施工质量保证措施【中英文】

A 施工质量保证措施
construction quality assurance measures
A.1保证工程质量的项目管理制度
A. 1. Project management system to ensure project quality A.1.1质量管理体系运行
A. 1.1 operation of quality management system
A.1.1.1质量管理体系图
A. 1.1.1 quality management system diagram
A.1.1.2施工过程质量控制程序
A. 1.1.2 construction process quality control procedure
A.1.1.3技术管理体系流程图
A. 1.1.3 flow chart of technical management system
A.1.1.4材料质量控制流程图
A. 1.1.4 flow chart of material quality control
A.1.1.5施工测量管理图
A. 1.1.5 construction survey management drawing
A.1.1.6成品保护流程图
A. 1.1.6 finished product protection flow chart A.1.1.7工程验收流程图
A. 1.1.7 flow chart of project acceptance
A.1.2总则
A. 1.2 general
1.以满足工程施工技术标准和建设单位的要求为目标进行质量控制。

Quality control shall be carried out with the goal of meeting the technical standards of engineering construction and the requirements of the construction unit.
2.坚持“质量第一，预防为主”的方针和“计划、执行、检查、处理”循环工作方法，不断改进过程控制。

The principle of "prevention, control and improvement" should be adhered to, and the principle of "prevention, control and improvement" should be carried out continuously.
3.项目质量控制实行样板制。

施工过程均进行自检、互检和交接检。

隐蔽工程、指定部位和分项工程未经检验或已经检验定为不合格的，严禁转入下道工序。

The project quality control adopts the model system. Self inspection, mutual inspection and handover inspection shall be carried out during construction. Concealed works, designated parts and subdivisional works that have not been inspected or have been inspected and determined to be unqualified are not allowed to be transferred to the next process.
4.分项工程完成后，须经监理工程师检验和认可。

After the completion of subdivisional works, it must be inspected and approved by the supervising engineer.
5.质量控制按下列程序实施：确定项目质量目标→编制项目质量计划→实施项目质量计划。

The quality control shall be implemented according to the following procedures: determine the project quality objectives →prepare the project quality plan →implement the project quality plan.
A.1.3编制质量计划
A. 1.3 preparation of quality plan
1.由项目经理主持编制项目质量计划。

The project manager shall preside over the preparation of the project quality plan.
2.质量计划体现从工序、分项工程、分部工程到单位工程的全过程控制。

The quality plan reflects the whole process control from process, subdivisional works, divisional works to unit works.
3.质量计划为对外质量保证和对内质量控制的依据。

The quality plan is the basis for external quality assurance and internal quality control.
4.质量计划包括下列内容：
The quality plan includes the following contents:
4.1.编制依据、项目概况、质量目标、组织机构
Preparation basis, project overview, quality objectives and organization
4.2.各施工过程质量控制措施及管理组织协调系统
Quality control measures and management organization and coordination system of each construction process
4.3.检验和试验程序
Inspection and test procedures
4.4.对重复出现不合格质量问题的责任人的处罚办法。

Punishment measures for the person responsible for repeated unqualified quality problems.
A.1.4建筑结构材料质量管理的基本要求
basic requirements for quality management of building structural materials
A.1.4.1一般要求
General requirements
1.建筑材料质量控制的主要内容：材料的质量标准，材料的性能，材料的取样、检验试验方法，材料的适用范围和施工要求等。

Main contents of quality control of building materials: quality standards of materials, performance of materials, sampling, inspection and test methods of materials, application scope and construction requirements of materials, etc.
2.材料进场时，应提供材质证明，并根据供料计划和有关标准进行现场质量验证和记录。

质量验证包括材料品种、型号、规格、数量、外观检查和见证抽样，进行物理、化学性能试验。

验证结果报监理工程师审批。

When materials enter the site, material certificates shall be provided, and on-site quality verification and records shall be carried out according to the material supply plan and relevant standards. Quality verification includes material variety, model, specification, quantity, appearance inspection, witness sampling, and physical and chemical performance tests. The verification results shall be submitted to the supervising engineer for approval.
3.现场验证不合格的材料不得使用或按有关标准规定降级使用。

Materials that fail to pass the on-site verification shall not be used or degraded according to relevant standards.
4.对于项目采购的物资，业主的验证不能代替项目对采购物资的质量责任，而业主采购的物资，项目的验证不能取代业主对其采购物资的质量责任。

For the materials purchased by the project, the verification of the owner cannot replace the quality responsibility of the project for the purchased materials, while for the materials purchased by the owner, the verification of the project cannot replace the quality responsibility of the owner for the purchased materials.
5.物资进场验证不齐或对其质量有怀疑时，要单独堆放该部分物资，待资料齐全和复验合格后，方可使用。

When the materials are not fully verified or have doubts about their quality, the materials shall be stacked separately and can be used only after the materials are complete and qualified in the re inspection.
6.严禁以劣充好，偷工减料。

It is strictly prohibited to replace the good with the bad and cut corners.
7.要严格按施工组织平面布置图进行现场堆料，不得乱堆乱放。

检验与未检验物资应标明分开码放，防止非预期使用。

The materials shall be stacked on site in strict accordance with the construction organization layout plan, and shall not be stacked and placed disorderly. The inspected and non inspected materials shall be marked and stacked separately to prevent unintended use.
8.应做好各类物资的保管、保养工作，定期检查，做好记录，确保其质量完好。

All kinds of materials shall be kept and maintained, inspected regularly and recorded to ensure their good quality.
A.1.4.2钢材的质量管理要求
quality management requirements of steel
1.生产厂家必须是具有国家批准生产的资质证明。

The manufacturer must have the qualification certificate approved by the state.
2.每批供应的钢材必须具有出厂合格证。

合格证上内容应齐全清楚，具有材料名称、品种、规格、型号、出厂日期、批量、炉号、每个炉号的生产数量、供应数量、主要化学成分和物理机械性能等，并加盖生产厂家公章。

Each batch of steel supplied must have factory certificate. The contents on the certificate shall be complete and clear, with material name, variety, specification, model, factory date, batch, heat number, production quantity, supply quantity, main chemical composition and physical and mechanical properties of each heat number, and stamped with the official seal of the manufacturer.
3.进入施工现场每一批钢材，应标识品种、规格、数量、生产厂家、检验状态和使用部位，并应码放整齐。

Each batch of steel entering the construction site shall be marked with variety, specification, quantity, manufacturer, inspection status and use position, and shall be stacked neatly.
A.1.4.3水泥的质量管理要求
quality management requirements of cement
1.生产厂家必须是具有国家批准生产的资质证明。

The manufacturer must have the qualification certificate approved by the state.
2.每批供应的水泥必须具有出厂合格证。

合格证上内容应齐全清楚，具有材料名称、品种、规格、型号、出厂日期、批量、主要化学成分和强度值，并加盖生产厂家公章。

合格证分为3d和28d的强度报告。

Each batch of cement supplied must have factory certificate. The contents on the certificate shall be complete and clear, with material name, variety, specification, model, date of manufacture, batch, main chemical composition and strength value, and stamped with the official seal of the manufacturer. The certificate is divided into
3D and 28d strength reports.
3.进入施工现场的每一批水泥，应在建设单位代表或监理工程师的见证下，按袋装水泥每一批量不超过200t（散装水泥每一批量不超过500t）进行见证取样，封样送检复试，主要是检测水泥安定性、强度和凝结时间等是否满足规范规定。

For each batch of cement entering the construction site, under the witness of the representative of the construction unit or the supervising engineer, witness sampling shall be carried out according to each batch of bagged cement not exceeding 200t (each batch of bulk cement not exceeding 500t), sealed samples shall be sent for inspection and retest, mainly to detect whether the stability, strength and setting time of cement meet the specifications.
4.进入施工现场每一批水泥，应标识品种、规格、数量、生产厂家和日期、检验状态和使用部位。

并应码放整齐。

Each batch of cement entering the construction site shall be marked with variety, specification, quantity, manufacturer and date, inspection status and use position. And shall be stacked neatly.
A.1.4.4工程物资进场报验程序
application procedure for mobilization and inspection of engineering materials
1.凡本工程材料、构配件、设备等物资进场（使用）前须填报津监理A6《工程物资进场报验申请表》报审。

（包括建筑、水、电等各专业），报验程序如下：
Before the mobilization (use) of materials, components, fittings, equipment and other materials of the project, the supervisor A6 application form for mobilization and inspection of engineering materials shall be filled in and submitted for approval. (including construction, water, electricity and other disciplines), the inspection procedures are as follows:
2.对进场工程物资的名称、规格、数量、进场时间、使用部位、产品质量证明（合格）文件等资料进行详细检查验收。

Conduct detailed inspection and acceptance on the name, specification, quantity, mobilization time, use parts, product quality certificate (qualified) documents and other materials of mobilized engineering materials.
3.填报津监理A6表，须经项目经理签字；并填写“原材料（构配件）进场验收记录”津资K-J3-1（通用）。

附产品质量证明（合格）文件、检验报告等。

报项目监理部和建设单位，共同进行进场验收。

Fill in the supervision A6 form, which must be signed by the project manager; And fill in the "entry acceptance record of raw materials (components and accessories)" JINZI k-j3-1 (general). Attach product quality certificate (qualification) documents, inspection report, etc. Report to the project supervision department and the construction unit for mobilization acceptance.
4.对工程物资的资料审查和外观检验合格后，对有复试要求的工程物资，依据见证取样的批量要求，在监理人员见证下由施工单位抽样人员抽取样品送交实验室检验，并应及时将见证检测报告上报现场项目监理部复核，再次填报津监理A6《工程物资进场报验申请表》报现场项目监理部验收。

After the data review and appearance inspection of engineering materials are qualified, the sampling personnel of the construction unit shall take samples and send them to the laboratory for inspection according to the batch requirements of witness sampling, and the witness test report shall be submitted to the on-site project supervision department for review in time, Fill in the A6 application form for inspection of engineering materials and submit it to the on-site project supervision department for acceptance.
5.实物检验不合格，或见证取样检验不合格，按监理单位审查意见落实。

If the physical inspection is unqualified or the witness sampling inspection is unqualified, it shall be implemented according to the review opinions of the supervision unit.
6.《工程物资进场报验申请表》报送监理留存一份，退回一份，以上工作在当日内完成并将资料整理齐全。

One copy of the application form for entry inspection of engineering materials shall be submitted to the supervisor for retention and one copy shall be returned. The above work shall be completed within the same day and the data shall be sorted out completely.
A.1.4.5装饰装修材料
A. 1.4.5 decoration materials
1.入库材料要分型号、品种、分区堆放、进行标识、分别编号。

The warehousing materials shall be stacked, identified and numbered according to the model, variety and area.
2.对易燃易爆的物资，要进行标识，特定场所存放，专人负责，并有相应防护措施和应急措施。

Inflammable and explosive materials shall be marked and stored in specific places. Special personnel shall be responsible for them, and corresponding protective measures and emergency measures shall be taken.
3.对有防潮、防湿要求的材料，要有防潮、防湿措施，并要有标识。

Materials with moisture-proof and moisture-proof requirements shall be provided with moisture-proof and moisture-proof measures and signs.
4.对有保质期的材料要定期检查，防止过期，并做好标识。

The materials with shelf life shall be inspected regularly to prevent expiration and marked.
5.对易坏的材料、设备，要保护好外包装，防止损坏。

Protect the outer packaging of perishable materials and equipment to prevent damage.
A.1.5施工准备阶段的质量控制
quality control in construction preparation stage
1.项目经理部指定专人管理设计图纸和技术资料并公布有效文件清单。

The project management department shall appoint a special person to manage the design drawings and technical data and publish the list of effective documents.
2.项目经理部依据设计文件和设计技术交底的工程控制点进行复测。

当发现问题时，与设计人协商处理，并形成记录。

The project management department shall retest the engineering control points according to the design documents and design technical disclosure. When problems are found, negotiate with the designer and form records.
3.项目技术负责人主持图纸审核，并形成会审记录。

The technical director of the project shall preside over the review of drawings and form joint review records.
A.1.6施工阶段的质量控制
quality control in construction stage
1.技术交底符合下列规定：
The technical disclosure shall comply with the following provisions:
1.1.单位工程、分部工程和分项工程开工前，项目技术负责人向承担施工的负责人或分包人进行书面技术交底。

技术交底资料办理签字手续并归档。

Before the commencement of unit works, divisional works and subdivisional works, the project technical director shall make a written technical disclosure to the person in charge or subcontractor undertaking the construction. The technical disclosure data shall be signed and filed.
1.2.在施工过程中，项目技术负责人对发包人或监理工程师提出的有关施工方案、技术措施及设计变更的要求，在执行前向执行人员进行书面技术交底。

During the construction process, the technical director of the project shall make a
written technical disclosure to the executors before the implementation of the requirements for construction scheme, technical measures and design changes put forward by the employer or the supervising engineer.
2.工程测量符合下列规定：
The engineering survey shall comply with the following provisions:
2.1.在项目开工前编制测量控制方案，经技术负责人批准后方可实施，测量记录归档保存。

The measurement control scheme shall be prepared before the commencement of the project, which can be implemented only after being approved by the technical director, and the measurement records shall be filed and kept.
2.2.在施工过程中对测量点线妥善保护，严禁擅自移动。

The measuring points and lines shall be properly protected during construction, and unauthorized movement is strictly prohibited.
3.材料的质量控制符合下列规定：
The quality control of materials shall comply with the following provisions:
3.1.项目经理部在质量计划确定的合格材料供应人名录中招标采购材料、半成品和构配件。

The project management department shall purchase materials, semi-finished products and components and accessories through bidding in the name list of qualified material suppliers determined in the quality plan.
3.2.材料的搬运和贮存按搬运储存规定进行，并建立台帐。

The handling and storage of materials shall be carried out according to the handling and storage regulations, and the account shall be established.
3.3.项目经理部对材料、半成品、构配件进行标识。

The project management department shall mark the materials, semi-finished products, components and accessories.
3.4.未经检验和已经检验为不合格的材料、半成品、构配件和工程设备等，不得投入使用。

Materials, semi-finished products, components and fittings and engineering equipment that have not been inspected and have been inspected as unqualified shall not be put into use.
3.5.对发包人提供的材料、半成品、构配件、工程设备和检验设备等，进行检验和验收。

Inspect and accept the materials, semi-finished products, components and accessories, engineering equipment and inspection equipment provided by the employer.
4.由专职计量人员控制计量器具的使用、保管维修和检验。

Full time measuring personnel shall control the use, storage, maintenance and inspection of measuring instruments.
5.工序控制符合下列规定：
Process control shall meet the following requirements:
5.1.施工作业人员经考核后持证上岗。

Construction workers shall take up their posts with certificates after assessment.
5.2.施工管理人员及作业人员按操作规程、作业指导书和技术交底文件进行施工。

Construction management personnel and operators shall carry out construction according to operation procedures, operation instructions and technical disclosure documents.
5.3.对后续工序质量有决定作用的测量与放线、模板、翻样、预制构件吊装、设备基础、各种基层、预留孔、预埋件、施工缝等进行施工预验并做好记录。

Carry out construction pre inspection and make records for the measurement and setting out, formwork, sample turning, hoisting of prefabricated components, equipment foundation, various base courses, reserved holes, embedded parts, construction joints, etc., which play a decisive role in the quality of subsequent processes.
5.4.对各类隐蔽工程进行隐检、做好隐检记录、办理隐检手续，由参与各方责任人确认、签字。

Carry out concealed inspection for various concealed works, make concealed inspection records and go through concealed inspection procedures, which shall be confirmed and signed by the responsible persons of all parties involved.
5.5.由施工管理人员记录工序施工情况。

The construction management personnel shall record the process construction.
6.对特殊过程的控制，由专业技术人员编制专门的作业指导书，经项目技术负责人审批后执行。

For the control of special processes, professional technicians shall prepare special operation instructions, which shall be implemented after being approved by the technical director of the project.
7.工程变更严格执行工程变更程序，经有关单位批准后方可实施。

The engineering change shall strictly follow the engineering change procedure and can be implemented only after being approved by relevant units.
8.建筑产品或半成品采取有效措施妥善保护。

Effective measures shall be taken to properly protect construction products or
semi-finished products.
A.1.7竣工验收阶段的质量控制
A. 1.7 quality control in completion acceptance stage
1.单位工程竣工后，必须进行最终检验和试验。

项目技术负责人按编制竣工资料的要求收集、整理质量记录。

After the completion of the unit project, the final inspection and test must be carried out. The technical director of the project shall collect and sort out quality records according to the requirements of preparing completion data.
2.项目经理部组织有关专业技术人员按合同要求编制工程竣工文件，并做好工程移交记录。

The project management department shall organize relevant professional and technical personnel to prepare project completion documents according to the requirements of the contract and make project handover records.
3.在最终检验和试验合格后，对建筑产品采取防护措施。

After the final inspection and test are qualified, protective measures shall be taken for construction products.
A.1.8质量持续改进
continuous quality improvement
1.项目经理部对不合格的控制符合下列规定：
The control of nonconformities by the project management department shall comply with the following provisions:
1.1.按公司的不合格控制程序，控制不合格物资进入项目施工现场，严禁不合格工序未经处置转入下道工序。

According to the company's nonconformity control procedure, control the entry of nonconforming materials into the project construction site. It is strictly prohibited to transfer the nonconforming process to the next process without disposal.
1.2.对验证中发现的不合格项，按鉴别→标识→记录→评价→隔离→处置的程序处理。

The nonconforming items found in the verification shall be handled according to the procedure of identification →identification →record →evaluation →isolation →disposal.
1.3.不合格处置根据不合格严重程度，按返工、返修或让步接受、降级使用、拒收或报废四种情况进行处理。

According to the severity of the nonconformity, the nonconformity shall be handled according to four conditions: rework, repair or concession acceptance, degraded use, rejection or scrapping.
1.4.对返修或返工后的产品，重新进行检验和试验，并保存记录。

The repaired or reworked products shall be inspected and tested again, and the records shall be kept.
1.5.进行不合格让步接受时，项目经理部向发包人提出书面让步申请，记录不合格程度和返修的情况，双方签字确认让步接收协议和接受标准。

In case of nonconforming concession acceptance, the project management department shall submit a written concession application to the employer, record the degree of nonconformity and repair, and both parties shall sign to confirm the concession acceptance agreement and acceptance standard.
1.6.对影响建筑主体结构安全和使用功能的不合格，邀请发包人代表或监理工程师、设计人，共同确定处理方案，报建设主管部门批准。

For nonconformities affecting the safety and use function of the main structure of the building, the employer's representative or the supervising engineer and the designer shall be invited to jointly determine the treatment scheme and submit it to the competent construction department for approval.
2.纠正措施符合下列规定：
The corrective measures shall comply with the following provisions:
2.1.对监理、设计及质量监督部门提出的质量问题，分析原因，制定纠正措施。

Analyze the causes and formulate corrective measures for the quality problems raised by the supervision, design and quality supervision departments.
2.2.对检查发现的工程质量问题或不合格报告提及的问题，由项目技术负责人组织有关人员判定不合格程度，制定纠正措施。

For the project quality problems found in the inspection or the problems mentioned in
the nonconformity report, the project technical director shall organize relevant personnel to determine the nonconformity degree and formulate corrective measures.
2.3.实施纠正措施的结果由项目质量负责人验收或记录。

The results of the implementation of corrective measures shall be accepted or recorded by the project quality director.
2.4.对严重不合格或等级质量事故的纠正措施和实施效果验证，并报公司管理层。

Verify the corrective measures and implementation effect of serious nonconformities or grade quality accidents, and report to the management of the company.
3.预防措施符合下列规定：
The preventive measures shall comply with the following provisions:
3.1.项目经理部定期召开质量分析会，对影响工程质量的潜在原因，采取预防措施。

The project management department shall hold quality analysis meetings regularly to take preventive measures against potential causes affecting project quality.
3.2.对可能出现的不合格，制定防止再发生的措施并组织实施。

For possible nonconformities, formulate measures to prevent recurrence and organize their implementation.
3.3.对质量通病采取预防措施。

Take preventive measures against common quality problems.
A.2测量弹线
A. 2 measuring snap line
1、各层总平面图主控线、轴线、完成面控制线（轴距减1米）、墙面四周顶面完成面向上250mm为机电标高线、地面±0.00水平线、各层1米水平线。

(根据楼层和班组可以分两组以上平行放线，分两组平行放线，再根据班组人数分组，形成流水放线)。

The main control line, axis, finished surface control line (wheelbase minus 1m) in the general plan of each floor, and 250mm above the finished surface around the wall are electromechanical elevation line, ground ± 0.00 horizontal line and 1m horizontal line of each floor. (according to the floor and team, it can be divided into more than two groups for parallel setting out. It can be divided into two groups for parallel setting out, and then grouped according to the number of teams to form flow setting out).
此阶段是放线最佳时期，这时空调、给排水、暖通、强弱电单位均未进场施工，土建二次结构又进入尾声，工地障碍物少，有利于经纬仪器、水准仪等仪器放线施工（减少协调）。

This stage is the best time for setting out. At this time, air conditioning, water supply and drainage, HV AC, strong and weak current units have not entered the construction site, and the secondary structure of civil engineering is coming to an end. There are few obstacles on the construction site, which is conducive to the setting out construction of theodolite instruments, level instruments and other instruments (reduce coordination).
此阶段是主控线、标高线移交、抢放主控线、水平线、轴线或一米的控制线。

This stage is the handover of the main control line and elevation line, and the rush to set out the main control line, horizontal line, axis or one meter control line.
以土建平移出来的主控线定控线，以主控线复合总包轴线（检查总包轴线是否与理论轴线有误差），如有误差，以装饰主控线为主。

或者重新弹轴线，从轴距减一米，弹墙面控制线，轴线从地面用红外线垂直水准仪移到墙面有条件。

以一米水平线弹出顶面完成面线和机电控制线。

一般在吊顶完成面250mm以上根据灯具型号而定，此尺寸测试吊顶造型及隐蔽地面±0.00线测土建高差。

Locate the control line with the main control line translated by the civil engineering, and compound the general contracting axis with the main control line (check whether there is error between the general contracting axis and the theoretical axis). If there is error, mainly decorate the main control line. Or snap the axis again, subtract one meter from the wheelbase, snap the wall control line, and move the axis from the ground to the wall with an infrared vertical level if possible. Snap the top finish line and electromechanical control line with a 1m horizontal line. Generally, the
height above 250mm of the finished surface of the ceiling shall be determined according to the model of the lamp. This size shall be used to test the ceiling shape and the civil engineering height difference of the concealed ground ± 0.00 line.
轴线及1m线
Axis and 1m line
完成面线及顶面及机电完成面线
Finish line, top surface and electromechanical finish line
以轴线放完成面线
Setting out finished surface line with axis
2、各层各区域墙面四周顶面完成面向上250mm机电标高线、地面±0.00水平线。

瓦工粉刷完成面线（卫生间、厨房间、服务间、乳胶漆、窗套线基层）;油工粉刷完成面线（粉刷石膏）;木工软包、硬包、木饰面完成面线。

云石工干挂大理石完成面线，主墙面结合节点草测线，即湿作业施工线。

250mm electromechanical elevation line and ± 0.00 horizontal line on the ground shall be completed on the top surface around the wall surface of each floor and area. Bricklayer painting finish line (toilet, kitchen, service room, emulsion paint, window sleeve line base course); Oiler painting finish line (plastering gypsum); Woodworking soft package, hard package and wood finish finish line. The marble finish line is hung dry by the dolomite worker, and the main wall is combined with the node sketch line, that is, the wet operation construction line.
粉刷完成面线
Painting finish line
3、走道控制线以走道控制线采用平移法弹出走道完成面以及与走道有关的门，内外墙完成面线。

所以所有与走道有关的门内线必须统一，以便成品化门统一尺寸一致加工。

3. The walkway control line uses the walkway control line to pop up the finished surface of the walkway and the doors related to the walkway, and the finished surface lines of the internal and external walls by the translation method. Therefore, the interior lines of all doors related to the walkway must be unified, so that the finished doors can be processed in a unified size.
机电点位现场定位
Electromechanical site positioning point
4、以走道中间控制线为基准线，调整与走道有关的门套内、外侧的墙面完成面线定门套。

在施工中也叫走道施工法，门套成品化施工法。

4. Take the control line in the middle of the walkway as the datum line, adjust the wall finish line inside and outside the door pocket related to the walkway, and set the door pocket. In construction, it is also called walkway construction method and door pocket finished product construction method.
5、被装修二对面墙、地面找平，顶面造型所覆盖的线，重新复线。

5. The line covered by the wall and ground of the second decoration shall be leveled and the top shape shall be rerouted.
6、仪器、工具、材料、人员配备
6. Instruments, tools, materials and staffing
1)、仪器：经纬仪、水平仪、红外线、垂直水平仪、100m测量皮尺、7.5m 钢卷尺、200m红外线测距仪、三凌镜等都用于测量。

1) Instruments: theodolite, level, infrared, vertical level, 100m measuring tape, 7.5m steel tape, 200m infrared rangefinder, Sanling mirror, etc. are used for measurement.
2)、工具：墨斗、钩鱼丝线(红色、蓝色)都用于弹线。

2) Tools: ink bucket and fishing line (red and blue) are used to snap the line.
3)、材料：大锤、小锤、铁楸、木工板、150*150*3铁板、30*30*3角铁、Ø8*40膨胀螺栓、划瓷砖的金刚钻刀头，冲击钻、电焊机、切割机等都用于放线定固。

3) Materials: sledgehammer, small hammer, iron Rowan, woodworking board, 150 * 150 * 3 iron plate, 30 * 30 * 3 angle iron, Ø 8 * 40 expansion bolt, diamond drill head for ceramic tile, impact drill, electric welding machine, cutting machine, etc. are all used for setting out and fixing.
4)、人员：施工员、现场总带班、瓦油木带班、放线员、弹线工2人、扫地清理人员2人（此放线5人为一组，根据工作量的大小可增加2-6组人员）。

4) . personnel: constructors, on-site general shift leader, tile oil wood shift leader, setting out worker, 2 line snappers and 2 floor sweepers (5 people in a group, and 2-6 groups can be added according to the workload).。