2019版高考英语一轮基础达标选题Unit2Cloning(含解析)新人教版选修8

Unit 2 Cloning
李仕才
一、阅读理解。

Kanda really doesn’t like to walk alone.The scientist from a research institute
of intelligent robots finds the experience so boring that he’d rather drive— even though he lives close to his lab and knows that walking is healthy . “I enjoy walking with someone， like with my wife ， with my daughter ，” Kanda said.“ But they are not always available.”
So Kanda，who specializes in human- like bots ，developed a robotic walking partner that could make small talk based on its surroundings，which ，he hopes ，might motivate people to get out and exercise more.The bot rests on a person’ s shoulder like a boxy parrot.It weighs about a pound and a half and sits roughly 8.5 inches high，and is 3.5 inches wide and 10 inches long.A microphone ， a speaker ，and an internal camera allow it to communicate.It’ s even equipped with a smile.
Kanda and his team collected video from five different locations， including a garden and a shopping mall， and created a dataset of small talk topics related to
each location.Then they programmed the robot to associate visual cues with specific topics.A special speech software provided the robot with a voice.Near a group of
parked cars ， for example ， it might say ，“In a big parking lot ， sometimes I forget where I parke d. ”
They tested the robot on 15 volunteers， 10 males and 5 females， who were paid and averaged about 26 years old.“Have you ever blown a puff of dandelion（蒲公英） seeds into the air？” The robot asked a participant， who smiled and responded ，“Yes， I often did that w hen I was a child.” Altho ugh several participants noted
the robot’s weight， Kanda was surprised that no one considered the experience
strange or funny.“ I guess people enjoy new technologies，” he said.
Just like a human partner， Kanda’ s bot isn ’ t perfect.It’ s not able to go for walks in heavy rain and， while the robot can make expressions， it can ’ t really hold
a conversation ， about which Kanda is most worried.Despite its limits， Kanda was comforted by the bot’s presence. “ I felt a kind of sense of being with someone，”he said ，“particularly when it spoke.”
【解题导语】本文主要介绍了新研发的陪人漫步的机器人。

1.Why does Kanda have the idea of developing a robotic walking partner？
A.Because he wants someone to accompany him while walking.
B.Because he has never developed a robot like a parrot.
C.Because his family are unwilling to walk with him.
D.Because he is crazy about developing robots.
A 分析：细节理解题。

依据第一段的“‘ I enjoy walking with someone，like with my wife ，with my daughter ，’Kanda said. ‘ But they are not always available.’”可知， Kanda 发明陪人漫步的机器人的原由是想找个人在他漫步时陪他，应选A。

2.What characteristic does the robot have？
A.It can“ speak ” and“see” .
B.It can walk like a human being.
C.It can communicate with people freely.
D.It is much more humorous than a real person.
A 分析：推理判断题。

依据第二段倒数第二句以及第三段的“Then they programmed...with
a voice.”可推知，这类机器人能够说话还能够看，应选A。

3.What is necessary for the robot to function？
A.A small size.B． A boxy shape.
C.A human partner.D． A speech software.
D 分析：细节理解题。

依据第二段倒数第二句和第三段的“Then they programmed...A
special speech software provided the robot with a voice.”可知，这类机器人是要配
备麦克风、扬声器、内置摄像头以及特别的语音软件的，应选D。

4.What is Kanda most likely to do about his robot next？
A.To make it more convenient to carry.
B.To improve its conversational skills.
C.To enable it to walk in heavy rain.
D.To better its sound system.
B 分析：推理判断题。

依据最后一段第二句的“it can ’t really hold a conversation，about which Kanda is most worried”并联合全文的内容可推知，接下来Kanda 将要改良的是机器人的沟通技术，应选B。

二、单句语法填空
health.
1． She was forced ________ (retire)early from teaching because of ill
答案： to retire be forced to do ...“被迫做”；retire“退休”。

2． Many local people ________(object) to the building of the new airport.
答案： objected object to ...“反对”。

3． It won't make much ________(differ) whether you go today or tomorrow.
答案： difference由空前的much 可知应填名词difference。

make a/no/some/much difference表示“有 / 没有 / 有些 / 有很大影响 / 作用 / 关系”。

4． He owes his success more ________luck than ________ ability.
答案： to; to owe ... to ...“把归功于”。

it when 5． Alcohol acts on the brain, so drivers are forbidden________ (drink)
they drive a car.
答案： to drink be forbidden to do ...“被严禁做某事”。

6． ________(strike) by strong snowstorms, the area faced a severe water and
electricity shortage.
答案：Struck过去分词短语在该句中作原由状语。

7． The question ________will take his place is still not clear.
答案： who who 指引同位语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“ 的人”，从句说明
question的内容。

8． The advantage is ________the cost of this method is low.
答案：that设空处指引表语从句在从句中不作成分，无语义，只起连结作用，故填
that。

9． I can't ________(undertake) that you will win in the election.
答案： undertake由空前的神态动词can 可知应填动词原形。

I can't undertake
that ...“我没法承诺”。

10． You can use my computer on condition ________ you return it tomorrow.
答案：that on condition that ...“条件是；只需”。

三、完形填空。

阅读下边短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和 D四个选项中，选出能够填入空白处的
最正确选项。

One Saturday afternoon，my mother was driving home.On the halfway ， after __1__ her credit card to buy something at the store near the gas station，she put her wallet on the top of her car just for a moment to __2__ my phone call.And then __3__，
she forgot and drove off.When arriving home， she realized that and thought that the __4__ of getting it again was small.
She was so __5__ surprised when she found a __6__ on her door from a person who said he and his friend found her wallet a few hours earlier.Patrick and Catherine
saw the wallet in the middle of the road a few __7__ from the gas station.They stopped their car to __8__.It was filled with all the things one usually kept in a wallet，including some __9__ and other cash，however，no phone number.__10__ this，they managed to get a(n) __11__ from my mother's driving licence, and without hesitation，they decided to drive to our home to __12__ it.
Whenmy mother went to get her wallet，she was so __13__ and grateful.She__14__ to give them some money as a(n) __15__ of gratitude，but they refused ， saying that they were just glad to __16__ my mother help.
They were naturally __17__，and they had firm __18__ in the Golden Rule as
well.They drove to our home because they realized the unpleasant and upset experience the loss of a wallet and all its contents could __19__.I think they were really__20__ and helpful.
1． A.pulling out B．applying for
C．paying for D．making out
2． A.make B． answer
C．hear D． send
3． A.carefully B． ridiculously
C．obviously D． deliberately
4． A.amount B． expectation
C．thought D． chance
5． A.curiously B． joyfully
C．willingly D． strangely
6． A.sign B． signal
C．note D． postcard
7． A.stops B． hours
C．squares D． blocks
8． A.pick it up B． look it up
C．take it out D． put it out
9． A.pictures B． envelopes
C．bills D． napkins
10． A.Instead of B． Despite
C． Without D． Beneath
11． A.number B． photograph
C． address D． index
12． A.get B． check
C． exchange D． return
13． A.upset B． relieved
C． fortunate D．warm-h earted
14． A.intended B． advised
C． demandedD． instructed
15． A.feeling B． mood
C． present D． expression
16． A.offer B． share
C． trust D． seek
17． A.honest B． selfish
C． frank D． creative
18． A.courage B． faith
C． support D． devotion
19． A.fulfill B．ignore
C． value D． cause
20． A.ambitious B． civilized
C． polite D． considerate
【解题导语】本文是一篇记述文，主要叙述了作者的母亲丢掉了钱包，两位好意人拾到了钱包，并将它送还给母亲的故事。

【核心词汇】pull out拿出，拉出obviously adv.显然地chance n ．时机，可能性 intend vt. 打算 considerate adj.考虑周祥的
1． A依据下文的“ she put her wallet on the top of her car just for a moment
的提示可知，此处指母亲拿出她的信誉卡去购置一些东西。

pull out “拿出，拉出”；
”apply
for“申请”；pay for“支付”；make out “理解”。

2．B 3． C 为了接听作者的电话，作者的母亲把钱包放在车顶一会儿。

answer“回答，接听”。

依据下文的“ she forgot and drove off.When arriving home, she realized”
的提示可知，此处指“显然地”。

carefully“认真地”；ridiculously“荒唐地”；obviously“显然地”；deliberately“成心地”。

4． D当母亲到家的时候，她意识到了这件事，并且以为再次获得它的可能性很小。

amount“数目”； expectation “希望”； thought “想法”； chance“时机，可能性”。

5． B依据空后的“ when she found a __ 6__ on her door from a person who said he and his friend found her wallet a few hours earlier”的提示可知，母亲感觉既快乐
又诧异。

curiously “好奇地”； joyfully “快乐地”； willingly “愿意地”； strangely “奇异地”。

6． C母亲发现门上有一个条子。

sign “迹象”； signal “信号”； note “条子”；postcard “明信片”。

7． D依据“ Patrick and Catherine saw...They stopped their car to __8__”的提示可知， Patrick和Catherine在离加油站几个街区远的路中间发现了这个钱包，他们停
下车捡起了它。

stop “车站”； hour “小时”； square “广场”； block “街区”。

8． A拜见上题分析。

pick sth.up“捡起某物”切合语境。

9．C依据上文的“ It was filled with all the things one usually kept in a wallet ”
的提示以及知识可知，钱包里有一些账单和其余的现金。

picture “画，照片”；envelope “信封”； bill“账单”； napkin “餐巾”。

10． B依据“ however, no phone number.__10__ this, they managed to get
a(n)__11 __ from my mother's driving licence”的提示可知，钱包里面没有电话号码，
只管这样，他们仍是从母亲的驾照上获得了一个地点。

instead of“取代”； despite“尽管”； without“没有”； beneath “在下边”。

11． C拜见上题分析。

number“数字”； photograph “相片”； address “地点”；
index “索引”。

12．D他们绝不踌躇地开车到达我们家把钱包送还给了母亲。

get “获得”；check“检查”； exchange“互换”； return“送还”。

13． B当母亲去拿钱包的时候，她感觉特别欣慰和感谢。

upset “丧气的”；
relieved“欣慰的”；fortunate“好运的”；warm-hearted“热情的”。

14． A依据上文的“ When my mother went to get her wallet ， she was so __13__and grateful”的提示可知，母亲打算给他们一些钱来表示感谢。

intend “打算”； advise “建议”； demand“要求”； instruct“指导，说明”。

15． D拜见上题分析。

feeling“感觉”；mood“情绪，心情”；present“礼品”；expression “表达，表示”。

16．A可是他们拒绝了，他们说他们很愿意给母亲供给帮助。

offe r sb.sth.“供给某
人某物”。

honest “诚实的”；selfish“自私的”；frank“坦17． A他们表现自然，很诚实。

率的”； creative“有创建力的”。

18． B并且他们关于黄金规则也有着坚定的信心。

have faith in sb./sth.意为“对
某人或某物有信心”。

19． D依据空前的“ because they realized the unpleasant and upset experience
the loss of a wallet and all its conte nts could”的提示可知，他们意识到了失掉钱
包和钱包里的全部东西可能会惹起的令人不快乐和烦忧的经历。

fulfill“实现”；
ignore“忽略”；value “重视”；cause“惹起”。

20． D依据“ They drove to our home...its contents could __19__...and helpful”的提示可知，作者以为他们真的是考虑周祥并且乐于助人的。

ambitious “有野心的”；
civilized “文明的”； polite “有礼貌的”； considerate “考虑周祥的”。

四、单句改错
1． The story he told the police differed in the one he told his mother.
____________________________________________________
答案： in →from differ from ...“和不一样”。

2． Owed to her assistance, we succeeded in starting the engine.
_____________________________________________________
答案： Owed→Owing owing to ...“因为；因为”，为固定用法。

3． It suddenly struck to me that we should make a new plan.
_____________________________________________________
答案：去掉to It strikes sb. that ...“某人忽然想起”。

4． My mother makes a promise if I passed the exam, she would buy me a watch.
____________________________________________________
答案： promise 后加 that该句为that指引的同位语从句，that虽不作成分，但也不
能省略。

5． Encouraging by the speech, the young man made up his mind to take up the
struggle.
____________________________________________________
答案： Encouraging →Encouraged主语the young man与encourage之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作状语。

五、短文改错
As is known to we all, America’s national pastime is baseball. It has played
in this country since the first settlers arrive. It was a national ball what was
liked by many Americans at that time. Although baseball possibly developed from an English game, it is now thought of like an American sport. From the Little League
to the Major League, player of all skill levels enjoy testing their power on the
“Field of Dreams ”. Famous players,exciting music but the standard stadium food
of hot dogs, popcorn and peanuts are popularly among Americans. In a fact, Americans make go to the baseball game a favorite summer outing for many Americans nowadays.
答案：
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