分）
六、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。

（共30分，每小题2分）
A
it was rainy and I wa sn’t very well. I stayed in bed for a whole
day.
●Replay ●Share
Steve·10:10
It was cloudy the whole weekend in Paris. On Saturday I was
at a football game with my classmates. It was exciting! On
Sunday I was at the shops with Ann for four hours.
●Replay ●Share
41. On Saturday Sophia was .
A. in the Summer Palace
B. in the British Museum
C. at Tower Bridge
D. at Heathrow Airport
【正确答案】A
【解题思路】本题考查细节题。

题目问‚在星期六Sophia 在______‛，根据Sophia 定位到文章‚Sophia • 9:30‛这部分中的第二句话‚I was in the Summer Palace in Beijing on Saturday‛，可知Sophia 在颐和园。

故正确答案为选项A。

42. What was the weather like when Steve was in Paris?
A. Rainy.
B. Warm.
C. Cloudy.
D. Cold.
【正确答案】C
【解题思路】本题考查细节题。

题目问‚Steve 在巴黎时的天气怎样?‛,根据‚Steve‛和‚weather‛这两个关键词定位到文章‚Steve • 10:10‛这部分的第一句‚It was cloudy the whole weekend in Paris‛,可知巴黎的天气为多云。

故正确答案为选项C。

43. How long did it take Jack to get back home?
A. Two hours
B. Three hours
C. Four hours
D. Five hours
【正确答案】D
【解题思路】本题考查细节题。

题目问‚Jack 花了多长时间到家？‛，根据题目中的Jack定位到‚Jack• 11:00‛这部分的倒数第二句话‚It took me five hours to get back home‛。

故正确答案为选项D。

44. Kate was in Sydney for .
A. a picnic
B. a concert
C. a football game
D. a flower show
【正确答案】B
【解题思路】本题考查细节题。

题目问‚Kate 去悉尼是为了______‛，根据题目中的Kate 定位到‚Kate • 11:20‛这部分的倒数第二句话‚On Sund ay I was in Sydney for a concert‛。

故正确答案为选项B。

B
From Nobody to Somebody
Brian was a funny student. He loved watching comedies（喜剧）best and
hoped to beco me a comedy actor one day.
When he heard about the talent show to be held at this school, Brian decided to take part in. He had never acted on stage（舞台）before, and he
was very excited. But some students laughed at him. “You are not funny but silly,” Ken, one of his classmates, said to his face. “No one will like what you do,” another boy also said t o him, loudly.
Brian couldn’t understand why they were so unkind to him. For a moment, he thought about giving up the show. But he remembered how much his friends liked his jokes, and also his teachers said he was very funny. So he dec ided to prepare for the show.
Brian did a great job at the talent show. Everyone loved his performance, and he won the first prize! His teachers and friends were proud of him. Even so, Ken told Brian that he was not funny, and that he would never be successful. Brian didn’t understand why Ken said so, but he realized that it had nothing to do with him. He confidently continued to work towards his goal.
As the years went on, Brian met more people like Ken. “you’ll do a terrible job,” they said to him. Luckily, most people en couraged him and some helped him to become even funnier. He got a lot of opportunities to perform in movies. He was even invited to appear on television. His fans thanked him because his comedies made them feel good when they were unhappy.
Now Brian is a big comedy star! He is doing what he loves best. He never feels stressed like those unkind people, and he laughs all day long!
45. What did Brian love best when he was a student?
A. Going to school.
B. Helping classmates.
C. Watching comedies.
D. Meeting new friends.
【正确答案】C
【解题思路】本题考查细节题。

题目问‚当Brian 是一个学生的时候，他最喜欢什么？‛，根据题目中的关键信息‚love best‛和‚student‛，定位至文章第一段，可知当Brian 是学生的时候，‚He loved watching comedies best‛，译为‚他最喜欢看喜剧‛。

故正确答案为选项C。

46. Brian decided to prepare for the show because .
A. his friends liked his jokes
B. he was invited by a TV station
C. he wasn’t busy acting in movies
D. Ken was expecting his performance
【正确答案】A
【解题思路】本题考查细节题。

题目问‚Brian 决定为演出做准备是因为‚______‛，根据题目中的关键信息‚prepare for the show‛，定位至文章第三
段的最后两句，‚But he remembered how much his frie nds liked his jokes, and also his teachers said he was very funny. So he decided to prepare for the show.‛译为‚但是他想起了他的朋友们有多么喜欢他的笑话，而且他的老师们也说他非常搞笑。

所以他决定为演出做准备‛。

故正确答案为选项A。

47. After winning the first prize, Brian .
A. began to understand Ken
B. became a teacher of acting
C. encouraged others to join him
D. continued to work towards his goal
【正确答案】D
【解题思路】本题考查细节题。

题目问‚在赢得了第一名之后，Brian 做了______‛，根据题目关键信息‚winningthe first prize‛，定位至文章第四段，可知当Brain 获得第一名后，‚He confidently continued to work towards his goal.‛译为‚他自信地继续朝着他的目标努力‛。

故正确答案为选项D。

48. Brian’s fans thanked hime because his comedies brought them .
A. success
B. happiness
C. luck
D. pride
【正确答案】B
【解题思路】本题考查细节题。

题目问‚Brian 的粉丝非常感谢他是因为他的喜剧给他们带来了______‛，根据题目关键信息‚fans thanked him because‛，定位至文章第五段的最后一句，‚His fans thanked him because his comedies made them feel good when they were unhappy.‛译为‚他的粉丝感谢他是因为当他们不高兴的时候，Brian 的喜剧让他们感到快乐‛。

故正确答案为选项B。

C
Are You Right Handed or Left Handed?
Which hand do you use when write? About 8 to 15 percent of people are left handed. They often have to use tools that are designed for right-handed people. So it is difficult for left-handers to use most tools. If you are right handed, try this experiment: Take a knife with your left hand and try cutting a
potato into pieces. Don’t be surprised if you feel awkward（别扭的）.
In the past, people thought it was strange to use the left hand. Young students looked down upon their left-handed classmates. Some children were even punished for using their left hand to write. But these days parents and teachers have accepted that. In almost every school in the world, left-handed students can use their left hand to write.
What causes people to be left handed or right handed? Experts have
searched long and hard on this. They conclude（得出结论）that left-handed people
are left handed for the same reason that right-handed people are right handed. One out of every ten people just is a left-handed people are right handed. One out of every ten people just is a left-hander. It’s simply like the color of our eyes – some people have brown eyes, while some others have black eyes.
However, may researchers think that left-handers and right-handers are different in some aspects. Right-handers are more talkative and outgoing than left-handers. Many right-handed people understand spoken words better. For example, after they listen to directions to a supermarket, they can find it easily. Right-handers are good at organizing people, too. They are also better basketball guards. Just ask Yao Ming.
Research shows that left-handers are creative and artistic. Many famous performers, like Jim Carrey and Paul McCartney, are left handed. Many left-
handers learn better visually（在视觉方面）. In art, both Leonardo da Vinci and
Michelangelo were left handed. In music, Ludwig van Beethoven was left handed. In science, you find Newton and Einstein. The left-handed people are also really good at tennis and other single sports.
If you prefer one hand, but you are still good at writing with the other, you are mixed. Research shows mixed-handers can remember everyday things better than other people. What did you eat for lunch two weeks ago? If you’re mixed handed, you can probably remember.
49. If right-handers cut up potatoes with there left hand, they will .
A. get hurt
B. give up cutting
C. feel awkward
D. change their tools
【正确答案】C
【解题思路】本题考查细节题。

首先在题干中找出关键词，回原文定位，与每个选项匹配，得出正确答案。

题干译为‚如果习惯使用右手的人用左手削土豆的话，他们会感觉到______。

‛关键词为‚cut up potatoes‛回原文定位到第一段的最后两句话‚If you are right handed, try this experiment: Take a knife with your left hand and try cu tting a potato into pieces. Don’t be surprised if you feel awkward.‛原文译为‚如果你习惯使用右手，尝试一下这个实验：用你的左手拿一把刀尝试把土豆削成片。

如果你感觉到别扭，不要惊讶。

”原文与选项C 内容一致，故正确答案为选项C。

50. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. Causes of being left handed.
B. Encouragement to left-handers
C. Punishment for using the left hand.
D. Changes in opinions on left-handers.
【正确答案】D
【解题思路】本题考查段落主旨。

题干译为‚第二段主要是关于什么的？”。

第二段主要内容：在过去，人们对于习惯使用左手的人有偏见，在学校习惯使用左手的学生会被其他同学看不起或者惩罚。

但是现在的家长和老师已经接受了习惯使用左手的孩子，在学校也被允许使用左手。

所以第二段主要讲解的是人们对于‚习惯使用左手的人‛看法上的改变。

与选项D 表达观点一致，故正确答案为选项D。

51. According to the passage, right-handers .
A. learn better visually
B. are good organizers
C. are better at single sports
D. give clear directions to others
【正确答案】B
【解题思路】本题考查细节题。

题干问‚根据文章，习惯使用右手的人会______。

‛可直接定位到文章第四段倒数第二句话，由‚Right-handers are good at organizing people, too.‛可知，选项B 正确。

选项A 以与选项C 可直接定位到文章倒数第二段，可知选项A 和选项C 是描述‚left-handers‛，与题干不符；选项D 可定位到文章第四段，‚For example, after they listen to directions to a supermarket, they can find it easily.‛由此可知，习惯使用右手的人方向感更强，而选项D 说的是习惯使用右手的人能够给别人指出清晰的方向，与原文不符；故正确答案为选项B。

52. From the passage, we can learn that left-handers .
A. may be more talkative and outgoing
B. are ordinary people like right-handers
C. might remember everyday things better
D. no longer need to use right-handed tools
【正确答案】B
【解题思路】本题考查细节题。

题干问‚从文中，我们可以了解到习惯使用左手的人会______。

‛选项A 定位到第四段第二句，可知这句话是用来描述‚right-handers‛的，与题干不符；选项B 可由文章第二段以与第三段推断出来。

第二段提到‚现在的家长和老师已经接受了习惯使用左手的孩子，在学校也被允许使用左手‛。

第三段提到，专家《优能中学&1 对1 联合出品》19 们总结出，人习惯使用左手跟人习惯使用右手是出于同一个原因。

就和有些人眼睛是棕色，有些人眼睛是黑色一样，是一种正常的现象。

由此可以推断出来，有些人习惯使用左手，有些人习惯使用右手，都是正常的，与选项B 表达意思一致；选项C 可定位到原文最后一段，可知此句话是描述‚mixed-handers‛的，与题干不符；选项D 可定位到原文第一段第三句，‚很多时候，习惯用左手的人不得不使用一些工具，而这些工具是专门为习惯用右手的人设计的‛，因此，选项D 不正确。

故
正确答案为选项B。

D
Should Children Be Allowed to Get Bored?
Children need time to stand and stare. They should be allowed to get bored to that they can develop their ability to be creative.
Children are expected by their parents to be reading a textbook all the time. However, research shows that it may hamper the development of their imagination, while boredom can give them opportunities to develop creativity.
Boredom is often linked with loneliness, but a writer named MeeraSyal said boredom had helped here in developing her mind. She told researchers about her childhood. Having few things todo, Syal often talked with her neighbors. She also tried to do things like learning to bake cakes. “But impor tantly, I Thought and wrote a lot, because I was bored,” Syal said. She kept a diary, filling here time with short stories and poems she made up.
Grayson Perry, an artist, grew up in a family with little money. He enjoyed himself by making up stories, drawing pictures for his stories and reading many books in the library. Bored but free, he spent hours looking out of the window, watching the changing clouds and seasons. Perry filled up his free time with what he liked. He became creative, because he could think freely.
Dr. Belton is an expert on the effects of emotions on learning. “Boredom could be an uncomfortable feeling,” she said. “But some young people cannot deal with that boredom creatively. So sometimes they may break a classroom window, or drive a car out for a mad race.”
Usually, when children have nothing to do, they would turn on the TV, the computer, or the phone. Their time on these things has increased, yet they need to have time to think about their experiences through play or just watching the world around them.
It is this kind of thinking that can inspire the imagination. On the other hand, the TV or phone may cut short the thinking process. That can be harmful to the development of creativity. “For developing the ability to be creative,” Dr. Belton advised, “perhaps we need to stand and stare, and stay off-line from time to time.”
53. What does the word “hamper” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Slow down.
B. Keep up with.
C. Go beyond.
D. Give rise to.
【正确答案】A
【解题思路】本题考查猜词题。

文章第二段第二句话译为‚……它可能______
他们想象力的发展，然而无聊能够给他们机会来发展创造力‛，while 前后对比，后面说无聊对于发展创造力的好处，因此前文作者要表达让孩子时时刻刻捧着课本对于孩子想象力发展的坏处。

从选项分析，选项A 译为‚衰退、减速‛；选项B 译为‚与……保持同步‛；选项C 译为‚胜出、超出‛；选项D 译为‚引发、引起‛。

故正确答案为选项A。

54. The writer talks about Syal and Perry to .
A. stress the great differences between them
B. introduce a popular writer and a famous artist
C. suggest good ways of going through boredom
D. show effects of boredom on developing creativity
【正确答案】D
【解题思路】本题考查推断题。

此文为议论文，解题时先解读两个事例（两个事例为论据），然后再回原文上下文找对应总结句（即论点）。

第三段第一句‚…Meera Syal said boredom had helped her in developing her mind.‛表明无聊帮助Meera Syal 发展她的心智。

下文具体说到Meera Syal 用她写的‚stories‛和‚poems‛来充实自己的时间。

第四段说的是Grayson Perry 的事例，第四段第三句说到‚Bored but free…‛点明Grayson Perry 处于无聊但是自由的状态，第四段最后‚Perry filled up his free time with what he liked. He became creative, because he could think freely.‛说明无聊最后让Grayson Perry 变得有创造力。

两个论据的论点在第二段最后‚…boredom can give them opportunities to develop creativity‛。

选项A 译为‚强调两个人之间的重大差异‛，选项B 译为‚介绍一个受欢迎的作家和一个著名的艺术家‛，选项C 译为‚建议度过无聊时间的好方法‛。

选项D 译为‚表达无聊对于发展创造力的作用‛，故正确答案为选项D。

55. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Boredom provides children with space to think freely.
B. It’s mu ch better for children to be busy than be bored.
C. Boredom helps children deal with difficulties properly.
D. It’s boring for children to think about their experiences.
【正确答案】A
【解题思路】本题考查细节题。

需要根据选项内容定位原文，并且要结合文章的主旨进行判断。

文章主旨是‚boredom‛对于创造力和想象力有重要作用。

选项A 译为‚无聊给孩子们提供了自由想象的空间‛。

文章第一段第二句说‚They should be allowed to get bored so that they can develop their ability to be creative.‛文章最后一段第一句说‚It is this kind of thinking that can inspire the imagination.‛这两处表明‚boredom‛对于发展孩子创造力和激发孩子想象力的作用，选项A 内容与文章表述一致。

选项B 译为‚让孩子们忙起来要比让他们无聊好得多‛。

文章第二段开头说家长们想让孩子们时时都捧着课本，但是后来说‚However, research shows that it may hamper the development of their imagination, while boredom can give them opportunities to develop creativity.‛，因此，选项B 内容与文章表述不一致。

选项C 译为‚无聊能够帮助孩子恰当地处理困难‛，文章并没有关于‚处理困难‛的相关表述。

选项D 译为‚让孩子们思考自己的经历很无趣‛文章倒数第二段最后一句说‚…, yet they need to have time to think about their experiences through play or just watching the world around them.‛这里并没有‚boring‛的相关表述，选项D 内容与文章表述不一致。

故正确答案为选项A。

七、阅读短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

每个选项只能用一次。

（共10分，每小题2分）
Tips for Writing Better Articles
Many of us don’t spend a lot of time improving our writing skills. This can be a problem when we hand in our articles. Good writing skills will help us improve our grades and benefit us later in life. 56 .
Make good word choices.When we’re not sure which word is the right one for a sentence, look it up in a dictionary. Many of us choose words in a hurry and don’t take the time to decide if they’re proper. 57 .
Check facts. If we want people to believe what we write, we must make sure our facts are true. We should use dependable facts.
Rewrite. A common problem is that we don’t like to rewrite. In fact rewriting is the best way to find out and correct some mistakes, like grammar and spelling mistakes. 58 , though it takes more time and more work.
Read aloud.Sometimes it’s easier to find problem with spelling, word usage, and grammar when we read aloud. Reading aloud helps us not only find out our problems but also develop our writing.
59 . Preparing a list is necessary for writing a good article. Such a list includes: Is there a proper title? Have we explained every point? Are all the parts of the article included? This can help us to make sure that we have covered everything.
60 . But with a few simple steps, we can improve our writing skills and learn
56.【正确答案】B
【解题思路】观察设空位臵在段落最后一句话，承上启下。

因此，需要了解前后文的内容进行判断。

结合题目‚Tips for Writing Better Articles‛，且后文若干黑体小标题是tips 的具体内容，选项B 中‚The following tips…‛能够起到承上启下的作用，故正确答案为选项B。

57.【正确答案】E
【解题思路】观察设空位臵在段落最后一句话，且是在第一个黑体小标题‚Make good word choices‛下，选项E‚Good word choices are necessary for
good writing‛与该段落小标题内容一致，故正确答案为选项E。

58.【正确答案】C
【解题思路】观察设空位臵在段落中，了解设空前一句和后一句内容即可。

且设空位臵是在第三个黑体小标题‚Rewrite‛下，选项C ‚Rewriting makes our writing better‛与该段落小标题内容一致，故正确答案为选项C。

59.【正确答案】A
【解题思路】观察设空位臵在段首，需要了解本段描述的具体内容。

根据后文，‚Preparing a list is necessary for writing a good article.‛，通过前后逻辑关系，选项A‚Prepare a list‛与后文‚Preparing a list is necessary for writing a good article.‛相关，可以判断出选项A‚Prepare a list‛为本段的小标题，故正确答案为选项A。

A. Prepare a list B. The following tips can be helpful C. Rewriting makes our writing better D. It is not easy to become a better writer E. Good word choices are necessary for good writing
60.【正确答案】D
【解题思路】观察设空位臵在尾段首句，需要了解本段描述的具体内容。

选项D‚It is not easy to become a better writer‛与后文的‚… learn how to write better articles.‛相关。

故正确答案为选项D。

八、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

（共10分，每小题2分）
A 108-year-old Message in a Bottle
On November 30, 1906, George Bidder dropped a bottle from a boat into the North Sea. The weighted glass bottle sank almost to the sea floor, and then it move slowly for 108 years and 138 days.
Its journey ended when Marianne Winkler found the bottle in 2015. Winkler was then on vacation on Amrum Island. She picked up the bottle when it was washed up onto the beach. She saw a piece of paper inside, but didn’t b reak it op en. She could tell that the bottle was old. So she didn’t want to damage it.。